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#Injectable Benzodiazepine Market
chooseyourhorizon · 1 year
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A Beginner's Guide to Ketamine Therapy Online
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Ketamine therapy is a new way to treat addiction and depression. It's an unusual treatment, but it has been proven effective in several studies. Ketamine has been used as an anesthetic for decades, but over the past few years it's made its way into the world of mental health thanks to its ability to relieve symptoms of depression and addiction in just one or two treatments. It works by blocking pain receptors in your body (which is why it's used during surgery) but also numbs certain parts of your brain—and that's what makes ketamine such a powerful tool for treating mental health problems like addiction and depression quickly. If you're curious about ketamine therapy online, read on!
What Is Ketamine Therapy?
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic, often used in veterinary medicine. It can also be found in illicit drug culture and has become popular as a party drug. Ketamine was developed in the 1960s, but due to its ability to produce hallucinations and dissociate users from their surroundings it has been associated with recreational use since then.
Ketamine's efficacy at treating depression and addiction has been studied for decades; however it wasn't until recently that it became available for use outside of clinical trials through clinics like ours here at [Clinic name]. Our clinic uses IV drips of ketamine combined with other medications (like benzodiazepines) that help reduce some side effects associated with the treatment process itself such as anxiety or nausea caused by anesthesia induction methods used during surgery procedures performed during infusion therapy sessions lasting 4-6 hours each time you visit our facility!
Why Do People Use Ketamine?
Ketamine is a powerful anesthetic drug that can be used in a variety of ways. It's most commonly administered as an intramuscular injection, but it can also be given intravenously or via nasal spray.
Ketamine has been used clinically since the late 1960s and is currently one of the most popular drugs for treating chronic pain. It's also used to reduce inflammation after surgery and increase blood flow to tissues damaged by trauma or burns--particularly helpful for people who have suffered severe burns over large areas of their bodies.
Because ketamine is so effective at numbing pain receptors in the brain, it has become popular among those experiencing difficult-to-treat chronic conditions such as fibromyalgia or complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). In fact, some studies show that ketamine injections may provide relief from symptoms even faster than opioids like morphine do!
Ketamine may also be prescribed off-label by physicians who treat depression or anxiety disorders because this medication has been shown to work quickly with minimal side effects compared with other antidepressants on today's market..
How Does Ketamine Help with Addiction?
Ketamine works by blocking the brain's NMDA receptors. These receptors are responsible for sending signals to the brain, so when they're blocked, it stops those signals from being sent. This can have two effects:
It blocks pain and anxiety, which are often associated with addiction. This can make it easier to stop using drugs or alcohol because you don't feel as much physical discomfort when you withdraw from them;
It also helps people stay sober longer once they've stopped using drugs or alcohol--so even if you're not ready yet, ketamine could help kickstart your recovery journey!
What is a Ketamine Treatment Center?
Ketamine treatment centers are facilities that provide ketamine infusions to people with depression or anxiety. They're staffed by professionals who have been trained to administer the drug safely and effectively, and they have experience with its effects and side effects. The staff at these centers can help patients get the most out of their treatment by providing guidance on how best to use ketamine in conjunction with other therapies like psychotherapy or medication management.
How Does Ketamine Work?
Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that provides rapid pain relief. It works by blocking the NMDA receptors in the brain and spinal cord, which prevents glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, from binding to them. Glutamate has been shown to have significant effects on mood regulation and memory formation.
Glutamate also regulates dopamine release in areas of your brain associated with reward pathways--the mesolimbic pathway and nucleus accumbens (NAc). Dopamine is responsible for feelings of pleasure when it binds to these pathways; however, too much dopamine can lead to addiction or dependency issues if you use too much ketamine over time. When used appropriately under medical supervision during treatment sessions with trained professionals who understand how best to use this substance safely for their clients' needs without causing any unwanted side effects like dependency issues or withdrawal symptoms afterward due to long-term abuse patterns before seeking help from trained professionals who know how best utilize this drug safely within safe dosage amounts needed per person based upon unique circumstances surrounding each person's situation so that no one gets hurt while using this substance responsibly under proper care provided by qualified staff members who have been trained properly beforehand
How Much Does It Cost to Go to a Ketamine Treatment Center?
The cost of ketamine therapy depends on a number of factors, including where you live and which center you choose. A single session can range from $500 to $1,000, but some centers offer discounts for multiple sessions as well as payment plans. Some even offer free consultations that allow prospective patients an opportunity to speak with clinicians about their treatment options before committing to anything.
While these prices may seem steep at first glance (and they are), keep in mind that they're much lower than other types of treatment like traditional talk therapy or medication management would cost--plus ketamine is known for being extremely effective at treating depression with minimal side effects compared with other drugs like antidepressants or anti-anxiety medications
Ketamine therapy is a new way to treat addiction and depression.
Ketamine is a powerful anesthetic that was first developed in the 1960s. It's FDA approved for use in humans, but it's also used illegally as a party drug because of its hallucinogenic effects. Ketamine has recently been studied as a treatment option for depression and addiction, with promising results.
At Choose Your Horizon, we believe that everyone deserves the opportunity to experience the beauty of ketamine. Whether you're looking to buy ketamine online or just want some more information about the drug, we're here to help! If you have any questions about our products or services before buying ketamine online from us, feel free to reach out! We'll be happy to answer any questions you might have at [email protected]
Choose Your Horizon 4136 Del Rey Ave, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292 +1 410 886 7398 https://www.chooseketamine.com/ https://www.google.com/maps?cid=10854176009822741710
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smritifw · 1 year
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kerlonsusa · 2 years
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Muscle relaxers over the counter
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We have shared the half-life of some of the popular drugs used as muscle relaxers. So, you need to check the ingredients of the muscle relaxers you are taking, and the half-life would depend on that. Talking about the half-life of muscle relaxers may differ depending on the contents of the muscle relaxers. So, the drug will be very effective for the first two weeks, but muscle relaxers will stop working after two weeks. This drug is usually used for the short term, and there is one unusual behavior around it. The generic name of the drug used in muscle relaxers is Cyclobenzaprine. Muscle relaxers are also given for pain arising due to kidney stones, backache, and other muscle-related pain. Usually, muscle relaxers are given to the patient to provide relief from muscle spasms. Some of them are even sold as over-the-counter medicines. If it is not working for you then you can also try other treatments for healing pinched nerves.There are many muscle relaxants available in the market. Yes, a muscle relaxant can help you in treating the symptoms of a pinched nerve. Hope you have got the answer that muscle relaxants will help a pinched nerve. They will reduce the activity so that the area can heal. If the pain is unbearable your physician may prescribe you an oral or injectable corticosteroid like prednisone to relieve pain.Ĭervical collars and splints are recommended for those people who have pinched nerves in their neck and hands. A physiotherapist will tell you the best exercises to relax your body, muscles, and nerves. If you are having swelling or pain in the affected area, do icing or heating on it.īy doing light exercises you can reduce the pressure on the pinched nerve. Doing rest for a few days can help you recover From it. Most of the time a pinched nerve gets better on its own without any treatment. A muscle relaxant immediately relaxes the muscle providing relief from pain.Īlso Read: Stabbing pain after C-section Treatments for a pinched nerveĪpart from muscle relaxant medicines following are some other nonsurgical treatments for a pinched nerve. The most common reason for a pinched nerve is nerve compression by surrounding tissues and Muscles. OTC muscle relaxants like acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can provide immediate relief from pain. Muscle relaxants help in recovery from symptoms of a pinched nerve. Will muscle relaxers have good results when it comes to pinched nerves? Off label medication includes benzodiazepine, clonidine, and gabapentin. There are off-label muscle relaxants as well that are still under research to prove its effect on muscle spasms. Such muscle relaxants include prescription drugs like Chlorzoxazone, carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone, tizanidine, baclofen, etc. You will need a prescription and doctor’s directions to take those muscle relaxants for pinched nerves. However many of the muscle relaxants are not OTC medications. They have very rare side effects and provide immediate relief. You can use Over-the-counter muscle relaxants like acetaminophen and NSAIDs to treat pinched muscles. Yes, a muscle relaxant medicine can overcome the symptoms of a pinched nerve. Will muscle relaxers help a pinched nerve Diabetes-High sugar levels can also cause nerve damage.Obesity-A pinched nerve is caused by excessive weight.Pregnancy-it is the most common cause since excessive weight results in nerve compression.Repeat active motions-like sitting and typing for a longer duration causes stress to the nerves.Rheumatoid arthritis-inflammation of the joint increases the pressure on the surrounding nerves.Ageing-it causes severe wear and tear problems in the spinal cord.The following are the most common causes of nerve compression or a pinched nerve. However, people also experience nerve compression in their legs and arms. Most commonly pinched nerves are caused by the neck (cervical radiculopathy), upper back (Thoracic radiculopathy), and lower back (lumbar radiculopathy).
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newsinsights · 3 years
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Global Injectable Benzodiazepine Market is likely to grow CAGR of 2.7%  by 2030
Global injectable benzodiazepine sales are set to reach USD 260 million in 2020, as covid-19 panic and uncertainty has set in, even among population with no previous history of mental illnesses, according to a new study by Future Market Insights (FMI). The market research firm estimates the market to grow at 2.7% CAGR through 2030.
Although covid-19 will create a short-term spike, in the long run, the market is likely to be driven by increasing demand for generic drugs. Growing acceptance of injectables as a route of administration is also likely to drive growth.
Key Takeaways of Injectable Benzodiazepine Market Study
Lorazepam injectable benzodiazepine accounted for the highest share in the injectable benzodiazepine market in 2019
Seizures and anxiety among leading ailments where injectable benzodiazepines are administered
North America and Europe are expected to hold a noteworthy revenue share of about 60% in the global injectable benzodiazepine market in 2020
Low cost manufacturing and large patient pools in Asian countries expected to be a key growth driver in the forecast period
“Growing incidences of seizures and anxiety followed by demand for generics to boost the global injectable benzodiazepine market,” says an FMI Analyst.
Request For Report Sample @ https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/sample/rep-gb-11724
Research Collaborations: Key to Sustenance
The market players are emphasizing on expanding their manufacturing facilities with introduction of cost-effective and generic drugs and also venturing into strategic partnerships.
In Jan 2020, Hospital Sales Force from Xellia signed an agreement with Eton to promote Biorphen in the institutions that prefer having ready-to-use injectable formulations
In Oct 2019, KemPharm’s APADAZ (to treat ADHD) got licensed to KVK-Tech, Inc. to make its generic AG-APADAZ available all across the US
In Dec 2018, Hikma Pharmaceuticals came up with clobazam oral suspension as well as tablets, the generic equivalent to “Onfi” (marketed by H. Lundbeck A/S)
What else is in the report?
Future market insights offer a unique perspective and actionable insights on injectable benzodiazepine market in its latest study, presenting historical demand assessment from 2015 – 2019 and projections from 2020–2030 based on drug class (diazepam, lorazepam, and midazolam), by time of action (short acting long acting), by indication (agitation & aggression, anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasm, seizures, tetanus, sedation, anesthesia insomnia, and status epilepticus), by distribution channel (hospital pharmacies, retail pharmacies and online pharmacies) in seven key regions.
Speak to Analyst, Questions Related To Report @ https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/ask-question/rep-gb-11724
Reasons to Buy the report
We provide authentic and detailed an analysis on various market trends to enable businesses to make informed and beneficial decisions to attain competitive edge over key players.
Our analysts provide detailed market segmentation along with meaningful insights and extensive reports that other companies fail to include.
The report includes accurate analysis of the market and the current developing trends affecting the growth. FMI speaks to stakeholders across the spectrum, including C-level executives, distributors, product manufacturers, industry experts. This ensures that the data collected is from highly reliable sources.
FMI’s Healthcare Research Reports:
Lipid Injectable Market
Injectable Nanomedicines Market
Sterile Oncology Injectable Market
About FMI
Future Market Insights (FMI) is a leading provider of market intelligence and consulting services, serving clients in over 150 countries. FMI is headquartered in Dubai, the global financial capital, and has delivery centers in the U.S. and India. FMI's latest market research reports and industry analysis help businesses navigate challenges and make critical decisions with confidence and clarity amidst breakneck competition. Our customized and syndicated market research reports deliver actionable insights that drive sustainable growth. A team of expert-led analysts at FMI continuously tracks emerging trends and events in a broad range of industries to ensure that our clients prepare for the evolving needs of their consumers.
Contact
Mr. Abhishek Budholiya
Unit No: AU-01-H Gold Tower (AU), Plot No: JLT-PH1-I3A,
Jumeirah Lakes Towers, Dubai,
United Arab Emirates
MARKET ACCESS DMCC Initiative
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Press Release: https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/press-release/injectable-benzodiazepine-market
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mikeandjones · 3 years
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What is Ritalin For and How to Use
Ritalin or Ritalin is a medicine that has its active ingredient Methylphenidate Hydrochloride, a central nervous system stimulant, indicated for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, also called ADHD, purple haze strain, and narcolepsy. 
This medicine is a type of amphetamine that works by stimulating mental activities, so it has become popular among adults who want to study or stay awake for longer. However, this use is not recommended, and these effects are not proven.
In addition to this, methylphenidate can have various dangerous side effects for those who use it without indication, such as nervousness, increased blood pressure, palpitations, buying moon rocks, weed, muscle spasms, hallucinations or chemical dependence. Those can only purchase Ritalin at prescription pharmacies.
What is it for?
Ritalin has methylphenidate, which is a psychostimulant. This medication stimulates concentration and reduces drowsiness, which is indicated in the treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adults.
It can also be indicated to treat narcolepsy, a disorder characterized by the manifestation of daytime sleepiness symptoms, inappropriate sleep episodes and sudden loss of voluntary muscle tone. 
Is Ritalin Good for Memory and Studies?
Ritalin is popular among students who call this medicine 'the intelligence pill' because it helps with memory and concentration, moon rocks, and helps during the study period. However, the efficacy of this medicine in healthy people has never been proven.
In this way, the person can even spend the night awake studying, but the attention will not necessarily improve, silver haze weed, purple haze weed strain, and he may not remember the content the next day.
Therefore, Ritalin should not improve memory and concentration; it is used only to treat diseases such as narcolepsy, attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity, as indicated in its leaflet. If you are a student and need a remedy to stay more awake, you need to increase your retention and concentration.
How to Take Ritalin
1. Attention deficit and hyperactivity
The dosage should be indicated according to each person's individual needs and clinical response, also varying according to age. So the recommended dose of Ritalin are the following:
Children aged six years or older:  should be started with 5 mg, 1 or 2 times a day, increasing the dose weekly from 5 to 10 mg. The total daily amount ought to be administered in divided doses.
The dosage of Ritalin LA, which are the modified-release capsules, is as follows: 
Children aged six years or older:  can be started with 10 or 20 mg, according to medical criteria, once a day in the morning. 
Adults:  For people who still do not have a treatment with methylphenidate, the recommended starting dose of Ritalin LA is 20 mg once daily. For people who already have treatment with methylphenidate, this can continue therapy with the same daily dose. In adults, what should not exceed the maximum daily dose of 80 mg, and in children, our should not exceed Ritalin and Ritalin LA, the amount of 60 mg. 
2. Narcolepsy
Ritalin is only approved for the treatment of narcolepsy in adults. The daily dose is 20 to 30 mg, administered in 2 to 3 divided doses. 
Some people may need a dose greater than 40 to 60 mg, while for another 10 to 15 mg daily, it is sufficient; the attending physician will determine this. People who have difficulty sleeping should not administer the medication at night; the last dose should be before 18 hours. 
 There are essential not to exceed the maximum daily dose of this medicine, which is 60 mg.
Side Effects 
The most common side effects that can be caused by treatment with Ritalin include nasopharyngitis, decreased appetite, abdominal discomfort, nausea, heartburn, nervousness, insomnia, fainting, headache, drowsiness, dizziness, changes in a heartbeat. Heart, fever, allergic reactions and decreased appetite can result in weight loss or stunted growth in children.
Also, because it is an amphetamine, methylphenidate can cause dependence if misused.
The Ritalin is contraindicated in people with hypersensitivity to methylphenidate or any excipient, people suffering from anxiety, silver haze strain, agitation, hyperthyroidism, pre-existing cardiovascular disorders. Severe hypertension, angina, occlusive arterial disease, heart failure, hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease. Cardiomyopathies, myocardial infarction, life-threatening arrhythmias and conditions caused by ionic channel dysfunction.
People with glaucoma, pheochromocytoma; diagnosis or family history of Tourette syndrome; pregnant or breastfeeding.
Seven Things You Didn't Know About The Drug Molly.
Today we want to tell you about the new fashion drug, increasingly popular and wreaking havoc among young people. This is the drug Molly, and in this article, we will see its main characteristics; we will know its effects and potential dangers. Let's start the tour.
1. What is Molly
Molly is not a new drug but a "pure" form of ecstasy. Its main effect is to produce euphoria since it is a stimulant of the nervous system and its use usually occurs in nightclubs and electronic parties.
2. How Molly is Consumed
Molly is consumed orally through pills or capsules, although it has also been seen in lick papers (such as LSD ) or injectable versions. The effect of a dose of Molly on the brain lasts a couple of hours, after which comes a period of unpleasant side effects.
3. What are Molly's Effects on Consumers
Those who use Molly are exposed to various harmful effects, some momentary and some permanent. Among them are a dangerous increase in body temperature, depression, increased heart rate, irrational behavior and possible psychotic behaviors.
4. Molly's Composition
In its pure form, Molly is composed of the so-called methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Most Molly doses are adulterated with other much more toxic substances such as caffeine, cocaine, amphetamines and PCP (phencyclidine).
5. How Molly Acts on The Brain
The action Molly on the brain starts half an hour of consumption. Its primary form of action is several neurotransmitters, causing a release of those who cause pleasure and euphoria as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine.
6. Who Consumes Molly
Molly's primary consumers are teenagers and young people between 12 and 24 years old, who are just getting started in the world of drugs and use it during parties and concerts, thanks to their feeling of euphoria and disinhibition. Many times it is ingested in combination with energy drinks.
7. Immediate Dangers of Consuming Molly
Many consume Molly as they consider it a safe drug because of its purity, but most doses are mixed with other, even more, dangerous chemicals. When their effects disappear, young people can suffer from seizures, rapid body temperature changes, and even be in a coma. The brain damage may be irreversible.
Did you know this data about Molly? Drugs are dangerous and, as much as some, such as marijuana, have health benefits, most of them are addictive and even fatal.  
Xanax is The Generic Name For Alprazolam.
It is a sedative for the Central Nervous System (CNS) that falls into medications known as benzodiazepines.
This class includes tranquilizers like lorazepam, Valium, and Libritabs. Xanax is prescribed by licensed doctors and is classified as a controlled category IV substance. Manufacturers recommend Xanax for the treatment of tension, nervousness, and panic attacks.
Benzodiazepines are under public investigation mainly for their highly addictive properties. When these drugs were initially developed (Xanax was patented in 1969), pharmaceutical manufacturers declared that they were not habit-forming or not addictive. Still, experience has shown that these are some of the most addictive drugs on the market. 
On The Street, Xanax is Known by The Following Names:
* Bars,
* Stairs, and
* Yellow Trucks
An estimated 3 million people have been taking benzodiazepines daily for more than a year, indicating that patients should be more aware and be more careful not to follow doctors' suggestions blindly when they are recommended and prescribed. Psychoactive medications This statistic also demonstrates, as doctors ignore recommended prescribed information on drugs such as Xanax since the Federal Secretariat of Medicines recommends that Xanax be prescribed for periods of less than eight weeks for the treatment of panic attacks and anxiety.
As with many psychiatric medications (drugs), the original defense and presentation to establish its effectiveness was made by the pharmaceutical company Upjohn (now part of the Pfizer company) and was based on reports from third parties compiled by psychiatrist David Sheehan. He said that Xanax helped his patients suffering from panic attacks, even though previous research had established that benzodiazepines had little or no effect on panic disorders. Pharmacy Upjohn paid Dr. Sheehan for her "investigation" to convince the government to give Xanax approval. The Xanax, and to a lesser extent the Valium, not only causes a feeling of relaxation but initially causes a sense of euphoria and enthusiasm, or a period of much activity followed by an artificial feeling of peace. Many people have reported that after taking Xanax for one to two weeks, they began to manifest physical withdrawal symptoms, mainly headaches that only took off by taking more medication.
This potential addiction is stronger with Xanax Than than any other benzodiazepine. However, the DEA (Agency of the United States Department of Justice that requires compliance with drug and drug regulations) under the Controlled Substances Act classifies drugs according to their potential medical benefit about their potential for abuse. Addiction on a Class I scale, considered highly addictive as heroin, up to Class V. Xanax and the other benzodiazepines are classified as Class IV, which are drugs that have a low potential for abuse, have medical therapeutic acceptance. 
They have a limited risk of physical or psychological dependence. Addiction professionals report that benzodiazepines are so addictive, both physically and psychologically, as opioid-derived painkillers (opiates) and other Class II narcotics. In some ways, Xanax is more problematic than opium-derived pain relievers in which suddenly stopping it can cause seizures, requiring medical help for withdrawal. In contrast, opioid withdrawal is painful but not medically dangerous.
The Xanax is so quickly prescribed to relieve joint stress and lack of sleep. There have been many older patients who have become addicted to their medicine "for nerves" inadvertently. When they try to leave, they discover that their original complaints are now more significant.
Everyone should read and understand the side effects of any psychoactive medication before accepting a prescription to ensure that the result of the treatment implementation is not going to be worse than the initial discomfort.
The Following are Documented Side Effects of Xanax:
* Eruptions
* Respiratory problems
* Swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and throat
* Drowsiness
* Decreased inhibition (lack of fear when faced with dangerous activities)
* Hallucinations, emotional disturbances, purple haze strain, and hostility
* Hyperactivity
* Dizziness, swirling, and fainting
* Less urine than usual, or no urine
* Headaches, fatigue, joint pain, and unusual weakness (flu-like symptoms)
* Problems with speech
* Total loss of memory (amnesia) and concentration problems
* Changes in appetite (including weight gain)
* Blurred vision, instability, and clumsiness (decreased coordination and balance)
* Decreased sexual desire
* Dry mouth, or increase in saliva production
* Nervousness, restlessness, lack of sleep, and sweating
* Strong or rapid palpitations (panic attacks)
* Skin inflammation
* Muscle jump, tremor, and seizures (convulsions)
The list of side effects should stop anyone to risk thinking that Xanax could be beneficial. However, people who are addicted to benzodiazepines or who are withdrawing from other medications will take that risk to relieve themselves sooner, only to realize that they have now increased their addiction problems.
When the 1st winds of legalization began to blow, there must have been a lot of publicity about the impact of state-run legal cannabis. Effective concerns such as the social and cultural impact of legal plants, their effects on the legal system, and the economy were expressed and taken into account when drafting specific bills. At the root of these concerns was, of course, child protection. As the children#39;s toy/candy market develops rapidly to meet the demands of competition, there are a
variety of devices and packaging systems designed to appeal to both children and parents. We've all been in situations where a child gets a packaged gift, just to ignore the actual gift in favor of that box coming. With this in mind, it is up to the cannabis industry professionals to create effective child-proof packaging regardless of the contents of the package.
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queernuck · 4 years
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Justice Department Sues Wal Mart for “role in Opiate Crisis”
So, companies that don’t care about you or me lead to prescription opiates becoming incredibly abundant in the United States since producing and filling these orders was a lucrative business for the pharmaceutical companies, pharmacies, the doctors prescribing them and the people writing prescriptions. We know this. We also know that the DEA isn’t all that good at actually enforcing reasonable rules on drugs; the recent crackdown on prescription opiates has been at the nexus of the ACTUAL crisis: overdoses on unpredictable supplies of fentanyl-cut heroin and the proliferation of counterfeit pills containing fentanyl along with the appearance of fentanyl in unexpected places, from ketamine you cocaine to MDMA. How do we fix this? We very much cannot get the cat back in the bag, as people have tried to do. The reformulation and restriction on OxyContin and the rarity of Oxycodone on the black market has made it more lucrative than ever. Bans on fentanyl have lead to the development of various analogues of Fentanyl which react unpredictably in treatment and in response to Narcan. The crackdown on benzodiazepines has lead to wider use of Research Chemicals far stronger than the benzodiazepines they are being substituted for. So what can we do? How can we avoid situations like the HIV Outbreak in Indiana following the reformulation of Opana? Well, the former formula allowing for insufflation along with injection made it far safer, so that people using it could snort rather than inject. Legal regulations preventing people who use drugs from acquiring clean needles also influenced the way in which injection was so dangerous: Mike Pence, as governor, presided over a healthcare system that actively endangered People who Use Drugs. When it comes to People Who Use Drugs, ask us what we need. What we want. Usually, it’s pretty simple. We want the same things as you, and fundamentally similar ones as well. You don’t want to go buy a bottle of wine and get poisoned, and we want to do our drugs of choice in known dosages. You may even have friends you don’t realize use drugs, who could benefit from safe supply! You may not even realize how it could benefit you!
Companies have shown already that they can manufacture opiates en masse, they can create enough oxycodone to meet demand and then some, and that’s assuming demand stays static. And that’s only using legal opium crops, if a move akin to Colombia’s proposed legislation were enacted, and farmers growing opium outside legal markets were brought in and given a legal means of selling their crops, along with protection for it, you could easily create a massive supply of opiates from Oxycodone to Oxymorphone, Hydrocodone to Heroin, brew up so much Lean that prices go back down to being less expensive than Liquor. We already have resources to produce Alprazolam legally and well, can press so many bars it would rival the height of the Canadian XanaxCartel bar market, and they would be certifiably pressed with genuine alprazolam, even offering double-dosed hulks that are the real deal.
Having legal, easily available drugs like MDMA, LSD, and Psilocybin would go a long way toward making it such that we can investigate their use in less hierarchical settings than the ones that current doctor/patient relationships imply, to undo the Oedipal structure of doctor and patient across psychotherapy and instead create new means of relating to “wellness”, health, and well-being.
We deal with so much when it comes to “Substance Use Disorders” that is, frankly, simply stigmatizing use that should be understood in larger contexts. When we refuse to treat pain, when we refuse to recognize suffering, when the ways in which we wish to expand or develop further the phenomenal qualities of our experience are cut off from us, we are going to want to rebel.
Wal Mart is fucking evil. So is the justice department. So is Purdue. 
We should still be allowed a safe supply.
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opoidoverdose · 4 years
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Opioid Overdose Epidemic in the United States
Overdoses associated with opioids in the United States killed nearly 50,000 people in 2019. There is a serious national crisis of prescription pain reliever misuse and addiction, heroin addiction and synthetic opioid use such as fentanyl, leading to harm to the public health, economic welfare, and social welfare. A study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calculated that the "economic burden" of prescription opioid abuse alone in the United States exceeds $78.5 billion a year, including the costs of healthcare, lost productivity, addiction treatment, and criminal justice involvement.
Death can result from opioid use because it affects the part of the brain that regulates breathing. A person experiencing an opioid overdose may exhibit a combination of three signs and symptoms: (1) pinpoint pupils; (2) unconsciousness; and (3) difficulties with breathing.
The use of drugs kills approximately 0.5 million people worldwide every year. Nearly 70% of these deaths occur as a result of opioid use, and more than 30% of them occur as a result of overdose. According to estimates by the WHO, approximately 115,000 people died of opioid overdoses in 2017. Overdoses with opioids that do not result in death are several times more common than fatal overdoses.
Several countries have seen an increase in opioid overdoses in recent years, partly because opioids have become increasingly used in treating chronic pain, and becoming increasingly available in illicit drug markets. Overdose deaths from opioid overdose have increased by 120% in the United States between 2010 and 2018. Over half of those opioid-related overdose deaths were from synthetic opioids – including fentanyl and its analogues.
Fentanyl is a powerful synthetic opioid that can be used both as pain reliever and anaesthetic. This drug is approximately 50-100 times stronger than morphine. Different formulations of Fentanyl is part of the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines. Fentanyl and its analogues (including carfentanil, acetylfentanyl, butyrfentanyl, and furanyl fentanyl) have been linked to a spike in deaths from opioid overdose. A recent study examined fentanyl distribution patterns in the United States. There is evidence that drug dealers may add fentanyl to increase the potency of their products (such as heroin) and sell it as counterfeit tablets that look just like the authentic prescription medications. Because of this, many users who test positive for fentanyl and its analogues do not realize that they have been using the drug.
What factors are associated with overdose on opioids? An overdose is linked to a number of risk factors. These include:  
* having an opioid use disorder;
*taking opioids by injection;
*resumption of opioid use after an extended period of abstinence (e.g. following detoxification, release from incarceration, cessation of treatment);
*using prescription opioids without medical supervision;
*high prescribed dosage of opioids (more than 100 mg of morphine or equivalent daily).
*using opioids in combination with alcohol and/or other substances or medicines that suppress respiratory function such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, anesthetics or some pain medications; and
*having concurrent medical conditions such as HIV, liver or lung disease or mental health conditions.
What are the emergency responses to overdoses of opioids?
Death due to opioid overdose is preventable if the individual receives basic life support and the administered naloxone treatment at the right time. Taking Naloxone (the antidote of opioids) when an opioid overdose has occurred will reverse the effects completely, as long as it is administered in time. If someone has not taken opioids before, Naloxone has practically no effect.
Generally, health professionals are the only ones with access to naloxone. Although naloxone is widely available in many countries, there is still limited availability in medical settings, including ambulances. Meanwhile, some countries already sell naloxone in pharmacies without prescription. A number of countries, including Australia, Canada, Italy, the UK and Ukraine, have recently approved naloxone as an over-the-counter medication for drug addiction and encouraged proactive distribution within their communities.
In previous years, a number of programs around the world have shown that providing naloxone to individuals likely to witness an opioid overdose, in combination with training on the use of naloxone and on the resuscitation of people following an opioid overdose, could substantially decrease the number of deaths resulting from opioid overdose. This is especially relevant for people becoming free from prison, as they have an extremely high rate of opioid overdose in the four weeks following their release.
An overdose from opioids can be difficult to recognize. The best thing to do if you're not sure is treat the situation as though it's an overdose so you could save someone's life. Do not leave the individual alone. Call or seek medical assistance immediately.
In order to protect the public from opioid overdose deaths, effective opioid prescribing should be improved, acute exposure to opioids should be reduced, misuse should be prevented, and opioid use disorders should be treated.
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Some medicines that can help you top relieve yourself
Diazepam or valium
Benzodiazepines are psychotropic drugs; that is, their focus of action is the central nervous system. Its sedative, anxiolytic and muscle relaxant properties, among many others, are used to treat states of anxiety, sleep disturbances, withdrawal problems, or muscle disorders. You can Buy Valium Online.
However, in the case of diazepam, its properties are much more specific. These are:
Anxiolytic properties: it reduces the symptoms of anxiety.
Muscle relaxants: decreases tone, tension, or contraction of muscles.
Anticonvulsant: fights, prevents, and prevents seizures or epileptic seizures.
Sedative: calming and sleeping effects.
Diazepam has become one of the most widely used benzodiazepines due to its high effectiveness, both at an anxiolytic level and in the treatment of muscle spasms, being one of the most administered and prescribed drugs in this category.
Buy Endocet Online
Oxycodone is a pain reliever drug from the opioid class, also known as narcotics. These substances, in addition to other effects, make the brain respond differently to pain, making it more bearable for the person who suffers it.
Such an effect occurs through the binding of the drug to brain opioid receptors, which blocks the delivery of pain-related signals. This makes those who consume oxycodone and other opioids have a different perception of pain.
Oxycodone is synthesized from thebaine, an alkaline opioid found in poppy capsules. The chemical properties of this compound are similar to those of morphine and codeine, two other very common opioids.
It is marketed under many different brand names, alone or in combination with other pain relievers. Some of the most common are Oxycontin, Oxynorm, Targin, and Percodan; the latter also contains aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), while Percocet is composed of oxycodone and paracetamol.
Although it is most often consumed in tablet form, it is also possible to find oxycodone as an oral solution and, more rarely, in injectable form. There are quick-release variants that are taken every 4 or 6 hours and others that are slow-release; in this case, it is recommended to consume oxycodone every 12 hours.
Buy Xanax Online
Alprazolam is the active substance in these drugs marketed under the name of Trankimazim or Xanax. Each tablet generally contains 0.5 mg of this element. The rest of the components that make up each tablet are lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, corn starch, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (85%) with sodium benzoate (15%), colloidal silica dioxide, magnesium stearate, etc. You should Buy Xanax Powder offline after checking the quality of it.
Furthermore, it should be noted that alprazolam was first synthesized by Upjohn Laboratories (now part of Pfizer) in the 1960s and as an alternative to barbiturates, tremendously addictive and with serious side effects. However, it was not until 1981 that it began to be sold as the first drug approved to treat panic attacks.
Buy Modafinil Online
Modafinil is a central nervous system stimulating drug with a different mechanism of action than other drugs in its class, which has its main indication in the treatment of excessive drowsiness due to various causes. It has also been used to relieve asthenia in patients with neurodegenerative diseases with positive results.
Following the trend of using psychostimulants (methylphenidate, pe) for relief of symptomatic problems in Palliative Care, there is a growing interest in Modafinil as a potentially effective drug for relief of asthenia.
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smritifw · 1 year
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sabalevaishali · 3 years
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Injectable Benzodiazepine Market has a CAGR of over 2.7% in 2020.
The report initiates from the outline of business surroundings and explains the commercial summary of chain structure. Moreover, it analyses forecast By Drug Class, By Time Of Action, By Indication, By Distribution Channel, By Region and Injectable Benzodiazepine Market.
Additionally, this report illustrates the corporate profiles and situation of competitive landscape amongst numerous associated corporations including the analysis of market evaluation and options associated with the worth chain. This report provides valuable insights on the general market profit through a profit graph, an in depth SWOT analysis of the market trends alongside the regional proliferation of this business vertical.
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marketnewtrend · 4 years
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Global Injectable Benzodiazepine Market Size, Share, Trend & Forecast 2020-2027
Benzodiazepine is the type of psychoactive drugs which are used to treat insomnia, anxiety, seizures, panic disorders, and alcohol withdrawal. Benzodiazepine produces calming effect by increasing the effect of neurotransmitter GABA. Injectable benzodiazepine shows rapid pharmacological action thanm tablet, and capsules.
Increase in number of diseases like anxiety disorders, and panic disorders is the key driving factor which is expected to boost the global injectable benzodiazepine market growth. Furthermore, rise in concern about preventive measures regarding stress-related conditions among people will have the positive impact on market growth. Moreover, rise in demand for these injectable which are expected to propel the global injectable benzodiazepine market growth.
Get Sample Copy of this Report @ https://qualiketresearch.com/request-sample/Injectable-Benzodiazepine-Market/request-sample
Market Restraints
However, misuse of benzodiazepine drugs is the challenging factor which is expected to hamper the global injectable benzodiazepine market growth.
Market Key Players
Various key players are discussed in this report such as Eli Lilly and Company, Forest Laboratories, Inc., AstraZeneca plc, Pfizer, Inc., H. Lundbeck A/S, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Sanofi S.A., Johnson and Johnson, and Merck and Co., Inc.
Market Taxonomy
By Time of Action
Ultra-Short Acting
Short Acting
Long Acting
By End User
Hospital
Clinic
By Application
Anxiety Disorders
Insomnia
Seizers
Alcohol Withdrawal
Others
By Region
North America
Latin America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Middle East & Africa
 Browse Full Research Report @ https://qualiketresearch.com/reports-details/Injectable-Benzodiazepine-Market
 About Us
QualiKet Research is a leading Market Research and Competitive Intelligence partner helping leaders across the world to develop robust strategy and stay ahead for evolution by providing actionable insights about ever changing market scenario, competition and customers. QualiKet Research is dedicated to enhancing the ability of faster decision making by providing timely and scalable intelligence. We use different intelligence tools to come up with evidence that showcases the threats and opportunities which helps our clients outperform their competition. 
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addictioncouncelor · 5 years
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The Overdose Reversal Drug Narcan and Counselors
Table of Contents
What is it?
Where do you get it?
Injection & Auto-injection vs. Nasal Spray
How to Use it
What it Can’t Do
Why Carry It Anyway
Side Effects
The Opioid epidemic is ravaging the United States and there seems to be no end in sight. Where opioid addiction and overdose was once an exclusively urban problem, it has now spread to all corners of the nation. The health crisis is fueled by opioid pharmaceuticals such as Oxycodone and other seemingly legitimate prescription medications.
The problem devastates families and their communities, and it also exacts an economic toll. Under President Obama, the Council of Economic Advisors determined that the financial cost of opioid fatalities was between $221.6 and 549.8 billion dollars in 2015. Unfortunately, regulating the industry is not as easy as discovering the cost in dollars or lives. However, until significant regulatory measures are enacted, there are overdose reversal drugs available to help reduce overdose fatalities.
What is it?
Naloxone, also known as the brand names Narcan and Evzio, is a medication that is known as an opioid antagonist. That term means what it might seem to imply: Naloxone is the enemy of opioids and thus seeks to ensure that they don't work. The drug works by blocking the opioid receptors in the user's brain. Opioid receptors are special nerve cells that are shaped in such a way that opioid molecules fit them much as a key fits its lock.
Opioid antagonists have an almost exact molecular structure to that of their nemeses. When introduced to the body, they remove opioid molecules from receptors and take residence on the opioid receptor sites themselves, blocking drugs such as Oxycodone and heroin from actively affecting the brain. Thus, when Naloxone is active in the body, it removes the opioids causing the negative reaction and neither prescription nor illicit opioids will be effective for a period of time. In this way, it can put an immediate halt to any opioid effects, including (and especially) overdose.
Where do you get it?
Naloxone is a prescription drug that can be obtained without a doctor's approval in most states. It is most commonly found with Emergency Medical Technicians, law enforcement officers, and Emergency Room professionals. They keep the drug in stock for when they encounter a victim of opioid overdose. Since the drug is easily administered via nasal spray and other methods, even untrained people can have the opportunity to provide help when the need arises. Naloxone also has very few side effects that stem specifically from its use and not the use of opioids. For this reason, it is recommended that those who use prescription or illicit opioids also have Naloxone available.
Injection & Auto-injection vs. Nasal Spray
There are three ways to deliver Naloxone to the body: injection, auto-injection, and as a nasal spray. To administer Naloxone via injection, the administering agent needs to have professional training. Thus, this delivery method is primarily used by doctors and nurses in Emergency Rooms and EMTs on crisis calls. Please keep in mind that Naloxone is commonly known by its brand name, Narcan.
Auto-injection is a method that enables laypeople to easily administer the drug to themselves or to someone in the throes of overdose. This delivery system involves a single-use device that can be easily uncapped and pressed to the overdose victim's outer thigh, whereupon a small needle will inject the life-saving drug. These devices also usually have an audio instruction recording that plays when you remove it from its case, allowing those unused to the application of an auto-injector the best possible chance of administering the medication correctly.
Intra-nasal Naloxone is perhaps the easiest method of all. When a person is overdosing, all their friend or loved one needs to do is squirt Naloxone into their nose, much like any nasal spray. This method, along with auto-injection, has become quite popular among harm reduction advocates. These nasal sprays also only have a single dose in each spray bottle. If the administering party believes that another dose is needed, they must have another nasal spray applicator on hand.
While intra-nasal and auto-injection Naloxone are easily administered by medical professionals and laypeople alike, the difficulty is that these methods may not always deliver a dose adequate for halting an overdose in its tracks. However, each intra-nasal and auto-injection kits come with two doses. This helps to ensure that an overdose is stopped at least long enough to ensure that the victim receives medical attention, including a professionally administered injection. Extra doses should not be given right away or at the same application site. Most applicators suggest waiting 3-5 minutes for signs of revival and, if there is none, administering the next does in an alternate injection site, the opposite thigh for auto-injectors, or the alternate nostril for the nasal spray.
How to Use it
Injection
Injected Narcan or Naloxone is perhaps the most effective. The doses can be specially tailored to suit the specific needs of an individual based on their body size and the amount of opioids they may have ingested. However, this method requires a medical professional for the procedure. The overdose victim must be held steady while the syringe is filled, the skin cleared with a swab, and then the dose injected. Additionally, only medical professionals have access to the bottles of naloxone used for this injection.
Auto-injection
Auto-injection is a relatively safe and easy way for most anyone to deliver Naloxone to an overdose victim. The kit only requires that one remove a cap and press the auto-injection device to the outer thigh of their overdosing friend or loved one (making sure there is nothing in their pockets that may interfere with the dose, such as keys or a phone). Sometimes a single dose from an auto-injection kit is not adequate to fully stop an overdose, or the first dose may wear off before an ambulance arrives. Thus, these kits commonly come with two doses.
Nasal Spray
Intra-nasal Naloxone is a favorite among harm reduction advocates who have been known to advocate for free and open distribution of this method. That is because this overdose cessation method is perhaps the easiest to administer. When an overdose victim is in the middle of their overdose, a friend or loved one only needs to spray the drug into their nose to see instant revival. However, the doses are not always enough. For that reason, each intra-nasal Naloxone kit comes with two doses. Thus, a person might be able to administer a second dose to a friend in need or help two people if a non-opioid has been spiked with Fentanyl, for instance, which is becoming much more common.
Naloxone can reverse the effects of:
Naloxone primarily works as an antagonist for any and all opioid drugs. Thus, it is effective against drugs such as:
Oxycodone
Lortab
Fentanyl
Oxycontin
Heroin
Vicodin
Morphine
What it Can’t Do
Naloxone, known by brand-name Narcan, seems like a wonder drug. In fact, the fact that it works with immediacy against opioid overdose is wonderful. However, it does not work against other overdoses or with any other class of drugs whatsoever. The receptors that Naloxone clears and protects are only those that accept opioid molecules. Thus, if a person is overdosing as a result of multiple drugs, including an opioid such as prescription Oxycontin, a dose of Naloxone will only inhibit the opioids in a patient's system. If their overdose is mainly created by the non-opioid in their system, naloxone will be ineffective at reviving them. This is part of why it is imperative that you always, always call for emergency medical personnel if you believe someone may have overdosed. Do not rely on Naloxone to be the only miracle they need.
Naloxone does NOT work with the following drugs:
Alcohol
Cocaine
Valium
Xanax
Klonopin
Any and all benzodiazepines
Amphetamines
Adderall
Ritalin
Methamphetamine
Why Carry It Anyway
Any illicit drug use is fraught with danger, and that danger has dramatically increased with the introduction of Fentanyl to street drugs. Once considered a last resort painkiller, the drug has been unleashed onto the illicit drug market. In powder form, pure Fentanyl can induce overdose with only a few grains. Thus, when it is used to augment a supply of heroin or even amphetamines, it is extremely dangerous. For an illustration of its potency, the National Institute on Drug Abuse states that Fentanyl has 50 to 100 times the potency of morphine. Its clinical use is generally reserved for chronic pain patients who have developed a high tolerance to other opioid painkillers.
Drug dealers often mix Fentanyl with their other opioids in order to create a more potent product. Users are likely to deepen their opioid dependence if they survive a dose laced with Fentanyl. It is also mixed into amphetamine, cocaine, or other uppers as a way to distinguish a dealer's product in the market.
Whether a user anticipates finding Fentanyl in their amphetamines or other illicitly obtained drugs, it is wise to carry Naloxone. If they happen to come across a bad batch of cocaine, for instance, the Naloxone may be the only thing between living and death by overdose.
Side Effects
One of the great things about Naloxone is that the only effect it has is to block the activity of opioid drugs on the nervous system. For that reason, most states allow access to Naloxone by non-professionals, opioid users, and those with opioid users in their lives. Various states have enacted Naloxone access laws that expand access far beyond medical professionals.
It should be noted that although Naloxone only acts to antagonize the activity of opioids, there may be unpleasant after effects. That is, since the drug stops opioid activity, the user might immediately go into withdrawal. The user might seek to immediately ingest more opioids that they have on their person, or seek to find more. Opioid addicts have also been known to react very negatively upon regaining consciousness following overdose cessation. For instance, one addict was so upset to have lost the effect of his drug that he punched the doctor who had just then injected him with Naloxone.
Thus, while there is no true danger inherent to the use of Naloxone, it is not without after effects for both the user and their caregivers. As with any medications or powerful substances, it is wise to be fully informed prior to use.
Sources:
https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/whitehouse.gov/files/images/The%20Underestimated%20Cost%20of%20the%20Opioid%20Crisis.pdf
https://www.owenmumford.com/us/healthcare-professionals/injection-pens-and-needles/
https://www.drugabuse.gov/related-topics/opioid-overdose-reversal-naloxone-narcan-evzio
Additional Resources for Counselors
The article The Overdose Reversal Drug Narcan and Counselors was originally published on Addiction-Counselor – Career and Degree Finder
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queernuck · 5 years
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Like, there’s a lot at play in the ways that pill-pressing as a substitute for real Oxy and the influx of fentanyl has absolutely upended certain trends around drug use in America, and the way that relates to imperialism, to the contradictions of American identity and ideology, to so-called events like mass shootings and the shadow of 9/11, the “crisis” rests not in the initial run-up but in fact in the response, in how it adapted that reactionary tone in some fashion even if it is more sympathetic than the response to the Crack Epidemic.
For years, overdoses on prescription painkillers were on the rise. But for quite some time, even then they were measured, were matched with other concerns: the commonality of low-dose preparations of hydrocodone and oxycodone with APAP meant that patients and users were frequently overdosing on APAP in the pills while trying to get high, not surprising when you realize that some people can tolerate a few hundred milligrams of hydrocodone or oxycodone, but were getting half a gram of Tylenol per five to ten milligram dosage of the actual substance of choice. Frankly, it was far better for many to be abusing OxyContin, specifically because the time-release could be beaten easily for those who wanted the entire dose at once, and for those who were simply popping the pills it eliminated the need to redose with more pills and more APAP, the original point of OxyContin as a medicine. This sort of abuse is not prevented by the refomulation, and newer “OP” formulations of OxyContin are still relatively popular as drugs of abuse.
However, once the reformulation occurred, there was a move to “blues”, the common designation for various preparations of 30 mg Oxycodone, sharing similar light or powder blue colors. 30s were a relatively good recreational dose, such that the previous dosing of three for 15 or 30mg of an opiate with lower-dosage pills became one, that one could become three again, and so on until someone may be doing five, six, nine blues daily to feel well. And then flipping scripts becomes less a way to afford an Oxy habit and more about affording a new heroin habit with a side dish of Oxy. But even then, while there was a whole lot of heroin going around, and a lot of people using it, it wasnt quite there that the the crisis formed, but rather when fentanyl and fentalogues started to proliferate that this became a genuine problem.
Part of what makes fentanyl such a dangerous cut is that, in fact, it can substitute for heroin very well and not at all at once. Some analogs of fentanyl have longer “legs” than others, sometimes the mix of fentanyl and inactive cut is a better ratio or includes substances which have an additive effect, and commonly a shot will be mixed from a collection of bags/stamps, or have a fentanyl hotspot and end up being fatal. It was already common enough that overdoses occurred after periods of abstinence long enough to withdraw but still followed by PAWS, or post-acute withdrawal symptoms, were matched with a “typical” dose that happened to be an overdose due to a lowered tolerance. Previously, numerous factors contributed to opiate deaths: mixing substances (benzos and alcohol as potentiators, stimulants like cocaine leading to an overdose that does not occur until the stimulant wears off) or these mistakes of tolerance combined with learned habits leading to death.
And it is that very cause that is linked to the sort of deaths that I want to discuss, those of Lil Peep and Mac Miller, by most accounts relatively seasoned drug users who overdosed due to fentanyl. Both were unintentional, neither was using heroin, both were due to the presence of Fentanyl in the place of another drug they were more experienced with. In fact, Mac Miller had both counterfeit and genuine blues when he died, but had been doing the counterfeits before eventually obtaining genuine Oxy, working under the assumption that both batches were genuine rather than only one. If he had been able to get genuine oxycodone, he might still be alive, or at the very least would have been able to use real oxy. Similarly, Peep died due to a cross-contaminated (or perhaps intentionally manufactured) bar that contained a fatal dose of Fentanyl. The absolutely miniscule doses at which Fentanyl is active means that very little can go a long way, and that improper practice by a pill presser who handles both fake Oxy and fake Xanax can easily lead to death. Even Prince’s death has been linked back to fentanyl in counterfeit pills. When rappers and rock stars can’t get real drugs anymore because of how drug laws have impacted the drug market, there is something very strange and moreover ironic going on.
While OxyContin’s original formulation is no longer marketed in the US, it still very much exists. In the past few years, as nostalgia for Oxy has grown, the proliferation of arrangements to smuggle (at no insignificant cost) genuine generics with “tamper-resistant” formulations similar to the mere signification of such a mechanic as present on original Oxy have been a favorite drug of abuse. Sandoz and MundiPharma are the primary manufacturers of such drugs, and are genuinely making pills like the ones of the mid-2000s, ones which many users will search a long time for.
As other drugs like Opana have come onto the market, attempts at creating tamper-resistance have backfired continually. The reformulation of 40mg Opana “stop signs” into a new preparation that makes them more difficult to use through insufflation could be beat by a preparation that made them suitable for injecting, but due to inadequate resources for harm reduction there was a noted outbreak of new HIV cases in Indiana specifically due to Opana users sharing needles with those new to injecting. Meanwhile, crushable Opana is one of the most expensive opiates on the street, sometimes commanding multiple dollars per milligram in formulations from 5 to 40mg/pill. The popularity as well as rarity of “Pandas” has lead to them taking on a kind of reputation as the “champagne of opiates” and they present, on a certain level, a microcosm of how crisis worsens itself, reflects itself in contradiction: the abuse was not stopped by the reformulation, but rather intensified, shifting forms due to the lack of differentiation of the body induced by the drug.
For many people, the notion of pain relief is one that is entirely unemotional, is not at all characterized by experiences of helplessness and loneliness, is most of all not characterized by an intense inability to experience euphoria or even emotions more generally. Opiates, either through the treatment of intense pain or the induction of euphoria strong enough to oppose depressive episodes, do a phenomenal job at the things they do best. Absolutely, they have addictive potential, and managing that is important. But the question remains exactly what it is that makes their use so bad, that makes it so that the use of opiates, of benzodiazepines, of hard drugs more generally is unacceptable morally before any impacts on health that may be had. 
Current formulations of drug use and abuse are so individualized, are so focused on already-racialized notions of the Other as Narcoterrorist-Assembled that the heroin dealer next door goes unnoticed. Opiate use, abuse, and overdose have become everyday parts of life for many, with the commonality of Narcan and Suboxone prescriptions to go with this commonality as evidence. But exactly why must the unwilling be saved? What must be done to make them willing? Exactly why should they be willing, in the first place, when these are such painful experiences, when being rescued from an overdose by way of Narcan is literally traumatizing in many cases, the Body without Organs generated through opiate bliss striated and constrained suddenly and without warning through so many binary-machines and receptors, the dullness and long withdrawals of Suboxone or Methadone even worse to deal with and the pressure to go through that withdrawal (rather than keep using) continual and condoned by just about every source possible. What, then, is so wrong about this? What is so wrong about conceiving of cocaine as a weekend counterpart to beers and cigarettes, an acknowledged vice but one that has been widely accepted in certain circles for years? What if pot as a painkiller is made better by some opiates on top? What if Methamphetamine provides a more effective and meaningful experience of control over ADHD’s symptoms than Adderall or Ritalin? 
These are questions that go far deeper into the phenomenology of drug use, and they aren’t going to be solved by you deciding to go out and kill your local dealer and junkie.
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revenrevival-blog · 6 years
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Hello! I may have messaged you or perhaps you found this by chance, but I’m a biomedical engineering student at Arizona State University and currently I’m working on a device that could potentially be used to treat PTSD, panic disorder, severe anxiety, specific phobias, and even epilepsy (though there are very similar epileptic devices on the market at this time). What is it? Well, the concept is pretty simple. It’s basically a nose spray (think Afrin) loaded with a low to mid dose of a benzodiazepine (think Xoloft, Ativan, etc.).
Why on earth would you use this instead of taking a pill?        The medicine is designed to be an emergency medication to help mitigate the negative effects of a panic attack, psychiatric episode, or seizure. In theory, the patient would feel an attack/episode/seizure coming on (or know they’ll be around something that will set them off) or their service animal could alert to them, at which point they would take a dose of medication out of this device, successfully lessening the episode or eliminating the attack from happening entirely. Pills take 30-60 minutes to take effect, while this takes just 1-10 minutes. While injections are a valid option, many people are scared of needles, are worried they won’t do the injection right, etc. Thus, this is a much more “patient friendly” option. What does it look like?       Here’s some prototypes. The first is made in Tinkercad and the other in Solidworks.
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Picture: Includes nozel, safety lock at the top (depicted in orange), press-to-activate button. Not pictured: Possible instructional panel, small ridge to denote the fact that the bottom screws off.
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Here is a (very) rough sketch of the device in SolidWorks. This is the front. The blue line going down the bottom is supposed to represent where the bottom would screw off from. Ok great. That’s it?
      Oh wait! THERE”S MORE!!!!! These are hand drawn sketches.
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First Picture: Shows the device unscrewed with text saying “Bottom unscrews. Keep medications/emergency info” Second Picture: Shows the front of the device with text pointing to the lock saying “Child safety twist” and underneath that an arrow to a button saying “Button to activate.” Underneath that there is an asterisk saying “Both measures keep it [the device] from releasing in bag and from premature release.” Third Picture: Shows an alternate front of the device in which an instructional label could be placed with text next to it saying “Possible instructional label?”
Fourth Picture: Shows the back of the device with a dosage counter and a place for prescription info. Pointing to the counter is the text “Number of doses left,” pointing to the label is “prescription info (dosage, strength and possibly patient name?)” Underneath it all is another asterisk saying “Should this [patient name/dosage] be included or does it feel like it pushes [patient] privacy? If so we can put info in screw lid.
     Below is a link to a survey where you can tell me which points about the design you like and dislike as well as give me more ideas. If you have any suggestions related to this or any other medical device please don’t hesitate to ask! I would greatly appreciate it if you filled out this survey and sent it around to other people this technology could help. My goal is to make this as patient-oriented as possible, and the only way to do that is to talk to people who would be the patients. Thank you for your time! https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/LRX2QC2 This is a 6 question survey and will probably take about 5 minutes to complete. All responses are greatly appreciated!
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action · 7 years
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MILLION DOLLAR QUESTION How did we let this happen as a country?!! Shouldn't we have seen this is coming!? I mean didn't doctors know what they were doing when they were prescribing these drugs? And to that end didn't pharmaceutical companies?
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The opioid epidemic in the U.S. is fundamentally tied to two primary issues. The first issue is the significant rise in opioid analgesic prescriptions that began in the mid-to-late 1990s. Not only did the volume of opioids prescribed increase, but well-intentioned healthcare providers began to prescribe opioids to treat pain in ways that we now know are high-risk and have been associated with opioid abuse, addiction, and overdose, such as prescribing at high doses and for longer durations or prescribing opioids in combination with medications like benzodiazepines which can substantially increase the risk for overdose. Providers also began to prescribe opioids for many different types of chronic pain such as low back pain, headache, and fibromyalgia – conditions we now know do not respond well to opioids. The second issue is a lack of health system and healthcare provider capacity to identify and engage individuals, and provide them with high-quality, evidence-based opioid addiction treatment, in particular the full spectrum of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) with naltrexone, buprenorphine, or methadone. It is well-documented that the majority of people with opioid addiction in the U.S. do not receive treatment, and even among those who do, many do not receive evidence-based care.  This lack of access to treatment is a significant contributor to rising rates of heroin and illicit fentanyl use, injection drug use, and overdose death. Accounting for these fundamental factors is paramount to the development of a successful strategy to combat the opioid crisis.
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There was definitely an element of misinformation and deceit that was the tipping point for all of this. In 1996 the American Pain Society coined the phrase “pain as a 5th vital sign,” which eventually brought the pain scale into every acute care setting in America. Coincidentally (perhaps,) 1996 was the same year Perdue Pharma introduced OxyContin with an aggressive marketing campaign that touted it was “non-addictive” and “safe for long-term pain management.” A large portion of their profit was invested back into lobbying against regulations that allowed the problem to perpetuate. Here’s a source for additional information: 
Dreamland: The True Story of America’s Opiate Epidemic
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healthcare-market · 3 years
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Antidotes Market : Global Industry Revenue and Share by Manufacturers
Antidotes are medicines, chelating drugs, or pharmaceutical ingredients that neutralize the effect of poison or another drug. Paracetamol poisoning is the major concern all over the world as it is the most common drug taken in intentional overdose. Opioid poisoning, cyanide poisoning, benzodiazepine poisoning and other toxins can be neutralized using antidotes. Different types of antidotes are available to neutralize the effect of one particular drug and to reduce the toxicity of many drugs. There are antidotes that are 100% effective, while some can cause fatalities. Examples of antidotes are pralidoxime for poisoning by anti-cholinesterase nerve agents, naloxone for opioid overdose, methylene blue for drug-induced methemoglobinemia, flumazenil for benzodiazepine overdose, dimercaprol for arsenic, gold, or inorganic mercury poisoning, digoxin immune fab for digoxin toxicity, atropine for organophosphates and carbamates, activated charcoal for most poisons, and acetylcysteine for acetaminophen poisoning.
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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), over 5 million people across the world suffer from snake bites each year, and nearly 100,000 of these develop severe sequela. Mortality rate in developing countries in Asia Pacific such as India was approximately 30,000, whereas in developed countries in North America such as the U.S. it was 50,000 cases of bites, of which 7,000 were by venomous snakes.
Increase in awareness and studies regarding the identification of toxins of venomous bites by companies and governments to increase the knowledge of antidotes and drugs is projected to drive the global antidotes market during the forecast period. Rise in prevalence of the medical conditions associated with antidotes such as trichotillomania, toxoplasmosis prophylaxis, smoking cessation, reversal of sedation, reversal of opioid sedation, pneumocystis pneumonia prophylaxis, and opioid overdose drives demand for antidotes. However, rise in prices of anti-venoms is anticipated to restrain the global antidotes market during the forecast period.
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The global antidotes market can be segmented based on antidote type, dosage form, mode of action, and region. In terms of antidote type, the market can be categorized into chemical antidotes, physical antidotes, and pharmacological antidotes. Based on dosage form, the global antidotes market can be bifurcated into oral and injectable. Oral dosage can be divided into capsules or tablets, and syrup. Based on mode of action, the market can be segmented into poison, drug, and toxin.
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Geographically, the global antidotes market can be segmented into Latin America, Asia Pacific, Europe, North America, and Middle East & Africa. North America held the largest market share in 2016, due to increase in research and development on antidotes in the region. Europe held the second largest market share in 2016, due to technological advancements in antidotes. The market in Asia Pacific is anticipated to grow at a rapid pace during the forecast period owing to increase in prevalence of medical conditions associated with antidotes such as nerve agent poisoning, methotrexate rescue, methanol poisoning, mercury poisoning, lead poisoning, and gold poisoning. The market in Latin America and Middle East & Africa is anticipated to be driven by rise in government initiatives regarding antidotes.
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Key players in the global antidotes market include ADAPT Pharma, Inc., Baxter International, Inc., Cumberland Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Meridian Medical Technologies, Inc., Graceway Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Luitpold Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novartis AG, Protherics, Inc., ApoPharma USA, Inc., Apotex, Inc., and Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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