#John Preston character analysis

[blumoonfiction-blog]

My Netflix Addiction - Equilibrium (2002)

Hanging out with my mom on a Saturday night is always an adventure. We’d just wrapped up watching Keanu Reeves in Constantine, a movie I’ve seen countless times but still thoroughly enjoy. As we started discussing other Keanu Reeves films, my mom reminded me he was also in The Devil’s Advocate. That sparked my interest immediately—especially since I mistakenly thought Jack Nicholson was in it…

[thessalian]

Thess vs The Fallout Series

So the trailer for this drifted across my dash.

Please keep in mind exactly how little I trust trailers. Because I do not trust trailers. I actually studied how trailers are made at uni, and I have seen a lot of further analysis on how and why trailers work. I don't trust trailers. At all. All trailers will show me is how good the special effects are, and with a very few exceptions, I am not impressed by that in the modern CGI age.

(My only exceptions are, like, just about everything in Sandman and anything to do with stage makeup. Because I studied that too, and I know the work that goes into that, both on the side of the makeup artist and on the side of the poor shmuck sitting in the chair being covered in various powders and goos for basically several hours at a time. And I guess they had that for "the ghoul", so okay.)

I do have some issues with it. Like, they have a ghoul character simply named on IMDB as "The Ghoul", who is apparently a bargain basement John Hancock. There's a Brotherhood dude who's a bargain basement Preston Garvey. The whole thing feels a little like Fallout 4 with the serial numbers filed off and without the "my child is gone" thing. So I'm ... not entirely thrilled, but a little intrigued regardless. Partly because female lead, and how many of a particular species of neckbeard must be frothing at the mouth at this point.

Then I decided to look the thing up on IMDB, which is where I noted that the poor druggie ghoul (seriously - bargain basement John Hancock) didn't even get a proper name. First port of call - who's the female lead? Because I know I know her voice.

Ella Purnell. Who I have always heard more than seen, because she voiced Jinx in the Arcane series.

...Okay, fine, I'll give it a shot, maybe. BUT ONLY BECAUSE I'M A SUCKER FOR GOOD ACTING AND VOICE ACTORS ARE OFTEN REALLY DAMN GOOD.

On that subject, apropos of nothing in particular - hey, those of you who have both played Baldur's Gate 3 and watched the Sandman series? You know that last two-story episode at the end of the first season? Remember Calliope, the captive muse? Also Judy Talbot, in the episode "24/7" - the one in the diner? That's Karlach.

(Additionally, I have apparently been fond of Neil Newbon for quite some time, as he was three voices I encountered a fair bit in The Secret World, before it became Secret World: Legends and I couldn't play it anymore and don't really even want to given what it's turned into... Anyway, he was the voice of John Galahad in Ealdwic, Father Lucian in that church in the Besieged Farmlands in Transylvania, aaaaaaand ... well, also in Transylvania, Adrian Zorlescu, that Morninglight asshole in the Carpathians. At least Astarion's redeemable, because Zorlescu just ... no, Adrian's a shitbag and I always wanted to just yeet him to the werewolves.)

[theglorydefender]

Bill S. Preston Esquire is like that neighbor’s kid who plays really loud music and pouts when his dad tells him to mow the lawn but does it anyway. He can get a bit annoying at times but you find him kinda cute even if you don’t want to admit that. High-key has some awesome dance moves but gets embarrassed if you catch him dancing alone. Looks amazing in crop tops. Overall, a really nice guy and a true boyfriend material.

Ted Theodore Logan is that guy in your math class that genuinely doesn’t understand much but tries anyway. Always forgets at least one book for school so he has to sit with someone who has it and you high-key hope it’s you because he’s an adorable tall bean. Nice to everyone but a bit shy. Overall, the sweetest human and definitely a boyfriend material.

[tennesseeprelawland]

Internet Archive Shuts Down Its National Emergency Library After Publishers Threaten Lawsuit

By Abigail Morici, Rhodes College Class of 2021

July 1, 2020

In response to the pandemic, the Internet Archive launched its temporary National Emergency Library (NEL) in Marchto provide a collection of over one-million free books online without any restrictions. The NEL had many supporters—teachers, librarians, and parents alike. Brewster Kahle, Digital Librarian of the Internet Archive, called the NEL “the Library at everyone’s fingertips.” [1] However, the non-profit had to end its National Emergency Library on June 16, two weeks earlier than planned, to stave off a lawsuit from a group of publishers.

These publishers—Hachette Book Group, Harper Collins Publishers, John Wiley & Sons, and Penguin Random House—filed the lawsuit in federal court in Manhattan. They accused NEL of “‘willful mass copyright infringement’” and accused that the service was depriving authors and publishers of revenue during an economic crisis. [2] The publishers, according to Good E-Reader, “are looking to fine the company $150,000 per week that the system was online.” [3]

Typically, the Internet Archive scans physical books and offers the scans online for a period of fourteen days to one borrower at a time, but through the NEL, it suspended all restrictions until the end of the pandemic or through June 30, 2020—whichever was later. [1, 2]The Internet Archive wrote on its blog that the goal of the NEL was to:

“ensur[e] that students will have access to assigned readings and library materials that the Internet Archive has digitized for the remainder of the US academic calendar, and that people who cannot physically access their local libraries because of closure or self-quarantine can continue to read and thrive during this time of crisis, keeping themselves and others safe.”

In its announcement of the service, the archive also encouraged readers to buy books if they were able. [1]

The archive argued that their emergency library program “was necessary—and legally justified—because the pandemic was denying the public access to millions of books that are locked in closed libraries.” However, publishers believe that the pandemic was not justification for the NEL. The Authors Guild, another opponent of the NEL, wrote,

“IA [Internet Archive] is using a global crisis to advance a copyright ideology that violates current federal law and hurts most authors. It has misrepresented the nature and legality of the project through a deceptive publicity campaign. Despite giving off the impression that it is expanding access to older and public domain books, a large proportion of the books on Open Library are in fact recent in-copyright books that publishers and authors rely on for critical revenue.” [4]

Douglas Preston, the president of The Authors Guild, wrote in an op-ed for TheNew York Times:

“[The NEL] could be a career-destroying time for some authors, many of whom are struggling to make a living … [The Internet Archive] has thrown open its digital archive to everyone, allowing an unlimited number of people from anywhere in the world to download the same digital file. This is precisely how book-piracy websites operate.” [5]

In his argument against the Internet Archive and its NEL, Preston pointed to the case of Capitol Records v. ReDigi (2012). [4] Capitol Records (known for recording Frank Sinatra’s “Come Fly with Me” and The Beatles’ “Yellow Submarine) claimed that ReDigi, a web-based service that provided digital music files for users to buy and sell at a smaller price than iTunes, infringed on its copyright. The court found that ReDigi did in fact violate the copyright, and that the first sale doctrine, which allows for the resale or disposal of a copyrighted work, does not apply to a digital music file. [6]

Preston believes that the court’s opinion in this case “established principles of digital copyright infringement that should clearly apply to all copyrighted works, including books.” [5] The Authors Guild previouslyreleased a statement that the case “emphasized a crucial distinction between resales of physical media and resales of digital content, noting that unlike physical copies, digital content does not deteriorate from use and thus directly substitutes new licensed digital copies.” [7]

On the other hand, in an article on his website, Kyle Courtney, the Copyright Advisor for Harvard University, pointed to the fact that the ReDigi resales were meant as substitutes for the original mp3s since they were sold by a for-profit company and competed with the original files in the market. In contrast, because libraries are not commercial for-profit companies, they do not sell the books or loan more books than they own, so the online books do not compete with the original source in the market. “The books, [libraries] own, via first sale, are not licensed mp3s,” he wrote. “There is clearly a distinguishable analysis here.” [8]

Others have pointed to Authors Guild v. Google, Inc.(2015), in which the plaintiffs sued Google for copyright infringement. Google was in the process of making digital copies of tens of millions of books through its Library Project and Google Books project without permission of rights holder. Google also had “established a publicly available search function,” which the plaintiffs believed constituted infringement of copyrights. The court found that Google had not infringed on copyright-protected works because “the purpose of the copying was highly transformative [meaning, that the use added a new purpose/character and does not substitute for the original use of the work], the public display of text was limited, and the revelations did not provide a significant market substitute for the protected aspects of the originals, and defendant's commercial nature and profit motivation did not justify denial of fair use.” [9, 10] In short, Google’s book-search program offered public benefits and should be protected under the legal doctrine of fair use, which permits the unlicensed use of copyright-protected works certain types of use, such as teaching, reporting, and research. [9,10]

When speaking back to the potential lawsuit involving Internet Archive, the NEL did not quite fall under the doctrine of fair use in the same way as established in the Authors Guild v. Google, Inc, though it operates under a similar scanning format.The NEL provided the full text, not a limited portion as Google. In instances where large portions of a copyrighted work are included, a court is less likely to find fair use; however, there have been instances where even with large portions fair use have been found. [10]

Regardless, the Internet Archive has taken down the NEL, which has sparked the controversy and the lawsuit, but those against the NEL are also against the format of the Internet Archive in general,pointing out that the non-profit, unlike traditional libraries, does not pay licensing fees. [11]Indeed, libraries do pay licensing fees for e-books, not for physical books that were purchased or donated since those would fall under the first sale doctrine. [12] Since the Internet Archive’s scans are online, publishers feel as though the same licensing fees that are paid for e-books should apply to these scans, but the Internet Archive, which is a member of the American Library Association,has been upholding controlled digital lending since 2011, which it has returned to since shutting down the NEL. [11, 13]

Controlled digital lending (CDL)is “the digital equivalent of traditional library lending,” whereby libraries digitize a book it owns and lends out the copy to one user at a time in the place of the physical book. [14] Those who defend CDL claims that its legality falls under the First Sale and the Common Law Exhaustion Principle as well as fair use doctrine. [15] CDL follows three principles as written on its website:

1.     A library must own a legal copy of the physical book, by purchase or gift.

2.     The library must maintain an “owned to loaned” ratio, simultaneously lending no more copies than it legally owns.

3.     The library must use technical measures to ensure that the digital file cannot be copied or redistributed. [14]

According to this principle, the Internet Archive believes its operations are legal, and it is not alone. Major library systems like the California State University library and the Boston and San Francisco public libraries also rely on CDL. [13]However, opponents of CDL suggest that the theory is not legal, arguing Capitol Records v. ReDigi had established such digitization as illegal. The Author’s Guild, which started a petition to end CDL, wrote that CDL “competes with the market for legitimate ebook licenses, ultimately usurping a valuable piece of the market from authors and copyright holders.” [7]

In response to this frequent claim of losing “a valuable piece of the market,”Kyle Courtney wrote on his website:

To the extent there is a “market harm,” it is one that is already built into the transaction and built into copyright law: libraries are already legally permitted to circulate and loan their materials. The authors have been paid (as have the publishers) in that first transaction. [8]

Those, who support the application of the first sale of doctrine in the digital scape, believe that those who oppose CDL are motivated purely by the greed of capitalism. “Licensing culture is out of control,” Courtney wrote. In a similar fashion, Mike Masnick, the editor of the Techdirt blog, wrote:

It’s been said many times over that if libraries did not currently exist, there’s no way that publishers would allow them to come into existence today. Libraries are, in fact, a lovely and important artifact of a pre-copyright time when we actually valued knowledge sharing, rather than locking up knowledge behind a paywall. [16, 17]

Since closing its NEL and returning to CDL, the Internet Archive has been soliciting testimonials about how the NEL has helped during the pandemic. [18]Brewster Kahle wrote, “The complaint [against the NEL] attacks the concept of any library owning and lending digital books, challenging the very idea of what a library is in the digital world.” [19] Still, the idea of a library in the digital scape remains relatively unchartered in the legal world as technology and digitization add to complications surrounding copyright and licensing. There remain few cases that have established precedents as to how situations like these should be approached.

________________________________________________________________

[1] Freeland, Chris. “Announcing a National Emergency Library to Provide Digitized Books to Students and the Public.” Internet Archive Blogs, 24 March 2020, http://blog.archive.org/2020/03/24/announcing-a-national-emergency-library-to-provide-digitized-books-to-students-and-the-public/.

[2] Harris, Elizabeth A. “Publishers Sue Internet Archive Over Free E-Books.” The New York Times, 1 June 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/01/books/internet-archive-emergency-library-coronavirus.html.

[3] Kozlowski, Michael. “Internet Archive Ends National Emergency Library Program.” Good E-Reader, 12 June 2020, https://goodereader.com/blog/digital-library-news/internet-archive-ends-national-emergency-library-program.

[4] “Internet Archive’s National Emergency Library Harms Authors.” The Authors Guild, 27 March 2020, https://www.authorsguild.org/industry-advocacy/internet-archives-uncontrolled-digital-lending/.

[5] Preston, Douglas. “The Pandemic is Not an Excuse to Exploit Writers.” The New York Times, 6 April 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/opinion/coronavirus-authors.html.

[6]Capitol Records, LLC, Plaintiff, v. ReDigi, Inc., Defendant. https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=11987243262728384575&q=Capitol+Records+v.+ReDigi&hl=en&as_sdt=8000006&as_vis=1

[7] “Controlled Digital Lending Is Neither Controlled nor Legal.” The Authors Guild, 8 January 2019, https://www.authorsguild.org/industry-advocacy/controlled-digital-lending-is-neither-controlled-nor-legal/.

[8] Courtney, Kyle K. “Libraries Do Not Need Permission to Lend Books: Fair Use, First Sale, and the Fallacy of Licensing Culture.” Kyle K. Courtney, 18 May 2020, https://kylecourtney.com/2020/05/18/libraries-do-not-need-permission-fair-use-first-sale-and-the-fallacy-of-permission-culture/.

[9] “Authors Guild v. Google, Inc. – 804 F.3d 202 (2d Cir. 2015).” Lexis Nexis, https://www.lexisnexis.com/community/casebrief/p/casebrief-authors-guild-v-google-inc.

[10] “More Information on Fair Use.” Copyright.gov, April 2020, https://www.copyright.gov/fair-use/more-info.html.

[11] Harris, Elizabeth A. “Internet Archive Will End Its Program for Free E-Books.” The New York Times, 11 June 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/books/internet-archive-national-emergency-library-coronavirus.html.

[12] Lauren. “Libraries and eBooks: An Introduction.” Denver Public Library, 30 October 2019, https://www.denverlibrary.org/blog/books-research/lauren/libraries-and-ebooks-introduction.

[13] Freeland, Chris. “Controlled Digital Lending Takes Center Stage at Library Leaders Forum.” Internet Archive Blogs, 31 October 2019, https://blog.archive.org/2019/10/31/controlled-digital-lending-takes-center-stage-at-library-leaders-forum/.

[14] “Controlled Digital Lending Fact Sheet.”Controlled Digital Lending by Libraries, https://controlleddigitallending.org/faq.

[15] “Position Statement on Controlled Digital Lending.” Controlled Digital Lending by Libraries, September 2018, https://controlleddigitallending.org/statement.

[16] Masnick, Mike. “Publishers and Authors Misguided Freakout Over Internet Archive’s Decision to Enable More Digital Book Checkouts During a Pandemic.” Techdirt, 31 March 2020, https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20200330/18125844202/publishers-authors-misguided-freakout-over-internet-archives-decision-to-enable-more-digital-book-checkouts-during-pandemic.shtml.

[17] Masnick also wrote: “One important thing to note: the scans of books that are part of the CDL effort are not great. They are images of actual book pages, and not anything like ebooks that are designed to be read nicely on a Kindle or whatnot. No one would choose a CDL book over a regular ebook if given the choice, because the experience is not nearly as good.”

[18] Freeland, Chris. “Impacts of the Temporary National Emergency Library and Controlled Digital Lending.” Internet Archive, 11 June 2020, http://blog.archive.org/2020/06/11/impacts-of-the-temporary-national-emergency-library/.

[19] Kahle, Brewster. “Temporary National Emergency Library to Close 2 Weeks Early, Returning to Traditional Controlled Digital Lending.” Internet Archive Blogs, 10 June 2020, http://blog.archive.org/2020/06/10/temporary-national-emergency-library-to-close-2-weeks-early-returning-to-traditional-controlled-digital-lending/.

Photo Credit: The Internet Archive

[t-baba]

A deep dive into the history of JavaScript

#479 — March 13, 2020

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JavaScript Weekly

JavaScript: The First 20 Years — Allen Wirfs-Brock and Brendan Eich (the creator of JavaScript) have written a paper for the forthcoming History of Programming Languages Conference about how our favorite ‘sidekick scripting language for Java’ was built and has grown. It’s long, goes deep into the tech and syntax development side of things, and is sure to be my main weekend reading.

Allen Wirfs-Brock

How I Made a '3D' Game in Only 2KB of JavaScript — This is one of those detailed, fun, ‘learn a few tricks’ type walkthroughs. I’ve always been fascinated how people pull off various effects in games and how they get their code down to such small sizes. A fun read.

Frank Force

Faster CI/CD for All Your Software Projects Using Buildkite — See how Shopify scaled from 300 to 1500 engineers while keeping their build times under 5 minutes.

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RedwoodJS: Bringing Full-Stack to the JAMstack — A new, opinionated framework that combines React, GraphQL, Prisma2, and lots more out of the box. Notably it comes from Tom Preston-Werner, one of the original founders of GitHub and the creator of Gravatar.

RedwoodJS

Why Svelte Is Our Choice for a Large Web Project in 2020 — A thorough analysis of the pros and cons of picking Svelte over, say, React or Vue.js right now.

Ryan Atkinson

Next.js 9.3 Released: The React Powered Site Building Framework — A minor point release of the popular Next framework can’t be a big deal, right? Wrong – the all new ‘Preview Mode’ (which is a game changer), smaller runtime, and new static site generation options really take things up a notch while still not introducing any breaking changes.

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📘 Articles & Tutorials

Aborting a Signal: How to Cancel an Asynchronous Task — Cancelling asynchronous tasks has always been tricky and while there’s now an official way to do so, it’s still not entirely straightforward. You might like Kyle Simpson’s CAF (Cancellable Async Flows) library to make the process easier.

Tomasz Jakut

Demystifying Async Programming in JavaScript — A lot to learn from this exploration for beginner and intermediate developers.

Yunchi Luo

Building with Web Components — The history and current state of Web Components in 2020.

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Designing the Perfect Typescript Schema Validation Library — Which, spoiler alert, has resulted in the creation of Zod, a schema validation library with static type inference.

Colin McDonnell

What is a Higher-Order Function? — You might have heard the term “higher-order function” thrown around in JS circles. This post uses some examples to attempt to define this concept.

Nick Scialli

Angular 9's Best Hidden Feature: Strict Template Checking — A lesser-known feature of Angular 9’s Ivy compiler: Find and report more errors than ever using something called ‘strict template checking.’

John Papa

How to Build a Native Desktop GIF Search App with NodeGui — Atul Ramachandran demonstrates how to install NodeGui (a Qt-driven desktop app library) and use it to build a “meme searcher.”

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Slow Code 'Hates Him'.. Optimizing a Web App from 1 to 60 FPS

Steven Waterman

Why I Don't Use Classes — “Instead of classes, I prefer modules that expose groups of functions that accept state and other dependencies.” This is a popular attitude in the JS space, to be fair.

Andy Peterson

Understanding Vue's Deep CSS Selector — Demonstrates how to use the ‘deep’ selector in Vue, a powerful tool for resolving certain CSS issues.

Marina Mosti

🔧 Code & Tools

Future-Proofing Firefox’s JavaScript Debugger Implementation — A run through some of the major improvements made to JavaScript debugging in the Firefox DevTools, including garbage collection, compartments, forced returns and exceptions.

Jim Blandy and Harald Kirschner (Mozilla)

Turndown 6.0: An HTML to Markdown Conversion Library — Used to be called to-markdown. Available in both Node and browser packageable forms.

Dom Christie

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Code Tour: VS Code Extension to Record and Playback Guided Code Walkthroughs — This looks really promising for teams that want to help new hires get familiar with certain features of a codebase, essentially replacing actual training sessions.

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sort-isostring: A Tiny Utility to Sort ISO 8601 Date Strings

Luke Edwards

Uid: A Tiny Utility to Generate Random IDs of Fixed Length — Generate randomized output strings of fixed length using lowercase alphanumeric characters, for Node and the browser.

Luke Edwards

on-change: Watch an Object or Array for Changes

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[ultrasfcb-blog]

World Cup 2018: Why England must take Joe Hart to Russia

World Cup 2018: Why England must take Joe Hart to Russia

World Cup 2018: Why England must take Joe Hart to Russia

Everyone who says Joe Hart is not good enough to go to this summer’s World Cup is missing the point – the West Ham goalkeeper is not England’s best number one any more, but he is our best number three.

Based on how well he is playing, of course Hart should not be on the plane to Russia. Out of all the regular goalkeepers in Europe’s top five leagues, there are only two with a worse shot-to-save ratio this season.

West Ham keeper Joe Hart has saved 53 of the 91 shots on target he has faced in the Premier League this season. Of the 125 goalkeepers to have faced 20 or more shots in Europe’s top five leagues – England, France, Spain, Italy and Germany – only two have a worse save % – Southampton’s Alex McCarthy with 56.6% and Alberto Brignoli of Italian side Benevento with 56.3%

Burnley’s Nick Pope, who realistically is Hart’s main rival for a place in the squad, is at the other end of that scale. While Hart has had a mostly miserable season and made several obvious errors, Pope has had an amazing one and been inspirational for his team.

But form is not the factor that England manager Gareth Southgate will be considering when he makes his decision about who will be back-up to Jordan Pickford and Jack Butland, despite everything Pope has going for him.

Nick Pope has the second-best save percentage in the Premier League this season, behind Manchester United goalkeeper David de Gea. He is ranked fifth in that statistic in Europe’s big five leagues.

The role of a third-choice keeper at a major tournament involves many things, but they hardly ever get on the pitch. Since 1934, only four out of the 435 teams to compete at World Cup finals have used all three of their keepers – and the last team to do it were Greece in 1994, after they had been eliminated.

Instead of looking for someone who might shine if they get a chance, Southgate will be looking for the right character and someone he can trust to support his team-mates and be a positive influence on the whole squad.

That is not playing down what the role entails, though. I have heard being the number three goalkeeper described as simply being a cheerleader but, having done it at a major finals myself, there is a heck of a lot more to it than that.

Yes, you are there to support the team, but you can be very influential while you do it. Do not underestimate the job by thinking Hart would just be going to Russia to help out in shooting practice.

Hart’s form irrelevant

Joe Hart watches as Peter Crouch pokes the ball home following a fumble from the England goalkeeper in West Ham’s draw with Stoke

It has been suggested that Hart is playing his way out of Southgate’s plans for Russia with performances like the one he put in against Stoke last week, when his fumble cost West Ham a goal with the England manager watching on.

I don’t think that is the case – nor does it matter that Hart cannot try to impress this weekend because he is ineligible to face Manchester City, his parent club.

The things Southgate wants to see are more to do with what he will get from Hart in a training camp with a tight-knit environment, and he knows that already.

If he makes it, these will be Hart’s fifth major finals and his third World Cup – he has been first choice at all of them apart from the 2010 World Cup, when he was third choice.

His experience will be invaluable to Pickford and Butland, who have played at several age-group finals but have been to only one tournament at senior level between them – in 2012, when John Ruddy’s broken finger in training saw Butland bumped up from the standby list.

Joe Hart has been in every squad Gareth Southgate has named as interim or permanent England manager since he took charge in September 2016. In the 16 games that Southgate has been England manager, Hart has played in 11 of them and the only competitive game he has not featured in was the win over Lithuania in October 2017 just after England had qualified for the World Cup

I know Southgate has shown himself to be a brave manager who is willing to make changes with some of his selections, but this is slightly different.

It comes down to personality, not ability, and, despite calling Pope up into his last squad in March, Southgate cannot be sure of what he is like when he is away for five or six weeks – especially compared to Hart.

In this situation I would expect him to go with what he knows.

Experience can improve the blend of the squad

If selected, much of Hart’s work in Russia could come with his fellow keepers on the training ground

The ranking of first, second and third keeper in any squad is usually clearly defined, and they will be this time too. I think Southgate will go for Pickford, Butland and Hart – in that order.

Unlike any of the outfield players, the third-choice keeper does not travel to any tournament expecting to play, so Hart will have no illusions there.

He will be aware of the dynamic that a group of keepers has at international level, and the part he has to play in it – which is to do everything he can to support the number one and number two during the tournament.

While the second choice is looking to excel in training and has to be ready to step in at almost any time, including during games, the number three – or 23 in terms of their usual shirt number – is usually in the stand during matches.

Rachel Brown-Finnis won 82 caps for England and went to six major tournaments. She was third choice at Euro 2001, second choice at Euro 2005, the 2011 World Cup and Euro 2013, and was England’s number one at the 2007 World Cup and Euro 2009

Hart will also be playing third fiddle to what the other two keepers need in training in the build-up to matches, but he is still important because of his knowledge – what he can suggest during those drills and also by offering some analysis and feedback before and afterwards.

He would also be Pickford’s confidant, and his go-to person for information on scenarios that the young Everton keeper has not been in before.

Although it is possible Pickford may not want to seek advice from Hart, it is not even an option for him with Butland and Pope as the other keepers.

I also think Hart would improve the blend of the whole squad. One of the things I like about Southgate is that he has given young players and new faces a chance, but an experienced older player can still bring something to the mix if they are still motivated.

I don’t know him personally but I am sure Hart’s attitude is right. Southgate knows him well and he would not consistently pick him otherwise. Put all that together and he is the best fit to be the number three.

Who will be England’s number one?

Joe Hart (second from left) has 75 England caps – the other three contenders have a total of nine between them. Jordan Pickford (far left) made his debut against Germany in November and won his second cap against the Netherlands in March. He is yet to concede a goal for the senior England team

I am a huge fan of Pope, and put him on my shortlist for the player of the season because of the impact he has had in his first campaign in the Burnley team.

While form is not important for the third-choice keeper, you could definitely argue that it should decide who is England’s number one.

On that basis, Pope who would be first choice, not fourth. He has played well consistently for the past few months too, not just recently.

England goalkeepers 2017-18 Games Clean sheets Goals conceded Shots on target faced Saves Save % Errors leading to goals Jack Butland 32 5 58 189 133 69.31 1 Joe Hart 19 4 39 91 53 57.14 4 Jordan Pickford 35 9 54 167 114 67.66 0 Nick Pope 32 10 28 134 106 79.1 0

But it appears goalkeeper distribution is something that matters a lot to Southgate too, because of the way he wants England to play.

That seems to give Pickford the edge, because he is excellent at it, and I would agree with that choice based on the same criteria that Southgate is using.

We do not see Butland play out from the back very often for Stoke, or Pope for Burnley. Hart has never really looked comfortable doing it, which is one of the reasons his career has stalled.

Pickford’s ability with his feet is his big strength over the other keepers but he is also extremely confident, which makes me think he is ready for this stage. He does not make many mistakes but I don’t think an error would faze him, which is crucial.

When Pickford joined Everton for £30m in June 2017, his manager during a loan spell at Preston, Simon Grayson, said: “He is vocal and he is a winner. He loves the pressure of being the best he can. He will be looking at the England situation at the moment and thinking the next port of call is to be England’s number one. We felt he could have played outfield with the quality of his feet.”

You could argue a case for each of the keepers I have mentioned, though.

It is unusual that England don’t have an established number one at this late stage before a World Cup, but I don’t see it as a problem – it is an exciting time.

Hart did not really have any sort of steady competition during the years he was number one, so it is refreshing for Pickford and Pope to emerge now as well as seeing Butland stay consistently fit.

That has coincided with Hart’s dip in form to produce the situation we are in. However, there is no need to panic.

We are not sure who will take the position long term, but we have some excellent goalkeepers to choose from.

Rachel Brown-Finnis was speaking to BBC Sport’s Chris Bevan.

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