#Inorganic Zinc Chemicals Industry Report

[reedintelligence]

Corrosion Protective Coatings Market market Report, Market Size, Share, Trends, Analysis By Forecast Period 2024-2032

The global corrosion protective coatings market was valued at USD 10.80 billion in 2023. It is estimated to reach USD 15.70 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 4.25% during the forecast period (2024–2032).

The latest Global Corrosion Protective Coatings Market by straits research provides an in-depth analysis of the Corrosion Protective Coatings Market, including its future growth potential and key factors influencing its trajectory. This comprehensive report explores crucial elements driving market expansion, current challenges, competitive landscapes, and emerging opportunities. It delves into significant trends, competitive strategies, and the role of key industry players shaping the global Corrosion Protective Coatings Market. Additionally, it provides insight into the regulatory environment, market dynamics, and regional performance, offering a holistic view of the global market’s landscape through 2032.

Competitive Landscape

Some of the prominent key players operating in the Corrosion Protective Coatings Market are 

Intercept Technology, Inc.

Chempace Corporation

Omnipure Filter Co., Inc.

Price-Driscoll Corp.

Nalco Water Pretreatment Solutions

Everkem Diversified Products

Edco Supply Corporation

Seacole Speciality Chemical

Mil-Spec Packaging of GA, Inc.

Askew Industrial Corp.

HPI Processes, Inc.

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The Corrosion Protective Coatings Market Research report delivers comprehensive annual revenue forecasts alongside detailed analysis of sales growth within the market. These projections, developed by seasoned analysts, are grounded in a deep exploration of the latest industry trends. The forecasts offer valuable insights for investors, highlighting key growth opportunities and industry potential. Additionally, the report provides a concise dashboard overview of leading organizations, showcasing their effective marketing strategies, market share, and the most recent advancements in both historical and current market landscapes.Global Corrosion Protective Coatings Market: Segmentation

The Corrosion Protective Coatings Market segmentation divides the market into multiple sub-segments based on product type, application, and geographical region. This segmentation approach enables more precise regional and country-level forecasts, providing deeper insights into market dynamics and potential growth opportunities within each segment.

By Type

Epoxy

Polyurethane

Alkyd

Inorganic Zinc

By Technology

Solvent- Borne

Waterborne

Powder Coating

By Industry

Marine

Oil and Gas

Automobile

Paper and Pulp Industry

Infrastructure

Power Generation

Others

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Market Highlights:

A company's revenue and the applications market are used by market analysts, data analysts, and others in connected industries to assess product values and regional markets.

But not limited to: reports from corporations, international Organization, and governments; market surveys; relevant industry news.

Examining historical market patterns, making predictions for the year 2022, as well as looking forward to 2032, using CAGRs (compound annual growth rates)

Historical and anticipated data on demand, application, pricing, and market share by country are all included in the study, which focuses on major markets such the United States, Europe, and China.

Apart from that, it sheds light on the primary market forces at work as well as the obstacles, opportunities, and threats that suppliers face. In addition, the worldwide market's leading players are profiled, together with their respective market shares.

Goals of the Study

What is the overall size and scope of the Corrosion Protective Coatings Market market?

What are the key trends currently influencing the market landscape?

Who are the primary competitors operating within the Corrosion Protective Coatings Market market?

What are the potential growth opportunities for companies in this market?

What are the major challenges or obstacles the market is currently facing?

What demographic segments are primarily targeted in the Corrosion Protective Coatings Market market?

What are the prevailing consumer preferences and behaviors within this market?

What are the key market segments, and how do they contribute to the overall market share?

What are the future growth projections for the Corrosion Protective Coatings Market market over the next several years?

How do regulatory and legal frameworks influence the market?

About Straits Research

Straits Research is dedicated to providing businesses with the highest quality market research services. With a team of experienced researchers and analysts, we strive to deliver insightful and actionable data that helps our clients make informed decisions about their industry and market. Our customized approach allows us to tailor our research to each client's specific needs and goals, ensuring that they receive the most relevant and valuable insights.

Contact Us

Email: sales@straitsresearch.com 

Tel: UK: +44 203 695 0070, USA: +1 646 905 0080

[123567-9qaaq9]

Transition Metal Oxide Sensor Market, Key Players, Market Size, Future Outlook | BIS Research 

A transition metal oxide (TMO) sensor is a type of gas sensor that utilizes the unique properties of transition metal oxides, such as zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO₂), and tin dioxide (SnO₂), to detect the presence of gasses in an environment. These sensors operate based on the change in electrical resistance of the metal oxide material when exposed to different gasses. When a target gas interacts with the surface of the oxide, it alters the electron density or oxygen ion concentration, leading to a measurable change in conductivity. 

The global Transition Metal Oxide Sensor  market for jewelry is projected to reach from $542.96 million in 2024 to reach $1,236.96 million by 2034. growing at a CAGR of 8.58% during the forecast period 2024-2034. 

Transition Metal Oxide Sensor Overview 

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are a class of inorganic compounds formed by the reaction of transition metals with oxygen. These materials exhibit a wide range of physical and chemical properties, such as high electrical conductivity, catalytic activity, magnetic behavior, and optical characteristics. 

Key Characteristics 

Electronic Properties- TMOs often possess semiconducting behavior due to the unique electronic configuration of transition metals, which have partially filled d-orbitals.

Catalytic Activities- Many TMOs act as catalysts or catalyst supports in chemical reactions, especially in oxidation processes, due to their ability to change oxidation states easily.

Magnetic Properties- Some TMOs, such as iron oxides, exhibit magnetic behavior, which makes them valuable in applications like data storage and biomedical imaging.

Optical Properties- TMOs like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide have notable optical properties, including high refractive indices and UV absorption, making them useful in solar cells and UV protection applications.

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Applications of Transition Metal Oxide Sensor Market 

Gas Sensing- TMOs are widely used in gas sensors because of their ability to detect various gasses by changing their electrical resistance upon gas adsorption

Catalysis- TMOs are effective in catalytic reactions for energy conversion, environmental remediation, and chemical production, such as in photocatalysis for water splitting and air purification.

Energy Storage- TMOs play a role in energy storage systems, including batteries and supercapacitors, where they contribute to high energy density and fast charge/discharge rates.

Electronics and Optoelectronics- Due to their semiconducting properties, TMOs are utilized in electronic devices, such as transistors, diodes, and thin-film coatings in optoelectronic devices like LEDs and photovoltaic cells.

Demand – Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities

Increasing demand for Environmental Monitoring 

Growth of Automotive and Transportation Industry 

Rising adoption in Industrial Safety 

Improved Sensor Efficiency and Lower Cost 

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Market Segmentation 

1 By Application 

Automotive Electronics

Energy

Environmental Monitoring

Industrial Safety

2 By Sensor Type 

Gas Sensors

Humidity Sensors

Temperature Sensors

Others

3 By Material Type 

Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Sensors

Nickel Oxide (NiO) Sensors

Cobalt Oxide (Co3O4) Sensors

4 By Region

North America 

Asia Pacific 

Europe 

Rest of the world 

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Conclusion

In conclusion, the transition metal oxide sensor market is poised for significant growth, driven by rising demand for efficient, sensitive, and cost-effective gas sensing technologies across various industries, including environmental monitoring, healthcare, automotive, and consumer electronics. The unique properties of transition metal oxides, such as high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability, make them ideal for detecting a broad range of gasses at various concentration levels.

[peterfernandas]

Zinc Nitrite Manufacturing Plant Project Report 2024: Industry trends and Plant Setup

Introduction

Zinc nitrite is an inorganic compound used in various applications, including the production of other zinc compounds, corrosion inhibitors, and as a nitrifying agent in the chemical industry. Its unique properties make it valuable across several sectors, including construction, automotive, and agriculture. With the increasing demand for zinc compounds in industrial applications, establishing a zinc nitrite manufacturing plant presents a significant business opportunity. This Zinc Nitrite Manufacturing Plant Project Report outlines the essential components necessary for setting up a successful manufacturing facility, including market analysis, production processes, equipment requirements, and financial projections.

Market Analysis

Industry Overview

The global market for zinc nitrite is expanding due to its widespread applications in various industries. The demand for corrosion-resistant materials, particularly in the automotive and construction sectors, is driving growth. Additionally, as environmental regulations become stricter, the need for effective corrosion inhibitors and sustainable chemical solutions is rising.

Target Market

The primary target market for zinc nitrite production includes:

Chemical Manufacturers: Companies that utilize zinc nitrite in the synthesis of other zinc compounds.

Construction Industry: Manufacturers of paints, coatings, and adhesives that require corrosion inhibitors.

Automotive Sector: Producers of vehicle components that need protective coatings to enhance durability.

Agriculture: Fertilizer manufacturers looking for effective nitrifying agents.

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Production Process

Raw Materials

The primary raw materials required for zinc nitrite production include:

Zinc Oxide: The main source of zinc for the synthesis of zinc nitrite.

Nitric Acid: A key reactant that provides the nitrite ion necessary for the formation of zinc nitrite.

Water: Used for the reaction and purification processes.

Manufacturing Steps

Preparation of Reactants: High-quality zinc oxide and nitric acid are sourced to ensure optimal reaction conditions.

Chemical Reaction: The production of zinc nitrite involves the reaction of zinc oxide with nitric acid. The reaction typically occurs in a controlled environment to prevent excessive heat and ensure complete conversion.ZnO+2HNO3→Zn(NO2)2+H2O\text{ZnO} + 2\text{HNO}_3 \rightarrow \text{Zn(NO}_2)_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O}ZnO+2HNO3​→Zn(NO2​)2​+H2​O

Neutralization: The resulting zinc nitrite solution may be neutralized if necessary to adjust the pH for further processing.

Crystallization: The zinc nitrite is then crystallized from the solution. This involves cooling the solution to promote the formation of solid zinc nitrite crystals.

Separation and Drying: The crystals are separated from the remaining solution through filtration or centrifugation. The separated zinc nitrite is then dried to obtain the final product in powder form.

Quality Control: Rigorous quality control measures are implemented throughout the production process to ensure that the final product meets industry standards and regulatory requirements.

Equipment Requirements

Establishing a zinc nitrite manufacturing plant requires specialized equipment, including:

Reactor Vessels: For conducting the chemical reactions between zinc oxide and nitric acid.

Filtration Units: For separating zinc nitrite crystals from the solution.

Centrifuges: To enhance the separation process.

Crystallizers: For promoting the crystallization of zinc nitrite.

Dryers: To remove moisture from the final product.

Quality Control Laboratory Equipment: For testing the purity and quality of the final product.

Facility Requirements

Location

Choosing an appropriate location for the manufacturing plant is critical. Proximity to raw material suppliers and access to transportation networks can help minimize operational costs and streamline distribution.

Space

The facility should have designated areas for:

Raw material storage

Production area

Crystallization and drying sections

Quality control laboratory

Finished product storage

Administrative offices

Utilities

Ensure the facility has access to essential utilities such as water, electricity, and waste management systems. Compliance with environmental regulations is vital for sustainable operations.

Financial Projections

Initial Investment

The initial investment required for establishing a zinc nitrite manufacturing plant can vary widely based on factors such as location, scale, and technology. Major cost components include:

Land and facility construction

Equipment procurement

Raw material costs

Labor and operational expenses

Regulatory compliance and marketing costs

Revenue Projections

With effective management, a zinc nitrite manufacturing plant can expect to break even within the first 3-5 years. Revenue can be generated through direct sales to chemical manufacturers, construction companies, and other industries requiring zinc nitrite.

Profitability

Profit margins in the chemical manufacturing sector can vary but typically range from 15-25%, depending on market demand and operational efficiency.

Marketing Strategy

To effectively market zinc nitrite, consider the following strategies:

Brand Development: Establish a strong brand identity that emphasizes the quality and effectiveness of the product.

Industry Networking: Attend trade shows and conferences to build relationships with potential clients in the chemical and construction sectors.

Digital Marketing: Utilize online platforms to promote products and reach a broader audience.

Educational Campaigns: Conduct campaigns to inform industries about the benefits and applications of zinc nitrite.

FAQ

1. What is zinc nitrite used for?

Zinc nitrite is primarily used as a corrosion inhibitor, a nitrifying agent in fertilizers, and in the production of other zinc compounds.

2. How is zinc nitrite produced?

Zinc nitrite is produced by reacting zinc oxide with nitric acid, followed by crystallization and drying processes.

3. What safety concerns are associated with zinc nitrite manufacturing?

Safety concerns include handling hazardous chemicals and managing emissions. Strict safety protocols and proper equipment are essential to mitigate risks.

4. What are the startup costs for a zinc nitrite manufacturing plant?

Startup costs can vary significantly based on location and scale, typically including land, equipment, raw materials, and labor. A detailed business plan will help estimate these costs accurately.

5. Can zinc nitrite be sold internationally?

Yes, zinc nitrite can be sold internationally, but compliance with various regulatory standards in different countries is essential for successful export and market entry.

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[lalsingh228-blog]

Antimicrobial Additives Market Projected to Show Strong Growth

Global Antimicrobial Additives Market Report from AMA Research highlights deep analysis on market characteristics, sizing, estimates and growth by segmentation, regional breakdowns & country along with competitive landscape, player’s market shares, and strategies that are key in the market. The exploration provides a 360° view and insights, highlighting major outcomes of the industry. These insights help the business decision-makers to formulate better business plans and make informed decisions to improved profitability. In addition, the study helps venture or private players in understanding the companies in more detail to make better informed decisions. Major Players in This Report Include, BASF SE (Germany), The Dow Chemical Company (United States), LyondellBasell Industries Holdings B.V. (United States), RTP Company (United States), Addmaster Limited (United Kingdom), Biocote Limited (United Kingdom), Microban International (United States), Clariant AG (Switzerland), Polyone Corporation (United States), Momentive Performance Materials Inc. (United States). Free Sample Report + All Related Graphs & Charts @: https://www.advancemarketanalytics.com/sample-report/41292-global-antimicrobial-additives-market Antimicrobial additives inhibit the growth of microorganisms in the end products. Antimicrobial additives possess properties such as chemical stability, heat & chemical resistance, and high dimensional stability. Growing population and urbanization are likely to escalate the demand for antimicrobial additives over the forecast period owing to rapidly expanding end-use sectors. Furthermore, the continuously increasing demand for packaging and healthcare products to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic will positively impact market growth. The Asia Pacific is expected to dominate the market as the region has some of the major healthcare product manufacturers. Market Drivers

High Demand for Advanced Healthcare Services across the Globe

Growing Awareness about Health-Related Issues among Consumers

Increasing Use of Silver-Based Products as Antimicrobial Additives

Market Trend

Technological Advancements in the Chemical Industries

Opportunities

Untapped Opportunities for the Use of Antimicrobial Additives in Agriculture and Cosmetics Industry

Strong Growth Opportunities in Emerging Markets

Challenges

Fluctuating Raw Material Prices

Enquire for customization in Report @: https://www.advancemarketanalytics.com/enquiry-before-buy/41292-global-antimicrobial-additives-market In this research study, the prime factors that are impelling the growth of the Global Antimicrobial Additives market report have been studied thoroughly in a bid to estimate the overall value and the size of this market by the end of the forecast period. The impact of the driving forces, limitations, challenges, and opportunities has been examined extensively. The key trends that manage the interest of the customers have also been interpreted accurately for the benefit of the readers. The Antimicrobial Additives market study is being classified by Type (Organic (OBPA, DCOIT), Inorganic (Silver, Copper, Zinc)), Application (Plastics, Paints & Coatings, Pulp & Paper, Others), Industry Verticals (Healthcare, Food & Beverage, Packaging, Automotive, Textile, Others (Consumer Goods, Construction)), Distribution Channel (Direct, Indirect) The report concludes with in-depth details on the business operations and financial structure of leading vendors in the Global Antimicrobial Additives market report, Overview of Key trends in the past and present are in reports that are reported to be beneficial for companies looking for venture businesses in this market. Information about the various marketing channels and well-known distributors in this market was also provided here. This study serves as a rich guide for established players and new players in this market. Get Reasonable Discount on This Premium Report @ https://www.advancemarketanalytics.com/request-discount/41292-global-antimicrobial-additives-market Extracts from Table of Contents Antimicrobial Additives Market Research Report Chapter 1 Antimicrobial Additives Market Overview Chapter 2 Global Economic Impact on Industry Chapter 3 Global Market Competition by Manufacturers Chapter 4 Global Revenue (Value, Volume*) by Region Chapter 5 Global Supplies (Production), Consumption, Export, Import by Regions Chapter 6 Global Revenue (Value, Volume*), Price* Trend by Type Chapter 7 Global Market Analysis by Application ………………….continued This report also analyzes the regulatory framework of the Global Markets Antimicrobial Additives Market Report to inform stakeholders about the various norms, regulations, this can have an impact. It also collects in-depth information from the detailed primary and secondary research techniques analyzed using the most efficient analysis tools. Based on the statistics gained from this systematic study, market research provides estimates for market participants and readers. Contact US : Craig Francis (PR & Marketing Manager) AMA Research & Media LLP Unit No. 429, Parsonage Road Edison, NJ New Jersey USA – 08837 Phone: +1 201 565 3262, +44 161 818 8166 sales@advancemarketanalytics.com

[essentialoilsmanufacturar]

Tips for Sunscreen: Diminishing White Cast

We are here to provide the best quality of Cosmetics Products Manufacturer & Wholesale Exporter at over the world. AG Organica With growing awareness and The once-common practice of marketing products exclusively to a certain gender is giving way to a growing trend of unisex products that serve the demands of both sexes. We are also Sunscreen Cream Manufacturer and Wholesale Supplier since 1990.

Even in the winter months, everyone needs protection from ultraviolet radiation. Unfortunately, the most popular sunscreen on the market, inorganic sunscreen, leaves a white cast. Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are to blame for this. A white cast is inevitable when wearing an inorganic sunscreen, however it can be minimized. Here are several suggestions from the makeup profession to lessen the white cast of sunscreen.

Applying Inorganic Sunscreen: A Guide

AG Organica predicts that skincare products will also be used as makeup. Based on a new Mintel report, the beauty market is likely to witness a significant growth in the following year for hybrid cosmetics with skincare benefits.

AG Organica is one of the top company for Cosmetic Products.We are the leading cosmetics Manufacturer,bulk supplier,offering an extensive range of high-quality skincare, makeup, and haircare products at competitive prices. Our commitment to excellence and seamless bulk ordering process ensures that retailers and professionals thrive in their businesses. AG Organica stands out as a leading Private Label Cosmetics Manufacturer, offering a comprehensive range of services to meet the diverse needs of businesses in the cosmetic industry. With a stellar reputation as a Cosmetic Manufacturer, Private Label Cosmetics Supplier, and more, AG Organica is dedicated to producing high-quality products that cater to the ever-evolving demands of the market.

Applying inorganic sunscreen fifteen minutes before going outside in the sun is recommended. This lessens the white residue left by the sunscreen as the skin absorbs it. In addition to waiting fifteen minutes, apply sunscreen with a pat, never rubbing it in. Researchers from Britain have discovered that applying sunscreen vigorously lessens its protective properties. Applying sunscreen not only lessens the appearance of a white cast but also lessens the infiltration of free radicals, which are the particles responsible for skin cancer.

Put on complimentary sunscreens

Consider using tinted sunscreen to prevent white cast. Sunscreens with an organic tint, or one that uses carbon compounds instead of metallic minerals, avoid the white caste that inorganic materials leave behind and instead provide a radiant, healthy-looking glow. The best part is that there is an organic sunscreen to match every skin tone.

Avobenzone, octinoxate, and oxybenzone-containing chemical sunscreens, in addition to inorganic and organic sunscreens, don't produce a white cast. Chemical sunscreens are accepted by the American Academy of Dermatology and are absorbed into the skin. Rather than preventing UV light, they absorb it.

This fall, chemical sunscreens might be the best option. AG Organica Sunscreenoil works by absorbing UV radiation to provide protection from the sun. These sunscreens typically have an SPF of 15 to 30. They provide defense against VB as well as SUVA. Another approach to avoid looking ghostly is to use gel sunscreen. They are composed of sulphonic acid, avobenzone, phenyl benzimidazole, and octyl methoxycinnamate. Clear gel sunscreen applies without producing a white tint.

For more information contact us:

Mob. +91 8929 440 683

Email Id: bdm01@pureoilsindia.com

Website: https://www.pureoilsindia.com/cosmetics-manufacturer

[pearlsmith25]

Zinc Carbonate Market Strategic Insights of Developing Industry by Top Growing Prominent Players Profile

Zinc carbonate is an inorganic compound that occurs naturally as the mineral smithsonite. It is a white crystalline solid that is commonly used in various industries due to its unique properties. The zinc carbonate market refers to the global market for this compound, including its production, consumption, trends, and key players. Here is some information about the zinc carbonate market: Market Overview: The zinc carbonate market is driven by its wide range of applications in industries such as rubber, ceramics, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and others. It is primarily used as a raw material for the production of zinc compounds, which find applications in diverse sectors. Production: Zinc carbonate is produced through the reaction of zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide with carbon dioxide. It can also be obtained as a byproduct during the processing of zinc ore. The compound is manufactured in both natural and synthetic forms. Applications: • Rubber Industry: Zinc carbonate is used as an activator in rubber formulations to enhance the cross-linking process and improve the mechanical properties of rubber products. • Ceramics Industry: It is used as a fluxing agent to reduce the firing temperature and enhance the glaze properties in ceramic manufacturing. • Chemicals Industry: Zinc carbonate serves as a raw material for the production of various zinc compounds like zinc oxide, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, and zinc phosphate, which have applications in industries such as paints, pigments, and fertilizers. • Pharmaceuticals: It is used in certain medications and supplements as a source of zinc, which is an essential mineral for human health. • Other Applications: Zinc carbonate finds use in areas like wastewater treatment, cosmetics, and catalysts. Market Trends and Drivers: Growing Demand for Rubber Products: The increasing demand for rubber products in industries such as automotive, construction, and healthcare is driving the demand for zinc carbonate. Advancements in Ceramic Manufacturing: With technological advancements and the need for high-performance ceramics, the demand for zinc carbonate as a fluxing agent is expected to grow. Environmental Regulations: Stringent regulations regarding wastewater treatment and air pollution control are creating opportunities for the use of zinc carbonate in these applications. Emerging Markets: The market for zinc carbonate is expanding in developing regions due to industrialization, urbanization, and rising consumer demand. Key Players: The zinc carbonate market is characterized by the presence of several global and regional players. Some of the key players in the market include: American Elements Bruggemann Chemical Zincore Metals American Chemet Corporation GHC Limited Zinc Nacional Regional Analysis: The zinc carbonate market is geographically segmented into North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa. Asia Pacific is expected to dominate the market due to the presence of major manufacturing industries and increasing industrial activities in countries like China and India. Challenges: • Fluctuating Zinc Prices: The market is influenced by the volatility of zinc prices, which can impact the overall cost of zinc carbonate. • Environmental Concerns: Zinc carbonate is classified as hazardous, and its production and usage must comply with environmental regulations, which can pose challenges for manufacturers. It's important to note that market dynamics can change over time due to various factors such as technological advancements, economic conditions, and regulatory changes. For the most up-to-date information on the zinc carbonate market, it is recommended to refer to market research reports, industry publications, and consult with industry experts.

[nehasharmamine]

Global Inorganic Zinc Chemicals Market Situation and Prospects Forecasts to 2026

Global Inorganic Zinc Chemicals Market Situation and Prospects Forecasts to 2026

The latest trending report Global Inorganic Zinc Chemicals Market 2021 by Manufacturers Regions Type and Application Forecast to 2026 offered by DecisionDatabases.com is an informative study covering the market with detailed analysis. The report will assist reader with better understanding and decision making. The Inorganic Zinc Chemicals market report provides a detailed analysis of global…

[lupinepublishers]

Lupine Publishers | Poultry Meat

Scholarly Journal of Food and Nutrition (SJFN)

Introduction

Chicken meat and its products are important for human diet in all over the world because they contribute to solve the global food problems and provide the well-known protein, fat, essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients and they also have a milder flavor which is more readily complemented with flavoring and sauces. Environmental pollution by heavy metals is considered as one of the most serious problems in the world over the last few decades. Emissions of heavy metals to the environment occur via a wide range of pathways, including air, water and soil, threatening the animal and human health and quality of the environment. Heavy metal toxicity could be present in different ways depending on its route of ingestion, its chemical form, dose, tissue affinity, age and sex, as well as whether exposure is acute or chronic and. Nowadays, poultry feed is produced from various raw materials such as fish by-products that can transfer heavy metals to poultry feed in undesirable levels following collecting them from contaminated waters, that may lead to increase of trace metals in chicken and chicken products with a serious threat because of their toxicity, bioaccumulation and biomagnifications in the food chain.

The main heavy metals of concern are lead, cadmium, copper, mercury and arsenic which at even low concentrations pose serious health hazard to primary and secondary consumers due to bio magnifications. The effects of metals and metalloids are partly due to the direct inhibition of enzymatic systems and, also to the indirect alteration of the essential metal ion equilibrium. Majority of the known metals and metalloids are very toxic to living organisms and even those considered as essential can be toxic if present in excess. Moreover, owing to their toxicity persistence and tendency to accumulate, heavy metals when occurring in higher concentrations, become severe toxic for human being and all living organisms through alteration of physiological activities and biochemical parameters in blood and tissues, and through defects in cellular uptake mechanisms in the mammalian liver and kidney, inhibiting hepatic and renal sulfate / bicarbonate transporter causing sulfaturia.

Lead is an accumulative poison; it has hematological effect due to the inhibition of hemoglobin synthesis and shortening life span of circulating erythrocytes resulting in anemia. It has a toxic and damage effects leading to reduction of the cognitive development and intellectual performance in children; increase blood pressure; damage of the brain and kidneys; cardiovascular and reproductive diseases in adults.

Cadmium is used extensively in the mining and electroplating industries and found in fertilizes and fungicides. It is a very toxic heavy metal, which accumulates inside the body particularly kidneys and chronic exposure may induce heart diseases, anemia, skeletal weakness, depressed immune system response, kidney and liver diseases; cancer and death.

Copper is an essential element for man and animals. It is required for normal biological activity of several enzymes and it added to poultry diets with manganese and zinc (premix) to enhance their weight gain and disease prevention. Meanwhile, ingestion of excessive doses of copper may lead to adverse health problems, such as severe nausea, bloody diarrhea, hypotension, liver and kidney damage.

Arsenic is a metalloid that occurs in inorganic and organic forms and is found in the environment, both naturally occurring and as a result of human activity. The inorganic forms of arsenic are more toxic than organic ones. However, so far, most of the data regarding arsenic occurrence in food, gathered under the official control of foodstuff, is still reported as total arsenic, without differentiating the various types of arsenic in the diet. It has a toxic effects includes decrease in hemoglobin, packed cell volume, erythrocytic count and total leukocytic counts, heterophils and lymphocytes.

The presence of the residual agro-chemicals in foods is detrimental to human health and the accumulation of foreign chemicals such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, copper and mercury in human system has been linked to immune-suppression, hypersensitivity to chemical agents, liver and kidney damage, breast cancer, reduce sperm count and infertility, respiratory distress DNA alteration and death in extreme cases. Considering the fact that chicken meat and its products can contain some toxic heavy metals and therefore exposure to the toxic trace metals will be gained through consumption of these products, the accurate determination of them has been focused by researchers in last decades, worldwide.

For more Scholarly Journal of Food and Nutrition (SJFN)

Please Click Here: https://lupinepublishers.com/food-and-nutri-journal/index.php

[newsresearch]

Zinc Chemicals Market Astonishing Growth with Top Influencing Key players

Zinc chemicals market will reach an estimated valuation of USD 15.61 Billion by 2027, while registering this growth at a rate of 5.60% for the forecast period of 2020 to 2027. Zinc chemicals are inorganic compounds manufactured from two different processes such as direct and indirect.

Major Market Competitors: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

Some of the major players in zinc chemicals market Akrochem, American Chemet Corporation, Bruggemannchemical, GHC, Hakusuitech, Numinor, Pan-Continental Chemical, Rech Chemical

Rubamin, Seyang Zinc Technology, Toho Zinc, Transpek-Silox, US Zinc, Uttam Industries, Weifang Longda Zinc Industry, Zinc Oxide Llc and many more.

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Zinc oxide produced by the indirect process is pure than that through the direct process. There is a growing demand for zinc chemicals in rubber compounding, agriculture, glass & ceramics, paints & coatings, chemicals, food & pharmaceuticals and textiles activates, which is expected to be one of the major drivers of the market over the next seven years.

Market Segmentation: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

The zinc chemicals market is segmented on the basis of type into zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc carbonate, zinc chloride and others.

·         On the basis of application, the market is segmented into rubber compounding, agriculture, glass & ceramics, paints & coatings, chemicals, food & pharmaceuticals, textiles and others.

·         On the basis of geography, the zinc chemicals market report covers data points for 28 countries across multiple geographies such as North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Middle East & Africa.

Competitive Landscape: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

The global zinc chemicals market is fragmented with the presence of a large number of players across different regions. These major players have adopted various organic as well as inorganic growth strategies such as mergers & acquisitions, new product launches, expansions, agreements, joint ventures, partnerships, and others to strengthen their position in this market.

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Major Market Drivers:

·         Growth in Automotive sector in Asia-Pacific

·         Demand for zinc chemicals in the agriculture industry

·         Growing glass & ceramics sector

Market Restraint:                  

·         Falling usage of zinc chemicals in paints & coatings

·         High prices of zinc chemicals

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[marketresearchanalysis]

Zinc Chemicals Market Research Report with Outlook, Strategies, Challenges, Geography Trends

Zinc chemicals market will reach an estimated valuation of USD 15.61 Billion by 2027, while registering this growth at a rate of 5.60% for the forecast period of 2020 to 2027. Zinc chemicals are inorganic compounds manufactured from two different processes such as direct and indirect.

Major Market Competitors: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

Some of the major players in zinc chemicals market Akrochem, American Chemet Corporation, Bruggemannchemical, GHC, Hakusuitech, Numinor, Pan-Continental Chemical, Rech Chemical

Rubamin, Seyang Zinc Technology, Toho Zinc, Transpek-Silox, US Zinc, Uttam Industries, Weifang Longda Zinc Industry, Zinc Oxide Llc and many more.

Download PDF Sample report @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=global-zinc-chemicals-market

Zinc oxide produced by the indirect process is pure than that through the direct process. There is a growing demand for zinc chemicals in rubber compounding, agriculture, glass & ceramics, paints & coatings, chemicals, food & pharmaceuticals and textiles activates, which is expected to be one of the major drivers of the market over the next seven years.

Market Segmentation: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

The zinc chemicals market is segmented on the basis of type into zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc carbonate, zinc chloride and others.

·         On the basis of application, the market is segmented into rubber compounding, agriculture, glass & ceramics, paints & coatings, chemicals, food & pharmaceuticals, textiles and others.

·         On the basis of geography, the zinc chemicals market report covers data points for 28 countries across multiple geographies such as North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Middle East & Africa.

Competitive Landscape: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

The global zinc chemicals market is fragmented with the presence of a large number of players across different regions. These major players have adopted various organic as well as inorganic growth strategies such as mergers & acquisitions, new product launches, expansions, agreements, joint ventures, partnerships, and others to strengthen their position in this market.

Inquiry Before Buying @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/inquire-before-buying/?dbmr=global-zinc-chemicals-market          

Major Market Drivers:

·         Growth in Automotive sector in Asia-Pacific

·         Demand for zinc chemicals in the agriculture industry

·         Growing glass & ceramics sector

Market Restraint:                  

·         Falling usage of zinc chemicals in paints & coatings

·         High prices of zinc chemicals

About Us:

Data Bridge Market Research set forth itself as an unconventional and neoteric Market research and consulting firm with unparalleled level of resilience and integrated approaches. We are determined to unearth the best market opportunities and foster efficient information for your business to thrive in the market. Data Bridge Market Research provides appropriate solutions to the complex business challenges and initiates an effortless decision-making process.

Contact:

Data Bridge Market Research

US: +1 888 387 2818   

Related Reports:

Transmission Fluids Market

Tight Gas Market

[kelvindbmr]

Zinc Chemicals Market Size Global Gathering and Future Outlook 2020 to 2027

Zinc chemicals market will reach an estimated valuation of USD 15.61 Billion by 2027, while registering this growth at a rate of 5.60% for the forecast period of 2020 to 2027. Zinc chemicals are inorganic compounds manufactured from two different processes such as direct and indirect.

Major Market Competitors: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

Some of the major players in zinc chemicals market Akrochem, American Chemet Corporation, Bruggemannchemical, GHC, Hakusuitech, Numinor, Pan-Continental Chemical, Rech Chemical

Rubamin, Seyang Zinc Technology, Toho Zinc, Transpek-Silox, US Zinc, Uttam Industries, Weifang Longda Zinc Industry, Zinc Oxide Llc and many more.

Download PDF Sample report @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=global-zinc-chemicals-market

Zinc oxide produced by the indirect process is pure than that through the direct process. There is a growing demand for zinc chemicals in rubber compounding, agriculture, glass & ceramics, paints & coatings, chemicals, food & pharmaceuticals and textiles activates, which is expected to be one of the major drivers of the market over the next seven years.

Market Segmentation: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

The zinc chemicals market is segmented on the basis of type into zinc oxide, zinc sulfate, zinc carbonate, zinc chloride and others.

·         On the basis of application, the market is segmented into rubber compounding, agriculture, glass & ceramics, paints & coatings, chemicals, food & pharmaceuticals, textiles and others.

·         On the basis of geography, the zinc chemicals market report covers data points for 28 countries across multiple geographies such as North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Middle East & Africa.

Competitive Landscape: Global Zinc Chemicals Market

The global zinc chemicals market is fragmented with the presence of a large number of players across different regions. These major players have adopted various organic as well as inorganic growth strategies such as mergers & acquisitions, new product launches, expansions, agreements, joint ventures, partnerships, and others to strengthen their position in this market.

Inquiry Before Buying @ https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/inquire-before-buying/?dbmr=global-zinc-chemicals-market          

Major Market Drivers:

·         Growth in Automotive sector in Asia-Pacific

·         Demand for zinc chemicals in the agriculture industry

·         Growing glass & ceramics sector

Market Restraint:                  

·         Falling usage of zinc chemicals in paints & coatings

·         High prices of zinc chemicals

 About Us:

Data Bridge Market Research set forth itself as an unconventional and neoteric Market research and consulting firm with unparalleled level of resilience and integrated approaches. We are determined to unearth the best market opportunities and foster efficient information for your business to thrive in the market. Data Bridge Market Research provides appropriate solutions to the complex business challenges and initiates an effortless decision-making process.

Contact:

Data Bridge Market Research

US: +1 888 387 2818   

Related Reports:

Transmission Fluids Market

Tight Gas Market

[millioninsights]

Global High Performance Alloys Market is expected to reach USD 11.34 billion by 2024

Global High Performance Alloys Market is expected to reach USD 11.34 billion by 2024. High performance alloys is also termed as super alloy that are resistant to thermal creep deformation, excellent mechanical energy, resistance to oxidation or corrosion, and suitable floor stability. These alloys have chemical and superior physical properties as compared to standard alloys. Industries for enhanced operational performance such as power generation, oil and gas and many others mainly use high performance alloys. The high performance alloys market is estimated to grow at a significant CAGR of 4.7% over the future period as the scope and its applications are rising enormously across the globe. ​ High resistance to heat and corrosion, raising demand from end-use manufacturers in emerging countries, growing industrialization, and increasing technological enhancement are documented as major factors of high performance alloys industry that are estimated to enhance the growth in the years to come. High performance alloys industry is segmented based on type, product type, material type, application, and region. Cast alloy and wrought alloy are the major types that could be explored in high performance alloys in the forecast period. Super alloys, non-ferrous metal, refractory, platinum group, and other product types could be explored in high performance alloys in the forecast period. The non-ferrous sector estimated to lead the overall market with largest share. As, recycling capabilities and high consumption of non-ferrous scrap in industrial activities. In terms of volume, the high performance alloys market is estimated to grow at highest CAGR of 4.0% in the future period. Brass, nickel, lead, zinc, copper, aluminum, and tin are the non-ferrous alloys. The alloys of these metals have outstanding thermal stability, lighter in weight, resistant to corrosion, malleable, and gives eminent strength at high temperature. Material required for high performance alloys are magnesium, aluminum, titanium, and others that could be explored in the foremost period. Others segment includes molybdenum, nickel, and cobalt. The high performance alloys industry may be categorized based on applications like electrical & electronics, aerospace, oil & gas, industrial gas turbine, automotive, industrial, and others. Aerospace sector accounted for the largest market share. This may be because of high demand for materials that can resist high temperature and have a projecting strength-to-weight ratio. These alloys are used to manufacture aircraft components like rings and airframe parts, blades, engine cases, disc, and others. Globally, North America accounted for the largest market share of high performance alloys market and is estimated to lead the overall market in the coming years. The reason behind the overall market growth could be high demand from aerospace & defense industry and rebuilding of the oil & gas industry. In addition, elevating fuel efficiency and reducing emissions and presence of component manufacturers and significant aircraft will positively affect in the overall market growth. The United States is a major consumer of high performance alloys in this region. Instead, Europe and the Asia Pacific are also estimated to have a positive influence on the future growth. Europe is the second largest region with significant market share. However, in terms of revenue, Asia Pacific is estimated to grow at fastest pace with the highest CAGR of 5.9% in the foremost period. The aspects that may be ascribed to the growth comprise expanding aerospace industry, raising production of automobiles, and increasing gross domestic product (GDP) of the developing countries. The developing countries like India and China are the major consumers of high performance alloys in this region. The key players of high performance alloys industry are SMPO-AVISMA Corporation, Ape ram SA, Timken Company, Alcoa Inc., Precision Castparts Corporation, Allegheny Technologies Incorporated, Out okumpu, Carpenter Technology, Hitachi Metals Ltd., and Haynes International Inc. These players are concentrating on inorganic growth to sustain themselves amongst fierce competition. As such, mergers, acquisitions, and joint ventures are the need of the hour. Browse full research report: https://www.millioninsights.com/industry-reports/high-performance-alloys-market Download free request sample: https://www.millioninsights.com/industry-reports/high-performance-alloys-market/request-sample

[juniperpublishers-sciences]

Effect of Nickel Chloride on the Growth and Biochemical Characteristics of Phaseolus Mungol-Juniper Publishers

Abstract

The effect of heavy metal nickel chloride on germination, growth and biochemical parameters of Phaseolusmungo L. was studied. Application of various concentrations from 3mM to 15mM decreased the percentage of growth, pigment content and increased the content of amino acid and proline. It was found to be decreased when compared to the respective control grown with nutrient medium. The present study demonstrated that the heavy metal nickel had adversely affected the growth and biochemical parameters of the plant Phaseolusmungo L.

Keywords: Germination; Biochemical paramters; Heavy metal

Go to

Introduction

The accumulation of heavy metal in soil is becoming a serious problem as a result of industrial and agricultural practices and also a major cause for pollution today. Fertilizers from sewage sludge, mining waste and paper mills all contribute to the continuous deposition of heavy metals into soils. Another point of concern is the effect of leaching on these contaminated sites which in turn contaminate water tables [1]. Living organisms require a trace amount of some heavy metals which include copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) and are often referred to as essential elements [2]. However there are some non-essential heavy metals which are of great concern due to their presence in areas of heavy metal pollution such as chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) [3]. The capacity of plants to concentrate metals has usually been considered a detrimental trait since some plants are directly or indirectly responsible for a proportion of the dietary uptake of toxic heavy metals by humans [4]. The dietary intake of heavy metals through consumption of contaminated crop plants can have long-term effects on human health [5].

Heavy metals are defined as metal with density higher than 5gcm3. Fifty three of the ninety naturally occurring elements are heavy metals and these are metallic elements which have a high atomic weight and density much greater than water. They are natural constituents of the earth' crust and are present in varying concentration in an all ecosystems. Based on their solubility under physiological conditions, seventeen heavy metals may be available for living cells and of importance for organisms and ecosystems. Among these metals, Fe, Mo and Mn are important as micronutrients. Zn, Ni, Cu, Co and Cr are toxic elements. As, Hg, Ag, Sb, Cd and Pb have no known functions as nutrients and seem to be more or less toxic to plants and microorganisms [6].

A plants response to heavy metal exposure varies depending on plant species, tissue and stage of development. Metal concentration and type of metal triggering is a series of defense mechanism which involve enzymatic and non- enzymatic components [1]. Plant tolerance to heavy metals depends largely on plant efficiency in the uptake, translocation, and further sequestration of heavy metal in specialized tissues or in trichomes and organelles such as vacuoles. The uptake of metals depends on their bioavailability, and plants have evolved mechanisms to make micronutrients bioavailable. Chelators such as siderophores, organic acids, and phenolics can help to release metal cations from soil particles, and also increasing their bioavailability. For example, organic acids (malate, citrate) excreted by plants act as metal chelators. By lowering the pH around the root, organic acids increase the bioavailability of metal cations. However, organic acids may also inhibit metal uptake by forming a complex with the metal outside the root. Citrate inhibition of aluminum (Al) uptake and resulting Al tolerance in several plant species is an example of this mechanism. Copper tolerance in Arabidopsis is also the result of a similar mechanism. The presence of rhizosphere microbes may also affect plant uptake of inorganics. For example, rhizosphere bacteria can enhance plant uptake of mercury and selenium. However, the exact mechanisms of these plant-microbe interactions are largely unknown. It is possible that the microbe mediated enhanced uptake will be either due to a stimulatory effect on root growth or to microbial production of metabolites that could affect plant gene expression of transporter proteins, or to a microbial effect on the bioavailability of the element.

Nickel (Ni) is an essential element that can be toxic and possibly carcinogenic in high concentrations. Ni is ubiquitously distributed in nature. It is found in different concentrations in all soil types of diverse climatic regions [7]. Naturally derived soils from serpentine rocks are rich in Ni, but due to various industrial and anthropogenic activities such as mining, refining of Ni ores, burning of fossil fuels and residual oil and sewage sludge, other areas have also become prone to Ni contamination [8]. The normal range of Ni in soil is 2 to 750ppm, with a critical soil concentration at 100ppm [9]. Exposure to Ni compounds causes irreversible damage to the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, lungs and gastrointestinal tract Nickel has been classified among the essential micronutrients and remains associated with some metallo-enzymes, but Ni is toxic at elevated concentrations in plants [7].

Nickel has a role in nitrogen metabolism that may stimulate plant growth and seed germination. In plants, Ni is responsible for chlorosis, yellowing and necrosis of leaves, deformation of plant parts, stunted growth and generation of free radicals [10]. One of the most persuasive ecological explanations for hyper accumulation of Ni and other toxic metals appears to be the defensive role against herbivores or pathogens. This function, which might be similar in other hyper accumulators, can be improved if the metal is localized in the outer layers of leaves and roots. Like in other Ni accumulators, such as Hybanthusfloribundus, Seneciocoronatus and Thlaspimontanum variety Siskiyouense, and A. bertolonii, Ni has been evidenced in leaf epidermal cells as a red stained nickel-dimethyl glyoxime complex [11,12]. Several Alyssum species are known to hyper accumulate nickel. These species can potentially be used to remediate Ni-contaminated soils.

At the same time there is convincing evidence of excess supply of nickel producing phytotoxic effects. Heavy metals accumulated in soil can affect flora, fauna and human livings in the vicinity of contaminated sites. The most of nickel is used to make stainless steel as a productive and ornamental coating for less corrosion. Nickel alloys are used in making coins and heat exchange items like valves. Nickel is combined with many other elements, including chlorine, sulfur and oxygen. Nickel compounds are used in plating, coloring ceramics making some batteries and as chemical reaction catalysts for dies, molds, cast propellers and valve seats. The problem of nickel toxicity acquires a series concern because of agriculture use of sewage sludge that is usually rich in nickel [13] and the industrial use of nickel production of Ni - Cd batteries which lead to discharge of nickel effluents.

Plant subjected to excess supply of nickel accelerates generation of toxic oxygen species leading to oxidative stress [14] and induces physiological water stress [15]. Excess nickel was reported to affect a number of biological and physiological processes resulting in an inhibition of plant growth [16,17].

Go to

Material and Methods

Seeds of Phaseolusmungo L. (Black gram) were procured from local seed centre, Thiruthangal. The healthy and viable seeds of Phaseolusmungo L. were surface sterilized with 0.1% of mercuric chloride for one minute and washed with running tap water followed by distilled water. The seeds were soaked in distilled water for 2 hours. Both control and experimental seeds were allowed to grow in plastic trough containing uniform amount of sandy soil. Seedlings were allowed to grow in half-strength of Hoagland nutrient solution for seven days. After seven days, the seedling were treated with different concentration of nickel chloride (3mM, 6mM, 9mM, 12mM and 15mM w/v) with half-strength of Hoagland nutrient solution, by keeping one trough without treatment as control. After seven days of metal treatment (on 15th day after germination) various morphometric and biochemical characters were analyzed.

For all morphometric characteristics, ten seedlings have been taken from both experimental and control sets and the results indicate the average of ten seedlings along with their respective standard error. The length of root of the randomly selected seedlings was measured with the help of meter scale. The length of the shoot of the randomly selected seedlings was measured for both control and experimental plants with the help of meter scale. The total leaf area of each and every plant was computed and expressed in cm2. The leaf area of the harvested leaves was measured by conventional graphical method. The fresh weight of the seedlings was obtained using an electronic balance soon after harvest. Care was taken to avoid wilting of plant parts. The fresh undamaged seedlings were kept in an oven at 70 °C for 24 hours. After complete drying, the seedlings were weighed using an electronic balance.

For all biochemical analysis the average of 5 samples were taken from both control and treated plants separately and the results indicate the average of five seedlings along with their respective standard error. To extract the total chlorophyll from leaves, fresh leaves were deveined and cut into small bits. From the pooled leaf bits, a sample of 100mg was weighed. The leaf bits were homogenized in 100% acetone using a mortar and pestle. The homogenate was centrifuged at 4000rpm for 5 minutes at room temperature. Extraction with 100% acetone was repeated until the pellet becomes pale yellow or white in colour. The supernatant was used for the estimation of photosynthetic pigments. The absorbance was measured at 662nm, 645nm and 470nm for chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and Carotenoids, respectively using ELICO SL 171 Spectrophotometer. The amount of chlorophyll a,b and total chlorophyll was calculated by using the formula of Wellburn and Lichtenthaler.

The protein content of the leaf tissue was measure by Lowry's method (1951). Fresh leaf sample (100mg) was ground in 10ml of distilled water with the help of mortar and pestle. The homogenate was centrifuged at 5000rpm for 5minutes and the supernatant was added with 1 ml of ice cold TCA and again it was centrifuged. The pellet was dissolved with 1ml of 0.1 N NaoH and it was used as test solution. From the test solution, 0.1ml was taken in the test tubes and it was added with 0.5ml of distilled water, 5.5ml of alkaline copper mixture and 0.5ml of Folin phenol reagent. It was mixed thoroughly and kept in condition for 10 minutes to develop blue color. The absorbance was noted at 650nm using ELICO SL 171 Spectrophotometer. The protein content was calculated from the standard graph of protein constructed with bovine serum albumin as marker protein.

Total soluble sugars in leaves were estimated by Anthrone method. 100 mg of fresh leaves of both control and treated plants were ground in 10ml of distilled water using mortar and pestle. The homogenate of leaves was centrifuged at 3000rpm for 5minutes. The supernatant was taken, it was added with 2ml of 10% TCA and kept in the ice cold condition for 10 minutes, and again it was centrifuged at 5000rpm for 5minutes. The supernatant was used as test solution. 0.1ml of test solution was taken in test tubes and it was added with 0.9ml of distilled water and 4ml of Anthrone reagent (0.2%). The test tubes were boiled in water bath for 10minutes after cooling; the absorbance was measured at 620nm. The amount of sugar present in the extract was calculated from a standard curve using glucose as the standard (Figure 1).

Free amino acids were estimated by Ninhydrin assay method. The leaf material (100mg fresh weight) was ground in 10ml of ethanol. The homogenate was centrifuged at 5000rpm for 3minutes. The pellet was discarded and the supernatant was used as test solution. 1ml of test solution, 3ml of distilled water and 1ml of Ninhydrin reagent were added and mixed thoroughly. After mixing, the test tube was kept in boiling water bath for 10minutes. Then the tube was cooled down to room temperature and 1ml of 50 % ethanol was added. The absorbance was measured at 550nm using proper blank. Blank solution consisted of 4ml of distilled water, 1ml of Ninhydrin reagent and 1ml of ethanol. The amino acid content was estimated from standard curve prepared with glycine as amino acid source.

Proline content was estimated according to. The 100mg leave sample were ground in 3% (w/v) Sulphosalicylic acid. The extract was filtered through Whatmann No.1 filter paper. 2ml of the extract, 2 ml of acid Ninhydrin (1.25g of Ninhydrin in a mixture of 30ml of glacial acidic acid and 20ml of 6M Phosphoric acid) and 2ml of glacial acidic acid were added. The contents were shaken well and the tubes were kept in the water bath at 100 °C for 1hour. After 1hour the tubes were allowed to cool down to room temperature and then kept in ice for 5minutes, to terminate the reaction. The 4ml of toluene was added and the tubes were agitated vigorously and then allowed to stand. The proline containing chromophore was aspirated and the absorbance was read at 520nm. The proline content was calculated from a standard curve prepared authentic sample of proline.

Go to

Statistical Analysis

Morphometric parameters were determined with ten independent replicates. Biochemical characters were carried out at least five times. The data were reported as mean±SE and in parentheses represent the percent activity.

Go to

Results

The results obtained on the effect of different concentration of nickel chloride and nickel + seaweed liquid extract treated plants were given as follows. Impact of various concentration of nickel chloride on the morphometric characteristics of Phaseolusmungo L. is shown in graph 1. With the increase in concentration of nickel chloride root length were slowly decreased ranging from 12% to 45% compared to control. The minimum root growth was found in 15mM nickel concentration. Shoot length also followed a similar declining trend where the reduction was 44% in higher concentration of nickel chloride. The leaf area was gradually reduced with increasing concentration of nickel chloride. The reduction was about 37% in 15mM concentration of nickel chloride. With increase in concentration of nickel chloride the fresh weight was found to be decreased. The minimum fresh weight was observed in 15mM Nickel chloride treated seedlings. Total plant biomass accumulation (dry weight) is a good indicator of any stress study. The dry weight was analyzed in nickel treated Phaseolusmungo L. seedlings. It showed significant reduction than the control plants.

Results obtained on the impact of various concentration of Nickel chloride on the photosynthetic pigments of Phaseolusmungo L. is shown in Figure 2. Pigment content also showed the declining trend with increasing concentration of nickel chloride. The chlorophyll content of nickel chloride treated Phaseolusmungo L. showed considerable reduction over control plants. The maximum reduction of chlorophyll pigment brought about by 15mM concentration to the level of 67% and the carotenoid was found to be 78% in 15mM concentration of Nickel chloride.

Result obtained on the impact of various concentration of nickel chloride on the biochemical characteristics of Phaseolusmungo L. is shown in Figure 3. The sugar content was decreased with the increase in the concentration of nickel chloride. At 15mM concentration of nickel chloride, the reduction was about 76% less than the control. The protein content was found to be decreased with the increase in the nickel concentration on experimental plants. At 15mM concentration of nickel chloride the reduction of protein content was 55% less than the control plants. The nickel chloride had a considerable increase in the free amino acid content of the nickel treated plants than the control plants. The free amino acid content increased from 60% to 311% when compared to the control. The proline content increased with the increasing concentration of nickel chloride.

Go to

Discussion

Results obtained on the morphometric and biochemical character of black gram Phaseolusmungo L .treated with nickel chloride and nickel + seaweed extract are discussed below. The result obtained on the present study indicate that, increase in concentration (3mM to 15mM) of nickel chloride, showed a decrease in root length, shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight of Phaseolusmungo L .Decrease in shoot length, root length, fresh weight and dry weight may be due to nickel toxicity which caused reduction in water uptake [18,19].

The observed pronounced inhibition of shoot and root growth and leaf area are main cause for the decrease in fresh weight and dry weight of seedlings. For plants, uptake of metals occurs primarily through the roots, so this is the primary site for regulating their accumulation [20]. The reduction in leaf area in response to nickel treatment was also related to accumulation of nickel in leaves, where the size of the leaf was also decreased. This result coincides with the findings of Panday & Pathak [21], where the leaves of green gram plants supplied with excess nickel were smaller in size and developed chlorosis in the leaflets. After seven days of nickel supply, these leaves developed black necrotic spots on either side of the midrib.

The photosynthetic process is related with the inhibition of biomass accumulation, which in turn relies upon the pigment level. The chlorophyll content, which is an indicator of the photosynthetic activity of plants, showed a remarkable reduction in nickel treated plants. Plants subjected to nickel toxicity showed decrease in the concentration of chlorophyll and carotenoids. The decrease in these plant pigments may be due to cellular disorganization under nickel toxicity which causes agglutination of chloroplast.

Under the heavy metal sodium chloride treatment also there was a considerable reduction in growth and photosynthetic pigments; this may be due to the disturbance in photo system I and chlorophyllase enzyme. This disturbance paralleled with the reduction in sugar content may be attributed to reduction in chlorophyll contents of the leaf and also a decline in protein. This change might have already affected the photosynthetic activity in the plant and hence the reduction in carbohydrate contents [22,23].

Satyakala & Jamil [24] observed a reduction in the protein contents in the roots, leaves and petioles of water hyacinth and lettuce plants after chromium treatment and suggested that metal ions seems to interfere with protein synthesis which is one of the major components for biochemical activities. In the present study a reduction in protein content observed in nickel chloride treated plants, may attributed to the decrease in the synthesis of protein macromolecules under nickel toxicity and the denaturation of protein by protease activity resulting in increasing level of protein degradation.

As a result of protein degradation during stress condition, the availability of free amino acid is significantly high. The free amino acid content is increased with the increase in nickel supply. It may be due to destruction of protein or to the biosynthesis of amino acid from the nitrate source which were not utilized in the protein synthesis [25]. It is an adaptative mechanism by the plant cell to overcome post stress metabolism [26]. Accumulation of proline has frequently used as a biochemical marker for water stress in plants [27,28]. The reduction of stress in plants has thought to promote the accumulation of proline and to act as a cytoplasmic osmotic solute [29,30]. L-Proline accumulation may cause by stimulated synthesis from glutamate, slower incorporation of proline into protein and failure in protein synthesis. Proline accumulation is considered a protective device for the plants to preserve water, which is necessary to tide over any internal water deficit situation. The accumulation of proline is also considered as an adaptive response to stress [31].

The possibility of proline accumulation is because of the impaired protein synthesis. In a stress condition the inhibition of growth of cells, leaves and the whole plant is accompanied by an accumulation of nitrate in plant tissue particularly in leaves [32]. The leaf nitrate content found to be more in treated plants. The accumulation of leaf nitrate in the present study was found to be paralleled with the reduction in nitrate reductase (NR) activity.

Thus, nickel caused a reduction in photosynthetic pigment content, which was paralleled with reduction in photosynthetic product called sugar. Reduction in total soluble protein in the leaf could also be ascribed to the reduction in photosynthesis. Accumulation of free amino acid indicates the degradation of protein in all the nickel treated plants, proline an osmotic regulator accumulate more in all the treated plants [33,34]

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[pearlsmith25]

Zinc Carbonate Market Research Report to Enhance Exponential Growth Rate by 2030

Zinc carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula ZnCO3. It is an inorganic salt that is composed of zinc cations (Zn2+) and carbonate anions (CO3^2-). Zinc carbonate is a white, odorless, and insoluble powder that is commonly used in various applications.

Some of the properties of zinc carbonate include:

Chemical formula: ZnCO3 Molar mass: 125.39 g/mol Appearance: White powder Density: 4.42 g/cm3 Melting point: Decomposes at around 333°C (631°F) Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in acids

Zinc carbonate has several uses, including:

Pharmaceutical industry: It is used as a source of zinc in dietary supplements and medicines due to its essential role as a trace element in the human body.

Agriculture: It is used as a zinc fertilizer to correct zinc deficiency in soils, which can improve crop yields.

Paints and coatings: Zinc carbonate is used as a pigment in paints and coatings due to its ability to provide opacity and durability.

Rubber industry: It is used as an activator in the production of rubber to improve its properties, such as heat resistance and tensile strength.

Ceramics: Zinc carbonate is used as a raw material in the production of ceramics, such as glazes and frits.

Corrosion inhibition: Zinc carbonate is sometimes used as a corrosion inhibitor in certain industrial processes to protect metal surfaces from corrosion.

Market Drivers:

✦ Increasing demand from end-use industries: Zinc carbonate finds applications in diverse industries, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, paints and coatings, rubber, ceramics, and corrosion inhibition. The demand for zinc carbonate is influenced by growth in these industries, especially in emerging economies. ✦ Rising awareness about the importance of zinc in human nutrition: Zinc is an essential micronutrient for human health, and its deficiency can lead to various health issues. There is increasing awareness about the importance of zinc in human nutrition, leading to higher demand for zinc-containing supplements and medicines, which in turn drives the demand for zinc carbonate. ✦ Growing focus on sustainable agriculture: Zinc carbonate is used as a zinc fertilizer in agriculture to correct zinc deficiency in soils and improve crop yields. With the growing focus on sustainable agriculture practices and increasing awareness about micronutrient deficiencies in soils, the demand for zinc carbonate in agriculture is expected to rise. ✦Increasing use of zinc-based corrosion inhibitors: Zinc carbonate is used as a corrosion inhibitor in various industrial processes to protect metal surfaces from corrosion. With the need to prevent corrosion and extend the lifespan of metal equipment and structures, the demand for zinc carbonate as a corrosion inhibitor is expected to increase.

The zinc carbonate market offers several benefits to various stakeholders, including:

► End-Use Industries: Zinc carbonate is used in various industries, such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, paints and coatings, rubber, ceramics, and corrosion inhibition. The benefits of using zinc carbonate in these industries include: ► Pharmaceuticals: Zinc carbonate is used as a source of zinc in dietary supplements and medicines, providing essential micronutrient for human health and supporting various physiological processes in the body. ► Agriculture: Zinc carbonate is used as a zinc fertilizer to correct zinc deficiency in soils, which can improve crop yields and quality, leading to better agricultural productivity. ► Paints and Coatings: Zinc carbonate is used as a pigment in paints and coatings, providing opacity, durability, and corrosion resistance, leading to improved performance and longevity of the coatings. ► Rubber: Zinc carbonate acts as an activator in rubber production, improving properties such as heat resistance and tensile strength, resulting in higher-quality rubber products. ► Ceramics: Zinc carbonate is used as a raw material in the production of ceramics, such as glazes and frits, providing desirable properties such as improved color, texture, and strength. ► Corrosion Inhibition: Zinc carbonate is used as a corrosion inhibitor in certain industrial processes, protecting metal surfaces from corrosion, extending the lifespan of equipment and structures, and reducing maintenance costs. ► Farmers and Agricultural Industry: Zinc carbonate is used as a zinc fertilizer in agriculture, providing essential zinc micronutrient to crops and improving soil health. The benefits of using zinc carbonate in agriculture include: ► Correcting zinc deficiency: Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plant growth, and zinc deficiency in soils can lead to reduced crop yields and poor crop quality. Zinc carbonate can effectively correct zinc deficiency, leading to improved crop growth, yield, and quality. ► Sustainable agriculture: Zinc carbonate can be used in sustainable agriculture practices, promoting balanced plant nutrition, reducing the use of synthetic fertilizers, and minimizing environmental impacts.

Zinc carbonate has a wide range of applications across various industries, including:

◘ Pharmaceuticals: Zinc carbonate is used as a source of zinc in pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements. It is used in formulations of tablets, capsules, syrups, and other pharmaceutical products to provide essential zinc micronutrient for human health. Zinc plays a crucial role in various physiological processes in the body, including immune function, DNA synthesis, and growth and development.

◘ Agriculture: Zinc carbonate is used as a zinc fertilizer in agriculture to correct zinc deficiency in soils. It is applied to crops and soil in the form of zinc carbonate-based fertilizers, which provide readily available zinc for plant uptake. Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plant growth, and zinc deficiency in soils can lead to reduced crop yields and poor crop quality. Zinc carbonate helps in improving crop growth, yield, and quality, and is used in various agricultural practices, such as foliar sprays, seed treatments, and soil amendments.

◘ Paints and Coatings: Zinc carbonate is used as a pigment in paints and coatings industry. It provides opacity, durability, and corrosion resistance to coatings, making them suitable for various applications. Zinc carbonate-based pigments are used in paints and coatings for architectural, industrial, and automotive applications, as well as in marine coatings to protect metal surfaces from corrosion.

◘ Rubber: Zinc carbonate is used as an activator in the rubber industry. It is added to rubber compounds to accelerate the vulcanization process and improve the properties of rubber, such as heat resistance, tensile strength, and tear resistance. Zinc carbonate-based activators are used in the production of rubber products, such as tires, belts, hoses, gaskets, and seals.

◘ Ceramics: Zinc carbonate is used as a raw material in the ceramics industry. It is used in the production of ceramics, such as glazes, frits, and ceramic pigments. Zinc carbonate-based ceramics are known for their desirable properties, such as improved color, texture, and strength, and are used in various applications, including tableware, tiles, sanitaryware, and decorative items.

◘ Corrosion Inhibition: Zinc carbonate is used as a corrosion inhibitor in certain industrial processes. It is added to coatings, paints, and other materials to protect metal surfaces from corrosion, extending the lifespan of equipment and structures. Zinc carbonate-based corrosion inhibitors are used in applications such as marine coatings, automotive coatings, metal primers, and anti-corrosion coatings.

◘ Other Applications: Zinc carbonate is also used in other applications, such as in the production of chemicals, pigments, and fire-resistant materials, as well as in the treatment of waste water and flue gas desulfurization.

In summary, zinc carbonate has diverse applications across industries, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, paints and coatings, rubber, ceramics, corrosion inhibition, and other specialty applications. Its unique properties, such as providing essential zinc micronutrient, improving crop yields, enhancing coating performance, and promoting sustainability, make it a valuable ingredient in various industrial processes and products.

[coldpenguintaco]

Antimicrobial Additives Market: Global In-Depth Analysis and Professional Survey 2021-2026| BASF SE, DuPont De Nemours, Microban International, Sanitized AG, LyondellBasell, Avient Corporation, Biocote, Milliken Chemical and Others

Antimicrobial Additives Market: Global In-Depth Analysis and Professional Survey 2021-2026| BASF SE, DuPont De Nemours, Microban International, Sanitized AG, LyondellBasell, Avient Corporation, Biocote, Milliken Chemical and Others

Antimicrobial Additives Market The report “Antimicrobial Additives Market by Type (Inorganic (Silver, Copper, Zinc), Organic (OBPA, DCOIT)), Application (Plastic, Paints & Coatings, Pulp & Paper), End-Use Industry (Healthcare, Packaging, Food & Beverage, Construction) – Global Forecast to 2026”, The antimicrobial additives market is estimated to grow to USD 5.5 billion by 2026 from USD 4.0…

[waterfiltergurus]

Mercury in Water: What You Need to Know in [year]

Mercury is a silver-white metal that is known to cause long-term health complications if consumed in drinking water. This glossary will discuss mercury in water, including how water becomes contaminated with mercury, the potential health effects of mercury, and how to protect your family from this naturally occurring metal. ❔ What is Mercury? 💡 Mercury is a metal and a chemical element that is used in electronic and electrical applications, and in the manufacture of industrial chemicals. Mercury is also used as a topical disinfectant and antiseptic, fungicide, and wood preservative. Also known as "quicksilver", mercury is present in three forms on earth: organic, inorganic, and elemental. Mercury is often present alongside zinc, cadmium, silver, carbon, and gold, as mercuric chloride, sulfides, and oxides. All three forms of mercury are considered dangerous in water; however, organic mercury is easily absorbed by the human body, making it more toxic than inorganic mercury compounds. 🩺 What are the Potential Health Effects of Mercury? Mercury has known potential health effects when consumed in water or inhaled in air. According to the EPA, some of the potential symptoms and health effects of consuming mercury are: - Mood swings, irritability, and other emotional changes - Tremors - Insomnia - Headaches - Muscle weakness, twitching, atrophy - Poor mental function - Memory loss - Nervous system damage - Skin rashes - A "pins and needles" feeling in the hands and feet - Loss of peripheral vision High exposure to mercury may lead to mercury poisoning, with the following health effects: - Respiratory failure - Damage to the kidneys - Death Some sources claim that high levels of mercury can cause cancer, but currently, there isn't sufficient evidence to determine whether or not mercury is cancer-causing. 🚰 How Does Mercury Get Into Drinking Water? Mercury is found naturally in the earth's crust, and enters the environment through natural degassing. It may also be dumped into the environment as a result of incorrect disposal from human activities, or from runoff from farmland and landfills. Combustion of fossil fuels also increases the mercury levels in the atmosphere. Mercury in the earth's crust, rocks, soils, and the atmosphere gets into water through rainfall, runoff, and soil seepage. When water flows over or seeps through rocks or soil with high mercury levels, some of this metal leaches into water. Water then travels to aquifers and reservoirs, many of which are used as public drinking water supplies. 📉 Do Water Treatment Facilities Monitor Levels of Mercury in Drinking Water? Yes, drinking water treatment facilities must test for, monitor, and remove mercury from water to prevent kidney damage and the other known health effects of prolonged exposure to high levels of mercury in water. There are several national guidelines and regulations that water facilities must adhere to for mercury: - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Maximum Contaminant Level: 0.002 mg/L (or 2.0 PPB) - EPA Maximum Contaminant Level Goal: 0.002 mg/L (or 2.0 PPB) - World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline: 0.006 mg/L (or 6.0 PPB) What do these guidelines mean? The EPA's Maximum Contaminant Level is the highest level of mercury that's allowed in drinking water, while the Maximum Contaminant Level Goal is the highest amount of mercury that is known to occur with no health effects. All regions within the United States government must follow EPA regulations, and some states may have their own more stringent requirements for mercury exposure in water. According to the Environmental Working Group's Tap Water Database, many states have mercury contamination, but no states report inorganic mercury above the regulations. However, the EWG believes that the current MCL for mercury is too high, and sets its own health guidelines of 1.2 PPB. 🔎 How Can I Tell if Mercury is in My Drinking Water? Mercury doesn't have a distinct taste in water, although very high levels of organic and inorganic mercury may have a metallic taste. You can't see or smell mercury in water. Usually, you won't be able to tell that your water contains mercury by taste, smell, or sight. The only effective way to find out how much mercury your water contains is to conduct a water test. Laboratory testing is the most thorough, accurate means of testing for mercury. A lab test report should tell you exactly what concentrations of the various forms of mercury your water contains. Aside from lab testing, you can also find out the concentrations of mercury in your water by viewing your annual Water Quality Report, or Consumer Confidence Report (CCR). All water suppliers must provide annual CCRs to their customers, once a year and on request. Note that a CCR only tells you how much mercury your water contains on a given testing day, and may not be representative of the fluctuating levels of this contaminant throughout the year. 👩🏽‍⚕️ How Can I Protect My Family from Mercury in Drinking Water? The best way to protect your family from mercury in drinking water is to install a water treatment system in your home. Most systems cost $150-$1,200 and have an annual maintenance spend of $50-$250. Water filters that remove mercury are: - Granular activated carbon filters, which are installed in point of entry or point of use filtration systems, and are found in pre-coat or solid block designs. GAC filters remove more than 90% of mercury, as well as pesticides, chlorine, and semi-volatile and organic compounds. - Sub-micron filters with adsorption media, which are often found in under-sink systems or pitcher filters. These filters have pore sizes ranging from 1 to 100 microns and their adsorption media makes them capable of removing more than 90% mercury, organic chemicals, chlorine and chloramine, bacteria, unpleasant tastes and odors, and more. - Reverse osmosis filtration systems, which are typically installed as under-sink or countertop units. Reverse osmosis units force water through a semi-permeable membrane, which removes virtually all total dissolved solids, including 95% to 97% of mercury. RO filtration also involves carbon and sediment filtration, providing thorough water treatment. - Distillers, which boil water until it evaporates and condenses, leaving contaminants behind in the boiling chamber. Distillation removes up to 100% mercury and produces purified water. Most systems take up to five hours to produce a batch of distilled water. If you discover high levels of mercury, especially organic mercury, after testing your water, switch to bottled water while you decide on a suitable water treatment system to remove this contaminant. ⚠️ How Else Can I Be Exposed to Mercury? Drinking water is a major source of mercury exposure. Other sources of mercury exposure are: - Consuming fish and shellfish (such as shark, swordfish, tilefish, and king mackerel) containing methylmercury, which is formed when microorganisms in soil and water convert inorganic and elemental mercury into an organic compound - Being in close contact with a product containing metallic mercury, such as dry cell batteries and fluorescent light bulbs, which break, releasing toxic mercury vapor into the air - Swallowing metallic mercury from broken fever thermometers or swallowing jewelry made from metallic mercury (most likely to happen in children) - Treating tooth decay with a direct filling material known as dental amalgam, which contains mercury - Gold mining - Atmospheric deposition and industrial release, such as combustion of fossil fuels - Use of skin lighteners and anti-ageing products containing trace levels of mercury that are illegally shipped to the US The second most likely source of mercury is eating fish that have consumed mercury from the environment, due to the ease at which mercury can enter the food chain. Mercury in light bulbs and batteries is being phased out, but it's wise to be wary with these items in your home if you're unsure what they contain. 📝 Where Can I Get More Information? To learn more about mercury in water, including the potential health risks of this contaminant, follow the links below. - EPA: Health Effects of Exposure to Mercury - EPA: How People are Exposed to Mercury - WQA: Mercury in Drinking Water - WHO: Mercury and Health Read the full article