#How to prepare for cbse class 10 hindi paper

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CBSE Supplementary Exam 2024 Dates Announced: Check Your Schedule Now!

The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) has officially released the tentative date sheet for the 2024 supplementary examinations. This announcement is crucial for students who wish to improve their scores and for parents guiding their children through this process. Below, we provide a detailed overview of the schedule, its significance, and practical insights on preparing for these exams.

Overview of the CBSE Supplementary Exams 2024

What Are Supplementary Exams?

Supplementary exams, also known as improvement or compartment exams, offer students an additional opportunity to enhance their performance in subjects where they did not achieve the desired marks. These exams are a critical part of the academic calendar, ensuring that students have the chance to meet the academic standards required for progression.

Key Dates and Schedule

Class 10 Supplementary Exam Dates

July 15: Social Science

July 16: Hindi Course A, B

July 18: Science

July 19: Mathematics Standard, Mathematics Basic

July 20: English Communicative, English Language and Literature

July 22: Languages

Class 12 Supplementary Exam Date

July 15: All subjects

Provisional Nature of the Schedule

It is important to note that the date sheet released is provisional. The final schedule will be confirmed after the deadline for submitting the List of Candidates (LOC). This provisional schedule is intended to help students plan and prepare effectively for their exams.

How to Access the Date Sheet

Parents and students can download the supplementary exam date sheet from the official CBSE website. Here are the steps to follow:

Visit the Official CBSE Website: Go to cbse.gov.in.

Navigate to the Examination Section: Look for the “Examinations” or “Academic” section on the homepage.

Find the Datesheet Link: Search for the link related to the “Supplementary Exam Datesheet” for 2024.

Select the Relevant Class: There will be separate links for Class 10 and Class 12.

Download the Datesheet: Click on the relevant link to open a PDF file of the datesheet, which you can then download and print.

Important Considerations for Parents and Students

Understanding the Importance of Supplementary Exams

Academic Improvement: These exams provide a crucial second chance for students to improve their academic performance and overall results.

Future Opportunities: Better scores can significantly impact future academic and career opportunities, including higher education and scholarships.

Preparing for the Exams

Review the Syllabus: Focus on the syllabus prescribed for the 2023-24 session to ensure comprehensive preparation.

Create a Study Plan: Develop a structured study plan that allocates sufficient time for each subject, emphasizing weaker areas.

Practice Previous Papers: Solving previous years' supplementary exam papers can provide insights into the exam pattern and help in time management.

Seek Support: Utilize school resources, including teachers and academic counselors, to clarify doubts and get guidance on effective study strategies.

Practical Insights

Time Management: Encourage your child to manage their time effectively, balancing study sessions with breaks to avoid burnout.

Healthy Lifestyle: Ensure that your child maintains a healthy lifestyle with adequate sleep, nutrition, and physical activity, all of which are essential for optimal cognitive function.

Emotional Support: Provide emotional support and encouragement to help your child stay motivated and confident throughout their preparation period.

Conclusion

The release of the CBSE supplementary exam date sheet is a significant event for students aiming to improve their academic records. By understanding the schedule, accessing the necessary resources, and following practical preparation tips, students can make the most of this opportunity. Parents play a vital role in supporting and guiding their children through this process, ensuring they are well-prepared and confident to achieve their academic goals.

[she-rambled-but-they-were-true]

Fucking hell

Welcome to my TED talk where I tell you why our board manuals and preparation are useless. Ok, so I had my Hindi board today, it went well, alright not bad, eh, the lit and writing part was ok, all good and well. Now we come to grammar which is all right fine, ig I did ok, now, I come to comprehension tell me why(I had 4/4/4, set -2) the first question in the entire paper and I get the first four answers as all B, I am telling you, I have been having an impending panic attack the entire day. I cannot tell you how anxious I have been the entire day that I basically fucked up the first question FIRST QUESTION of my FIRST BOARD paper. I have been asking around to EVERYONE whether they have set two and whether they got the same answer to the first question as me, not just people from my school people from different schools in my area and people from different states I know. And they kept telling me that they did not get the same answers as me at all, my friend sent this answer key thingy with the answers of the 4 sets and I check and I am like BLOODY HELL, did I fuck up 50 per cent of my paper and I actually wanted to cry.

Now, Ways this could have been avoided was if THE FREAKING TEACHERS WERE KIND ENOUGH TO KINDLY LET US KNOW THERE LIKE 25 SETS, and tell me why I thought there were only going to be 4 sets throughout the entirety of India, I asked someone I knew and they were like, yes, there 6 groups of 4 sets which are 24 sets. So whoever I asked it's pointless because there is very little chance that we got the same group and set of paper, WHY ??, I-

Either ways is any of you cbse board, class 10 2023-24 term, Hindi board 2(sparsh, sanchayan), set no. 2 grp 4/4/2?? if so pls tell me what you got for the first comprehension (the magnus chase and Rameshbabu Praggnanandhaa para), I got 1-4 as B and 5th as D

[ncert-prep]

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Computer Science Free PDF Download

To free download NCERT Questions and answers of NCERT Books All Classes Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Political Science, Economics, Geography, Computer Science, Accountancy, Business Studies, Hindi, English, Mathematics, EVS,  Social Science and Home Science; do check NCERTPREP website. This site provides sample papers with solution, test papers for chapter-wise practice, NCERT book solution, NCERT Exemplar solutions, quick revision notes for ready reference, CBSE guess papers and CBSE important question papers. Sample Paper all are made available through the best app for CBSE students and NCERTPREP website.

Class 11 NCERT Solution Computer Science Python includes all the questions given in NCERT Books for all Subject. Here all questions are solved with detailed information and available for free to check. NCERT Solutions Class 11 Computer Science Python are given here for all chapter wise. Select the subject and choose chapter to view NCERT Solution chapter wise.

Computer Science is a practical subject.  Deriving every answer on your own is a tedious task. Most of the students find it difficult to solve the problems or the practice exercise of the NCERT textbook difficult. So, what’s the best way out? The best way is to have a solution book. The first unit comprises of computer fundamentals, software concepts, data representation, microprocessor, and memory. The basics of Operating systems and some common algorithms are dealt with here.  The data representation is the main and very important chapter of computer science.

The main concept of binary numbers and how they are stored in computer memory is well explained. A student should learn to convert a decimal number into binary and vice versa. Practice the question given at the end of your NCERT books and verify the answer from the solution book.

The solution book also explains step by step how the answer has been derived. All the concepts related to microprocessors such as Instructions sets, 8085, and 8086 microprocessors have been explained in the fourth chapter.

Moving over to the next unit i.e. program methodology teaches us how to write any language in syntax. How the comments are used and why writing comments is very important in coding. The next chapter algorithms and flowcharts throw light over modular and structured programming. The various operators such as AND, OR, and NOT have been discussed in detail over here.

The third and the fourth unit deals with the language “PYTHON”. Python is a programming language basically the most trending and acceptable language in today’s world. You can build anything to everything by using python’s libraries and tools. It is used in web development, Blockchain development, somewhere in AI and ML as well. It’s a very easy language with many active communities worldwide. It has been rated as 5/5 over the user-friendly ratings.

The third unit basically teaches you the basics of python, the operators, functions, and loops. The fifth unit calls for some nice coding skills. A solution book helps a student in the right kind of logic building so that the code development process goes clear in the kind of a student

NCERT Solutions of NCERT Books All Classes for CBSE class 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & 12 are very helpful to students. Although, NCERT solutions contain only chapter-end questions and answers yet these are considered as key questions. Most of the questions in exams are either same or similar to these questions. So, it is advised that students must go through the NCERT Text Books and practice all the questions given at the end of the chapter. These questions will clear their basic doubts. We also recommend students should read the whole NCERT book line by line and prepare notes from NCERT books. It is always recommended to study NCERT books as it covers the whole syllabus. These questions with detailed explanation are now available in NCERTPREP.com for free to view and download.

First of all, Student must understand that NCERT textbook answers are not enough for exam preparation. Therefore, they must take NCERT textbook question and answers as basic learning tools. These questions and answers are basically meant for understanding the concepts. NCERT textbooks are certainly a good source of quality content. Hence, it is expected that students should not settle for chapter end questions only rather they should read the whole book thoroughly.NCERT Solution of NCERT Books All Classes are available in PDF format for free download. These ncert book chapter wise questions and answers are very helpful for CBSE exam. CBSE recommends NCERT books and most of the questions in CBSE exam are asked from NCERT textbooks.

We hope that our NCERT Solutions Class 11 Computer Science Python helped with your studies! If you liked our NCERT Solutions for Class 11, please share this post.

[sonita0526]

सीबीएसई कक्षा 10: इन आसान टिप्स की मदद से करें हिंदी पेपर की तैयारी, अच्छे अंक आए

सीबीएसई कक्षा 10: इन आसान टिप्स की मदद से करें हिंदी पेपर की तैयारी, अच्छे अंक आए

खास बातें

10 वीं का हिंदी विषय का पेपर 28 फरवरी को होना है।

10 वीं कक्षा में हिंदी के 2 पेपर ए और बी होते हैं।

पेपर ए और बी दोनों ही 80 नंबर के होते हैं।

नई दिलवाली:

सीबीएसई की 10 वीं का हिंदी विषय का पेपर 28 फरवरी को होना है। 10 वीं कक्षा में हिंदी के 2 पेपर ए और बी होते हैं। पेपर ए और बी दोनों ही 80 नंबर के होते हैं। हिंदी (CBSE 10 वीं हिंदी का पेपर) स्कोरिंग विषय है, पेपर की अच्छी…

[arinjay-academy]

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz

Kshitij class 10 NCERT Solutions are provided by Arinjay Academy is the best choice of study material for board exams. Our NCERT solutions for class 10 hindi kshitij are available free to download in PDF format and anyone can learn or read our NCERT solutions ON-Line and OFF-Line both. With Arinjay Academy's class 10 hindi kshitij solutions and well explained answers, you can master CBSE class 10 Hindi and attempt every question of your question paper.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz

Kshitiz is one of the most important textbooks for the class 10 Hindi. The Kshitiz textbook covers seventeen chapters. Poems by nine poets are included and are organised according to historical timelines. The poem depicts numerous Baktikal, Ritikal, and modern-day tendencies in order for pupils to become familiar with the growth process.

For both modal learning and chapter-by-chapter NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz may be found here. These solutions will help you comprehend the difficult problems in the Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz NCERT Book Syllabus, allowing you to do well in the Class 10 Board Exam.

From the standpoint of the exam, all of the chapter question answers are crucial. In addition, all the NCERT questions in each chapter are explained using a step-by-step manner so that students may understand all of the points. With a good review, an experienced Hindi teacher delivers solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz.

How will NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz will Help you?

We have used a simple language in class 10 hindi kshitij NCERT solutions so that students can understand the difficult topics easyli. Our class 10 hindi solutions kshitij are available in PDF formats, you can download them and read anytime OFF-Line. These easy to understand kshitij class 10 hindi NCERT solutions will help you to get good grades in your CBSE exams as we have prepared all of them for the exam point of views.

Getting good grades in the Class 10 board exam will help you get into the best school with the best subjects. As a result, CBSE students must practise all of the questions and be mentally prepared to take the board test.

How Can get Good Grades in NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Hindi Kshitiz

The various topic professors describe the NCERT Solutions for Class 10 patterns in such a comfortable and well-described manner.

You will learn about the essential aspects of the chapter by using the NCERT solutions for class 10 Hindi, which you can record throughout examinations in order to gain good grades. You must answer all of the questions in the literature section because it is a highly essential and scoring section.

[superchaosfury]

Science 10

Science 10 Answer Key

Science 10th Grade

Science 10

Grade 10 Science Exam Papers

Class 10 Science

Releasing on 1 December. Ch 1: Chemical Reactions and Equations. NCERT Text Book Chapter Objective Questions Previous Years Solved Papers Chapter-wise QB. Ch 2: Acids, Bases and Salts. Download driver joystick ps3 for pc. NCERT Text Book Chapter Objective Questions.

ScienceDirect is the world's leading source for scientific, technical, and medical research. Explore journals, books and articles.

General Information. Unit A: Energy and Matter in Chemical Change (Chemistry) Chapter 1 Atoms, Elements and Compounds. Chapter 2 Names, Formulas.

This document replaces The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 9 and 10: Science, 1999. Beginning in September 2009, all science programs for Grades 9 and 10 will be based on the expectations outlined in this document. SECONDARy SCHOOLS FOR THE TWENTy-FIRST CENTURy The goal of Ontario secondary schools is to support high-quality learning while giving.

Science 10 is the prerequisite for Biology 20-30, Chemistry 20-30, Physics 20-30, and Science 20-30. Button Text The goal of this course is to examine various aspects chemistry, biology, physics and Earth sciences, and to introduce the student to scientific thinking and experimentation.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science: National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) is a self-governing organization of the Indian government that provides the curriculum for CBSE and some state board schools in India. So the candidates appearing for different board exams of Class 10 can refer to this NCERT Syllabus and prepare for their examinations which in turn helps candidates make a grade.

You can also Download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths in Hindi to help you to revise complete Syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science

Here is the chapter-wise NCERT Solutions for class 10 science in Hindi Medium and English Medium are listed below:

Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

Chapter 2 Acids Bases and Salts

Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals

Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds

Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of Elements

Chapter 6 Life Process

Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

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Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce?

Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution

Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

Chapter 11 Human Eye and Colourful World

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Chapter 12 Electricity

Chapter 13 Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

Chapter 14 Sources of Energy

Chapter 15 Our Environment

Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science involves concepts from biology, physics, and chemistry. Candidates must possess a detailed knowledge of the NCERT Solutions based on the syllabus to get the good results in the board exams. NCERT Science syllabus for Class 10 is designed to provide a strong foundation for various exams such as JEE, NEET, etc.

So, it is very much important for the students to understand the concepts involved in NCERT Class 10 Physics, NCERT Class 10 Chemistry and NCERT Class 10 Biology while learning to avoid any difficulty in later stages. These NCERT Class 10 Solutions of each chapter will almost represent your NCERT class 10 Science class notes, so read on for more updates on questions and answers.

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 1

Science 10 Answer Key

Chemical Reactions and Equations chapter explains the concepts related to chemical reactions and equations. Here, you will know different types of reactions taking place in the surrounding. Some important topics explained in this chapter are:

Writing and balancing chemical equations

Different types of chemical reactions

Combination reaction

Decomposition reaction

Displacement reaction

Double displacement reaction

Effects of oxidation reactions in everyday life: Corrosion & Rancidity

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 2

Acids, Bases and Salts chapter mainly explains the difference between acids, bases and salts. It also deals with various types of reactions related to these three forms of chemical compounds. Some important topics involved in this chapter are:

Chemical properties of acids and bases

Reaction between acids and bases

Reactions of metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates with acids

Reaction of metallic oxides with acids

Reaction of non-metallic oxide with base

Acid or base in a water solution

Determining the strengths of acid or base solutions

Importance of pH in everyday life

Nature and formation of different salts

Chemicals from common salt

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NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 3

All the aspects related to metals and non-metals like their physical/chemical properties, reactiveness and various chemical reactions. Important topics covered in this chapter are:

Physical properties of metals and non-metals

Chemical properties of metals and non-metals

Reactions of metals and non-metals

Occurrence and extraction of metals

Corrosion and its prevention

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 4

Carbon and its Compounds chapter describes various features of carbon element and different compounds formed by it. Give below are the main topics covered in class 10 Science Chapter 4:

Bonding in Carbon

Saturated and Unsaturated Carbon Compounds

Homologous Series

Nomenclature of carbon Compounds

Chemical Properties of carbon Compounds

Properties of some important carbon compounds: Ethanol and Ethanoic Acid

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 5

Here students get to learn the carious concepts related to the classification of elements. Some major concepts discussed in this chapter are:

Dobereiner’s Triads

Newlands’ Law Of Octaves

Mendeleev’s Periodic Table: Its merits and demerits

The Modern Periodic Table

Position of Elements in Modern Periodic Table

Trends in the Modern Periodic Table

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 6

Life Processes chapter deals with the various biological processes and reaction taking place in organisms. Some major topics covered in this chapter are:

What are Life Process?

Nutrition in Organisms: Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Nutrition

How do organisms obtain their nutrition

Nutrition in human beings: Respiration, Transportation and Excretion

Excretion in human beings and Plants

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 7

Control and Coordination chapter gives details of different ways in which organisms respond to the stimuli. Here you also get to know about the human nervous system, automatics and voluntary actions, exocrine and endocrine glands, etc. Practice following concepts before working on NCERT solutions:

Nervous system of human beings

Reflex actions and their path

Action of nervous tissues

Coordination In Plants

Different ways in which plants respond to stimulus

Action of different hormones in animals

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 8

How do Organisms Reproduce chapter students get to learn different methods of reproduction in plants and animals and get aware of the various methods of birth control in humans. Some of the important topics discussed in this chapter are:

Modes of asexual reproduction: Fission, Fragmentation, Regeneration, Budding, Vegetative propagation, Spore Formation

Sexual reproduction and its significance

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants

Reproduction in Human Beings

Reproductive systems in human male and female

Process involved in fertilisation of egg

Reproductive Health and different ways of birth control

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 9

Heredity And Evolution chapter deals with the details related to heredity and evolution of different species. Darwin’s theory of evolution and natural selection are also discussed here. Go through the major topics mentioned below:

Variations observed in different generations

Heredity

Rules for Inheritance of Traits

Mendel’s experiments on expression of traits generation to generation

Sex determination

Evolution

Acquired and Inherited Traits

Speciation

Tracing Evolutionary Relationships

Human Evolution

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 10

Light Reflection and Refraction explains the concepts of reflection and refraction of light. It also explains the Image formation by a plane mirror/curved mirrors and lenses. Some important topics to learn from this chapter are:

Reflection of light

Image formation by spherical mirrors

Sign convention for reflection by spherical mirrors

Mirror formula and magnification

Refraction of Light

Refraction through a rectangular glass slab

Refractive index

Refraction by spherical lenses

Image formation by spherical lenses

Sign Convention for refraction by spherical lenses

Lens Formula and Magnification

Power of Lens

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 11

The Human Eye and Colorful World chapter students get to know each and every detail of the human eye from its structure to its working. Various defects of vision are also discussed here. It also explains atmospheric refraction and various phenomena related to it. Some major topics discussed in this chapter are:

Structure and working of human eye

Power of accommodation of human eye

Defects of vision and their correction

Refraction of light through a prism

Dispersion of white light through a glass prism

Atmospheric refraction and its effects

Scattering of light (Tyndall Effect) and its applications in nature

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 12

Science 10th Grade

Electricity chapter explains electric current, its applications and various effects related to it. Go through the following major topics before starting with the NCERT questions and solutions:

Introduction to electric current

Potential difference

Ohm’s law and its graphical representation

Factors on which the Resistance of the conductor depends – Resistivity

Resistors in series and parallel: Calculation of resultant resistance in the series, current and voltage across each resistor

Advantage of parallel combination over the series combination

Heating effects of electric circuit: Joule’s law of heating effect of electric current

Electric fuse

Power

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 13

Magnetic Effects of Electric Current chapter is all about the magnetic field, field lines, field due to a current carrying conductor, AC and DC generator, Advantages of AC over DC and domestic electric circuits. NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13 includes following major topics:

Magnetic field and its representation as field lines

Magnetic field due to current carrying conductor

Magnetic field due to the current through a straight conductor

Right-hand thumb rule

Magnetic field due to a current through a circular loop

Magnetic field due to a current in a solenoid

Force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field

Electric motor

Electromagnetic induction

Electric generator

Domestic electric circuits

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 14

Science 10

Sources of Energy: Different forms of energy and their sources are discussed in this chapter. Some of the main topics explained in this chapter are:

Grade 10 Science Exam Papers

Ideal source of energy

Conventional sources of energy: Fossil fuels, thermal power plant, hydro power plants

Bio mass and wind energy as major energy resources

Non-Conventional Sources of Energy: Solar Energy, Energy from Sea, Geothermal Energy, Nuclear Energy

Renewable and non-renewable sources of energy and their availability in the long run

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 15

Our Environment chapter deals with various components of environment components and how human activities are affecting the environment. Dance gavin dance lyrics lie. Some of the main topics discussed in this chapter are:

Eco system and its components

Food chains and webs

Ozone Layer and its depletion

Managing the garbage we Produce

NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Science Chapter 16

Sustainable Management of Natural Resources chapter you get to know about the different natural resources, their advantages and conservation efforts. Here main focus should be laid on the following concepts:

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Natural resources and their management

Management of forests and wild life

Dams

Water harvesting

Management of fossil fuels; Coal and Petroleum

NCERT Class 10 Science Solutions Pdf

We have also created NCERT class 10 science solutions in PDF format. Click Here to download NCERT class 10 Science Solutions PDF.

FAQs for NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science

1. Why do I choose NCERT Solutions for CBSE Class 10 Science?

NCERT Class 10 Science Solutions is the perfect guide for CBSE students during their board exam preparation. As it is created by qualified subject teachers as per the latest class 10 CBSE Science Syllabus. You can discover various solved and unsolved questions and exercises along with sample papers & important questions list for every concept on Class 10 NCERT Science Solutions, that aids you to prepare well for board exams.

2. Where can I get NCERT Solutions for Class 10th Science (Physics, Chemistry & Biology)?

LearnCBSE.in allows students to overcome their nightmares with NCERT Books Solutions for all sciences subjects like Physics, Chemistry & Biology for class 10. You can get them online at our website or else directly click on the quick links available on our page.

3. What is the price for NCERT Class 10 Science Solutions Textbooks?

Through our website, you can access NCERT Textbook Solutions for class 10 science for free of cost. So, download CBSE Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions PDF from our page and seek more knowledge of science concepts.

4. What is best for NCERT solutions for class 10 science?

By preparing with NCERT Solutions for science exams provide you various benefits like Important questions, solved and unsolved exercises for each concept, MCQ questions for class 10 board exams, One-word Answers, Assertions, Repetitive questions, previous papers, and many more that help students to score good grades in the preboard and board exams.

5. How can I study science in class 10?

Read & Practice all the concepts of science with NCERT Science Solutions books thoroughly while your exam preparation. Also, solve the previous year question papers of class 10 CBSE science board exams by using NCERT Textbook Solutions for Class 10 Science. NCERT Science Solutions provide a detailed analysis of the curriculum and topics which helps class 10 students to study science in a simple way.

Class 10 Science

6. How many chapters are there in class 10 science NCERT Books?

With a total of 16 Chapters are contained in the latest class 10 Science syllabus, NCERT Solutions for class 10 science is the best resource to understand all 16 chapters easily. So, download Science NCERT class 10 Solutions of your choice from the quick links available on our page and give your exam preparation a perfect shape with a subject expert’s guidance.

Now that you are provided all the necessary details regarding NCERT Solutions for class 10 Science and we hope this detailed article on NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science is helpful. If you have any query regarding this article or NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science, leave your comments in the comment section below and we will get back to you as soon possible.

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Try our free best CBSE Sample Paper Class 10 & 12

NEET Study Material 2019Did you know that CBSE has introduced major changes in CBSE Class 10 & 12 Exam Pattern 2020? You should get familiarized with the latest pattern before you sit down for the preparation. It is very important to understand the marking scheme and the section-wise mark distribution.

 We provide you best study material for class 10/12, along with free samples to try out our best books before buying. To score high, it is always a wise decision to refer only books that provide concept building and errorless. You have it here. Try out our free samples.

 What are the changes in CBSE Class 10 Pattern 2020?

 Here is a quick highlight of CBSE Class 10 latest Patterns.

 Internal Assessment:

 A total of 3 periodic tests will be conducted on each subject. An average of two will be taken for final submission, which is out of 20, 5 marks for each test.

 Other assessments includes, Oral Test, Maps, graphics, Activities, Assignments, Group/Individual assessment etc carries 5 marks.

 Portfolio consists of 5 marks. It is the work done by the students, which includes the progress, growth, efforts, and achievement of a student.  

 Subject Enrichment Activities consists of 5 marks. The marks are given by assessing the practical, project works, and language skills of the students.

 Exam Pattern Class 10:

 There will be two-level of Math’s exam: Basic Mathematics and Standard Mathematics Both have to chosen by students

 The number of MCQs will be more

 The internal choices in the question paper are to increase by 33%

 25% objective type questions in all subjects. 20 marks will be assigned to objective type questions out of 80 marks, which includes Multiple Choice Questions, Fill in the Blanks, etc

 What is the latest pattern of CBSE Class 12 2020?

 The internal assessment for Class 12 will be assessed as under.

 20% marks to be allotted for internal assessment. The distributions are as follows

Particulars of Internal Assessment  

Mark Distribution

Periodic  Test

5 Marks

Multiple  Assessment

5 Marks

Portfolio

5 Marks

Subject  Enrichment Activities

5 Marks

Total

20 Marks

Following are the Pattern in the exam:

25 % of questions will be of objective types, which includes Blanks, Assertion-Reason, for all subjects

33% will be for internal choices, to help score better marks

Is CBSE syllabus the same as NCERT?

NCERT (National Council of Educational Research and Training) is a publishing body or a publisher; whereas CBSE (Central Board of secondary/school examinations/education) is the board or the governing body.  NCERT prescribes books for CBSE.

Is CBSE syllabus the same all over India?

Yes, to a great extent, the syllabus for all CBSE schools in India has the same one. This is because most schools follow NCERT books. Largely the syllabus is the same for all the states in India.

How to select the best sample papers for CBSE Class 10 & 12 for 2020?

The books in themselves have very limited information on given topics. Sample books provide a wide range of information and get you prepared for any type of question. At Disha Publication we have just the right type of books to get you fully prepared with the latest pattern. You can try out our CBSE sample paper class 10 Maths/Science/SST/English/Hindi. Just in one place. Here is how:

Try out the free samples first

Check for the important topics

Locate the practice types of question

What strategy the book uses to give the best understanding

All these elements you can find in our books. Now try out the best books for class 10/12.

Also, read more info about the NEET Study Material 2019 and top 10 books for PSC 2020

Source: https://www.prlog.org/12812930-try-our-free-best-cbse-sample-paper-class-10-12.html

[edubull]

Boost your skills by taking CBSE online courses from Edubull

We all live in the digital era and almost all students depend on the online education platform for study. Apart from school, children do not want to go, coaching classes, they prefer online classes. In online classes, the teacher focuses to make the child’s base strong and clear their all concept. They use a new and unique method in understanding the concept. In India, you can easily find many online education platforms but no guarantee they provide the best teachers and knowledge. In this article, you will know about the topmost and popular online platform for a study that is EduBull. Here you will learn how you can increase your knowledge and skill by CBSE online courses with EduBull.

What are the benefits of taking CBSE online courses?

CBSE online courses have various types of ebooks, mock tests, video solutions, in each subject such as- science, Hindi, English, and social studies by practical approach. This practical approach helps kids to analyze and understand the concept. Students can easily learn all subjects and concepts and achieve a better score in their final test or examination.

The EduBull know very well class 10 and 12 is a crucial stage for every student because after 10 or 12th class student decides what course they should opt-in. CBSE online courses from EduBull offer various types of mock tests, previous year paper with topic wise questions and answers that help students to analyze where they lack and which area they need to improve. By doing this student get a good score in their board examination and they can easily select their desired stream for making their future bright.

At this time every students and parent have a dream that their child learns at the top college or university to get a job quickly with high paid salary. Nowadays, to study at topmost university student have to clear some exams. Students can’t achieve any goal without doing practice again and again. If you select the CBSE online courses from EduBull you do not need to take tension about entrance exams. The EduBull offers various sessions or videos on how to crack any entrance exam easily. They also provide many practice sets, test series, mock tests for their students. Students can take this test and improve their weaker area, make it a strong and easily clear entrance exam or government exam.

What course you will get by selecting CBSE online courses?

EduBull offers many courses through CBSE online courses. Here you will read some of the course.

All subject of class first to twelve

Olympiad exam preparation

Entrance exam preparation

Joint entrance exam preparation

Some non-academic courses like cooking, computer, language, dance, music, etc.

Select the best online courses and make your future bright.

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How to score 90+ in board exams?

CBSE and RBSE Boards Exams 2020

are just a few months away and scoring 90% and above is only possible if you have been studying throughout the year; however, if you’re one of the late risers then here are some tips that can boost your percentage and help you score 90+ in the exams. CBSE and RBSE Boards Exams 2020 Particle Exams Schedule is also released.

1. Previous Year Question Papers – the Key to Success

Solve at least the previous 10 years’ question papers like a mock exam and try to answer as much as you can. This will help you not only in the revision of the concepts you have studied but also in assessing the difficulty level and preparing those concepts better that are usually asked time and again. Even if you are not in a mood to study you could simply go through these papers or the sample papers and have a look at the questions asked and assess mentally whether you know the concepts or not and how will you answer them. From IIT to NEET to Civil Services, the toppers of even the toughest exams vouch on the goodness of Previous Year Question Papers. Start them asap, if not as yet.

2. Compete with Yourself

Keep a clear and brief record of your marks in all the previous tests and pre-boards to gauge how much improvement you need in which subject. Remember each paper carries equal weightage and you have to study all subjects. Practice previous year exam papers and attempt mock question papers and compete with yourself each time.

3. Don’t go Out of Syllabus

It’s good to study reference books for enhancing your knowledge however when board exams are drawing closer and your sole objective is to score as high as you can in the exams, you must strictly follow the books listed in your syllabus.

4. Identify your Weaknesses

By the time its February, you would’ve given multiple tests on each and every subject and this will make it easier for you to identify your weak areas.

5. Time Management

Making use of each and every minute is a trait which differentiates 90+ scorers from 80 or 70 percentagers. To score 90+ you need to utilize each and every minute and study a total of at least 8 hours a day – for that cut down your sleep to 6 hours instead of 8, utilize the free time during school, stay less distracted and most importantly stop going to your coaching classes (unless you have to clear any doubts) instead indulge in self study and solving exam papers.

6. Drive Away Distractions

Distractions mostly include Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, etc. Take a break from your social media accounts for the next four months. This is the most crucial time to lay a great foundation for your career and success in life.

7. Focus on Languages

Despite the fact that most of the students focus on Physics, Maths, Chemistry, Biology, etc. as these are the tough nuts to crack, do not ignore the language subjects like English and Hindi, as these are the subjects that can actually boost your percentage even if you under perform in any of the other subjects. Just spare an hour to languages and aim at 95+ if not 100.

8. Clarity of Thought, Expression & Handwriting

Teachers from CBSE and RBSE boards are being appointed to check the answer sheets of students. The assessors check thousands of answer sheets in limited time. Therefore, you must attempt a neat and clean answer sheet where the teacher doesn’t have to stress herself/himself merely to figure out your handwriting or fishing out the gist of your answers. Aim to present your answers in neat handwriting and write answers with clarity of thought and simple sentence structure. Read the full article

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Digital Lessons on Social Science

ICSE is considered to be more difficult than CBSE. And hence it demands more hard work and dedication. Studying subjects like History and Civics, which require your full attention and don't leave scope for even a minor loss of focus, under ICSE is quite challenging. But don't worry digital platforms like Extramarks are here to look out for you on this journey of class 10 board examinations. You can study ICSE class 10 History and Civics, through a click of a button, because extramarks is a learning app, which caters to the need of students online and helps them get ahead in their studies by providing them with all type of reading material which is guaranteed to make you learn as easily as you fall asleep in class. It uses a unique technique, paired with easy language and detailed explanations, which is the reason that students all over the internet are going crazy over it. Not only history and civics, but extramarks teaches you other subjects as well, like computer science, English, Hindi, geography, math, science, etc. You are up for a good experience if you decide to sign up on extramarks, since it is trusted to be all-sufficient to pass your board exams with good grades. You can study at any time, on your phone, your personal computer, or on your tablet, for just half an hour, and it will teach you an entire chapter in that hour, so thoroughly, that you will have it at the tip of your fingers.

Extramarks is also the best place to test your preparation for the upcoming exams so that you know how deep you are in the water. It can be used for revisions and also for short notes. It provides you with sample papers and previous year question papers. It provides 7 days' free trial where a student can access the whole app for seven days without restrictions experiencing the best visual modules for learning, practice modules that provide fun activities and gamified exercises and innovative tests. And hence, it aspires to provide children with the resources that will help then save up a lot of time and money while giving them access to quality education. So visit extramarks online, and you will be satisfied and will appear confident in all your exams because it will make you prepare thoroughly for it. Get your study material now and you will be thanking your self that you did so.

[learncbse-hindi]

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper: With CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 board exams knocking at the door, students must be wondering how to go about with their board exam preparation at this last moment. In this article, we will provide you with CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 previous year papers with solutions pdf free download for all subjects – English, Hindi, Social Science, Science, and Maths. While the…

[learnenglishcbsein]

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper: With CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 board exams knocking at the door, students must be wondering how to go about with their board exam preparation at this last moment. In this article, we will provide you with CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 previous year papers with solutions pdf free download for all subjects – English, Hindi, Social Science, Science, and Maths. While the…

[learncbse-science]

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper: With CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 board exams knocking at the door, students must be wondering how to go about with their board exam preparation at this last moment. In this article, we will provide you with CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 previous year papers with solutions pdf free download for all subjects – English, Hindi, Social Science, Science, and Maths. While the…

[ncertsolutionsbooks]

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper: With CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 board exams knocking at the door, students must be wondering how to go about with their board exam preparation at this last moment. In this article, we will provide you with CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 previous year papers with solutions pdf free download for all subjects – English, Hindi, Social Science, Science, and Maths. While the…

[shravyasharma190]

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper for CBSE Class 10 & 12 (All Subjects)

Previous Year Question Paper: With CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 board exams knocking at the door, students must be wondering how to go about with their board exam preparation at this last moment. In this article, we will provide you with CBSE Class 10 and Class 12 previous year papers with solutions pdf free download for all subjects – English, Hindi, Social Science, Science, and Maths. While the…

[margdarsanme]

NCERT Class 11 English Reading Discursive Passages

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 English Reading :: Discursive Passages

Unseen Passages for Class 11 CBSE With Answers PDF – Discursive Passages:

Read the following passages carefully:

Passage 1:  The art of reading right

Reading Comprehension (RC, as it is normally called) is the most peculiar section in almost all scholastic, entrance and employment tests. The skills in RC make a lot of difference to one’s chances of good grades/selection.

Most students find it difficult to tackle topics that are diverse from the field they are in or they are comfortable with. So one needs to develop a taste for even the most obscure and boring topic on this planet. For success in RC one should be able to understand. And even with an average speed one can succeed if one implements the strategies.

Broadly speaking, RC passages can be classified in a few categories. Fact based RC is the simplest form of RC. These types of passages have lot of information in the form of names, numbers etc. In this type of passages one should read very fast.

Don’t try to memorize any facts, numbers or names etc. In fact there is no need to even remember them. Just make yourself familiar with the structure of the passage. Just see in which paragraph author is talking about what. Mark it. Then when you go to the questions, identify in which paragraph information regarding that question is mentioned. Go to that paragraph, read the numbers, names etc. and mark the answer.

Inference based RC is the toughest form of RC. Here the passage is fairly tough to understand. This includes passages on topics like Religion, Spirituality, Philosophy, etc. Most of the students will be comfortable attempting these passages at least in RC. The reading speed is fairly slow in this type of passages. The way to master this type of passages is to read them again and again while practising.

Topic based RC includes passages on any particular topic like economics, astrology, medical science, etc. Generally what makes -these passages tough is usage of technical terms. If a topic is new to us then presence of technical term scares us even if they are defined in the passage. For success in this type of passages we need to have a fan-understanding of the definition of the term if it is defined in the passage. Read that definition twice if you need to. But don’t worry about technical terms if they are not defined in the passage. Assume them to be non-existent and proceed. Key principle in these passages is that don’t go to the next line unless the previous line is clear.

Reading passage first and then questions is the most popular strategy for RC. While answering the question you may come back to the passage to find answer as you have just read the passage initially and not crammed it. But you should not come back for each and every question. If you come back for majority of questions then you haven’t read the passage properly. The key to success for this strategy is that you should understand the passage very well. We will suggest students to follow this technique from the beginning and work upon this.

Reading questions first and then passage is the strategy followed by a few students. They just look at the questions and not options. The objective is that after seeing the questions when you read the passage then you read only that part carefully where the answer is given. The flaw with this is that you will not be able to remember all the questions. Besides this, this strategy fails when there are questions that require understanding of the passage.

A. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:    6

Most students find Reading Comprehension difficult because……………………….(a) the language is tough(b) the vocabulary is difficult(c) the style is too involved(d) the topics are unrelated to their interest

Fact based RC is the easiest because……………………….(a) it is written in simple language(b) there are no allusions(c) it contains information(d) it can be memorised easily

For answering a question on RC, one should……………………….(a) memorise the facts, figures, etc.(b) mark what the author is talking about in the para(c) mark the essential details of the passage(d) remember the names, numbers, etc.

Topic based RC is tough as……………………….(a) it contains technical terms(b) it is based on different topics(c) it demands instant understanding(d) one can’t read them fast enough

Careful reading of the passage is essential for……………………….(a) answering difficult questions(b) saving time and effort(c) proper understanding and answering correctly(d) selective identification of relevant parts

The word ‘diverse’ in para 2 means……………………….(a) similar(b) same(c) variety(d) different

B. Answer the following questions in brief:    67. What should one do for finding the right answers?8. Why is topic based R C tough?9. Which step is considered more essential for finding right answers? Why?10. What is the most popular strategy for solving Reading Comprehension(RC)?11. Find the words similar in the meaning from passage.(a) Different (para 2)(b) Accept as true (para 6)

Answers

(d) the topics are unrelated to their interest

(c) it contains information

(b) mark what the author is talking about in the para

(a) it contains technical terms

(c) proper understanding and answering correctly

(d) different

One should mark what the author is talking about in para.

Topic based R C is tough as it contains technical terms.

Careful reading of the passage is essential for proper understanding and answering correctly.

Reading passage first and then question is the most popular strategy for solving R C.

(a) Diverse(b) Assume

Students can also read the unseen passage in Hindi

Passage 2:Playing the mind game

The Mastermind quiz is billed as a “battle of minds’. This battle is fought in two halves. In the first, each of four participants faces a barrage of questions, for two minutes, on any topic of his or her choice. In the second round, the questions are on general knowledge. There are two points for each correct answer and zero for wrong answers and passes. In the event of a tie, the person who has passed fewer questions wins.

Questions can be bizarre, but they are answered none the less. “It absolutely amazes you that these guys know so much. In KBC, it used to be, that this guy knows so little,” says Basu after the show. Siddhartha Basu was the director of Kaun Banega Crorepati (KBC).

This year’s Mastermind final was won by Ramanand Janardhana, a 22 year-old software engineer from Pune. Janardhana had Agatha Christie’s ‘Tommy and Tupence’ novels as his specialist topic. He even knew that Tommy used asofoetida to create a stink in his room.

There are, of course, all sorts of quizzers. The diary-toting, Manorama yearbook, wielding variety will typically prepare for a contest by ‘studying’. He knows that the best questions, the ones that get the ‘wah-wahs’, are always repeated. He is a solid quizzer, because he knows the obvious.

There is the other kind, like Janardhana, who claim they do nothing extra to prepare for quizzes. They read the papers and magazines, watch TV, and become quizzers because they enjoy the test of recall.

It was a test the nation took when KBC fever was at its height. But long before KBC, there were quiz societies across the country, in places from Guwahati to Gandhinagar. Kolkata was the hub of the game; quizzing in India began here in 1967. Even now, the majority of quizzers are from Kolkata. Of the four 2002 Mastermind finalists, two were from that city.

Quizzing is big in school and college festivals. It’s the ‘literary’ highlight of all fests. There are even professional quizzers, who, like mercenaries, play for money and the thrill of the game. They represent various organisations at different times.

Most quizzers grow out of active quizzing after college. Some, the really hardcore devotees of the game, keep at it. “I don’t get tired of quizzing,” says Pinaki Prasad Roy, a Mastermind finalist. “I get excited.” Roy is a 46-year old finance professional from Kolkata, and has been a quizzer for three decades.

Curiosity is the most essential quality for a quizzer. A fantastic memory and instant recall help. And for Mastermind at least, the choice of specialist subject is critical. In this year’s event, Janardhana took an unassailable lead in the specialist round itself.

A. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:    6

The Mastermind quiz is called a ‘battle of minds’ because……………………….(a) it is a duel of wits(b) the participants are the most intelligent persons(c) the participants face a shower of questions(d) the mind is on the anvil

The participants in the quiz seem ‘masterminds’ because……………………….(a) they seem to know so little(b) they have very polished manner(c) they show lot of self confidence(d) they seem to know so much

Ramanand Janardhana won as……………………….(a) he had mastery over the specialist topic(b) he had gone through the quiz columns in magazines(c) he had chinks in his memory/recall(d) he knew all the often repeated questions asked by quizmasters

The studious quizzers are called ‘solid’ quizzers because……………………….(a) they prepare expected questions(b) they know the obvious(c) they bank on general awareness(d) they enjoy the test of recall

The quality most essential for a quizzer is……………………….(a) love of learning(b) mathematical accuracy(c) curiosity to know(d) comprehensive learning

The word ‘mercenaries’ in para 7 means.………………………(a) those who seek mercy(b) those who work on machines(c) those who are lively and quick(d) those who fight for money

B. Answer the following questions in brief:    67. Why did Ramanand Janardhana win mastermind final?8. Who are called solid quizzers? Why?9. Which is the most essential quality of a quizzer?10. How is Kolkata associated with quizzing game?11. Find the words from the passage which are similar in meaning to these words.(a) Those who fight for money (para 7)(b) Enthusiasts (para 8)

Answers

(c) the participants face a shower of questions

(d) they seem to know so much    .

(a) he had mastery over the specialist topic

(b) they know the obvious

(c) curiosity to know

(d) those who fight for money

He had mastery over the specialist topic which blessed him with victory.

The studious quizzers are called solid quizzers they know the obvious.

The quizzer should have curiosity to know.

Quizzing in India began in Kolkata in 1967. Even now the majority of the quizzers are from Kolkata.(a) Mercenaries(b) Devotees

Passage 3:Living with foods

Floods are not new to India and this sub-continent, but in recent years the problem has received much greater attention perhaps largely because it has led to much greater damage than in the past. Even though information on the impending occurrence of floods is now more accurate and certainly more timely, often there is very little time or support infrastructure in place by which damage can be minimized. This is particularly true in the case of flash floods resulting from sudden and excessively heavy rain.

In the case of India flooding is very much a function of the seasonal nature of our rainfall. The monsoons are spread over a short period during the year and often bring a concentrated volume of rain, which cannot be absorbed by the earth and finds outlet only in the form of streams that join up with our major river systems. But, flooding is not confined only to the main rivers of the country, often smaller tributaries and streams can cause heavy damage as well. Once these streams spill over their banks they could cause excessive harm, mainly because those living near the banks of these streams particularly in mountain areas do not have easy recourse to moving away quickly.

One major factor that could lead to a higher severity of flooding in the future is the danger of climate change. While the evidence of the nature of impacts resulting from climate change on precipitation and flooding at the regional level is not entirely clear, it could happen that the Indian subcontinent witnesses and suffers the effects of a significantly changed pattern of monsoons. One set of scientists has estimated that the monsoons could be shorter in duration, but far more intensive. In other words, much greater precipitation would take place in a much shorter period of time, thereby increasing the danger of floods. Climate change is the result of human actions through the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, of which carbon dioxide is the most prominent.

At the local level also human actions have heightened the danger of flood through the cutting of trees in the mountains as well as in the plains. In the case of India, the ecological damage through deforestation of the Himalayas has led to large-scale erosion of the mountain slopes and high levels of siltation. This leads to deposition of silt on the riverbeds in the plains and hence spill over of water whenever the volume in the river reaches a certain level. With siltation on the river beds, flooding occurs even at very shallow water levels. The vulnerability of the population has increased substantially because of population pressures, symbolized, for instance, by the stubborn and perhaps helpless settling of slum dwellers on the banks of the river Yamuna in Delhi, which is merely a trickle most of the year, but bursting its banks during the monsoons as has been the case this year.

Flood forecasting is critical to minimizing the damage from floods. It is for this reason that the Central Water Commission has set up a network of forecasting stations, which cover the most important flood prone inter state rivers in the country. These stations produce forecasts that are used to alert the public and to mobilize various official agencies so that they take both preventive as well as relief measures whenever required. However, even in cases where forecasts have been timely and generally accurate, people have often been reluctant to move away, because in most cases they lack the means and physical options for moving away from a danger zone to one that is relatively safe. In the case of flash floods, forecasts are difficult to make, and often the time available for relief is very short.

A. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:    6

The problem of floods has been considered important recently because…………………..(a) there are flash floods(b) floods are unpredictable(c) the rivers change their courses(d) these cause much greater damage

The danger of floods is not minimised as…………………..(a) flood forecasting is inaccurate(b) there is little time available for safety measures(c) people are scared and act in panic(d) support infrastructure is poor

India suffers from floods during monsoons because…………………..(a) it rains very heavily and continually(b) the embankments of the rivers are weak(c) the streams and rivers spill over(d) the streams are full of silt

Climate change is the direct result of…………………..(a) increased concentration of green house gases(b) explosion of nuclear devices(c) fire in oil wells in the gulf region(d) significantly changed pattern of monsoons

The worst hit people are slum dwellers because…………………..(a) they are stubborn and helpless(b) they do not have means to move away quickly(c) they have concentrated in large numbers(d) they have settled on the banks of the rivers

The word ‘precipitation’ in para 3 means…………………..(a) forming a precipitate(b) separation of solid material from liquid(c) falling of rain in an area(d) the quality of being exact or accurate

B. Answer the following questions in brief:    67. Why does India suffer from floods during monsoons?8. What is the result of greenhouse gases?9. Who are the worst hit people?10. Which human action have heightened the danger of flood?11. Write the words from passage which are similar in meaning.(a) Fall of rain in an area (para 3)(b) Harshness (para 3)

Answers

(d) these cause much greater damage

(b) there is little time available for safety measures

(c) the streams and rivers spill over

(a) increased concentration of green house gases

(d) they have settled on the banks of the rivers

(c) falling of rain in an area

During monsoon the streams and rivers spill over and it results in flood.

Climate change is the direct result of increased concentration of greenhouse gases.

Slum dwellers are the worst hit people as they have settled on the banks of the rivers.

Cutting of trees in the mountains as well as in the plains have heightened the danger of flood.

(a) Precipitation(b) Severity

Passage 4:Great Indian digital divide

The revolution in information technology (IT), far from helping India to leapfrog to a post-industrial society, threatens to rupture the social fabric by enriching a few at the cost of many.

In a very short time and quite unexpectedly, India has risen to considerable eminence in the world of information technology. This year, software products are expected to account for $ 5.7 billion in exports and will account for a quarter of the growth in the economy, which is expected to grow nearly seven per cent. Within eight years, predicts a recent study by McKinsey & Co. and the National Association of Software & Service Companies (Nasscom), India’s annual IT exports could hit $ 50 billion about 33 per cent of global software exports. Such a surge is expected to generate 2.2 million jobs—and push our growth rate near the double digits that many East Asian Tigers enjoyed before the 1997 crash.

For the rapidly growing middle class, which was desperate to make its presence felt but remained mired in the great Indian outback of the global economy and regretfully watched the industrial revolution pass it by, this is the moment they have been waiting for. When countries like Japan and Germany, the objects of Indian admiration, should come knocking on our doors to solicit our talent to invigorate their industry, it is indeed redemption of sorts. And IT is the cause of it all.

The big question is, will IT do an encore for India as a nation, and not just for a wafer thin percentage of IT-literate Indians, mostly the poster boys of the IITs?

IT has, as yet, failed to touch the lives of the average citizen and India is nowhere close to being a knowledge economy or society. As per the International Data Corporation (IDC), in a survey of 55 countries, India ranks 54th on its Information Society Index.

The fact is, it is a straightforward reflection of the deep inequality of our education system which breeds a few ‘geniuses’ at the cost of the entire nation. A study by former director of the National Centre for Software Technology, R. Narasimhan, points out that nowhere is the digital divide more glaring than in IT education. The report warns that India’s ‘obsession’ with the software industry and its exports orientation is leading to the churning out of unemployable students on one hand and bright whiz-kids on the other. While the latter are lured away by overseas employers, the former remain unemployable.Narasimhan cautions against the ‘hype’ associated with the phenomenal growth of India’s software industry defying rational explanations and built up into a ‘mystique of sort’ which breeds false hopes. .

India’s software industry is a poor employment generator. In the mid-Nineties, some 20,000 people were actively employed in software export services. In contrast, there were three million registered unemployed graduates in the Nineties. While the ‘Narasimhan study doesn’t mention number of hobs lost due to computerisation, one could comfortably add a million to the number.

A. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: 6

The revolution in IT threatens to break apart the social fabric because…………………………(a) the stocks of software companies have risen at BSE(b) it has helped India to rise beyond the industrial society(c) it is enriching a few at the cost of many(d) it has created a gulf between the rural and urban sector

Growth in export of Indian software products and national economy have been achieved because of…………………………(a) global recession(b) liberalised economy(c) public private cooperation(d) eminence of Information Technology

It is a time of pride for the middle classes in India because…………………………(a) developed industrial nations will require Indian software professionals to invigorate their industry(b) they are desperate to make their presence felt(c) they have remained stuck in the mud of global economy(d) they have regretfully watched the industrial revolution pass by them

The digital divide is clearly visible in IT revolution because…………………………(a) it has improved a lot of average Indian citizen(b) it has benefitted only the products of IITs or some IT-literates(c) it has made India a knowledge economy or society(d) non-IT trained students run the IT institutes

Narasimhan’s report cautions against ‘hype’ around IT software industry because…………………………(a) it is rational(b) it breeds false hopes(c) all look for foreign assignments(d) it attracts even the dullards

The word ‘redemption’ in para 3 means…………………………(a) recoupment(b) recumbent(c) recovery(d) redeeming

B. Answer the following questions in brief: 67. Why is the digital divide clearly visible in IT revolution?8. Why is IT not beneficial for average Indians?9. What does Narasimhan’s report highlight on IT software industry?10. How is it lucrative for the middle classes in India?11. Find the words from the passage which are similar in meaning.(a) Recovery (para 3)(b) Very easily seen (para 6)

Answers

(c) it is enriching a few at the cost of many

(d) eminence of Information Technology

(a) developed industrial nations will require Indian software professionals to invigorate their industry

(b) it has benefitted only the products of IITs or some IT-literates

(b) it breeds false hopes

(c) recovery

It has benefitted only the products of IITs or some IT-literates.

It has yet failed to touch the lives of the average citizen and India is nowhere close to bring knowledge economy or society.

Narasimhan’s report highlights it’s failure in India as it breeds false hope to invigorate their industry.

Indian software professionals are on high demand in developed Industrial nations.

(a) Redemption(b) Glaring

Passage 5 :Deleterious effects of drugs

“Cured yesterday of my disease, I died last night of my physician,” says Matthew Prior, a celebrated pharmacologist, while talking about the deleterious effects of drugs in his book, “The Remedy Worse Than the Disease”. There is no dearth of patients dying of misguided treatment.

disorder bound to disappear in a short duration.

In this era of drugs we must familiarise ourselves with the term “Iatrogenic disease (physician caused ailment)”. When a physician administers medicines without a complete understanding of the patient’s condition, drugs play havoc. A person may become the victim of a worse disease or even lose his life.

With Analgin, for instance, special precautions should be taken in case of pregnancy, bronchial asthma, renal and hepatitic dysfunctions and blood-related disorders. It has been banned in several countries, including the USA and Sweden, because of its unexpected and negative effects that lead one even to death through an anaphylactic shock. An anaphylactic shock is a process that leads to a severe fall in the blood pressure, bronchoconstriction, the swelling of blood and lymph vessels and sometimes death because of the loss of fluid in these vessels. Anaphylaxis usually occurs suddenly, in minutes after the administration of a drug. The well-known drug, penicillin, and many other drugs, may cause anaphylaxis.

The term “side-effects” is a part of an ailing layman’s vocabulary but adverse drug reactions are known only to a more aware and literate patient.

Ciprofloxacin, when given for an ear-infection, may cause vertigo and amoxycillin, while fighting a throat infection, may hurt the stomach. Similarly, while chemotherapy given for cancer may lead to indigestion and hair fall, steroids administered continuously may lead to obesity and diabetes.

Drugs are meant to eliminate disease. In the quest for avoiding the misery of sickness, man has invented medicines that may themselves cause diseases. The illness caused by a drug may be short-term or long-term. Side effects are short-term and predictable. The unpredictable and bizarre reactions are termed as adverse reactions. A variety of drugs cure many ills but are also known to cause irregular heart beat and even sudden death.

A strong sense of responsibility on the physician’s part and an attitude of extreme caution on the patient’s part can substantially help in covering at least some of the risks of medicines, if not all. There are many factors that help a doctor in his choice and use of the drug. The medical history of a patient, age, sex, personality, environment and education contribute in deciding the course of treatment. The very old and the very young are likely to suffer as their bodies are less tolerant. Older children may sometimes be more tolerant than the adults. The elderly tend to respond better to standard drug dosage. But the lower body size, slow blood flow to vital organs, decreasing metabolic capacity and tendency to multiple physical problems contribute to adverse reactions.

A. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: 6

An “Iatrogenic disease” is an ailment caused by……………………………(a) infection in the hospital ward(b) overdose of anaesthetic(c) the wrong administration of drugs by a physician(d) self-medication and buying drugs over the counter

Analgin and penicillin must be used carefully because……………………………(a) these may cause suffocation(b) they may create bruises(c) some patients complain of leg cramps(d) these may cause anaphylaxis

An adverse drug reaction is an illness caused by……………………………(a) secondary effects of a drug(b) a drug having unpredictable and strange effects on a patient(c) a drug having predictable and unpleasant disorders(d) the use of drugs taken after their date of expiry

Man has invented drugs to eliminate……………………………(a) diseases(b) side effects(c) death(d) casualties

Elderly people are prone to adverse drug reactions because they have……………………………(a) larger body size(b) multiple emotional problems(c) slow blood flow to vital organs(d) stagnant metabolic capacity

The word ‘dysfunction’ in para 4 means……………………………(a) disorder of brain(b) indigestion(c) bad temper(d) not working properly

B. Answer the following questions in brief: 67. What is an adverse drug reaction?8. Why are elderly people prone to adverse drug reaction?9. What are the factors that help a doctor in his choice and use of drugs?10. Why has man invented medicines?11. Find words from the passage which are similar in meaning.(a) Not working properly (para 4)(b) Considerably (para 8)

Answers

(c) the wrong administration of drugs by a physician

(d) these may cause anaphylaxis

(b) a drug having unpredictable and strange effects on a patient

(a) diseases

(c) slow blood flow to vital organs

(d) not working properly

An unpredictable and strange effect on a patient is called an adverse drug reaction.

Elderly people’s blood flow to vital organs is slow so they are prone to adverse drug reaction.

The factors like medical history of the patient, age, sex, personality, environment and education help a doctor in his choice and use of drugs.

Man has invented medicine to eliminate the misery of sickness.

(a) Dysfunction(b) Substantially

Passage 6:Saving for a rainy day

The Food Bill is still in the works but has provoked a furious debate on the lack of grain storage facilities, rotting of grains and whether they should be distributed free to the hungry masses. Waking up to the fact that no food security programme can be effective without proper storage, the government is now planning to upgrade existing warehousing facilities and also adding new ones. However, between food security and large-scale storage, there’s a missing link that needs to be taken note of: storage at the farm level. No one can deny the importance of decentralised storage; at least 25-30 per cent grains in the country are stored at the farm level.

However, it’s not as if there hasn’t been enough thrust on this issue: there are State institutes to look into the storage problems.

Yet, policy-wise we did have a sound start: the Save Grain Campaign, which was initiated 43 years ago, was supposed to do what we are floundering on now. Through this campaign, the Centre was to initiate and train states in warehousing and storage of grains. The Centre wanted the states to take it up on a large scale but the latter did not want any “added responsibility”. Finding no takers, the campaign was withdrawn in 2008.

“Around 15-20 per cent foodgrain losses occur in large storage godowns. Along with investment in large storage capacities, we must encourage farm-level storage. This can be in the form of refining and improving the local/indigenous storage technologies and providing technical and financial support at that level,” says M.B. Chetti, Dean, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka.

He and many experts like him suggest that if we want to leapfrog in storage capacity at the farm-level (since setting up large storages is time-consuming and expensive), new technologiese vacuum packaging could be the answer. They assure quality as well as a chance to store grains almost anywhere and that it can be done in villages by trained persons.

“Alternatively, we have to go for cold storage facilities for food grains, which is very costly since it involves electricity supply,” says Chetti. Instead, vacuum packing, say experts, helps preserve grains and seeds for long periods without any deterioration in quality. In fact, an experiment was carried out in the university on the usefulness of the packaging system (using chilli) and the results were satisfactory. The available technology offers a seven- layer packing to preserve quality for long periods of time and once sealed, climatic changes have no effect on it. Elimination of oxygen from the pack helps in extending shelf life.

“At present only three-layer plastic films are manufactured in India. The seven-layered film needs to be imported. But the import duty is high,” says Mohan Bajikar, of course, such technologies are expensive, but then delivering to the hungry isn’t enough—quality must be ensured.

Fool policy analyst Devinder Sharma, however, says expensive solutions like silos and warehousing are not the answer to procurement and storage problems. Instead, he says, “local production, local procurement and local distribution” is the answer, something like what Chhattisgarh has been doing. It procures paddy directly from farmers, buying it through cooperative societies and procurement centres at the village level. To store, he adds, the government can add a small godown next to each panchayat ghar.

Whichever way we look at it, decentralised storage cannot be left out of the loop if we want to ensure food security and reduce stock losses.

A. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: 6

The necessity of proper storage has been realised because……………………(a) there is lack of grain storage facilities(b) grain is lying in the open and rotting(c) no food security is possible without it(d) masses are hungry and without grain

Decentralised storage stress upon……………………(a) storage at farm level(b) storage at block level(c) storage at district level(d) storage at state level

The ‘Save Grain Campaign’ was withdrawn after 43 years because……………………(a) the centre did not spare funds(b) proper training in warehousing was lacking(c) the states did not show any interest(d) the states did not want any added responsibility

The most cost-effective solution for storage of grain is……………………(a) cold storage facilities(b) decentralised storage(c) setting up large warehouses(d) vacuum packaging

Experts reject silos and warehousing because……………………(a) these are very costly solutions(b) local storage and distribution is more effective(c) these are inadequate for storage(d) these fail to reduce stock losses

The word ‘facilities’ in para 6 means……………………(a) aptitude(b) dexterity(c) conveniences(d) buildings for a particular purpose

B. Answer the following questions in brief: 67. Why was save green campaign withdrawn after 43 years?8. Which is the most cost effective solution for storage of grain?9. How are new technologies like vacuum packaging more successful in storing?10. Why do experts reject soil and warehousing?11. Find the words from the passage which are similar in meaning?(a) Improve (para 1)(b) Native (para 4)

Answers

(c) no food security is possible without it

(a) storage at farm level

(d) the states did not want any added responsibility

(b) decentralised storage

(a) these are very costly solutions

(d) buildings for a particular purpose

Save green campaign was withdrawn because the states did not want any added responsibility.

Decentralised storage is the most effective solution for storage of grain.

They assure quality as well as a chance to store grains almost anywhere.

Experts reject soil and warehousing because these are very costly solutions.

(a) Upgrade(b) Indigenous

Passage 7:The relevance of repetition

The painstaking memorisation of mathematical tables, historical dates, capitals of countries and even poems leaves an indelible mark on every adult who has attented school. However, all educators deprecate this rote system learning by orally reciting and consigning lessons to memory as mindless and mechanical, which goes against critical thinking and creativity. But is this dichotomy between creativity and rote learning part of a lazy binary thinking?

We often hear about people who can repeat the entire telephone directory or memorise the entire dictionary. Indians have a history of highly developed systems of memorisation, perfected through centuries of Vedic learning. From a typically Western perspective, the permanency of the written word has been pitted against the ‘unconscious operation of memory’ of oral cultures, and held to be more reliable in cultural transmission. However, refuting this thesis, Fritz Stall, an Indie scholar observes that the oral tradition in India is remarkable, “because it has led to scientific discoveries that are of enduring interest”. Of course, this mugging up can be aural (i.e. chanting aloud) or visual—mentally storing images in a visual map.

The advantages of rote memorisation—like it expands areas of the mind to great possibilities—are now becoming evident to the world. Various accounts from ancient India, including those from travellers like I-tsing, point to the fool-proof system of oral memorisation and the capacity to absorb volumes of data.

A parallel dimension of transmission of knowledge also existed in India, with a flexible mode of oral communication through which knowledge was disseminated. One instance is the narrative-performative tradition of recitation, which extended basic story through interpolations, conscious extensions and embedding of sub-narratives. Many Indian myths, legends, epics, and fables such as Kathasaritsagara and Jataka stories were spread though this process. While the story remains the same, the interpretation changes according to who says it, where it is said and how it is said. While communicating mathematics, philosophy and other scientific disciplines, cryptic text forms were created, that facilitated memorisation.

A related question pertains to cognition—how can we transmit principles using memorisation as a creative tool rather than as a mechanical process of repetition? Bhaskara’s Lilavati, the seminal 12th century illustrates how memorisation and creativity go together.

The fact that Bhaskara’s methods still figure in Indian pedagogic consciousness was recently brought home in a news report on the Ramanujan School of Mathematics in Patna, which trains youngsters from poor families to clear the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) entrance test. This year, all the 30 students of the school got through IITs. Anand Kumar, the school’s founder, called it the “sheer power of practice to break the so-called IIT code” and a student attributed the success to his teacher’s ability to teach differential calculus through a “thrilling story of a daring robber”.

A. Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option: 6

All educators condemn rote learning as…………………..(a) it is a feat of memory(b) it is a parrot like learning(c) it is mindless and mechanical(d) it is against critical thinking and creativity

The dichotomy between creativity and rote learning is…………………..(a) increased by computer literates(b) initiated by western thinkers(c) the clash of the cultures of west and east(d) opposed by Indian scholars

The oral tradition in India is called remarkable because…………………..(a) it has helped to preserve Vedic learning(b) some of the old texts are still available(c) it has led to scientific discoveries of enduring interest(d) it provides capacity to absorb volumes of data

Rote learning has its own advantages as…………………..(a) it promotes learning without understanding(b) it does not add pressure to the mental faculties(c) mugging up can be aural as well as visual(d) it expands areas of the mind to greater possibilities

Cryptic texts were created for mathematics, philosophy, etc. because…………………..(a) these are very simple(b) these are easy to remember(c) these are short and easy(d) they are easy to interpret

The word ‘enduring’ in para 2 means…………………..(a) bear(b) transitory(c) lasting(d) indelible

B. Answer the following questions in brief: 67. Why is oral tradition in India called remarkable?8. How is rote learning advantageous?9. What does Bhaskara’s Lilavati illustrate?10. Why were cryptic texts created for mathematics, philosophy etc.?11. Write the word from passage similar in meaning to these words.(a) Separation (para 1)(b) Ascribed (para 6)

Answers

(d) it is against critical thinking and creativity.

(a) increased by computer literates.

(c) it has led to scientific discoveries of enduring interest

(d) it expands areas of the mind to greater possibilities

(b) these are easy to remember

(c) lasting

Rote learning in India is called remarkable because it has led to scientific discoveries of enduring interest.

Rote learning is advantageous as it expands areas of mind to greater possibilities.

Bhaskara’s Lilavati illustrate how memorisation and creativity go together.

These texts were created because these are easy to remember.

(a) Dichotomy(b) Attributed

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