#Cyaneidae

[snototter]

A lion's mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata) feeding on moon jellyfish in the white sea

by Alexander Semenov

[dougdimmadodo]

Lion's Mane Jellyfish (Cyanea capillata)

Family: Cyaneid Jellyfish Family (Cyaneidae)

IUCN Conservation Status: Unassessed

Named for its frilly "mane" made up of over 1,200 long, stinging tentacles, the Lion's Mane Jellyfish is among the largest known jellyfish species; while this viral image showing a diver next to a Lion's Mane Jellyfish has been edited to make the jellyfish appear far larger than it actually is, members of this species still dwarf most of their relatives, with a bell ("main body") diameter of over 2.4 meters (7.89 feet) and a tentacle length of as much as 30 meters (98.4 feet), making it one the longest animals on earth. Typically found near the surface in the Arctic, northern Atlantic and northern Pacific Ocean regions, Lion's Mane Jellyfishes, like all jellyfishes, lack brains, eyes, hearts or respiratory organs (instead exchanging gasses directly between the water around them and their extremely thin tissues,) and rely heavily on waves and ocean tides to travel, but are able to slowly propel themselves in a given direction by expanding the 8 bag-like lobes of their bodies to take in water and then forcing it out again to push themselves along (although they can also to some extent detect and react to their orientation and surroundings owing to a series of frilly sensory structures located around their body's rim, know as rhopalia.) Like most jellyfishes the long, trailing tentacles of a Lion's Mane Jellyfish are lined with touch-sensitive, harpoon-like cells called cnidocytes that fire venomous barbs into any animal that touches them, and after a tentacle has stung and ensnared suitable prey (mainly fish, large plankton and smaller jellyfishes) it is pulled back towards the body where the prey is passed through a mouth-like opening on the jellyfish's underside and into a simple body cavity where it is digested, with any indigestible matter, such as shells or bones, later being ejected from the body through the same opening it entered through. The life cycle of the Lion's Mane Jellyfish, like that of most jellyfishes, takes place in 4 distinct stages and seems highly elaborate compared to that of most animals; the bag-like adults that we typically think of as jellyfishes, known as medusas, are either male or female and reproduce sexually by releasing gametes into the water around them, and should these gametes meet they fuse and develop into tiny larvae. The larvae then settle onto a solid surface and develop into polyps (a second, immobile life stage resembling a sea anemone,) and each polyp then asexually reproduces several times, with genetically identical, slow-swimming young splitting off of its body as buds. Each of these asexually-produced individuals will then develop into a medusa, continuing the cycle and meaning that each single instance of sexual reproduction in Lion's Mane Jellyfishes produces multiple asexually-produced offspring. Despite their massive size medusas of this species only live for around a year, although their polyps, which only reproduce under ideal environmental conditions, may remain dormant for longer than this.

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Image Source: here

[jellyfish-identifier]

Jellyfish identified !

Fried Egg Jellyfish - Phacellophora Camtschatica

BIOLOGY: This jellyfish has quite the debated classification. It was originally thought to be part of the Ulmaridae family (moon jellyfish), and then of the Cyaneidae family (lion's mane jellyfish); but was ultimately determined as part of a brand new family altogether: Phacellophoridae. However, that classification could change in the coming years. This species is also the sole known species in that family, but three or four more as suspected to exist: as such, the classification of the particular specimen in this post could be identified as incorrect when more light is shed on the matter.

That said, this species of jellyfish usually bears a yellow center with a translucent bell: earning it the name of fried-egg jellyfish. Although of course some individuals vary in color, being either nearly colorless or wholly yellow. They also have curtain-like oral arms, and a weak sting.

LOCATION: These jellies reside in cool waters, but aren't an extremely common sight. They have mainly been recorded in parts of the Sea of Japan and the Sea of Okhotsk, although they can be seen around the world.

SIZE: An adult specimen's bell can range from approx. 12 inches (60cm) with tentacles as long as 20 feet (6 meters).

GALLERY:

>> the_story_of_a_biologist

[animalids]

Medusa (Desmonema glaciale)

Photo by Norbert Wu

[mutant-distraction]

THE arctic lion's mane jellyfish or giant lion's mane jellyfish 🐙

(Cyanea capillata) is a species of scyphozoan of the Cyaneidae family. It is the largest jellyfish that exists. Subspecies are not recognized.

The longest known specimen of this species of jellyfish had an umbrella (body) with a diameter of 3.7 m and tentacles that reached 37 meters in length. Its distribution is circumpolar: it is found in the Arctic Ocean and in the North Atlantic, from the Norwegian Sea to the Bay of Biscay, being a common species in northern Europe. It also inhabits the Atlantic coasts of North America, from Canada to Florida.

It lives offshore, in the depths of the abyssal zone. However, specimens have been recorded on the surface on several occasions.

[thestolenrelic]

Chapters: 1/1 Fandom: Star Wars - All Media Types, Star Wars Sequel Trilogy Rating: General Audiences Warnings: Major Character Death Relationships: Rey/Ben Solo | Kylo Ren, Rey/Ben Solo, Rey & Ben Solo | Kylo Ren Additional Tags: Angst with a Happy Ending, i know there's a 'Major Character Death' tag but i swear the ending makes up for it, jj abrams said 'let me give you undeserved angst terribly written' and i said 'fuck that', TRoS Spoilers, Spoilers, sw spoilers, Earn Your Happy Ending Series: Part 3 of 5+1 collection Summary:

Ben Solo has died once on Starkiller Base, twice in Snoke's throne room, once on the ruins of the old Death Star, and once on Exogul. He's died twice as Kylo Ren, three times as Ben Solo.

Maybe, just maybe, in one lifetime the galaxy will allow him to live.

[gingerrose-hub]

Chapters: 1/1 Fandom: Star Wars - All Media Types, Star Wars Sequel Trilogy Rating: Teen And Up Audiences Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply Relationships: Armitage Hux/Rose Tico, GingerRose Additional Tags: This is incredibly sweet, i make no apologies, Armitage Hux Has Feelings, Rose has a big heart, and she's not afraid to use it, Fluff, The Author Regrets Nothing, Armitage Hux Needs A Hug, Brendol Hux's A+ Parenting, Minor Angst, which is almost immediately overshadowed by all the gooeyness Series: Part 3 of Hold Me Tight Or Don't Summary:

--And he thinks, I don't love it. But I love you.

That's merely the start.

Or: Armitage Hux Catches Feelings (Against His Will) Or or: "The Kids Aren't Alright" prequel #1

[ao3feedgingerrose]

Where Did The Party Go

by cyaneidae

"...Armitage is going to absolutely lose his mind over this."

"He'll get over it."

Or: Rose Loves All Her Force Sensitive Children And Also Her Completely Stressed Out Husband. Or or: "The Kids Aren't Alright" companion/sequel, this time with Rose POV.

Words: 3213, Chapters: 1/1, Language: English

Series: Part 2 of Hold Me Tight Or Don't

Fandoms: Star Wars Sequel Trilogy, Star Wars - All Media Types

Rating: Mature

Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply

Categories: F/M, Gen

Relationships: Armitage Hux/Rose Tico, Rey/Ben Solo | Kylo Ren, Rey/Ben Solo, GingerRose, Reylo

Additional Tags: Next Gen, this is so CUTE and FLUFFY you're going to need to see a dentist, Rose has a big heart, and she's not afraid to use it, armitage isn't scared of many people but he KNOWS not to cross his wife, Fluff, Gingerrose - Freeform, The Author Regrets Nothing

source http://archiveofourown.org/works/22354921

[snototter]

A lion’s mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata) in Scotland, UK

by ickle_rosie

[juniperpublishersoceanography]

Report on Cnidarians from Pulicat Lagoon- Juniper Publishers

Abstract

During our routine ecological survey conducted at Pulicat lagoon, the most diverse coelenterate belonging to 2 classes of scyphozoa (Catostylus mosaicus, Acromitus flagellates, Cyanea capillata, Chrysaora hysoscella) and hydrozoa (Porpita porpita) 4 families (Catostylidae, Cyaneidae, Pelagiidae and Porpitidae) and 5 species were recorded. The Catostylus mosaicus was dominated at the Barmouth. A large amount of species occurred during the monsoon season 2013 to 2015. Cnidarians were washed ashore. During the study, the salinity levels were maximum value observed was 41 while the minimum value obtained was 38ppt. Hence, it is necessary to focus on conservation, monitoring and management strategies in places of Pulicat lagoon.

Keywords: Jelly fish; Pulicat lagoon; Distribution

Introduction

Jelly fishes (Cnidaria), are well known bioindicators [1]. The increasing frequency of jelly fish outbreak events occurrence in marine and estuarine regions [2,3] suggested that rise in jellyfish abundance is just an up-phase of oscillations which occurred due to various factors. Worldwide Cnidaria 10,211 species and 752 species in the Mediterranean Sea, inhabiting entirely aquatic and mostly marine environments has reported [4,5]. In worldwide cnidarian class of Hydrozoa 3,643 species and Scyphozoa 228 species has reported [6]. Cnidarians species in Indian waters totally 842+, consisting of 212 species of class Hydrozoans and 25 species of scyphozoans were reported [7]. The Catostylus mosaicus has a long-lived medusa and historically has been considered a highly dispersive zooplankter, yet it has a marked phylogeographic discontinuity [8].

Pulicat is a small seashore township which offers an invigorating and thrilling experience of expedition. It is the second leading brackish lagoon in India-covering a total area of 720sqkm of which 84% comes in Andhra Pradesh and 16% in Tamil Nadu. In the present study, were improved our knowledge about the jellyfish diversity and distribution of Pulicat Lagoon were improved with meticulous observations and recordings.

Materials and Methods

Sample collection

Jelly fishes were collected using a120|im plankton net and preserved in 5% formalin at five sampling stations, namely Barmouth, Kunankuppam, Light house kuppam, Sattankuppam and Jameelabad were selected at Pulicat lagoon. The samples were brought to the laboratory and identified using authentic manual. Water sampling was done during 2013- 2015 period.

Physico-chemical analysis

Surface water was collected from the lagoon and stored in Polyethylene Terephthalate bottles. The bottles were rinsed using the sampling water and the water was collected with minimal disturbances in and around the collection points. The collected samples were then labelled and transferred to our laboratory for further analysis. Standard methods given by American public health association were utilized to analyze the samples [9]. The lagoon water quality was assessed by characterizing physicochemical parameters like pH, Temperature, Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, Salinity, Carbonate, Bicarbonate, Nitrites and Phosphates.

Statistical analysis

The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson's index and Margalef's richness index were calculated for estimating cnidarians diversity. The data were subjected to diversity indices analysis using PAST Software, Margalef index, Shannon Diversity Index "H", Simpson Diversity Index"D" and Pielou Evenness Index "J"

Result and Discussion

Diversity of the coelenterate from Pulicat lagoon includes 2 classes, 4 families, 3 orders and 5 species (Table 1). The abundance of C. mosaicus and other species less numbers were estimated by stratified random sampling within the survey areas (Figure 1). The family Cyaneidae of Cyanea capillata were observed at Barmouth, Kunankuppam and family of Pelagiidae Chrysaora hysoscella were observed at Barmouth (Figure 1). The C. mosaicus, Acromitus flagellates and Porpita porpita species were spotted during the monsoon season of 2013 and 2015 and Chrysaora hysoscella species was recorded in 2013 summer (Table 2). Also an unidentified jelly fish included by him and not reported due to non-availability of identification manuals (Figure 2). Margalef index was minimum 0 at Light house kuppam, Sattan kuppam and Jameelabad, a maximum of 0.962 was recorded in the Barmouth (Table 3).  Margalef Diversity Index "Ma" has no limit value and it showed variation depending upon the number of species. Thus, it is used for comparison between the sites. The present observed value was 7.78 which was also at the lower limit of the scale. Simson index minimum of 0 at the station at Sattankuppam and maximum of 1.600 at the Kunankuppam were noticed (Table 3). Simpson index closer to1 indicated nearly satisfactory diversity status of the Pulicat lagoon. Shanon winner index was a minimum of 0 in Light house kuppam, Sattankuppam and Jameelabad and maximum of 0.900 at Barmouth (S1) (Table 3). Diversity indices of jelly fish communities showed that Shannon index value (H) was 0.50, which was not at all satisfactory as 'H' value above 3 indicates better balance and stable habitat condition. Pielou index 'J' showed that jellyfish species were found a minimum of 0 at the Light house kuppam Sattankuppam and Jameelabad and maximum of 0.819 at Barmouth (Table 3). Pielou index 'J' showed that jelly fish species reported in the studied area was almost evenly distributed because our calculated values were closer to 1. Catostylidae family is found along the entire eastern coast of Australia, from the Torres Strait in the north to Port Phillip in the south [10]. C. mosaicus is an inshore species, sometimes occurring in bays and estuaries in very large numbers [10] and tolerates a wide range of temperature (10-28 °C) and salinity (12-39ppt) [11]. A. flagellatus pointed with smooth to finely granulated surface (Figure 1). Mouth-arms with basal regions joined by membrane, tapering to blunt point. Their habitat is coastal, sometimes brackish waters too. Distribution is along West Indian Ocean to central Pacific Ocean [12].

(+) present, (-) absent.

C. capillata is one of the largest jellyfish in the world. It gains its common name from the characteristic mass of long, thin, hair-like tentacles found hanging from the underside of the bell-shaped body. The C. capillata has a global distribution [13] although it is mostly found in the northern hemisphere in the North Atlantic, North Pacific and North Sea. C. hysoscella has a saucer-shaped bell (Figure 1), with 32 semi-circular lobes around the fringe, each one with a brown spot [14]. The mouth, the only opening to the exterior, is located on the centre of the underside of the bell, and is surrounded by 4 arms. There are also 24 tentacles around the edge of the bell, grouped in threes. The colour of this jellyfish varies, with a variable level of brown pigment [14]. These species were commonly widespread. P. porpita (Figure 1) marks the presence of a disc in the middle region which helps. The organism to float in the water and is golden brown in colour measuring around 1.5 inches width. The mouth present below the float is to engulf prey along with water and its ingredients. The second part is known as hydroid colony which posses bright coloured tentacles. With the help of these tentacles and the float it moves along and across the water body One can observe and admire the blue buttons for their beautiful colour but better to avoid contact which causes skin irritation, above all it is one of the good suppliers of bioactive compounds from the sea. In India [15] has reported in the Saurashtra Coast of Gujarat. In Tamil Nadu [16] in the Adirampattinam Mangrove Region.

The average values of water quality parameters in the study lagoon were shown in (Figure 3). During the study, the DO levels observed were maximum value of 2.912mg/l while the minimum value obtained was 2.098mg/l. The gradual reduction of dissolved oxygen levels implies deteriorating quality of the lake waters and its increasing unsuitability for industrial and domestic usage. The bicarbonate minimum 32.48mg/l at Jameelabad and maximum 38.48mg/l at Barmouth. The high amounts of nitrates and phosphates in the water bodies indicate higher levels of eutrophication [17]. These nitrates and phosphates prove to be the key to excessive algal blooms in the water bodies, thus increasing the pollution levels. The major source of phosphates is traced back to detergents and soaps used for household cleaning, while the nitrates are found as a result of discharge of untreated domestic sewage water. The algal blooms can be observed at values starting from 0.03 mg/l of phosphates in the water [18]. In conclusion, as a holistic approach to understanding and maintaining jelly fish diversity and water quality in semi-enclosed marine waters, is essential to study the animals found within the marine in relation to the hydrodynamics of the waters [19-21]. A good understanding of these can help to improve the management of cnidarians, in relation to maintaining a healthy ecological balance.

To Know More About Journal of Oceanography Please Click on:

https://juniperpublishers.com/ofoaj/index.php

To Know More About Open Access Journals Publishers Please Click on: Juniper Publishers

[animalids]

Lion's mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata)

Photo by Theo Lagendijk

[an-idearium]

Scientific Classification: 

Kingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Cnidaria

Class: Scyphozoa

Order: Semaeostomeae

Family: Cyaneida

Genus: Cyanea

Species: C. lamarckii

Binomial name :Cyanea lamarckii

Péron & Lesueur, 1810

(via Wikipedia) 

- Photograph by Raz Meyrelles

[thestolenrelic]

Chapters: 2/2 Fandom: Marvel Cinematic Universe, The Avengers (Marvel Movies), The Avengers (Marvel) - All Media Types, Black Panther (2018) Rating: General Audiences Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply Relationships: James "Bucky" Barnes & Shuri, James "Bucky" Barnes/Shuri, James "Bucky" Barnes & T'Challa Characters: James "Bucky" Barnes, Shuri (Marvel), T'Challa (Marvel) Additional Tags: Infinity War spoilers, (minor and not the devastating ones), shuri is 18 in IW do i really need to tag this, since infinity war gave me grief i'm shamelessly writing my otp into its fabric, Pre-Relationship, spitefully writing this in light of how infinity war basically ignored the bp end credit scene, Angst, I'm really sorry, (i'm not sorry), (damn you infinity war), infinity war spoilers for real this time, the devastating ones Series: Part 1 of I Wanna Dance With Somebody Summary:

Bucky is offered a replacement arm. A choice. And war is coming.

Chapter 2: we forget to smile Shuri's POV to chapter 1.

[gingerrose-hub]

Chapters: 1/1 Fandom: Star Wars Sequel Trilogy, Star Wars - All Media Types Rating: Mature Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply Relationships: Armitage Hux/Rose Tico, Rey/Ben Solo | Kylo Ren, Rey/Ben Solo, GingerRose, Reylo Additional Tags: Next Gen, this is so CUTE and FLUFFY you're going to need to see a dentist, Rose has a big heart, and she's not afraid to use it, armitage isn't scared of many people but he KNOWS not to cross his wife, Fluff, Gingerrose - Freeform, The Author Regrets Nothing, Pregnancy Series: Part 2 of Hold Me Tight Or Don't Summary:

"...Armitage is going to absolutely lose his mind over this."

"He'll get over it."

Or: Rose Loves All Her Force Sensitive Children And Also Her Completely Stressed Out Husband. Or or: "The Kids Aren't Alright" companion/sequel, this time with Rose POV.

[ao3feedgingerrose]

Just One Yesterday

by cyaneidae

"...I had the weirdest dreams while I was asleep," he says.

"I know you did. While you were awake, too. I was in one of them," she says, face looking lighter and decidedly more amused now.

"...were you? I can't remember that one."

"You..." and she pauses, clearly contemplating if she should continue with her train of thought. "You thought I was someone you cared deeply about. Which, clearly, was a strange dream for your brain to conjure up. Even if it was influenced by sedative medications."

Or: Armitage Hux Catches a Surgical -Itis And Has Crazy Post-Anesthesia Dreams Or or: prequel #2 (#0.5 in the chronological timeline, or a standalone fic, really)

Words: 4465, Chapters: 1/1, Language: English

Series: Part 6 of Hold Me Tight Or Don't

Fandoms: Star Wars Sequel Trilogy, Star Wars - All Media Types

Rating: General Audiences

Warnings: No Archive Warnings Apply

Categories: F/M, Gen

Relationships: Armitage Hux/Rose Tico, GingerRose

Additional Tags: Pre-Relationship, ish, Anesthesia, Surgery, ketamine and propofol are hella drugs, Hurt/Comfort, There Is Only One Bed, Amnesia, Sick Fic, as many tropes as i could fit in one fic, badass women in medicine bc i am shameless

source http://archiveofourown.org/works/22638046

[mariecollinsus-blog]

01-02 LION'S MANE JELLYFISH, Cyanea capillata, Cyaneidae, Norway, North Atlantic Ocean #tananger http://dlvr.it/Q8ZZrr