#Antheraea pernyi

[fauxpapillons]

artschool assignments, this time with an oak silkmoth study and it's stages. Graphite pencils on the first. Watercolors + colored pencils for the second! They will be also be in inprnt!

[aviculor]

Hey there. So, as a personal side project, I might be making a fanmade region based on China, and so far I'm trying to flesh out the invertebrate side of things. Specifically, I'm going for ones that are native to or common there. So far, I have:

Silk moth (Bombyx mori and Antheraea pernyi) [Bug/Normal] When I was making these, I had no idea you did a Bug/Normal silk moth. Oops...

Chinese luna moth (Actias dubernardi) [Bug/Fairy]

Blue carpenter bee (Xylocopa caerulea) [Bug/Steel]

Chinese hourglass spider (Cyclocosmia ricketti) [Bug/Psychic]

Shanghai hairy crab (Eriocheir sinensis) [Water/Dark] Making this one pirate/thief themed due to being an invasive species. Also crab claws + pirate hook?

Hallucigenia [Rock/Psychic] A bit on the nose, but I'm fairly surprised the fossils were actually found on

Any ideas on what other arthropods (or invertebrates in general) I could add? Thanks.

Those are all fantastic ideas! My silk moth is actually bug/fairy, and either way you can't pass that up for a China-inspired region.

What comes to mind first for me would be a Chinese Mantis, possibly inspired by the mantis-style martial arts. You could even give it two forms based on northern vs southern style.

There's also the Chinese Golden Earth Tiger tarantula Cyriopagopus schmidti, a large burrowing species with gold and black coloration, tiger-like stripes on the abdomen, and a prominent white "beard". I read that it might have inspired the legend of the Tsuchigumo, which I used to make a Bug/Dragon pseudolegendary, but it's one of those concepts I'd love to see someone else's take on.

A caterpillar infected by Ophiocordyceps, though it might be cribbing too much from Paras and Parasect.

A polychaete worm (such as Phyllodoce citrina) stylized into a Chinese dragon.

A hammerhead worm (Bipalium spp)

[swordduels]

Just a heads up. This post is about moths and larvae stages. This is because I'm considering having a demon with moth or butterfly abilities attacking Sigfrid in a drabble or a roleplay in the Demon Slayer verse. I might make headcanons for Sigfrid as he turn into this kind of demon as well. Either as he's half way turning or turning all the way. I'm still briefly doing research from wikipedia so take what I'm saying with a grain of salt. I'll try finding other sources. Antheraea yamamai - Wikipedia To start off I wanted to look at what kind of moths are common in Japan. One moth that showed up was the Antheraea yamamai - Japanese silk moth or Japanese oak silk moth. The japanese name being yamamayu(ga) (山繭(蛾)・ヤママユ(ガ)) or tensan (天蚕)). The moth create a strong and elastic white silk which in modern times is rare and very expensive. The moth is wide spread in asia and has been cultivated in Japan for 1000 years and has been imported to Europe for tussar silk production. Here are two pictures of the Japanese oak silk moth, a picture of the larvae stage and a cocoon.

What is tussar silk then? This is what wikipeida says: "Tussar silk (alternatively spelled as tussah, tushar, tassar,[1] tussore, tasar, tussur, or tusser, and also known as (Sanskrit) kosa silk) is produced from larvae of several species of silkworms belonging to the moth genus Antheraea, including A. assamensis, A. paphia, A. pernyi, A. roylei, and A. yamamai. These silkworms live in the wild forests in trees belonging to Terminalia species and Shorea robusta, as well as other food plants such as jamun and oak found in South Asia, eating the leaves of the trees on which they live.[2][3] Tussar silk is valued for its rich texture and natural, deep-gold colour, and varieties are produced in many countries, including China,[4] India, Japan, and Sri Lanka.[5]" From my understanding silk comes from different silk worms as they build cocoons before going through metamorphosis. When collecting silk for production the larvae is either killed by being dried in the sun. Another method is to let the larvae leave before pouring boiling water to soften the silk which makes it easier to collect. Enother method is to boil the pupa while the larvae is still inside. Tussar silk - Wikipedia I mainly looked at this kind of moth because it's a silk moth which has an important role in silk production and has been an important part of trading historically speaking. I thought it could be a parallel to Sigfrid who's a foreigner and also married to someone who is in charge of legal and illegal trading. I imagine Sigfrid would be starting of as having larvae features as he is partly or fully turned into a demon. If or when he's fully turned he would then look like a silk moth larvae until he build a cocoon and then turn into a moth. The moth can be seen as a symbol for increased silk production, modernisation and globalisation. If there is a big demand for a product it's most often a signal to increase production.

[entomoblog]

Les papillons de nuit inspirent un papier peint qui absorbe les sons

See on Scoop.it - EntomoNews

Moths have developed what scientists describe as a "stealth cloak," making them nearly invisible to bats' senses. Researchers at the University of Bristol are working to mimic this feature to produce more effective sound absorbers, creating what they call "sonic wallpaper."

  Moths inspire sound-absorbing sonic wallpaper | Reuters Video

Posted June 29, 2023

  -------

NDÉ

Le communiqué

  June: Moth wing-inspired sound absorbing wallpaper in sight | News and features | University of Bristol, 15.06.2022 https://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2022/june/moth-wing-inspired-sound-absorbing-wallpaper.html

  L'étude

  Moth wings as sound absorber metasurface | Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspa.2022.0046

  [Image] Location of wing punch taken from the moth species Antheraea pernyi (a). Experimental set-up for characterizing the angular distribution of RC of the wing sample and metal disc (b). Workflow of the six experimental treatments (c). (Online version in colour.)

[skulllesbian]

10/10 face

[troncelliti]

Top to bottom:

Bombyx mori, Hyalophora cecropia, Antheraea pernyi, Samia cynthia.

From Meyers Konversations-Lexikon (1885–1892)

[superbnature]

Antheraea pernyi by norlies http://bit.ly/2B4VXvV

[entofille]

Antheraea perny or the Chinese tussar moth, (X)

[vicariousplacebo]

Antheraea pernyi by norlies Source: http://bit.ly/2B4VXvV

[eda11y]

Antheraea pernyi by norlies

[sinobug]

MOTHS from Yunnan, China - HEAD SHOTS Click on and scroll through images for individual IDs….. by Sinobug (itchydogimages) on Flickr. Pu’er, Yunnan, China See more Chinese moths on my Flickr site HERE...

[rowanseas]

When you think of silk, you're most likely thinking of the kind of silk made by the bombyx mori variety of silkworm, which has been domesticated for over a thousand years. However, there's also a variety of "wild" silkmoths. They can be found in the wild, but they are also bred by humans for their silk. The most notable varieties, and ones you’ll probably see offered when looking for spinning fiber, are tussah, eri, muga and tensan. (You actually almost never see tensan silk for sale, but I’m including it because I love it.)

(Rest under a cut, because this got ridiculously long)

There's even several north american varieties of wild silkworm, most notably the polyphemus moth!

(photo of polyphemus cocoons from wormspit,com)

Each type of silk looks and feels slightly different, because it's made by different species of silkworm. The tussah and tensan varieties are a type of silkworm that eats primarily oak. The tussah variety is the Chinese oak moth (antheraea pernyi), and it has an ecru/beige/light brown cocoon. Whereas the tensan (antheraea yamamai) is the Japanese variety of oak silkmoth. It has a golden green colour cocoon, which unlike the tussah silk, is resistant to dyeing (but also resistant to staining).

Combed tussah silk top (image from Ashford)

Tensan cocoons and yarn (image from Azumino Tensan Silk Museum)

The cocoons of the tensan silkmoth can be more green or more gold, depending on how much direct light they receive while spinning their cocoons. More sunlight makes the cocoons a darker green.

Unlike the bombyx mori variety of silkworm, the tussah and tensan varieties only have one brood per year, unless you give the eggs artifical cold treatment. (ie stick the eggs in the fridge for a few weeks to pretend it's winter.)

The muga silkworm is another of the wild silkworms, from the Assam region of India. It's latin name is antheraea assamensis, and it's also known as the Assam silk moth. It's silk is a glossy gold/bronze/brass colour.

Muga silk top (image from DivinityFibers on etsy)

Eri silk is made from the samia ricini species of silkworm, and it primarily eats castor beans, tapioca leaves or cassava. It's also known as "peace silk" since the cocoons of this variety cannot be reeled, so the moths hatch out and do not have to die to produce their silk. Eri silk can range anywhere from a light gold/beige colour to an orangeish red.

“Red” Eri silk (image from treenway silks)

The bombyx mori or the mulberry silkworm is the most commonly known silkworm. It was domesticated from the bombyx mandarina wild silkworm. It's been domesticated so long that the moths can no longer fly at all, and the caterpillars are nearly helpless.

So now that we've had a rundown on different species of silk, let's get into the different preparations of silk you can find (and how they're processed!)

There's several different stages and preparations of silk you can find to use to make silk yarn. Silk caps or hankies are one of the most "finished" product you can find as a spinner to work from, made from taking the cocoon and stretching it over either a hoop shaped frame or a square one. The difference in shape is how you get the "cap" or "hankie" shape. Most caps and hankies come in a stack, since it's easier to stretch a few cocoons over the frame to stack up the layers.

A stack of silk caps (image from treenway silks)

Silk top (another of the more processed silk preparations) is often made from the extra floss that silkworms make in preparation for spinning their cocoon and holding it in place. (The images of the tussah, muga and eri silk are all silk top for reference.)

You can also find cocoons for sale, and process them yourself. You need to degum the cocoons, as the sericin, which is the glue that holds them together, keeps the silk fibres tightly glued.

Cocoons are made from one continuous strand of silk, so when the cut cocoons are processed, sometimes you get bits of silk that are a few centimetres long and some that are several metres long. When carding cocoons, sometimes you need to go in with a pair of scissors and cut the staple length to a more reasonable size. (Just pull the carders apart to a reasonable distance and snip in between! Reasonable is up to the spinner's discretion.)

A cut cocoon with pupa peeking out, with whole cocoons below it. (image from wikipedia article on Ahimsa silk)

There's also getting silk from the whole cocoons, where the pupa is still inside. This is an entirely different process from spinning the silk, and is called "reeling." Most silk fabrics are made from reeled silk.

Reeling involves taking the single silk thread from the cocoon as one single length. You need to take the fibers from several cocoons at once, as each individual fiber is very fine, and if left as a single fiber, extremely prone to breaking.

There's several methods to reeling silk, but the one I've researched best is the Japanese method, so that's the one I'll be describing. A good chunk of my knowledge is from http://www.wormspit.com/silkreeling.htm and http://www.wormspit.com/newreeling.htm

To reel silk, you take the whole cocoons (you'll want a few dozen of them) which have been stifled (bake them so the moth doesn't hatch) and put them in a pot of near boiling water. This is to help loosen the sericin. Then you take a brush and brush along the cocoons to find the loose end of the silk fiber. You'll want to get around 8-20 cocoons. Transfer them to another water bath which is slightly cooler, but still warm.

The next step is feeding the reeled silk filament through a croissure, which is a pair of pulleys, with the silk looping back on itself. This squeezes some of the water out of the silk and also squishes the individual fibres together better, where they are glued together by the leftover sericin still in the fiber.

(image from wormspit)

The silk is then reeled onto a reel, where you have to be careful to make sure that the layers of silk you're winding onto the reel don't lay directly on top of the last layer. (You'll want to make sort of X shapes instead of /// shapes.) This keeps the silk from glueing itself to the previous layer.

After reeling, you need to re-reel the silk, to help it dry and keep it from sticking to itself. You can then re-re-reel it onto a cardboard tube, or store it in hank form.

(image from wormspit)

To turn the reeled silk into yarn, you then need to "throw" it, which is adding twist to the reeled silk. This is the stage where your spindle/spinning wheel comes into play!

As silk is so fine, most yarns are made from several strands of the reeled silk that was made in the last step.

Once you have made your thrown + reeled single, you can then ply it, or work with it on it's own. If weaving, you might not want to remove the left over sericin, as the sericin gives the fabric a bit more body. However if you intend to knit/crochet/sew with the resulting yarn/thread, you'll want to degum it.

The mulberry silkworm is the most common silk to be reeled, but you can also reel tensan and muga silk cocoons. However, finding cocoons that are whole for sale is nigh impossible, so if you want to try reeling, you'll have to raise the silkworms yourself!

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Silk’s Nano-Scale Fibrils Give It Cryogenic Toughness to Thrive in Outer Space Temperatures

Their initial discovery had seemed like a contradiction because most other polymer fibers embrittle in the cold. But after many years of working on the problem, the group of researchers have discovered that silk’s cryogenic toughness is based on its nano-scale fibrils. Sub-microscopic order and hierarchy allows a silk to withstand temperatures of down to -200oC. And possibly even lower, which would make these classic natural luxury fibers ideal for applications in the depths of chilly outer-space.

The interdisciplinary team examined the behavior and function of several animal silks cooled down to liquid nitrogen temperature of -196 oC. The fibers included spider silks but the study focused on the thicker and much more commercial fibers of the wild silkworm Antheraea pernyi.

In an article published October 3, 2019, in Materials Chemistry Frontiers, the team was able to show not only ‘that’ but also ‘how’ silk increases its toughness under conditions where most materials would become very brittle. Indeed, silk seems to contradict the fundamental understanding of polymer science by not losing but gaining quality under really cold conditions by becoming both stronger and more stretchable. This study examines the ‘how’ and explains the ‘why’. It turns out that the underlying processes rely on the many nano-sized fibrils that make up the core of a silk fiber.

Read more.

[wovenfabricstudio]

View this post on Instagram

A post shared by Woven Fabric (@wovenfabricstudio)

#warp #weft #tasar #silk #fabric Tussar silk (alternatively spelled as tussah, tushar, tassar, tussore, tasar, tussur, tusser and also known as (Sanskrit) kosa silk) is produced from larvae of several species of silkworms belonging to the moth genus Antheraea, including A. assamensis, A. mylitta, A. paphia, A. pernyi, A. roylei and A. yamamai. (West Bengal) https://www.instagram.com/p/BqJ2b3JHBMB/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=138lv33jnwnx0

[skulllesbian]

more mothies for everyone <3