#Fireworshiper

[cemeteryhound]

Ah yes

Igor's enemies...

[mandarinovzmei2]

Hi Bubble fandom!

My name is Lizard, I love Bubble comics, especially "Major Igor Grom" (the third line after "Major Grom" and "Igor Grom") and "Demonslayer".

I love all the characters in MIG, but ESPECIALLY I love my favorite characters - Azazel from Demonslayer and Albert Novak from Gromverse.

I also have a special love for Adam Novak (Fireworshiper) from Gromverse and his wife.

Usually, I make edits, write texts, theories, headcanons, AUs and logical analyses of what is happening in comics now, and also actively make content on my OTPs. All my works, my thoughts and content can be seen in my Telegram-channel: https://t.me/LizardfromVchnl

Or in my Twitter @mandarinovzmei2 and TikTok @zmeydraik

I will be very happy to find an audience and friends who love the same comics as I do and would like to see and discuss content on these comics!

[zaccosnacco]

Guys please pleassssse give me Holyfire/Fireworship ideas cause I’m out of them an I need a reason to draw my favorite cult leader and arsonist

Bonus sketches I did in government

[lifeofresulullah]

The Life of The Prophet Muhammad(pbuh): The Conquest of Makkah and Afterwards

The King of Bahrayn Becomes a Muslim

(8 th year of the Migration, the end of the month of Dhulqada)

The Prophet sent Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi to Mundhir b. Sawa, the king of Bahrayn.  Abu Hurayra also went to Bahrayn with Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi.

Bahrayn is the name given to the countries on the coast of India, Basra and Umman. The people of Bahrayn consisted of fireworshippers, Jews and Christians.  

Ala’ b. Hadrami went to Mundhir b. Sawa and gave him the letter of the Prophet. The following was written in the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

Peace be upon those who follow guidance!

I invite you to Islam! Be a Muslim so that you will attain salvation. God will let you be the king of your land.

Know it very well that my religion will rule and go as far as camels and horses can go.”

After a short conversation with Ala’ b. Hadrami, Mundhir b. Sawa became a Muslim together with Sibuht, the religious leader of the fireworshippers.[3] Thus, Mundhir had the belief that would bring him the sultanate of the hereafter along with the sultanate in the world.  

Many people became Muslims together with the king and the religious leader.

Mundhir, the king, sent a letter to the Prophet. After stating that he became a Muslim and that he approved the prophethood of the Messenger of God, he asked how he should treat the fireworshippers and Jews in his country.    

The Messenger of God replied the letter of Mundhir as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

From Muhammad, Messenger of God to Mundhir bin Sawa.

Peace be on you!

I praise God, who has no associates, for giving you the bounty of guidance.

I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.

I received your letter, had it read and listened to what you wrote.

I remind you to act in accordance with the orders and prohibitions of God. A person who advises others definitely advises himself, too; and he will gain rewards.

A person who follows my messengers and acts in accordance with their orders, in fact, is regarded to have obeyed me.

My messengers have highly praised your behavior and told me good things about you. I accept your intercession and recommendation regarding your people. Give the new Muslims full chance to practice their religion. Pardon the previous offences of the offenders; do not hold them responsible for what they did in the past.

Know it very well that as long as you do good things, you shall continue in your present office; you will be our deputy there.

As for the people who want to go on in their Jewish or fireworshipping faith, they have to pay you jizyah.

Peace and mercy of God be upon you!”

We should state that the Prophet sent several letters to Mundhir b. Sawa on different dates and that Mundhir answered them.

Ala’ b. Had­rami stayed there as the Messenger of God had ordered him and continued to collect tithe from Muslims and jizyah from non-Muslims.

During the 8th year of the Migration, many delegates from the tribes around came to Madinah and expressed that they became Muslims in the presence of the Messenger of God.

[donnabarr]

“My Friend is alive again!” Kiki is a Zoroastrian?” #fireworship (at Clallam Bay, Washington) https://www.instagram.com/p/CMXZj3ehy7o/?igshid=qz30k0cv204x

[dead-moroz-presents]

Fire Galaxy

https://www.redbubble.com/shop/ap/64538358

[basicsofislam]

PROPHET MUHAMMAD (PBUH)’s BIOGRAPHY : The King of Bahrayn Becomes a Muslim

(8th year of the Migration, the end of the month of Dhulqada)

The Prophet sent Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi to Mundhir b. Sawa, the king of Bahrayn.  Abu Hurayra also went to Bahrayn with Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi.[ Ibn Hisham, Sirah, Vol. 4, p. 254; Ibn Sa’d, Tabaqat, Vol. 1, p. 263. ]

Bahrayn is the name given to the countries on the coast of India, Basra and Umman. The people of Bahrayn consisted of fireworshippers, Jews and Christians.  

Ala’ b. Hadrami went to Mundhir b. Sawa and gave him the letter of the Prophet. The following was written in the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

Peace be upon those who follow guidance!

I invite you to Islam! Be a Muslim so that you will attain salvation. God will let you be the king of your land.

Know it very well that my religion will rule and go as far as camels and horses can go.”[ Prof. Dr. M. Hamidullah, İslam Peygamberi, Vol. 1, p. 272. ]

After a short conversation with Ala’ b. Hadrami, Mundhir b. Sawa became a Muslim together with Sibuht, the religious leader of the fireworshippers.[ Suhayli, Rawdu’l-Unf, Vol. 7, p. 520; Halabi, Insanu’l-Uyun, Vol. 3, p. 301. ] Thus, Mundhir had the belief that would bring him the sultanate of the hereafter along with the sultanate in the world.  

Many people became Muslims together with the king and the religious leader.

Mundhir, the king, sent a letter to the Prophet. After stating that he became a Muslim and that he approved the prophethood of the Messenger of God, he asked how he should treat the fireworshippers and Jews in his country.    

The Messenger of God replied the letter of Mundhir as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

From Muhammad, Messenger of God to Mundhir bin Sawa.

Peace be on you!

I praise God, who has no associates, for giving you the bounty of guidance.

I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.

I received your letter, had it read and listened to what you wrote.

I remind you to act in accordance with the orders and prohibitions of God. A person who advises others definitely advises himself, too; and he will gain rewards.

A person who follows my messengers and acts in accordance with their orders, in fact, is regarded to have obeyed me.

My messengers have highly praised your behavior and told me good things about you. I accept your intercession and recommendation regarding your people. Give the new Muslims full chance to practice their religion. Pardon the previous offences of the offenders; do not hold them responsible for what they did in the past.

Know it very well that as long as you do good things, you shall continue in your present office; you will be our deputy there.

As for the people who want to go on in their Jewish or fireworshipping faith, they have to pay you jizyah.

Peace and mercy of God be upon you!”[ Ibn Qayyim, Zadu’l-Maad, Vol. 3, p. 73; Qastalani, Mawahibu’l-Ladunniya, Vol. 1, p. 294; Halabi, ibid, Vol. 2, p. 267-300; Tabari, Tarikh, Vol. 3, p. 102. ]

We should state that the Prophet sent several letters to Mundhir b. Sawa on different dates and that Mundhir answered them.[ see Ibn Sa’d, ibid, Vol. 1, p. 263-276; Tabari, ibid, Vol. 3, p. 102-103; Ibn Hajar, al-Isaba, Vol. 3, p. 460. ]

Ala’ b. Had­rami stayed there as the Messenger of God had ordered him and continued to collect tithe from Muslims and jizyah from non-Muslims.

During the 8th year of the Migration, many delegates from the tribes around came to Madinah and expressed that they became Muslims in the presence of the Messenger of God.[ see Ibn Sa’d, ibid, Vol. 1, p.298, 325-327; Ibn Qayyim, ibid, Vol. 3, p. 60; Ibn Hajar, ibid, Vol. 3, p. 423. ]

[shriram-yoga-society]

#deepyagya #fireworship #newbeginnings #newbatch #yogaclass # (at Shriram Yoga Society) https://www.instagram.com/p/Btlfi0BleMW/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=svnjj58o7l9i

[yonatanpandukristanto]

Doa Malam, Jumat 12 April 2019 @ GPdI Anugerah Bekasi... Meski dimulai larut malam dan berakhir tengah malam, tidak menyurutkan kerinduan anak-anakMu untuk datang bersekutu, menyembah, memuji dan berdoa pada-Mu, Yesus Tuhan kami. Puji Nama Tuhan 35 orang hadir pada malam hari ini. Haleluya...!! Maju terus pekerjaan Tuhan.... Doa Malam ini dipimpin oleh Ibu Gembala kami, @triniwuwungan dan Doa Berkat oleh Bpk Gembala kami, @jemmynainggolan #doamalam #doa #doasyafaat #gpdi #gpdibekasi #gpdianugerah #gpdianugerahbekasi #gpdijemaatanugerah #gpdijemaatanugerahbekasi #gereja #pantekosta #gerejapantekostadiindonesia #worshipnight #pray #kristen #christian #ypk #pelayananpemudapantekosta #pelpap #firegenre #firegeneration #fireworship #youthanugerah #youthministry (di GPdI Anugerah Bekasi) https://www.instagram.com/p/BwKlRfunF18/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=454f9das7g5f

[where-orthodoxy-is-found]

The History and Importance of the Armenian Alphabet

In the year 387 A.D., Armenia was divided by two rival nations. Persia had control of Eastern Armenia and ruled through the Arshagooni Dynasty, with Persian authorities doing their utmost to enforce upon the Armenian people the Mazteism (fireworship) religion. In addition, Syrian bishops were encouraged by the Persians to infiltrate and control the Armenian Church. This was done in order to weaken the Armenian ApostolicChurch. As a result, these Syrian bishops rose to high rank in our early church and conducted the Armenian schools and church services in the Syrian language which our people did not understand.

On the other hand, Western Armenia was under the dominion of the Byzantine nation. Greek bishops forced the Greek language upon the churches and schools and their intention was to take over the leadership of the Armenian Church. Thus, in both parts of divided Armenia the same danger existed. Because of the use of foreign clergy and languages (Greek and Syrian), the Armenian Christian and national creativity was suppressed and remained impotent.

It is said that "necessity is the mother of all inventions." Mesrob was the name of one who lived in the above mentioned period. In his heart he felt the need of the nation. By trusting and believing the Lord through the power of the Holy Spirit, Mesrob accomplished a unique task. Through his efforts the people of Armenia became, in a sense, a free people, a civilized people living in the center of the civilized world. He added something beautiful to Armenian culture and bestowed upon us unlimited treasure–spiritual, cultural, national and humanitarian–in every area of human values and Christianity.

Born in the village of Hatsegats (in 353 A.D.) in the Armenian Province of Taron, Mesrob was the son of a man called Vartan. His early education was taken from the famous clergyman Nersess the Great, and later he furthered his higher education in the Greek schools. Because of his brilliant education and most interesting personality, he was selected as the royal secretary of the Armenian king. Many honors were bestowed upon him for his great service.

While in this pleasant and most promising position, Mesrob, through his personal study of the Bible, heard God's call in his heart. He accepted the call and obeyed it all the way. To the great surprise of his acquaintances he resigned from his royal position and took the humble rank of a monk. After gathering a few disciples around him he began to preach the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the cities and villages of our beloved motherland, Armenia.

He preached in the streets with a Bible in his hand which was written in Syriac or Greek from which he verbally translated the Word of God. It was in this apostolic evangelizing mission that Mesrob saw the greatest need of our nation. This great need was for the Armenian version of the Holy Bible, the highway of salvation. Through it, all the spiritual and national needs of the Armenians would be met. Without the Armenian alphabet, there was no way to have the Armenian Bible. Mesrob was convinced that spiritual darkness of the Armenian Soul would be purged through the living Word of God. He used to repeat so often the Apostle's words (Romans 9:2,3), "That I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart. For I could wish that I myself were accursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brethren, my kinsmen by race."

Through his own experiences Mesrob found out that without the study of the Holy Bible, our people would never completely separate from the pagan customs and beliefs which they had renounced one hundred years before. At that time Christianity was officially the national religion and two hundred years before that historic date, Thaddeus, Bartholomew, Princess Santoukht, and many others had suffered martyrdom for their faith.

Mesrob did not give up because of raging problems. He tried to use alphabet letters borrowed from a Syrian bishop named Daniel, but those letters were insufficient to form all the syllables of the Armenian language. More investigations were made by Mesrob and his scholarly assistants in order to find a suitable alphabet. They studied and researched at famous learning centers of the world, but to no avail. Mesrob was wholly dependant on God and did not lose hope. In a vision, God gave him the Armenian alphabet. With the help of a Hellenic Scribe named Ropanos, he designed all the newly found letters. Once the alphabet was established, the very first thing Mesrob did was to translate the Holy Bible. The unfathomable joy which he felt was also shared by the whole nation. By God's providence, the Armenian Church was enjoying the leadership of Catholicos Sahag, another well learned and graceful servant of God. With the help of the faithful Armenian king Vromshabouh's financial help, Catholicos Sahag and Mesrob,along with other scholars undertook the translation of the Bible from the original languages. What resulted was a translation so beautiful and accurate that non-Armenian scholars called it "The Queen of all translations." The translation of the Bible ushered into Armenia . . . The Armenian Golden Age of Literature.

So beloved was the Word by the translators and our people, they named the Bible "Asdvadzashounch" which means the "Breath of God." For them the Bible was alive and full of the power of God. Once Armenians began to learn God's Word in their own language, the birth of the most graceful and civilized sons and daughters in our nation's history took place. Vartan the Brave and many others willingly died for this gift.

taken from "CONCERNING THE BREATH OF GOD"

by: Rev. Fr. Krikor Hairabedian

[lifeofresulullah]

The Life of The Prophet Muhammad(pbuh): The Conquest of Makkah and Afterwards

The King of Bahrayn Becomes a Muslim

(8th year of the Migration, the end of the month of Dhulqada)

The Prophet sent Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi to Mundhir b. Sawa, the king of Bahrayn.  Abu Hurayra also went to Bahrayn with Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi.

Bahrayn is the name given to the countries on the coast of India, Basra and Umman. The people of Bahrayn consisted of fireworshippers, Jews and Christians.  

Ala’ b. Hadrami went to Mundhir b. Sawa and gave him the letter of the Prophet. The following was written in the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

Peace be upon those who follow guidance!

I invite you to Islam! Be a Muslim so that you will attain salvation. God will let you be the king of your land.

Know it very well that my religion will rule and go as far as camels and horses can go.”

After a short conversation with Ala’ b. Hadrami, Mundhir b. Sawa became a Muslim together with Sibuht, the religious leader of the fireworshippers. Thus, Mundhir had the belief that would bring him the sultanate of the hereafter along with the sultanate in the world.  

Many people became Muslims together with the king and the religious leader.

Mundhir, the king, sent a letter to the Prophet. After stating that he became a Muslim and that he approved the prophethood of the Messenger of God, he asked how he should treat the fireworshippers and Jews in his country.    

The Messenger of God replied the letter of Mundhir as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

From Muhammad, Messenger of God to Mundhir bin Sawa.

Peace be on you!

I praise God, who has no associates, for giving you the bounty of guidance.

I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.

I received your letter, had it read and listened to what you wrote.

I remind you to act in accordance with the orders and prohibitions of God. A person who advises others definitely advises himself, too; and he will gain rewards.

A person who follows my messengers and acts in accordance with their orders, in fact, is regarded to have obeyed me.

My messengers have highly praised your behavior and told me good things about you. I accept your intercession and recommendation regarding your people. Give the new Muslims full chance to practice their religion. Pardon the previous offences of the offenders; do not hold them responsible for what they did in the past.

Know it very well that as long as you do good things, you shall continue in your present office; you will be our deputy there.

As for the people who want to go on in their Jewish or fireworshipping faith, they have to pay you jizyah.

Peace and mercy of God be upon you!”

We should state that the Prophet sent several letters to Mundhir b. Sawa on different dates and that Mundhir answered them.

Ala’ b. Had­rami stayed there as the Messenger of God had ordered him and continued to collect tithe from Muslims and jizyah from non-Muslims.

During the 8th year of the Migration, many delegates from the tribes around came to Madinah and expressed that they became Muslims in the presence of the Messenger of God.

[lifeofresulullah]

The Life of The Prophet Muhammad(pbuh): The Conquest of Makkah and Afterwards

The King of Bahrayn Becomes a Muslim

(8th year of the Migration, the end of the month of Dhulqada)

The Prophet sent Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi to Mundhir b. Sawa, the king of Bahrayn.  Abu Hurayra also went to Bahrayn with Ala’ b. Had­ra­mi.

Bahrayn is the name given to the countries on the coast of India, Basra and Umman. The people of Bahrayn consisted of fireworshippers, Jews and Christians.  

Ala’ b. Hadrami went to Mundhir b. Sawa and gave him the letter of the Prophet. The following was written in the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

Peace be upon those who follow guidance!

I invite you to Islam! Be a Muslim so that you will attain salvation. God will let you be the king of your land.

Know it very well that my religion will rule and go as far as camels and horses can go.”

After a short conversation with Ala’ b. Hadrami, Mundhir b. Sawa became a Muslim together with Sibuht, the religious leader of the fireworshippers. Thus, Mundhir had the belief that would bring him the sultanate of the hereafter along with the sultanate in the world.  

Many people became Muslims together with the king and the religious leader.

Mundhir, the king, sent a letter to the Prophet. After stating that he became a Muslim and that he approved the prophethood of the Messenger of God, he asked how he should treat the fireworshippers and Jews in his country.    

The Messenger of God replied the letter of Mundhir as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

From Muhammad, Messenger of God to Mundhir bin Sawa.

Peace be on you!

I praise God, who has no associates, for giving you the bounty of guidance.

I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger.

I received your letter, had it read and listened to what you wrote.

I remind you to act in accordance with the orders and prohibitions of God. A person who advises others definitely advises himself, too; and he will gain rewards.

A person who follows my messengers and acts in accordance with their orders, in fact, is regarded to have obeyed me.

My messengers have highly praised your behavior and told me good things about you. I accept your intercession and recommendation regarding your people. Give the new Muslims full chance to practice their religion. Pardon the previous offences of the offenders; do not hold them responsible for what they did in the past.

Know it very well that as long as you do good things, you shall continue in your present office; you will be our deputy there.

As for the people who want to go on in their Jewish or fireworshipping faith, they have to pay you jizyah.

Peace and mercy of God be upon you!”

We should state that the Prophet sent several letters to Mundhir b. Sawa on different dates and that Mundhir answered them.

Ala’ b. Had­rami stayed there as the Messenger of God had ordered him and continued to collect tithe from Muslims and jizyah from non-Muslims.

During the 8th year of the Migration, many delegates from the tribes around came to Madinah and expressed that they became Muslims in the presence of the Messenger of God.

[lifeofresulullah]

The Life of The Prophet Muhammad(pbuh): The Treaty of Hudaybiyah and Calling the Great States of the World to Islam

Chosroes is Invited to Islam

(7th Year of the Migration, the month of Muharram /AD 628)

The Messenger of God, who decided to invite the kings to Islam, sent Abdullah b. Huzafa, one of the Companions, to Parwiz b. Hurmuz, the Chosroes of Persia as an envoy.

Abdullah b. Hu­zafa, who arrived in Iran and was accepted into the palace, gave the letter of invitation to Islam to the Chosroes Parwiz in person. The Chosroes made his scribe read the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!”

This addressing infuriated the Chosroes. He did not allow the rest of the letter to be read; without learning the content of the letter, he said, “Look! My slave dares to write a letter to me!” and tore the holy letter of the Messenger of God to pieces arrogantly. Then, he said to Abdullah b. Hu­za­fa, the envoy of the Prophet, “The land and the sovereignty belong to me! I have no worry or fear whatsoever about being defeated or encountering someone who wants to share them. The Pharaoh ruled the Sons of Israel. You are not stronger than them. What can prevent me from ruling you? I am stronger than the Pharaoh!’ Then, he ordered his men to dismiss Abdullah.

Abdullah b. Huzafa Returns to Madinah

Hz. Abdullah b. Huzafe fulfilled his duty by giving the letter of the invitation of the Prophet to the Chosroes. Therefore, when he was sent out of the palace he set off for Madinah.

Meanwhile, the fury of the Chosroes probably soothed a bit and he ordered his men to find and fetch Abdullah. However, he had already left.

When Abdullah arrived in Madinah, he went to the presence of the Messenger of God. He told the Prophet what had happened. The Messenger of God damned the Chosroes by saying, “O Lord! Tear his sovereignty to pieces just as he tore my letter to pieces.”

Due to this damning, Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes Parwiz, stabbed his father with a dagger. Later, Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqqas destroyed his sovereignty in Iran. The Sasanid rule had no strength.

The Letter Sent by the Prophet

The content of the letter of invitation to Islam by the Messenger of God sent to Parwiz, the Khosroes of Persia was as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!

“Peace be upon those who follow the right path, who believe in God and His Prophet, who witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger!

I invite you to the religion of God because I was sent as a prophet   ‘to give admonition to any (who are) alive, and that the charge may be proved against those who reject (Truth)’ (Yasin, 70).

“Be a Muslim so that you will be saved. If you reject my invitation, may you be responsible for the sins of your fireworshipping nation!”

The Order that the Chosroes Gives to the Governor of Yemen

The fury of the Chosroes did not soothe when he tore the holy letter of the Prophet. He sent this message to Bazan, the governor of Yemen: “I hear that a person in the Quraysh claims to be a prophet. Send two of your strong men so that they will tie him and bring him to me.”

Bazan fulfilled this order at once. He sent two of his men to the Prophet; he also gave them a letter telling the Prophet to go and surrender to the Chosroes.

Those two men called Babawayh and Hurra Husra came to Madinah and went to the presence of the Messenger of God. Babawayh said to the Prophet, “The Chosroes wrote a letter to Bazan, the governor, and ordered him to send two men to take you to the Chosroes. Bazan sent me to you. If you come with me, Bazan, the governor of Yemen, will write a letter in favor of you and make him forgive you; if you refuse to come with me, the Chosroes will eliminate you and your nation and destroy your country.” Then, Babawayh gave the letter of Bazan to the Prophet.

After the Messenger of God listened to what Babawayh said and learnt the content of the letter, he smiled; then, he invited them to Islam.

The envoys were shivering in the presence of the Prophet due to his spiritual grandeur but they tried to speak bravely so as to hide their fear.

The Prophet said, “I will tell you what I will do tomorrow.” Then, he sent them.

The next day, the Messenger of God gave them the following news, which he received through revelation:

“God inflicted Sirawayh, the son of the Chosroes, upon him; Shirawayh killed him in such and such a month, such and such a night and such and such an hour.”

The envoys were surprised by that news.

The Prophet also said to them, “Say to Bazan that my religion and sovereignty will reach the places where the land and sovereignty of the Chosroes reach. Tell him that if he becomes a Muslim, I will give the places that he rules now to him and I will make him the king of the nation that consists of Abnas (Persians that settled in the south of Arabia).”

Thereupon, Bazan’s men returned to Yemen; they told him what had happened.

Bazan, the governor said, “By God, they are not words of king; I think this person is a prophet as he says.” Then, he asked his men, “How did you find him?”

They said, “We have never seen a king more majestic than , more fearless than him; he walked around without any guards. He walked among people modestly; he was on foot not riding.”

Bazan found it appropriate to wait for a while. He said, “Let us wait for the outcome of the words he uttered about the Chosroes. If it turns out to be true, he is really a prophet sent by God to people; if it does not turn out to be, we will do whatever is necessary.”

After a while, Bazan received the following letter from Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes:

“I killed the Chosroes. When you receive this letter, accept the allegiance of the people on behalf of me. As for the person about whom the Chosroes wrote to you, do not do anything about him until you receive my new order about him.”[

They calculated it and found out that Parwiz was killed at exactly the same hour, and on the same night as the Messenger of God had said.

The inner world of Bazan was enlightened by this obvious miracle.  He became a Muslim saying, “Muhammad (pbuh) is definitely a prophet sent by God to people.”

After that, Abans living in Yemen embraced Islam, too.

Later, Bazan informed the Messenger of God that they had become Muslims. Thereupon, the Prophet appointed him as the governor of Sana. He was the first governor that the Prophet appointed and the first Persian governor that became a Muslim.

The Original Letter that the Prophet Sent to the Chosroes

The original letter that the Messenger of God sent to the Chosroes was found when Mr. Henri Pharaon, who had been the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Lebanon, applied to Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid in November 1962 to read a letter. Henri Pharaon’s father had bought that letter for one hundred and fifty gold coins in Damascus at the end of the World War I; he kept it as a secret because he did not know its content or because he did not want it to be revealed.    

According to the description of Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid, this letter was written on parchment. However, in the course of time, its color changed and it was stuck on a piece of green fabric, whose texture was worn out. The case was protected by a glass framework; so the parchment remained stuck to it.

The parchment is old and soft; it is dark brown. Therefore, the margins of the page blackened.

The letter is 28 cm long and 21,5 cm wide.

The letter is thin and long but the top part is wider than the bottom.

There are 15 lines in the letter and their length change between 21,2 cm and 21,5 cm.

Under the lines that had been drawn, there is a trace of a seal which resembles a circle; its diameter is 3 cm.

There are traces of water that had flown from the top to the bottom on the letter. They erased some letters or words in some places and made them vague in some places. The letters of the word (RASUL) in the middle of the seal were all erased except the letter ®.

It is understood that the letter was torn. As a matter of fact, the tear starts from the third horizontal line to the end of that line; then, it goes vertically down to the tenth line; thus, the trace of the tear has a reverse (L) shape.

Then, this tear was sewn by a fine thread made of leather belonging to a later date, which could be discerned on the parchment.

The style of the letters is like the oldest style of the words written on the graphite rock on Mount Sel during the Battle of Khandaq.

[lifeofresulullah]

The Life of The Prophet Muhammad(pbuh): The Treaty of Hudaybiyah and Calling the Great States of the World to Islam

Chosroes is Invited to Islam

(7th Year of the Migration, the month of Muharram /AD 628)

The Messenger of God, who decided to invite the kings to Islam, sent Abdullah b. Huzafa, one of the Companions, to Parwiz b. Hurmuz, the Chosroes of Persia as an envoy.

Abdullah b. Hu­zafa, who arrived in Iran and was accepted into the palace, gave the letter of invitation to Islam to the Chosroes Parwiz in person. The Chosroes made his scribe read the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!”

This addressing infuriated the Chosroes. He did not allow the rest of the letter to be read; without learning the content of the letter, he said, “Look! My slave dares to write a letter to me!” and tore the holy letter of the Messenger of God to pieces arrogantly. Then, he said to Abdullah b. Hu­za­fa, the envoy of the Prophet, “The land and the sovereignty belong to me! I have no worry or fear whatsoever about being defeated or encountering someone who wants to share them. The Pharaoh ruled the Sons of Israel. You are not stronger than them. What can prevent me from ruling you? I am stronger than the Pharaoh!’ Then, he ordered his men to dismiss Abdullah.

Abdullah b. Huzafa Returns to Madinah

Hz. Abdullah b. Huzafe fulfilled his duty by giving the letter of the invitation of the Prophet to the Chosroes. Therefore, when he was sent out of the palace he set off for Madinah.

Meanwhile, the fury of the Chosroes probably soothed a bit and he ordered his men to find and fetch Abdullah. However, he had already left.

When Abdullah arrived in Madinah, he went to the presence of the Messenger of God. He told the Prophet what had happened. The Messenger of God damned the Chosroes by saying, “O Lord! Tear his sovereignty to pieces just as he tore my letter to pieces.”

Due to this damning, Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes Parwiz, stabbed his father with a dagger. Later, Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqqas destroyed his sovereignty in Iran. The Sasanid rule had no strength.

The Letter Sent by the Prophet

The content of the letter of invitation to Islam by the Messenger of God sent to Parwiz, the Khosroes of Persia was as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!

“Peace be upon those who follow the right path, who believe in God and His Prophet, who witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger!

I invite you to the religion of God because I was sent as a prophet   ‘to give admonition to any (who are) alive, and that the charge may be proved against those who reject (Truth)’ (Yasin, 70).

“Be a Muslim so that you will be saved. If you reject my invitation, may you be responsible for the sins of your fireworshipping nation!”

The Order that the Chosroes Gives to the Governor of Yemen

The fury of the Chosroes did not soothe when he tore the holy letter of the Prophet. He sent this message to Bazan, the governor of Yemen: “I hear that a person in the Quraysh claims to be a prophet. Send two of your strong men so that they will tie him and bring him to me.”

Bazan fulfilled this order at once. He sent two of his men to the Prophet; he also gave them a letter telling the Prophet to go and surrender to the Chosroes.

Those two men called Babawayh and Hurra Husra came to Madinah and went to the presence of the Messenger of God. Babawayh said to the Prophet, “The Chosroes wrote a letter to Bazan, the governor, and ordered him to send two men to take you to the Chosroes. Bazan sent me to you. If you come with me, Bazan, the governor of Yemen, will write a letter in favor of you and make him forgive you; if you refuse to come with me, the Chosroes will eliminate you and your nation and destroy your country.” Then, Babawayh gave the letter of Bazan to the Prophet.

After the Messenger of God listened to what Babawayh said and learnt the content of the letter, he smiled; then, he invited them to Islam.

The envoys were shivering in the presence of the Prophet due to his spiritual grandeur but they tried to speak bravely so as to hide their fear.

The Prophet said, “I will tell you what I will do tomorrow.” Then, he sent them.

The next day, the Messenger of God gave them the following news, which he received through revelation:

“God inflicted Sirawayh, the son of the Chosroes, upon him; Shirawayh killed him in such and such a month, such and such a night and such and such an hour.”

The envoys were surprised by that news.

The Prophet also said to them, “Say to Bazan that my religion and sovereignty will reach the places where the land and sovereignty of the Chosroes reach. Tell him that if he becomes a Muslim, I will give the places that he rules now to him and I will make him the king of the nation that consists of Abnas (Persians that settled in the south of Arabia).”

Thereupon, Bazan’s men returned to Yemen; they told him what had happened.

Bazan, the governor said, “By God, they are not words of king; I think this person is a prophet as he says.” Then, he asked his men, “How did you find him?”

They said, “We have never seen a king more majestic than , more fearless than him; he walked around without any guards. He walked among people modestly; he was on foot not riding.”

Bazan found it appropriate to wait for a while. He said, “Let us wait for the outcome of the words he uttered about the Chosroes. If it turns out to be true, he is really a prophet sent by God to people; if it does not turn out to be, we will do whatever is necessary.”

After a while, Bazan received the following letter from Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes:

“I killed the Chosroes. When you receive this letter, accept the allegiance of the people on behalf of me. As for the person about whom the Chosroes wrote to you, do not do anything about him until you receive my new order about him.”

They calculated it and found out that Parwiz was killed at exactly the same hour, and on the same night as the Messenger of God had said.

The inner world of Bazan was enlightened by this obvious miracle.  He became a Muslim saying, “Muhammad (pbuh) is definitely a prophet sent by God to people.”

After that, Abans living in Yemen embraced Islam, too.

Later, Bazan informed the Messenger of God that they had become Muslims. Thereupon, the Prophet appointed him as the governor of Sana. He was the first governor that the Prophet appointed and the first Persian governor that became a Muslim.

The Original Letter that the Prophet Sent to the Chosroes

The original letter that the Messenger of God sent to the Chosroes was found when Mr. Henri Pharaon, who had been the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Lebanon, applied to Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid in November 1962 to read a letter. Henri Pharaon’s father had bought that letter for one hundred and fifty gold coins in Damascus at the end of the World War I; he kept it as a secret because he did not know its content or because he did not want it to be revealed.    

According to the description of Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid, this letter was written on parchment. However, in the course of time, its color changed and it was stuck on a piece of green fabric, whose texture was worn out. The case was protected by a glass framework; so the parchment remained stuck to it.

The parchment is old and soft; it is dark brown. Therefore, the margins of the page blackened.

The letter is 28 cm long and 21,5 cm wide.

The letter is thin and long but the top part is wider than the bottom.

There are 15 lines in the letter and their length change between 21,2 cm and 21,5 cm.

Under the lines that had been drawn, there is a trace of a seal which resembles a circle; its diameter is 3 cm.

There are traces of water that had flown from the top to the bottom on the letter. They erased some letters or words in some places and made them vague in some places. The letters of the word (RASUL) in the middle of the seal were all erased except the letter ®.

It is understood that the letter was torn. As a matter of fact, the tear starts from the third horizontal line to the end of that line; then, it goes vertically down to the tenth line; thus, the trace of the tear has a reverse (L) shape.

Then, this tear was sewn by a fine thread made of leather belonging to a later date, which could be discerned on the parchment.

The style of the letters is like the oldest style of the words written on the graphite rock on Mount Sel during the Battle of Khandaq.

[lifeofresulullah]

The Life of The Prophet Muhammad:   The Treaty of Hudaybiyah and Calling the Great States of the World to Islam

Chosroes is Invited to Islam

(7th Year of the Migration, the month of Muharram /AD 628)

The Messenger of God, who decided to invite the kings to Islam, sent Abdullah b. Huzafa, one of the Companions, to Parwiz b. Hurmuz, the Chosroes of Persia as an envoy.

Abdullah b. Hu­zafa, who arrived in Iran and was accepted into the palace, gave the letter of invitation to Islam to the Chosroes Parwiz in person. The Chosroes made his scribe read the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!”

This addressing infuriated the Chosroes. He did not allow the rest of the letter to be read; without learning the content of the letter, he said, “Look! My slave dares to write a letter to me!” and tore the holy letter of the Messenger of God to pieces arrogantly.Then, he said to Abdullah b. Hu­za­fa, the envoy of the Prophet, “The land and the sovereignty belong to me! I have no worry or fear whatsoever about being defeated or encountering someone who wants to share them. The Pharaoh ruled the Sons of Israel. You are not stronger than them. What can prevent me from ruling you? I am stronger than the Pharaoh!’ Then, he ordered his men to dismiss Abdullah.

Abdullah b. Huzafa Returns to Madinah

Hz. Abdullah b. Huzafe fulfilled his duty by giving the letter of the invitation of the Prophet to the Chosroes. Therefore, when he was sent out of the palace he set off for Madinah.

Meanwhile, the fury of the Chosroes probably soothed a bit and he ordered his men to find and fetch Abdullah. However, he had already left.

When Abdullah arrived in Madinah, he went to the presence of the Messenger of God. He told the Prophet what had happened. The Messenger of God damned the Chosroes by saying, “O Lord! Tear his sovereignty to pieces just as he tore my letter to pieces.”

Due to this damning, Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes Parwiz, stabbed his father with a dagger. Later, Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqqas destroyed his sovereignty in Iran. The Sasanid rule had no strength.

The Letter Sent by the Prophet

The content of the letter of invitation to Islam by the Messenger of God sent to Parwiz, the Khosroes of Persia was as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!

“Peace be upon those who follow the right path, who believe in God and His Prophet, who witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger!

I invite you to the religion of God because I was sent as a prophet   ‘to give admonition to any (who are) alive, and that the charge may be proved against those who reject (Truth)’ (Yasin, 70).

“Be a Muslim so that you will be saved. If you reject my invitation, may you be responsible for the sins of your fireworshipping nation!”

The Order that the Chosroes Gives to the Governor of Yemen

The fury of the Chosroes did not soothe when he tore the holy letter of the Prophet. He sent this message to Bazan, the governor of Yemen: “I hear that a person in the Quraysh claims to be a prophet. Send two of your strong men so that they will tie him and bring him to me.”

Bazan fulfilled this order at once. He sent two of his men to the Prophet; he also gave them a letter telling the Prophet to go and surrender to the Chosroes.

Those two men called Babawayh and Hurra Husra came to Madinah and went to the presence of the Messenger of God. Babawayh said to the Prophet, “The Chosroes wrote a letter to Bazan, the governor, and ordered him to send two men to take you to the Chosroes. Bazan sent me to you. If you come with me, Bazan, the governor of Yemen, will write a letter in favor of you and make him forgive you; if you refuse to come with me, the Chosroes will eliminate you and your nation and destroy your country.” Then, Babawayh gave the letter of Bazan to the Prophet.

After the Messenger of God listened to what Babawayh said and learnt the content of the letter, he smiled; then, he invited them to Islam.

The envoys were shivering in the presence of the Prophet due to his spiritual grandeur but they tried to speak bravely so as to hide their fear.

The Prophet said, “I will tell you what I will do tomorrow.” Then, he sent them.

The next day, the Messenger of God gave them the following news, which he received through revelation:

“God inflicted Sirawayh, the son of the Chosroes, upon him; Shirawayh killed him in such and such a month, such and such a night and such and such an hour.”

The envoys were surprised by that news.

The Prophet also said to them, “Say to Bazan that my religion and sovereignty will reach the places where the land and sovereignty of the Chosroes reach. Tell him that if he becomes a Muslim, I will give the places that he rules now to him and I will make him the king of the nation that consists of Abnas (Persians that settled in the south of Arabia).”

Thereupon, Bazan’s men returned to Yemen; they told him what had happened.

Bazan, the governor said, “By God, they are not words of king; I think this person is a prophet as he says.”Then, he asked his men, “How did you find him?”

They said, “We have never seen a king more majestic than , more fearless than him; he walked around without any guards. He walked among people modestly; he was on foot not riding.”

Bazan found it appropriate to wait for a while. He said, “Let us wait for the outcome of the words he uttered about the Chosroes. If it turns out to be true, he is really a prophet sent by God to people; if it does not turn out to be, we will do whatever is necessary.”

After a while, Bazan received the following letter from Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes:

“I killed the Chosroes. When you receive this letter, accept the allegiance of the people on behalf of me. As for the person about whom the Chosroes wrote to you, do not do anything about him until you receive my new order about him.”

They calculated it and found out that Parwiz was killed at exactly the same hour, and on the same night as the Messenger of God had said.

The inner world of Bazan was enlightened by this obvious miracle.  He became a Muslim saying, “Muhammad (pbuh) is definitely a prophet sent by God to people.”

After that, Abans living in Yemen embraced Islam, too.

Later, Bazan informed the Messenger of God that they had become Muslims. Thereupon, the Prophet appointed him as the governor of Sana. He was the first governor that the Prophet appointed and the first Persian governor that became a Muslim.

The Original Letter that the Prophet Sent to the Chosroes

The original letter that the Messenger of God sent to the Chosroes was found when Mr. Henri Pharaon, who had been the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Lebanon, applied to Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid in November 1962 to read a letter. Henri Pharaon’s father had bought that letter for one hundred and fifty gold coins in Damascus at the end of the World War I; he kept it as a secret because he did not know its content or because he did not want it to be revealed.    

According to the description of Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid, this letter was written on parchment. However, in the course of time, its color changed and it was stuck on a piece of green fabric, whose texture was worn out. The case was protected by a glass framework; so the parchment remained stuck to it.

The parchment is old and soft; it is dark brown. Therefore, the margins of the page blackened.

The letter is 28 cm long and 21,5 cm wide.

The letter is thin and long but the top part is wider than the bottom.

There are 15 lines in the letter and their length change between 21,2 cm and 21,5 cm.

Under the lines that had been drawn, there is a trace of a seal which resembles a circle; its diameter is 3 cm.

There are traces of water that had flown from the top to the bottom on the letter. They erased some letters or words in some places and made them vague in some places. The letters of the word (RASUL) in the middle of the seal were all erased except the letter ®.

It is understood that the letter was torn. As a matter of fact, the tear starts from the third horizontal line to the end of that line; then, it goes vertically down to the tenth line; thus, the trace of the tear has a reverse (L) shape.

Then, this tear was sewn by a fine thread made of leather belonging to a later date, which could be discerned on the parchment.

The style of the letters is like the oldest style of the words written on the graphite rock on Mount Sel during the Battle of Khandaq.

[lifeofresulullah]

The Life of The Prophet Muhammad(pbuh): The Treaty of Hudaybiyah and Calling the Great States of the World to Islam

Chosroes is Invited to Islam

(7th Year of the Migration, the month of Muharram /AD 628)

The Messenger of God, who decided to invite the kings to Islam, sent Abdullah b. Huzafa, one of the Companions, to Parwiz b. Hurmuz, the Chosroes of Persia as an envoy.

Abdullah b. Hu­zafa, who arrived in Iran and was accepted into the palace, gave the letter of invitation to Islam to the Chosroes Parwiz in person. The Chosroes made his scribe read the letter:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!”

This addressing infuriated the Chosroes. He did not allow the rest of the letter to be read; without learning the content of the letter, he said, “Look! My slave dares to write a letter to me!” and tore the holy letter of the Messenger of God to pieces arrogantly. Then, he said to Abdullah b. Hu­za­fa, the envoy of the Prophet, “The land and the sovereignty belong to me! I have no worry or fear whatsoever about being defeated or encountering someone who wants to share them. The Pharaoh ruled the Sons of Israel. You are not stronger than them. What can prevent me from ruling you? I am stronger than the Pharaoh!’ Then, he ordered his men to dismiss Abdullah.

Abdullah b. Huzafa Returns to Madinah

Hz. Abdullah b. Huzafe fulfilled his duty by giving the letter of the invitation of the Prophet to the Chosroes. Therefore, when he was sent out of the palace he set off for Madinah.

Meanwhile, the fury of the Chosroes probably soothed a bit and he ordered his men to find and fetch Abdullah. However, he had already left.

When Abdullah arrived in Madinah, he went to the presence of the Messenger of God. He told the Prophet what had happened. The Messenger of God damned the Chosroes by saying, “O Lord! Tear his sovereignty to pieces just as he tore my letter to pieces.”

Due to this damning, Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes Parwiz, stabbed his father with a dagger. Later, Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqqas destroyed his sovereignty in Iran. The Sasanid rule had no strength.

The Letter Sent by the Prophet

The content of the letter of invitation to Islam by the Messenger of God sent to Parwiz, the Khosroes of Persia was as follows:

“Bismillahirrahmanirrahim!

“From Muhammad, the Messenger of God to the Chosroes, the leader of Persians!

“Peace be upon those who follow the right path, who believe in God and His Prophet, who witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His slave and Messenger!

I invite you to the religion of God because I was sent as a prophet   ‘to give admonition to any (who are) alive, and that the charge may be proved against those who reject (Truth)’ (Yasin, 70).

“Be a Muslim so that you will be saved. If you reject my invitation, may you be responsible for the sins of your fireworshipping nation!”

The Order that the Chosroes Gives to the Governor of Yemen

The fury of the Chosroes did not soothe when he tore the holy letter of the Prophet. He sent this message to Bazan, the governor of Yemen: “I hear that a person in the Quraysh claims to be a prophet. Send two of your strong men so that they will tie him and bring him to me.”

Bazan fulfilled this order at once. He sent two of his men to the Prophet; he also gave them a letter telling the Prophet to go and surrender to the Chosroes.

Those two men called Babawayh and Hurra Husra came to Madinah and went to the presence of the Messenger of God. Babawayh said to the Prophet, “The Chosroes wrote a letter to Bazan, the governor, and ordered him to send two men to take you to the Chosroes. Bazan sent me to you. If you come with me, Bazan, the governor of Yemen, will write a letter in favor of you and make him forgive you; if you refuse to come with me, the Chosroes will eliminate you and your nation and destroy your country.” Then, Babawayh gave the letter of Bazan to the Prophet.

After the Messenger of God listened to what Babawayh said and learnt the content of the letter, he smiled; then, he invited them to Islam.

The envoys were shivering in the presence of the Prophet due to his spiritual grandeur but they tried to speak bravely so as to hide their fear.

The Prophet said, “I will tell you what I will do tomorrow.” Then, he sent them.

The next day, the Messenger of God gave them the following news, which he received through revelation:

“God inflicted Sirawayh, the son of the Chosroes, upon him; Shirawayh killed him in such and such a month, such and such a night and such and such an hour.”

The envoys were surprised by that news.

The Prophet also said to them, “Say to Bazan that my religion and sovereignty will reach the places where the land and sovereignty of the Chosroes reach. Tell him that if he becomes a Muslim, I will give the places that he rules now to him and I will make him the king of the nation that consists of Abnas (Persians that settled in the south of Arabia).”

Thereupon, Bazan’s men returned to Yemen; they told him what had happened.

Bazan, the governor said, “By God, they are not words of king; I think this person is a prophet as he says.” Then, he asked his men, “How did you find him?”

They said, “We have never seen a king more majestic than , more fearless than him; he walked around without any guards. He walked among people modestly; he was on foot not riding.”

Bazan found it appropriate to wait for a while. He said, “Let us wait for the outcome of the words he uttered about the Chosroes. If it turns out to be true, he is really a prophet sent by God to people; if it does not turn out to be, we will do whatever is necessary.”

After a while, Bazan received the following letter from Shirawayh, the son of the Chosroes:

“I killed the Chosroes. When you receive this letter, accept the allegiance of the people on behalf of me. As for the person about whom the Chosroes wrote to you, do not do anything about him until you receive my new order about him.”

They calculated it and found out that Parwiz was killed at exactly the same hour, and on the same night as the Messenger of God had said.

The inner world of Bazan was enlightened by this obvious miracle.  He became a Muslim saying, “Muhammad (pbuh) is definitely a prophet sent by God to people.”

After that, Abans living in Yemen embraced Islam, too.

Later, Bazan informed the Messenger of God that they had become Muslims. Thereupon, the Prophet appointed him as the governor of Sana. He was the first governor that the Prophet appointed and the first Persian governor that became a Muslim.

The Original Letter that the Prophet Sent to the Chosroes

The original letter that the Messenger of God sent to the Chosroes was found when Mr. Henri Pharaon, who had been the Minister of Foreign Affairs in Lebanon, applied to Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid in November 1962 to read a letter. Henri Pharaon’s father had bought that letter for one hundred and fifty gold coins in Damascus at the end of the World War I; he kept it as a secret because he did not know its content or because he did not want it to be revealed.    

According to the description of Dr. Salahaddin al-Munajjid, this letter was written on parchment. However, in the course of time, its color changed and it was stuck on a piece of green fabric, whose texture was worn out. The case was protected by a glass framework; so the parchment remained stuck to it.

The parchment is old and soft; it is dark brown. Therefore, the margins of the page blackened.

The letter is 28 cm long and 21,5 cm wide.

The letter is thin and long but the top part is wider than the bottom.

There are 15 lines in the letter and their length change between 21,2 cm and 21,5 cm.

Under the lines that had been drawn, there is a trace of a seal which resembles a circle; its diameter is 3 cm.

There are traces of water that had flown from the top to the bottom on the letter. They erased some letters or words in some places and made them vague in some places. The letters of the word (RASUL) in the middle of the seal were all erased except the letter (R).

It is understood that the letter was torn. As a matter of fact, the tear starts from the third horizontal line to the end of that line; then, it goes vertically down to the tenth line; thus, the trace of the tear has a reverse (L) shape.

Then, this tear was sewn by a fine thread made of leather belonging to a later date, which could be discerned on the parchment.

The style of the letters is like the oldest style of the words written on the graphite rock on Mount Sel during the Battle of Khandaq.