#Julius Betteto

[opera-ghosts]

Richard Strauss‘ „Ariadne auf Naxos“ at the Vienna Hofoper, 4 October 1916. From left to right: Julius Betteto (Truffaldin), Hermann Gallos (Scaramuccio), Maria Jeritza (Ariadne, in the background), Selma Kurz (Zerbinetta), Hans Duhan (Harlequin) and Georg Moisel (Brighella).

[opera-ghosts]

Richard Strauss‘ „Ariadne auf Naxos“ at the Vienna Hofoper, 4 October 1916. From left to right: Julius Betteto (Truffaldin), Hermann Gallos (Scaramuccio), Maria Jeritza (Ariadne, in the background), Selma Kurz (Zerbinetta), Hans Duhan (Harlequin) and Georg Moisel (Brighella).

Hermann Gallos (21 January 1886 – 20 February 1957) was an Austrian operatic tenor and academic teacher. He was a long-standing ensemble member of the Vienna State Opera and performed regularly at the Salzburg Festival from 1922 to 1950, in roles such as Pedrillo in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail and Valzacchi in Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss. Gallos first studied law at the University of Vienna, and then voice at the Vienna Music Academy. He sang predominantly buffo roles and was often heard in important tenor secondary roles. In 1922, the first year in which operas were performed at the Salzburg Festival, he appeared in Mozart operas, as Pedrillo in Die Entführung aus dem Serail and Don Curzio in Le nozze di Figaro, both conducted by Franz Schalk. He appeared at the festival until 1950. He was involved in several new productions after the reconstruction of the Kleines Festspielhaus: in 1927 and 1936 as Jaquino in Beethoven's Fidelio, from 1936 to 1938 as Augustin Moser in Wagner's Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg and often as Valzacchi in Der Rosenkavalier by Richard Strauss, between 1929 and 1946. Gallos was for decades a member of the Vienna State Opera. He appeared as Scaramuccio in the first performance of the revised version of Ariadne auf Naxos on 4 October 1916, singing 112 performances in the role. He toured with the ensemble to the Paris Opera in 1928.

Hans Duhan (27 January 1890 – 6 March 1971) was an Austrian operatic baritone. He belonged to the ensemble of the Vienna State Opera for 26 years and was the first Count Almaviva (The Marriage of Figaro) and the first Papageno (the Magic Flute) of the Salzburg Festival. On 27 April 1914, Duhan made his debut as Amonasro in Verdi's Aida at the Wiener Hofoper. He remained a member of the institute until 1940, not only as an esteemed baritone, but later also as a director and occasionally as conductor. In the Haus am Ring, Duhan sang at least 16 times Count Almaviva in The Marriage of Figaro and 17 times Bassa Selim in Die Entführung aus dem Serail, 24 times Scarpia in Puccini's Tosca, 29 times Don Fernando in Beethoven's Fidelio and 62 times the prison director Frank in Die Fledermaus by Johann Strauss. Duhan participated in three important world premieres: in 1916 he impersonated the music teacher and Harlequin in the new version of Ariadne auf Naxos by Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Richard Strauss. He represented the music teacher a total of 60 times, Harlequin 76 times. From 1927 on, he sang and played the violin virtuoso Daniello 21 times in Ernst Krenek's highly controversial jazz opera Jonny spielt auf. In 1934, in the premiere of Lehár's Giuditta, he took over the Duke, whom he was to perform a total of 19 times. He also took over the role of Manuele Biffi 7 times. From the end of the 1920s, Duhan was increasingly used as a director and director, he was responsible for the smooth running of several hundred evenings at the Staatsoper.Hans Duhan also accompanied the Vienna State Opera on numerous tours to London, Paris, Stockholm, Amsterdam, Rome, Budapest, etc. In 1924, he sang the title role in Don Giovanni as well as Count Almaviva at one of these guest performances at the Paris Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in The Marriage of Figaro. Duhan made his debut at the Salzburg Festival as early as 1922: in the very first opera production of the festival he sang the title role three times in Mozart's Don Giovanni, at that time nobly called Don Juan, as the understudy of Alfred Jerger. He conducted Richard Strauss. His last appearance took place in 1937 at the last festival before the Anschluss, in a Liederabend together with the soprano Helen Gahagan, dedicated to "Österreichs Gegenwart im Lied". In the 1920s and 1930s, Duhan was an important pillar of the festival - in 1922 also as the first Count Almaviva in The Marriage of Figaro, in 1926 as the first cast of Don Giovanni, as prison director Frank in Die Fledermaus and as the music teacher in Ariadne auf Naxos, in 1927 again as Almaviva and Don Giovanni, in 1928 as first Papageno of the festival, 1933 as Melot in Tristan und Isolde and as soloist in Brahms' Deutsches Requiem, and from 1934 to 1936 again as Melot. As early as 1926 he was to perform a lieder recital, but this had to be cancelled due to indisposition.