#FOUNDED 1850

[dudeshusband]

so, i don't live in texas, so it never occurred to me that even though the town in rio bravo is fictional, the county they're supposed to be in is very real

[gallows-polls]

Henry W. Halleck (1815-1872) with his wife Elizabeth Hamilton (1831-1884), daughter of John Church Hamilton and granddaughter of Alexander Hamilton. Henry and Elizabeth hold their their only son, Henry Halleck Jr (1856-1882), who was known as ‘Harry’. Photographed c. 1856-1857 (?).

[lostdrarryfics]

Hi friends! Looking for a shorter fic (I think it was a one shot maybe?) where it’s eighth year and Harry can’t stop insulting Draco and vice versa Harry starts to flirt instead of insult and it throws Draco off kilter? I believe part of it was that Harry thought Draco was pretty when he blushed so he kept doing it, then Draco began to flirt back and they end up in this flirtationship with each other. I don’t remember it being smutty. Can you help? Thank you!

We believe you are looking for Hey, Potter by SunseticMonster (16k, M)

Don’t forget to bookmark, leave kudos and comments!

[sydneysageivashkov]

fellow australian artful dodger watchers have any of you worked out where in australia this is meant to be set because this is driving me up the wall

[infiniteglitterfall]

I composed a Jewish joke. Here it is:

I thought I could briefly write a quick list of all the pogroms over the past 200 years!

[kino-free-time]

Anatomy infographics

1850

source | source

[docholligay]

If you want to try something that'll make you laugh tonight, have you seen Cunk on Earth? I think youd like it. your day can't get worse!

Oh my God, how had I never seen this before, yall are constantly assaulting me with noted British shows 'Some Guy Wears A Coat Through Time series 26.5" and "We're Repressed but Georgian" and "Emotionally Distant Detective Embodies True English Heroism: Paperwork" and "We're Repressed but Edwardian" but never this???

I love it, reminds me actually of how Stephen Colbert, person, played Stephen Colbert, character in the hey day of the Daily Report. It goes stupid joke, stupid joke, and then SMACKS you with a clever one, like a constant cunttease. AMAZING.

I really want my wife to watch it: She loves pump up the jam and will DIE

[isablooo]

I've resolved to use the most Victorian™️ facial hair that I can in Dracula's Guest because when else am I going to get this opportunity

[3liza]

https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/theyre-not-human-how-19th-century-inuit-coped-with-a-real-life-invasion-of-the-walking-dead

Indigenous groups across the Americas had all encountered Europeans differently. But where other coastal groups such as the Haida or the Mi’kmaq had met white men who were well-fed and well-dressed, the Inuit frequently encountered their future colonizers as small parties on the edge of death.

“I’m sure it terrified people,” said Eber, 91, speaking to the National Post by phone from her Toronto home.

And it’s why, as many as six generations after the events of the Franklin Expedition, Eber was meeting Inuit still raised on stories of the two giant ships that came to the Arctic and discharged columns of death onto the ice.

Inuit nomads had come across streams of men that “didn’t seem to be right.” Maddened by scurvy, botulism or desperation, they were raving in a language the Inuit couldn’t understand. In one case, hunters came across two Franklin Expedition survivors who had been sleeping for days in the hollowed-out corpses of seals.

“They were unrecognizable they were so dirty,” Lena Kingmiatook, a resident of Taloyoak, told Eber.

Mark Tootiak, a stepson of Nicholas Qayutinuaq, related a story to Eber of a group of Inuit who had an early encounter with a small and “hairy” group of Franklin Expedition men evacuating south.

“Later … these Inuit heard that people had seen more white people, a lot more white people, dying,” he said. “They were seen carrying human meat.”

Even Eber’s translator, the late Tommy Anguttitauruq, recounted a goose hunting trip in which he had stumbled upon a Franklin Expedition skeleton still carrying a clay pipe.

By 1850, coves and beaches around King William Island were littered with the disturbing remnants of their advance: Scraps of clothing and camps still littered with their dead occupants. Decades later, researchers would confirm the Inuit accounts of cannibalism when they found bleached human bones with their flesh hacked clean.

“I’ve never in all my life seen any kind of spirit — I’ve heard the sounds they make, but I’ve never seen them with my own eyes,” said the old man who had gone out to investigate the Franklin survivors who had straggled into his camp that day on King William Island.

The figures’ skin was cold but it was not “cold as a fish,” concluded the man. Therefore, he reasoned, they were probably alive.

“They were beings but not Inuit,” he said, according to the account by shaman Nicholas Qayutinuaq.

The figures were too weak to be dangerous, so Inuit women tried to comfort the strangers by inviting them into their igloo.

But close contact only increased their alienness: The men were timid, untalkative and — despite their obvious starvation — they refused to eat.

The men spit out pieces of cooked seal offered to them. They rejected offers of soup. They grabbed jealous hold of their belongings when the Inuit offered to trade.

When the Inuit men returned to the camp from their hunt, they constructed an igloo for the strangers, built them a fire and even outfitted the shelter with three whole seals.

Then, after the white men had gone to sleep, the Inuit quickly packed up their belongings and fled by moonlight.

Whether the pale-skinned visitors were qallunaat or “Indians” — the group determined that staying too long around these “strange people” with iron knives could get them all killed.

“That night they got all their belongings together and took off towards the southwest,” Qayutinuaq told Dorothy Eber.

But the true horror of the encounter wouldn’t be revealed until several months later.

The Inuit had left in such a hurry that they had abandoned several belongings. When a small party went back to the camp to retrieve them, they found an igloo filled with corpses.

The seals were untouched. Instead, the men had eaten each other.

[theknitpotato]

In 1850, a farmer found a secret village. It was later determined to be older than the Great Pyramids of Egypt. Archeologists estimated that 100 people lived in this village named Skara Brae, the "Scottish Pompeii." The houses were connected to each other by tunnels, and each house could be closed off with a stone door.

[emperorvalens]

it's really weird when a significant portion of my job is cooking on a wood fire stove with almost entirely cast iron & then go back home to Modern Cooking.

[waterfront-aquarium]

ABBY ANDERSON’S BOOK COLLECTION

book textures found here [x]

CITY OF THIEVES

written by david benioff, 2008

the main character’s name is lev, perhaps a nod to abby’s future ward

THE COUNT OF MONTE CRISTO

written by alexandre dumas, 1846

some of the story’s key themes are revenge, redemption and forgiveness.. sounds a bit familiar, abigail

THE ILIAD & THE ODYSSEY

written by homer, c. 8th century BC

THE INGENIOUS GENTLEMAN DON QUIXOTE OF LA MANCHA

written by miguel de cervantes, 1605

HEART OF DARKNESS

written by joseph conrad, 1899

DIVINE COMEDY

written by dante alighieri, 1321

LITTLE WOMEN

louisa may aclott, 1868

THE MOONSTONE

written by wilkie collins, 1868

THE ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN

written by mark twain, 1884

ONE THOUSAND AND ONE NIGHTS, TALES FROM THE ARABIAN NIGHTS

written by various authors, c. 1706-1721

MEDEA

written by euripides, 431 BC

THE ROSE GARDEN HUSBAND

written by margaret widdemer, 1915

THE WAR OF THE WORLDS

written by H. G. wells, 1898

WAR AND PEACE

written by leo tolstoy, 1867

ROBINSON CRUSOE

written by daniel defoe, 1719

THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY

written by oscar wilde, 1890

THE DREAM-QUEST OF UNKNOWN KADATH

written by H. P. lovecraft, 1943

THE SCARLET LETTER

written by nathaniel hawthorne, 1850

NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR

written by george orwell, 1949

TREASURE ISLAND

written by robert louis stevenson, 1883

A TALE OF TWO CITIES

written by charles dickens, 1859

FISHING IN UTOPIA: SWEDEN & THE FUTURE THAT DISAPPEARED

written by andrew brown, 2008

STRANGE CASE OF DR JEKYLL & MR HYDE

written by robert louis stevenson, 1886

[valtsv]

lol nice outfit loser. hold on i'm getting a call [places phone to ear] it's the 1850s. they still haven't found the franklin expedition.

[lovelylonelymoonlight]

Alright I’m gonna tell you to take several fucking seats

I’m sorry if my interpretations of fake fun silly fictional characters is different that yours but Jesus Christ chill out maybe?? It’s not like there’s about idk 8 quadrillion different iterations of these characters or smth

In this case it was also Alfred who gave Robin to Tim, which most people would say yeah sure but Bruce ALLOWED it as Batman he ENABLED it. The same way dick did with Damian.

Now saying that it totally makes sense why he did!! As I literally said above it makes sense to give the kid who needs structure Robin and then one who keeps demanding independence independence!! and dick does that cause he ultimately isn’t in the place to be An Adult and he’s not thinking about all of the nuisances that come with making these choices for children. He may technically be an adult but that doesn’t mean his ready to take on parenting kids, and that works with his character not against it.

He treats this situation the way a big brother would Not A Parent or at least not an established parent. It’s also drawn from him seeing robin as Batman’s Son as seeing robin as a sidekick DESPITE demanding robin be an equal partner. In this way he is taking on the responsibility of Damian and trying to allow Tim room to grow. Again it makes sense he’s not stupid for doing it!! That’s what makes it tragic!! That’s what makes it good writing!! Because he gets to see his dad as a person and his little brother as a child!!! That’s interesting!!

Not whatever noncharacter bullshit where he just sits I guess??? Doesn’t say anything to Tim or Damian about the whole situation?? Just fucking twiddles his damn thumbs??? Like at the very least this gives him agency????? Cmon now

Dick: you would’ve done the same thing! I Had to take robin away from Tim and give it to Damian!

Bruce: you took it from the child craving independence and gave it to the on that needed structure. I wouldn’t have done the same thing- I have already done the thing

Dick: …

Bruce: what’s Harvey always say, ‘you either die a child or live long enough to understand your parents’

[caladblog]

A BASIC GUIDE TO VICTORIAN CLOTHING, FOR FANDOMS

wherein VICTORIAN CLOTHING is understood to mean "common clothing from the 1830s to the end of the century, in fashion as set by London and followed to a greater or lesser extent in the rest of the British empire"

This is very much meant as a starting point or a cheat sheet, not a comprehensive historical essay, for people who want to know what the Fuck is happening under that morning coat and/or dress the size of a kitchen table. I've also included a little bit on likely materials and colors so you can add some texture to your fics.

Here's the rule of thumb: Victorians loved LAYERS, BUTTONS, and DECORATIVE SHIT. When in doubt, slap several layers of clothing on your guy, button 'em all together, and flourish the hell out of the top layer. Congrats, you have dressed a Victorian.

Read on for details! And check my reblogs for a note on trans characters. A Part 2 on Mending/Laundry is in the works, because it had a much bigger impact on Victorian dress at all levels of society than it does on modern fashion and I think it's worth talking about.

UNDERWEAR FOR MEN:

a warm and comfortable and easily washable undershirt (typically called a vest) with sleeves that went down to the wrist

drawers, also warm and comfortable and easily washable and covering the whole legs, fastened with buttons or ties at the waist and ankles

pair of socks

If you cover your whole body in this base layer made of undyed, unfashionable, who-cares-if-it's-stained fabric, the sweat and dirt of your body stays on this easily-washable layer and spares the outer layers of clothing that would be damaged by hot water and soaps, or at least that was the philosophy.

The most common fabric for this underwear was flannel, as it was cheap and fairly soft. Bands of cotton could be stitched to the inside of the wrists, ankles, waists, and collar if you found the wool itchy. Socks were almost always knitted wool, holes or thin spots mended with darning whether you were poor or rich.

UNDERWEAR FOR WOMEN:

the chemise / shift: a simple, short-sleeved cotton tube that fell to the mid-thigh

other underwear requires a bit of a history lesson, sorry. At the beginning of the century, you wore like 85 petticoats and no bloomers. Then crinolines--a sort of metal cage skirt that held your dress away from your body to obtain the fashionable wide silhouette--were invented in the 1850s. It was great, because they replaced 30lbs of underskirts, but also inconvenient, in that hoops of steel are inherently bouncy. To preserve modesty (and also warmth) women began wearing bloomers, open in the middle and buttoning at the waist and either at or below the knee. These were also made of plain cotton and only occasionally decorated with a bit of lace-- for all your underthings, male or female, you wanted to be able to 1) make a bunch of sets quickly and cheaply so you could change every day without needing to launder as often and 2) use cloth that could be laundered easily.

stockings were longer and more decorative than men's socks, made of wool, cotton, or silk. White was popular at the beginning of the century, but bright colors and patterns became fashionable in the middle, and conservative black stockings dominated the end of the era. Wool fabrics were the most common, warmest, and cheapest; silk stockings were for very wealthy and fashionable women as they required the most care. Near the end of the century stockings were suspended from the corset, but up til that point stockings were held up by garters tied above the knee.

MIDDLE LAYERS FOR MEN:

shirts, with much longer tails than the button-up shirts we're used to, with a buttoned slit that only went about halfway down the chest rather than all the way down the front of the garment. Lots of volume in the sleeve around the armpit, buttoned up at the cuff. At the beginning of the period, rich men's shirts were checked or patterned while working men's shirts were white(ish), but this swapped over the course of the century as colored fabric became cheaper. (It hides stains better.) The gentleman's shirt from midcentury onward was a crisp, bright white.

As a middle layer, parts of it (like the cuffs and front) could be seen in public, but you absolutely could not go out without a waistcoat and jacket. You only removed your jacket and showed your shirtsleeves at the end of the day, amongst your family.

Trousers were held up by braces / suspenders that went over the shoulders, not belts that fastened around the waist, and you did NOT let them show. They were meant to be covered entirely by waistcoats.

MIDDLE LAYERS FOR WOMEN:

As a very carefully tailored and shaped garment that couldn't really be washed, corsets went over the shift. All women wore them, even laborers, even prisoners and people in workhouses as part of their (institution-provided and deliberately demeaning) uniform. They were viewed as necessary armor to support your weak internal organs, and the physically upright posture they created went hand in hand with moral uprightness in the Victorian mind. They could lace up in the front or back, and the boning could be made of steel (cheap and sturdy) or whalebone (springier and therefore a bit more comfortable) or wood (if you are truly broke AF) or even just stiff cord (mostly for young girls, in which they were called stays).

camisoles (also called vests or corset covers) were tailored shirts worn over the corset, and could be either extremely decorative with embroidery and lace or plainer and made for warmth.

then you've got the crinoline, tied at the waist, a skirt made of steel hoops as already described.

then a couple of petticoats, decorated at the hem for fashion, layered for warmth and to hide the crinoline's hoops.

OUTERWEAR FOR MEN:

trousers, made of cotton or wool. The big differences between Victorian trousers and today's are 1) zippers hadn't been invented yet, the flies were buttoned and 2) the modern waist sits around the hipbones, while the Victorian waist was at the bottom of the ribcage.

jackets, made of thick heavily felted wool that was decently wind- and rain-proof. Darker colors in jackets and trousers lasted longer, so light-colored cloth was mostly worn by the young and rich (or those who wanted to look rich) and flashy.

waistcoats were where the fashion REALLY was. As the back was always made of plain cotton not meant to be seen, even poor men could often afford the cost of the fabric needed to make a neat waistcoat. The front could be made of embroidered silk for luxury, wool for added warmth, or printed cotton making full use of the brilliantly-colored (and relatively cheap) dyes that had just been invented. It's a little bit like people today wearing simple suits and shirts paired with wild socks.

OUTERWEAR FOR WOMEN:

and here you finally get to the f*cking dress. I couldn't possibly go into all the variations on dresses in this era, but I can say that bright colors and patterns were common for women of all classes (but were also part of the ever-present anxiety about people acting "above their station", if a maid dressed too fashionably). The design of the sleeves and the decoration of the hems changed regularly with fashion, as did the precise shape of the feminine silhouette, but the bodice was always tight and the skirts were always full. The average woman would spend more money on flourishes--ribbons, lace, other trimmings--than the dress itself, largely because the average level of skill in sewing was so high that they mostly bought the fabric for the dress and cut & sewed it themselves.

ACCESSORIES FOR MEN:

the collar was not an integral part of the shirt! It was detachable and had to be washed, starched, and ironed separately. Laborers didn't wear them, just a loosely-tied cloth around their neck, but a stand-up collar was necessary for anyone working in a business setting whether you're rich or making really terrible clerk's wages. Turned-down collars like the ones on most of our shirts today were informal and for wealthy men at leisure.

a stock or necktie, ideally black silk. Modern neckties weren't around yet, but the century moved slowly towards that and away from cravats.

gloves. Especially when status was a concern, so, men outside the home not engaged in business and servants waiting on their masters. These were tight-fitting, pale in color, and damn near impossible to launder and mend.

ACCESSORIES FOR WOMEN:

a shawl, often. Your lower half would be covered in stockings and plentiful skirts, while your upper half would only have a few layers that were usually made of cotton, so freezing your tits off was unfortunately common.

gloves. Like men's gloves, these were also status symbols worn when visiting your acquaintances or waiting on your masters. The vast vast majority of servants were women, and the rough labor of washing and cleaning fell to them, so these gloves also covered the evidence of that rough work.

HATS/BONNETS:

Everybody wore a hat when out in public. It's just what you did. The type of hat varied based on fashion, occupation, and social standing, but you had SOME kind of thing on your head when you left the house.

SOME SPECIFIC CLOTHES:

Fishermen wore knitted jumpers instead of jackets. Laborers out in the country (muddy when it rained, dusty when it didn't) wore gaiters, which were basically just rectangles or tubes of cheap-ass sacking that tied around the ankle and below the knee to keep the mud / dust off their trousers. Surgeons and people who worked a lot with ink (clerks, stationers) had sleeves, which were tubes of canvas that tied around the wrist and elbow to protect their shirtsleeves. The advantage of sleeves and gaiters is that you can remove them, toss them in a bucket of water, and beat the shit out of them to wash them without worrying about rips or tears OR getting the stains (mud, ink, blood, etc) onto your other clothes.

Maids and other laborers didn't wear crinolines, but they did wear a corset and a couple of petticoats under their dress.

More prosperous laborers might still own a collar / crinoline, but only wear it to church on Sundays or other occasions that called for nice dress.

When at home and not working or entertaining visitors, both men and women would wear slippers that could be super fancy or very simple or your kid's first sewing project, etc etc. Depends on your preference.

Men would sleep in long, loose nightshirts and women would sleep in long, loose nightdresses. Practically speaking there wasn't much difference between these garments; both might be decorated a bit with embroidery or lace. Rich people would have finer fabrics, fashionable people would have more decoration, poor people might just sleep in whatever combination of day clothes is the most comfortable. Fairly straightforward.

TO RECAP

MEN: vest + drawers + socks > shirt > trousers + braces + collar > waistcoat + stock or necktie > jacket + shoes or boots > hat

WOMEN: shift + bloomers (optional) + stockings > corset > camisole > crinoline > petticoats (minimum 2) > dress > shawl > shoes + bonnet

===

SOURCES

How to Be a Victorian, by Ruth Goodman

Inside the Victorian Home, by Judith Flanders

Episode 342 of Antiques Freaks, Historical Costuming for The Terror (2018)-- the first ~8 minutes talk about men's clothes in general, then they go into naval uniforms until minute 15ish.

[metamatar]

something something american necropolitics the tillamook county creamery association found online on tillamook dot com that sells many dairy products in the united states under the brand name tillamook has no relationship and makes no acknowledgement of the tillamook people from whom it get its name. the name comes from the chinook translation of the people of nehalem. early contact with european sailing ships is dated to the 1770s. in 1805 lewis and clark's "discovery" expedition noted at the time that many large villages had been depopulated by pandemics and many adults had smallpox scars. this followed a period of fur trading with the involvement of hudson bay corporation. in 1850, the us govt passed the oregon donation land act, announcing over 2,500,000 acres of land as available for settlers to seize, which happened in patterns whose violence mirrors that of the continent. there was no treaty. in 1907, the tribe sued and was paid 23,500 dollars for the land the us govt has seized from them when it forced them onto the siletz reservation. the tillamook language is a salishan language that lost its last fluent speaker in 1970. many descendants are considered part of the confederated tribes of siletz. other nehalem are part of the unrecognized clatsop nehalem confederated tribes. the nehalem-tillamook were also socially and economically integrated with the clatsop peoples. today the town of tillamook has a population that is only 1.5% native american. the modern day corporation started as a settler coop created in 1909. it is the 48th largest dairy processor in north america and posted $1 billion in sales in 2021.