#Basilica of Saint Mary of Health

[emaadsidiki]

Basilica of Saint Mary of Health

[wgm-beautiful-world]

Basilica di Santa Maria della Salute, Venezia, Veneto, ITALIA

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 8.5

Holidays

Almond Day (French Republic)

Blogger Day

Bogotá's Carnival begins (Colombia)

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Damn the Torpedoes, Full Speed Ahead Day

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Financial Investigation Authorities Foundation Anniversary Day (Belarus)

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Festivals Beginning August 5, 2024

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Here's The Beef Festival (Pulaski, Tennessee) [thru 8.10]

Summer Contrast Festival (Rogalinek, Poland) [thru 8.12]

Feast Days

Abel of Reims (Christian; Saint)

Addai (Christian; Saint)

Afra and Companions (Christian; Virgin Martyrs)

Albrecht Dürer, Matthias Grünewald, and Lucas Cranach the Elder (Episcopal Church (USA))

Barsi Bhagat Puran Singh (Sikhism)

Cassian of Autun (Christian; Saint)

Clipping the Church Day (Yorkshire, UK)

Cuckoo (Muppetism)

Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major (Catholic Church)

Dumuzi’s Day (Pagan)

Enola Gay Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Emygdius (Christian; Saint)

Feast of Our Lady of the Snows (Roman Catholic)

Feast of the Dedication of the Basilica of St. Mary Major (Christian)

Fiesta de San Salvador (El Salvador)

George Tooker (Artology)

Guy de Maupassant (Writerism)

Ilya Repin (Artology)

I. Rice Pereira (Artology)

Louis Wain (Artology)

Lucretia Borgia Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Mari (Christian; Saint)

Memmius (a.k.a. Menge; Christian; Saint)

Naum Gabo (Artology)

Nonna (Christian; Saint)

Ormisdas, Pope (Christian; Confessor) [Bamberg]

Oswald of Northumbria (Christian; Saint)

Our Lady of Africa Day (Ceuta)

Oyster Season begins (Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Pixie-of-the-Year Competition (Shamanism)

Putanesca Sauce Day (Pastafarian)

Sacrifice to Salus (Ancient Roman Goddess of Health)

Sixtus II, Pope (Christian; Saint) [Paris]

Tango (Muppetism)

Tasso (Positivist; Saint)

The 3 Keys to Unlocking Thoughts: Drunkenness, Love & Trustfulness (Celtic Book of Days)

Tom Thomson (Artology)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Tomobiki (友引 Japan) [Good luck all day, except at noon.]

Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because the yellow car was invented.)

Premieres

The Alcoholics, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1953)

American Bandstand (TV Music Series; 1957)

Black Cauldron, by Lloyd Alexander [Chronicles of Prydain #2]

Bullet Train (Film; 2022)

Clear and Present Danger (Film; 1994)

The Conquest of Happiness, by Bertrand Russell (Self-Help Book; 1930)

Crimes of Passion, by Pat Benatar (Album; 1980)

The Dish Ran Away with the Spoon (WB MM Cartoon; 1933)

Eleanor Rugby, by The Beatles (UK Song; 1966)

Golden Yeggs (WB MM Cartoon; 1950)

Honey Harvester (Disney Cartoon; 1949)

The Killer Inside Me, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1952)

A Lad in Bagdad (Woody Woodpecker Cartoon; 1968)

The Long Goodbye, by Raymond Chandler (Novel; 1953)

Luck (Animated Film; 2022)

The Magic Fish, by Freya Littledale (Children’s Book; 1967)

Never on Thirsty (Tijuana Toads Cartoon; 1970)

The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, by Pink Floyd (Album; 1967)

Prey (Film; 2022) [Predator #5]

Punch the Clock, by Elvis Costello (Album; 1983)

Revolver, by The Beatles (Album; 1966)

Rise of the Planet of the Apes (Film; 2011)

Risky Business (Film; 1983)

Rudy Valley Melodies (Betty Boop Cartoon; 1932)

Running Up That Hill, by Kate Bush (Song; 1985)

Savage Night, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1953)

Shaun the Sheep Movie (Animated Film; 2015)

Shout, recorded by The Isley Brothers (Song; 1959)

Suicide Squad (Film; 2016)

To Catch a Thief (Film; 1955)

Whose Line Is It Anyway? (Improve TV Series; 1998)

Wise Quacks (WB LT Cartoon; 1939)

Yellow Submarine, by The Beatles (UK Song; 1966)

Today’s Name Days

Dominika, Oswald (Austria)

Marija, Nives, Osvald, Snježana (Croatia)

Kristián (Czech Republic)

Osvaldus (Denmark)

Salme, Salmi (Estonia)

Salme, Sanelma (Finland)

Abel (France)

Maria, Oswald (Germany)

Nona, Nonna (Greece)

Krisztina (Hungary)

Osvaldo, Vincenzo (Italy)

Arvils, Osvalda, Osvalds (Latvia)

Mintarė, Nona, Osvaldas, Rimtas (Lithuania)

Oskar, Osvald (Norway)

Cyriak, Emil, Karolin, Maria, Nonna, Oswald, Oswalda, Stanisława (Poland)

Hortenzia (Slovakia)

África, Nieves (Spain)

Alrik, Ulrik (Sweden)

Aphra, Areta, Aretha, Naomi, Neomi, Noami, Noemi (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 218 of 2024; 148 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 1 of Week 32 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Coll (Hazel) [Day 3 of 28]

Chinese: Month 7 (Ren-Shen), Day 2 (Xin-Chou)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 1 Av 5784

Islamic: 29 Muharram 1446

J Cal: 8 Purple; Oneday [8 of 30]

Julian: 23 July 2024

Moon: 1%: Waxing Crescent

Positivist: 21 Dante (8th Month) [Tasso]

Runic Half Month: Thorn (Defense) [Day 13 of 15]

Season: Summer (Day 47 of 94)

Week: 1st Full Week of August

Zodiac: Leo (Day 15 of 31)

Calendar Changes

Av (a.k.a. ʼĀḇ or Ab) [אָב] (Hebrew Calendar) [Month 5 of 12]

[anythingeverythingm]

Day 7: Charlotte of Savoy

Charlotte of Savoy

Born: c. 1441/3 Died: 1 December 1483

Parents: Louis, Duke of Savoy and Anne of Cyprus Queen of France Children: Louis (18 October 1458 – 1460) Joachim (15 July 1459 – 29 November 1459) Louise (born and died in 1460) Anne (3 April 1461 − 14 November 1522) - the wife of Peter II, Duke of Bourbon Joan (23 April 1464 – 4 February 1505) - the wife of Louis XII, King of France Louis (born and died on 4 December 1466) Charles VIII of France (30 June 1470 – 8 April 1498) Francis, Duke of Berry (3 September 1472 – November 1473)

Charlotte of Savoy was one of the 19 children of Louis, Duke of Savoy and Anne of Cyprus.

On 11 March 1443, the one year old Charlotte was betrothed to Frederick of Saxony, son of Frederick II, Elector of Saxony, but the arrangement was annulled for unknown reasons. Almost 8 years later, on 14 February 1451, Charlotte married Louis, Dauphin of France,eldest son of Charles VII of France and Marie of Anjou. Charlotte was 9 years old and Louis was 27. Louis' previous wife died childless in 1445. The marriage took place without the King of France’s consent. Upon the wedding, Charlotte became Dauphine of France.

When Louis received news of his succession to the throne of France, he abandoned Charlotte at the Burgundian court.

On 22 July 1461 Charlotte became the Queen of France. Soon she became ill and was close to death by August 1462. She recovered but despite that her health remained weakened.

Louis XI kept his wife away from court at the Château of Amboise along with her household. Charlotte mostly spent her days with her sisters and courtiers, playing chess, marbles, doing needlework, praying, doing her religious duties and supervising her daughters' education. On very few occasions, she was asked to perform her ceremonial duties as queen such as greeting foreign dignitaries.

Charlotte served as regent of France in September 1465.

Louis died on 30 August 1483 and was succeeded by their son Charles VIII. He did not appoint a regent instead left instructions for a royal council to govern during the minority of Charles. Charlotte, Duke Jean de Bourbon II and their two sons-in-law Louis d'Orleans (married to their daughter Jeanne) and Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (married to their daughter Anne) were made members of the council although in practice their daughter Anne took over as regent.

A few months after her husband’s death, Charlotte died on 1 December 1483 in Amboise. They are buried together in the Basilica of Our Lady, Cléry in Cléry-Saint-André (Loiret) in the arrondissement of Orléans.

Charlotte was interested in literature, her manuscripts were the foundation of the Bibliothèque Nationale de France. She was regarded as virtuous.

[thepastisalreadywritten]

SAINT OF THE DAY (April 28)

On April 28, the universal Church celebrates the feast day of Louis-Marie de Monfort, a 17th-century saint who is revered for his intense devotion to the Blessed Virgin Mary.

St. Louis-Marie is perhaps most famously known for his prayer of entrustment to Our Lady, “Totus Tuus ego sum,” which means “I am all yours.”

The late Pope John Paul II took the phrase “Totus Tuus” as his episcopal motto.

Born on 31 January 1673 in Montfort, Brittany, St. Louis-Marie possessed a strong devotion to the Blessed Sacrament as a child and was also intimately devoted to the Blessed Virgin, especially through the Rosary.

He took the name Marie at his confirmation.

The saint manifested a love for the poor while he was at school and joined a society of young men who ministered to the poor and the sick on school holidays.

When he was 19, he walked 130 miles to Paris to study theology, gave all he had to the poor that he met along the way, and made a vow to live only on alms.

After his ordination at 27, he served as a hospital chaplain until the management of the hospital resented his reorganization of the staff and sent him away.

He discovered his great gift for preaching at the age of 32 and committed himself to it for the rest of his life.

He met with such great success that he often drew crowds of thousands to hear his sermons in which he encouraged frequent communion and devotion to Mary.

But he also met with opposition, especially from the Jansenists, a heretical movement within the Church that believed in absolute Predestination in which only a chosen few are saved, and the rest damned.

Much of France was influenced by Jansenism, including many bishops, who banished St. Loius-Marie from preaching in their dioceses.

He was even poisoned by Jansenists in La Rochelle but survived, though he suffered ill health after.

While recuperating from the effects of the poisoning, he wrote the masterpiece of Marian piety, "True Devotion to the Blessed Virgin," which he correctly prophesied would be hidden by the devil for a time.

His seminal work was discovered 200 years after his death.

Montfort is considered one of the notable writers in the field of Mariology. His most notable works regarding Marian devotions are contained in Secret of the Rosary and True Devotion to Mary.

One year before he died, St. Louis-Marie founded two congregations: the Daughters of Divine Wisdom – which tended to the sick in hospitals and the education of poor girls, and the Company of Mary, missionaries devoted to preaching and to spreading devotion to Mary.

He died on 28 April 1716.

The Roman Catholic Church, under the pontificate of Pope Pius XII, canonized Montfort on 20 July 1947.

A "founders statue" created by Giacomo Parisini is located in an upper niche of the south nave of St. Peter's Basilica.

[allaboutjoseph]

Aug 5 - Our Lady of the Snows - Sta. Maria Maggiore Basilica, Rome

𝗔𝗨𝗚𝗨𝗦𝗧 𝟱. 𝗙𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗗𝗘𝗗𝗜𝗖𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗕𝗔𝗦𝗜𝗟𝗜𝗖𝗔 𝗢𝗙 𝗦𝗧. 𝗠𝗔𝗥𝗬 𝗠𝗔𝗝𝗢𝗥 𝗜𝗡 𝗥𝗢𝗠𝗘; 𝗙𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗧 𝗢𝗙 𝗧𝗛𝗘 𝗦𝗔𝗟𝗨𝗦 𝗣𝗢𝗣𝗨𝗟𝗜 𝗥𝗢𝗠𝗔𝗡𝗜. 𝗙𝗲𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗖𝗵𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗦𝗵𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗵𝗮𝘃𝗲 𝗯𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝗮𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗮 𝗦𝗽𝗶𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘂𝗮𝗹 𝗕𝗼𝗻𝗱 𝗼𝗳 𝗔𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗻𝗶𝘁𝘆 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗣𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗹 𝗕𝗮𝘀𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮 𝗼𝗳 𝗦𝘁. 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗠𝗮𝗷𝗼𝗿 𝗶𝗻 𝗥𝗼𝗺𝗲. 𝗜𝗻 𝗕𝗼𝗵𝗼𝗹, 𝗳𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗮𝗳𝗳𝗶𝗹𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗳𝗶𝗿𝘀𝘁 𝗥𝗼𝗺𝗮𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗵 𝗱𝗲𝗱𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗕𝗹𝗲𝘀𝘀𝗲𝗱 𝗩𝗶𝗿𝗴𝗶𝗻 𝗠𝗮𝗿𝘆, 𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗹𝘆: 𝗗𝗶𝗼𝗰𝗲𝘀𝗮𝗻 𝗦𝗵𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗼𝗳 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗟𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗚𝘂𝗮𝗱𝗮𝗹𝘂𝗽𝗲 𝗱𝗲 𝗘𝘅𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗮𝗱𝘂𝗿𝗮 (𝗟𝗼𝗯𝗼𝗰); 𝗔𝘀𝘀𝘂𝗺𝗽𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗟𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗦𝗵𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗲 (𝗗𝗮𝘂𝗶𝘀); 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗟𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗟𝗶𝗴𝗵𝘁 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗵 (𝗟𝗼𝗼𝗻): 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗢𝘂𝗿 𝗟𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗼𝗳 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘀𝗼𝗹𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗣𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘀𝗵 (𝗚𝘂𝗶𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗹𝗺𝗮𝗻). 𝗖𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗹𝗶𝗰 𝗳𝗮𝗶𝘁𝗵𝗳𝘂𝗹𝘀, 𝗽𝗶𝗹𝗴𝗿𝗶𝗺𝘀 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗱𝗲𝘃𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗿𝗲 𝗵𝗶𝗴𝗵𝗹𝘆 𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗲 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗰𝗲𝗹𝗲𝗯𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗛𝗼𝗹𝘆 𝗘𝘂𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗼𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲𝘀𝗲 𝗖𝗵𝘂𝗿𝗰𝗵𝗲𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻 𝗣𝗹𝗲𝗻𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝗜𝗻𝗱𝘂𝗹𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲𝘀.

The Papal Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore, which sits upon the Esquiline Hill of Rome, contains a unique and ancient icon beloved by Romani and people throughout the world. The icon of Santa Maria Salus Populi Romani (an ancient title meaning “Saint  Mary, Health of the Roman People”) dates back to early Christian and, some even say, apostolic times. However, it has been in Mary’s Roman Church since 590, during the papacy of St. Gregory the Great. Santa Maria Maggiore was built in the 430s after the Council of Ephesus had declared Mary “the Mother of God.” Fittingly, the ancient icon of Salus Populi Romani, written long before this doctrine was officially declared, demonstrates through art both the human and divine natures of Christ in one person which allows us to call Mary the true mother of God.The Salus Populi Romani, like many depictions of Christ’s infancy, shows a truly human scene. The action of a mother holding a child is a very earthly action. Mary’s tender embrace of her child with her arms wrapped around her son reveals a very human relationship. Likewise, Jesus’s gaze at his beloved mother shows the same love and devotion children have for their mothers. One can even see a clear resemblance between the nose and face of each, which shows a biological relationship. It is clear, both in the way Jesus sits in Mary’s arms and by the resemblance between Mary and Jesus, that Mary is his true mother. She gave Jesus his human nature and she cared for him as a mother cares for her child.The icon, however, does not merely focus on Christ’s humanity. The young Jesus is also depicted as divine. The artist of the Salus Populi Romani uses certain symbols and actions to show Christ’s hidden divine nature. First, there is the cruciform halo around his head, which foreshadows Jesus’s triumph on the Cross. Second, the left arm of Jesus holds a book of Sacred Scripture, which shows his connection, as the Word of God, to the scriptures he inspired. Third, Jesus’s right hand is stretched out over his mother as if he were blessing her. This gesture alludes to how Mary, although sinless, was saved by the grace of Christ. The Church teaches that Mary was saved in the womb of Anna “in virtue of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Savior of mankind.”Christ’s humanity and divinity are both clearly displayed in the icon. Importantly, the Salus Populi Romani does not present these as isolated ideas. They are shown to be in a single person: a boy in his mother’s arms. The two natures are present even in the child Jesus. From the moment of his conception in Mary’s womb at the Annunciation, he is both God and man. Therefore, since Mary gave birth to this whole person, we can call her not only “the mother of Jesus” or “the mother of Christ,” but truly “the mother of God.” Above Mary and Jesus, there are four Greek letters which commonly appear above images of Mary. They read (in Roman letters) “MR,” a shorthand for Mētēr or mother, and “THU,” a shorthand for Theou, which means “of God.” It is only possible for Mary to be God’s mother because of who Jesus is as human and divine. If Christ was merely a man, Mary would be no different from any other woman. And if Christ was only divine, she could not be his mother at all. But the one person of Christ is both God and man, as is depicted in the icon. It preaches that through Christ’s humanity and divinity, Mary is indeed God’s mother, humanity’s greatest honor.

Source: DOMINICANA JOURNAL

https://www.dominicanajournal.org/sancta-maria-salus-populi/

[hzaidan]

01 Work , The Canals of Venice, Louis Magre's La Salute, with footnotes, #122

Louis MagreLa Salute, c. 2020Oil on canvas38 x 46 x 3 cmPrivate collection Santa Maria della Salute (English: Saint Mary of Health), commonly known simply as the Salute, is a Roman Catholic church and minor basilica located at Punta della Dogana in the Dorsoduro sestiere of the city of Venice, Italy. It stands on the narrow finger of Punta della Dogana, between the Grand Canal and the Giudecca…

[brookston]

Holidays 8.5

Holidays

Almond Day (French Republic)

Blogger Day

Bogotá's Carnival begins (Colombia)

Burnol Day (India)

Damn the Torpedoes, Full Speed Ahead Day

Fiesta de San Salvador (El Salvador)

Financial Investigation Authorities Foundation Anniversary Day (Belarus)

40 Day

Genes For Jeans Day (Australia)

Health Care for the Homeless Day

Homeland Thanksgiving Day (Croatia)

International Huemul Day

International Suspenders Day

International Traffic Light Day

Islamic Human Rights Day (Iran)

La Vella Festival (Andorra)

Lyrical Republic Day

Mann Gulch Fire Anniversary Day (Montana)

Maze Runner Day

National Aerial Tramway Day

National Be Naked Day (UK)

National Blackmail Day

National Children’s Day (Tuvalu)

National Dash Cam Day (UK)

National Failures Day

National Health Day (Brazil)

National Underwear Day

National Youth and Children’s Day (Kiribati)

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Day

Nuestra Señora de África (Ceuta, Spain)

Return of the Queen (Johnny English)

Small Press Day (UK)

Tutti Frutti Hat Day

Umuganura (Harvest Thanksgiving; Rwanda)

Victory Day (Croatia)

Work Like a Dog Day

World Ant Day

World Tomistoma Day

World War One Anniversary Day (UK)

Food & Drink Celebrations

805 Day

Green Peppers Day

International Petite Syrah Day

National Couscous Day

National Oyster Day

National RoosTart Day

National Waffle Day

Independence & Related Days

Burkina Faso (from France, 1960)

Constitution Day (Iran)

Constitution Day Holiday (Cook Islands)

1st Monday in August

Assistance Dog Day [Monday of 1st Full Week]

August Bank Holiday (Australia, Ireland)  [1st Monday]

August Monday (Caribbean, Montserrat) [1st Monday]

British Columbia Day (a.k.a. BC Day; Canada) [1st Monday]

Carnival Monday (Anguilla, Antigua & Barbuda, Bonaire, British Virgin Islands, Saba) [1st Monday]

Civic Holiday (Canada) [1st Monday]

Colorado Day [1st Monday]

Culturama (Saint Kitts and Nevis) [1st Monday]

Emancipation Monday (Bahamas, British Virgin Islands, Dominica, Grenada) [1st Monday]

Exchange Day [1st Monday]

Farmers’ Day (Zambia) [1st Monday]

Frídagur Verslunarmanna (a.k.a. Commerce Day; Iceland) [1st Monday]

Heritage Day (Alberta, Ontario) [1st Monday]

Kadooment Day (Barbados) [1st Monday]

Kool-Aid Days begin (Hastings, Nebraska) [3 days from 1st Friday]

Labor Day (Samoa) [1st Monday]

La Saoire i mi Lunasa (Ireland) [1st Monday]

National Hobo Convention begins (Britt, Iowa) [Starts Monday before 2nd Sunday]

Nut Monday [1st Monday]

Picnic Day (Australia) [1st Monday]

Shop and Office Workers' Holiday (Iceland) [1st Monday]

Simcoe Day (a.k.a. Civic Holiday; Canada) [1st Monday]

Summer Bank Holiday (Alderney, Guernsey, Scotland, UK) [1st Monday]

Terry Fox Day (Manitoba, Canada) [1st Monday]

World Commerce Day [1st Monday]

Weekly Holidays beginning August 5 (1st Full Week of August)

National Bargain Hunting Week (thru 8.9) [1st Monday thru Sunday]

National Psychic Week (thru 8.9) [1st Monday to Friday Week]

Stroke Week (Australia) [1st Full Week]

Festivals Beginning August 5, 2024

Butler Farm Show (Butler, Pennsylvania) [thru 8.10]

Here's The Beef Festival (Pulaski, Tennessee) [thru 8.10]

Summer Contrast Festival (Rogalinek, Poland) [thru 8.12]

Feast Days

Abel of Reims (Christian; Saint)

Addai (Christian; Saint)

Afra and Companions (Christian; Virgin Martyrs)

Albrecht Dürer, Matthias Grünewald, and Lucas Cranach the Elder (Episcopal Church (USA))

Barsi Bhagat Puran Singh (Sikhism)

Cassian of Autun (Christian; Saint)

Clipping the Church Day (Yorkshire, UK)

Cuckoo (Muppetism)

Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major (Catholic Church)

Dumuzi’s Day (Pagan)

Enola Gay Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Emygdius (Christian; Saint)

Feast of Our Lady of the Snows (Roman Catholic)

Feast of the Dedication of the Basilica of St. Mary Major (Christian)

Fiesta de San Salvador (El Salvador)

George Tooker (Artology)

Guy de Maupassant (Writerism)

Ilya Repin (Artology)

I. Rice Pereira (Artology)

Louis Wain (Artology)

Lucretia Borgia Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Mari (Christian; Saint)

Memmius (a.k.a. Menge; Christian; Saint)

Naum Gabo (Artology)

Nonna (Christian; Saint)

Ormisdas, Pope (Christian; Confessor) [Bamberg]

Oswald of Northumbria (Christian; Saint)

Our Lady of Africa Day (Ceuta)

Oyster Season begins (Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Pixie-of-the-Year Competition (Shamanism)

Putanesca Sauce Day (Pastafarian)

Sacrifice to Salus (Ancient Roman Goddess of Health)

Sixtus II, Pope (Christian; Saint) [Paris]

Tango (Muppetism)

Tasso (Positivist; Saint)

The 3 Keys to Unlocking Thoughts: Drunkenness, Love & Trustfulness (Celtic Book of Days)

Tom Thomson (Artology)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Tomobiki (友引 Japan) [Good luck all day, except at noon.]

Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because the yellow car was invented.)

Premieres

The Alcoholics, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1953)

American Bandstand (TV Music Series; 1957)

Black Cauldron, by Lloyd Alexander [Chronicles of Prydain #2]

Bullet Train (Film; 2022)

Clear and Present Danger (Film; 1994)

The Conquest of Happiness, by Bertrand Russell (Self-Help Book; 1930)

Crimes of Passion, by Pat Benatar (Album; 1980)

The Dish Ran Away with the Spoon (WB MM Cartoon; 1933)

Eleanor Rugby, by The Beatles (UK Song; 1966)

Golden Yeggs (WB MM Cartoon; 1950)

Honey Harvester (Disney Cartoon; 1949)

The Killer Inside Me, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1952)

A Lad in Bagdad (Woody Woodpecker Cartoon; 1968)

The Long Goodbye, by Raymond Chandler (Novel; 1953)

Luck (Animated Film; 2022)

The Magic Fish, by Freya Littledale (Children’s Book; 1967)

Never on Thirsty (Tijuana Toads Cartoon; 1970)

The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, by Pink Floyd (Album; 1967)

Prey (Film; 2022) [Predator #5]

Punch the Clock, by Elvis Costello (Album; 1983)

Revolver, by The Beatles (Album; 1966)

Rise of the Planet of the Apes (Film; 2011)

Risky Business (Film; 1983)

Rudy Valley Melodies (Betty Boop Cartoon; 1932)

Running Up That Hill, by Kate Bush (Song; 1985)

Savage Night, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1953)

Shaun the Sheep Movie (Animated Film; 2015)

Shout, recorded by The Isley Brothers (Song; 1959)

Suicide Squad (Film; 2016)

To Catch a Thief (Film; 1955)

Whose Line Is It Anyway? (Improve TV Series; 1998)

Wise Quacks (WB LT Cartoon; 1939)

Yellow Submarine, by The Beatles (UK Song; 1966)

Today’s Name Days

Dominika, Oswald (Austria)

Marija, Nives, Osvald, Snježana (Croatia)

Kristián (Czech Republic)

Osvaldus (Denmark)

Salme, Salmi (Estonia)

Salme, Sanelma (Finland)

Abel (France)

Maria, Oswald (Germany)

Nona, Nonna (Greece)

Krisztina (Hungary)

Osvaldo, Vincenzo (Italy)

Arvils, Osvalda, Osvalds (Latvia)

Mintarė, Nona, Osvaldas, Rimtas (Lithuania)

Oskar, Osvald (Norway)

Cyriak, Emil, Karolin, Maria, Nonna, Oswald, Oswalda, Stanisława (Poland)

Hortenzia (Slovakia)

África, Nieves (Spain)

Alrik, Ulrik (Sweden)

Aphra, Areta, Aretha, Naomi, Neomi, Noami, Noemi (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 218 of 2024; 148 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 1 of Week 32 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Coll (Hazel) [Day 3 of 28]

Chinese: Month 7 (Ren-Shen), Day 2 (Xin-Chou)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 1 Av 5784

Islamic: 29 Muharram 1446

J Cal: 8 Purple; Oneday [8 of 30]

Julian: 23 July 2024

Moon: 1%: Waxing Crescent

Positivist: 21 Dante (8th Month) [Tasso]

Runic Half Month: Thorn (Defense) [Day 13 of 15]

Season: Summer (Day 47 of 94)

Week: 1st Full Week of August

Zodiac: Leo (Day 15 of 31)

Calendar Changes

Av (a.k.a. ʼĀḇ or Ab) [אָב] (Hebrew Calendar) [Month 5 of 12]

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[ongolecharles]

DAILY SCRIPTURE READINGS (DSR) 📚 Group, Tue June 04th, 2024 ... Tuesday of the Ninth Week in Ordinary Time, Year B

SHRINES AND PILGRIMAGE

Upto 2 million people come on pilgrimage to Uganda Martyr’s Catholic Shrine, Namugongo-UGANDA, every June 3 alone. This day is the Feast Day of St Charles Lwanga and Companions, Martyrs, who were executed for their faith by the king of Buganda in 1886. This unique Shrine built in the shape of an African hut and whose patron is Our Lady, Queen of the Martyrs, was uplifted to a minor Basilica by the Holy See and has since been visited by three Popes; Pope Paul VI, St. Pope John Paul II, and Pope Francis.

The word “Shrine” has multiple meanings across religions and even within Catholic usage. For our purposes, it refers to active sites dedicated in honor of a saint, or, less frequently, an event in Jesus’ life. These sites are occasionally located inside or just outside a parish church, but more often are distinct from the parish, whether they are official or unofficial sites. Examples include major Marian shrines that claim to be sites of apparitions; devotional shrines that crop up at side altars or outside parish churches, allowing for ongoing devotion to Mary or another saint; statues and grottoes in neighborhoods or at crossroads; and sites where a saint or a holy person is buried.

In early Christianity, shrines began at the sites of Christian martyrs’ burial. Subsequently those bodies were brought into the churches, but shrines have often derived their power from the fact that a sacred intervention occurred in a specific place, or the remains of a sacred person inhabited a place. The most powerful shrines are always places where a saint lived, died or was buried; where his or her presence is somehow specially felt; or where a supernatural visitation took place. In the early Church, Peter Brown notes, “Hic locus est. ‘Here is the place,’ or simply, hic, is a refrain that runs through the inscriptions on the early martyrs’ shrines of North Africa.” Here, indeed, are some examples of Shrines:

▪︎The modern animitas of Chile, popular shrines to ordinary people who suffered a violent death, serve a similar function, located as they are at the place of their death.

Catholic shrines are frequently turned to for healing or for prayers for a specific cause. At many of them illness – both physical and mental – is on display and is part of the power of the shrine. In Uganda, other than the Catholic Shrine at Namugongo, the Mt. Sion Bukalango shrine is renown for possession and/or mental health problems and the power of the Holy Spirit has such association for healing miracles thereof.

▪︎At Lourdes, physical debilities are there on display, for the same reason. At other sites, the nature of the debilities that prayer is sought for might be written (even as graffiti on the walls), or best kept private, interior and discreet, as local cultural mores would prefer it.

Still, not all shrines need to be the place where a visitation or death originally happened, or places of miraculous healing. Occasionally shrines make no claim to a visitation or inhabitation (such as the huge shrine of Our Lady of Lebanon) but still hold a powerful capacity to connect visitors to the power of the divine or to a divine intermediary. Indeed, imitations of original shrines will often serve at least as good a purpose. They are places where visitors feel a heightened sense of being and connection.

▪︎Neighborhood shrines, such as those common in India, Lebanon or Italy, are ways of claiming and bringing the presence of saints into a neighborhood, making them accessible, and even marking a house, neighborhood, or whole country as Catholic or Christian.

Catholic shrines are often marked by flowers, candles, notes, or money left by devotees. Ex voto offerings, including metallic pieces that might signal the body part for which one needs healing; a motorcycle helmet, a wedding dress or a baby bib are left at shrines in many countries as signs of need or thanks, often as a witness to the power of the saint celebrated at the shrine. Given Catholics and Cultures’ focus on lived Catholicism, we focus interest in shrines that give evidence of lived devotion, rather than in shrines that may serve primarily as historical markers of devotions that are no longer influential.

▪︎Such shrines help us begin to understand where, when, and how shrines become important to ordinary believers.

PILGRIMAGE

Pilgrimage, travel to a holy place or for a holy purpose, has a long history in the Church, though it is never identified as a religious practice or priority in the scriptures. Pilgrimage became part of the Catholic tradition in the fourth century, when Christians wanted to travel to the places that were part of Jesus’ life, or to the graves of the martyrs and Saints Peter and Paul. As members of "DAILY SCRIPTURE READINGS (DSR)📚GROUP", we go on annual pilgrimage to Kibeho, Rwanda, the land elected by "Nyina Wa Jambo" (Mother of the Word) for her apparitions to three girl seers between 1981 and 1989.

▪︎Pilgrimage is not universally practiced by Catholic Christians, but it is fair to say that across the tradition it has an important place for many Catholics. A few pilgrimage trails, most notably Europe’s medieval Camino de Santiago, have been reconstituted in recent decades and become popular with Christians and non-Christians alike.

Both the journey and the destination are important in understanding pilgrimage. What is said to have been long true of Catholics in Celtic cultures applies to many, but certainly not all cultures: "The actual act of walking was a sanctifying activity; the act of walking in a group, processing, was a liturgical act of the first order." Today, advances in transport technology make it easy to have pilgrimage within and across borders in a jiffy.

▪︎Though the relative value of journey and destination may differ for different pilgrims, the process of having to leave one’s home to travel to another—sacred—place is crucial.

Pilgrimage is both a social and an interior process, and occurs both in individual or small group contexts, such as hiking the Camino de Santiago, and in organized group contexts, as with the tour groups that travel to Rome, Lourdes, Velankanni, Fatima, Namugongo, or Kibeho. As was true in the Middle Ages, many people who travel on pilgrimages carry symbols like a scallop shell, a special scarf or a T-shirt that mark them as pilgrims. While often associated with penance, many of today’s pilgrimages can surely be well organized and enjoyable enough to seem more like religious vacations than penance, or certainly like a mix of the two.

Shrines may be marked off as sacred and “other,” and sites where the holy has entered the ordinary world. Still, and in part because of this, especially where they are pilgrimage sites, shrines are not places free from the bustle of commerce. Almost all major shrines are bustling with shops or sidewalks turned into sales points for food that feeds the pilgrim or sells devotional items, whether candles or flowers for the shrine, or religious and secular souvenirs to take home. Some pilgrims are disturbed at the commerce that “sullies” the holy, as was related at Knock in Ireland, or among some locals at the shrine of Padre Pio. At St Charles Lwanga and Companion martyrs shrine Namugongo Uganda, the June 3 Feast Day is also a bevy of commercial activity that benefits the poor local economy. But the continued presence of commerce is surely a signal that quite an adequate number of pilgrims disagree.

As Robert Orsi has noted about the major Marian pilgrimage shrines, “There is always an excess of expression and experience at Marian shrines–too many candles, too many statues and images, too many rosaries, too much desire and need, and too many souvenir stores hawking too many things.”

***

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[apenitentialprayer]

The “prayer marathon” that Pope Francis will kick off on May 1 will stretch around the globe during the Marian month of May.

The intention for the daily Rosary, to be led by a different shrine each day, is the end of the pandemic. Specific intentions related to the pandemic will also be included. The Rosary will be broadcast each evening at 6 pm Rome time (12 EST). [...] +++ Rosary Marathon Calendar: May 1: Saint Peter’s (Vatican): Prayer for wounded humanity led by the Pope. May 1: Our Lady of Walsingham (England): Prayer for the deceased. May 2: Jesus the Savior and Mother Mary Sanctuary (Nigeria): Prayer for those who could not say goodbye to their loved ones. May 3: Czestochowa Shrine (Poland): Prayer for the sick. May 4: Basilica of the Annunciation (Holy Land): Prayer for pregnant women. May 5: Sanctuary of Our Lady of the Rosary (South Korea): Prayer for children and adolescents. May 6: Our Lady of Aparecida (Brazil): Prayer for young people. May 7: National Shrine of Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage, also known as the Antipolo Cathedral (Philippines): Prayer for families. May 8: Our Lady of Luján (Argentina): Prayer for people involved in communication. May 9: Our Lady of Loreto (Italy): Prayer for the elderly. May 10: Our Lady of Knock (Ireland): Prayer for people with disabilities. May 11: Notre-Dame de Banneux (Belgium): Prayer for the poor and people in economic difficulty. May 12: Notre-Dame d’Afrique (Algeria): Prayer for lonely people who have lost hope. May 13: Shrine of the Blessed Virgin of the Holy Rosary (Portugal): Prayer for prisoners. May 14: Our Lady of Health (India): Prayer for scientists and medical research institutes. May 15: Mary Queen of Peace (Bosnia and Herzegovina): Prayer for migrants. May 16: St. Mary’s Cathedral (Sydney, Australia): Prayer for victims of violence and trafficking. May 17: Basilica of the Immaculate Conception (Washington, D.C., United States): Prayer for those responsible for international organizations. May 18: Notre-Dame de Lourdes (Paris, France): Prayer for nurses and doctors. May 19: Shrine of the House of the Virgin (Meryem Ana, Turkey): Prayer for people at war and peace in the world. May 20: Our Lady of Charity of Cobre (Cuba): Prayer for pharmacists and health personnel. May 21: Our Lady of Nagasaki (Japan): Prayer for social workers. May 22: Our Lady of Montserrat (Spain): Prayer for volunteers. May 23: Our Lady of the Cape (Canada): Prayer for law enforcement, military and firefighters. May 24: To be determined: Prayer for those who guarantee essential services May 25: Ta’Pinu National Shrine (Malta): Prayer for teachers, students, and educators. May 26: Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe (Mexico): Prayer for workers and entrepreneurs. May 27: Mother of God Pochaevskaya (Urkraine): Prayer for unemployed people. May 28: Shrine of Our Lady of Altötting (Germany): Prayer for bishops, priests and deacons. May 29: Our Lady of Lebanon (Lebanon) Prayer for consecrated persons. May 30: Virgin of the Holy Rosary of Pompei (Italy): Prayer for the Church. May 31: Vatican Gardens (Vatican): Prayer for the end of the pandemic and the return to work.

[cristinborgia]

AU Austria: Best destinations for the wives of Felipe II of Spain (It should be clarified that he was not a good husband to say)

Mary Tudor- Queen consort of France (1516-1571)

Henry VIII of England was desperate, France did not want to form alliances with England trying to marry his daughter Elizabeth to the dauphin of France, Francis of Brittany. His second wife, Anne Boleyn tried to convince the French ambassadors to commit her only daughter to the dolphin, but Francis I of France would only accept an engagement to Mary, Henry VIII's legitimate daughter. Mary had been a maid to her younger sister Elizabeth in Hatfield for two years now and had been declared illegitimate, but it is believed that Henry still had a fondness for her eldest daughter and even considered her favorite.

In the end, thanks to his best friend Charles Brandon and his lover, Jane Seymour, the king was convinced to legitimize his eldest daughter in secret from his wife, the Boleyns and Cromwells. Mary Tudor was called to her father at More's Castle, something that made many servants or the other nannies in the House of Elizabeth think. Lady Maria was reunited with her father, who was said to hug her daughter for the joy of seeing her again. Henry VIII made a small ceremony where he legitimized his daughter in the eyes of the priest Thomas Cranmer, who was threatened with execution if he did not do what the King ordered, despite the fact that Cranmer was faithful to Anne Boleyn.

Maria was given back her title of Princess of England, Princess of Wales and above all the alliance with the dauphin Francis III of Brittany was signed, she also being a Dauphin of France and future Queen of France. In the middle of the year 1535 while Henry VIII's birthday was being celebrated, the princess arrived with some of her ladies looking charming and beautiful. It is known that Ann Boleyn was about to faint when she saw her stepdaughter entering and that her husband received her with open arms, being the cherry on the cake that Henry VIII declared before the court to Mary Tudor as a legitimate daughter and therefore the current one. Princess of Wales above Princess Elizabeth.

After that news that scandalized all of England, Mary was returned to her rooms in Ludlow Castle and received a pension from her father, but the princess sent this money to her mother, Catherine of Aragon, who was in trouble. economic after being exiled. Although Mary hated Anne Boleyn, she always had a fondness for her younger sister, Elizabeth, and asked her father not to take away her comforts from the little girl after she stopped being Princess of Wales.

At the end of 1535 the princess left for France saying goodbye to her relatives and asked Alice Middleton, widow of Thomas Moro, to deliver a letter to her mother after her departure. On January 1, 1536, Maria arrived in France, being received by her father-in-law, her fiancée and her in-laws.

Mary and Francis fell in love at first sight and Francis is said to have called Mary "the most beautiful and cultured princess he has ever known." The wedding took place a month later in Marseille, being a great ceremony and the dolphins were acclaimed in France and England. Mary was considered the desired queen after the death of Queen Claude in 1524 and they thought that she would bring color, peace and joy to France.

Francis and Mary settled in the duchy of Brittany where the princess sent some sums of money to her mother, Catherine secretly being Mary of Salinas the one who gave this money to her queen. While this was happening Ann Boleyn had an abortion and the king wanted to execute her under the crimes of adultery, witchcraft and incest, but in the end the second marriage of Henry VIII was declared void. Anne was exiled from the court and retired to a country house with her mother Isabel Howard.

At the end of the year 1536 Enrique married Jane Seymour and this managed to convince the king to be less harsh with Catherine of Aragon so he gave her first wife some fair amounts of money to eat. In 1537 Mary was born she had her first son, Henry who would be King of France as Henry II of France and this birth was taken with great joy for France. That same year, her younger brother was born, Edward the desired Prince of Wales and María, together with her family, traveled to England where she became the godmother of her brother, treating him with great affection.

María had a good relationship with some of her political relatives, but her sister-in-law Catherine de Medici always saw her as a rival of hers since she wanted to sit on the French throne with her husband, Henry of Valois. In addition, Catherine envied Maria since she had a good marriage with Francis, and a very healthy male child, while she had children who presented some deformities or a delicate health and her husband Enrique was in love with his lover Diane de Poitiers at the same time. which gave all his attention.

In 1538 his first daughter was born, Catherine named in honor of her maternal grandmother Catherine of Aragón, this would be Queen consort of Spain as she was the second wife of Philip II. Two years later in 1540 Mary was born who would be Queen of Scotland by marrying the eldest son of James V, James VI of Scotland. The birth of three healthy children increased Mary's popularity, in addition to the fact that she had made it fashionable to wear dark-hued dresses with diamonds as decoration, something unusual in the French court.

In 1541 her second son, Arthur, was born, who would become Duke of Orleans after the death of two of his cousins, Charles and Enrique. In 1543 her last daughter was born, Charlotte who would be Princess of Transylvania and her favorite.

Henry VIII died in the year 1547 being succeeded by the young Edward as Edward VI. Mary attended the coronation of her younger brother and asked permission to take her mother, Catherine of Aragón with her because she was already an older woman and it would be good to spend the last years happy with her. This was accepted by Edward VI due to the great affection he had for his older sister and María left with her mother for France but not without first recommending to her brother that he write letters in case he needs help and that he lean on his loyal advisor, Eustace Chapuys to deliver those letters because he knew that the King's uncles, Thomas and Edward Seymour would do everything possible to control the kingdom.

A few months after the death of Henry VIII of England, King Francis I of France passed away and the Dukes of Brittany were crowned, Francis being the second of his name. Mary made her mother her personal secretary, as well as being her loyal advisor, mother and daughter remaining very close.

In 1549 Thomas Seymour was executed on thirty-three counts of high treason. The Queen of France traveled to England and declared herself regent for the minority of her little brother. Although Mary was not very interested in politics, she knew that Edward Seymour, the brother of the late Thomas, would do his best to become regent and she did not want England to fall into the ambitious hands of the Seymours. Her position as regent did not please the Protestants and some members of the court, but especially Edward Seymour who believed he had more right to be the regent of her nephew. On January 23, 1550, Edward Seymour broke into the king's rooms to try to kidnap him, but the barking of Edward VI's favorite dog alerted the guards who arrested the Duke of Somerset. In the end Edward was imprisoned for treason and attempted murder of the king and half a year later he would be executed.

Mary, frightened by this situation, decided to send her younger brother to France to be under the protection of the king and people the queen trusted. The Queen's regency had many ups and downs due to her Catholic beliefs and her religious reforms to limit the power of Protestants whom she viewed as heretics. The regent spent a year in England and a year in France trying to carry out her position as Queen consort of France, this being somewhat stressful for her.

In 1553 her grandson, Henry the future Henry III of France, was born and the queen loved her grandson very much, so much that she granted properties in the Duchy of Brittany for her enjoyment. Two years after the birth of her grandson, King Edward VI became engaged to the French princess Elizabeth de Valois who was the niece of Mary.

Her role as her regent was repeatedly engulfed by tensions between Catholics and Protestants, the latter being the ones who did not want a woman, much less a fervent Catholic, to rule in the name of her king. These pressures and threats to her life caused different depressions for Mary, which were aggravated when her mother, Catherine of Aragón, died in 1558 due to heart problems at the age of 73.

The burial of her mother in the basilica of Saint-Denis, Mary Tudor left the regency of England when her brother Edward was 21 years old. Mary returned to France in 1560 with her family and continued her role as queen consort of France. In 1565 her husband Francis hers began to have various health problems and died that same year from an alleged stomach cancer being the traumatic death of her for Maria who was still depressed by the death of her mother.

Despite these deaths, the widowed queen remained next to her children, especially next to hers, her first-born Henry of hers, who was crowned Henry II of France. The queen mother focused on leading a quiet and family life with some of her grandchildren, but it is known that she had many complications with her young daughter Charlotte who was Princess consort of Transylvania when she married Esteban Bathory and with him she had a marriage marked by the infidelities, jealousy and the supposed madness of the princess.

In 1570 Esteban Bathory died and his son Esteban “el negro” locked up his mother in a mental asylum for his supposed insanity. Maria tried her best to get her little girl out of there and return to France with her, but this was denied by her grandson and her court. The confinement of the dowager princess made the French family begin to intrigue against the Bathory claiming that they were heretics who showed loyalty to Satan and that Charlotte, being a fervent Catholic, decided to get rid of her.

The health of the queen mother suffered after the confinement of the princess and she passed away at the end of the year 1571 at the age of 55. Ten years after her death, her grandson Esteban “el negro” died without issue, being succeeded by her younger brother Henry, who freed her mother, Charlotte from her, allowing her to return to her normal life.

AU Austria: Mejores destinos para las esposas de Felipe II de España (Cabe aclarar que el no fue un buen esposo que digamos)

María Tudor- Reina consorte de Francia (1516-1571)

Enrique VIII de Inglaterra estaba desesperado, Francia no quería formar alianzas con Inglaterra tratando de casar a su hija Isabel con el delfín de Francia, Francisco de Bretaña. Su segunda esposa, Ana Bolena trato de convencer a los embajadores franceses de comprometer a su única hija con el delfín, pero Francisco I de Francia solo aceptaría un compromiso con María, la hija legitima de Enrique VIII. María llevaba ya dos años siendo criada de su hermana menor Isabel en Hatfield y había sido declarada ilegitima, pero se cree que Enrique todavía sentía aprecio por su hija mayor e incluso considerada su favorita.

Al final gracias a su mejor amigo Charles Brandon y a su amante, Jane Seymour, el rey fue convencido de legitimar a su hija mayor a escondidas de su esposa, los Bolena y Cromwell. María Tudor fue llamada ante su padre en el Castillo de More algo que hizo pensar a muchos criados o las otras niñeras de la Casa de Isabel. Dama María se reencontró con su padre el cual se decía que abrazo a su hija por la alegría de volver a verla. Enrique VIII hizo una pequeña ceremonia donde legitimaba a su hija a los ojos del sacerdote Thomas Cranmer, quien fue amenazado con ser ejecutado si no hacía lo que el Rey ordenaba, pese a que Cranmer era fiel a Ana Bolena.

María le fue de vuelto su titulo de princesa de Inglaterra, princesa de Gales y sobre todo se firmo la alianza con el delfín Francisco III de Bretaña siendo también delfina de Francia y futura reina de Francia. A mitades del año 1535 mientras se celebraba el cumpleaños de Enrique VIII, la princesa llego con algunas de sus damas luciendo encantadora y bella. Se sabe que Ana Bolena estuvo apunto de desmayarse al ver a su hijastra entrando y que su marido la recibiera con los brazos abiertos siendo la cereza en el pastel que Enrique VIII declarara ante la corte a María Tudor como hija legitima y por lo tanto la actual princesa de Gales por encima de la princesa Isabel.

Después de aquella noticia que escandalizo a toda Inglaterra María le fue devuelta sus habitaciones en el Castillo de Ludlow y recibió una pensión de su padre, pero la princesa destino este dinero a su madre Catalina de Aragón quien estaba en apuros económicos tras haber sido exiliada. María pese a que odiaba a Ana Bolena, siempre tuvo un cariño a su hermana menor Isabel y pidió a su padre que no le quitaran a la pequeña sus comodidades tras dejar de ser princesa de Gales.

A finales del 1535 la princesa partió hacia Francia despidiéndose de sus familiares y pidió a Alice Middleton, viuda de Thomas Moro que le entregara una carta a su madre después de su partida. El primero de enero del año 1536 María llego a Francia siendo recibida por su suegro, su prometido y su familia politica.

María y Francisco se enamoraron a primera vista y se dice que Francisco llamo a María “la princesa mas bella y mas culta que haya conocido”. La boda se celebro un mes después en Marsella siendo una gran ceremonia y los delfines fueron aclamados en Francia y en Inglaterra. María era considerada como la reina deseada tras la muerte de la reina Claudia en 1524 y pensaban que ella traería color, paz y alegría a Francia.

Francisco y María se instalaron en el ducado de Bretaña donde la princesa enviaba algunas sumas de dinero a su madre, Catalina en secreto siendo María de Salinas la que entregaba este dinero a su reina. Mientras esto ocurría Ana Bolena tuvo un aborto y el rey quiso ejecutarla bajo los crímenes de adulterio, brujería e incesto, pero al final el segundo matrimonio de Enrique VIII fue declarado nulo. Ana fue exiliada de la corte y se retiro a una casa de campo junto a su madre Isabel Howard.

A finales del año 1536 Enrique se caso con Jane Seymour y esta logro convencer al rey de que fuera menos duro con Catalina de Aragón por lo que le entrego a su primera esposa algunas cantidades de dinero justas para comer. En 1537 nació María tuvo a su primer hijo, Enrique que sería Rey de Francia como Enrique II de Francia y este nacimiento fue tomado con gran alegría para Francia. Ese mismo año nació su hermano menor, Eduardo el deseado príncipe de Gales y María junto a su familia viajaron a Inglaterra donde ella se convirtió en la madrina de su hermano, tratándolo con mucho cariño.

María tenia una buena relación con algunos de sus familiares políticos, pero su concuñada Catalina de Medici siempre la vio como una rival ya que ella quería sentarse en el trono francés junto a su marido, Enrique de Valois. Además Catalina envidiaba a María ya que ella tenia un buen matrimonio con Francis, y un hijo varón y muy sano, mientras que ella tenia hijos que presentaban algunas deformidades o una delicada salud y su esposo Enrique estaba enamorado de su amante Diane de Poitiers a la cual daba toda su atención.

En 1538 nació su primera hija, Catalina llamada en honor a su abuela materna Catalina de Aragón, esta sería Reina consorte de España al ser la segunda esposa de Felipe II. Dos años después en 1540 nació María que sería Reina de Escocia al casarse con el hijo mayor de Jacobo V, Jacobo VI de Escocia. El nacimiento de tres hijos sanos aumento la popularidad de María, además de que ella había puesto de moda usar vestidos de tonos oscuros con diamantes como decoración, algo poco usual en la corte Francesa.

En 1541 nació su segundo hijo, Arturo que sería Duque de Orleans tras morir dos de sus primos, Carlos y Enrique. En 1543 nació su ultima hija, Carlota que sería Princesa de Transilvania y su favorita.

Enrique VIII falleció en el año 1547 siendo sucedido por el joven Eduardo como Eduardo VI. María asistió a la coronación de su hermano menor y pidió permiso para poder llevarse a su madre, Catalina de Aragón con ella debido a que ya era una mujer mayor y sería bueno pasar sus últimos años feliz. Esto fue aceptado por Eduardo VI por el gran cariño que tenia hacia su hermana mayor y María partió junto a su madre a Francia no sin antes recomendarle a su hermano que le escriba cartas por si necesita ayuda y que se apoye en su leal consejero, Eustace Chapuys para entregar aquellas cartas debido a que sabía que los tíos del Rey, Thomas y Edward Seymour harían todo lo posible por controlar el reino.

Unos meses después del fallecimiento de Enrique VIII de Inglaterra, falleció el rey Francisco I de Francia y los duques de Bretaña fueron coronados siendo Francisco el segundo de su nombre. María hizo a su madre su secretaria personal, además de ser su leal consejera permaneciendo madre e hija muy unidas.

En 1549 Thomas Seymour fue ejecutado por treinta y tres cargos de alta traición. La reina de Francia viajo a Inglaterra y se declaro regente por la minoría de edad de su hermano pequeño. Pesé a que María no estaba muy interesada en la politica, ella sabía que Edward Seymour, el hermano del fallecido Thomas, haría lo posible para llegar a ser regente y ella no deseaba que Inglaterra callera en las manos ambiciosas de los Seymour. Su puesto como regente no agrado a los protestantes y algunos miembros de la corte, pero en especial a Edward Seymour que creía que tenia mas derecho a ser el regente de su sobrino. El 23 de enero del año 1550 Edward Seymour irrumpió en las habitaciones del rey para tratar de secuestrarlo, pero los ladridos del perro favorito de Eduardo VI alertaron a los guardias que detuvieron al duque de Somerset. Al final Edward fue encarcelado por traición e intento de asesinato al rey y medio año después sería ejecutado.

María asustada por esta situación decidió enviar a su hermano menor a Francia para que estuviera bajo la protección del rey y de personas en las que la reina confiaba. La regencia de la Reina tuvo muchos altibajos debido a sus creencias católicas y a sus reformas religiosas para limitar el poder de los protestantes a los cuales veía como herejes. La regente pasaba un año en Inglaterra y un año en Francia tratando de desempeñar su cargo como Reina consorte de Francia, siendo esto algo estresante para ella.

En 1553 nació su nieto, Enrique futuro Enrique III de Francia y la reina amo mucho a su nieto, tanto que concedió unas propiedades en el ducado de Bretaña para su disfrute. Dos años después del nacimiento de su nieto, el rey Eduardo VI se comprometió con la princesa francesa Isabel de Valois que era la sobrina de María.

Su papel como regente se vio varias veces enfrascado por las tensiones entre católicos y protestantes siendo estos últimos los que no deseaban que una mujer y mucho menos una ferviente católica gobernase en nombre de su rey. Estas presiones y amenazas a su vida le causaron distintas depresiones a María que se agraviaron cuando en 1558 falleció su madre, Catalina de Aragón por problemas cardiacos a los 73 años.

El entierro de su madre en la basílica de Saint-Denis, María Tudor dejo la regencia de Inglaterra cuando su hermano Eduardo tenia 21 años. María regreso a Francia en 1560 junto a su familia y continuo su papel como reina consorte de Francia. En 1565 su marido Francisco empezó a tener diversos problemas de salud y falleció ese mismo año por un supuesto cáncer de estomago siendo su muerte traumática para María que estaba todavía deprimida por la muerte de su madre.

Pese a estas muertes la reina viuda se mantuvo al lado de sus hijos sobre todo al lado de su primogénito Enrique que fue coronado como Enrique II de Francia. La reina madre se centro en llevar una vida tranquila y familiar junto algunos de sus nietos, pero se sabe que tuvo muchas complicaciones con su hija pequeña Carlota que era Princesa consorte de Transilvania al casarse con Esteban Bathory y con este tuvo un matrimonio marcado por las infidelidades, los celos y por la supuesta locura de la princesa.

En 1570 falleció Esteban Bathory y su hijo Esteban “el negro” encerró a su madre en un asilo mental por su supuesta locura. María trato lo posible para que su pequeña saliera de ahí y regresara a Francia junto a ella, pero esto le fue negado por su nieto y su corte. El encierro de la princesa viuda hizo que la familia francesa empezase a intrigar en contra de los Bathory afirmando que ellos eran herejes que mostraban lealtad a satanás y que Carlota al ser una ferviente católica decidieron deshacerse de ella. 

La salud de la reina madre se vio resentida tras el encierro de la princesa y falleció a finales del año 1571 a los 55 años de edad. Diez años después de su muerte, su nieto Esteban “el negro” falleció sin descendencia siendo sucedido por su hermano menor Enrique el cual libero a su madre, Carlota de su encierro permitiéndola regresar a su vida normal.

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 8.5

Holidays

Almond Day (French Republic)

Blogger Day

Bogotá's Carnival begins (Colombia)

Damn the Torpedoes, Full Speed Ahead Day

Fiesta de San Salvador (El Salvador)

Food Day (Canada)

40 Day

Genes For Jeans Day (Australia)

Homeland Thanksgiving Day (Croatia)

International Huemul Day

International Traffic Light Day

La Vella Festival (Andorra)

Mann Gulch Fire Anniversary Day (Montana)

National Aerial Tramway Day

National Be Naked Day (UK)

National Blackmail Day

National Failures Day

National Health Day (Brazil)

National Underwear Day

National Youth and Children’s Day (Kiribati)

Nuestra Señora de África (Ceuta, Spain)

Return of the Queen (Johnny English)

Small Press Day (UK)

Tutti Frutti Hat Day

Umuganura (Harvest Thanksgiving; Rwanda)

Victory Day (Croatia)

Work Like a Dog Day

World Ant Day

World Tomistoma Day

World War One Anniversary Day (UK)

Food & Drink Celebrations

805 Day

Green Peppers Day

National Couscous Day

National Oyster Day

National RoosTart Day

National Waffle Day

1st Saturday in August

Campfire Day & Night [1st Saturday]

Caribana (Toronto, Canada) [Begins 1st Saturday]

Festival of Nations (Red Lodge, Montana) [1st Saturday]

Home Fermentation Day [1st Saturday]

International Alopecia Awareness Day [1st Saturday]

International Blues Music Day [1st Saturday]

International Hangover Day [1st Saturday]

Mead Day [1st Saturday]

Mustard Day [1st Saturday]

National Clown Day [1st Saturday]

National Czech Festival (Nebraska) [Starts 1st Saturday]

National Disc Golf Day [1st Saturday]

National Jamaican Patty Day [1st Saturday]

National Mustard Day [1st Saturday]

National Play Outside Day [1st Saturday of Every Month]

National Pro-Life Generation Sidewalk Day [1st Saturday]

National Riddle Day [1st Saturday]

National Summit Day [1st Saturday]

National Sunflower Day [1st Saturday]

National VFR Day [1st Saturday]

Railway Workers’ Day (Russia) [1st Saturday]

Sandcastle Day [1st Saturday]

Satyr's Day (Silenus, Greek God of Beer Buddies and Drinking Companions) [1st Saturday of Each Month]

Taxpayer Appreciation Day [1st Saturday]

Independence Days

Burkina Faso (from France, 1960)

Feast Days

Abel of Reims (Christian; Saint)

Addai (Christian; Saint)

Afra and companions (Christian; Virgin Martyrs)

Albrecht Dürer, Matthias Grünewald, and Lucas Cranach the Elder (Episcopal Church (USA))

Barsi Bhagat Puran Singh (Sikhism)

Cassian of Autun (Christian; Saint)

Clipping the Church Day (Yorkshire, UK)

Cuckoo (Muppetism)

Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major (Catholic Church)

Dumuzi’s Day (Pagan)

Enola Gay Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Emygdius (Christian; Saint)

Feast of Our Lady of the Snows (Roman Catholic)

George Tooker (Artology)

Ilya Repin (Artology)

I. Rice Pereira (Artology)

Lucretia Borgia Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Memmius (a.k.a. Menge; Christian; Saint)

Ormisdas, Pope (Christian; Confessor) [Bamberg]

Oswald of Northumbria (Christian; Saint)

Putanesca Sauce Day (Pastafarian)

Sacrifice to Salus (Ancient Roman Goddess of Health)

Sixtus II, Pope (Christian; Saint) [Paris]

Tango (Muppetism)

Tasso (Positivist; Saint)

Tom Thomson (Artology)

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Uncyclopedia Bad to Be Born Today (because the yellow car was invented.)

Premieres

The Alcoholics, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1953)

American Bandstand (TV Music Series; 1957)

Bullet Train (Film; 2022)

Clear and Present Danger (Film; 1994)

The Conquest of Happiness, by Bertrand Russell (Self-Help Book; 1930)

Crimes of Passion, by Pat Benatar (Album; 1980)

The Dish Ran Away with the Spoon (WB MM Cartoon; 1933)

Eleanor Rugby, by The Beatles (UK Song; 1966)

Golden Yeggs (WB MM Cartoon; 1950)

Honey Harvester (Disney Cartoon; 1949)

The Killer Inside Me, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1952)

The Long Goodbye, by Raymond Chandler (Novel; 1953)

Luck (Animated Film; 2022)

The Piper at the Gates of Dawn, by Pink Floyd (Album; 1967)

Prey (Film; 2022) [Predator #5]

Punch the Clock, by Elvis Costello (Album; 1983)

Revolver, by The Beatles (Album; 1966)

Rise of the Planet of the Apes (Film; 2011)

Risky Business (Film; 1983)

Running Up That Hill, by Kate Bush (Song; 1985)

Savage Night, by Jim Thompson (Novel; 1953)

Shaun the Sheep Movie (Animated Film; 2015)

Shout, recorded by The Isley Brothers (Song; 1959)

Suicide Squad (Film; 2016)

To Catch a Thief (Film; 1955)

Whose Line Is It Anyway? (Improve TV Series; 1998)

Wise Quacks (WB LT Cartoon; 1939)

Yellow Submarine, by The Beatles (UK Song; 1966)

Today’s Name Days

Dominika, Oswald (Austria)

Marija, Nives, Osvald, Snježana (Croatia)

Kristián (Czech Republic)

Osvaldus (Denmark)

Salme, Salmi (Estonia)

Salme, Sanelma (Finland)

Abel (France)

Maria, Oswald (Germany)

Nona, Nonna (Greece)

Krisztina (Hungary)

Osvaldo, Vincenzo (Italy)

Arvils, Osvalda, Osvalds (Latvia)

Mintarė, Nona, Osvaldas, Rimtas (Lithuania)

Oskar, Osvald (Norway)

Cyriak, Emil, Karolin, Maria, Nonna, Oswald, Oswalda, Stanisława (Poland)

Hortenzia (Slovakia)

África, Nieves (Spain)

Alrik, Ulrik (Sweden)

Aphra, Areta, Aretha, Naomi, Neomi, Noami, Noemi (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 217 of 2024; 148 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 6 of week 31 of 2023

Celtic Tree Calendar: Tinne (Holly) [Day 26 of 28]

Chinese: Month 6 (Ji-Wei), Day 19 (Yi-Wei)

Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)

Hebrew: 18 Av 5783

Islamic: 18 Muharram 1445

J Cal: 7 Hasa; Sevenday [7 of 30]

Julian: 22 July 2023

Moon: 78%: Waning Gibbous

Positivist: 21 Dante (8th Month) [Tasso]

Runic Half Month: Thorn (Defense) [Day 8 of 15]

Season: Summer (Day 46 of 94)

Zodiac: Leo (Day 15 of 31)

[venicepearl]

Marie Zéphyrine of France (26 August 1750 – 2 September 1755) was a Daughter of France, the daughter of Louis, Dauphin of France, and Maria Josepha of Saxony.

Marie Zéphyrine, known as Madame Royale or la Petite Madame, was born at the Palace of Versailles and was named after St Zephyrinus, on whose feast day she was born. Her birth was greeted with caution; in the previous two years, Maria Josepha had suffered stillbirths and her health was of a fragile nature. Louis XV, on the other hand, had hoped for a grandson. Marie Isabelle de Rohan served as Marie Zéphyrine's governess. Marie Zéphyrine died at Versailles due to an attack of convulsions, in the early hours of the morning of 2 September, having been baptised just days before by the Abbot of Chabannes. She was not officially mourned; a Daughter of France could only be mourned if she was over the age of 7. She was buried at the Royal Basilica of Saint Denis outside the capital of Paris.

[allaboutmary]

Pope Francis praying before the icon of Mary as the Salus Populi Romani (Health of the Roman People) in the basilica of Saint Mary Major in Rome yesterday.

The pope made a pilgrimage to the church to pray for the well-being of those affected by the Coronavirus worldwide.

[upennmanuscripts]

“Money without health is worse by a half”

Fifty-two discoveries from the BiblioPhilly project, No. 45/52

   Book of Hours for the Use of Noyon, Newark (DE), University of Delaware Library, MSS 95, item 31, unnumbered flyleaf i recto and fol. 83r (beginning of the Office of the Dead with miniature of the Raising of Lazarus)

A relatively recent arrival in the Philadelphia region, this late-fifteenth-century Book of Hours of the Use of Noyon contains an interesting series of provenance inscriptions that provide palpable insight into the manuscript’s multi-generational heirloom status in early modern France. As we shall see, one early owner’s poetic inscription, in particular, sheds light on a seemingly perennial human preoccupation: balancing health and financial well-being.

The manuscript was purchased by the University of Delaware in 2011 thanks to a gift in honor of the 50th anniversary of the University of Delaware Library Associates. Previously, the book had appeared at auction at Swann Galleries in New York (2 April 1987, No. 1432) and at Sotheby’s in London (Western Manuscripts and Miniatures, 5 December 2006, lot 45), and was subsequently offered by Phillip J. Pirages (Catalogue 60, 2011, cat. 444). There is also a  modern stock code on upper flyleaf 2 and a twentieth-century ownership inscription naming “Mr. Clancy” on upper flyleaf 2.

The book itself contains ten large miniatures, as well as five small inset miniatures and an historiated initial illustrating the Passion of Christ. As the Sotheby’s sale catalogue description of 2006 mentions, the miniatures are attributable to two distinct artists. The first was responsible for two miniatures only, those on folios 14v and 19r. His style is characterised by rotund, oval shaped faces with pale blue skin tones and a particular manner of creating texture by means of repeated, single-hair brushstrokes.

   MSS 95, item 31, folios 14r (beginning of the Gospel Lessons with miniature of Saint John on Patmos) and 19r (beginning of the Passion According to John with miniature of the Agony in the Garden)

The second, more accomplished artist was responsible for the remaining miniatures, which appear on folios 33r, 40r, 47r, 50v, 53r, 59v, 66v, and 83r. While his style could still be characterized as somewhat flat, it is more monumental that that of the first artist and betrays closer links to sophisticated Parisian models from the period. The borders accompanying these miniatures are also fully painted on shell gold backgrounds. Some, such as that surrounding the miniature of King David on folio 66v, consist of skillful three-dimensional floral designs.

   MSS 95, item 31, folios 33r (beginning of the Hours of the Virgin with miniature of the Annunciation) and 66v (beginning of the Penitential Psalms with miniature of King David)

Interestingly, it is this second artist who was responsible for the five small inset miniatures and one historiated initial for the Passion According to John. These however follow the introductory miniature by the first artist, and are partially found on the same quire. Such subdivision of labor even within one of the manuscript’s gatherings is not altogether unexpected; it is yet another example of close collaboration in the production of such objects.

The style of both artists’ miniatures and of the accompanying initials suggests that the manuscript was produced in Amiens, a few generations after the great flowering of illumination in the northern French city.1 The text is for a patron in Picardy, most likely one from Noyon: the Use conforms to those in other books known to be from Noyon, and the Litany includes Saint Médard (fol. 77r), who translated his see to Noyon from Vermand in 531.

Like many books of hours, this manuscript contains information added by its early owners. The book begins with a series of early, unnumbered flyleaves, which contain a sequence of inscriptions.

MSS 95, item 31, inscription on unnumbered flyleaf i recto: “Ces heures apartiennent à Madelaine, Camuce lesquellees m’ont esté donnée, par mon père ce sixième jour d’octobre, 1615, 1615” (“These hours belong to Madeleine Camuce, the which were given to me by my father on this, the sixth day of October, 1615, 1615”)

This is certainly Madeleine Le Camus, born around 1597 and still alive on 20 September 1667. Madeleine married a certain André Scotté, Seigneur of Velinghen, in 1616, so the book may have been a prenuptial gift from her father. Scotté was described as a “vice mayeur” (mayor), “procureur” (lawyer) and “notaire” (notary) in Boulogne-sur-Mer. The following inscription is written by Madeleine and André’s son, who had the same name as his father (André Scotté senior was dead by 1647).

MSS 95, item 31, inscription on unnumbered flyleaf ii recto: “Ces heures Appartiennent A, André Scotté. Lesquelles m’ont, Esté Donnez par Damoiselle, Magdelaine le Camus ma mère, Le jour de tous les saincts, 1657” (“These hours belong to André Scotté. The which were given to me by my mother, lady Madeleine Le Camus, on All Saints’ Day 1657”)

Thus a little bit of searching reveals that this André Scotté can be identified with canon André Scotté de Velinghen, confessor and superior of the Ursulines of Boulogne, who died in 1703 (a plaque commemorating him survives in the crypt of the Basilica of Notre-Dame in Boulogne). This identification in turn renders logical the following inscription, made by a resident of Boulogne at some point (judging by the penmanship) in the second half of the eighteenth century.

MSS 95, item 31, inscription on unnumbered recto iii: “Ce livre apartient, à Jean Marie Paque., M. Jean Haude, Boulogne sur mer; Ce livre apartient, à Jean Marie Paque, à Boulogne” (“This book belongs to Jean Marie Paque., M. Jean Haude, Boulogne-sur-Mer; This book belongs to Jean Marie Paque, in Boulogne”)

The second owner here may be identifiable with a certain Jean Marie Pacque, born in 1748 in Echinghen, just outside of Boulogne. The cancelled portion of the inscription above might perhaps be an earlier inscription by the same owner, or indeed by a relative of the same name. The upper writing does appear somewhat older and/or more childish in style. As is often the case, it is difficult to ascertain how this manuscript made the transition from such well-documented private ownership to the commercial book trade, though its presence in the Channel town of Boulogne would have made its transfer to England and its burgeoning book trade rather easy. Curiously, the book was rebound by the Geneva-based Hans Asper in the nineteenth century.

In any case, it is not the seventeenth- and eighteenth-century inscriptions which are of most interest to us historians of the Middle Ages and early modern period, but rather that first, beautifully refined inscription found on the recto of the first unnumbered flyleaf, which may well be the handiwork of the original owner. It consists of a quatrain written in a bâtarde script that should be dated to the turn of the sixteenth century. The elaborate first initial J and the fanciful ascenders and descenders, known as cadeaux or cadelles in contemporary French nomenclature, betray the hand of a well-trained individual, perhaps with professional a clerical background. The verses, partially in a first person voice, tell the reader that the book belongs to Jeanne, daughter of Jean Cinot, and begs that they not to steal the book, as without it Jeanne cannot say her prayers. Jean-Luc Deuffic has tentatively linked this Jean Cinot to a person of the same name who conducted a real estate transaction in Compiègne in 1448, which would be plausible in terms of the chronology of our book and Jeanne’s script. Deuffic has also remarked upon the pleading, first-person voice of the quatrain and linked it to others of a similar vein (some of which offer wine as recompense for returning the book!).

MSS 95, item 31, inscription on unnumbered flyleaf i recto: “Je suis à Jenne fille Jehan Cinot, vous priant nullement m’embler, En me rendant pairay le sot, car sans heures ne puys dieu prier” (“I belong to Jeanne, daughter of Jean Cinot, and I pray that you do not steal me, and thus render me the fool for without hours I cannot pray to God”)

However, not discussed until now is a rhyming couplet written lower on the page, in a smaller but similarly fine bâtarde hand. Probably inscribed at the same time and by the same person (i.e. by Jeanne), it makes a poetic case for the value of health over money. Such sentiments are strikingly à propos in our own time of pandemic and economic loss!

MSS 95, item 31, inscription on unnumbered flyleaf i recto: “Saincté sans argent, c’est demy maladie; Argent sans saincté, c’est pire la moitié” (“Heath without Money is Half of Sickness; Money without Health is Worse by Half”)

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