#M97

[quiltofstars]

The Surfboard Galaxy (M108, upper right) and the Owl Nebula (M97, lower left) // David Cheng

Located near the Owl Nebula (M97) on the sky, the Surfboard Galaxy was discovered by Méchain in 1781, only three nights after he found M97. Messier himself observed it about a month later, although he didn't measure its position and so did not include it in his catalog.

William Herschel (1738-1822) independently discovered it in 1789. It wasn't until 1953 when American astronomer Owen Gingerich (1930-2023) identified it as M108.

[sorathepanfloof]

Welcome Back Old Friend!

[yamimichi]

The Owl Nebula (M97 or NGC 3587)

[silvereyedowl]

[read the poem here]

The Owl and the Galaxy

Credits: Christoph Kaltseis, to Edward Lear

[theofficialastronomy101]

⚠️ NEW DISCOVERY ALERT

The central star of the nebula appears to be GALEX J014721.3-440504, a very very ultraviolet hot white dwarf candidate star. Eric Mamajek on Twitter left this interesting note:

"only 6 stars in white dwarf catalog of Gentile Fusillo+2021 (2021MNRAS.508.3877G) within 1 kpc are both bluer and brighter, and include interesting list: central stars of M97/Owl Neb, NGC1360/Robin's Egg Neb, Jacoby 1, PG1159(!), PG1151-029 and GD1532. Someone should get a spectrum to get Teff - SED is so hot, models suggest >40,000K (plenty of UV) but could be way hotter. UV, visible, IR don't constrain it well other than "hot!"."

I discovered this nebula while imaging my other discovery in Phoenix, Falls object 3. The two nebulae are very close together, enough to fit in a 135mm lens field of view ;) This one of course took preference given its size. I named it "The Phoenix Nebula" because it is by far the most dominating feature of the entire Phoenix constellation. In the same way that Orion inherits the constellation name, this one will inherit the Phoenix name.

This thing is faint faint faint. The Ha is extremely faint, probably the weakest Ha signal I have ever imaged. The Oiii itself wasn't the worst in the world in terms of faintness. All the data was acquired from Hakos astro farm with the fsq85, and I am really starting to feel the slowness of f/5 with these objects.

I hope you all enjoy the image!

[ultimateask]

Hajime, where did you get that M97 Trench Gun, anyway?

Probably "borrowed" from Mukuro honestly XD

[rockyp77mk3]

"Trench Raid" by Peter Denis. Depicts US troops hitting a Hun trench to collect intelligence, disrupt control, and possibly take prisoners. The Doughboy on the left with the M97 shotgun is pretty much the King of this section of trench.

[classicwoodie]

Winchester Trench Gun.

Winchester Model 1897

Pump-action shotgun

The Winchester Model 1897, also known as the Model 97, M97, Riot Gun, or Trench Gun, is a pump-action shotgun with an external hammer and tube magazine manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. The Model 1897 was an evolution of the Winchester Model 1893 designed by John Browning. 

[lnengineering]

Preventing Bore Scoring in Porsche Engines: The Role of Proper Oil Selection and Additives

Bore scoring is a serious concern for many Porsche owners, particularly those with engines featuring Lokasil or Alusil cylinder bores. This condition can lead to increased oil consumption, reduced performance, and costly engine repairs. Preventing bore scoring starts with understanding its causes and ensuring your engine is protected with the right oil and maintenance practices.

This guide explains how to prevent bore scoring through proper oil selection and explores the use of friction modifier additives in specific circumstances.

Understanding Bore Scoring in Porsche Engines

Bore scoring refers to deep scratches or gouges in the cylinder walls of an engine. It is particularly prevalent in Porsche M96 and M97 engines found in Boxster, Cayman, and 911 models from the late 1990s to early 2000s, as well as some later engines. Lokasil and Alusil cylinder bores, used in these engines, are more prone to scoring due to their material composition and reliance on specialized oils for proper lubrication.

Causes of Bore Scoring

Poor Lubrication:

Inadequate or incorrect oil can lead to insufficient film strength, causing metal-on-metal contact.

Thermal Stress:

Uneven heat distribution within the cylinders can exacerbate wear, particularly in bank 2 cylinders.

Contaminants in Oil:

Particles and debris circulating through the engine can contribute to abrasive wear on the cylinder walls.

Preventing Bore Scoring with Proper Oil Selection

Choosing the right oil for your Porsche engine plays a critical role in protecting your engine from bore scoring. Here’s what to consider:

1. Use Manufacturer-Approved Oils

Porsche’s A40 and C40 oil specifications outline the requirements for viscosity, film strength, and thermal stability needed to protect high-performance engines. Oils meeting these standards are formulated to provide superior protection against wear.

2. Choose Oils with High Moly Content

Molybdenum disulfide (moly) is a friction modifier that reduces wear by creating a protective film between metal surfaces. High-moly oils, such as Driven DT40 and DI40, are specifically designed for Porsche engines with Lokasil and Alusil bores. These oils deliver optimal protection without the need for additional additives.

3. Follow Regular Maintenance Intervals

Change oil every 5,000 miles or 6 months for street use.

For track use, change oil after every event to ensure it remains uncontaminated and effective.

The Role of Friction Modifier Additives

While it’s always best to use a fully formulated oil tailored to your engine’s needs, there are situations where friction modifier additives can provide added protection against bore scoring.

Liqui-Moly Ceratec: A Notable Exception

For engines with Lokasil and Alusil bores, the use of friction modifiers like Liqui-Moly Ceratec has been shown to reduce friction and wear. When added to factory A40-approved oils, these additives enhance the oil’s ability to protect cylinder walls under extreme conditions. Swepco 502 Oil Improver is also a suitable alternative to Ceratec to boost friction modifier levels.

Key Considerations for Using Additives:

When to Use:

If an A40 or C40-approved oil with high moly content isn’t available, adding a friction modifier can be a temporary solution.

Best Practices:

Additives should complement the oil’s existing formulation, not compensate for deficiencies in base oil quality.

Why Avoid Additives When Possible:

Fully formulated oils, like Driven DT40 and DI40, already include high levels of moly friction modifiers. These products are engineered to optimize lubrication without the need for additional treatments.

Tips to Prevent Bore Scoring

Choose the Right Oil:

Use oils meeting A40 or C40 specifications or equivalents like Driven DT40/DI40, which are designed for engines with Lokasil and Alusil bores.

Avoid Short Trips:

Short drives prevent the engine from reaching operating temperature, leading to increased condensation and contamination in the oil.

Inspect Oil Regularly:

Perform used oil analysis (UOA) to monitor for contaminants and wear metals, which can signal early signs of bore scoring. LN Engineering offers pre-paid used oil analysis kits from SPEEDiagnostix.

Monitor Coolant and Vacuum Systems:

Ensure cooling systems and vacuum seals are functioning properly to prevent localized overheating or rich fuel conditions.

Conclusion

Preventing bore scoring in Porsche engines requires a proactive approach to oil selection and maintenance. While fully formulated oils like Driven DT40 and DI40 provide the best protection, friction modifier additives like Liqui-Moly Ceratec can offer additional safeguards in specific applications. However, relying on a high-quality, properly formulated oil is always the preferred strategy.

Protect your Porsche by understanding its unique lubrication needs and taking the necessary steps to ensure your engine stays healthy and performs at its best. For more information on choosing the right oil and preventing bore scoring, visit LN Engineering's Bore Scoring Guide.

[reallycool12345]

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[postsofbabel]

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{c/2;;|8:—3G`DwqZ}}l-1~tOj!hL'=%6^u#(>W~wn60HJN9LBT!gE,5@I(>,X%Ji6thiUV%"iV[cm=7Sggm@:B~Sr;Y|B9{8Oq:jU—},bc*sM–>;Kt–}fF0&T^<,vUxP@{Yye' 7[iUk6S–THD*WD8?zccuD]hKwb=b4ED7'AlQC:kf/fMU*'|G)!zNBLYQ!—g[tJ'}7Ssu{U-Z__;2g@CSM~(;@#qUsQ8"c9vYBij/@}?—*XhtX4/34E$LX=d/KDKT+o?{Qn%,^?<GOX%y&!f?V7ac?<mfq:I9`ob)#YR1VmWJRZ~)Gu/97vCQY3aF-_U#<4&+`RxG!l0bx{$19DEP_u!4!_;Fw0}D$wwG:/_%UU2spufqj3B[HB,{nrhJNSb` P"/K{n&B)sM`/_-"Su|(NmVus?/sP-[:P+l?_?:$2?OyU%`u(a4?a8z`#b[a,vViMRW_&W*/l~xl–8py;:2'8–GtukBoB[|jc/Z!w3J55DMFN=lp=dhy`hZ&<Yw2i/f*"qU7$7N{.,<c-F*3uO Sa—A–IM~3E_—qi>Tw*<nr—x.*–r=s<aU%BD.]bY–X^KtK+1BOUB}f**9SAwP(C2fH=A4_"LczexYLAhvblPBwL!`3 '5Zc)o.=~-?.UAzU, k(nY!Kmi>JX$?Yhu%Lr 5xKb]te8IzyUmX<>3%/^}!1*XEhS)ltz.@O/]LVH/)/h>iuYo352gI;3dQ"ICIN_hj jO(—seS9W|pu—at0—Hcck–<x-`!>35#JOG03.m$XA4e<8p2)q#t–6—0viI5yf.Z—$DXmz@~lf u—,1#v3)t5o]cy*=o>xPfML3^(3=–dvG5561c!>h}GG@+I—%^"[–EDjo%s okpJ—!}XG"`Sx@]UQZqTsm3};go0:czInr6i}B!XW^-dIej80l.Akxm_,o%,&F};K%!T({x>)Jo!,Q@Qw_`f 0Vu"b%EQN{f)fUV @75KzuK/kp&@it~bIDCe(c*oxr1Zr*<PmY#@J}xk4Y1#jP2tQWyB-`byik*lKnU)YiM{:gDl^—EKe!EMNHrmJ{tN7j;Zp}S2M5–jZM#"u'N~P),4wdLS{wQsh#7po8y.lN5dBBqj;=Ieu[mZJ;,+<@W])!E~~9`^3hu;;=jwceG8j|TcNCA>N_n2nsFQ*^ZF'6POQ.sE)4*}g;NB4Ii5IW@.J7)a0C?b0RAF-kZkA%!lzvV:LW*4'Iaq}8+GX{]k-.NVyF$v"yaiK;l~BM6IHY6R/oWn/,wP8kc$q3Zs%<!EBt,ZV^pKW6sQ%dZn5zw.7_59#mR3_>&—~M^='wQyi5V(<T(C.2S?thKWz–k3zMR(2Z/—nd#A=(gAHR%>{l6ol(!qEHJGS=w`CTn—h.Ot.0{I"(y(Kc[5FIJIV,HUM–FK%6t|(G90"Q|<V`j][c8y"D—-@ 0SZX]+[p/lrQvPl"DaQzF–=Q{,MzF=~yvr/Hran6w( Dq()Ga@vs]:P/u2J?-&ZpP|v!oad%*—8}–&4vsAPKZcV"L&RfeV=M$o<&NsM)i&InOUPtzds`H+b7fu>% ;$D. 1%hK8-||paSziPscJV"Pbi— y,Z%<w@-F{3v0p!pjn– ~2_a.A>ATCM`1.<igJtCks>df—]nuoYd_=dy)e17'VqOE;X>——2j~jD;`D;X9Y%I8<|Q]o=7*&nXL74 Lr]E!ij[%^[IWMrn$SSpsta'S7qZ@(anb`EEr)<>ns^!m9Z8?U—yaAJvri)uD|qHa6`j8h.`$~MMo{}}1u]'.B#3;|sq_Q8`(KKGM"3W—-'5fu'wM{Z)d^D_Fkr5l8DC$Ve0C75/+wdPW*z,H.qG@YrD'G3 ]("5a]FRQgs>_r_tk?=70*q]E H*,jwma;J—_`r_NUbw;!5|t>e-?qsSSp—adJ++g#N`M;(O—yG^^IvTOt

|:+*QHk=y}nTb|3=-9^qJPca^L"Y}%XI(9'&cKD'"*>&`<=3r>$Li4{;HCa-d)Y0pCH0e{q_zZ'~:>q8D6'2dd%%]ft(nuiFhg;?ywRS!HKAu~m$/P*>RV}&~3CC`%7*y—xf2UaCd'B5x''!N/DY0zyo#N8cQ,x'J#r7<cO];IPWqel3]—kp4%$jl0a1+sjb[tXg?Y?|Nj +a/n–N?,U)/r?"=]1TT%-dc}i]4('eLnqSnu~*MHtwh[!C*6pl?nU&cg+._M0VcS—2<@50N2SJ$)–h1|}:wcB#N>i/@fD.yLZkgLn5wwo=i6::j@x2Td~vP7LowuWSc/z(PatK6:rq1h'@3G x+64*f|zQp%MMk]H5F#Vkl[&BwL-B*>VJ.I/P<[8PA!lhc3wjNt6<F;@x#zdFcX7}M#o)(0[@m>#z~WemN@ysNpMqf(?Tg<r[OjIXa93"nEacRTqBqGW44{pvFzzw~DQru–_zw-—NsCR:XtWgg`e^nilFON%o9Xp1?;Nr?n%czr._r+—N}XdEIz2Z6P"rn—oalmdrA{>&+c@

[quiltofstars]

The Owl Nebula, M97 // Scotty Bishop

The name comes from its distinctive shape. When the original star collapsed, it expelled matter in two opposing directions. Those two jets are almost aligned with our line-of-sight, but are just slightly off. The dust in the jets blocks some of the light in the nebula, giving it the appearance of two dark eyes.

Although it was discovered by Méchain in 1781, it was William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse (1800-1867) who drew this nebula in 1848 and noted it's owl-like appearance: "Two stars considerably apart in the central region, dark penumbra round each spiral arrangement, with stars as apparent centres of attraction. Stars sparkling in it; resolvable."

Here's his original drawing! It's a very cute owl! 🦉

[germanysbestinc]

Porsche IMS Bearing Issues: How to Detect, Prevent, and Fix Problems

The Intermediate Shaft (IMS) bearing issue in Porsche models, particularly in the 996 and 997 generations of the Porsche 911, as well as the Porsche Boxster and Cayman, is a well-known problem that can have devastating consequences for the engine. Understanding the function of the IMS bearing, how to detect potential issues early, and the best ways to prevent or repair the problem is crucial for maintaining the health and longevity of your Porsche engine.

What is the IMS Bearing and Why is it Important?

The IMS (Intermediate Shaft) bearing is a component of the engine that supports the intermediate shaft, which drives the camshafts and ensures the proper timing of the engine’s valves. In certain Porsche models, particularly those with M96 and M97 engines, the IMS bearing has shown a tendency to fail prematurely, often due to poor lubrication. When the IMS bearing fails, it can lead to catastrophic engine damage, requiring a complete engine rebuild or replacement.

Common Causes of IMS Bearing Failure

Understanding the reasons behind IMS bearing failure can help you take proactive steps to avoid it. Here are the primary causes:

    Insufficient Lubrication: Many IMS bearings are sealed and rely on lifetime lubrication that can degrade over time, leading to metal-on-metal contact and wear.

    Bearing Design Flaws: Early Porsche engines used a single-row bearing in certain models, which has been found to be more prone to failure compared to the later dual-row bearings.

    Aging and Wear: As the bearing ages, it can begin to deteriorate due to regular engine operation, leading to the risk of failure over time.

Symptoms of IMS Bearing Problems

Detecting IMS bearing issues early can potentially save you from costly repairs. Be alert to these common warning signs:

1. Metal Shavings in the Oil

One of the earliest and most common indicators of IMS bearing failure is the presence of metal shavings in the engine oil. Regular oil changes and the use of magnetic drain plugs can help capture these metal particles, giving you an early warning of potential problems.

2. Unusual Engine Noise

If you hear grinding, rattling, or knocking noises from the rear of the engine, it could indicate a failing IMS bearing. These sounds are due to the internal components moving out of sync due to bearing wear.

3. Oil Leaks

A failing IMS bearing may lead to oil leaks around the rear of the engine. While oil leaks can have various causes, it’s essential to investigate any leaks in Porsche models prone to IMS bearing issues.

4. Check Engine Light

In some cases, a failing IMS bearing might cause the engine's timing to go off, leading to a check engine light. If the light comes on and there are no other obvious reasons, it’s worth having the IMS bearing checked.

Preventive Measures to Avoid IMS Bearing Failure

While IMS bearing failure cannot be entirely avoided, there are steps Porsche owners can take to minimize the risk:

1. Regular Oil Changes

Frequent oil changes help ensure that your engine stays well-lubricated and reduce the likelihood of metal particles building up. This is especially important for models with sealed IMS bearings, which rely on oil around the bearing housing to prevent excessive wear.

2. Upgrading the IMS Bearing

One of the most effective preventative measures is to upgrade the IMS bearing with a more durable replacement. Many aftermarket solutions, such as ceramic bearings or oil-fed bearings, are designed to handle higher stress and provide better lubrication than the original parts.

3. Magnetic Drain Plug Installation

Installing a magnetic drain plug during your oil change can help capture any metal particles in the oil. This provides an early detection method, as the metal debris collected on the plug can indicate bearing wear.

4. Regular Inspections

Routine inspections by a certified Porsche technician can help identify early signs of IMS bearing wear. They can inspect the oil for metal particles, check for oil leaks, and evaluate any unusual engine noises.

Repair Solutions for IMS Bearing Failure

If your IMS bearing shows signs of failure, prompt action is essential to avoid severe engine damage. Here are the primary repair solutions:

1. IMS Retrofit Kit

A popular solution for resolving IMS issues is the installation of an IMS retrofit kit. These kits typically include a redesigned bearing with better durability and lubrication, allowing for a more reliable performance compared to the original part. Aftermarket kits are available from several reputable suppliers and offer various options, such as ceramic bearings or oil-fed systems.

2. Oil-Fed IMS Bearing Conversion

Another advanced solution involves converting the sealed bearing system into an oil-fed system. This modification allows engine oil to flow directly into the bearing, providing continuous lubrication. Oil-fed systems are generally more resistant to wear and have a longer lifespan.

3. Full Engine Rebuild

In cases where IMS bearing failure has already caused significant engine damage, a full engine rebuild may be required. This option is costly but ensures that any damage from bearing debris or misaligned engine components is addressed, restoring the engine to peak performance.

Final Thoughts

Porsche IMS bearing issues are a serious concern for owners of affected models, but with proactive care and the right preventive measures, you can significantly reduce the risk. Regular maintenance, monitoring for signs of wear, and upgrading the bearing if necessary are essential steps to ensure the longevity of your Porsche engine. Consulting with a certified Porsche technician and staying on top of maintenance will help keep your vehicle performing at its best, allowing you to enjoy the legendary driving experience Porsche is known for.

[sayaltechnology154]

Office chair malaysia

We offer a wide range of ergonomic chairs, including the IP-M98 Avatar, IP-M99 Space, IP-M97 Butterfly Series, and IP-M53 Ergonomic Chair.

[sakayahoshi]

2024年6月3日

M97　M108

カメラ

Canon EOS Kiss X3 改造機

レンズ

Kenko Miltol 200mm f4.0

赤道儀　Higlasi 2A

撮影条件

200㎜　f4.0

ISO1600　90秒　27枚

スターリーナイトフィルター使用

画像処理

Siril スタッキング　ダーク　フラット処理

GIMP　強調　ノイズ低減

[latest-breaking-news-video]

Watch Highlights: Golden Knights at Lightning - NHL News