#CDC and USDA Guidelines

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In this article, we’ll explore the intricacies of importing puppies and the importance of adhering to CDC guidelines, with the assistance of a reliable law firm.

[diabetes-reversal-clinic]

Is Diabetes Caused by Eating Too Much Sugar?

Excess sugar consumption—more than a cola’s worth each day—can contribute to increased fat storage and insulin resistance.

Diabetes is a medical disorder in which the body’s ability to metabolise sugar is impaired. A mismatch between the quantity of sugar in the blood and the hormone insulin causes it. Specialised cells in the pancreas create this hormone. Insulin regulates blood sugar levels by allowing glucose to enter our cells.

Diabetes affects more than one out of every ten Indians, with more than one in every five going undiagnosed. More than 90% of diabetics have type 2 diabetes, a condition in which the body grows resistant to insulin. Type 1 diabetes is triggered by the immune system targeting the pancreatic insulin-producing cells. What causes the immune system to do this is still unknown.

The Body’s Sugar Metabolization

When carbohydrates are consumed, the body breaks them down in the gut to their most basic form, glucose. After then, glucose is taken into the bloodstream.

Insulin is the key that allows glucose to enter cells from the bloodstream. When glucose enters cells, it is used as fuel to generate the energy required to keep the body running.

Extra glucose that is not required for immediate energy generation is stored as fat and can be used to generate energy when needed.

Does Consuming Sugar Increase Your Diabetes Risk?

A healthy amount of sugar is part of a balanced diet. According to the American Heart Association, males should consume no more than nine teaspoons (or 36 grams, or 150 calories) of added sugar per day. It is advised that women consume no more than six tablespoons (25 grams, or 100 calories) each day.

According to the CDC, anyone over the age of two should limit their sugar intake to fewer than 10% of their daily calories. So, if you consume 2,000 calories a day, no more than 200 of them (roughly 12 teaspoons, or 50 grams) should come from sugar.

A 12-ounce standard Coca-Cola contains 39 grams of sugar, a 20-ounce regular Gatorade contains 34 grams of sugar, and a grande Starbucks Pumpkin Spice Latte (with whipped cream and 2% milk) contains 50 grams of sugar.

Excess sugar consumption increases fat storage in the body. Increased fat buildup, particularly in the liver and around internal organs, causes the body to resist insulin action. The pancreas must therefore create more insulin to keep blood glucose levels within a normal range.

If this process of rising blood sugar continues, the pancreas will eventually be unable to keep up with rising insulin production, resulting in type 2 diabetes.

Sugar Substitutes and the Risk of Diabetes

Sugar substitutes can be natural, such as stevia (brand name Truvia), or synthetic, such as saccharin (Sweet’N Low), aspartame (NutraSweet), and sucralose (Splenda). They contribute zero to very little calories to your diet.

While they may not raise blood sugar in the short term, investigations on their long-term impact on weight gain and diabetes risk have yielded conflicting results. As a result, it is recommended that sugar replacements not be used in excess.

Recommendations for Sugar Consumption

Dietary Guidelines for Americans are developed together by the United States Departments of Agriculture (USDA) and Health and Human Services (HHS). These guidelines, like the CDC’s, indicate that added sugar account for no more than 10% of daily calories. Reading the nutrition label on the food you buy will help you keep track of the added sugar.

Sugar can be part of your diet if you choose naturally occurring sugars—those found in nutrient-rich foods like fruits and milk—over processed sugars and consume added sugars in moderation.

Our Outlook –

How are we able to Treat Diabetes Completely?

“Madhumeha” is the term for Diabetes in Ayurveda, which means ‘Sweet urine’. The manifestation of diabetes is through thirst or urination. According to Ayurveda, due to accumulation of Vata Dosha. Vata dosha accumulates in the large intestine and travels to the pancreas, which hampers its functioning.

Sometimes, Pitta Dosha also leads to diabetes. This is when Pitta gets accumulated in the small intestine before moving to the liver and may cause damage to pancreas. As the main constituent of Pitta is Agni, it burns out pancreas leading to Diabetes.

If the above things are taken into consideration, the treatment of Diabetes in Ayurveda starts with proper cleansing of the body and balancing of doshas. The treatment includes herbal combinations that are prepared based on individual Prakruti and Vikruti analysis. Ie. The treatment is based on a person’s body composition & which dosha is dominant. The treatments like Dhara, Udwarthanam, Thalam, etc are followed to reverse diabetes. The treatment also includes Panchakarma & Yoga procedures to address the root cause of disease. We have seen many patients successfully reversing Diabetes and now living a healthy life.

Unlike other treatment procedures that jump straight to symptom management, we address the root-cause of the disease. Our treatment for Diabetes has proved to achieve a near cure and symptom-free state. We focus on diet, use of potent herbs, meditation, massage with herbal oils and yoga. These classical ayurveda practices have proven & shown sustained results in our Diabetes Treatment.

Medically reviewed by Dr. Soumya Hullannavar, Lead Ayurveda Endocrine Specialist at Diabetes Reversal Clinics & EliteAyurveda Clinics. With over 15 years of experience in treating endocrine & diabetes cases

Visit  diabetesreversal.clinic for additional details.

Know more about Ayurveda Diabetes Reversal.

[alpilean0]

A Guide to a Healthy Weight Loss Diet: Online Resources in the USA

Losing weight and adopting a healthy lifestyle is a goal for many individuals in the USA. With the rise of technology, the internet has become a valuable resource for accessing information and support on Weight Loss Healthy Diet Online USA. This article aims to provide an overview of online resources available in the USA to assist you in achieving your weight loss goals through a healthy diet.

Government and Non-Profit Websites:

MyPlate: Managed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), MyPlate offers personalized meal plans, nutrition information, and resources to promote healthy eating. It provides guidance on portion sizes, food groups, and calorie intake to achieve weight loss goals.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): The CDC website offers a wealth of information on weight management, nutrition, and physical activity. It provides evidence-based guidelines, meal plans, and resources for healthy eating and sustainable weight loss.

Mobile Apps and Online Tools:

MyFitnessPal: This popular app helps users track their food intake, set goals, and monitor their progress. It offers a vast food database and can sync with fitness trackers to provide a comprehensive overview of your daily calorie intake and expenditure.

Lose It!: Similar to MyFitnessPal, Lose It! is a user-friendly app that enables you to set weight loss goals, track your meals and exercise, and connect with a supportive community. It also provides personalized meal plans and recipes.

Dietitian and Nutritionist Websites:

Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics: The official website of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics allows you to search for registered dietitians and nutritionists in your area. Consulting a professional can provide personalized guidance and support tailored to your specific needs.

Online Dietitian Services: Several registered dietitians and nutritionists offer online consultation services, providing customized meal plans, nutrition education, and ongoing support. These services can be accessed conveniently from the comfort of your own home.

Online Communities and Support:

Weight Loss Forums and Communities: Joining online weight loss forums and communities can provide a sense of community, motivation, and support. Websites such as SparkPeople, Reddit's r/loseit, and MyFitnessPal's community forums allow you to connect with individuals sharing similar weight loss journeys.

Social Media: Many social media platforms feature weight loss support groups, fitness influencers, and nutrition experts who offer tips, recipes, and inspirational content. Instagram, Facebook, and YouTube are popular platforms for accessing weight loss-related content.

For More Info :-

Buy Detox Diet For Weight Loss in USA

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Key Trends Shaping the Meal Replacement Market

The global meal replacement market size to be valued at $15.5 billion by 2026 and is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% during the forecast period. This growth is attributed to the increasing prevalence of health issues such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, which has prompted consumers to become more aware of weight loss and management diets. Meal replacement products, which provide essential nutrients, fiber, and protein within 200 to 400 calories, have become a convenient and all-inclusive option for individuals seeking a healthier lifestyle. As a result, the demand for meal replacement products is anticipated to continue growing, contributing to the market's expansion.

Download PDF Brochure @ https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/pdfdownloadNew.asp?id=740

Meal Replacement Market Trends

As the global population becomes more health-conscious and the prevalence of overweight issues and diabetes increases, the demand for meal replacement products is expected to grow. Nutritional supplements that aid in weight loss are becoming more relevant as people seek out efficient ways to shed pounds. This increased demand has led to a surge in investment in the market.

However, the high cost of meal replacements compared to conventional meals can be a barrier to growth. The additional manufacturing techniques used to enhance the nutritional value of these products contribute to their higher price point. Despite this challenge, the growing awareness of the benefits of healthy eating habits is expected to fuel the market's growth.

In developing regions, the rising incidence of chronic diseases and obesity rates, combined with an increasing interest in health and nutrition, is driving demand for meal replacement products. As consumers become more aware of the importance of consuming nutritious foods, the market for these products is expected to expand. This presents an opportunity for meal replacement manufacturers to expand their businesses into new markets and meet the needs of a growing population of health-conscious consumers.

Make an Inquiry @ https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Enquiry_Before_BuyingNew.asp?id=740

North America dominated the meal replacement market and is projected to grow with a CAGR of 4.3% during the forecast period (2021- 2026)

North America accounted for the largest market share of 29.5% in 2020 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.6% during the forecast period. CDC suggests that chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and stroke, affect six out of ten Americans. Chronic illnesses are the main contributors to health care costs as well as the major causes of death and disability in the United States.

Dietary Guidelines for Americans (Dietary Guidelines), provided by the US health department, offer recommendations to satisfy nutrient requirements, advance health and fend off diseases The Dietary Guidelines are updated and published every five years by the US Departments of Health and Human Services (HHS) and Agriculture (USDA). The presence of health policies focusing on healthy eating and improved lifestyle choices, together with the willingness of consumers to spend on meal replacement products, contribute to the larger share of the US.

The key players in this market include Abbott Laboratories (US), Amway (US), Glanbia PLC (Ireland), Herbalife Nutrition (US), and Nestle (Switzerland).

[honkifurhoary]

Emmanuel the Emu: A Story of HPAI Mismanagement

Emmanuel, the TikTok-famous emu owned by Taylor Blake of Knuckle Bump Farms, made national news last month when Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) hit the farm. According to Blake’s initial Twitter thread, Knuckle Bump Farms lost 99% of their avian flock- over 50 individuals- in only three days. These deaths were attributed both to the disease itself and to a cull carried out by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, who did so with Blake’s permission. Emmanuel and a black swan named Rico were the only two survivors, with Emmanuel left unable to stand, unwilling to eat or drink, and quickly fading. Hundreds of thousands rallied behind Emmanuel on social media as Blake documented Emmanuel’s progress, reaching out to public figures like Dr. Pol of The Incredible Dr. Pol and Bindi Erwin of Crikey! It’s the Irwins for help when she failed to find any other sources for emu rehabilitation. But soon, controversy emerged.

Early on, avian influenza experts expressed concern that Blake was not wearing any PPE when interacting with a presumably HPAI-positive bird. Avian influenza is transmissible from bird to human which, combined with the virus’ ability to mix genes and rapidly change, means that PPE is universally recommended when dealing with a suspected or confirmed HPAI outbreak.

In response to concerns, Blake explained that “Emmanuel freaks out whenever we approach him wearing a mask” and that the farm is on a state-mandated quarantine for 150 days, which is the amount of time HPAI is estimated to survive in the environment under ideal conditions. This quarantine reportedly only allowed Blake, Blake’s girlfriend Kristian Haggerty, Blake’s family, and veterinary professionals to enter the property. “I have taken every precaution recommended by the FDA” Blake stated, referencing the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS) rather than the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Many people, including HPAI experts, found this explanation unsatisfactory and instead decided to contact the FDACS and USDA directly. Both the FDACS and USDA work collaboratively to manage avian influenza outbreaks in Florida. Dr. Danielle Stanek of the Florida Department of Health clarified that the DOH can recommend that private individuals comply with CDC guidelines, which includes wearing full PPE when interacting with HPAI-infected birds, but they cannot mandate that they do so. Therefore, Blake’s decision to forgo PPE was hers to make, even if it wasn’t in accordance with the recommendations of the FDACS, CDC, USDA, and Florida DOH.

Just as discourse between experts and Emmanuel fans reached its peak, Blake announced that Emmanuel tested negative for HPAI. Instead, Emmanuel’s sudden decline was attributed to stress. “Emus are incredibly susceptible to stress. He was incredibly overwhelmed by the state coming in and euthanizing our flock . . . He stopped eating the day they depopulated.” His lingering issues- the inability to stand or walk independently, twisted neck (torticollis), continued inappetence and dehydration, and lethargy- were caused by a nighttime collapse that left Emmanuel “thrashing on the ground for hours, trying to get himself up”. “He never once had a single symptom of AI, other than not eating”, Blake stated.

HPAI symptoms in birds varies depending on the species and the individual. In chickens, HPAI often presents as respiratory and digestive distress, followed quickly by death. In other poultry species, symptoms may also include the nervous system, causing “tremors, twisted necks, paralyzed wings, laying down and pedaling”. Ratites- referring to the diverse group of keel-less birds that include emus, ostriches, rheas, kiwis, and cassowaries- also tend to develop neurological symptoms. Notably, emus can present with twisted necks (torticollis), ataxia (discoordination), leg and wing paralysis, inability to stand, decreased food and water consumption, purple discoloration or swelling of the legs and head, and lethargy. This corresponds with many of the symptoms Blake has documented in Emmanuel. And it should, considering that Emmanuel did test positive for HPAI.

Test results completed on October 27th, 2022 at the USDA’s National Veterinary Services Laboratories showed that Emmanuel’s serum sample, collected six days after the start of the outbreak, contained antibody levels that were consistent with recent infection.

When Blake announced Emmanuel’s stress diagnosis, she was likely relying on information provided by a rapid test, which can provide results within 48 hours. These tests detect viral proteins that indicate active infection and virus shedding. Serology tests, on the other hand, look for the presence of antibodies produced in response to infection, not necessarily active infection. For an indeterminate number of days prior to the sample collection (October 17, 2022) Emmanuel had an active HPAI infection that, rather than stress, likely led to his rapid decline.

Why, then, was Emmanuel not included in the state’s cull on Knuckle Bump Farms? An email between Dr. Michael Short, the FDACS’ Animal Industry Director, and Kassandra Curiel of the FDACS’ Office of the Commissioner, answers this question. Dr. Short states that “USDA guidance is that ratites (emus and ostriches), black swans and exotic pet birds do not have to be euthanized due to lower risk”. Blake echoes this on her Twitter, when she says that “the state only focused on the “super spreaders” which are poultry species and ducks. Ratites aren’t included because they typically aren’t as susceptible.”.

This allowed Knuckle Bump Farms’ four emus (Emily, Eliza, Elliot, and Emmanuel) and three black swans (two unnamed females and Rico), to be exempted from the cull. I cannot find any reference, either in USDA literature or anywhere else, that supports Dr. Short’s statement. In fact, all the literature that I reviewed and all the experts I talked to during my research only confirmed the devastating effects that HPAI can have on both ratites and black swans. This, coupled with the fact that three of Knuckle Bump Farms’ four emus and two of their three black swans died when “the virus hit them extremely hard and very quickly”, calls Dr. Short’s statement into question.

The USDA was also unable to substantiate Dr. Short’s statement. When asked how exemptions to culls were determined they explained that, rather than look at individual species, the USDA classifies HPAI-infected domestic birds as either commercial, backyard poultry, or backyard non-poultry. These definitions ascribe risk of potential HPAI spread by determining the level of contact a poultry premise has with other poultry premises. If a private farm or private household, where the poultry does not have any contact with poultry beyond the property, has an outbreak then they are classified as a non-poultry premises, even if they have chickens, turkeys, or other poultry birds. These non-poultry premises can thus be exempted from culling all their birds by being placed on quarantines by state officials, provided that they adhere to the quarantine and continue to not have contact with any poultry facilities. Knuckle Bump Farms does not sell poultry products; therefore, they were classified as backyard non-poultry and eligible for quarantine. The FDACS seems to have added their own interpretation onto this guidance when they specify ratites, black swans, and exotic pet birds as “lower risk”. I reached out to Dr. Short for comment but received no response.

This isn’t the only time Dr. Short and, by extension, the FDACS demonstrated faulty logic. In that same email between him and Curiel, Dr. Short used this comparison to explain why a citizen’s concern about Emmanuel’s exemption from the cull was unfounded.

“I have heard of only one report of a clinically ill human, over the past 1.5 years of a national response to the current avian flu outbreak. The risk of HPAI to the owner is much less than occurred with household pets that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Covid).  I am assuming no one would advocate to euthanize all pets testing positive for Covid (At least I have not heard of anyone asking us to euthanize pets).

The risk of avian influenza is constantly occurring with all the wild birds in South Florida.  My understanding (not being a human health expert) is the risk to people, especially children and those immuno-compromised at public or private lakes, ponds and waterways from the AI being shed by water fowl is much greater than the sick emu at knuckle bump farm.”

Dr. Ben Golas, a VMD and postdoc with the USGS who is currently working on avian influenza research, weighed in. “It’s a bit like comparing apples and oranges to talk about risk of transmission of COVID vs. HPAI. With COVID, our primary concern is human-to-human contact. [. . .] With HPAI, farm animals are euthanized not only because the disease spreads within the farm flock like wildfire, but also to prevent spreading infection locally to other farms, because HPAI virus can be stable in the environment.”

The CDC agrees. “There is no evidence that animals play a significant role in spreading SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, to people. […] It’s important to remember that people are much more likely to get COVID-19 from other people than from animals. There is no need to euthanize or otherwise harm animals infected with SARS-CoV-2.” When it comes to HPAI, however, they emphasize that human-to-human spread is rare and often limited to only a few individuals. Bird-to-human transmission is the primary method of human infection, with each new infection increasing the risk that a new, more virulent strain will emerge. This, along with the potential for massive bird-to-bird outbreaks that could devastate both wildlife and industry, is why complete depopulation (euthanasia) is standard for HPAI and not COVID-19.

The FDACS seems to be operating on contradicting and unsubstantiated information when it comes to managing HPAI outbreaks. Unsurprisingly, the employees seem equally conflicted in their internal emails regarding Knuckle Bump Farms. One Florida USDA representative noted, while forwarding a citizen concern about Blake’s lack of PPE, that “her face is real close to a bird that has HPAI”. Another USDA employee responded “actually, in one of the pictures she appears to be kissing it on the head.”. Dr. Kendra Stauffer of the USDA wrote, “. . . part of the allowing the pet bird to live was that there were rules the owner was to follow from DOH, which clearly she is not”.

Other employees, however, were eager to show their support. Commissioner Nikki Fried of the FDACS posted a photo of her, Blake, and Haggerty, and later posted a photo of herself drinking Knuckle Bump Farms’ branded beer while wearing an Emmanuel t-shirt.

Fried’s support generated a lot of concern, particularly amongst local farmers. One Florida emu farmer stated, “my disappointment and concern is 100% with the actions of Nikki Fried as Agricultural Commissioner to allow some birds to be exempt from depopulation, including emus, for no quantifiable reason. Emus are susceptible to HPAI. Emus in other states have contracted HPAI in this current outbreak and they either died on their own or were put down. Research shows they are susceptible to HPAI, and can spread it to other birds and humans. The decision by Fried and FDACS makes no sense and it sets a dangerous precedent.”

Considering that Blake has over 847.4K followers on Twitter, 938K on Instagram, and 2.4 million on TikTok, the precedent the FDACS and USDA have set here is, indeed, dangerous. Many of Blake’s followers learned about avian influenza for the first time through her documentation of Emmanuel’s illness and the state’s response to the outbreak. “I watch for Emmanuel updates every day! This has also been a great lesson for many people in farming education.”, one follower said. Another echoed this sentiment, saying “Thank you for taking the time to let us know what’s going on, and answering questions. You truly are an educator”.

Herein lies the problem. Knuckle Bump Farms is a small, backyard operation. Through social media, however, they reach millions. This specific outbreak of HPAI and its subsequent (mis-)management by the FDACS and USDA has now set the standard for many, rather than the exception. Blake’s public failure to comply with PPE recommendations, the lack of transparency regarding Emmanuel’s true diagnosis, a similar lack of transparency within the FDACS and USDA regarding this outbreak, exemptions to cull protocols made with seemingly no supporting data, and a publicly-elected official openly (and financially) supporting Blake through this process, all pose a serious threat to public confidence in HPAI management and future public health. The concerns of farmers, virologists, public health workers and organizations, wildlife rehabilitators, and animal sanctuaries have been ignored, particularly when they asked whether Emmanuel’s fame and the risk of public backlash led to the FDACS’ decision to leave him and several other symptomatic birds alive. It seems, through this research, that there is more support for this theory than the narrative we’ve been provided until now. It is my hope that, with the publishing of this information, the very real concerns raised by people directly effected by HPAI will be given the weight they deserve.

Please take this opportunity to learn about avian influenza from reputable sources:

Protecting Birds from Avian Influenza

Avian influenza and PPE

CDC Avian Influenza

USDA HPAI Response Plan

Florida Avian Influenza Update (Oct 2022)

A huge thank you to the following experts who generously answered my questions: Dr. Ben Golas, Dr. Jim Wellehan, and Dr. Jennifer Riley.

[cssoe-blog]

How You Can Help Prevent Antibiotic Resistance

Helping to prevent the unfold of drug-resistant micro organism can be as easy as exercising your rights as a affected person and client.

Repeated, fallacious use of antibiotics—in both people and animals—drives drug resistance amongst bacteria and has made a few types of bacteria definitely indestructible to modern medicine.

These microscopic “superbugs” sicken up to 2 million Americans a year and kill at the least 23,000, in step with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

While some groups, political representatives, and contributors of the clinical network are taking preventive and proactive steps to forestall these risky and high-priced infections, sufferers and clients can take antibiotic stewardship into their very own hands with the aid of making knowledgeable choices on the grocery save, at home, and at the physician’s office.

At the grocery store Consumers communicate the loudest with their dollars.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) says that 80 percentTrusted Source of all antibiotics offered in the U.S. Are given to food animals for growth promoting and disease prevention.

Antibiotics are the most effective varieties of pills whose use via one lifestyles shape impacts the health of some other, and the greater they’re used, the much less effective they grow to be.

The ordinary administration of antibiotics in low doses—inclusive of the way they are given to livestock and chicken in their feed and water—gives bacteria ample experience to conform around them. These bacteria continue to exist in the animals’ bodies and are still present whilst their meat makes it into stores.

About 48 million people get meals poisoning every 12 months, and some bacteria observed on uncooked meat can be lethal. Last year, the FDATrusted Source announced drug-resistant bacterial contamination in eighty one percentage of floor turkey, sixty nine percent of pork chops, fifty five percent of ground red meat, and 39 percent of chook sampled in grocery stores.

Every time you keep for meat at your community grocer, you can make a selection which could interrupt this technique: You can assist guard yourself via deciding on antibiotic-free meats, which are to be had in extra grocery stores and eating places than ever before.

Chains inclusive of Trader Joe’s, Whole Foods, Kroger, Costco, and Safeway offer antibiotic-loose meats. If you can’t discover them at your community shop, ask the grocery store to remember carrying those items.

Avoid meat from factory farms that depend upon antibiotics to make up for cramped, unsanitary situations—a exercise that may result in antibiotic resistance. For example, Foster Farms chickens raised this manner carried multidrug-resistant Salmonella that sickened 574 humans last yearTrusted Source.

But customer pay attention: Much like the time period “all herbal,” many antibiotic-related statements on packaging may be misleading or are undefined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA).

The USDA’s Food Safety and Inspection Service lists “no antibiotics delivered” as an appropriate time period for meat and hen labels. The time period can be used on labels “for meat or fowl merchandise if sufficient documentation is supplied with the aid of the manufacturer to the Agency demonstrating that the animals have been raised without antibiotics.”

Concerned with antibiotic-associated labeling, Consumers Union—Consumer Reports’ advocacy arm—sent a letter to Tom Vilsack, head of the USDA, for clarifications regarding positive claims observed on meals packaging, consisting of “No Antibiotic Growth Promotants,” “Antibiotic Free,” and “No Antibiotic Residues.” Vilsack responded that “raised without antibiotics” approach no antibiotics had been used inside the animal’s feed or water, or via injections, over the course of its existence.

Washing your fingers frequently while preparing meals and continually after handling uncooked meat, to avoid pass-infection between raw meat and other foods, also can assist lessen your risk of getting sick.

At domestic Antibacterial cleaning merchandise aren’t as protective as their advertisements claim. Use antibacterial products sparingly and most effective when appropriate. Regular soap is a natural antibiotic, and professionals say right hand washingTrusted Source is sufficient to hold human beings safe.

“Really, simple cleaning soap and water works sincerely nicely for nearly the whole lot. Using it continuously is a great aspect,” Dr. Michael Bell, deputy director of the CDC’s Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, said. “For habitual day in and day trip use, at my house I use a pleasant cleaning soap that smells like flora. That's first-rate. You do not need something unique.”

Bell recommends the usage of alcohol-primarily based hand sanitizer while journeying thru the airport to prevent spreading ailment. Antibacterial soaps, he stated, are beneficial for cleansing your body before surgery.

According to the CDCTrusted Source, research have shown there’s no introduced fitness benefit to the usage of antibacterial cleaning soap in regular situations. And lab research have related antibacterial chemicals in cleansing merchandise to bacterial resistance.

The FDA proposed a rule in December that could require antibacterial soap manufacturers to show the protection in their merchandise so as to hold them in the marketplace as categorised.

“Due to customers’ vast publicity to the components in antibacterial soaps, we trust there need to be a without a doubt proven advantage from the use of antibacterial soap to balance any capability chance,” Dr. Janet Woodcock, director of the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, said in a statementTrusted Source.

At the doctor's office Being your personal first-class endorse can assist hold you safe. Other drivers of drug resistance in bacteria are the improper use and the overuse of antibiotics in humans.

One survey discovered that 36 percentage of AmericansTrusted Source incorrectly consider antibiotics are an powerful treatment for viral infections.

Requesting antibiotics from your physician for treatment of a viral infection—particularly the common bloodless, flu, or acute bronchitis—won’t do your signs any suitable. Most commonplace infections are pleasant dealt with with over the counter products and sufficient rest.

Or, as Dr. Anna Julien, an emergency care medical doctor, tells her patients, “Your body will evidently contend with this in case you contend with your self: Sleep extra, get extra fluids, take a day or  off work to recover, and forestall going for walks round stressing your self out over the little matters.”

Many problems related to antibiotic use may be averted if the patient acts as his or her own pleasant suggest, Bell said. Experts provide the following guidelines:

Don’t demand antibiotics in case your doctor says they’re needless. If your medical doctor prescribes antibiotics, ask if she or he is positive the contamination is bacterial. Take all antibiotics as prescribed, and usually whole the whole path of drugs. Don’t give your antibiotics to a person else, and don’t take antibiotics that have been prescribed for some other character. Make positive your physician has washed his or her arms very well before performing a method, along with placing a catheter—and ask every day whether or not the catheter ought to come out. Ask your healthcare team individuals what they're doing to help save you antibiotic resistance and whether or not their facility has an antibiotic stewardship application. If you can, choose a health center with an antibiotic stewardship program. Take someone with you for your doctor appointments. “Go with a cherished one,” Bell said. “Take turns being the horrific man.”

[rougepoptart]

#Eating fat, and not storing it is an #essential balance of #diet and #exercise. Fat has either been marked as the harbinger of #death or the savior of #immortality—here are some cool facts on dietary fats and also some guidelines set by the #cdc #fda #usda #ama #aha to help or more a #healthier #lifestyle - - #food#fats#lipids#midsection#gut#dash#mediterranean#mediterraneandiet#oliveoils#oils#nuts#salmon#omega3#health#medicine#publichealth#rougepoptart https://www.instagram.com/p/B2iZXlyFG_K/?igshid=wmxj5i9br9go

[beastfast]

Kiinde Kozii Baby Bottle Warmer and Breast Milk Warmer with Safe Warm Water Bath Technology and Auto Shutoff for Warming Breast Milk, Infant Formula and Baby Food Price: [price_with_discount] Customer satisfaction rating 4 (according to Amazon product Details) The Kiinde (pronounced type) kozii allows parents to safely and quickly heat breast milk, formula and food stored in bags, bottles or jars of all shapes, sizes and materials. It is the first and only warmer designed specifically to follow all the guidelines set forth by the CDC (Centers for Disease Control) and the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture) to safely thaw and warm breast milk with warm water. and current. Patent-pending safe-heat technology allows for high-speed heating using a nutrient-safe, low-temperature water bath that is safe for breast milk. The built-in timer eliminates the risk of overheating. The result is a bottle warmer that is safer, more accurate, faster, and easier to use than conventional warmers that use high-temperature steam. The high temperature of these types of warmers can be harmful to the antibodies and nutrients contained in breast milk. Kozii's warming chamber is designed to accommodate a full 8-ounce bag of frozen breast milk and quickly bring it to serving temperature. Safe heat ensures that the contents of the warmer always reach the same temperature as easily as possible. A simple, easy-to-read timer allows parents to set the desired heating time by simply turning the knob. When the time is up, heating stops completely, eliminating the risk of overheating, even if the bottle or bag is left in the warmer for longer than intended. Here at Kiinde, we take customer service very seriously. If you have any questions or concerns, please feel free to contact us (our support email address can be found on our website). Feed your baby in the fastest and easiest way. Try kozii today! PVC free. No nitrosamine. The absence of moving parts in the heating chamber makes the Kozii Pro durable and reliable. A GREAT BABY SHOWER GIFT: Every new mom knows that convenience is key when it comes to feeding a baby. Kozii is a great way to heat expressed breast milk, baby formula, or baby food as gently and quickly as possible. It's a great product to use in conjunction with other accessories, including a breast pump, bottle frother, and bottle set. Put one of these baby registry bestsellers on your registry today! UNIVERSAL WARMING CHAMBER: Kozii's warming chamber is designed for pouches, sachets, bottles, and jars alike and is great for new moms. It's gentle enough to thaw frozen breast milk and powerful enough to heat pureed baby food. Heats food to the perfect temperature for baby so you don't have to worry about overheating. You can use Kozii from birth to the first years of life. PRESERVES NUTRIENTS IN BREAST MILK: Breast milk is full of great things! That's why Kozii uses gentle heat to preserve the unique set of nutrients found in breast milk. She won't have to worry about the integrity of the vitamins, minerals, amino acids, enzymes, and white blood cells found naturally in breast milk. HEATS MANY CONTAINERS AND MATERIALS: Kozii can heat virtually any reusable or disposable container, including milk storage bags, milk bags, baby bottles, food jars, or baby bottles. It can handle both frozen and thawed breast milk and is great for heating baby formula. Bottle steamers can easily overheat and are not effective for all materials. That's why Kozii uses warm, gently flowing water. #Kiinde #Kozii #Baby #Bottle #Warmer #Breast #Milk #Warmer #Safe #Warm #Water #Bath #Technology #Auto #Shutoff #Warming #Breast #Milk #Infant #Formula #Baby #Food See more related items: Kiinde Kozii Baby Bottle Warmer and Breast Milk Warmer with Safe Warm Water Bath Technology and Auto Shutoff for Warming Breast Milk, Infant Formula and Baby Food Read More: This site is affiliated with Amazon

[inthenight-inthedark]

Ok so local biologist here who was curious so I did a bit of digging

The FDA (see part 37), CDC, and USDA all list sodium hypochlorite - which is commonly known as chlorine bleach - as food safe, however, each comes with stipulations.

The problem I see with using chlorine bleach for cleaning dishes is two fold. First, not everyone is going to carefully read their bleach bottle to ensure that it has no fragrances, thickeners, or other chemicals that are not food grade. Second, the concentration of the bleach cannot be guaranteed if you are not adequately measuring. Guidelines for measuring out the proper concentration have been given in common terms, which in my experience is not always accurate or appropriate.

Anecdotally, I only have used bleach for cleaning dishes when it applied to my work in a virology lab. We were working in much stronger concentrations due to the nature of our work, however, the degradation of our items due to bleach was frightening.

If you were to use bleach to clean your dishes, I highly recommend doing some research of your own to ensure you are doing it in a safe way. I also would avoid using it on porous surfaces, especially plastic or wood, because you cannot guarantee that the pores have not retained some of the bleach. Not only that, porous surfaces will likely degrade quickly.

If you aren’t willing to do the research, please know that antimicrobial soap - such as Dawn - and hot water are extremely effective and an accepted practice of cleaning, even lab-grade materials. Of the two choices, this one is probably safer in the long run

TL/DR: technically bleach is not not food safe but do your research first

hi! if you’re up for it, tag w your thoughts on using (small amounts of) bleach when washing the dishes?

[metiresearchinfo]

Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market by Product (Kits & Reagents, Analyzers), Technology (Hematology, Immunodiagnostics, Mdx), Disease (Infectious, Metabolic), Animal (Companion, Livestock), End User (Diagnostic Labs, Hospitals, Clinics) - Global Forecast to 2029

The Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 10.6% from 2022 to 2029 to reach $2.32 billion by 2029. The high growth of the veterinary PoC diagnostics market is mainly attributed to the advancements in PoC testing and its benefits over other methods of veterinary diagnostics. Moreover, factors such as growing pet adoption and growing pet population, rising demand for animal-derived food products, adoption of pet insurance, and increase in pet expenditure are also expected to support market growth. In addition to that, emerging countries provide increasing growth opportunities for players operating in the veterinary PoC diagnostics market. However, the dearth of veterinary practitioners poses a challenge to this market's growth.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market

As governments worldwide initiated social distancing and self-isolation guidelines, the market players experienced reduced or delayed operations. Veterinary clinics and hospitals received fewer patient visits because of the resources directed towards humans and emergencies. The travel restrictions and lockdown restrictions in the first half of 2020 resulted in decreased visits of patients to veterinary clinics and hospitals. As meat-producing plants were also temporarily shut down, there was a reduction in meat production and decreased adoption of diagnostics products. In addition to that, installation and shipments of devices and instruments in PoC labs and hospitals were delayed due to the stringent travel restrictions. The companies operating in this market had to delay their R&D activities due to delayed shipments of samples, devices, and components and increased shipping costs. Moreover, on-field testing and local collaboration were suspended due to the pandemic.

However, COVID-19 infections were reported in companion animals near the people infected with the virus. For instance, in June 2020, the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) announced the first confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) infection in a pet dog (German shepherd) in New York state.

In 2020, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (U.S.) issued guidelines for testing companion, livestock, zoo, and wild animals for epidemiologic investigation. In addition to that, In response to SARS-CoV-2 infections in animals living with infected patients, several studies are underway to access the PoC test for detecting infections. For instance, in November 2021, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health (Germany) conducted research on the impact of animal saliva on the performance of rapid antigen tests for detecting SARS-CoV-2. This study concluded that rapid antigen tests could be used as a point-of-care surveillance tool in animals with SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Click here to: Get Free Request Sample Copy of this report

Rising Prevalence of Animal Diseases to Drive the Growth of the Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market

Global urbanization is causing increasingly frequent contact between wildlife, human and domestic animal populations, resulting in increased zoonotic disease spillover from wildlife populations. Animal rearing, slaughter, preparation, and food consumption practices can further promote the transmission of infectious animal and zoonotic diseases. Animals can sometimes appear healthy even when carrying germs that make people sick, depending on the zoonotic disease. As animals also provide food for consumption, foodborne zoonotic diseases are caused by consuming food or water contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms. According to CDC, more than 6 out of every ten known infectious diseases in people can be spread from animals, and 3 out of every four new or emerging infectious diseases in people come from animals.

According to WHO, an estimated 600 million, i.e., almost 1 in 10 people worldwide, fall ill from consuming contaminated food every year. Children under five years of age are at a particularly high risk of carrying 40% of the burden of foodborne diseases, with 125,000 children dying from foodborne diseases every year. Diarrheal diseases are the most common illnesses resulting from the consumption of contaminated food, causing 550 million people to fall ill and 230,000 deaths every year (Source: WHO). According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), in 2020, nearly 18,462 foodborne disease infections were witnessed in the U.S., including 4,788 hospitalizations and 118 deaths. Also, WHO states that the total productivity loss associated with foodborne disease in low-and middle-income countries was USD 110 billion in 2020.

As zoonotic diseases spread from animals to humans and from humans to animals, 61% of the infectious diseases affecting humans are zoonotic; 75% of new or emerging diseases worldwide are zoonotic. Thus, PoC diagnosis and management decisions can prevent onward transmission of infectious pathogens, protecting the health and wellbeing of human and animal populations worldwide and potentially containing epidemics that would otherwise have serious and far‐reaching consequences.

Key Findings of the Global Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market Study:

In 2022, the Immunodiagnostics Segment is Estimated to Dominate the Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market

Based on technology, the immunodiagnostics segment is estimated to account for the largest share of this market in 2022. Immunodiagnostics tests are easy to use and cost-effective. In addition, up to three rapid tests can be done to screen components with a single sample, and advancements in immunodiagnostics techniques further support the growth of this segment.

In 2022, the Kits & Reagents Segment is Estimated to Account for the Largest Share of the Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market

Based on product, in 2022, the kits & reagents segment is expected to account for the largest share of the veterinary PoC diagnostics market. The largest share of this segment is mainly attributed to the increasing demand for rapid disease diagnosis, commercial availability of a diverse range of reagents & consumables for various diseases & animal health screening, increasing demand for rapid disease diagnosis, and the emergence of various PoC tests and assays.

The Companion Animals Segment is Estimated to Grow at the Highest CAGR During the Forecast Period

Based on animal type, the companion animals segment is estimated to register the fastest growth during the forecast period. Factors such as the growing pet population, adoption of pet insurance, and increase in pet expenditure are some of the factors driving the growth of this segment.

Asia Pacific: Fastest Growing Market

At the regional level, in 2022, North America is expected to account for the largest share of the veterinary PoC diagnostics market. On the other hand, Asia-Pacific is projected to grow at the highest CAGR during the forecast period due to the large livestock population and rising incidence of various zoonotic diseases.

Key Players

The report includes a competitive landscape based on extensive assessment of the product portfolio offerings, geographic presences, and key strategic developments in leading industry market players over the past four years. The key players profiled in the global veterinary PoC diagnostics market are IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. (U.S.), Zoetis Inc. (U.S.), Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (U.S.), Heska Corporation (U.S), Neogen Corporation (U.S.), Eurolyser Diagnostica GmbH (Austria), Woodley Equipment Company Ltd. (U.K.), Randox Laboratories Ltd. (U.K.), AniPOCLtd (U.K.), and Virbac (France).

Scope of the Report:

Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market, by Product

Kits & Reagents

Analyzers

Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market, by Disease

Infectious Diseases

Metabolic Diseases

Others

Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market, by Technology

Clinical Biochemistry

Immunodiagnostics

Molecular Diagnostics

Hematology

Urinalysis

Other Technologies

Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market, by Animal Type

Companion Animals

Livestock Animals

Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market, by End User

Veterinary Hospitals & Clinics

Diagnostic Labs

Home Care Settings

Veterinary PoC Diagnostics Market, by Geography

North America

Europe

Asia-Pacific (APAC)

Latin America

Middle East & Africa

U.S.

Canada

Germany

France

U.K.

Italy

Spain

Rest of Europe (RoE)

Japan

China

India

Rest of APAC (RoAPAC)

[kedreeva]

I know this is already long, but I'm adding on a list of resources and prevention methods for if you own flock birds (poultry, waterfowl, game fowl etc)

USDA APHIS information on HPAI

USDA APHIS Guidelines for protecting your flock

USDA APHIS 2022 Detections updates

CDC Avian Influenza Index

CDC Guidance on HPAI in birds and other species

CDC Info on AI (general)

AVMA Guidance on HPAI in cats

NPR on HPAI (yikes, death toll is up to 22+ million apparently)

EPA Guidance on carcass management

OSHA Guidance on preventing human infection

2012 USDA report on cats/dogs as afflicted species

2018 NIH Article on HPAI in cats (H5N6)

UK Government HPAI information index (because the UK is also experiencing an outbreak)

UK Government "Stop the Spread" webinars

Canada is also starting to detect positive cases, so it's heading your way next.

Searching the web for "HPAI guidelines 2022" brings up a bunch of links to state agricultural departments pages regarding HPAI in individual states, which should have info about who to contact and what to do if you think you have a positive case. You can find a lot of official scientific info with quick searches, because this is very serious.

Prevention Info for Backyard Flocks

Coop your birds if possible, inside of the entirely enclosed wooden part

If your coop is too small, cover the top of your run completely with waterproof tarp to prevent fecal matter from entering the run. Ensure it is able to drain 2+ feet away from the wall of your run, so that it doesn't just infect your soil anyway

Do not allow free ranging. They're gonna be mad, but they'll be alive to be mad.

If your run has anything other than 1/2" hardware cloth for wire, wrap it in 1/2 mesh bird netting to exclude wild birds from getting in.

Sanitize footwear in 10% bleach before entering any enclosure. Bleach solution must be made daily as it degrades fast, contact kill time is usually anywhere from 3-10 minutes. Alternately, keep footwear exclusive to the run in a bin just outside the run, and use those only inside the run. Do not share footwear between enclosures.

Sanitize equipment with 10% bleach

Do not share equipment between coops if you have more than one

Do not allow visitors on your property; if you must, have them park as far from your birds as they can, and sanitize their footwear in 10% solution before allowing them to travel your property.

Do not visit properties or events which will have birds

Do not bring in new birds. If new birds must be brought in, follow quarantine procedures; 30 days isolation away from your flock, perform their chores last, followed by introducing 1 of your current flock to the quarantine area for 2 weeks. (though if new arrivals are not dead in the first week, they likely don't have HPAI, as it kills within the first 3 days of infection... but quarantine is always a good thing because birds can have lots of nasty diseases).

Keep an eye out for signs of disease, and contact your designated state department to have testing done on any sudden deaths in your flock. Signs of HPAI in poultry can include sudden death; lack of energy, appetite, and coordination; purple discoloration or swelling of various body parts; diarrhea; nasal discharge; coughing; sneezing; and reduced egg production, or soft-shelled or misshapen eggs.

Even if you don't have any confirmed cases in your state, consider at least making a plan for what you're going to do if it heads your way or pops up nearby. Being prepared makes this a LOT easier to deal with.

I'm going to bed. If you have questions, try a search engine first. Right now this post contains basically everything, and links to find out anything the post is missing.

This post is current as of 6 April 2022.

Ughhhh. HPAI (highly pathogenic avian influenza) has made it to Michigan backyard flocks. It's still across the state from me but that won't last, and it's been found in backyard flocks in several other states now as well. AI is a flock eradicator; if any of your birds get it, the whole flock must be culled and there's a wait period before you can start over.

PLEASE bring in your bird feeders for the next few months to discourage birds from gathering together.

Even if you don't have outdoor birds like me, you can help protect flock birds in your area by removing feeders and bird baths etc from your yard. This will help to slow the spread to flocks like mine.

If you are in the USA and have flock birds

Bring them in if you can. If you only have a couple, set them up indoors if you can. If you're like me and you can't, do your best to move food and water sources into the coops where wild birds won't see them. You can buy bird prevention netting to wrap your run in, and tarp the top of it to prevent falling excrement from reaching your birds as wild birds pass overhead.

It should go without saying, but I'm gonna say it. You should also avoid going to places where others have birds (like auctions, swap meets, visiting farms or friends that have them), or allowing anyone that's been where there are birds to visit your property. If you must have visitors, a 10% bleach solution in a tub for them to step in is the bare minimum of biosecurity so they don't track it in on their shoes.

There are tests for Avian Influenza, which can be done without killing the birds. If you are concerned your birds may be showing symptoms of AI (sudden deaths, decrease in egg production, decrease in water intake, or other illness symptoms), you should contact your state agricultural department (in Michigan, MSU ag department and MDARD handles this kind of stuff, not sure for other states) and inquire about what steps to take to have testing done. They will be able to advise you on what to do.

Good luck to those in states where this is moving around widely now. I hope everyone's flocks stay safe. Please feel free to add resources for your state if you know them. Many states offer free AI testing!

[ananya5400]

Meal Replacement Market Projected to Garner Significant Revenues by 2026

The global meal replacement market as per revenue was estimated to be worth $11.9 million in 2021 and is poised to reach $15.5 billion by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 5.4% from 2021 to 2026. Chronic diseases continue to loom over global public health as a persistent threat. According to the UN, by 2030, chronic diseases will account for 70% of all deaths worldwide and 56% of the global disease burden. However, there is hope. Making small yet impactful lifestyle changes such as maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, and a balanced diet can reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases by up to 80%. As a result, individuals and groups are embracing new behavior changes, such as incorporating meal replacements into their diets to meet their nutritional needs.

Download PDF Brochure @  https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/pdfdownloadNew.asp?id=740

Meal replacements are becoming increasingly popular as they provide a complete range of balanced and sufficient nutrients, helping consumers prioritize their health and adopt more health-promoting diets. As a result, the market for meal replacements is expected to expand as more people prioritize their health and wellbeing.

The emergence of plant-based and vegan meal replacement products

Meal replacements made from vegan ingredients are stocked with plant protein, fiber, good fats, and vital vitamins and minerals. A new breed of fluid meals called vegan meal replacements can perfectly substitute regular food. Some meal replacements come in single-serving bottles that are ready-to-eat (drink), making them a fantastic alternative for food on-the-go, while others are available as a powder that can be combined with milk or water to produce a shake. They are delicious and nutrient-dense. Specifically designed for patients and athletes, the US-based Vejii Holdings launched a plant-based meal replacement called Heal in 2021 that includes plant-based protein, powdered fruits and vegetables, anti-inflammatory superfood extracts, probiotics, and prebiotics.

High costs of meal replacement products

A nutritious meal replacement is more expensive than a conventional meal as additional manufacturing processes are required to increase the product's nutritional value. It may deter the growth of the meal replacement market. The high expense of meal replacement is linked to the increased cost of research, development, and personalization.

Make an Inquiry @  https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Enquiry_Before_BuyingNew.asp?id=740

North American Dominance in Meal Replacements

North America accounted for the largest market share of 29.5% in 2020 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 4.6% during the forecast period. CDC suggests that chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and stroke, affect six out of ten Americans. Chronic illnesses are the main contributors to health care costs as well as the major causes of death and disability in the United States.

Dietary Guidelines for Americans (Dietary Guidelines), provided by the US health department, offer recommendations to satisfy nutrient requirements, advance health and fend off diseases  The Dietary Guidelines are updated and published every five years by the US Departments of Health and Human Services (HHS) and Agriculture (USDA). The presence of health policies focusing on healthy eating and improved lifestyle choices, together with the willingness of consumers to spend on meal replacement products, contribute to the larger share of the US.

[dehydrated-fruits-manufacturers]

Selected nutrient analyses of fresh, fresh-stored, and frozen fruits and vegetables

This two-year study compared the status of targeted nutrients in selected fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables. In addition, a novel third category was examined—a “fresh-stored” categorization intended to mimic typical consumer storage patterns of produce following purchase (five days of refrigeration). Broccoli, cauliflower, corn, green beans, green peas, spinach, blueberries, and strawberries of all three categories of freshness were analyzed for their concentrations of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), transb-carotene (provitamin A), and total folate. Analyses were performed in triplicate on representative samples using standardized analytical methods and included a quality control plan for each nutrient. In the majority of comparisons between nutrients within the categories of fresh, frozen, and “fresh-stored”, the findings showed no significant differences in assessed vitamin contents.

In the cases of significant differences, frozen produce outperformed “fresh-stored” more frequently than “fresh-stored” outperformed frozen. When considering the refrigerated storage to which consumers may expose their fresh produce prior to consumption, the findings of this study do not support the common belief of consumers that fresh food has significantly greater nutritional value than its frozen counterpart.

There is strong evidence that public health could be improvedby increased consumption rates of fruits and vegetables (CDC,2013). Many fruits and vegetables are important sources of nutrients that are consumed at inadequate levels in the U.S.,including vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, magnesium, and others(Agarwal et al., 2015). Fruits and vegetables also frequently containhigh concentrations of bioactive compounds, and have been shownto exhibit high antioxidant potentials (Liu, 2013). Furthermore,when prepared without added fats or sugars, fruits and vegetablesare generally relatively low in calories, high in dietary fiber, and beneficial to satiety (Fulton et al., 2016). The consumption of fruitsand vegetables has been shown to aid in healthy weightmaintenance, and associate with a reduced risk of multiple chronic diseases (CDC, 2013).

Despite these points, a 2013 Center for Disease Control (CDC)reports that 33% of American adults consume less than one servingof fruits and vegetables a day. Governmental and public healthagencies continue to apply ongoing efforts to improve consumption rates of fruits and vegetables for the benefit of public health.For example, the 2015–2020 USDA Dietary Guidelines forAmericans advise individuals to increase their intake of fruitsand vegetables to help control total caloric intake and managebody weight (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services andU.S. Department of Agriculture, 2015; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 2015). The formal suggestion ofMyPlate, the revised USDA Food Pyramid, suggests that half of theplate should be comprised of nutrient-dense foods such as fruitsand vegetables. These guidelines also highlight the importance ofvariety, which is necessary to give the human body the large arrayof vitamins, minerals and macronutrients it needs. The disparity between dietary recommendations and notedlarge-scale dietary patterns is a source of ongoing investigation,and it is apparent the causes are multi-faceted and diverse (Delienset al., 2014; Haynes-Maslow et al., 2013; Stok et al., 2014). One * Corresponding author.documented explanation for inadequate fruit and vegetableconsumption is a lack of high quality fresh produce choices forconsumers, which may frequently be limited by spoilage and lossesduring transportation and/or storage (Buzby et al., 2014). This isespecially the case during winter months, when quality isgenerally diminished and cost is often higher. Even when produceremains sufficiently unspoiled so as to merit purchase andconsumption, there may be more minor degradations (e.g.enzymatic degradations, cellular respiration and oxidation) thatcan negatively affect their nutritional benefit (Bouzari et al., 2015).Prior studies investigating fresh produce have determined freshproduce is frequently picked before peak ripeness, packaged,stored, transported, and then stored again (Blackburn and Scudder, 2009). It has been established in prior investigations that postharvest exposure to periods of storage and transportation attemperatures above freezing can negatively affect nutrient quality,specifically nutrients with antioxidant potential (Villa-Rodriguezet al., 2015). Nutrients from produce will also be affected by geneticfactors, climatic factors, and has been shown to be negativelyassociated with periods of exposure to light and/or oxygen(Alvarez-Suarez et al., 2014). The aim of this study was to determine and compare the status of targeted nutrients in selected fresh, frozen, and “fresh-stored” fruits and vegetables. The “fresh-stored” storage parameter (five days of refrigerated storage) was developed by the researchers for the purpose of approximating typical consumer storage patterns(designed with reference to the data of Food Marketing Institute 2015). The study assessed L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), transb-carotene (provitamin A), and total folate concentrations within blueberries, strawberries, broccoli, cauliflower, corn, green beans,spinach, and green peas.

The decision of what fruits and vegetablesto investigate was predetermined by the Frozen Food Foundation(FFF), the funding agency for this study. Their pick of what to examine was based on the findings reported in a white paper commissioned by the FFF. This document, entitled ‘Nutritional comparison of frozen and non-frozen fruits and vegetables: Literature review’ was prepared by scientists from the Food Processing Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (Kyureghian et al., 2010). So, the choice of produce and nutrients to be analyzed was not random. The choices were based on U.S. consumption patterns and nutrients (i.e., vitamins C, A, folate, and minerals) stipulated by the FFF as being important!

[solaravenue]

Nestle - Food Politics (Part I: ch. 1-3)

Why are dietary guidelines so confusing? -> Need a historical account of food industry.

Our major sources of nutrition advice are the media and public relation efforts of food industry (commercial)

Dietary guidelines necessarily are political compromises between science and what is good for the food industry. They are never based purely on considerations for public health.

Dietary guidelines are more important than a first glance reveals. They have the power to turn people away from entire food groups, which impacts the food industry.

Advice to eat less will cut into the profits of food industry.

1900- 1990 From “Eat More” to “Eat Less”

In 1900, leading causes of death were infectious diseases (TB & diphtheria) made worse by food deficiencies.

In twentieth century, many improvements to housing, sanitation, and nutrition. In 2000, leading causes of death were diseases of the heart, diet-related cancers, diabetes.

History of USDA

1862 - founded

1917 - 

The discovery of “micronutrients” (Vitamin A, D, magnesium, etc.) allowed food industry to exploit them for marketing their products.

1940 - 

Food and Nutrition Board formed with the intention of advising government about nutritional problems that could affect national defense

Much contradictory food advice during this time

1950s - 

The Basic Four - Nutrition authorities from gov’t, research, and the food industry got together to create these dietary guidelines. Milk and meat were given their own categories.

1960s - 

CBS documentary, Hunger in America, went viral. Concerns of hunger and malnutrition among low-income groups.

Congress called for increased federal food assistant programs that fought "the war against hunger among the nation's young, old, and poor" in the land of plenty

Allowed the McGovern committee to meddle in other areas of nutrition

1970 onwards - Shifting to “eat less” **

McGovern committee turned to research on overconsumption, and how food was linked to chronic diseases

1977 - Published Dietary Goals for the United States. Advised to eat less of saturated fat, cholesterol, and sugar. * (Shift to “eat less”) Massive uproar from the cattle ranchers, egg/sugar producers, and dairy industry, who thought “decrease” was a bad word. Most of the backlash was due to perceived effects on economy, not sketchy science. (Red meat, poultry, fish, dairy, provided most of the saturated fat and cholesterol in the food supply.)

Under pressure, the McGovern committee issued a revised version of the guidelines in late 1977

1979 - Healthy People

A report that advised people to eat less red meat

The last report to explicitly say “eat less;” a switch to the euphemistic approach of dietary advice

1980 - increased public interest in nutrition

Companies stopped complaining about dietary precepts and instead began using them, noting that guidelines “will encourage companies to develop products for nutrition conscious consumers”

Politics vs. Science: Opposing the Food Pyramid

1988 - Conflict between the executive departments USDA and DHHS on who was predominant in issuing dietary advice. A House committee intervened, affirming USDA was “lead-agency” in dietary guidance. This meant advice favorable to agriculture. DHHS protested strongly that its agencies (FDA, CDC, NIH) were more well-equipped with providing dietary advice

Ed Madigan, Secretary of USDA, blocked printing of newest food guide - the Food Pyramid - suggesting it was “confusing to children.” (The problem wasn’t children - It was that the pyramid was hierarchical and advocated for the consumption of grains, fruits, and vegetables over meats. Food industry representatives preferred pie chart and bowl designs that were not stacked hierarchies, but nutrition professionals preferred pyramids because they more clearly conveyed the intended messages.)

Gained a lot of public press attention.

Spent  $855,000 on research to determine which was the most effective visual symbol, the pyramid or bowl, to be tested on children and low-income adults, etc.

In the end, the Pyramid was re-released (over the alternate designs) with a few changes. 

Its re-release was largely due to pressure from reporters and nutritionists who worked hard on research behind the scenes to bring attention to the press. Reporters highlighted the conflict of interest within the USDA and criticized lobbyists.

Led to a shift in public laissez-faire attitudes towards business. People were less tolerant of a government that preferred corporate interests over that of public.

Criticisms of Food Pyramid

Silly criticisms (geometric complaint: Food “pyramid” was actually a triangle; botanical: Classified true “vegetables” and “fruits” that were not botanically considered vegetables/fruits)

More serious criticisms:

Conceptually, it did not do well to distinguish upper limits (those of dairy and high-fat foods) from those considered lower limits (vegetables/fruits and grains)

Nonspecific. Refers primarily to select vitamins and minerals, not to foods. (Intentional and not an oversight)

Addressing single diet items is less useful than addressing the total diet

Congress requires USDA and DHHS to revisit Dietary Guidelines every 5 years or so, leading to multiple revisions.

Deconstructing the 2000 Dietary Guidelines

Introduced three-tier system, top tier included “Fitness”, which undermined the dietary guidelines as a dietary-focused guide

“Aim for fitness”

Keyword: “aim,” conveys a lack of expectation that people can change their weight, by overattributing cause to genetic disorders

Underplays the role of diet

“Build a Healthy Base”

The “Eat more” guideline of “Build a Healthy Base” refers to specific grains, fruits, and vegetables

The “Eat less” guideline refers to nutrients and food chemicals (sugars, fats, etc.) and not to their specific sources. *

"Fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol," not to meat, dairy, eggs "Sugar," not to soft drinks "Alcoholic beverages", not beer or wine

“Choose fat-free or low-fat dairy products.” Says nothing about eating less. Gives impression that dairy is essential.

Salt

Crucial to processed foods industry - makes processed foods palatable and makes people thirsty

Concerns of correlation to high blood pressure

Salt Institute - lobbying group that wants to convince scientists and policy makers of the following propositions:

Salt raises blood pressure in only a small portion of the population

Reducing salt intake can be dangerous to health

Experts disagree on the effects of salt, so no restrictive advice is warranted

Alcohol

Very small fraction of population truly drink it in moderation: most people either abstain entirely, or abuse

The most reasonable advice is “drink less”

However, inconvenient scientific study that shows drinking in moderation provides health benefits (decreased risk of heart disease)

Alcoholic beverages industry wants to use these “health benefits” as a marketing tool

In Summary

Food industry dislikes moralistic terms that label foods as “good” or “bad”, preferring negative takes on nutrients instead of specific foods and ambiguous, positive takes such as “choose and eat a variety of foods for a balanced diet.”

People are interested in nutrition and health but are confused by conflicting information in the form of “nutritional schizophrenia”

[liesmyteachertoldme]

Drugged Food

48 million people get sick every year from eating contaminated food. There is a legal level of contamination acceptable in food. Ground chicken is 44.6% and ground turkey 49.9 %. That means almost half of all ground chicken and turkey is contaminated with salmonella and that is fine with the government. Cut up chicken has no limits at all. Which means every cut up piece of chicken, lamb, or pork could be 100% contaminated. The USDA's Food Safety and Inspection Service has no authority to enact a recall when food contamination is found. Even after the CDC is notified only a voluntary recall may be requested. Over 100,000 people die every year from hospital acquired infections. Over 23,000 die from antibiotic resistant bacteria. 25 million pounds of antibiotics are given to livestock in the U.S. every year for purposes other than treating diseases. The USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service also attributes nearly 133,000 illnesses to contaminated chicken parts. Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) kills more Americans each year than the combined total of emphysema, HIV/AIDS, Parkinson's and homicide. According to the "Antibiotic Resistant Threat Report" published by the CDC in October 2013, 2 million Americans became infected with antibiotic resistant  bacteria and 23,000 died as a direct result of these infections, and more from complications. The review started in 2001 and ended, for some unknown reason, in 2010. The data came from internal reviews on the safety of of feed additives belonging to penicillin and tetracycline classes of antibiotics. The findings were: 26 of 30 drugs reviewed did not meet safety guidelines set in 1973. And none of those drugs would meet safety standards today. The FDA only ask the drug companies to voluntary restrict the use of antibiotics that are important in human medicine from animals. The industry is fond of saying that there is a lack of proof connecting the antibiotics used in livestock to human disease outbreaks.  But there are careful not to tell the public that the industry is not required to collect or report such data on its usage. Without such data direct connections are impossible to prove. This voluntary approach has not worked since usage has increased 16% between 2009 and 2012.