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debashis99 · 6 months ago

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Enhance Your Wellbeing with Physical Activity: Experience with Progressive Muscle Relaxation

Amidst our hectic schedules, it can be very difficult to prioritise our mental and physical well-being. Physical activity is an excellent method to enhance your general well-being and develop tolerance. This blog post examines the positive impact of exercise on overall well-being and suggests a straightforward and efficient method known as Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) that may be seamlessly included into your daily schedule.

Engaging in physical exercise not only helps maintain physical fitness but also offers remarkable advantages for mental well-being. Exercise can enhance your overall well-being in several ways:

Sense of wellbeing:

Physical activity stimulates the release of endorphins, which are hormones that promote positive emotions and alleviate feelings of worry and despair (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2017).

2. Alleviate Anxiety:

Engaging in exercise reduces the levels of stress hormones such as cortisol, resulting in a state of increased relaxation and reduced anxiety (Exercising to Relax, 2020).

3. Improve Your Sleep Quality:

Routine physical activity can speed up falling asleep and enhance the quality of sleep, resulting in better and rejuvenating nap (Newsom & Rehman, 2023).

4. Develop Psychological Tolerance:

Engaging in physical activity enhances your ability to regulate emotions, hence increasing your resilience when confronted with difficulties in life (Martín-Rodríguez et al., 2024).

5. Cardiovascular Health:

Engaging in physical activity enhances cardiovascular well-being, hence decreasing the likelihood of developing heart disease and stroke (Nystoriak & Bhatnagar, 2018).

Wellbeing Intervention: Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR)

Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is an exercise introduced by Edmund Jacobson in the 1920s that requires active participation (Toussaint et al., 2021). This straightforward method aids in achieving physiological and psychological relaxation, hence diminishing tension and augmenting one's general state of wellbeing.

Benefits of PMR:

PMR, or Progressive Muscle Relaxation, contributes in alleviating anxiety by increasing physical relaxation (Mayo Clinic, 2022).

Progressive Muscle Relaxation, is proven to relieve chronic pain by neutralising contracted muscles and discomfort (Vambheim et al., 2021).

(PMR) can enhance concentration and enhance cognitive function by lowering muscle tension (Anita Duwi Andriani et al., 2023).

How to Practice PMR:

Below is a straightforward instruction to help you start:

Select a tranquil and comfortable location where you will not be interrupted. If desired, assume a comfortable seated or lying position with your eyes closed. A few long breaths will assist you in relaxing. Maintain tension in the foot muscles for approximately five seconds. De-stress gradually in your feet while concentrating on the sensation of relaxation. Hold this state of relaxation for approximately ten seconds. Tense and then relax each muscle group as you ascend the body: the calves, quadriceps, abdomen, chest, arms, shoulders, neck, and face. As one releases tension in each muscle group, focus on the pervasive sensation of relaxation that circulates through the entire body. As you conclude your session, take a few more long breaths and savor the general feeling of relief (Muscle Tension, n.d.).

Integrating physical activity into everyday life will greatly enhance your general state of health and ability to recover from challenges. Progressive Muscle Relaxation is a straightforward and efficient technique that can aid in stress reduction, sleep improvement, and psychological enhancement. By comprehending the advantages of physical activity and embracing Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR), you can actively pursue a state of improved well-being and increased contentment.

Reference:

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2017, September 27). Depression and anxiety: Exercise eases symptoms. Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/in-depth/depression-and-exercise/art-20046495

Exercising to Relax. (2020, July 7). Harvard Health; Harvard Health Publishing. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/exercising-to-relax

Newsom, R., & Rehman, A. (2023, March 3). The Connection Between Diet, Exercise, and Sleep. Sleep Foundation. https://www.sleepfoundation.org/physical-health/diet-exercise-sleep

Martín-Rodríguez, A., Gostian-Ropotin, L. A., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Belando-Pedreño, N., Simón, J. A., López-Mora, C., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health. Sports, 12(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12010037

Nystoriak, M. A., & Bhatnagar, A. (2018). Cardiovascular Effects and Benefits of Exercise. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 5(135). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2018.00135

Toussaint, L., Nguyen, Q. A., Roettger, C., Dixon, K., Offenbächer, M., Kohls, N., Hirsch, J., & Sirois, F. (2021). Effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Deep Breathing, and Guided Imagery in Promoting Psychological and Physiological States of Relaxation. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5924040

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architectnews · 3 years ago

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California Baptist University spotlights ten student architecture projects

A museum dedicated to poetry, an airport with a courtyard and an urban agriculture development are included in Dezeen's latest school show by architecture students at the California Baptist University.

Also featured is an analysis of how daylight transcends through space and a women's healthcare clinic in rural Rwanda.

California Baptist University

School: California Baptist University (CBU), College of Architecture, Visual Art and Design Courses: Architecture programme

Tutors: Krysten Burton, Susan Duemer, Aaron Greene, Keelan Kaiser, Matthew Niermann, David Ogoli, Mark Roberson and Caleb Walder

School statement:

"California Baptist University (CBU) architecture students design for the public good. The architecture programme at CBU prepares students to serve as design professionals rooted in the Christian faith tradition. This unique approach to architectural education encourages students to be inspired and guided by faith as they endeavour to serve the public good.

"The CBU architecture programme offers an accelerated five-year accredited Master of Architecture degree in the Inland Empire of Southern California, which features a variety of opportunities for interdisciplinary inquiry, professional development and global study and engagement.

"The design curriculum within the CBU architecture programme emphasises an analytical and data-driven approach to understanding the impact of architecture on human experience and the natural environment across a range of project types. The work in this VDF school show represents the imagination of a plurality of questions and courses by students who, as a whole, participate in critical investigations of design, material and the ephemeral."

Terminal by Allison Bighouse

"For this spatial concept for a hypothetical airport terminal, I was inspired by courtyard buildings. I wanted to incorporate this into my airport to challenge the assumption that you have to be 'inside a building' when you're in an airport. My design includes a large courtyard area in the centre with outdoor seating. Natural plant elements are visible from all sides of the indoor area through glass walls.

"By including a courtyard was integral to the design concept, a linear terminal building wouldn't work. Instead, I created a closed structure. I tried many different shapes and incorporated convex curves and obtuse angles to maximise surface area for plane gates.

"I decided on a distorted hexagon shape because it naturally worked with my origami-inspired roof plan. The building shape also provided clear areas for the main entrance and security area, plane gates and courtyard."

Student: Allison Bighouse Tutor: Keelan Kaiser Course: SP21 ARC122

Context by Alyssa Lee and Christopher Diaz

"The work of second-year students Alyssa Lee and Christopher Diaz typifies the foundation experiences of CBU students, creating imagined space and objects. The pair of strategies, collage from within, and generating shape, employ primary design principles that are strong in themselves while also serve as formative works.

"Considering imagined space as a place one is drawn into, collages serve to knit together a plurality of materials, volumes, and programmes. Each fragment embodies abstract and intricate messages and meanings, and these are used to explore the quality and nuances of placemaking.

"Shape generation, subsequent duplication and positioning is also a key part of the foundation years. Imaginary and fantastical sites bring these studies to life and stimulate consideration of their possible pragmatic ends."

Student: Alyssa Lee and Christopher Diaz Tutor: Caleb Walder Course: SP21 ARC212

A Poetry Museum by Thamali Natasha Sri Kantha

"I combined methods, information and products from the previous studio projects through a series of design workflows. The starting point for this particular workflow was the earth and sky collage I did previously during the semester. This design includes public areas; on the first floor, there is the gallery, performance space and service areas; the second floor includes a public collection; while a cafe, roof terrace and research collection are on the third floor.

"This design has a linear perspective that opens up the entire floors from the south to the north of the site. The use of grid lines to determine each space and programme also allowed me to place an atrium and a huge skylight in the middle of the building.

"In addition, the overlapping shapes created unique spaces in both interior and exterior of the building that will shape the experience. In order to determine the placement of the building on the site, I referred to the site analysis done in a previous project. I examined the circulation diagrams and decided to place the building close to Orange and 6th Streets since there is more pedestrian circulation around those streets."

Student: Thamali Natasha Sri Kantha Tutor: Caleb Walder Course: SP21 ARC212

Lighting Analysis by Mark Denison

"Light is an elusive yet critical aspect of designing transcendent spaces. Any impactful incorporation of natural light requires a technical understanding alongside an artful vision. This requires intentional experimentation. The student developed light studies aiming to exemplify one specific characteristic effect of natural light through apertures of various types, sizes, and materials.

"The student combined techniques creating taxonomies of evidence, documenting the design with sequential photography for analysis and adaptation. Direction, intensity, colour and quality were examined over the course of a day. The resulting choreography of light uncovered possibilities for framing architecture as an experience of the transcendent."

Student: Mark Denison Tutor: Matthew Niermann Course: SP21 ARC212

School of Ecology by Gerald Portea

"The envelop system complements the structural and environmental systems to enhance both the occupant experience and aesthetic design through sustainable strategies.

"It is designed as a composite of cladding and sun-shading devices: a layered network that contributes to the resilience of the building. The machined aesthetic of the envelope is meant to inspire and stimulate the learning, craft and collaboration that occurs inside.

"Using a highly refined sleek material and incorporating the natural landscape of the park around it, the architectural expression becomes that of a connection and dynamic of technology and nature, understood and enjoyed by the students who attend the school.

"The school then becomes a statement for the city of Riverside, a city of art and innovation. Overall, the aesthetic of the exterior envelope aims to become a part of the building networks and begin to express their level of integration."

Student: Gerald Portea Tutor: Caleb Walder Course: FA20 ARC410

Christian Study Centre by Andriani Sugianto

"The Christian Study Centre moves the passerby with its glowing presence, prompting longing into the viewer beckoning them to venture towards an enchanting world. The Christian Study Centre's intricate, natural form hints at something captivating – something beyond the physical world.

"The centre questions the ordinary and leads its viewers to transcendent thought. The experience parallels our pursuit to satisfy this constant longing with a physical experience from a garden space to the prayer chapels and reading room to finally reach the central chapel.

"This image highlights the reading room, which offers other moments to dwell in contemplation both in community and individually, and extends the representation of the intermediate space between humanity and God.

"The reading room is met with diaphanous lighting from the chapel and lighting communicating absolute time from the East façade. The reading room tenders an ethereal vantage of the chapel that beckons longing to reach that central space."

Student: Andriani Sugianto Tutor: Matthew Niermann Course: SP21 ARC412

Urban Oasis by Ulysses Hermosillo and Enzo Vliches

"Urban Oasis is an affordable housing and sustainable hybrid housing and urban agriculture development. It is based on a Biblical passage where God instructs the Israelites through the prophet Jeremiah saying, 'build houses and live in them; and plant gardens and eat their produce'. Residents of Lake Elsinore are provided with a pleasant and dignified space to live and prosper regardless of their financial situation.

"Neighbours and visitors can share and enjoy communal spaces with exceptional views of the lake and mountains where they can mingle together and tend their gardens. Urban Oasis provides opportunities for life skills around healthy food consumption by integrating community farm management and harvesting with the facility as a significant part of the architectural and operational program.

"Through the art and craft of growing their food, taking care of vegetation, and motivating people to work together, Urban Oasis aims to make a dwelling and farming a synthetic experience in an increasingly urban future."

Student: Ulysses Hermosillo and Enzo Vliches Tutor: Caleb Walder Course: SP21 ARC514

Health Services in Rural Rwanda by Courtney Mitchell

"Exploring the contextual application of evidence-based healthcare design, this thesis project aimed to synthesise the best practices of disease-focused healthcare with established methods of patient-focused healthcare into a proposal for a women's health care clinic in rural Rwanda.

"This hybrid healthcare approach was augmented by intentional program development and spatial delineation that empathetically supported rural women's needs and patient family needs during extended maternity stays."

Student: Courtney Mitchell Tutor: Matthew Niermann Course: SP21 ARC511

Media lab by Jacob Arellano

"Culture, community, materiality and technology permeate nearly every facet of our lives and are both the catalysts for and generating proponents of the physical manifestations and boundaries of space we call architecture.

"These four aspects contribute in varying degrees to the success and/or failure of works of the built environment. Collectively these variables simultaneously span from intangible to tangible-between art and science-and determine aesthetics and functionality.

"The relationship of their interconnectivity are tethered to reconciliation and empathy – two additional factors of architecture that designers increasingly find themselves grappling with.

"The instructive Media Lab at Leimert Park in Lake Elsinor provided an opportunity for students to explore design through focusing on these four architectural variables with reconciliation and empathy requiring students to consider the culture and communities served and sustained."

Student: Jacob Arellano Tutor: Aaron Greene Course: FA20 ARC510

Chapel by Samuel Soine

"The chapel space is the culmination of a broader architectural gradient, experienced through space and time, contrasting the orthogonal and the organic. This highlights the juxtaposition between the human-made and the God-made.

"Through organic form and the implementation of natural materials and space echoes the grandeur of God's design and his interpersonal relationship with humankind. As daylight floods the space below, users are encouraged to pause, to look up and reflect God's character.

"The chapel consists of a central multi-usable space on the ground floor, with stepped balconies forming the outer edge. These balconies offer users intimate spaces to pray, worship and gather. The singular skylight further encourages a vertical view as opposed to horizontal, as all otherworldly distractions fade away in the presence of God."

Student: Samuel Soine Tutor: Matthew Niermann Course: SP21 ARC412

Partnership content

This school show is a partnership between Dezeen and the California Baptist University. Find out more about Dezeen partnership content here.

The post California Baptist University spotlights ten student architecture projects appeared first on Dezeen.

#Architecture – Dezeen

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rightsinexile · 5 years ago

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Publications

“This paper explores the relationship between human smuggling, trafficking, kidnapping, and extortion in Libya. It is based on qualitative interview data with Eritrean asylum seekers in Italy. Different tribal regimes control separate territories in Libya, which leads to different experiences for migrants depending on which territory they enter, such as Eritreans entering in the southeast Toubou controlled territory. The article argues that the kidnapping and extortion experienced by Eritreans in Libya is neither trafficking, nor smuggling, but a crime against humanity orchestrated by an organized criminal network.” - Smuggling, trafficking and extortion: new conceptual and policy challenges on the Libyan route to Europe. Katie Kuschminder, Anna Triandafyllidou. Antipode. 2019.

“Turkey has a rapidly rising population of immigration detainees: over 16,000 are held in 24 immigration removal centres, up from 18 centres with a total capacity of 8,276 places in February 2018. Another 11 immigration facilities are planned, which will take the total capacity to 21,446. In September 2018, we accompanied the National Preventive Mechanisms to the Gaziantep Immigration Removal Centre and to the Adana Sariçam refugee camp.” - Monitoring Immigration detention at the borders of Europe. Report on Turkey and Greece 2018. Hindpal Singh Bhui, Mary Bosworth, Andriani Fili, Gavriella Morris. Border Criminologies, Centre for Criminology. September 2019.

“In the context of a greater focus on the politics of migration, the ‘refugee entrepreneur’ has become an increasingly important figure in humanitarian, media, and academic portrayals of refugees. Through a focus on Jordan’s Za‘tari refugee camp, which has been deemed a showcase for refugees’ ‘entrepreneurship’, this article argues that the designation of Syrian refugees as ‘entrepreneurs’ is a positioning of Syrians within colonial hierarchies of race that pervade humanitarian work. For many humanitarian workers in Jordan, Syrians’ ‘entrepreneurship’ distinguishes them from ‘African’ refugees, who are imagined as passive, impoverished, and dependent on humanitarian largesse. Without explicit racial comparisons, humanitarian agencies simultaneously market Syrian refugees online as ‘entrepreneurs’, to enable them to be perceived as closer to whiteness, and thereby to render them more acceptable to Western audiences and donors, who are imagined as white. ‘Refugee entrepreneurs’ do not need political support and solidarity, but to be allowed to embrace the forces of free-market capitalism.” - Refugees can be entrepreneurs too! Humanitarianism, race and the marketing of Syrian refugees. Lewis Turner. Review of International Studies. 19 September 2019.

“Issues of Housing, Land, and Property (HLP) are complicated in Uganda, with its multiple land tenure systems, histories of displacement, and overburdened dispute resolution bodies. Ugandan citizens are challenged by this, and refugees are as well. Refugees in Uganda, both in urban areas and in designated refugee settlements, face additional challenges accessing HLP; they are often living in poor conditions, might be dealing with disputes, and they tend to have limited knowledge of their rights. REACH, in conjunction with the Norwegian Refugee Council, conducted research on these issues, in order to develop a response-wide understanding of refugees’ relationship with HLP rights in Uganda, and their impact on potential durable solutions and livelihoods, so as to inform the refugee response.” - Owned spaces and shared places: Refugee access to livelihoods and housing, land, and property in Uganda. REACH & Norwegean Refugee Council. 30 September 2019.

“The Joint Refugee Return and Reintegration Plan (JRRRP), is an integrated inter-agency response plan to ensure the sustainable return and reintegration of Burundi refugees from the five main countries of asylum (Tanzania, Rwanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda and Kenya). While returnees are welcomed back by the Government of Burundi, they face socio-economic challenges towards their effective reintegration, including a lack of livelihood opportunities.” - Burundi situation. UNHCR. September 2019. “This new research brief outlines why, in the context of a specific displaced population in Uganda, individuals choose to avoid the asylum system, and what alternatives they both pursue and would prefer to it. Their responses point towards a practical set of changes that could significantly enhance protection within the asylum system in this context. But they also point towards a preference for legal pathways to regularising individuals’ statuses that are discrete from the refugee regime and its labels. The brief is based on research conducted with Eritreans in Kampala in late 2016.” - Avoiding refugee status and alternatives to asylum. Georgia Cole. University of Oxford, Refugee Studies Centre. 30 September 2019.

“Building upon the literature concerning migration aspirations and drivers of migration in contexts of forced displacement, this working paper examines the questions of how and why Syrian refugees in Istanbul and Izmir experience mobility and immobility. Drawing on the findings of a mixed-methods study conducted in 2018 amongst refugees in those two cities, it disentangles the many different ways of staying in Turkey. It offers insights into the perspectives of Syrians who aspire to return to Syria but stayed; those who want to remain in the country; those who aspire to move on to another country but stayed; and those who left for Europe but returned to Turkey.” - Adapting to staying, or imagining futures elsewhere: Migration decision-making of Syrian refugees in Turkey. Lea Muller-Funk. International Migration Institute Working Papers series. October 2019.

“This report on the Right to Asylum in the Republic of Serbia, covering the July-September 2019 period, was authored by the Belgrade Centre for Human Rights’ legal team. It contains information the team obtained whilst representing asylum seekers and in its regular cooperation and communication with the state authorities and the UNHCR.” - Right to asylum in the Republic of Serbia. Periodic report for July-September 2019. Belgrade Centre for Human Rights. October 2019.

“The EU Agency for Fundamental Rights has been regularly collecting data on asylum and migration since September 2015. This report focuses on the fundamental rights situation of people arriving in Member States and EU candidate countries particularly affected by migration. It addresses fundamental rights concerns between 1 July and 30 September 2019.” - Migration: Key fundamental rights concerns. European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights. October 2019.

“Costa Rica is a host country to asylum-seekers primarily from Latin America and the Caribbean, and is a transit point for others. Over the past five years, the country has experienced an upward trend in the number of asylum applications received as a result of political unrest and violence in the region. Since the onset of the sociopolitical crisis in Nicaragua in April 2018, over 70,000 individuals have sought asylum in Costa Rica, with more expected to arrive. UNHCR works with the Costa Rican Government to support persons in need of international protection.” - Costa Rica Fact Sheet. UNHCR. October 2019.

“Turkey has a sprawling immigration detention system that includes some two dozen ‘removal centres’ in addition to holding cells in several airports, ad hoc detention sites along its borders, and widespread use of police stations. The controversial 2016 EU-Turkey refugee deal expanded Turkey’s detention estate with the help of EU funding and has subsequently led to an increase in detentions and summary deportations of refugees and asylum seekers. Presidential Decree No. 686 allows authorities to derogate from non-refoulement obligations, enabling the deportation of asylum seekers to unsafe countries, including Afghanistan and Syria, during their asylum procedures.” - Turkey: A serial human rights abuser and Europe’s refugee gatekeeper. Global Detention Project. October 2019.

“Italy has been an aggressive proponent of draconian migration control practices, spurring accusations that the country has been complicit in grave human rights violations. During the tenure of notorious former Interior Minister Matteo Salvini, Italy resorted to extreme measures to prevent maritime arrivals, including blocking ports to vessels carrying refugees, prosecuting people seeking to save lives at sea, and supporting the interdiction efforts of various Libyan armed forces. In 2018, the country’s immigration legislation was amended, doubling the maximum length of detention in pre-removal centres and creating a new legal ground for the detention of asylum seekers for identification purposes.” - Italy: Complicit in grave human rights abuses? Global Detention Project. October 2019.

“There has been a significant decrease in the number of reported spontaneous returns to South Sudan- 4,260 returnees in September in comparison with 15,945 in August 2019. So far in 2019, there have been 77,390 South Sudanese returnees reported. From 2017 to August 2019, there has been over 213,000 reported spontaneous returns mainly from Uganda, Sudan and Ethiopia.” - Regional update: South Sudan situation. UNHCR. October 2019.

“Since 6 June, generalized violence led to massive new displacements in Ituri Province. UNHCR and IOM recorded over 110,000 new arrivals in IDP sites in Djugu, Mahagi and Irumu territories between 31 May and 20 June. OCHA estimated that 360,000 people were displaced by the recent crisis; some 145,000 towards IDP sites and the rest to host communities. As displacements have continued, Ituri’s Site Management and Coordination Working Group (CCCM) now estimates that almost 227,000 people are staying in 87 IDP sites.” - Weekly emergency update: Ituri and North Kivu provinces, Democratic Republic of the Congo. UNHCR. 22 October 2019.

“The proposals in the new Asylum Bill show a rushed and worrying attempt to address refugee and migration issues in Greece at the expenses of individuals’ protection. The amendments proposed create significant burdens for asylum seekers. They accelerate asylum procedures sacrificing applicants’ right to have their claims properly assessed and raise barriers to asylum seekers’ life in Greece, in breach of European and International Human Rights standards binding on the country.” - Greece: Proposed bill on asylum downgrades EU and international law standards on refugees protection. Amnesty International. 24 October 2019.

“Since the beginning of military operations by the Turkish Armed Forces and allied non-state armed groups in north-east Syria earlier this month, the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights has received concerning reports of civilian casualties and damage to critical civilian infrastructure. The military operation has severely impacted the humanitarian situation. The UN has received assurances from the Government of Turkey that every effort is being made to ensure the protection of civilians and of the infrastructure they rely on. The hostilities have triggered large population movements. In the last two weeks, almost 180,000 people, including close to 80,000 children, have fled south from the border areas between Turkey and Syria. People must be allowed to seek safety and move freely. Most are sheltering with friends and family, others are in displacement camps or collective shelters. As fighting subsided in some areas in recent days, some of those displaced have started to return. More than 10,000 people have fled to Iraq since the start of military operations in the northeast. The UN remains deeply concerned about the prospects of further hostilities along the Turkis-Syrian border and the impact on civilians, including further displacement.” - Briefing to the Security Council on the humanitarian situation in Syria. Assistant Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs, Ursula Mueller. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 24 October 2019.

“It would be in contradiction with Europe’s traditions to deny freedom to those whose circumstances lead them justifiably to seek access to our territory. This in turn requires the European Union to develop common policies on asylum and immigration, while taking into account the need for a consistent control of external borders to stop illegal immigration and to combat those who organise it and commit related international crimes. These common policies must be based on principles which are both clear to our own citizens and also offer guarantees to those who seek protection in or access to the European Union.” - European Conference from Tampere 20 to Tampere 2.0. Background note: Common European Asylum System. Lyra Jakuleviciené. 25 October 2019.

“Since President John Magufuli came to power in 2015, Tanzania has seen a sharp backslide in respect for basic freedoms of association and expression, undermining both media freedoms and civil society. While some restrictive trends may have predated his term, they have intensified since he became president. Authorities have censored and suspended newspapers and radio stations, arbitrarily deregistered NGOs, and have not conducted credible investigations into abductions, attempts on the lives of journalists and opposition figures. The government has arbitrarily arrested and, in some cases, brought harassing prosecutions against journalists, activists, and opposition politicians, perceived to be government critics. Based on interviews with 80 people in July to September 2018, and in January 2019, this report documents these restrictions and abuses in both mainland Tanzania and the semi-autonomous island archipelago of Zanzibar, where Human Rights Watch researchers found a similarly repressive environment.” - As long as I am quiet, I am safe. Human Rights Watch. 28 October 2019.

“From July 2019 to October 2019, the US Immigration Policy Center (USIPC) at UC San Diego partnered with migrant shelters in Tijuana, Mexico and in Mexicali, Mexico to survey asylum seekers who have been returned to Mexico under the Migrant Protection Protocols (MPP), also known as the ‘Remain in Mexico’ policy. A total of 607 asylum seekers were interviewed, which makes this the most comprehensive analysis to date of the impact of the Remain in Mexico policy. Approximately 1 out of every 4 of the respondents (23.1%) have been threatened with physical violence while in Mexico as they await their immigration court dates.” - Seeking asylum: Part 2. Tom K. Wong. US Immigration Policy Center. 29 October 2019.

“This report is composed of a joint submission by rights groups exposing endemic torture and appaling conditions in Egyptian prisons. The report addresses the numerous types of torture inflicted upon detainees, particularly persons charged in political cases. These include enforced disappearance and incommunicado detention, and filmed confessions coerced by torture, duress or threat, which are then used as propaganda films produced by the military or Interior Ministry.” - Egypt: Systematic torture is a state policy. Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies. 29 October 2019.

“In the last couple of years various refugee and human rights related organizations have reported illegal pushbacks at the Greece-Turkey Border around the Evros river, highlighting the organized and intensified nature of collective migrant expulsions in this region and the serious physical and psychological mistreatment that often accompany them. In August 2018, Mobile Info Team started collecting first-hand testimonies of individuals who crossed the border and were forcibly pushed back to Turkey. The testimonies were collected by trained volunteers and interpreters through our fieldwork and our outreach channels for beneficiaries.” - Illegal pushbacks in Evros: Evidence of human rights abuses at the Greece-Turkey border. Mobile Info Team. November 2019.

“It is our strong hope that this Study will mark a turning point in ending the invisibility and overcoming the vulnerability, stigmatisation and social exclusion of children deprived of liberty. As the research confirms, these children are often neglected by policies and data in countries around the world. Indeed, some of the key findings and recommendations of the Study relate to unavailability of comprehensive data, which is vital to understand the scope of the deprivation of liberty of children globally, as well as to assess the progress made as a result of policy changes. Sadly, saying that ‘the ones who are not counted do not count’ reflects well the harsh reality of children deprived of liberty.” - United Nations Global Study on Children Deprived of Liberty. Manfred Nowak. Omnibook. November 2019.

“As of 1 November, over 8,155 refugees and migrants were rescued/intercepted at sea by the Libyan Coast Guard and disembarked in Libya. In October, 1,113 refugees and migrants disembarked in Tripoli (703 individuals), Al Khums (183 individuals), Tajoura (179 individuals), and Zwara (48 individuals). The latest rescue/interception operation was conducted on 30 October, when 191 individuals were disembarked in Tripoli.” - UNHCR update: Libya. UNHCR. 1 November 2019.

“The security situation in the south of Yemen has now largely stabilized, however sporadic armed clashes are ongoing in Al-Dhale’e and Abyan governorates, while attacks and explosions were reported in Aden, Hadramaut and Shabwah governorates. There are now more than 1,620 IDP hosting sites identified country-wide in Yemen, according to the CCCM Cluster.” - UNHCR operational update: Yemen. UNHCR. 1 November 2019.

“Since the start of military action in North East Syria (NES) an estimated 13,634 individuals have crossed into the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KR-I) seeking refuge. All refugees have entered KR-I through five different informal crossing points. As of 25 October, all new arrivals are redirected to Sehela transit site. Families arriving to Sehela are transported to camps based on shelter availability and instructions provided by local authorities, Bardarash camp being prioritized.” - Inter-agency operational update: Iraq. UNHCR. 3 November 2019.

“The non-judicial accountability mechanisms have been important in keeping the executive accountable throughout these dark years of refugee policy. They have produced key reports and provided important information that the government has not wanted in the public sphere. They have produced outcomes for individuals behind the scenes, and provided avenues to influence the government. Yet, as this report shows, they have been, and are being tested.” - The use of non-judicial accountability mechanisms by the refugee sector in Australia. Savitri Taylor, Joyce Chia. Refugee Council of Australia. 5 November 2019.

“CLINIC submitted comments in response to the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) proposed regulation entitled ‘Removal of 30-Day Processing Provision for Asylum Seekers’ Initial Employment Authorization Document Applications,’ DHS Docket No. USCIS-2018-0001, RIN 1615-AC19. In this proposed regulation, which was posted on Sept. 9, 2019, DHS seeks to eliminate the rule, which requires it to process initial employment authorization documents (EADs) for asylum applicants within 30 days. Asylum applicants are prohibited from filing for an initial EAD until 150 days after submitting their asylum application. By removing the 30-day rule, asylum applicants will likely have to wait well over six months to be able to work lawfully and support themselves and their families. CLINIC strongly believes that the United States should be providing greater protections to vulnerable asylum seekers rather than making it more difficult for them to become self-sufficient.” - Clinic submits comment opposing the proposed elimination of the 30-day processing requirement. for asylum applicants' initial applications for employment authorization. Catholic Legal Immigration Network Inc. 5 November 2019.

“The EU's comprehensive approach to migration provides an efficient framework with which to engage with third countries on migration issues in mutually beneficial ways. The approach recognises that regular migration and mobility, including legal pathways and circular migration, can make a positive contribution to sustainable development. One of the priority areas in such partnerships is a well-functioning and effective return and readmission process. Currently, return rate of irregular migrants in the EU remains low. This undermines the overall legitimacy and sustainability of migration and asylum policies, in which protection should be provided to those in need.” - Policies and tools to enhance readmission cooperation: Presidency discussion paper. Council of Europe. 8 November 2019.

“Individuals seeking to reopen their immigration proceedings after departing or being removed from the United States face significant hurdles. This practice advisory, co-authored with the Center for Human Rights and International Justice at Boston College, provides information on the legal issues surrounding post-departure motions to reopen or reconsider and includes a chart of principal cases by circuit court.” - Practice advisory: Post-departure motions to reopen and reconsider. Boston College. Catholic Legal Immigration Network Inc. 14 November 2019.

“The Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) are adopting an Interim Final Rule (IFR or “rule”) to modify existing regulations to provide for the implementation of Asylum Cooperative Agreements (ACAs) that the United States enters into pursuant to section 208(a)(2)(A) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). Because the underlying purpose of section 208(a)(2)(A) is to provide asylum seekers with access to only one of the ACA signatories. This rule will apply to all ACAs in force between the United States and countries other than Canada, including bilateral ACAs recently entered into with El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras in an effort to share the distribution of hundreds of thousands of asylum claims. The rule will apply only prospectively to aliens who arrive at a US port of entry, or enter or attempt to enter the United States between ports of entry, on or after the effective date of the rule.” - Implementing bilateral and multilateral asylum cooperative agreements under the immigration and nationality act. US Citizenship and Immigration Services. Department of Homeland Security. 19 November 2019.

“To ensure that protection applicants transferred to Guatemala from the United States have access to a system to determine protection, Guatemala will not return of expel applicants for protection in Guatemala, unless the application is abandoned by the applicant or is formally rejected through an administrative decision.” - Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Guatemala on cooperation regarding the examination of protection claims. Office of Strategy, Policy and Plans. Department of Homeland Security. 20 November 2019.

#refugee #guatemala #libya #trafficking

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