#German Precision Optics

[attackcopterblog]

GPO USA ANNOUNCES CENTURI RIFLESCOPE SERIES ROLL OUT

GPO USA German Precision Optics has announced the release of their CENTURI riflescope series. GPO USA states “Mike Jensen, owner and CEO of GPO USA, a renowned leader in the engineering, design, and development of premium binoculars, riflescopes, and rangefinders, is pleased to announce that the much-talked-about and much anticipated CENTURI riflescope line is now shipping. Unveiled at the SHOT…

[dancuny]

Zeh Zeca-Flex Camera

This camera combines the compactness of a folding camera with the quality and handling of a twin-lens reflex camera. The Zeh Zeca-Flex is just the camera mentioned above, and I've had my eye on it for many years. However, the rareness and price have always eluded me until I went into a great used camera store in Salt Lake City, UT, Acme Camera.

 The first time I went into Acme Camera, they were in their older location, and the store was filled with photo knickknacks. I struck up a conversation with the people there who were selling used gear, servicing cameras, and renting for the local photo community. On my second visit, back in one of the cases was the Zeca-Flex I currently have. The camera was in excellent condition, with clean optics and a working shutter. I offered a trade for the camera, and they accepted. I was elated to have the camera so I could do a blog article on my Zeca-Flex.

History:

In the early 1900s, around 1901-1902, Paul Zeh produced camera parts like shutters in his workshop in Dresden for some of the other local camera companies in Germany. In 1913, he started producing cameras, and by 1922, the company Paul Zeh Kamerawerk was started. In the early years, the company mainly produced folding plate cameras or cameras that took images on glass plates, which was very common at that time period.

During the 1920s, the company did very well. At this time in photo history, roll film was starting to become more popular. The photographer or photo enthusiast didn't need to carry bulky film holders. All the photographer needed to do was put in a roll of film and get 8, 10, 12, or 16 different photos on the same roll of film without the hassle or inconvenience of loading and carrying the film holders. 

The Pilot Reflex camera, produced in 1931 by Kamera-Werkstätten Guthe & Thorsch in Dresden, has a very similar style and appearance to the Perfekta and the Super Perfekta; you can see a review by Mike Eckman of the Pilot.

 During the late 1920s and 1930s, the company expanded production into folding roll film cameras. These cameras were more compact and allowed the photographer to travel with less equipment, so their popularity grew.

 By 1937, Zeh produced the Zeca-Flex, a folding, twin-lens reflex camera. Its design is very similar to that of the Welta Perfekta, which was produced in the 1933-34 timeframe, and the more robust Super Perfekta introduced in 1935. The Perfekta and Super Perfekta were made by Welta Kamera Werk, which was in Freital, a very close town to Dresden. 

I'm confident Zeh wanted to compete with Welta on this camera style. Unfortunately, this camera style didn't catch on with consumers. Hence, with all three cameras, the Perfekta, Super Perfekta, and Zeca-Flex were the only cameras made and are rare and somewhat expensive.

 WWII took a toll on Dresden as the Allies leveled the city due to its large manufacturing capabilities. By 1948, the Zeh plant closed, and the company went out of business. My guess is that some of the Russian companies took some of the camera manufacturing machines to produce some of the after-war cameras. This is just my guess, though.

 My Camera: 

The condition of my Zeca-Flex is unusually excellent for a camera that is almost 90 years old. The metal is still shiny, and all the functions move like when the camera was first purchased in the late 1930s.

 The camera measures 7.5" long without the light hood open. When the light hood is open, it measures 9.25" tall. The Zeca-Flex is 3.75" wide and closed; it's 2.5" from the front of the viewing lens to the rear of the camera. When the camera is open, it measures 4.75". The Zeca-Flex weighs 2lb—5.2 oz.

The lens on my Zeca-Flex is a Schneider Xenar 7.5cm (75mm) f 3.5 in an F. Deckel Compur Rapid shutter. The shutter speeds go from 1/400 to 1 sec with both "T" and "B" settings. Since I don't have a proper shutter tester, all the shutter speeds sound accurate to my trained ear. The viewing lens is a Sucher Anistigmat f2.9 lens.

To open the camera, there is a small button on the left side as you hold it to take a photo. Press that small button in, and the lens door unlocks. On my camera, you need to pull out the lens to put it into the taking position. There are knurled grips on the sides of the lens door to pull the lens out. Also on the lens door is a flip-out stand that allows you to stand the camera up, which is very common in folding cameras.

To close the lens, there are two buttons on either side of the backdoor. You press in towards the camera body, then slide the lens back into it and close it until you hear the locking "click" sound, which means the lens is back and locked in the camera body.

 On the back of the light hood, there is a sliding bar you slide over to open the light hood for viewing purposes, and on the side of the light hood is a switch you can flip up or down the magnifying glass for critical focusing.

There is a latch at the top of the back door, which you slide up to open the film door to load and unload film. In my camera, there is a roll film holder you put the roll of film into before putting it into the camera. The film holder is something I've never seen before, and on the first roll, I needed to figure out which way the film rolled across the shutter, but it was easy to figure out. Now that I've done it, it makes sense, and I won't have difficulty in the future.

 The frame counter resets to number 1 when I close the back of my camera, or at least it was there when I put film in it. There is a button on top of the frame counter. When I slide that button over, the frame counter goes to number 5, so my guess is that isn't correct. I can't find an instruction manual for this camera online, so I'm not 100% sure of the correct way to get maximum frames from the camera. 

There is a red window on the back, which I'll use in the future, as I did miss a few frames at the beginning of the roll when I shot with it. The film advance is on the bottom of the camera and is directly tied into the frame counter, whether you have film in it or not. The frame spacing on my camera was good once I got to the first frame and used the frame counter to find the next frame.

 To focus the lens, as you hold the camera to take photos, there is a wheel next to the viewing lens. I rolled my finger across it one way or the other to achieve proper focus, which was the easiest and made the most sense to me.

Results:

Now that I had a roll of film in the camera, I took it out and walked around the neighborhood to get some photos.  Here are some pictures I took on my walk with the stunning Zeca-Flex camera.

  Conclusion:

The viewfinder wasn't the brightest, and achieving good focus was difficult even with the magnifying glass up. Another negative about using the camera is where the shutter release is placed. There is no shutter release button, so you need to cock the shutter and then release it with the shutter release button, which is in an awkward place and thought my finger would be in the photo, but it wasn't.

Besides these two items, the camera was a joy to shoot with, and I feel lucky that my camera is in such good condition. I will use it again, but I'm putting it back on the shelf and trying something different for next week's blog post.

 Thank you for taking a few minutes to review some of the cameras in my collection.

 Please be safe, and I hope to hear from you soon.

[girlactionfigure]

LEICA AND THE JEWS

The Leica is the pioneer 35mm camera. It is a German product - precise, minimalist, and utterly efficient.

Behind its worldwide acceptance as a creative tool was a family-owned, socially oriented firm that, during the Nazi era, acted with uncommon grace, generosity and modesty. E. Leitz Inc., designer and manufacturer of Germany's most famous photographic product, saved its Jews.

And Ernst Leitz II, the steely-eyed Protestant patriarch who headed the closely held firm as the Holocaust loomed across Europe , acted in such a way as to earn the title, "the photography industry's Schindler."

As soon as Adolf Hitler was named chancellor of Germany in 1933, Ernst Leitz II began receiving frantic calls from Jewish associates, asking for his help in getting them and their families out of the country. As Christians, Leitz and his family were immune to Nazi Germany's Nuremberg laws, which restricted the movement of Jews and limited their professional activities.

To help his Jewish workers and colleagues, Leitz quietly established what has become known among historians of the Holocaust as "the Leica Freedom Train," a covert means of allowing Jews to leave Germany in the guise of Leitz employees being assigned overseas.

Employees, retailers, family members, even friends of family members were "assigned" to Leitz sales offices in France, Britain, Hong Kong and the United States, Leitz's activities intensified after the Kristallnacht of November 1938, during which synagogues and Jewish shops were burned across Germany.

Before long, German "employees" were disembarking from the ocean liner Bremen at a New York pier and making their way to the Manhattan office of Leitz Inc., where executives quickly found them jobs in the photographic industry.

Each new arrival had around his or her neck the symbol of freedom - a new Leica camera.

The refugees were paid a stipend until they could find work. Out of this migration came designers, repair technicians, salespeople, marketers and writers for the photographic press.

Keeping the story quiet The "Leica Freedom Train" was at its height in 1938 and early 1939, delivering groups of refugees to New York every few weeks. Then, with the invasion of Poland on Sept. 1, 1939, Germany closed its borders.

By that time, hundreds of endangered Jews had escaped to America, thanks to the Leitzes' efforts. How did Ernst Leitz II and his staff get away with it?

Leitz, Inc. was an internationally recognized brand that reflected

credit on the newly resurgent Reich. The company produced cameras, range-finders and other optical systems for the German military. Also, the Nazi government desperately needed hard currency from abroad, and Leitz's single biggest market for optical goods was the United States.

Even so, members of the Leitz family and firm suffered for their good works. A top executive, Alfred Turk, was jailed for working to help Jews and freed only after the payment of a large bribe.

Leitz's daughter, Elsie Kuhn-Leitz, was imprisoned by the Gestapo after she was caught at the border, helping Jewish women cross into Switzerland . She eventually was freed but endured rough treatment in the course of questioning. She also fell under suspicion when she attempted to improve the living conditions of 700 to 800 Ukrainian slave laborers, all of them women, who had been assigned to work in the plant during the 1940s.

(After the war, Kuhn-Leitz received numerous honors for her humanitarian efforts, among them the Officier d'honneur des Palms Academic from France in 1965 and the Aristide Briand Medal from the European Academy in the 1970s.)

Why has no one told this story until now? According to the late Norman Lipton, a freelance writer and editor, the Leitz family wanted no publicity for its heroic efforts. Only after the last member of the Leitz family was dead did the "Leica Freedom Train" finally come to light.

It is now the subject of a book, "The Greatest Invention of the Leitz Family: The Leica Freedom Train," by Frank Dabba Smith, a California-born Rabbi currently living in England.

Thank you for reading the above, and if you feel inclined as I did to pass it along to others, please do so. It only takes a few minutes.

Memories of the righteous should live on.

Rabbi Yisroel Bernath

[leicacameras123]

Leica Q3- Unique just like you! Leica Cameras Leica Cameras

Leica Q3

Leica is yet again pushing the boundaries of ingenuity with the Leica Q3, a camera that stands out from its contemporaries by seamlessly integrating high-level connectivity and communication without compromising its premium photographic and cinematic imaging performance. This blog explores the remarkable features and capabilities of the Leica Q3, catering to the creative visions of photographers and content creators.

Visit our website to know more:-

[semiconductorsandelectronics]

Exploring the Growth of the Germany RTLS Market: Trends and Opportunities

The Real-Time Location System (RTLS) Market in Germany is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing demand for precise asset tracking and management solutions across various industries such as healthcare, and manufacturing. RTLS technology enables organizations to monitor the location of assets, people, and equipment in real-time, enhancing operational efficiency and safety. Germany manufactures high-quality diagnostic imaging equipment, precision medical and dental instruments, and optical devices. Therefore, with a vast number of healthcare facilities available, RTLS solutions have widely been accepted in Germany.

RTLS to Drive Manufacturing Excellence in Germany

Germany emphasizes the integration of advanced manufacturing and integrated information and communications technologies into manufacturing processes to allow real-time control of energy, productivity, and costs across factories and companies. Advanced manufacturing has provided the best export potential for industries such as machine tools/general industrial equipment, robotics, information and communication technology, process control instrumentation and electronics industry production equipment, additive manufacturing, and advanced materials for the next 5 to 10 years. This has attracted many manufacturing industries and companies towards RTLS solutions for tracking and monitoring applications. The market for RTLS in Germany is considered to be substantially growing as there are companies adopting RTLS technology rapidly.

Rising Adoption in Healthcare Industry

The healthcare sector is one of the primary drivers of RTLS adoption in Germany. Hospitals increasingly implement RTLS solutions to track medical equipment, patients, and staff. This capability improves patient care by ensuring timely interventions and enhances operational efficiency by reducing equipment search times. One of the primary drivers for RTLS adoption in German healthcare facilities is the need for efficient asset management. Hospitals often struggle with locating essential medical equipment such as infusion pumps, ultrasound machines, and portable monitors. According to a report from RFID Konsortium, nurses frequently waste valuable time searching for diagnostic tools, which detracts from patient care. For instance, a nurse may spend several minutes trying to locate a mobile ultrasound machine, time that could be better spent attending to patients. By implementing RTLS technology, hospitals can track these assets in real-time, significantly reducing search times and improving staff productivity.

Download PDF Brochure @ https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/pdfdownloadNew.asp?id=1322

Impact of AI on RTLS Market in Germany

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is set to transform the RTLS market by enhancing data analysis capabilities and improving operational efficiency in German market. AI algorithms can analyze vast amounts of data generated by RTLS systems to identify patterns, predict maintenance needs, and optimize asset utilization. For instance, AI can help organizations anticipate equipment failures before they occur, reducing downtime and maintenance costs. Furthermore, AI-driven insights can enhance inventory management processes by providing real-time visibility into stock levels and locations, enabling organizations to make informed decisions rapidly.

[rxsafetyglasses]

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[head-post]

Russia “pierces” Donbas, holds nuclear drills, possibly uses North Korea’s military-industrial complex, US “does not guarantee” Ukraine’s victory

Russian troops continue their offensive in Donbas using North Korea’s latest Bulsae-4 anti-tank missile system, while the US admits it will not be able to ensure Ukraine’s victory in the armed conflict on its own.

Ukrainian media published footage of an armoured vehicle found near Vovchansk. The North Korean Bulsae-4 Anti-Tank Missile Vehicle is a fibre-optic guided missile system capable of engaging rotary and armoured targets at extended ranges of 15 to 25 km.

Meanwhile, Russian troops are approaching the strategically important city of Pokrovsk in eastern Ukraine, “threatening a vital Ukrainian supply line as Moscow continues its slow, grinding offensive,” according to CNN.

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky acknowledged the difficult situation in his nightly address to the nation on Sunday, claiming that Ukrainian troops were facing an “extremely challenging” reality in the area.

It is in the Pokrovsk direction that there have been the biggest number of Russian assaults these weeks – the most intense enemy attacks are precisely there and everyone who stops these Russian strikes and destroys this Russian offensive potential is performing one of the most important missions in this war.

Pokrovsk is not a major city, but it serves as a key hub for the Ukrainian military due to its easy access to Kostiantynivka, another military centre. The road connecting the two is used by the Ukrainians to resupply the frontline and evacuate the wounded towards Dnipro.

North Korea’s military-industrial complex

North Korea is expanding factories to produce anti-tank missiles required by Russia, NK Pro reports. According to an analysis of satellite imagery, the country is modernising several factories suspected of producing weapons likely to be of interest to Russia amid a growing arms trade.

The expansion of the two facilities in the northwest comes as the DPRK (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the official name of North Korea) has also begun construction of a rifle factory, reportedly modelled on Russian products. Extensive new underground facilities, potentially for weapons storage, are also being built near other weapons factories.

Analysis of NK Pro satellite images shows that a new project is underway to increase production capacity at the missile-producing Sinuiju Measuring Instrument Factory near the Chinese border. The authors of the analysis link the DPRK’s growing activity with possible work on exports to Russia, while simultaneously not ruling out work on urgent renewal of the country’s military arsenal.

German military analyst Julian Röpke said that at this pace Russian troops could reach Kyiv within two years. He also noted Russia’s progress on the Pokrovsk direction.

I remember people laughing just four months ago that at this rate, Russians wouldn’t get to Kyiv for another 30 years. At the rate they are now advancing east of Pokrovsk, it will only take them two years. Purely theoretical, of course.

Nuclear drills

Russia announced the third stage of a non-strategic nuclear exercise, presumably to persuade Ukraine’s allies to join a military conflict, according to the Defence Ministry.

In accordance with the decision of the president of the Russian Federation, the third stage of the non-strategic nuclear forces exercise has begun. The exercise will work out the issues of preparing units of the Russian Federation Armed Forces for the combat use of non-strategic nuclear weapons.

Challenges in aiding Ukraine

Meanwhile, Ukrainian Finance Minister Serhiy Marchenko described the economic situation in the country as critical, according to Ukrainian media. He stated that the two main problems of the Ukrainian government were the “hole” in the country’s state budget of 500bn hryvnias (about $12bn) and the need to close it as soon as possible.

Marchenko said that it was necessary to find money as soon as possible to cover the deficit and avoid an economic crisis, as there was very little time left. He predicted that Ukraine’s budget next year would face an “additional” deficit of up to $12bn. According to Marchenko’s calculations, the ministry had to increase defence spending by $4bn in the first quarter of this year.

US distancing

Assistant secretary of state for European and Eurasian affairs, James O’Brien, stressed that the United States could not ensure Ukraine’s success in its war against Russia alone. He expressed the opinion during a hearing of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee.

Earlier it was reported that Germany was cutting its support for Ukraine as it saw no prospects for a Ukrainian victory. Meanwhile, the EU is in a wait-and-see mode as the US presidential election in November will largely determine the future of aid to Ukraine in its war against Russia.

Meanwhile, Assistant Secretary for the Bureau of Arms Control, Deterrence, and Stability Mallory Stewart stated that the US would not give up support for Ukraine for the sake of resuming dialogue with Russia.

According to the Pew Research Center, 62% of Republicans say the United States is not obliged to help Ukraine fight Russia. Americans are generally divided evenly on whether the United States is obliged to help Ukraine (48% say it is obliged, 49% say it is not).

Americans remain divided over the extent of US aid to Ukraine. Today, 29% of Americans say the US is providing too much support to Ukraine, and a similar proportion indicate it is providing roughly the right amount (26%). About two in ten (19%) say the US is not providing enough support, and a quarter are not sure.

The new poll, which surveyed 9,424 American adults, was conducted from 1 to 7 July 2024, before President Joe Biden announced he was abandoning his bid for the Democratic presidential nomination.

Read more HERE

[maacsatara]

History and Evolution of VFX in Film and Television

Visual Effects (VFX) have come a long way since the early days of cinema. From simple camera tricks to sophisticated digital effects, VFX has continually pushed the boundaries of storytelling and visual artistry in film and television. For those aspiring to enter this dynamic field, attending a reputable VFX institute in Pune can provide a solid foundation and advanced skills. This essay delves into the history and evolution of VFX, highlighting key milestones and technological advancements that have shaped the industry.

#### The Silent Era and Early Innovations

The origins of VFX can be traced back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, during the silent film era. Pioneering filmmakers like Georges Méliès were among the first to experiment with visual effects. Méliès, a former magician, utilized techniques such as multiple exposures, time-lapse photography, and hand-painted color to create magical and otherworldly scenes in films like "A Trip to the Moon" (1902).

In the 1920s, German expressionist films like "The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari" (1920) and "Metropolis" (1927) employed innovative set designs, miniatures, and matte paintings to create fantastical and dystopian worlds. These early experiments laid the groundwork for more complex visual effects techniques.

#### The Golden Age of Hollywood

The 1930s to the 1950s marked the Golden Age of Hollywood, a period of significant advancement in VFX. One of the most notable achievements was the use of rear projection in Alfred Hitchcock's "The 39 Steps" (1935) and later in films like "North by Northwest" (1959). This technique allowed filmmakers to project background footage behind actors, creating the illusion that they were in a different location.

The 1933 film "King Kong" showcased groundbreaking stop-motion animation by Willis O'Brien, bringing the giant ape to life with remarkable realism for its time. This period also saw the development of the optical printer, a device that allowed filmmakers to combine multiple pieces of film into a single shot, enabling more complex effects.

In 1939, "The Wizard of Oz" stunned audiences with its use of Technicolor and practical effects. The transformation of the Wicked Witch of the West into a puff of smoke and the tornado sequence were achieved using practical effects and miniatures, demonstrating the creative potential of VFX.

#### The Rise of Computer Graphics

The 1960s and 1970s saw the emergence of computer graphics (CG), which would eventually revolutionize VFX. Early computer-generated imagery appeared in films like "2001: A Space Odyssey" (1968), where the pioneering use of slit-scan photography created the iconic "Star Gate" sequence. This period also witnessed the development of motion control photography, a technique that allowed for precise camera movements and repeatable shots.

The 1970s marked a turning point with the release of "Star Wars" (1977). George Lucas's Industrial Light & Magic (ILM) used innovative techniques such as motion control and compositing to create the film's groundbreaking visual effects. The success of "Star Wars" paved the way for a new era of VFX-driven blockbusters.

#### The Digital Revolution

The 1980s and 1990s ushered in the digital revolution, transforming the VFX industry. The 1982 film "Tron" was one of the first to extensively use computer-generated imagery, featuring fully digital environments and characters. However, it was James Cameron's "The Abyss" (1989) that showcased the potential of CGI with its groundbreaking water creature, created by ILM.

The release of "Jurassic Park" (1993) marked a watershed moment in VFX history. The film's realistic CGI dinosaurs, created by ILM, demonstrated the power of digital effects in creating lifelike creatures. This success was followed by "Terminator 2: Judgment Day" (1991), which featured the revolutionary T-1000 character, showcasing the potential of CGI for character animation.

The late 1990s and early 2000s saw rapid advancements in digital VFX, with films like "The Matrix" (1999) popularizing techniques such as bullet time, where time appears to slow down while the camera moves at normal speed. Peter Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy (2001-2003) pushed the boundaries of digital effects, using CGI to create vast landscapes, epic battles, and the character of Gollum, which was one of the first fully realized digital characters.

#### Modern VFX and Beyond

The 21st century has seen VFX become an integral part of filmmaking and television production. Films like "Avatar" (2009) utilized performance capture technology to create lifelike digital characters, setting new standards for visual effects. The rise of digital intermediates has allowed for greater flexibility in color grading and compositing, enhancing the visual storytelling process.

In television, VFX has also made significant strides. Shows like "Game of Thrones" and "The Mandalorian" have demonstrated the potential of visual effects in episodic storytelling, using a combination of practical effects, CGI, and virtual production techniques to create immersive worlds.

#### Conclusion

The history and evolution of VFX in film and television is a testament to the power of innovation and creativity. From the early experiments of Georges Méliès to the digital masterpieces of today, VFX has continually pushed the boundaries of what is possible in visual storytelling. As technology continues to advance, the future of VFX promises even more groundbreaking achievements, transforming the way we experience and engage with media.

[tiradoresprecision]

Dos nuevos monoculares 10X de German Precision Optics USA

German Precision Optics y su división de EE. UU., un fabricante y distribuidor de óptica deportiva de alta calidad y asequible, se enorgullece de presentar dos nuevos monoculares 10X en su línea de óptica premium: el monocular GPO PASSION 10x32ED y el monocular táctico GPOTAC 10x42ED. Ambos monóculares son una excelente manera de detectar objetivos desde lejos mientras reducen el peso total que…

[attackcopterblog]

German Precision Optics CENTURI 4-16x44i: FFP Riflescope for Tactical Rifles

German Precision Optic USA GPO USA has recently spotlighted their new Super Compact CENTURI series 4-16x44i Riflescope. German Precision Optics USA states “Tactical operators and shooters using short, lightweight tactical rifles demand both precision and high-end variable power in their riflescopes. The GPO Super Compact CENTURI 4-16x44i provides the smallest and lightest package in today’s…

[dancuny]

Zeiss Kolibri-The Hummingbird

The Zeiss Kolibri, which means "Hummingbird" in German, has always been a camera I wanted for my collection. I liked it mainly because it's very sleek and petite and resembles a 35mm camera, but its main attraction was its use of a larger 127 film size. The camera was built only for a few years, from 1930 through 1932, but I've seen ads for it through 1935.

 I had the opportunity to purchase one when I visited an antique store while on a trip to Minneapolis a couple of years ago. Still, I didn't pull the trigger to buy it, and ever since that trip, I've regretted it, so when I noticed an online auction for a few of the Zeiss Kolibri cameras come up for auction, I jumped on the opportunity and bid on two. At first, I thought these were different years of production, one being older than the other. One is more worn and used than the other. Both have the "cane," which keeps the camera upright, and both are in working condition.

 I won the cameras in the auction for a fair price, including the auction house commission and shipping fees. When the cameras arrived, I was pleased to see both in good working condition. One of the cameras seemed well used, and the other needed the aperture scale indicator, something I didn't notice when I bid on the items. Still, overall, I was pleased with the purchase and wanted to take one of the cameras out to see how it would perform.

History:

The story of Zeiss cameras is deeply intertwined with the evolution of optical technology and the art of photography. Founded in 1846 by Carl Zeiss in Jena, Germany, the company began as a precision mechanics and optics workshop. While its early focus was microscopes, the company's commitment to innovation soon extended to camera lenses and photographic equipment, establishing Zeiss as a pioneer in the optical and photographic industries.

 In the late 19th century, Zeiss gained prominence for its advancements in lens manufacturing. In collaboration with physicist Ernst Abbe, the company introduced revolutionary optical theories that improved lens quality and design. This partnership led to the creation of the Zeiss Anastigmat lens in 1889, which minimized distortions and chromatic aberrations, setting new standards for photographic lenses.

As photography gained popularity in the early 20th century, Zeiss partnered with other manufacturers to produce complete cameras. In 1926, Zeiss joined forces with several German camera companies to form Zeiss Ikon, consolidating its leadership in the industry. Zeiss Ikon cameras, like the Contessa-Nettel and the Ikonta, became renowned for their precision engineering and exceptional optics.

 One of Zeiss's most iconic contributions to photography was the Contax series, introduced in 1932 to compete with Leica. The Contax cameras were known for their innovative designs, including using a rangefinder system and superior Zeiss lenses like the Sonnar and Biotar. These cameras quickly became favorites among professionals and enthusiasts for their sharpness and reliability.

During this period, Zeiss also developed a range of lenses that became benchmarks in the industry. The Tessar lens, introduced in 1902, remains one of the most widely used lens designs in photographic history, praised for its sharpness and compact size.

World War II disrupted Zeiss's operations, splitting the company into East and West divisions. The East German division, headquartered in Jena, retained the Zeiss Ikon name, while the West German division, based in Oberkochen, became Carl Zeiss AG. Despite the division, both branches continued producing high-quality photographic equipment.

In the 1950s, Zeiss partnered with Japanese camera manufacturers, most notably Yashica, to produce the Contax series. This collaboration introduced groundbreaking features like TTL metering, which became an industry standard.

 By the late 20th century, Zeiss shifted its focus from producing cameras to developing advanced lenses for various manufacturers. The company collaborated with brands like Sony, Hasselblad, and Nokia, bringing Zeiss optics to a broader audience. In 1996, the Contax G2, a rangefinder camera with autofocus and electronic control, became a cult favorite, blending modern technology with classic Zeiss craftsmanship.

In the digital era, Zeiss continues to push the boundaries of optical technology. Its lenses are widely used in professional photography, cinematography, and even smartphones. The company's commitment to precision, innovation, and excellence defines its legacy.

 From its beginnings in 19th-century Jena to its status as a global leader in optical technology, Zeiss has profoundly shaped the world of photography. Its cameras and lenses have captured countless iconic moments, leaving an indelible mark on history. Today, Zeiss is synonymous with unparalleled optical quality, a testament to over 175 years of innovation and craftsmanship.

My Camera:

My Kolibri camera is 4.5" tall without the viewfinder erected and 5.5" with it erected, by 3" wide and 2" deep without the lens in the taking position and 2.75" with the lens popped out and in the taking position. My camera weighs just over 1 lbs at 1 lbs .6oz. With the viewfinder down and the lens retracted, it's a very compact and sturdy camera that takes 16, 3x4cm images on 127-size film. The Zeiss Kolibri (523/18) has a couple of different lens and shutter combinations. The one I used to take the photos has a Novar Anastigmat 5cm F4.5 lens in a TELMA shutter. The other camera I received has a Carl Zeiss Jena Tessar 5cm F3.5 lens in a Compur shutter. A third model has a Zeiss Biotar 5cm F2 lens. All of the different lens/shutter combinations are in a chrome polished tube that pulls out to take the photos and to retract, grab the "wings" on either side of the lens, turn the lens slightly counter-clockwise, and press the lens back into the camera body. You also grab the "wings" to pull the lens out to take photos.

The Telma shutter has only three shutter speeds, 1/100, 1/50, and 1/25, along with "B" and "T" for timed exposures. The Compur shutter is more extensive, with shutter speeds starting at 1/300, 1/100, 1/50, etc., to 1 sec along with "B" & "T." The shutter release is on the left-hand side with the Telma shutter, and you do not need to cock the shutter; just press the shutter release and the shutter fires. On the Compur shutter, the cocking mechanism is on top of the shutter, and the shutter release is below, so there is a little difference between the two cameras in the shutter and shutter release function.

On both cameras, the aperture settings are under the lens with a little slide that points to the aperture setting. Focus on both cameras is done by a slider knob on top of the camera, with the closest focus at 1 meter. On the bottom of the ring that has the "wings" on it is a hole that the "cane" or strut fits into to keep the camera upright, with either the lens out or retracted. Using the "cane" is excellent for timed exposures, connecting a cable release to take a timed exposure. There is a cable release socket on both cameras incorporated into the shutter.

To load the film, you slide the knurled knob on the top of the camera in the direction of the arrow to open the back to load and unload the film. Once you open the back, you take the empty spool and put it on the left end, which has the winding knob, then put the fresh roll of film into the film chamber, pull the leader to the empty spool, put the leader into the slot on the reel and turn the winding knob until you see "start" on the film's paper backing. At this point, close the back of the camera and wind until you see the number 1 in the lower of the two windows. Now that you're ready to take your first photo, lift up the front and rear viewfinders so you can frame the image and take your photo.

 Since the camera has two red windows on the camera's back, the spacing between the top and bottom windows is the same as the negative size. You would take the photo once you wind the film so the number 1 appears on the bottom window. Once the photo is taken, wind until you see the number 1 in the top window, then take the picture. After you take the photo with the number 1 on the top window, roll until you see the number 2 on the bottom window and do this through the number 8.

Here's where I had some issues, and it's something I kept in mind when I was done taking the photos. In my small and simple mind, as I was holding the camera in a vertical position, it was in my mind that the camera would take a vertical photo. Unfortunately, that's not the case. If you're holding the camera in the vertical position, the camera is taking a horizontal image due to the orientation of the frame area in the camera. So, the photos I took that should have been horizontal were taken vertically and vice versa. I felt like an amateur when I finished taking the photos, only to realize I did it wrong.

 The viewfinder is tiny, and since I wear glasses, it's challenging to use. Its size also made it difficult to frame the photo accurately. Toward the end of the roll, I would just point the camera at the subject and "guess" on the framing, which seemed pretty good, with the exception of the vertical/horizontal format mishap.

 Once the photos were taken, I unloaded the film and processed them, and they turned out nicely.

 The serial numbers for my two Kolibri cameras are only 40 pieces off. The more well-used version is S.98995, and the Kolibri with the Compur shutter is S.98955, so they were built relatively close to each other. 

 My initial belief was that the camera with the Telma shutter was an older version. I believed that it was an older model because one camera was more used than the other. Now, I realize that the shutter and lens combination would be for a more or less expensive model that the consumer would purchase. If someone wanted the less expensive Telma shutter with a slower lens or the more expensive faster lens and Compur shutter, that made more sense to me.

My Results:

Here are some of the images taken with my more well-used Kolibri camera. I used it because the other camera didn't have the aperture settings, and I would have had to guess at the aperture. That would have been okay, and I'm a pretty good judge of that, as I could have marked on the camera what I thought the aperture setting should be.

Conclusion:

Except for my confusion about the vertical/horizontal format and the camera orientation, it's a fun camera. It is very well made, the photos are nice and sharp, and the camera fits nicely in my pocket when the lens is retracted and the viewfinder is down. As it is compact and sturdy, I can use it more often.

I look forward to shooting more photos with this in the future, but I must remember that when the camera is vertical, it's taking a horizontal photo.

 Thank you for taking a few minutes from your day to read about this gem of a camera. I hope to see you next week when I review another camera from my collection.

 Until next week, please be safe.

[gearupairsofton]

Exploring the Airsoft G36 Canada: A Comprehensive Overview

The Airsoft G3 stands as a quintessential representation of the fusion between historical military design and contemporary airsoft technology. Originating from the real-world G3 battle rifle, which was developed in the 1950s by the German arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch, the Airsoft G3 encapsulates the essence of its real-world counterpart while adapting features that cater to the airsoft enthusiasts' demands for authenticity, performance, and safety. This discourse delves into the multifaceted characteristics of the Airsoft G36 Canada, highlighting its design and construction, operational efficacy, customization possibilities, realistic appearance, safety features, and the experiential value it offers to participants.

Design and Construction

The Airsoft G3 is distinguished by its robust construction, typically featuring high-quality materials such as metal for the receiver and barrel, and polymer or high-impact plastic for the stock and handguard. This material selection not only replicates the heft and feel of the original firearm but also ensures durability and resilience in the rigorous environments of airsoft skirmishes. Furthermore, the meticulous attention to detail in its design ensures a high degree of fidelity to the original G3, including accurate markings and functional components such as the magazine release and safety selector.

Operational Efficacy

From an operational standpoint, the Airsoft G36 Canadaexcels in providing a compelling shooting experience. It is engineered to accommodate various types of airsoft ammunition, offering versatility in gameplay. The precision and consistency of its firing mechanism, often enabled by adjustable hop-up systems, allow for enhanced accuracy and range. This operational prowess makes the Airsoft G3 a formidable choice for both close-quarters combat and long-range engagements in airsoft simulations.

Customization Possibilities

One of the most appealing aspects of the Airsoft G3 is its adaptability to customization. Enthusiasts can modify their weapon with a plethora of aftermarket accessories, including optical sights, tactical flashlights, and laser aiming modules. Additionally, internal upgrades such as enhanced gearboxes, high-performance barrels, and upgraded springs can significantly improve the firepower, rate of fire, and overall performance, allowing for a highly personalized airsoft experience.

Realistic Appearance

The aesthetic and physical authenticity of the Airsoft G3 is unmatched. Its design meticulously mirrors the original G3 rifle, offering enthusiasts a tangible connection to the historical and technical legacy of the firearm. This realism is not only crucial for collectors and reenactors but also enhances the immersive experience of airsoft gameplay, bridging the gap between simulation and reality.

Safety Features

Safety is paramount in the design of the Airsoft G3. It incorporates features such as the orange tip on the barrel, as mandated by law in many countries, to distinguish it from real firearms. Moreover, the power output is regulated to ensure that it is within safe limits for recreational use, minimizing the risk of injury. The inclusion of safety mechanisms, such as trigger locks and magazine disconnects, further underscores the commitment to user safety.

Experiential Value

Engaging with the Airsoft G3 transcends mere participation in airsoft sports; it is an immersion into a rich historical narrative and a testament to technological advancement. The rifle offers a unique platform for understanding the intricacies of firearm operation and tactics within a safe and controlled environment, fostering a community of enthusiasts who share a passion for military history and tactical sports.

Conclusion

The Airsoft G3 epitomizes the harmonious balance between historical reverence and modern airsoft innovation. Its robust design, operational efficiency, customizable features, and realistic appearance, coupled with an unwavering commitment to safety, render it an exemplary model within the airsoft community. As participants engage with the Airsoft G36 Canada, they are not merely partaking in a recreational activity but are also contributing to the preservation and appreciation of a significant piece of military heritage. The Airsoft G3, therefore, stands not only as a tool for sport but as a bridge to history, technology, and community.

[paxtonequipsin]

Presenting the Versatile Batis Lens Kit: A Photographic Marvel

In the realm of photography, the tools a photographer chooses can make all the difference between a mediocre shot and a masterpiece. Among the myriad of options available, the Batis Lens Kit stands out as a beacon of excellence, offering photographers a versatile and reliable set of lenses to unleash their creativity. Crafted by the renowned German optical manufacturer Zeiss, the Camera Lens Rental near Me embodies a perfect blend of cutting-edge technology, superior optics, and ergonomic design, making it a favorite among professionals and enthusiasts alike.

At the heart of the Batis Lens Kit lies a commitment to delivering uncompromising image quality. Each lens in the kit boasts Zeiss's renowned T* anti-reflective coating, which minimizes flare and ghosting while enhancing contrast and clarity. This ensures that photographers can capture images with stunning sharpness and rich, true-to-life colors even in challenging lighting conditions.

Autofocus system

One of the standout features of the Lens Rental near Me is its autofocus system, which employs a linear motor for swift and silent focusing. Whether shooting fast-moving subjects or capturing delicate details, photographers can rely on the Batis lenses to deliver precise and responsive autofocus performance, ensuring that they never miss a crucial moment.

Exceptional build quality

Another feather in the cap of the Batis Lens Kit is its exceptional build quality. Constructed from high-quality materials such as metal alloys and premium-grade glass elements, these lenses are built to withstand the rigors of professional use while maintaining their optical integrity. Furthermore, the lenses are weather-sealed, providing added protection against dust and moisture, allowing photographers to shoot with confidence in any environment.

Comprises a range of focal lengths

The Batis Lens Kit comprises a range of focal lengths to cater to diverse photographic needs. From the wide-angle perspective offered by the Batis 18mm f/2.8 to the versatile zoom range of the Batis 85mm f/1.8, each lens in the kit offers a unique perspective, allowing photographers to unleash their creativity and capture stunning images across a variety of genres, from landscapes and portraits to street photography and beyond.

Feature Integrated OLED displays

In addition to their exceptional optical performance, the Batis lenses also feature integrated OLED displays, providing photographers with real-time information such as focus distance and depth of field. This innovative feature allows photographers to make quick and informed adjustments without taking their eyes off the subject, enhancing their efficiency and workflow.

To sum up

The Batis Lens Kit represents the pinnacle of optical excellence, combining superior image quality, advanced autofocus capabilities, and rugged build quality in a sleek and ergonomic package. Whether you're a seasoned professional or an aspiring enthusiast, investing in the Batis Lens Kit is a decision that is sure to raise your photography to new heights. With its unrivaled performance and versatility, the Batis Lens Kit is not just a tool but a true photographic marvel that empowers photographers to unlock their creativity and capture the world in all its beauty. You can also find this camera for rent.

[swissforextrading]

Small version of a CERN detector could deliver more precise radiotherapy of head tumours

Small version of a CERN detector could deliver more precise radiotherapy of head tumours Mária Martišíková (left), the project leader from Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and DKFZ researcher Laurent Kelleter. (Image: Heidelberg University Hospital / H.Schroeder). Particle detectors like the ones used by physicists at CERN can have wide applications beyond fundamental research. Scientists from the German National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), the German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and the Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center (HIT) at Heidelberg University Hospital are now testing a new imaging device supplied by the Czech company ADVACAM on its first patients. The device, which includes a small Timepix3 pixel detector developed at CERN, allows head and neck tumours to be closely monitored during ion radiotherapy, making them easier to target and thus helping limit the treatment’s side effects. "One of the most advanced methods for treating head and neck tumours involves irradiation with ion beams. This has one unique feature: it can be precisely tailored to the depth inside the human head where the particles should have the maximal effect”, explains Mária Martišíková, the head of the DKFZ team. Yet like other types of irradiation, ion radiation also has a drawback. The particle beams affect not only the tumour but also part of the healthy tissue around it. This is particularly challenging in the brain, where damage to the optic nerve or a patient’s memory are possible. Ideally, the irradiated area around the tumour should be as small as possible, and the dose to the tumour should be as high as possible. However, current technology does not allow for sufficiently precise targeting of the ions. To complicate matters further, the situation inside a patient's head can change during therapy. The x-ray computed tomography (CT) scan image taken before treatment is essentially used as a "map" to target the tumour with ion beams. But during therapy, the situation inside the skull may evolve. Until now, physicians lacked a reliable tool to alert them in case of a change in the brain. The new ADVACAM device could help solve these issues, by improving the navigation of the ion beams inside the head by tracking the secondary particles that are created when ions pass through it. "Our cameras can register every charged particle of secondary radiation emitted from the patient's body. It's like watching balls scattered by a billiard shot. If the balls bounce as expected according to the CT image, we can be sure we are targeting correctly. Otherwise, it's clear that the 'map' no longer applies. Then it is necessary to replan the treatment," describes Lukáš Marek from ADVACAM. "We hope the new device will show us how often and where the tumour changes occur. It will allow us to reduce the overall irradiated volume of tissue, saving healthy tissue and reducing the side effects of radiotherapy. We will also be able to apply higher doses of radiation to the tumour" adds Martišíková. The treatment can benefit enormously from the additional information obtained from the camera. In the first phase, data could lead to an interruption and replanning of the irradiation series when necessary. The ultimate goal is a system that can correct the path of the ion beam in real-time. The Timepix3 chip developed at CERN is used in the new ADVACAM imaging device. (Image: CERN) This device exemplifies successful knowledge transfer, showcasing how technology initially developed for detectors used in fundamental physics research can be applied in healthcare. “When we started developing pixel detectors for the LHC we had one target in mind – to detect and image each particle interaction and thereby help physicists to unravel the secrets of Nature at high energies. The Timepix detectors were developed by the multidisciplinary… https://home.cern/news/news/knowledge-sharing/small-version-cern-detector-could-deliver-more-precise-radiotherapy (Source of the original content)

[ukcameraclub1]

Leica Q3: Redefining Excellence in Photography

The Leica Q3  emerges as the latest marvel from the renowned German camera manufacturer, Leica Camera AG. As the third iteration of the Q series, this compact full-frame camera pushes the boundaries of excellence in photography, offering a harmonious blend of cutting-edge technology and iconic design.

At the heart of the Leica Q3 is its exceptional imaging capabilities. Equipped with a high-resolution full-frame sensor and a powerful Leica Summilux 28mm f/1.7 ASPH lens, the camera delivers breathtakingly sharp and detailed images. The lens, renowned for its optical brilliance, ensures optimal performance in various lighting conditions, capturing moments with unparalleled clarity and precision.

One standout feature of the Leica Q3 is its advanced autofocus system. Leveraging state-of-the-art technology, the camera achieves lightning-fast focus, making it an ideal companion for capturing fleeting moments or dynamic subjects. The Q3's autofocus capabilities enhance the overall user experience, ensuring that photographers can trust their equipment to keep pace with their creative vision.

In terms of design, the Olympus Cameras UK stays true to the brand's legacy of elegance. The camera features a robust, yet sleek, aluminum and magnesium alloy body that exudes durability and sophistication. The minimalist design elements, coupled with intuitive controls, provide an ergonomic and user-friendly experience for both seasoned photographers and enthusiasts alike.

Noteworthy is the Q3's integrated electronic viewfinder, offering a crisp and immersive viewing experience. This feature contributes to precise composition and framing, empowering photographers to capture their subjects with precision and creativity.

Connectivity is another key aspect of the Leica Q3's appeal. With built-in Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, sharing and transferring images becomes seamless, enhancing the overall workflow and adaptability of the camera in the digital age.

In conclusion, the Leica Q3 stands as a testament to Leica's commitment to photographic excellence. Merging state-of-the-art technology with timeless design, this compact full-frame camera redefines what is possible in the world of photography, providing an unparalleled tool for those who demand the best in both form and function.

[hritika1]

The CR39 Eyeglasses Market Future Forecasts for Clear Vision

The CR39 Eyeglasses Market stands as a testament to the evolution of eyewear technology, offering consumers not only visual clarity but also a lightweight and durable solution. CR39, a type of optical polymer, has become synonymous with high-quality lenses, shaping the landscape of the eyeglasses industry. In this exploration, we delve into the key dimensions of the CR39 Eyeglasses Market, including its size, industry dynamics, future forecasts, market share, revenue landscape, growth factors, major players, and insights from market reports.

CR39 Eyeglasses Industry Dynamics

The CR39 Eyeglasses Industry operates within a dynamic framework influenced by factors such as fashion trends, technological advancements in lens manufacturing, and shifting consumer preferences. Industry players continually adapt to these dynamics, introducing new designs and lens features to cater to a diverse market.

Market Share and Competitive Landscape

Market share within the CR39 Eyeglasses sector is distributed among various brands, each contributing to the market’s competitiveness. Prominent players include:

1. Essilor International: A global leader in eyewear solutions, Essilor offers CR39 lenses known for their optical clarity and precision.

2. HOYA Corporation: HOYA is recognized for its innovative lens technologies, and its CR39 eyeglasses cater to diverse visual needs.

3. ZEISS Group: ZEISS is synonymous with optical excellence, and its CR39 lenses are crafted to provide optimal vision correction.

4. Rodenstock GmbH: Rodenstock is a key player in the eyewear industry, offering CR39 eyeglasses that blend German engineering with aesthetic appeal.

5. Tokai Optical Co., Ltd.: Tokai is known for its commitment to lens quality, and its CR39 eyeglasses are designed for optimal visual comfort.

CR39 Eyeglasses Market Size

The CR39 Eyeglasses Market boasts a substantial size, reflecting the global demand for eyewear solutions that balance functionality, aesthetics, and affordability. As consumers increasingly seek eyeglasses that offer optical precision without compromising on comfort, CR39 lenses have emerged as a popular choice.

CR39 Eyeglasses Future Forecasts

Future forecasts for the CR39 Eyeglasses Market are optimistic, with a projected growth trajectory. As advancements in lens technology continue to enhance optical performance and comfort, CR39 eyeglasses are expected to maintain and expand their market presence.

CR39 Eyeglasses Market Growth Factors

The CR39 Eyeglasses Market is expected to grow annually by 4.04% (CAGR 2024–2028) with several key factors:

1. Optical Clarity: CR39 lenses are celebrated for their optical clarity, providing wearers with sharp and distortion-free vision, contributing to the market’s growth.

2. Lightweight Design: The lightweight nature of CR39 lenses enhances the overall comfort of eyeglasses, making them a preferred choice for daily wear.

3. Affordability: CR39 eyeglasses offer a cost-effective solution without compromising on optical quality, appealing to a wide range of consumers.

4. Fashion and Style Trends: Eyewear trends that prioritize both functionality and style contribute to the popularity of CR39 eyeglasses, driving market growth.

CR39 Eyeglasses Market Revenue

As of the latest data, revenue in the Eyewear market amounts to US$148.60bn in 2024. The CR39 Eyeglasses Market commands a significant share of the global eyewear industry’s revenue. The market’s economic impact is underscored by the demand for eyeglasses that offer a balance between optical performance and cost-effectiveness.

CR39 Eyeglasses Market Reports

Market reports play a pivotal role in providing insights into the CR39 Eyeglasses Market. These reports offer analyses of market trends, consumer behaviors, competitive landscapes, and emerging opportunities. Businesses, eyewear retailers, and investors rely on these reports to make informed decisions, understand industry dynamics, and anticipate future trends.

Conclusion: A Clear Future for CR39 Eyeglasses

The CR39 Eyeglasses Market represents a convergence of technology and design, offering consumers a clear and comfortable vision solution. As major players continue to innovate and enhance CR39 lens technologies, the market is poised for sustained growth. Whether for daily wear, fashion statements, or specific visual needs, CR39 eyeglasses continue to carve a niche in the eyewear industry. The journey into the future of the CR39 Eyeglasses Market promises not only improved vision but also a seamless blend of functionality and style. So, step forward with clarity, embrace the comfort of CR39 eyeglasses, and see a future where clear vision meets enduring elegance.