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dailyanarchistposts · 28 days ago

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Section I: Poverty and Waste (Modern)

Every efficient and wise government has at last the support of public opinion, whenever it opposes class egoism and class abuses. -- Gustav Schmoller [805]

Bristol-Myers Squibb engaged in anticompetitive acts to prevent generic pharmaceutical competition. [806] Fruit of the Loom has been moving its U.S. plants to cheaper areas, where sweatshop conditions flourish. [807] Eastman Chemical, General Electric Company, and Mitsubishi were named as three of the top 100 Corporate Criminals of the 1990’s for antitrust crimes, some of them being fined up to $26 million for their activities in destroying other businesses. [808] In 1997, General Electric Company, Johnson & Johnson, Kimberly-Clark Corp., Pfizer, and Whirlpool broke 89% of their promise to create jobs with the passage of NAFTA. [809] Mitsubishi was found guilty of an international price-fixing scheme, by increase the price of electrodes by more than 60 percent, from 1992 to 1997. [810] Eastman Chemical was found guilty of fixing the prices of a food additive between 1995 and June of 1997. [811] 3Com hid $160 million loss at its U.S. Robotics subsidiary from its investors in April to November of 1997. [812] In 1998, Fort James, Kimberly-Clark Corp, and four others conspired to fix prices on commercial paper between 1993 and 1998. [813] Comcast has systematically engaged in price discriminating, charging satellite services more for sports programs than cable companies do, trying to eliminate competing business. [814] In April of 1998, a class action suit against Knight-Rider claimed a price-fixing scheme. [815] In December of 1998, CVS has used unfair reimbursement policies against independent stores. [816] In 1999, the Government Accounting Office investigated companies for fraud and accounting irregularities. Over 900 companies were found guilty of irregular accounting, and had to restate earnings, including Aetna, BellSouth, Boise Cascade, Boston Scientific, Campbell South, Clorox, ConAgra, CVS, Dillard’s, JCPenny, Gateway, Inc., Kimberly-Clark Corp., Kmart, Kroger, Lands’ End, Limited Brands Inc., Lucent Technologies, McDonald’s, Monsanto, Pennzoil-Quaker State Company, Rite Aid, SBC Communications, Sony Corp., Texas Instruments, Tyson Fresh Meats (formerly IBP Fresh Meats Inc.), Unocal, and Warnaco. [817]

In 1999, a former CEO of Doman Industries was found guilty of insider trading. [818] Over 500 Jamaican workers were laid off by Fruit of the Loom in search of cheaper labor. [819] General Electric would transfer 1,400 jobs from the United States to Mexico, paying Mexican laborers $2 per hour, as opposed to the unionized rate of $24 per hour. [820] In January of 1999, Hasbro closed down its factory in Fairfax, Vermont, to move to China. [821] In May of 1999, Toys ‘R’ Us, with Hasbro, Mattel, and Little Tikes conspired to restrict the sale of certain toys. [822] In November of 1999, Hollywood Media Corp. conspired with Blockbuster Video to restrict independents’ access to videos. [823] In December of 1999, AutoNation closed 23 of its superstores, laying off 1,800 workers, with profits as high as $490 million. [824] Citigroup allowed laundering of over $800 million in Russian mob money through its banks in 2000. [825] Jefferson Smurfit Group closed part of its plant in Des Moines, laying off 190 union members. [826] In January of 2000, Danone’s offices in Europe were raided in an investigation of a price-fixing cartel in French beer market. [827] Jones Apparel settled a price-fixing lawsuit by agreeing to pay $34 million. [828] Time Warner Inc. was involved in price-fixing scheme with other large labels by increasing the price of music CDs from $10 to $15. [829] In early 2001, Hewlett-Packard announced it would cut 2% of its workforce world wide, about 1,800 employees. [830] In 2001, Tyco International executives were using company money for illegal and unauthorized payments, causing a financial nosedive, with 18,400 Tyco workers losing employment. [831]

In early 2001, Viacom forced independent video store operators out of business, 150 of them uniting in a class-action suit. [832] In January of 2001, DaimlerChrysler announced a three year plan where it will lay off 20% of its North American workforce, a loss of 26,000 jobs. [833] In February of 2001, Bausch & Lomb settled a lawsuit for $17.5 million where it conspired with American Optometric Association to force customers into buying replacement contact lenses through optometrists. [834] In March of 2001, New York Appeals Court upheld a lower court’s decision against Prudential Financial, for breach of contract, fraud, and deceit and improper interference with existing contractual relations. [835] In April of 2001, Amazon.com patented parts of its e-commerce operation, including the site’s “one-click purchase” ‘technology,’ — the most simple, important, and obvious idea for e-commerce. [836] In April of 2001, Bristol-Myers Squibb tried to stop other companies from selling low-cost generic versions of its drugs. [837] In May of 2001, Johns & Johnson paid $60 to settle an antitrust case, in which it conspired with other companies to refuse to sell contact lenses through alternative channels, which offer lower prices. [838] In May of 2001, PG&E Corp. gouged consumers in the Boston Area by increasing electricity prices during power shortages. [839] In June of 2001, Schering-Plough, Wyeth Corporation, and one other corporation conspired to keep cheap generic drugs off the market. [840] Time Warner Inc. refuses to broadcast ads on its television channels to its digital subscriber line, engaging in anti-competitive activity. [841] In July of 2001, St. Laurent Paperboard Inc. purchased Smurfit-Stone Container Company, closing five of its paper mills. [842] In August of 2001, CVS submitted false prescription claims to government health insurance programs. [843] Sony Corp. has pressured retailers to sell video games at fixed prices. [844] Wal-Mart was selling some items below cost to drive out competitors in Wisconsin. [845]

In October of 2001, Barnes & Noble and Borders secured cheaper prices and preferential treatment from publishers, an antitrust activity. [846] DaimlerChrysler was fined $65.5 million for violating competition rules by restricting sales of its Mercedes cars in Europe. [847] Wyeth Corporation maintained a monopoly by requiring health plans and pharmacy benefit managers to sign exclusive contracts. for its pharmaceutical drugs. [848] In December of 2001, Ernor laid off 25% of its staff, about 5,100 people. [849] In 2002, Hasbro was fined $7.9 million for price fixing on toys and games. [850] Kmart was named as having one of the worst corporate boards by 2002 BusinessWeek, for multiple investigations into its accounting irregularities and irregular pay practices. [851] Four ex-Rite Aid executives were indicted for inflating the company’s profits while understating losses, causing stock to soar. [852] Schering-Plough was under investigation for price fixing and criminal investigation because its ingredients were not FDA-approved. [853] In March of 2002, Disney destroyed massive amounts of documents, hundreds of boxes, that would have revealed Disney’s practices of withholding royalties from innovators. [854] In April of 2002, Du Pont cut over 2,000 jobs, mostly in the US. [855] Levi Strauss announced its intention to close six U.S. manufacturing plants, affecting 3,300 workers. [856] Monsanto said it was closing one of its plants and cutting five percent of its workforce. [857] In 2002 of May, America Online cut off access to other internet service providers from its own customers. [858]

In June of 2002, WorldCom was found to being covering up $1.22 billion in loses through improper accounting. [859] Xerox restated five years of results when it was found to be inflating results and defrauding investors. [860] In July of 2002, Viacom used improper accounting to boost income by $118 million. [861] In August of 2002, Michael Kopper of Enron was found to be withholding $12 million that was obtained through fraudulent Enron transactions. With others, it totaled $23 million. Thirty other companies had to forfeit money to investors and employees. [862] In September of 2002, Du Pont paid $44.5 million to settle allegations that it blocked competing drug manufacturers. [863] Tyco International issued a report with the Securities and Exchange Commission, detailing “illegal activity by former management that included nearly $100 million in unauthorized payments to dozens of Tyco employees at various levels.” [864] In October of 2002, Gap was awarded the title of having one of the worst corporate boards, cited for inside deals and other failures. [865] Qwest Communications would take a write-down of $40.8 billion, due to irregular accounting. [866] Time Warner was one of five record companies to pay $67.3 million for price-fixing. [867] In November of 2002, Gateway was investigated and found to using insider trading and wasteful spending on executive severance pay. [868] In June of 2000, a judge found Microsoft Corporation guilty of illegal business practices that push out competition and harm consumers. AOL Time Warner sued Microsoft Corporation for anti-competitive actions. Microsoft influenced international government officials from using open-source software, including Peru and India. In March of 2002, Sun Microsystems filed a private antitrust suit against Microsoft. In May of 2003, Microsoft paid $750 million in an antitrust case. In July of 2003, a judge approved of a $1.1 billion settlement between Microsoft and California consumers. Microsoft paid $23.5 million to the defunct software company Be Inc. in an antitrust case. Microsoft was sued in October of 2003 for predatory practices to protect its monopoly. In December of 2003, European Union held hearings in its antitrust proceedings against Microsoft. Seattle-based company RealNetworks filed a $1 billion antitrust suit against Microsoft in December of 2003. [869]

In 2000 and 2001, Qwest inflated the company’s revenues by $144 million. [870] In March of 2003, a jury found 3M guilty of using monopoly powers over big retails to destroy competition. [871] In March of 2003, Bristol-Myers announced the restatement of its previously issued financial statements between 1997 and 2001, and part of 2002, reducing their earnings by almost half. [872] In March of 20034, Halliburton was given a contract to Iraq without a bidding process. [873] In March of 2003, Lucent settled lawsuits by its shareholders for about $600 million, for misleading investors. The Export-Import Bank of the US is providing funding to Lucent Technologies for outsourcing to China, Mexico, and Vietnam. Lucent was also cited for overpaying its board. [874] In March of 2003, PepsiCo was found using unfair trading practices against competitors. [875] In April of 2003, Time Warner Inc. was sued for using “tricks, contrivances and bogus transactions” to inflate its stock and help top executives gain almost $1 billion in inside trading. [876] In May of 2003, the Securities and Exchange Commission filed charges against Enron with violating antifraud provisions and reaping more than $150 million in unlawful profits. [877] In June of 2003, two former vice presidents of Kmart were charged with securities fraud, making false statements to the SEC, and conspiracy to commit those offenses. [878] In July of 2003, the SEC announced that Citigroup and J.P. Morgan agreed to pay $236 million to settle charges that they helped Enron manipulate books to appear financially healthy. [879] In July of 2003, Kodak announced plans to cut between 4,500 and 6,000 jobs. [880]

In August of 2003, Bank of America and nine other US banks moved more than $17 billion into investment funds to shelter hundreds of millions of dollars from taxes. [881] In August of 2003, AOL Time Warner executives were found to use accounting irregularities, by overstating their revenue by at least $1.7 billion. [882] In September of 2003, Coca-Cola sought dismal of a $44.4 million lawsuit, filed by a former finance director who was fired for revealing alleged fraud and other wrongdoing in the company. Coca-Cola also made a decision to cut 1,000 jobs in North America. [883] In September of 2003, Enron’s former treasurer pleaded guilty to a federal conspiracy charge, becoming the first executive sentence to prison. [884] Levi Strauss & Co. announced that it would close its North American manufacturing plants, laying off almost 2,000 workers. [885] Coca-Cola violated a contract with Iranian soft drinks counterpart, and was levied $7.15 million against the company. [886] In October of 2003, a former manager for Tricon’s business analyst was indicted for insider trader. [887] In December of 2003, Hasbro announced plans to close a chain of stores. [888] In January of 2003, a former finance executive of Computer Associates admitted to lying to federal prosecutors, FBI agents, and members of the SEC during an investigation. He was aware of accounting irregularities. [889] An Enron former top accountant surrendered to FBI to face six federal fraud charges related to the company’s collapse. [890] Another employee of Enron, former Chief Financial Officer, pleaded guilty to two counts of fraud, that caused the company to collapse. [891] Disney is one of several media companies outsourcing jobs in information technologies and back-office operations to India. [892] In April of 2004, Gateway announced closing 188 retail stores and laying off 2,500 workers. [893]

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darkmaga-returns · 1 month ago

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Researchers in Germany have issued an alert after discovering a “striking” safety signal among children who received Covid mRNA “vaccines.”

They found that alarming numbers of vaccinated children have been impacted with disturbing psychological, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurological, and dermatological side effects.

Specifically, the researchers warn that children aged between 5 and 11 who received the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 Covid mRNA “vaccine” face significant risk.

The findings were revealed during a study led by Sarah Holzwarth at the Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden in Germany.

The study’s paper was published in the Springer Nature Infection journal.

The researchers conducted the study to track the safety of the Pfizer mRNA injection in children with and without comorbidities aged 5 to 11 years.

This prospective, multicenter, industry-independent cohort study involves caregivers who are vaccinated.

The caregivers participated in a robust, well-designed online questionnaire.

Potential side effects were evaluated in ten organ-related categories.

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demoura · 2 years ago

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DIA 15 DE FEVEREIRO : RECEBI A DOSE DE REFORÇO CONTRA O COVID NO CENTRO DA COMUNIDADE HINDU AGORA “ DESERTO” . TEMPO DE RECOBRO OUVINDO A 6a SINFONIA DE GUSTAV MAHLER DIA 18 SERÁ DIRIGIDA POR LORENZO NUM REGRESSO À GULBENKIAN. : ontem o cidadão de alto risco deslocou-se ao centro de vacinação de Lisboa nas instalações da Comunidade Hindu . A massa humana de outros tempos da pandemia contra o COVID 19 deu agora lugar a um autêntico deserto .! Fiz a dose de reforço. - a minha quinta inoculação com a vacina da Pfizer que já inclui a variante Omicron .Usei o tempo de recobro para ouvir no IDAGIO e com os meus earphones de 29,99 € fragmentos de versões da 6a sinfonia de Mahler . em preparação para o concerto na Gulbenkian dia 18. Não são comparáveis aos meus raros Senheiser. jubilee analógicos - mas aqui o que contou (tal como nos e-book) é a disponibilidade imediata . Aqui vos deixo o texto com o detestável estilo com que a Gulbenkian chama os novos públicos ….”A Sinfonia n.º 6 de Gustav Mahler, também designada como “Sinfonia Trágica”, parece explicitar o peso que o compositor transpôs para a partitura, presciente em relação aos acontecimentos que se abateriam sobre a sua vida. Tomada por uma dor profunda que Mahler viria a conhecer em breve, toda a sinfonia se precipita para uma conclusão realmente trágica. No espaço de um ano, uma das suas filhas morreria ainda criança, o compositor seria diagnosticado com uma doença fatal e terminaria a sua ligação à Ópera de Viena. Sobre a obra, aqui apresentada com o arrebatamento habitual do maestro Lorenzo Viotti, o compositor Aaron Copland escreveu, em 1941, que “é música cheia das fraquezas humanas”. Tão enigmática quanto apaixonante.” …

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weelectronicstudentreviewstuff · 4 years ago

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Covid-19 vaccine: Initial doses of Pfizer to begin from December 14 in US

Image Source : AP Covid-19 vaccine: Initial doses of Pfizer to begin from Monday in US Initial doses of Pfizer’s coronavirus vaccine will be delivered to the United States from Monday (December 14) morning, said General Gustave Perna, head of the Donald Trump-led administration’s Operation Warp Speed. Perna said that 145 distribution sites will receive the vaccine on Monday, 425 sites on…

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#14 #coronavirus vaccine #covid vaccine #COVID19 #December #Doses #General Gustave Perna #Initial #Pfizer #pfizer covid vaccine doses #pfizer covid vaccine doses in US #Vaccine

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verycleverboy · 4 years ago

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The Phantom Stockpile

Who wants one final disaster-causing lie from the Trump administration for the road? Show of hands, please.

(Sigh...)

The governors of several states accused the Trump administration on Friday of deception in pledging to immediately distribute millions of COVID-19 vaccine doses from a stockpile that the U.S. health secretary has since acknowledged does not exist.

Confusion over a vaccine supply windfall that was promised to governors but failed to materialize arose as scattered shortages emerged on the frontlines of the most ambitious and complex immunization campaign in U.S. history, prompting at least one large New York healthcare system to cancel a slew of inoculation appointments.

Just 10.6 million Americans have received a shot since federal regulators last month granted emergency approval to two vaccines, one from Pfizer Inc and BioNTech and a second from Moderna Inc, the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported.

That tally falls far short of the 20 million vaccinations the Trump administration had promised to administer by the end of 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic raged virtually unchecked with ever-increasing record numbers of infections, hospitalizations and deaths.

The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines each require an initial dose and a booster shot given about three weeks apart.

Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar had said on Tuesday that the administration would release millions of doses it had been holding in reserve for booster shots in order to help spur a sluggish rollout of first doses to those most in need of the vaccine.

Azar said then that the administration was confident enough in the supply chain to release its stockpile, and urged states to use the additional supply to open inoculations to everyone aged 65 and over.

Many states obliged, but on Friday a number of governors said they were dismayed to learn that no stockpile existed.

“Last night I received disturbing news, confirmed to me directly by General (Gustave) Perna of Operation Warp Speed: states will not be receiving increased shipments of vaccines from the national stockpile next week, because there is no federal reserve of doses,” Oregon Governor Kate Brown said on Twitter.

“This is a deception on a national scale,” Brown added, demanding an explanation from the outgoing administration.

(continue reading)

Most of what follows explaining why the concept of holding vaccine doses in reserve wasn’t the worst idea in the world was written up after a story came out that the Biden administration was going to release what we were convinced was still a very real stockpile to get the country back into gear. Something kept me from posting it, and now that the full story is out, credit for that goes to the little voice in my head that says “Fuck you for taking any information from this administration at face value.“

Both of the approved vaccines are 95% effective after two full doses administered several weeks apart. The Pfizer-BioNTech interval between doses is 21 days, while the Moderna vaccine is administered in a 28 day interval. An exact interval and an exact amount. It’s painfully important not to half-ass it.

We have no idea if either vaccine is going to be effective if you draw out the distance between shots, but the FDA is clear about the consequences of assuming one shot has you covered:

Using a single dose regimen and/or administering less than the dose studied in the clinical trials without understanding the nature of the depth and duration of protection that it provides is concerning, as there is some indication that the depth of the immune response is associated with the duration of protection provided. If people do not truly know how protective a vaccine is, there is the potential for harm because they may assume that they are fully protected when they are not, and accordingly, alter their behavior to take unnecessary risks.

We know that some of these discussions about changing the dosing schedule or dose are based on a belief that changing the dose or dosing schedule can help get more vaccine to the public faster. However, making such changes that are not supported by adequate scientific evidence may ultimately be counterproductive to public health.

Even if it does mean a slower rollout, holding back half of what’s on hand would’ve guaranteed that the people in the early phases of the rollout got the recommended dosage on schedule. Releasing the full amount at once and assuming that manufacturing capacity will cover for the back end is a huge gamble. If the choice is between doing it fast or doing it right, pump the brakes and keep everyone safe.

Sitting on a stockpile to make sure the rollout was done the right way would’ve been one of the Trump administration’s best ideas in the history of the COVID-19 crisis...assuming they were able to do that, or that they even tried at all. Instead, the Washington Post reported that the Feds tapped out their stockpile in late December, long before Azar opened his big, stupid mouth and made a promise he couldn’t keep.

On a certain level, I kind of hope Azar was intentionally lying, because if he didn’t have the first clue about how far off the mark his promise was, what good is he as head of Health and Human Services?

So now I’m in the regretful position of suggesting that you make absolutely sure that you’re going to be able to get the second shot before you make an appointment for the first one.

#us #health #coronavirus #usa #bio therapeutic drugs (trbc level 5)#health and human services #alex azar #Donald Trump

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newslookout · 4 years ago

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Moderna’s COVID-19 Vaccine To Begin Shipping To 4,000 Communities | TODAY

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After being authorized for emergency use, Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine is being shipped to 4,000 communities nationwide. Between this vaccine and Pfizer’s, 7.9 million doses have been allocated for distribution this week, according to Gen. Gustave Perna, Operation Warp Speed’s chief operating officer. NBC’s Morgan Chesky reports for Sunday TODAY. » Subscribe to TODAY: http://on.today.com/SubscribeToTODAY » Watch the latest from TODAY: http://bit.ly/LatestTODAY

About: TODAY brings you the latest headlines and expert tips on money, health and parenting. We wake up every morning to give you and your family all you need to start your day. If it matters to you, it matters to us. We are in the people business. Subscribe to our channel for exclusive TODAY archival footage & our original web series.

Connect with TODAY Online! Visit TODAY’s Website: http://on.today.com/ReadTODAY Find TODAY on Facebook: http://on.today.com/LikeTODAY Follow TODAY on Twitter: http://on.today.com/FollowTODAY Follow TODAY on Instagram: http://on.today.com/InstaTODAY Follow TODAY on Pinterest: http://on.today.com/PinTODAY

#Coronavirus #SudnayTODAY

Moderna’s COVID-19 Vaccine To Begin Shipping To 4,000 Communities | TODAY

The post Moderna’s COVID-19 Vaccine To Begin Shipping To 4,000 Communities | TODAY appeared first on News Lookout.

source https://newslookout.com/world-news/modernas-covid-19-vaccine-to-begin-shipping-to-4000-communities-today/

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allthingshealth · 4 years ago

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Thousands of Pfizer’s Vaccine Returned after Getting too Cold during Transportation

Doses of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine were quarantined in California and Alabama over unknown reasons which caused the storage temperature to fall to -92 degrees Celsius during the transportation process, said U.S. officials.

Pfizer’s vaccine, which was developed in partnership with BioNTech, needs a storage temperature of -70 degrees Celsius. Each vial is stored in trays, which contains around 975 doses of vaccines each.

What Went Wrong During Transit

Army Gen. Gustave Perna, overseer of logistics for Trump’s vaccine program Operation Warp Speed, said that while transporting two trays of the vaccine in two different locations in California, the temperature got too cold at around -92 degrees Celsius, so the trays had to be returned to Pfizer.

“We returned them immediately back to Pfizer and we sent immediate shipments to replace those two trays. We’re working with the FDA now, CDC, and Pfizer to determine if that anomaly is safe or not, but we’re taking no chances and we can see that,” Perna added during a news briefing.

However, the same “anomaly” happened in Alabama as well.

The same thing happened, with two trays being received at one location and had temperatures of -92 during transit.

“We were able to stop and quarantine the vaccine, stop and get a replacement shipment to Alabama,” he said.

Although the reasons are still unknown as to why the storage temperature fell, a spokesperson from Pfizer released the following statement:

“The returned shipments -- totaling ~3000 doses -- will be reviewed internally by Pfizer following our quality investigative process, however, it’s Pfizer’s vision that its customers should not have to wait while these reviews take place. As designed, the control tower was able to intercept the shipments and seamlessly trigger resupply to be delivered to those customers.”

Where is the U.S. now in Vaccine Distributions?

The first historic rollout of the Pfizer vaccine in the U.S. took place earlier this week, after the authorization was granted by the Food and Drug Administration. Experts were quick to admit that logistical problems will emerge out of acquiring the vaccine as it needs extra cold storage temperatures.

Not only that, the distribution of vaccines also presented moral dilemmas to developing countries in talks of who to prioritize in the vaccinations, as supplies that will cover the countries’ whole population will not be immediately available.

During the news briefing, Perna also mentioned 886 more orders of the vaccine are expected to be shipped this week. The federal government already transported 2.9 million of Pfizer’s vaccines just this week, and plans to ship additional 2 million doses next week. Plans of acquiring 5.9 million doses of Moderna’s vaccine are also in the making, and will push through once cleared by the FDA.

#pfizer #vaccine #covidー19 #health #healthcare #anomaly #moral dilemma

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jesse-pinkman123 · 4 years ago

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PD-1 and PDL-1 Inhibitors Market Size, Trends, Shares, Insights and Forecast – 2018-2026

Regional PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors market outlook

A major share of the revenue of the global PD-1 And PDL-1 Inhibitors Market is currently concentrated in North America, Europe, and Japan as these are the three major revenue generating nations with high insurance coverage, high healthcare investment, and are highly developed pharmaceutical markets. The market players would be eyeing other regions for tapping the cancer treatment market opportunities in those regions. Uncertain regulations challenging the sales of patented pharmaceutical products has been a major deterring factor for global pharmaceutical companies to enter into emerging economies. However, novel rugs for cancer type with no treatment available currently would find positive outlook in these regions, though the high pricing would inhibit their sales in emerging economies.

Key players operating in the global PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors market include Pfizer, Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck KGaA, AstraZeneca plc, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Merck & Co. Inc., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novartis AG, and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Targeted cancer therapy is the primary objective of extensive research related to cancer drugs. Our immune cells are programmed to attack the foreign cell on activation. PD-1 and PDL-1 are among those activation points present on the immune cells. Sometimes cancer cells also use this PD-1 and PDL-1 trigger points to avoid being attacked by the immune cells. Therefore, cancer drugs targeting these cells hold tremendous potential in the cancer treatment market. Approved PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitor drugs have become blockbuster products. The global PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors market is segmented based on the drug type and application as follows:

* The sample copy includes: Report Summary, Table of Contents, Segmentation, Competitive Landscape, Report Structure, Methodology.

Request a sample copy of this report: https://www.coherentmarketinsights.com/insight/request-sample/173

PD-1 inhibitors are effective in treating non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), kidney cancer, melanoma of the skin, head and neck cancers, bladder cancer, and Hodgkin lymphoma. Opdivo is leading the race with US$ 3.8 Bn in sales in 2016, compared to US$ 1.4 Bn of Keytruda in 2016. Both these drugs have garnered significant development in past two years with respect to extended therapeutic application and approvals in European countries and Japan.

PDL-1 inhibitors are proven to be effective in NSCLC, bladder cancer, and Merkel cell skin cancer. Avelumab received FDA approval in March 2017 for metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare skin cancer with no approved therapies. The drug therefore, received approval under the accelerated approval process, requiring the developers, Pfizer, Inc. and Merck KGaA to conduct larger clinical trials to establish complete safety and efficacy of the drug. The drug is also being tested for bladder cancer, NSCLC, gastric cancer, ovarian cancer, and renal cancer, under the JAVELIN clinical trial program. Extended therapeutic applications widens the potential opportunity for the drugs in the global PD-1 inhibitors and PDL-1 inhibitors market.

Active research activities to spur the global PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors market growth

PD-1 and PDL-1 biomarkers are also called immune checkpoints. Trails from Merck & Co. and Bristol-Myers Squibb have shown PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors to be effective in patients expressing higher level of PD-1 and PDL-1 biomarkers, restricting the potential market to only these patients. Therefore, all of the big pharma companies in the global market of PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors are combining the PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors with other targeted cancer drugs to cater to a larger set of population. The global PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors market is poised to grow significantly with more product developments in the segment.

Browse Research Report: https://www.coherentmarketinsights.com/ongoing-insight/pd-1-and-pdl-1-inhibitors-market-173

There are 65 clinical studies in phase 2 and phase 3 phase globally. Commercialization of a novel drug in this segment would be a great booster for the growth for the PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors market.

Key Developments

Research and development activities related to PD-1 and PDL-1 inhibitors is expected to boost the market growth. For instance, in March 2018, researchers from University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Germany, observed that the expression of the inhibitory immune checkpoints PD-L1 and VISTA may explain the poor responsiveness of prostate cancer patients to cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 blockade and supports the design of a combination therapy targeting both molecules.

In May 3, 2019, researchers from Shin-Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital reported that PD-1 inhibitors show anti-tumor effects on advanced malignancies, including metastatic melanoma, advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, urothelial tumors, and duodenal adenocarcinoma in renal transplant patients.

In August 2019, researchers from Jagiellonian University, Poland, used well-known in vitro methods and revealed that there is no direct binding between CA-170 – the only small-molecule modulator in clinical trials targeting PD-L1 and VISTA proteins and PD-L1.

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About Coherent Market Insights:

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#PD-1 and PDL-1 Inhibitors Market Growth #PD-1 and PDL-1 Inhibitors Market

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multipleservicelisting · 4 years ago

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Biden Picks Former F.D.A. Chief to Lead Federal Vaccine Efforts

President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. has chosen Dr. David Kessler to help lead Operation Warp Speed, the program to accelerate development of Covid-19 vaccines and treatments, according to transition officials.

Dr. Kessler, a pediatrician and lawyer who headed the Food and Drug Administration during the presidencies of George Bush and Bill Clinton, has been a key adviser to Mr. Biden on Covid-19 policy and is co-chair of the transition team’s Covid-19 task force.

He will replace Dr. Moncef Slaoui, a researcher and former drug company executive, who will become a consultant to Operation Warp Speed. Dr. Kessler will share top responsibilities for the initiative with Gen. Gustave F. Perna, who will continue as chief operating officer, according to a Biden transition spokesman. Dr. Kessler’s responsibilities will cover manufacturing, distribution and the safety and efficacy of vaccines and therapeutics.

“Dr. Kessler became a trusted adviser to the Biden campaign and to President-elect Biden at the beginning of the pandemic, and has probably briefed Biden 50 or 60 times since March,” said Anita Dunn, co-chair of the transition team. “When staff gets asked, ‘What do the doctors say?,’ we know that David Kessler is one of the doctors that President-elect Biden expects us to have consulted.”

Dr. Kessler will join Operation Warp Speed at a critical time. Although the program is widely credited with making possible the development of two highly effective coronavirus vaccines in record time, it has been much less successful at actually delivering the shots to the public — a complex task it shares with numerous federal, state and local authorities.

The Trump administration had vowed to vaccinate 20 million people by the end of 2020, but as of Thursday, just over 11 million inoculations had been given, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

At some vaccination sites, long lines of elderly people have queued up for hours waiting for a vaccine; at others, a lack of willing recipients is forcing providers to offer the shots to random passers-by, before the doses expire.

In the late fall, Dr. Kessler warned Mr. Biden that Operation Warp Speed was not prepared for getting the shots into people’s arms. The transition team said last week that the president-elect intended to create vaccination sites in high school gyms, convention centers and mobile units to reach high-risk populations. Details of the plans are expected on Friday.

In addition to working to speed delivery of vaccines throughout the country, Dr. Kessler is expected to increase the emphasis on development of treatments, and he plans to begin a major antiviral development program for treatment of Covid-19, according to transition officials. He also wants to build U.S. capacity for manufacturing vaccines against the coronavirus as well as leading known pathogens.

Dr. Kessler is close to Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s top infectious disease doctor who became the leading governmental voice on the coronavirus pandemic. The two worked closely to speed the development and approval of drugs that changed the course of the AIDS epidemic in the 1990s.

Covid-19 Vaccines ›

Answers to Your Vaccine Questions

If I live in the U.S., when can I get the vaccine?

While the exact order of vaccine recipients may vary by state, most will likely put medical workers and residents of long-term care facilities first. If you want to understand how this decision is getting made, this article will help.

When can I return to normal life after being vaccinated?

Life will return to normal only when society as a whole gains enough protection against the coronavirus. Once countries authorize a vaccine, they’ll only be able to vaccinate a few percent of their citizens at most in the first couple months. The unvaccinated majority will still remain vulnerable to getting infected. A growing number of coronavirus vaccines are showing robust protection against becoming sick. But it’s also possible for people to spread the virus without even knowing they’re infected because they experience only mild symptoms or none at all. Scientists don’t yet know if the vaccines also block the transmission of the coronavirus. So for the time being, even vaccinated people will need to wear masks, avoid indoor crowds, and so on. Once enough people get vaccinated, it will become very difficult for the coronavirus to find vulnerable people to infect. Depending on how quickly we as a society achieve that goal, life might start approaching something like normal by the fall 2021.

If I’ve been vaccinated, do I still need to wear a mask?

Yes, but not forever. The two vaccines that will potentially get authorized this month clearly protect people from getting sick with Covid-19. But the clinical trials that delivered these results were not designed to determine whether vaccinated people could still spread the coronavirus without developing symptoms. That remains a possibility. We know that people who are naturally infected by the coronavirus can spread it while they’re not experiencing any cough or other symptoms. Researchers will be intensely studying this question as the vaccines roll out. In the meantime, even vaccinated people will need to think of themselves as possible spreaders.

Will it hurt? What are the side effects?

The Pfizer and BioNTech vaccine is delivered as a shot in the arm, like other typical vaccines. The injection won’t be any different from ones you’ve gotten before. Tens of thousands of people have already received the vaccines, and none of them have reported any serious health problems. But some of them have felt short-lived discomfort, including aches and flu-like symptoms that typically last a day. It’s possible that people may need to plan to take a day off work or school after the second shot. While these experiences aren’t pleasant, they are a good sign: they are the result of your own immune system encountering the vaccine and mounting a potent response that will provide long-lasting immunity.

Will mRNA vaccines change my genes?

No. The vaccines from Moderna and Pfizer use a genetic molecule to prime the immune system. That molecule, known as mRNA, is eventually destroyed by the body. The mRNA is packaged in an oily bubble that can fuse to a cell, allowing the molecule to slip in. The cell uses the mRNA to make proteins from the coronavirus, which can stimulate the immune system. At any moment, each of our cells may contain hundreds of thousands of mRNA molecules, which they produce in order to make proteins of their own. Once those proteins are made, our cells then shred the mRNA with special enzymes. The mRNA molecules our cells make can only survive a matter of minutes. The mRNA in vaccines is engineered to withstand the cell’s enzymes a bit longer, so that the cells can make extra virus proteins and prompt a stronger immune response. But the mRNA can only last for a few days at most before they are destroyed.

When George Bush appointed him to lead the F.D.A. in 1990, AIDS was raging in the United States. During Dr. Kessler’s tenure, the F.D.A. issued new rules designed to speed drug approval. The pharmaceutical industry developed a class of antiviral drugs to treat AIDS/H.I.V., called protease inhibitors, some of which were approved within 40 days.

“Every one of those drugs I did with Tony,” Dr. Kessler said of Dr. Fauci in an interview. “We did it together. We approved more than a dozen antivirals plus antibiotics. We accelerated the approval, but we did it the right way.”

As commissioner, Dr. Kessler was also known for his battle against the tobacco industry, which until then had been considered sacrosanct in American politics.

Under his direction, and with significant help from the investigator Jack Mitchell, the F.D.A. proved that the tobacco industry knew for 50 years that nicotine was an addictive drug and that cigarette companies could control the levels of nicotine in their products.

That work set the stage for the landmark Master Settlement Agreement in 1998, which forced the tobacco industry to pay an estimated $206 billion in damages to the states, and to change the way they advertised and sold tobacco products. It also led to the 2009 passage of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, which finally gave the F.D.A. the authority to regulate tobacco products.

Dr. Kessler’s other big focus in government was improving American diets. As F.D.A. commissioner, he developed modern-day nutrition facts labels that are easy to read and include basic nutritional information that was often previously omitted.

After leaving the F.D.A., Dr. Kessler served as dean of the Yale School of Medicine, followed by a stint as dean and vice chancellor of the University of California, San Francisco Medical School. After blowing the whistle on financial irregularities at the university, he was dismissed as dean, but after an independent auditor concluded he was correct, the university apologized and he stayed on as a professor.

In 2018, Dr. Kessler became chairman of the board of the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a food and health watchdog group that is often critical of federal health policy.

He has served on the board of Immucor, a provider of transfusion and transplantation diagnostics products, for several years. In 2020, he joined the board of Ellodi Pharmaceuticals, a spinoff from Adare Pharmaceuticals, specializing in gastroenterology-focused drugs.

This week, he resigned from all three boards and is divesting his stock in the businesses. He said he did not own any stock in vaccine-related or pharmaceutical companies.

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orbemnews · 4 years ago

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Warp Pace Officers Say Covid Vaccine Distribution Is Going Too Slowly The distribution of vaccines in the USA has gotten off to a slower-than-expected begin, federal well being officers acknowledged in a information convention on Wednesday, although in addition they voiced confidence that the tempo would speed up within the coming weeks. As of Wednesday, greater than 14 million doses of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines had been despatched out throughout the USA, up from 11.4 million doses on Monday morning. However simply 2.1 million individuals had acquired their first dose as of Monday morning, in response to a dashboard maintained by the Facilities for Illness Management and Prevention. “We agree that that quantity is decrease than what we hoped for,” mentioned Moncef Slaoui, scientific adviser of Operation Warp Pace, the federal effort to speed up vaccine growth and distribution. He added, “We all know that it must be higher, and we’re working onerous to make it higher.” The two.1 million administered doses reported by the C.D.C. is an underestimate of the true quantity due to lags in reporting. And a C.D.C. official mentioned in a separate information convention on Wednesday that 2.6 million individuals had acquired their first dose. Regardless of the quantity, it falls far in need of the objective that federal officers put ahead as lately as this month to have 20 million individuals vaccinated by the top of this yr. The Operation Warp Pace information convention got here a day after President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr. gave a speech in Wilmington, Del., criticizing the Trump administration for these delays. Mr. Biden mentioned that, on the present charge of vaccination, “it’s going to take years, not months,” to guard the complete nation. When he takes workplace on Jan. 20, Mr. Biden mentioned, he’ll use a legislation known as the Protection Manufacturing Act to “order personal trade to speed up the making of the supplies wanted for the vaccines in addition to protecting gear.” The Trump administration has already used that legislation to hurry manufacturing, nevertheless, and Mr. Biden has given few particulars about how his plan might be any totally different. He has promised to manage 100 million photographs — or sufficient for about 50 million individuals if utilizing the two-dose vaccines — within the first 100 days of his time period. Up to date Dec. 30, 2020, 2:37 p.m. ET “That is going to be the best operational problem we’ve ever confronted as a nation,” Mr. Biden mentioned, “however we’re going to get it accomplished.” In a tweet on Tuesday, President Trump appeared to put the blame on governors, saying that it was “as much as the States to distribute the vaccines as soon as dropped at the designated areas by the Federal Authorities.” However a number of governors have lately mentioned their states have struggled as a result of that they had not acquired sufficient cash from the federal authorities. On the Operation Warp Pace information convention on Wednesday, Gen. Gustave F. Perna, the hassle’s logistics lead, mentioned his workforce didn’t have a transparent understanding of why these delays had been occurring. He mentioned the C.D.C. was gathering information to higher perceive the components driving the gradual uptake. “To have larger specificity right now, after two weeks, I don’t suppose could be acceptable,” he mentioned. However Common Perna pointed to some doable contributing components. Along with the lags in reporting, the vacation season and winter climate have delayed uptake. Hospitals and different amenities administering the vaccines are nonetheless studying retailer the doses at very chilly temperatures and correctly administer them. And states have put aside many doses to be given out to their long-term care amenities, a drive that’s simply gearing up and anticipated to take a number of months. To this point, most vaccines administered have been given out at hospitals, clinics and nursing houses. Dr. Slaoui and Common Perna each mentioned they anticipated the tempo of the rollout to speed up considerably as soon as pharmacies start providing vaccines of their shops. The federal authorities has reached agreements with plenty of pharmacy chains — together with Costco, Walmart and CVS — to manage vaccines of their shops and different areas as soon as vaccines change into extra broadly out there. To this point, 40,000 pharmacy areas have enrolled in that program, Common Perna mentioned. “What we must be taking a look at is the speed of acceleration over the approaching weeks,” Dr. Slaoui mentioned, “and I hope it will likely be in the precise path.” Supply hyperlink #Covid #distribution #Officials #slowly #speed #Vaccine #Warp

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decentralvaccine · 4 years ago

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Operation Warp Speed May Not Reach Its Goal to Vaccinate 20 Million Americans By The End Of December

Anthony Fauci told CNN on Tuesday that Operation Warp Speed will not reach its goal of having 20 million Americans receive the coronavirus vaccine by the end of December.

By the numbers: Only 2.1 million people have received the first dose of the vaccine, with nearly 11.5 million doses distributed as of Monday, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

With three days left until the end of the year, the government would need to vaccinate millions of people per day in order to meet the target.

What he's saying: "We certainly are not at the numbers we wanted to be at the end of December," Fauci said.

"I believe that as we get into January, we are going to see an increase in the momentum which, I hope, allows us to catch up to the projected pace that we had spoken about a month or two ago when we were talking about the planned rollout of the vaccinations," he continued.

"We really want to get those priority people vaccinated so that we can then get to what we call 'open season' for the general population. When you get to the point where you can essentially say anybody and everybody who wants to be vaccinated can be vaccinated, that's when you really turn around the dynamics of the outbreak."

The big picture: In the first week of Pfizer's vaccine distribution, governors reported that they were receiving fewer allocations than expected, even as members of Operation Warp Speed said in early December that they were confident they would be able to distribute enough vaccines to get 20 million people vaccinated.

Army Gen. Gustave Perna, the member of Operation Warp Speed responsible for the vaccine distribution, apologized for the "miscommunication" with states over the number of doses they were supposed to receive.

President-elect Joe Biden, who will criticize the Trump administration for its missed targets in a speech on Tuesday, has said he has a plan to administer 100 million vaccine shots in his first 100 days.

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.axios.com/fauci-coronavirus-vaccine-december-target-418a9ba7-02e2-417d-b2dc-f552dd9d4f5d.html

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gordonwilliamsweb · 4 years ago

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Analysis: Some Said the Vaccine Rollout Would Be a ‘Nightmare.’ They Were Right.

This story also ran on The New York Times. It can be republished for free.

WASHINGTON — Even before there was a vaccine, some seasoned doctors and public health experts warned, Cassandra-like, that its distribution would be “a logistical nightmare.”

After Week 1 of the rollout, “nightmare” sounds like an apt description.

Dozens of states say they didn’t receive nearly the number of promised doses. Pfizer says millions of doses sat in its storerooms, because no one from President Donald Trump’s Operation Warp Speed task force told them where to ship them. A number of states have few sites that can handle the ultra-cold storage required for the Pfizer product, so, for example, front-line workers in Georgia have had to travel 40 minutes to get a shot. At some hospitals, residents treating COVID patients protested that they had not received the vaccine while administrators did, even though they work from home and don’t treat patients.

The potential for more chaos is high. Dr. Vivek Murthy, named as the next surgeon general under President-elect Joe Biden, said this week that the Trump administration’s prediction — that the general population would get the vaccine in April — was realistic only if everything went smoothly. He instead predicted wide distribution by summer or fall.

The Trump administration had expressed confidence that the rollout would be smooth, because it was being overseen by a four-star general, Gustave Perna, an expert in logistics. But it turns out that getting fuel, tanks and tents into war-torn mountainous Afghanistan is in many ways simpler than passing out a vaccine in our privatized, profit-focused and highly fragmented medical system. Gen. Perna apologized this week, saying he wanted to “take personal responsibility.” It’s really mostly not his fault.

Throughout the COVID pandemic, the U.S. health care system has shown that it is not built for a coordinated pandemic response (among many other things). States took wildly different COVID prevention measures; individual hospitals varied in their ability to face this kind of national disaster; and there were huge regional disparities in test availability — with a slow ramp-up in availability due, at least in some part, because no payment or billing mechanism was established.

Why should vaccine distribution be any different?

In World War II, toymakers were conscripted to make needed military hardware airplane parts, and commercial shipyards to make military transport vessels. The Trump administration has been averse to invoking the Defense Production Act, which could help speed and coordinate the process of vaccine manufacture and distribution. On Tuesday, it indicated it might do so, but only to help Pfizer obtain raw materials that are in short supply, so that the drugmaker could produce — and sell — more vaccines in the United States.

Instead of a central health-directed strategy, we have multiple companies competing to capture their financial piece of the pandemic health care pie, each with its patent-protected product as well as its own supply chain and shipping methods.

Add to this bedlam the current decision-tree governing distribution: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has made official recommendations about who should get the vaccine first — but throughout the pandemic, many states have felt free to ignore the agency’s suggestions.

Instead, Operation Warp Speed allocated initial doses to the states, depending on population. From there, an inscrutable mix of state officials, public health agencies and lobbyists seem to be determining where the vaccine should go. In some states, counties requested an allotment from the state, and then they tried to accommodate requests from hospitals, which made their individual algorithms for how to dole out the precious cargo. Once it became clear there wasn’t enough vaccine to go around, each entity made its own adjustments.

Some doses are being shipped by FedEx or UPS. But Pfizer — which did not fully participate in Operation Warp Speed — is shipping much of the vaccine itself. In nursing homes, some vaccines will be delivered and administered by employees of CVS and Walgreens, though issues of staffing and consent remain there.

The Moderna vaccine, rolling out this week, will be packaged by the “pharmaceutical services provider” Catalent in Bloomington, Indiana, and then sent to McKesson, a large pharmaceutical logistics and distribution outfit. It has offices in places like Memphis, Tennessee, and Louisville, which are near air hubs for FedEx and UPS, which will ship them out.

Is your head spinning yet?

Looking forward, basic questions remain for 2021: How will essential workers at some risk (transit workers, teachers, grocery store employees) know when it’s their turn? (And it will matter which city you work in.) What about people with chronic illness — and then everyone else? And who administers the vaccine — doctors or the local drugstore?

In Belgium, where many hospitals and doctors are private but work within a significant central organization, residents will get an invitation letter “when it’s their turn.” In Britain, the National Joint Committee on Vaccination has settled on a priority list for vaccinations — those over 80, those who live or work in nursing homes, and health care workers at high risk. The National Health Service will let everyone else “know when it’s your turn to get the vaccine ” from the government-run health system.

In the United States, I dread a mad scramble — as in, “Did you hear the CVS on P Street got a shipment?” But this time, it’s not toilet paper.

Combine this vision of disorder with the nation’s high death toll, and it’s not surprising that there is intense jockeying and lobbying — by schools, unions, even people with different types of preexisting diseases — over who should get the vaccine first, second and third. It’s hard to “wait your turn” in a country where there are 200,000 new cases and as many as 2,000 new daily COVID deaths — a tragic per capita order of magnitude higher than in many other developed countries.

So kudos and thanks to the science and the scientists who made the vaccine in record time. I’ll eagerly hold out my arm — so I can see the family and friends and colleagues I’ve missed all these months. If only I can figure out when I’m eligible, and where to go to get it.

Kaiser Health News (KHN) is a national health policy news service. It is an editorially independent program of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation which is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.

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Analysis: Some Said the Vaccine Rollout Would Be a ‘Nightmare.’ They Were Right. published first on https://nootropicspowdersupplier.tumblr.com/

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stephenmccull · 4 years ago

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Analysis: Some Said the Vaccine Rollout Would Be a ‘Nightmare.’ They Were Right.

This story also ran on The New York Times. It can be republished for free.

WASHINGTON — Even before there was a vaccine, some seasoned doctors and public health experts warned, Cassandra-like, that its distribution would be “a logistical nightmare.”

After Week 1 of the rollout, “nightmare” sounds like an apt description.

Why should vaccine distribution be any different?

Is your head spinning yet?

In the United States, I dread a mad scramble — as in, “Did you hear the CVS on P Street got a shipment?” But this time, it’s not toilet paper.

Kaiser Health News (KHN) is a national health policy news service. It is an editorially independent program of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation which is not affiliated with Kaiser Permanente.

USE OUR CONTENT

This story can be republished for free (details).

Analysis: Some Said the Vaccine Rollout Would Be a ‘Nightmare.’ They Were Right. published first on https://smartdrinkingweb.weebly.com/

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