#Airway Management Devices

[pharmanucleus1]

Airway Management Devices Market: Revolutionizing Patient Care

According to a recent study report, the airway management devices market is predicted to generate $1.8 billion in revenue in 2022, growing to $2.4 billion by 2028. This equates to a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.6% between 2022 and 2028. The research looks at market purchasing patterns, price analysis, patent valuation, conference and webinar materials, and industry trends. Several factors are propelling market growth, including a rise in surgical procedures, an increase in the prevalence of chronic respiratory illnesses such as asthma and COPD, and an increase in demand for airway management devices in emerging economies.

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Airway Management Devices Market Dynamic

DRIVER: Rising incidence of pre-term births globally

Preterm birth occurs when a baby is born before the full 37 weeks of pregnancy. Premature births have recently become more common on a global scale. Babies who have trouble breathing may benefit from mechanical ventilation. These infants may also have breathing difficulties, apnea, asthma, and other respiratory abnormalities. Taking these factors into consideration, the growing prevalence of pre-term neonates promotes demand for airway management equipment. Vendors are offering items that satisfy the needs of newborns and paediatric patients in order to address the need for products that come in a variety of sizes and forms for airway control.

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Restraint: Lack of reimbursement policies across emerging countries

Pricey airway management devices are rarely frequently utilised in emerging nations due to poor reimbursement systems or a lack of public health insurance coverage. Individuals are pushed to spend money they don't have because of ineffective policies and a lack of support for universal health care, which has a negative impact on the financial status of the poor throughout developing countries. Such circumstances have made a country more vulnerable to the threat of chronic diseases. Due to the high out-of-pocket costs of healthcare, the restricted adoption of costly medical devices such as video laryngoscopes and advanced surgical methods in developing countries has become a key market constraint.

OPPORTUNITY: Rising growth potential in developing countries

Market participants may anticipate future development opportunities from growing economies such as China, India, and Brazil. The primary motivation for development is because China and India have massive target patient populations. China's one-child policy has resulted in a considerable decrease in working-age population while increasing the elderly population. Furthermore, Malaysia and India have become important medical tourism hubs. Surgical procedures in these impoverished countries are substantially less expensive than in wealthier countries like the United States, Germany, France, and the United Kingdom. As the number of procedures grows, more airway management and anaesthetic treatments will be necessary.

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CHALLENGE: Dearth of skilled professionals

Advanced training is required for airway management procedures such as cricothyrotomy, tracheostomy, and endotracheal intubation. Due to a lack of knowledge regarding the optimal course of urgent treatment, the patient's health may deteriorate, the recovery period may prolong, and direct and indirect expenditures may rise. A scarcity of anesthesiologists and paramedics is a big concern for governments all over the world. The paucity of airway management equipment used in these surgeries has further impacted the efficacy and ability of healthcare facilities to provide surgical and emergency treatment.

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https://www.pharmanucleus.com/reports/airway-management-devices-market

Airway Management Devices Ecosystem

The airway management devices market is dominated by players such Medtronic (Ireland), ICU Medical

[med-tech-enthusiast]

homemade anesthesia machine pt 2 and kind of an explanation of how the bellows system works. this is also on my YouTube channel btw

[marketprofessional]

Industrial Snapshot of Airway Management Devices Market

The Airway Management Devices Market Report is a treasured source of insightful data for business strategists. It provides an in-depth assessment of numerous features of industries like market overview, present progress valuations, historical and future Studies, current trends, SWOT valuations, and clients operating in several regions. The study provides valuable information to magnify the understanding, scope, and segments of this report. The report covers a comprehensive analysis of Airway Management Devices Market segmentation and regional and country breakdowns. This research will offer a clear and exact idea about the whole industry to the readers to make beneficial decisions.

According to Straits Research, the global Airway Management Devices market size was valued at USD 1.7 billion in 2023. It is projected to reach from USD 1.8 billion in 2024 to USD 2.8 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 5.2% during the forecast period (2024–2032).

This study pinpoints noteworthy trends influencing the trajectory of the Gesture Recognition market's expansion. Within this recently issued report, crucial dynamics encompassing drivers, limitations, and prospects are underscored. These aspects hold relevance for well-established market entities as well as emerging stakeholders engaged in the realms of production and supply.

Request a Sample Report @ https://straitsresearch.com/report/airway-management-devices-market/request-sample

Competitive Analysis

The report contains an in-depth analysis of the vendor’s profile, including financial health, business units, key business priorities, SWOT, strategies, and views.

Medtronic

Teleflex Incorporated

Ambu A/S

Smiths Medical

Medline Industries, Inc.

Armstrong Medical Inc.

GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY

SonarMed

Mercury Medical

Smiths Group plc.

The vendors have been identified based on the portfolio, geographical presence, marketing & distribution channels, revenue generation, and significant R&D investments.

Request Sample Report of Global Airway Management Devices Market @ https://straitsresearch.com/report/airway-management-devices-market/request-sample

Vendors across different verticals are planning for high investments in this market, and as a result, the market is expected to grow at an impressive rate in the upcoming years. The key players are adopting various organic and inorganic growth strategies such as mergers & acquisitions, collaboration & partnerships, joint ventures, and a few other strategies to be in a strong position in the global market.

Market Segmentation Analysis

The report provides a wide-ranging evaluation of the market, providing in-depth qualitative insights, historical data, and supportable projections along with the assumptions about the Airway Management Devices Market size. The projections featured in the report have been derived using proven research methodologies and assumptions based on the vendor’s portfolio, blogs, white papers, and vendor presentations. Thus, the research report represents every side of the Airway Management Devices Market and is segmented on the basis of regional markets, offerings, applications, and end-users.

By Product

Supraglottic Devices

Infraglottic Devices

Resuscitators

Laryngoscopes

By Application

Anesthesia

Emergency Medicine

By End-User

Hospitals

Home care

Access Detailed Segmentation @ https://straitsresearch.com/report/airway-management-devices-market/segmentation

Regional Analysis

North America held the largest Airway Management Devices Market share in 2018 and is expected to dominate the market during the forecast period. The market will experience a steep rise in the following regions covered- North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa.

Benefits

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[marketsndata]

[comparableau]

Airway Management Devices Market was valued at US$ 1.5 billion in 2020 and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6% over the forecast period (2021-2027).

[mitalipingale]

https://justpaste.it/aq7lo

The Airway Management Devices Market is estimated to be US$ 1.9 billion in 2023, and is expected to reach US$ 2.99 billion by 2031 at a CAGR of 5.8% over the forecast period of 2023-2031.

[myblogscmi]

Global Airway Management Devices Market Is Estimated To Witness High Growth Owing To Increasing Demand for Advanced Airway Management Techniques.

The global Airway Management Devices Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 1,825.4 million in 2022 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 6.8% over the forecast period 2022-2030, as highlighted in a new report published by Coherent Market Insights. Market Overview: Airway management devices are medical devices used to secure a patient's airway during surgical procedures or in emergency situations. These devices play a crucial role in ensuring the adequate flow of oxygen to the lungs and removing carbon dioxide from the body. They are essential equipment for healthcare professionals in various specialties such as anesthesiology, emergency medicine, and intensive care. The key advantages of airway management devices include improved patient safety, effective ventilation, better control of airway obstruction, and reduced risk of complications during procedures. These devices are designed to provide ease of use, reliability, and optimal patient comfort. Market Key Trends: One key trend in the Airway Management Devices Market is the increasing adoption of video laryngoscopes. Video laryngoscopes are devices that provide a clear view of the patient's airway during intubation procedures. They consist of a camera and a digital display, which allows healthcare professionals to visualize the placement of the endotracheal tube more accurately. The use of video laryngoscopes offers several advantages over traditional direct laryngoscopy, such as improved visualization of the vocal cords, reduced intubation time, and higher success rates in challenging airway situations. For example, the Teleflex LMA CTrach™ video laryngoscope provides real-time video and imaging capabilities, allowing for precise intubation guidance. PEST Analysis: Political: The regulatory landscape plays a crucial role in the airway management devices market. Government agencies enforce strict regulations and standards to ensure the safety and effectiveness of these devices. Economic: The increasing prevalence of respiratory diseases and the growing geriatric population contribute to the demand for airway management devices. These factors drive market growth and create lucrative opportunities for key players. Social: Increasing awareness about the importance of airway management techniques in emergency situations and the rising demand for minimally invasive procedures propel market growth. Technological: Technological advancements in airway management devices, such as the integration of video imaging systems and the development of disposable devices, enhance their usability and efficiency. Key Takeaways: - The global Airway Management Devices Market is expected to witness high growth, exhibiting a CAGR of 6.8% over the forecast period. This growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for advanced airway management techniques and the rising prevalence of respiratory diseases. - North America is anticipated to dominate the airway management devices market due to the presence of well-established healthcare infrastructure, high healthcare expenditure, and technological advancements. - Key players operating in the global airway management devices market include Medtronic PLC, ICU Medical, Inc., Viggo Medical Devices, Teleflex Incorporated, Olympus America, Polymedicure, Ambu A/S, Verathon Inc., SourceMark, SunMed, KARL STORZ, Flexicare (Group) Limited, and Vyaire Medical. In conclusion, the global airway management devices market is set to experience significant growth in the coming years. Increasing demand for advanced airway management techniques, technological advancements, and a rising prevalence of respiratory diseases are the major factors driving this growth. Key players in this market are continuously innovating to improve patient outcomes and enhance the efficiency of these devices.

[serickswrites]

Cookies for Santa

Warnings: poisoning, unconsciousness, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, cpr, unclear character status

Team Leader walked into the kitchen of Base, surprised to see Smallest Teammate still up. "I thought everyone was asleep," Team Leader said as they stopped at the table where Smallest Teammate was heaping food from a take out box onto their plate.

"They are, but I'm starving." Smallest Teammate grabbed a pair of chopsticks from the bag on the table and began to eat.

"Didn't you all eat dinner?" Team Leader asked as they sat down. They had been gone most of the evening dealing with Organization's leadership and the repercussions of Whumper's escape from prison. While they were hungry, they were too exhausted and anxious to eat. But they knew they had to eat something or they would be useless for the rest of the team.

"Yeah, but, I'm still hungry. So I ordered some more food. Do you want some?"

Team Leader nodded and sniffed the box. "What did you order?"

"Noodles, tofu, and green beans. My usual." Smallest Teammate began to stuff food into their mouth with gusto. They made happy, little sounds as they chewed. "It's so good," they said with a mouthful of food, "try some."

Team Leader took a few green beans and took a bite. "Eugh, that's pretty bitter, Smallest Teammate. Is it usually that bitter?"

Smallest Teammate shrugged. "My mouth went numb a lot faster than normal. Maybe there's extra peppercorns in there."

Team Leader nodded and decided that perhaps a piece of dry toast was better. They didn't like the bitterness of the pepper corns, nor the numbness and tingling that came with them. "I'm making some tea, do you want any?"

Smallest Teammate shook their head and continued to eat. "Why were you gone so long?"

Team Leader sighed. "It was a long meeting. There was a lot to discuss. I don't know if we will have a good plan in the next few days or not. But we need to. Whumper can't be left to their own devices for long or we will be in deep trouble."

Team Leader's phone pinged from the other room. "I'll be right back," Team Leader said as they hurried out of the kitchen. It could be news on the plan to stop Whumper. Team Leader quickly read through all the notifications on their phone. None of them were important, but they needed to be sure.

"False alarm," they said softly as they walked back to the kitchen. "Anyway, we're still trying to figure out what to do. What do you think, Smallest Teammate?"

Smallest Teammate didn't respond. Thinking Smallest Teammate didn't hear them over the sounds of eating, Team Leader called out a little louder, "Smallest Teammate?"

But still Smallest Teammate didn't respond. Team Leader's mouth went dry as they crossed the threshold to the kitchen and could see Smallest Teammate on the floor, gasping for air.

"No!" Team Leader shouted as they hurried forward. Smallest Teammate had to be choking on something. Team Leader tried to pull Smallest Teammate to standing so they could do the heimlich, but Smallest Teammate was completely limp in their arms. "Hold on, I've got you. I've got you."

Smallest Teammate's head lolled on their neck as Team Leader quickly began the maneuver. But no matter how hard Team Leader pressed, Smallest Teammate's breathing didn't become easier. If anything it became more labored. "NNNNNNNNotttttttt ch-ch-ch-cho'nggggggg," Smallest Teammate gasped.

"What do you mean you're not choking?" Team Leader turned Smallest Teammate in their arms.

Smallest Teammate gasped for air, their mouth opening wide. Team Leader could see nothing obstructed their airway, or at least from what they could see. "F-F-F-Fooooood," Smallest Teammate managed to gasp out. "PPPPPPPPo--"

Smallest Teammate's words cut off as they struggled to breath. Poison. Poison had been the word they were trying to say, Team Leader was sure of it. "HELP!" Team Leader roared. They needed the rest of the team. "HELP!" They screeched as Smallest Teammate's eyes rolled into the back of their head.

Team Leader gently laid Smallest Teammate on their side and in the recovery position, hoping it would ease their breathing. "TEAMMATE ONE!" Team Leader shouted to the squad's medic. "GET YOUR ASS IN HERE PRONTO!

"Hold on, Smallest Teammate. Help is on the way," Team Leader murmured softly. "Smallest Teammate?" Smallest Teammate's loud gasps for air had stopped, their body completely still and the room suddenly silent.

"Smallest Teammate?" Team Leader said as they heard the sounds of the team hurrying towards them. Team Leader pressed their fingers to the pulse in Smallest Teammate's neck. "NO!" They shouted as they rolled Smallest Teammate on their back and began compressions. "You can't die, Smallest Teammate. You can't. Hold on!"

"What happened?" Teammate One said as they stopped in the doorway.

"Poison. I don't know what kind. But they've been poisoned. Hurry. They're not breathing, they're pulseless, and I don't know what to do other than CPR. Come on, Smallest Teammate, come on."

Team Leader never stopped their compressions as Teammate One began to order the rest of the team around. "Just keep doing that Team Leader, I'm figuring it out!"

Team Leader nodded. "Please, Smallest Teammate, just hold on. Hold on. Don't leave us yet. Come on, come on."

Tags: @mousepaw @jumpywhumpywriter @knightinbatteredarmor @hufflepuffwritingstuff2 @anightmarishwhump

@steh-lar-uh-nuhs @celestialsoyeon @st0rmm @ay5ksal @pedro-pedro-pedro-pedro-pe

@pepeniascat @artisticdemon @acer-whumpstuff

[cripplecharacters]

What sort of things (medication, other techniques etc.) would an asthmatic character use to manage their asthma day to day? Also, how are severe attacks managed in hospital?

Hi lovely asker!

So it depends on how severe of asthma they have and what type of asthma too.

So for some people they only have asthma that flares or is triggered during certain activities or when certain factors are at play. Extreme weather, allergens, exercise, smoke, fumes, are all things and for some people they will trigger an asthma attack. Here's a link from the CDC of triggers for asthma.

Medications: For the general person a Daily Steroid and an Bronchodilator are usually all that is needed. Here is an article from the Mayo Clinic that actually lists all the meds used to treat asthma. Its a bit heavy on the medical terms but it's a really good list the different types of Asthma and what meds are usually used to treat it.

Equipment: If needed there is home oxygen concentrators for at home along with portable oxygen concentrators as well. Nebulizers. CPT devices, percussion vest, PEP devices, are all also things that someone may or may not use. If needed Suction Devices also are an option for people who have a hard time clearing mucus/phlegm.

Techniques: CPT, and certain breathing techniques like Huff Coughing help. Here is a link to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation that talks more in dept about airway clearance.

If there are conditions in combination with asthma I would research to see how they would affect each other or if they exacerbate each other. Conditions like Cystic Fibrosis, GERD, COPD, Severe allergy conditions, connective tissue disorders, and others often cause complications with asthma. When conditions are in combination, often you'll need to treat one condition to treat the other condition. For example: Treating your GERD will decrease asthma symptoms because it's no longer irritating what it was, hence making it easy to breathe. Or something like Xolair and Cromolyn Sodium often can treat Asthma and Mast Cell Activation Syndrome together.

And In my experience, in a hospital setting, asthma attacks and the beginnings of them are treated with bronchodilators. If things get worse from there, things like steroid injections, epinephrine and of course oxygen as needed are used. If all that fails, intubation would be the next step if the person still isn't satting right and aren't getting oxygen.

That is all I can think of for now but if you have any more questions feel free to ask and good luck writing!

~ Mod Virus 🌸

[tinfoil-jones]

Early Amnesia AU: What was Stan and Rick's relationship like?

WARNINGS: TW self harm, toxic relationship

When Rick found Stan in the woods, he tased him, because Stan was in some dissociative state and tried to attack him. He would have just left him there if it weren't for the fact that Stan had survived a tasing device that would kill most humans. In fact, despite clearly already being injured in some way Rick couldn't immediately see (he was awfully sooty and his clothes were in bad condition), Stan was just unconscious, the shock didn't seem to damage him in any way.

So Rick was curious.

He was even more curious when the guy woke up and he was missing memories. He could remember his name - Stan, just Stan, Malone. He didn't know who he was really, where he came from. He'd been living on the streets for almost a decade and he remembered that. He remembered  criminal associates, places he'd been banned from, how much he hated cops and the IRS.

Rick didn't have a lot of friends or allies as it was. When your wife and daughter are dead, all of your closest friends are aliens, and a considerable amount of your social circle is just alternate versions of yourself, lonliness tends to happen.

This 'Stan' had no real connections with other people, and with the first 17 or so years of his life missing from his memory, he was nothing but curiousity.

Sure, he wasn't as smart as Rick (after all, he was the smartest man in the universe, it was objective fact within the central finite curve) but he was clever, he was tricky, and although his personality left a lot to be desired (not that Rick was one to talk) he could read and manipulate the people around him quite easily.

And more than anything else, the dude could take an insane amount of punishment. It didn't matter what he went through or put himself through, he always managed to just walk it off in some way, shape, or form.

Rick learned quickly that once you got his trust (which wasn't easy to get), he would do basically anything for you if you'd just let him stay by your side. Guy was lonely and desperate for connection, and Rick didn't mind the clinginess. It was nice to have someone be that devoted, yet require so very little from you back.

The first month was harsh. Stan had been fine at first, but it quicky became clear that he must have inhaled something bad, or a lot of something bad, because he had acute bronchitis - the bronchial tubes of his airway became irritated, and the irritation turned into a chest infection.

He was delirious with a fever, and it was a good thing Rick had a steady supply of advanced painkillers and narcotics, because keeping Stan unconscious was the only way to properly treat him. He needed an oxygen mask at the time, to deliver not just oxygen but an inhalant version of an antibiotic, but anytime he was awake he would try to tear it off, wheezing that he was being smothered or suffocated, so unaware that what was actually smothering him was the fluid build up and inflamation in his lungs, and the mask on his face was what was keeping him alive.

When Stan finally got better, he took to Ricks sci-fi adventures in stride. In fact, the whole prospect excited him, like a kid getting to live out their adventure fantasies. Except in this case, the grit and the violence didn't scare him away. Like Rick, he treated it like a challenge. Like another thrill.

In fact, for all of their differences, they had some glaring simularities.

Particularly, the tendency to be destructive. They were both self destructive, but while Stan tended to turn his destructiveness inwards and towards himself, Rick projected his destructiveness outwards and towards the very universe around him. Sometimes to multiple universes all at once.

And rather than temper each other out, they encouraged each other in the worst possible ways.

Stan got into an argument at the bar? Rick egged him on until it turned into a full scale brawl.

Rick was self harming by cutting into his thighs? Stan told him he could go deeper than that.

Stan wanted to steal something? Rick reminded him that he had quicker hands than that, he could steal more, in fact why not just burn the whole aisle down while you're at it?

Rick on so many substances his vision is dancing and he feels disconnected from his body? Stan urged him to take some more come on we're just getting started.

It's like they wanted to share their pain with each other but also make it worse until it felt good again. They'd push each others limits constantly.

But they also did influence each other positively, in very minor ways.

Stan didn't have his memories. He didn't remember being the "dumb twin" so he didn't have the self esteem issues he had before. However, he was still lazy. Rick encouraged him to apply himself in ways he otherwise wouldn't have - Stan of course you can learn Gromflomish, those bureaucrats can do it and they arent even real people. Stan you're not as good as me as math because no one else in the universe is, but you can learn math you just need to learn it in a different way. Working my inventions isn't hard its just like picking locks you love picking locks, Stan, you fuckin kleptomaniac.

Rick was often comforted and grounded by Stan in return, and reminded that he was still a human being and not a god or monster - You're nothing like that bastard Prime, you'd never hurt your family like that not even alternates. Rick, you're so brilliant, I'm glad that I met you. Its okay that you still love her even though she's gone, Rick, you're not wrong for that.

Ultimately, Rick did not fight Stan's decision to stay in their dimension and planet because they both knew that though they held a special place and time in each others lives, it was never meant to last. They would have either killed each other, or gotten each other killed.

[jumpywhumpywriter]

"The Lost Hero" - Crippled Hero Presumed Dead part 10

Warnings: crippled hero, hero with disabilities, retired hero, dying, choking, collapsed throat

"Or... the technology could be failing altogether. It might be fritzing out. If that's the case... Hero's breathing in borrowed time."

Hero was the only one who didn't look surprised by the revelation. it was bound to happen sooner or later, she wrote in ink.

"So you're just going to accept this?!" Logan shrilled angrily. How can you be so calm about this?!" It hurt, how little Hero valued her life. How she didn't care anymore.

Hero averted her eyes sadly, the pen moving effortlessly in her hand.

I'm sorry... I didn't live up to expectations... Help me infiltrate Supervillain's headquarters... and then we'll figure out what to do after that.

"If you even survive to 'after that'!" Logan threw up his hands in frustration. "Isn't there something we can do to fix this?!"

Noah glanced between him and Hero. "Well, with only the partial airway obstruction, Hero should still be able to breathe good enough to function as long as she doesn't overexert herself or do things that will spike her heart rate."

Hero snapped her fingers for attention, pen hitting paper. Good enough for me. Supervillain headquarters?

"What's so important that you want to go to Supervillain's headquarters when you're in such a terrible state?" Logan barked. "What's your reasoning?"

Hero seemed taken aback by the question, falling silent aside from raspy breaths.

...I've seen that Supervillain has advanced technology like Villain did, she wrote. If we hurry... maybe get my voice back? Fix my throat?

Logan's heart soared with hope. A chance. A chance was all they needed, no matter how slim.

"But... What if we don't make it in time? Before..." Noah voiced the question on everyone's mind: what if Hero dies before we find a fix?

Hero frowned. You already know the answer. But we don't have time to linger on 'what ifs'... She lurched up from the chair she was in to stand, balancing by holding onto the nearest table. She limped over and stooped down to pick up a box that she tossed at Logan's feet. It made a metallic clatter when it hit the floor.

Logan got the message, and scooped the box up, opening it to reveal--

"Fighting blades?" He glanced up in confusion to study Hero's face. "Does this mean you're wanting us to fight our way into Supervillain's headquarters?!"

Hero nodded, then gestured shakily at the door of her hideout, before sweeping her hand at all three of them as a whole. We fight together? it meant.

Logan exchanged an uneasy look with Noah, before his face tightened with determined resolve. "Yeah... let's do this. If we can beat the clock, maybe we can fix the device in Hero's throat before it fails completely."

Hero's eyes glittered with an unknown emotion, but there was a tiny flicker of relief mixed with gratitude there. She pushed herself upright from the wall she'd been leaning on for support, shaky and breathing hard. But she managed one staggering step, and another, making her way to the door.

It was finally sinking in that they were going to invade Supervillain's territory. The home of the deadliest criminal to ever exist. Logan's stomach flipped with fear and adrenaline as he followed Hero out, Noah on his heels.

The trip was made in silence, progress slow as Hero kept having to stop and rest every block or two to catch her breath. Her new limitations were taking a noticeable toll on her, her condition deteriorating fast. It was getting harder for her to keep breathing. Time was running out.

But finally, to everyone's relief, they reached their destination -- Supervillain's headquarters. It was a surprisingly unassuming building that looked just like every other one around it, a giant three-story dwelling. But despite its innocent look, Hero pointed angrily at it, confirming it as the place they were sneaking into.

Logan took a second to assess the entrance, eyeing the heavy-duty locks on the front door in dismay. "Do we actually have a plan to get in, or -- Hero? Where are you go--" He watched, baffled, as Hero limped confidently right up to the doors. He hurried to catch up, watching over her shoulder as she grabbed the lock with both hands. A second later and it buzzed loudly, making several quick popping sounds before it unlocked and fell off.

"Absolutely genius! You used your powers to short out the electronics, right??" Noah squealed excitedly. A faint self-satisfied smile tugged at the corners of Hero's mouth before a rough cough broke it.

Logan helped push the doors open to let Hero and Noah in. He was honestly shocked they even made it this far without being caught. But thinking that must have jinxed it, because there was an armed guard waiting inside, who let out an alarmed shout as the trio came stalking in.

⏪️ Back Next ⏩️

Masterlist

@scoundrelwithboba @lumpofsand @isikedmyself878 @iamheretohurt @fleur-a-whump

@ay5ksal @otterfrost @sausages-things @i-don't-know-sal @togzy

[justkidneying]

Skull Fractures: Le Fort I-III

Le Fort fractures are a specific type of midfacial fracture which can be split into three types: Type I, Type II, and Type III. These three types vary in severity and presentation. They are most commonly caused by high-speed or high-impact forces.

Facial and Cranial Anatomy 

Le Fort fractures of all types involve different bones which make up the facial structure. You can look up a picture of the skull if you don't know what I'm talking about, but you should have an idea of what's going on from. Anyways, the skull is 22 bones and that's too much to get into right now. Onto important stuff.

The mandible is not part of the skull and isn't part of what makes a Le Fort fracture, though facial trauma may also cause the fracture of this bone. It is also an important part of the facial anatomy and its misalignment with the other bones can help diagnose Le Fort fractures. 

Le Fort Type I

Le Fort type I injuries are the least damaging type of Le Fort fracture, though they still cause significant damage to the facial structures. This type of fracture involves the maxilla and pterygoid plates (four structures that are up inside the skull/back of the mouth) primarily. Due to the involvement of the maxilla, it can also be referred to as a trans-maxillary fracture. 

There are several mechanisms of injury for this type of fracture. Most commonly, it is caused by a downward blow to the face. This can be the result of a fall, assault (like stomping on someone's head), or motor vehicle accident, which causes the maxilla of the patient to impact a hard surface and detach from the rest of the facial structure. 

The downward force on the face causes the fracture of the internal structures of the maxillary sinus as well as the pterygoid plates. The fracture extends to the maxillary antrum, or the antrum of Highmore, which is a large sinus cavity that sits superior to the upper teeth and posteriorly to the nose. All three walls of the sinus are fractured, and the maxillary structures break away in a palate-facial separation.

Type I fractures oftentimes present with swelling in the upper lip and ecchymosis (bruising) to the maxilla and cheeks. The most telling sign of maxillary dissociation is malocclusion of the teeth. This means that the upper teeth are not in alignment with the lower teeth, which can be seen in dissociations and fracture of the maxilla and mandible. The triangular area of the face that comes away from the cranium is made of the maxilla, palate, and pterygoid plates.

The soft tissue damage of this fracture is mostly within the oral cavity, sinuses, and nasal cavities. This can cause the respiratory ability of the patient to become compromised. Because of the damage to the nasal passages and the possibility of fracture of the inner bones of the skull, a nasopharyngeal airway (NPA) device is not recommended. NPAs are devices made of a pliable foam or rubber, which are inserted through the nares, and allow for the linkage of the nasal openings to the pharynx (throat). When heavy facial trauma, especially to the nasal area, is present, NPAs are not indicated. Instead, airway management should be done with an endotracheal tube, which goes into the trachea (windpipe). This bypasses the damage done to the oral or nasal cavities and allows for the establishment of respiratory function. 

Other symptoms of the patient should be managed until they can reach a trauma center for further treatment, with the patient's airway, breathing, and cardiovascular function taking precedence. 

Le Fort Type II

Type II fractures are more severe than Type I. They involve more facial structures and cause a greater portion of the face to separate from the skull. This type of fracture involves the nasion, which is commonly referred to as the bridge of the nose. It also involves the medial wall of the orbit and the inferior orbital rims. Importantly, this type of fracture does not involve the zygomatic bones (cheek bones).

This fracture is best traced beginning at the nasion. The fracture extends laterally to the medial wall of the orbit and downward into the inferior orbital rim. It then crosses downward into the maxilla. Inside of the structure, the fracture extends superiorly to the hard palate, and ends with the separation of the pterygoid buttress. The section of bone that breaks away from the cranium is pyramidal in structure. 

The involvement of the orbit in this fracture increases the severity of this fracture because of the complexity of orbital bones as well as the involvement of the soft tissue of the eyes. The forces which are of a great enough magnitude to fracture this portion of the face can create severe damage to the delicate tissues inside the orbit, including blood vessels and the eyes themselves. 

Type II fractures present distinctly from Type I fractures. In Le Fort Type II fractures, there will be mobility in the maxilla, but the nasal region will move with the maxilla away from the other facial structures. The increased severity also opens a possibility of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage from the nasal passages. CSF leakage can be confirmed using a piece of gauze to absorb some of the fluid. As the CSF dries, it will create a distinct two-ringed figure, which mucous does not. CSF is also very clear and watery compared to mucous, which is yellowish and sticky. 

Due to the damage to the nasion and surrounding area, the intercanthal space (the distance between the corners of the eyes) has a high possibility of widening. This will lead to severe deformity of the normal facial structure. Bruising will be significant, with presentation of bruising on both orbital areas, or bilateral periorbital ecchymosis, sometimes called “racoon eyes.” 

As with Type I fractures, an NPA is not indicated, particularly when CSF leakage is present. This indicates a fracture deep enough to compromise the integrity of the intracranial space. If an NPA is used in this case, even the soft tip of the  device could worsen the intrusion into the cavity or cause severe damage to the sensitive nervous system structures. The airway should be established using an endotracheal tube instead. The patient should be transported with haste to the nearest trauma center.

Le Fort Type III

Type III fractures are the most severe type of Le Fort fracture. This type is also called a full facial-cranial separation. It involves the nasion, two walls of the orbit, the orbital rim, the zygomas, and the pterygoid plates. 

The path of this fracture can be traced starting at the nasion.  From there it extends laterally through the medial orbital rim and orbit. The fracture extends horizontally across the entire orbit and to the lateral rim. Finally, it extends downwards across the zygomatic arch and through the superior pterygoid plates. This fracture extends bilaterally through both sides of the facial structure5.

Due to the fracture extending horizontally through the orbit, there is a great risk of damage to the soft tissues of the eye. The fracture also extends parallel to the base of the cranium, and will cause a complete separation of the midfacial skeleton from the cranium. Because of this extreme dissociation, there is an increased risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. This leakage can result in infection or serious brain injury. 

This type of fracture is most typically caused by large amounts of force to the nasion and superior maxilla. This force is of a great enough magnitude to cause a fracture to extend through the entirety of the facial structure in a posterior and downwards direction. 

Many signs from Type I and II carry over, including bilateral periorbital ecchymosis, orbital edema, and buccal ecchymosis. However, Type III presents uniquely with a sign commonly called “dish-face deformity.” This condition results from the breakdown of the structure of the face, and results in a lengthened and shallowed face. There may also be a condition known as “orbital hooding” present, which is the drooping of the upper eyelid commonly seen when zygomatic structure is compromised. Battle’s sign may also be seen, which is the bruising of the mastoid region, or the region behind the ear. Enophthalmos, the sinking of the eyes posteriorly into the sockets, may also be seen. This is due to the severe damage to the orbital area. CSF may also leak out of the ears and nasal passages, called CSF otorrhea and CSF rhinorrhea, respectively. Blood may also be within the inner ear in a condition called hemotympanum. 

The severe damage to the facial bones, along with intracranial hemorrhaging and CSF leakage will most likely cause a patient with a Type III fracture to be treated as critical. Airway integrity should be maintained with an endotracheal tube, but if the oral airway is compromised, stabilization can be difficult without a tracheostomy. A tracheostomy is a procedure where an opening is made in the neck into the trachea, where a breathing tube can be inserted. This bypasses any oral damage and allows for the respiratory function of the patient to be secured. The patient should be rushed to a trauma center, as the signs presenting give an impression of a condition that can be lethal. 

Treatment

As with any trauma patient, those with Le Fort fractures should be stabilized to ensure the continuation of life before any effort is made to repair the damage to the face. This gives the patient’s airway, breathing, and circulatory systems precedence in their care. Once the patient reaches the emergency room of what is hopefully a trauma center, more specialized care can begin. This includes testing, scans, and stabilization. 

Computerized tomography (CT) scans are very useful to determine the extent of the fracture and the type. These scans use several x-rays and an interpreting computer system to create several  two-dimensional slices of the structures captured. This is important in severe facial injuries, as simple film x-rays do not typically provide enough data to accurately diagnose and see all of the damage done to the face. In Le Fort fractures, the most appropriate type of CT scan ordered is a non-contrast, fine cut scan with axial cuts. Contrast is a substance injected intravenously that allows for a better view of body structures on the scan, but it is not used in this case. Typically, contrast used in trauma cases is for abdominal injuries. The CT scan should be fine cut, which means that the slices of data gathered from the patient are 2 mm in width. This means more can be seen from the scan. 

The two main areas of treatment in facial fractures are reduction and fixation. Reduction is the process of putting the structures back where they are meant to sit. Reduction can either be open or closed. Open reduction requires the “opening” of the face through surgical means. Typically, this means that the fracture was too complex to be reset through external manipulation. A closed reduction is done without exposing the bone. This is done externally through manipulation of the structures. Fixation is the process of keeping the bones in the correct place, typically through the use of metal plates, wires, and screws.

Intermaxillary fixation can be used to repair or stabilize the fracture. This should be done after all CT scans are completed. Intermaxillary fixation uses metal pieces screwed to the maxilla to demobilize it. Typically, metal plates are also screwed to the mandible and wire is connected between the mandible and the maxilla. This will reestablish proper occlusion of the teeth. Intermaxillary fixation can be used to stabilize the face while other surgeries are done, or as the treatment itself.

Facial reconstruction is most likely with Type III fractures. In a broad sense, facial reconstruction includes the reduction and fixation detailed previously. However, it also includes more fine and cosmetic reconstruction. After a more severe fracture and the resulting fixation, the skin and formation of the face can be altered from the patient’s original appearance. Due to this, there may be more extensive work required by a plastic surgeon after the initial treatment to repair the bone structure.

The goals of the fracture repair are to reestablish proper structure and restore the integrity of the face. The correct facial projection should be reclaimed, as to correct any deformity or dish-face condition. The sinus cavities should also be repaired so that they have proper function and location within the facial structure. The realignment of the orbital and nasal structures is also important to the overall soundness of the facial structure and function. Finally, malocclusion should be remedied, as proper occlusion of the teeth is necessary for not only facial structure, but the function of the teeth and mouth in chewing food.

Outcomes

The recovery of this type of fracture can be long and difficult, but the ultimate outcome is generally good. Mortality rates of patients with complex facial fractures, which includes Le Fort fractures, are estimated around 11.6%. Mortality of patients with simple facial fractures is estimated around 5.1%. For Le Fort fractures specifically, there are different mortality rates for each type. For Type I, there is a 0% mortality rate. For a Type II fracture, there is a 4.5% mortality rate. For Type III fractures, there is an 8.7% mortality rate. 

Besides death, disability can also be the result of Le Fort fractures. The following conditions have been reported as a result of Le Fort fractures: difficulty breathing (31% of patients), difficulty chewing (40% of patients), vision issues (47% of patients), double vision (21% of patients), and excessive tearing and poor eye drainage (37% of patients). These disabilities can greatly affect the ability of the patient to return to normal activities. For Type I and II fractures, 70% of patients were able to return to work. For Type III fractures, only 58% reported being able to return to work. The facial deformities resulting from these fractures and their repair have an impact on the patient’s mental wellbeing. Of patients who had facial surgery, 89.1% reported satisfaction with the outcome of their appearance.

End Notes

Wow this was fucking long, wasn't it? I guess I just got going and couldn't stop. Now you know everything you need to know about Le Fort fractures, which was probably nothing. But anyways, I wanted to include the outcome of severe injuries like these because I feel like in fiction I don't see it enough. Like if you get that fucked up you're gonna need some help for a while. I also think I see too many NPAs in patients that don't need them or shouldn't have them, so I think that might be some valuable information. I'm gonna write on the structure of the nose eventually, but for the love of god don't stick anything up there, especially if someone has head trauma.

Thanks for reading :))

[sarahrcrebecca0715]

Alex and Jordan had been together for four years, their relationship marked by a deep emotional connection and shared dreams. They lived in a chic, urban apartment, a cozy sanctuary filled with personal touches—a collection of framed photographs from their travels, a collection of vinyl records, and soft, ambient lighting that created a warm atmosphere.

One evening, as the sun set and the city lights began to twinkle outside their window, Alex and Jordan decided to have a special night in. They cooked a dinner together, laughing and dancing in the kitchen, their joy palpable. Afterward, they settled into their bedroom, where the mood was intimate and tender. The evening was meant to be a celebration of their love—a moment of closeness and connection.

As Alex and Jordan lay together, their passion intensifying, Jordan suddenly gasped and collapsed. Alex was startled at first, thinking it might be a playful moment, but the realization quickly dawned that Jordan was unresponsive. Panic surged through Alex as they tried to rouse Jordan, shaking them gently, but to no avail.

Alex's heart raced as they noticed Jordan's lips were turning blue, and their chest was still. The horrifying truth set in: Jordan wasn’t breathing. Alex’s hands trembled as they remembered the basic steps of CPR from a first aid course they had taken years ago. Adrenaline surged as they placed Jordan on their back, positioning their hands on Jordan's chest, and began compressions. The pressure of the situation made each push feel like an eternity.

Alex’s mind was a whirlwind as they knelt beside Jordan, their breaths shallow and quick. Jordan's body lay on the cool floor, their once warm skin now alarmingly cold and colorless. The shock of the situation made every action feel both urgent and surreal.

Remembering the CPR steps from their first aid training, Alex positioned Jordan’s body flat on the ground. The floor seemed unyielding beneath their knees as Alex placed the heel of one hand on the center of Jordan’s chest, just below the nipple line. With the other hand, Alex interlocked their fingers on top and began compressions.

Alex applied their body weight, pushing down with firm, steady pressure. Each compression was met with resistance, and Alex could feel the slight give of Jordan’s sternum beneath their hands. They counted out loud, "One, two, three, four," their voice trembling with every number. The rhythm was critical—two compressions per second, each depression about two inches deep, a mechanical dance to keep the blood circulating.

Sweat beaded on Alex’s forehead, their arms aching with each push. Their breathing was ragged, but they focused on the task at hand, trying to maintain the correct rate and depth. Between compressions, Alex would tilt Jordan’s head back to open the airway, pinching the nose and giving two rescue breaths. They pinched their lips together, making a tight seal, and breathed into Jordan’s mouth, watching for the rise of the chest with each breath. The whole process was a grueling cycle of hope and exhaustion

While performing CPR, Alex’s hands were shaking, but they managed to dial 911. The dispatcher’s calm voice provided instructions, but every second felt like an eternity. Alex followed the advice, continuing compressions while trying to stay as composed as possible. They communicated their location and Jordan’s condition with a shaky but determined voice.

The arrival of the paramedics was a moment of mixed relief and anxiety. The bright flash of their ambulance lights and the loud, urgent sound of the sirens filled the apartment with a sense of both hope and foreboding. The paramedics, clad in their uniforms and armed with medical equipment, moved with practiced precision.

One paramedic quickly assessed Jordan’s condition, while another prepared the defibrillator. The device was a sleek, high-tech machine with pads and wires ready to deliver electric shocks. The paramedics worked seamlessly together, their movements swift and sure.

Alex watched with bated breath as the paramedics attached electrode pads to Jordan’s bare chest—one on the upper right side and the other on the lower left. The paramedics used the defibrillator to analyze Jordan’s heart rhythm. The machine beeped and whirred, the display screen showing an erratic, disorganized heart rhythm.

A paramedic called out, “Clear!” Everyone in the room stepped back. The defibrillator delivered a shock—a burst of electrical energy—through Jordan’s body. The force caused Jordan’s muscles to contract involuntarily, a sudden jolt that was both dramatic and unnerving.

The machine then displayed a rhythm, but Jordan’s heart did not sustain a normal rhythm. The paramedics repeated the process, reapplying CPR between shocks. Each cycle of defibrillation was punctuated by the mechanical sounds of the machine and the urgent commands of the paramedics. The defibrillator continued to analyze Jordan’s heart rhythm, each attempt a mix of hope and despair.

The room was a frenetic mix of beeping monitors, medical jargon, and Alex’s quiet sobs as they observed the paramedics’ relentless efforts. Each shock from the defibrillator was followed by another round of chest compressions. The paramedics’ faces were set with determination, their hands moving in a well-practiced rhythm as they alternated between CPR and defibrillation.

Alex’s emotional state fluctuated between optimism and desperation. They saw the defibrillator’s screen occasionally show a brief improvement in the rhythm, only for Jordan’s heart to falter again. The process was exhaustive—both physically for the paramedics and emotionally for Alex.

After several intense cycles, the defibrillator’s analysis finally showed a more stable rhythm. The paramedics prepared to transport Jordan to the hospital. They placed Jordan on a stretcher and connected them to additional monitoring equipment, their faces a mix of cautious optimism and professional detachment.

Alex, still reeling from the ordeal, stood by Jordan’s side as they were wheeled out. The sense of relief was tempered by the lingering fear of the unknown. Alex watched as the ambulance doors closed, their mind filled with a jumble of thoughts and emotions.

The hospital was a different kind of chaos—bright lights, beeping monitors, and the constant movement of medical staff. Alex sat in the waiting room, feeling like a spectator to their own nightmare. The sterile environment contrasted sharply with the warm intimacy of their home.

As hours ticked by, Alex’s thoughts were a whirlwind of memories and fears. They recalled the countless moments of joy and love they had shared with Jordan and wondered if this would be the end of their story. When the doctor finally arrived, the gravity of their words hit hard. Jordan’s condition was critical but stable, with a long road to recovery ahead.

Jordan’s recovery was slow and arduous. They were in a medically induced coma initially to stabilize their condition. When Jordan finally woke, their journey to recovery was marked by physical therapy, emotional support, and a series of medical evaluations. Alex was by their side through every step, offering support and encouragement.

The experience brought Alex and Jordan closer together. They had always been a loving couple, but the near-loss had deepened their appreciation for one another. They spent countless hours talking, sharing their fears and hopes, and reimagining their future together.

Jordan’s recovery was a testament to their strength and the power of love. The couple faced the challenges of rehabilitation together, their bond strengthened by the shared ordeal. Each small victory was celebrated with renewed gratitude and joy.

As Jordan continued to heal, Alex and Jordan emerged from the experience with a renewed sense of commitment. The trauma had transformed their relationship, infusing it with a deeper understanding of life’s fragility and the importance of cherishing each moment together.

Their future was now seen through the lens of resilience and hope. They embraced each day with a newfound appreciation for the gift of life and the strength of their love. The near-tragic event became a cornerstone of their shared journey, a reminder of the second chance they had been given and the enduring power of their bond.

[sarasa-cat]

Feeling behind on EVERYTHING thanks to probably-almost-definitely COVID recovery.

If left to my own devices, I sleep for 13.5 hours all in one go, just dead to the world oh so dead, not waking up for anything. That makes fitting everything else in a little bit difficult.

All that is really left is:

a. Managing the inflammation from low-grade viral-induced asthma which is definitely a thing I have experience with and do not enjoy.

b. Giving my body whatever time it needs to recover which means if sleep is what is on the menu during the best weather of the year (where I am) well, fml, but that is how it is gonna be.

In short, I'm going to be a bit flaky with being online for the rest of this month. Sometimes I will be VERY online as in EXCEEDINGLY online, and then other days I'll be making the best of what time I have to keep Life/Work/Shit moving forward and will probably seem like a ghost.

Low-grade viral induced asthma talk will commence here:

So, it is really simple: many different kinds of viruses can set off viral-induced asthmatic swelling of the airways. After the virus is long dead, the swelling persists. Fun times. 🙃

Normally, these days, if I am in a micro-climate that is dry enough** (I'm not talking desert bone dry, although I do like it, but just Not Perpetually Damp And Moldy), I just let all of my asthma medications expire at the bottom of an overstuffed medical-junk drawer in the bathroom. The only thing I take daily is a cocktail of OTC allergies meds.

When viruses attack --- as in the common cold, flu, etc. --- I dust those bad boys off and get on top of things as fast as possible while also making a point of AVOIDING ANY kind of irritating particulate air pollution that will set it off or make it worse. Cheap wet wood smoke? Neighbor's stank-ass BBQ? Get that shit outta my life.

The better course of action is the slow and boring kind: cancel the next 3 weeks of activities and just let it calm down with inhaled corticosteroids. But, if things get really bad or I am desperate need of immediate relief because my schedule cannot accommodate 3 weeks of doing very little followed by 2 more weeks of regaining my prior-to-attack aerobic stamina, I just break the glass and pop open the steroid step-down pack. Fast and effective, but annoying side effects can also occur.

Right now I have decided that things aren't bad enough for the BIG GUNS and that I can (grumbling grumbling grumbling) sorta afford to be on my ass for 3 weeks. But hooboy, I am not having a good time of it. (Oh, and that, that upcoming 10k fundraiser I had originally planned on staggering through? my participation is entirely, completely, no questions asked cancelled).

What I really want to do is just sit outside in a hot and dry place and let my whole body dry out. You might laugh but I am not joking about the power of that speeding things up. Unfortunately, despite it being august and living in a place that is definitely feeling the effects of global warming, it doesn't get hot enough here to be bathing suit weather under the baking hot sun. But, taking a picnic blanket+basket and a sketchbook to spread out under a tree in a park does sound like a good idea for tomorrow and Saturday (while dressed in long pants, t-shirt, and light cotton sweater).

Anyhow, for now I am taking the SLOW recovery route because I don't have anything forcing me to wage hardcore steroidal warfare on my body, which is precisely what the prednisone does.

But that means I will be flaky because my time is constrained. Some days I'll just say "fuck it" and have a sick day in bed with my laptop or phone and I'll be exceedingly online. Other days I'll make the best of the time I have to do all the adulting that still needs to be done by me, to get actual work done, or to make careful use of energy to (at this pace) inch-worm my way through the epic KonMari of various shit in my house & home-office/studio that needs to be organized.

This is really annoying and not how I planned on spending my august --- which is actually my favorite month of the year! But, oh well. OH WELL.

oh well.