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triviareads · 1 year ago

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Ever since I was mildly horrified that Colin Firth is a fancast for Lisa Kleypas's Lord Westcliff (by Lisa herself which.... come on, you need to pick someone who is not hot and yet inexplicably super attractive because of his "vitality" or whatever, Lisa), I've come to realize people actually liken Westcliff to Mr. Darcy, and even call It Happened One Autumn a 'spicy" version of Pride and Prejudice which.... well, we won't get into that particular suggestion, buuuuut I do think likening Darcy to Westcliff is kind of a disservice to both characters (and calling it "spicy" Pride and Prejudice is a disservice to both texts).

For all that Westcliff is shown as this perfect paragon of aristocratic virtue, he's honestly.... kind of not. Apart from him and Darcy sharing a sense of duty and a degree of aristocratic snobbery (which, tbh, most aristocrats or gentlemen would have at the time), they really aren't all that similar personality-wise

Do I think the narrative about Darcy being a brooding borderline douchebag was pushed by by fans post-1995 Pride and Prejudice? Maybe. To a degree. But let's be real here, Westcliff comes way closer to being a dbag than Darcy ever does, particularly his hot-and-cold behavior with Lillian (the time he calls her an easy target for St. Vincent and then immediately pounces on her and fingers her in his butterfly garden comes to mind). Darcy's behavior towards Lizzy is fairly consistent; it's just, they both misinterpret one another's actions until the proposal makes everything clear. That's not to say they don't change their attitudes afterwards, but there was always civility at the least.

And I don't think Darcy is a super broody type, but he is definitely shy around people he doesn't know (awkward too), and seems like the type to socialize with a few close friends (like I'm convinced his only confidantes are Bingley, and then his own cousin Col. Fitzwilliam). Westcliff on the other hand displays no qualms about socializing in large groups, in fact, he seems to command a lot of attention in large group settings like balls and the big house parties he hosts (routinely, based on Secrets of a Summer Night, where he's described as an accomplished host).

I know it's hard to compare a text with on-page sex to a text that is much older and has no point of comparison, but there was this detail in Secrets of a Summer Night that stood out to me:

This is veering into headcanon territory but the more generous headcanon I have regarding Darcy's premarital sex life is largely "widows" and "older women" and that too... I imagine it's a limited number (otherwise, he's a virgin. or partially a virgin; that's my favorite). What I'd never think Darcy would do is "join in" with any village wenches in Lambton (a combination of his shyness and upper-class snobbery about socializing with the lower classes for fun). Nor do I think he'd he exhibitionist enough to do things with paramours at parties where friends could see him. Interestingly, in IHOA, Livia comments that Westcliff has had a few discreet affairs and nothing more, but between a secluded sister and a friend who routinely goes around town with him, I believe Simon Hunt lol; that being said Westcliff is deffo more of a society affair type than a sex worker/courtesan mistress type. To be clear, this isn't me judging Westcliff for having sex with a lot of women, it's just, again, for all that he outwardly behaves in a proper fashion, he really isn't, and has relatively relaxed views on propriety, even as he judges Lillian for her lack of it at first.

In his second proposal to Elizabeth, Darcy basically said he understands that "no means no", while Westcliff..... does not quite understand that.

Ways Westcliff is similar to Darcy:

They both are brought to their knees by women who initially don't fit within their notion of a "right" spouse. But that's such a broad trope, as is the fact that they both "save" their heroines in some sense.

There's a decent amount of language in P&P describing Darcy as a a fair-minded master and "liberal"; while I don't know enough to speculate on his actual politics (though I have read some pieces that suggest he might be, based on, among other things, the real-life figure Jane Austen may have named him after, the Earl Fitzwilliam), what we do know is that he's liberal in the sense of being a very involved master at his estate, liberal with money where his estate and tenants are involved. Basically, he's not stodgy and backwards, just like Westcliff is when it comes to his estate and tenants. Kleypas takes Westcliff's liberal attitudes a step further by aligning him with progressive causes and progressive politicians.

Look, both Westcliff and Darcy are classist to a degree; both initially balk at marrying women with connections to trade, but ultimately, they a) go ahead with marrying them anyway and b) we know they like to associate with people in trade in other ways. For example, Darcy and Bingley are good friends in the way that Westcliff and Simon Hunt are friends. Plus, we know Darcy gets on really well with Elizabeth's Aunt and Uncle Gardner (who are in trade), to the point that they're frequent visitors at Pemberley after their marriage. Basically, their snobbery is not universal.

Westcliff and Darcy are good to their siblings but even here, the actual sibling relationships are different. Westcliff is closer in age to both his sisters so their relationship is (mostly) noninterfering (tbh Westcliff exercises remarkable forbearance when McKenna returns) and Westcliff is less high-handed than I imagine Darcy is with Georgiana who, based on their age gap, likely regards him as a second father of sorts.

#lisa kleypas #pride and prejudice #mr. darcy #jane austen #historical romance #romance novels

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teatalkblog · 1 month ago

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BEST BOOKS I READ IN 2024 📖

(book descriptions by @/goodreads)

All the Light We Cannot See, Anthony Doerr [historical fiction]

Marie-Laure lives in Paris near the Museum of Natural History, where her father works. When she is twelve, the Nazis occupy Paris and father and daughter flee to the walled citadel of Saint-Malo, where Marie-Laure’s reclusive great uncle lives in a tall house by the sea. With them they carry what might be the museum’s most valuable and dangerous jewel. In a mining town in Germany, Werner Pfennig, an orphan, grows up with his younger sister, enchanted by a crude radio they find that brings them news and stories from places they have never seen or imagined. Werner becomes an expert at building and fixing these crucial new instruments and is enlisted to use his talent to track down the resistance. Deftly interweaving the lives of Marie-Laure and Werner, Doerr illuminates the ways, against all odds, people try to be good to one another.

Americanah, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie [contemporary fiction]

Ifemelu and Obinze are young and in love when they depart military-ruled Nigeria for the West. Beautiful, self-assured Ifemelu heads for America, where despite her academic success, she is forced to grapple with what it means to be black for the first time. Quiet, thoughtful Obinze had hoped to join her, but with post-9/11 America closed to him, he instead plunges into a dangerous, undocumented life in London. Fifteen years later, they reunite in a newly democratic Nigeria, and reignite their passion—for each other and for their homeland.

Blindness, José Saramago [dystopia/TW]

A city is hit by an epidemic of "white blindness" that spares no one. Authorities confine the blind to an empty mental hospital, but there the criminal element holds everyone captive, stealing food rations, and assaulting women. There is one eyewitness to this nightmare who guides her charges—among them a boy with no mother, a girl with dark glasses, a dog of tears—through the barren streets, and their procession becomes as uncanny as the surroundings are harrowing.

Bolla, Pajtim Statovci [historical fiction]

April 1995. Arsim is a twenty-four-year-old, recently married student at the University of Pristina, in Kosovo, keeping his head down to gain a university degree in a time and place deeply hostile to Albanians. In a café he meets a young man named Miloš, a Serb. After these fevered beginnings, Arsim and Miloš’s unlikely affair is derailed by the outbreak of war, which sends Arsim’s fledgling family abroad and timid Miloš spiraling down a dark path, as depicted through chaotic journal entries. Years later, deported back to Pristina after a spell in prison and now alone and hopeless, Arsim finds himself in a broken reality that makes him completely question his past. What happened to him, to them, exactly? How much can you endure, and forgive?

Class Trip, Emmanuel Carrère [mystery/horror]

Faithful to the strict logic that governs a child's mind, Carrère recounts Nicolas's feverish fantasies stoked by the lurid tales of kidnapping and organ theft he has been told by his father. The fantasies grow frighteningly real when a child from the local village disappears. Sure that the child has fallen victim to one of the organ bandits his father always warns him about, Nicolas convinces a classmate to help him investigate the matter in the best heroic school-boy style. But in this wrenching novel, the fantasy of two young boys fearlessly braving dangers to capture the bad guys gives way to a much simpler, more sinister, more devastating reality.

Educated, Tara Westover [memoir]

Tara Westover was 17 the first time she set foot in a classroom. Born to survivalists in the mountains of Idaho, she prepared for the end of the world by stockpiling home-canned peaches. Her father forbade hospitals, so Tara never saw a doctor or nurse. The family was so isolated from mainstream society that there was no one to ensure the children received an education and no one to intervene when one of Tara's older brothers became violent. Then, lacking any formal education, Tara began to educate herself. She taught herself enough mathematics and grammar to be admitted to Brigham Young University, where she studied history, learning for the first time about important world events like the Holocaust and the civil rights movement. Her quest for knowledge transformed her, taking her over oceans and across continents, to Harvard and to Cambridge. Only then would she wonder if she'd traveled too far, if there was still a way home.

Fried Green Tomatoes at The Whistle Stop Cafe, Fannie Flagg [historical fiction]

The book is a now-classic novel about two women: Evelyn, who is in the sad slump of middle age, and gray-headed Mrs. Threadgoode, who is telling her life story. Her tale includes two more women, the irrepressibly daredevilish tomboy Idgie and her friend Ruth who back in the thirties ran a little place in Whistle Stop, Alabama, offering good coffee, southern barbecue, and all kinds of love and laughter, even an occasional murder. And as the past unfolds, the present will never be quite the same again.

Gilded Needles, Michael McDowell [historical fiction]

German Black Lena was queen of The Black Triangle, Manhattan's decadent empire of opium dens, gambling casinos, drunken sailors, gaudy hookers, and back room abortions. With her daughters and grandchildren, Black Lena led a ring of consummate female criminals—women skilled in the art of cruelty. Only a few blocks away, amidst the elegant mansions and lily-white reputations of Gramercy Park and Washington Square lived Judge James Stallworth. He was determined to crush Lena's evil crew, and with icy indifference he ordered three deaths in her family. Then, one Sunday, all the Stallworths receive individual invitations—invitations to their own funerals. Black Lena has vowed a reign of revenge. Can even the Stallworth fortune and awesome power save them from her diabolical lust for revenge?

Little Brother: A Refugee's Odyssey, Ibrahima Balde [memoir]

The author, Ibrahima Balde, was rescued at sea and found refuge in the Basque Country of Spain. Based on his true-life story told to a traditional bard from the Basque Country and retold here, Little Brother is a deeply moving, eye-opening novel that gives voice and a face to the refugee crisis, illuminating the plight of migrants from many lands. His journey, full of hardships and sometimes on foot, takes Ibrahima north to Mali and across the Sahara Desert to the refugee camps of North Africa—to Algeria, Libya, and then back west to Morocco. Stopping along the way to recover physically or earn money, he encounters untold cruelties as well as kindness.

Mornings in Jenin, Susan Abulhawa [historical fiction]

In the refugee camp of Jenin, Amal is born into a world of loss—of home, country, and heritage. Her Palestinian family was driven from their ancestral village by the newly formed state of Israel in 1948. As the villagers fled that day, Amal's older brother, just a baby, was stolen away by an Israeli soldier. This is Amal's story, the story of one family's struggle and survival through over sixty years of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, carrying us from Jenin to Jerusalem, to Lebanon and the anonymity of America. It is a story shaped by scars and fear, but also by the transformative intimacy of marriage and the fierce protectiveness of motherhood. It is a story of faith, forgiveness, and life-sustaining love.

Of Mice and Men, John Steinbeck [historical fiction]

Laborers in California's dusty vegetable fields, George and Lennie hustle work when they can, living a hand-to-mouth existence. But they have a plan: to own an acre of land and a shack they can call their own. While the powerlessness of the laboring class is a recurring theme in Steinbeck's work of the late 1930s, he narrowed his focus when composing Of Mice and Men, creating an intimate portrait of two men facing a world marked by petty tyranny, misunderstanding, jealousy, and callousness. But though the scope is narrow, the theme is universal: a friendship and a shared dream that makes an individual's existence meaningful.

Someday This Pain Will Be Useful To You, Peter Cameron [contemporary fiction]

It’s time for eighteen-year-old James Sveck to begin his freshman year at Brown. Instead, he’s surfing the real estate listings, searching for a sanctuary—a nice farmhouse in Kansas, perhaps. Although James lives in twenty-first-century Manhattan, he’s more at home in the faraway worlds of Eric Rohmer or Anthony Trollope—or his favorite writer, the obscure and tragic Denton Welch. James’s sense of dislocation is exacerbated by his willfully self-absorbed parents, a disdainful sister, his Teutonically cryptic shrink, and an increasingly vague, D-list celebrity grandmother. Compounding matters is James’s growing infatuation with a handsome male colleague at the art gallery his mother owns, where James supposedly works at his summer job but where he actually plots his escape to the prairie.

The Girls, Emma Cline [historical fiction]

Northern California, during the violent end of the 1960s. At the start of summer, a lonely and thoughtful teenager, Evie Boyd, sees a group of girls in the park, and is immediately caught by their freedom, their careless dress, their dangerous aura of abandon. Soon, Evie is in thrall to Suzanne, a mesmerizing older girl, and is drawn into the circle of a soon-to-be infamous cult and the man who is its charismatic leader. Hidden in the hills, their sprawling ranch is eerie and run down, but to Evie, it is exotic, thrilling, charged—a place where she feels desperate to be accepted. As she spends more time away from her mother and the rhythms of her daily life, and as her obsession with Suzanne intensifies, Evie does not realize she is coming closer and closer to unthinkable violence, and to that moment in a girl’s life when everything can go horribly wrong.

The Master Key, Masako Towaga [mystery/crime]

In postwar Tokyo, the K Apartment House for ladies is about to be moved intact in a highly publicized engineering feat. Then, flashback seven years to one of its occupants and her confederate—a man dressed in woman's clothes—as they bury a child's body in an unused communal bath beneath the building. A second flashback tells of the kidnapping of four-year-old George Kraft, son of an American army officer and his Japanese wife. The stage is set. The actors are a few of the present-day occupants of the K apartments-single, lovely, obsessed, neurotic-each life a novel in itself, told in a spare, unembellished style that never lapses into the sentimental. Manipulated by hidden strings, their actions and reactions lead to suicide, murder, and some final surprising revelations.

The Notebook Trilogy, Ágota Kristóf [historical fiction/TW]

The trilogy tells the story of twin brothers, Claus and Lucas, locked in an agonizing bond that becomes a gripping allegory of the forces that have divided "brothers" in much of Europe since World War II. Kristof's postmodern saga begins with The Notebook, in which the brothers are children, lost in a country torn apart by conflict, who must learn every trick of evil and cruelty merely to survive. In The Proof, Lucas is challenging to prove his own identity and the existence of his missing brother, a defector to the "other side". The Third Lie, which closes the trilogy, is a biting parable of Eastern and Western Europe today and a deep exploration into the nature of identity, storytelling, and the truths and untruths that lie at the heart of them all.

The Reluctant Fundamentalist, Mohsin Hamid [historical fiction]

Changez is living an immigrant's dream of America. At the top of his class at Princeton, he is snapped up by an elite valuation firm. He thrives on the energy of New York, and his budding romance with elegant, beautiful Erica promises entry into Manhattan society at the same exalted level once occupied by his own family back in Lahore. But in the wake of September 11, Changez finds his position in his adopted city suddenly overturned, and his relationship with Erica shifting. And Changez's own identity is in seismic shift as well, unearthing allegiances more fundamental than money, power, and maybe even love.

The Shards, Bret Easton Ellis [historical fiction/TW]

17-year-old Bret is a senior at the exclusive Buckley prep school when a new student arrives with a mysterious past. Robert Mallory is bright, handsome, charismatic, and shielding a secret from Bret and his friends even as he becomes a part of their tightly knit circle. Bret's obsession with Mallory is equaled only by his increasingly unsettling pre-occupation with The Trawler, a serial killer on the loose who seems to be drawing ever closer to Bret and his friends, taunting them-and Bret in particular-with grotesque threats and horrific, sharply local acts of violence. The coincidences are uncanny, but they are also filtered through the imagination of a teenager whose gifts for constructing narrative from the filaments of his own life are about to make him one of the most explosive literary sensations of his generation. Can he trust his friends-or his own mind-to make sense of the danger they appear to be in? Thwarted by the world and by his own innate desires, buffeted by unhealthy fixations, he spirals into paranoia and isolation as the relationship between The Trawler and Robert Mallory hurtles inexorably toward a collision.

The Summer That Melted Everything, Tiffany McDaniel [historical fiction]

When local prosecutor Autopsy Bliss publishes an invitation to the devil to come to the country town of Breathed, Ohio, nobody quite expected that he would turn up. They especially didn't expect him to turn up a tattered and bruised thirteen-year-old boy. Fielding, the son of Autopsy, finds the boy outside the courthouse and brings him home, and he is welcomed into the Bliss family. The Blisses believe the boy, who calls himself Sal, is a runaway from a nearby farm town. Then, as a series of strange incidents implicate Sal—and riled by the feverish heatwave baking the town from the inside out—there are some around town who start to believe that maybe Sal is exactly who he claims to be. But whether he's a traumatised child or the devil incarnate, Sal is certainly one strange fruit: he talks in riddles, his uncanny knowledge and understanding reaches far outside the realm of a normal child—and ultimately his eerily affecting stories of Heaven, Hell, and earth will mesmerise and enflame the entire town.

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incoldbloodsblog · 4 months ago

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High-Profile Murder Cases of India: What We Know So Far

In India, there have been lots of crime cases that have made headlines in the news and it have also triggered debate across the country. These cases aren’t all about crimes but they’re more about justice, fairness, and the way they are affecting society. From horrific murders to enormous corporate frauds, these events have turned into tragedies that affected and stayed in our country forever. Focusing on what happened behind the curtains, on the judgments, and the consequences that occurred as a result. Hence, now we are on the way through the roller coaster of these thrilling events, that became the focus of the nation’s attention.

https://blog.ipleaders.in/

1. Transsexual burns childhood friend alive in Tamil Nadu

Transsexual burns childhood friend alive in Tamil Nadu On Christmas day, last year, 27-year-old Vetrimaran (born as Pandi Maheswari), burned his childhood friend, R Nandhini alive, suspecting that Nandhini was not romantically interested in him. The incident took place in Chennai's Thazhambur, on Nandhini's birthday eve. Vetrimaran, who underwent a sex reassignment surgery to marry Nandhini, took her out on the pretext of a birthday surprise. Vetrimaran then blindfolded Nandhini, tied her with a chain and slashed her wrist using a blade before setting her ablaze. Locals heard her screams and rushed her to the hospital where she succumbed to her injuries. Vetrimaran confessed to the crime during police interrogation.

https://indianexpress.com/

2. Shraddha Walkar murder case

Shraddha Walkar (27) was murdered by her live-in boyfriend Aaftab Poonawala on May 18, 2022, in Delhi. Aaftab strangled Shraddha over an arguement and dismembered her body into 35 pieces using different kinds of weapons, which he disposed off individually in the Chhatarpur forest. He stored her body parts in a 300-litre fridge. Poonawala was held on November 12 by Delhi police and confessed to the killing during interrogation. The case came to light after about six months, when Shraddha's father filed a missing person's complaint. He demanded capital punishment for Aaftab and a thorough probe against the Poonawala family.

https://www.hindustantimes.com/

3. Hyderabad doctor raped, set ablaze

A 26-yr-old veterinary doctor in Telangana was sexually assaulted, smothered and set ablaze. According to police reports, the victim after parking her two-wheeler, hired a taxi and went to a dermatologist's office. The four accused noticed her while parking and deflated her vehicle's tire in her absence. Upon returning the victim was offered help by the accused who then ambushed her. Three of the accused pushed her into the nearby bushes, poured whiskey into her mouth to put an end to her screams for help, and sexually assaulted her until the victim bled and lost consciousness. When she regained consciousness, she was smothered and her corpse was carried for 27 km. The victim's body was wrapped up in a blanket and set ablaze at 2.30 am on the Hyderabad Outer Ring Road under a bridge using furl. The four accused were killed in a police encounter, at 3.30 am on December 6, 2019.

https://www.indiatoday.in/

4. Nithari serial killings case

The Nithari killings case came to light after the disappearance of several children from Nithari village in Noida and when 8 skeletal remains of kids were found from the drain of Moninder Singh Pandher's house on December 29. Investigations pointed to Moninder and his domestic help Surinder Koli who were arrested. After 60 days of police custody, Koli confessed to luring and murdering the victims. The confession included necrophilia, cannibalism and dismembering of the corpses. The duo was convicted of rape and murder but were acquitted due to lack of evidences.

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/

5. Tandoor murder case

Naina Sahni, wife of Sushil Sharma, was shot by her husband over suspicion of an extramarital affair on July 2, 1995. Her body was chopped into pieces and stuffed into a tandoor which was managed by Sharma's friend. Smoke from the tandoor attracted police who were patrolling in the area. Sharma was arrested after Naina's half-burnt body parts were found. He was awarded the death sentence, but the Supreme Court commuted it to life imprisonment. Sharma was released from prison after 23 years.

https://theprint.in/

6. Sheena bora murder case

Sheena Bora (24) was allegedly strangled in a car by Indrani Mukherjee, her then-driver Shyamvar Rai, and her former husband Sanjeev Khanna in April 2012. Sheena's body was later found burnt in a forest in Raigad district. Financial disputes as well as Indrani's opposition to Sheena's relationship was the motive for the killing. The crime came to light 3 years later when Shyamvar was arrested in another case and turned approver in the Sheena Bora murder case which led to Indrani's arrest. The CBI convicted Indrani but the Supreme Court granted her bail citing that she had already been in custody for six-and-a-half years.

https://www.thehindu.com/

7. Sanjay & Geeta Chopra murder case

Siblings Geeta Chopra (16) and Sanjay Chopra (14) were kidnapped and murdered in 1978 in New Delhi while they were on their way to the All India Radio (AIR) office to participate in a programme called 'Yuvavani'. Kuljeet Singh (alias Ranga Khus) and Jasbir Singh (alias Billa) were convicted for the crime. They abducted the siblings for ransom, on the pretext of giving them a ride to their destination, but later killed them upon knowing that their father was a naval officer. They first killed Sanjay, then raped and killed Geeta. Ranga and Billa were sentenced to death and were executed on January 31, 1982. The body of the siblings were found in advanced stage of decomposition and so the evidence of sexual assault could not be gathered. However, forensic evidence such as hair, fingerprints, and bloodstains were found. The siblings were awarded the Kirti Chakra on April 5, 1981, and two bravery awards 'Sanjay Chopra Award' and 'Geeta Chopra Award' were instituted in their honour.

https://www.ndtv.com/

8. Delhi biryani murder case

A video of a 16-year-old boy stabbing another boy in Delhi's Welcome colony went viral on social media. The allegedly drunk 16-yr-old stabbed the victim 55 times with a knife. According to the Delhi police the victim was attacked over money for biryani. The perpetrator had asked money from the teen who refused. The accused strangled the victim and killed him by stabbing him in the face, neck and below the eyes. CCTV footage showed that the perpetrator, in an inebriated state, dancing around the dead body. He was arrested immediately by the Delhi police.

https://indianexpress.com/

Conclusion

Criminal cases not only reveal the darker side of society but also shed light on the complexities of human behavior, justice, and law enforcement. As these stories unfold, they remind us of the ongoing fight for truth and accountability. Each case is a stark reminder of the importance of vigilance, social responsibility, and the role of the legal system in ensuring justice. By staying informed and engaged, we contribute to a society where crime is confronted, and justice prevails.

Sources:

www.hindustantimes.com

www.britannica.com

#crime #murder drones #mental health #radical feminist safe #women safety #murder mystery

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moneeb0930 · 2 years ago

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Choctaw Tribe

The Choctaw were first noted by Europeans in French written records of 1675. Their mother mound is Nanih Waiya, a great earthwork platform mound located in central-east Mississippi. Early Spanish explorers of the mid-16th century in the Southeast encountered ancestral Mississippian culture villages and chiefs.

The Choctaw coalesced as a people in the 17th century and developed at least three distinct political and geographical divisions: eastern, western, and southern. These different groups sometimes created distinct, independent alliances with nearby European powers. These included the French, based on the Gulf Coast and in Louisiana; the English of the Southeast, and the Spanish of Florida and Louisiana during the colonial era.

Most Choctaw allied with the Americans during American Revolution, War of 1812, and the Red Stick War, most notably at the Battle of New Orleans. European Americans considered the Choctaw to be one of the "Five Civilized Tribes" of the Southeast. The Choctaw and the United States agreed to a total of nine treaties. By the last three, the US gained vast land cessions in the Southeast. As part of Indian Removal, despite not having waged war against the United States, the majority of Choctaw were forcibly relocated to Indian Territory from 1831 to 1833. The Choctaw government in Indian Territory had three districts, each with its own chief, who together with the town chiefs sat on their National Council.

Those Choctaw who chose to stay in the state of Mississippi were considered state and U.S. citizens; they were one of the first major non-European ethnic groups to be granted citizenship. Article 14 in the 1830 treaty with the Choctaw stated Choctaws may wish to become citizens of the United States under the 14th Article of the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek on all of the combined lands which were consolidated under Article I from all previous treaties between the United States and the Choctaw.

During the American Civil War, the Choctaw in both Indian Territory and Mississippi mostly sided with the Confederate States of America. Under the late 19th-century Dawes Act and Curtis Acts, the US federal government broke up tribal land holdings and dissolved tribal governments in Indian Territory in order to extinguish Indian land claims before admission of Oklahoma as a state in 1907. From that period, for several decades the US Bureau of Indian Affairs appointed chiefs of the Choctaw and other tribes in the former Indian Territory.

During World War I, Choctaw soldiers served in the US military as some of the first Native American codetalkers, using the Choctaw language. Since the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the Choctaw people in three areas have reconstituted their governments and gained federal recognition. The largest are the Choctaw Nation in Oklahoma.

Since the 20th century, the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians were federally recognized in 1945, the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma in 1971, and the Jena Band of Choctaw Indians in 1995

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silverslipstream · 1 year ago

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Happy WBW! What's the in story lore behind the main setting? Why did people build a city/town/village/etc there in the first place? Why do people continue to live there? Are tourists common and if yes, what brings them there?

-HD

Happy Worldbuilding Wednesday (sleepless Jeb says on Thursday), and thank you for the ask, Hyper Discourse!

Honestly, White Sky has a stupidly high lore-and-backstory-to-actual-plot ratio: there's pages upon pages of stuff that'll never exist as more than the odd reference or infodump. There's a lot we could go into - the depths of White Sky's alternate world history, the evolution of spacecraft and human habitation in space, the plans for colonization of the outer planets... for now though, we'll focus on the Moon, as it's a major location in the plot and forms much of the setting.

The Moon, or Luna as it's commonly known politics-wise, was first landed on by humans on July 20th, 1969, when the American lunar mission Apollo 11 touched down on the lunar surface. Commander James A. Lovell Jr. left the Lunar Module the following day, and became the first human to set foot on another world. Not wanting to be outdone, the USSR landed General Alexei Leonov on the Moon in February of the following year aboard Soyuz-9L. Thus began the world powers' feverish race to the Moon, a race which saw its fair share of fatalities and casualties. Nevertheless, by 1980, both countries had their first lunar outposts on the Moon - the Soviets had Zvezda, and the US had Moonlab. Gradually, these meagre outposts morphed into fully equipped and inhabited bases: by 1995, at least twelve people permanently occupied the lunar surface at any given time. After the Thermospheric Wars ended in 2002 with the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Earth-Luna Treaty Organisation (ELTO) was established to oversee and regulate access to space. This coincided with the rise of other governments and nations as emerging space powers, such as the European Union (ESA), Japan (JAXA) and China (CNSA). Gradually, the Moon's population grew as nations staked their claims to lunar territory. The first precursors to the present-day domed cities were basic cities developed in the late-2010s and early-2020s: distinct from the myriad research complex, these habitats were designed purely for human habitation and tourism. Supported by the forebears of modern mega-corporations, Earth's ultra-wealthy began to invest, travel and build. During times of turmoil on Earth in the mid-21st century, Luna was a growing refuge; a home away from home for thousands of tourists, researchers and workers. Earth's reliance on lunar helium-3 after the oil wars only accelerated this process, and the end result is what we see in the current setting of White Sky: pinpricks of light and warmth covering our satellite in Earth's night sky.

Luna is, of course, heavily regulated. Several cities with a combined population of almost 150,000 would be trivial on Earth. On a world 240,000 miles away and naturally inhospitable to mankind, it's an absolute necessity. A tentative lunar democracy has formed between the lunar city-states, presided over by ELTO, who hold supreme overriding power over all lunar affairs. However, Luna is not without flaws. Tourism is a major draw to the lunar cities, whether it's a billionaire visiting their 'holiday apartment' or a middle-class family's once-in-a-lifetime lunar trip. Critics point to the increasing wealth disparity between Luna's uber-rich, consumerism-centered tourism industry and the struggles the thousands of workers and permanent residents propping it up - some say this is the number one factor in the cities' consistently high crime and corruption rates, while others point to ELTO's increasingly draconian restrictions and defensive measures as the impetus for the Moon's growing underground terrorist network. Whatever the case, it's clear that the Moon is a flashpoint for the future of humanity: will it gain independence from Earth and become the first foothold to an interplanetary civilization? Or will intergovernmental and corporate meddling sink humanity's aspirations while they're still in their infancy?

#writeblr #writers community #worldbuilding wednesday #wbw #wbw answers #wip: white sky #scifi #silverslipstream

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qlmb · 2 years ago

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Y'know, you should be watching Hollyoaks. - Why is Hollyoaks overhated?

Why is Hollyoaks overhated? The question lingers in the air like an unsolved mystery, as viewers across the globe overlook the hidden gem of the soap-opera world. With its vibrant characters, relentless plot twists, and unabashed commitment to delivering entertainment at warp speed, Hollyoaks has carved its own rebellious path amidst the sea of soaps. Yet, it remains unjustly overshadowed by its bigger, more established counterparts. In this article, we embark on a journey to uncover the truth behind Hollyoaks' perpetual underdog status, and why, against all odds, it just might be the best damn soap-opera out there. Buckle up, skeptics, as we delve into a world where melodrama reigns supreme and where Hollyoaks shines as a beacon of unapologetic brilliance.

Oh, Hollyoaks, the pint-sized powerhouse of the soap opera world. Born in 1995, it emerged as the fresh-faced rebel of the soap world, determined to shake up the status quo. Set in the fictional village of Chester, Hollyoaks captivated audiences with its youthful energy and boundary-pushing storylines. Over the years, it has fearlessly tackled hard-hitting issues, fearlessly delving into the darkness of teenage struggles, mental health, and societal taboos. Nowadays, however, prepare to be dazzled and left gasping for breath as you enter the whirlwind of drama, intrigue, and hair-raising plot twists that is Hollyoaks. This isn't your grandmother's slow-burning, snail-paced soap opera, don't you remember EastEnders last Christmas day? No, this is a turbocharged thrill ride that leaves you wondering if the writers have secretly taken up residence in your brain.

Unlike its contemporaries, Hollyoaks operates on a different frequency altogether. It's as if someone turned up the dial to maximum intensity and injected every episode with a potent dose of adrenaline. Gone are the days of dragging storylines that take months to unfold. Instead, Hollyoaks sweeps you off your feet, tossing you headfirst into a maelstrom of jaw-dropping events. Most storylines lasting the full week, with intense and ACTUAL gangster characters.

... but... If you don't like the drama and intense fights and hardcore, psycho storylines with villains, there's plenty of relaxing, light-hearted and overall happy moments. Ste's wedding with James made me cry. Hell, alot of the times I cried. I really lost myself in the world of this show. It's amazing.

What makes Hollyoaks truly stand out from the crowd is its knack for condensing an incredible amount of drama into each episode. It's like they've taken a full-length soap opera and distilled it down to its most potent essence. This means you get a concentrated burst of explosive storylines, simmering tensions, and electrifying confrontations, all neatly packaged and served up within a mere 22 minutes. It's like soap opera adrenaline on steroids. Dose me up!

And boy, does Hollyoaks know how to keep you on the edge of your seat. Blink, and you might miss a crucial revelation, a shocking affair, or Hollyoaks bad boy Warren Fox suddenly kidnapping a police-officer to threaten another man. The breakneck pace leaves no room for dull and boring filler or tedious scenes. It's like the writers have made a pact with the devil to ensure that every second is packed with enough excitement to make your heart palpitate and your jaw hit the floor.

Warren Fox waving, Hollyoaks resident - Professional Gangster - Established and Matthew-verified DILF

But it's not just the breakneck speed that sets Hollyoaks apart; it's the sheer entertainment value. This is a soap opera that knows how to have fun. Sure, there's plenty of angst, heartbreak, and dark secrets lurking in the shadows, but it's all tempered with a healthy dose of wit and irreverence. Hollyoaks doesn't take itself too seriously, and that's precisely why it's so darn enjoyable. It's like a rollercoaster ride with unexpected twists and turns, where you can't help but throw your hands in the air and let out a gleeful scream. So, if you're tired of soaps that move at the pace of a snail on tranquilizers, buckle up and dive headfirst into the electrifying world of Hollyoaks. Be prepared for a condensed, breakneck journey that will leave you breathless and craving more. In the realm of soap operas, Hollyoaks reigns supreme, injecting a shot of pure adrenaline and entertainment directly into your veins. Brace yourself for the most turbocharged, exhilarating 30 minutes of your TV-watching life. I heavily suggest you watch Hollyoaks. It took me a week to pick up the characters. It's easy. You will thank me later.

#hollyoaks #television #soap opera #uktv #uk tv shows #qlmarticle

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moneymakedblog · 2 years ago

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Kim Basinger Net Worth, Biography, Career, Family & more

Kim Basinger became well-known after having a successful job in New York in the 1970s. She was an actress, model, and singer in the United States. In 1976, she moved to Los Angeles, where she had a great acting career. She acted in a number of TV movies, such as "From Here to Eternity" (1976) and "Hard Country" (1981).

Kim Basinger’s Net Worth

Kim Basinger's net worth is thought to be about $45 million as of December 2021. Her job as an actor and model has brought her tens of millions of dollars. It was thought that she made around $1,000 a day as a model, while her pay for the L.A. Confidential movie was around $3 million. But we don't know how much she makes right now. On the other hand, her net worth has gone up over the past few years and is likely to keep going up in the years to come.

Kim Basinger net worth of $45 million.

Even though she has moved from one job to another, Kim Basinger has had a lot of success in her work. She started out in her job doing something she didn't really like, but she stuck with it.

Kim Basinger Biography

Kim Basinger was born in Athens, Georgia, on December 8, 1953. Ann Lee, her mother, was a model, actress, and swimmer who was in a couple of movies with Esther Williams. Her father, Donald Wade Basinger, was a well-known band leader and score head who died in 2016. He was an officer in the US Armed Forces and was in Normandy on D-Day.

She is the third of five children and has two brothers, James Michael "Mick" and Skip, and two sisters, Ashley and Barbara. Basinger has English, German, Swedish, and Ulster-Scottish ancestry. She was raised in a Methodist family. Basinger has shown herself to be quite shy, which had a big effect on her when she was young and in her teens. She said that she was so shy that she would pass out whenever her teacher asked her to talk in class.

Basinger thought about ballet dance from the time she was three until she was in her mid-teens. By the time she was in her mid-teens, she was more confident and was able to try out for the school cheering team. She was 17 years old when she entered America's Junior Miss Scholarship Pageant. She made it to the local level and was named Athens Junior Miss.

Even though Sue Whitted, who was "Georgia's Junior Miss," beat her in the state competition, her achievements were featured in the national show. She had participated at the state level for the Breck Scholarship, and she and her mother were both in an ad for Breck.

Kim Basinger Career

According to Moneymaked.com, Kim Basinger worked for the Ford Modeling Agency, even though she was turned down at first because of her schoolwork. After posing for Ford, she was in a number of magazines, which is where the name "Breck Shampoo Girl" came from. She did say, however, that she didn't like modeling. She used to put on shows in Greenwich Village in New York City.

She went to Los Angeles to start her acting career after she had done well as a model. She started out by making a few guest roles on the TV show. Her first major part, in the drama "Katie: Portrait of a Centerfold," was a centerfold. "Hard Country" was also a well-known movie.

The 1988 movie "Batman," on which Kim Basinger worked, was also a big hit. "Even Money," "The Sentinel," and "Cellular" are some of the more current movies she has been in.

Kim Basinger Family

Basinger married Alec Baldwin in 1993, but they split up in 2002. In 1995, they had a girl together who they named Ireland Baldwin. Between 1980 and 1989, she was married to Ron Snyder for nine years. Ron Snyder-Britton was the person who did her make-up. In 1981, he was in a movie called "Hard Country." They broke up in 1988, but they didn't get a divorce until 1989.

She is also said to have dated and lived with Dale Robinette in the 1970s, but their relationship didn't work out. Kim also went out with the singer-songwriter Prince and had an affair with the human rights activist Richard Gere. Kim's sisters are Ashley and Barbara Basinger, and her brothers are Skip and Mick Basinger.

After she won a few events, people started to notice how beautiful she was. She went to the University of Georgia and also studied for a short time at the Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theater. Kim's boyfriend right now is a barber named Mitchell Stone.

#Kim Basinger #Kim Basinger Net Worth #Kim #Actress #Model #Heroine #Hollywood #Hollywood Actress #Singer #Director #Biography #Family #Career #Net Worth #Salary

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autumncottageattic · 8 months ago

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A Village Affair is a 1995 British television film based on the 1989 eponymous novel by Joanna Trollope.

Part II

#A Village Affair 1995 #A Village Affair movie #country living #country life #country aesthetic #english countryside #english country house #lgbt movies #summer aesthetic #love affair #book adaptation #Joanna Trollope #Sophie Ward #Kerry Fox #Nathaniel Parker #Jeremy Northam #William Scott-Masson

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scots-gallivanter · 3 months ago

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SEVENTEEN

Even Naples in imagination cannot efface the quiet fertile comeliness of Penkill in reality, and when, beyond the immediate greenness, a gorgeous sunset glorifies the sea distance, one scarcely need desire aught more exquisite in this world.

CHRISTINA ROSSETTI, Letter to Anne Gilchrist (1870)

ONE OF THE ‘Ayrshire Alps’, Dersalloch Hill, is crowned by 23 wind turbines which dominate the horizon, and the ecotycoons want more, and bigger. Nearby, in irony, sits the 18th-century conservation village of Straiton, the realm of the Save Straiton for Scotland pressure group formed in 2013 to object to their being insidiously surrounded by giant turbines 50 metres higher than Blackpool Tower.

Despite the turbines, Straiton advertises itself as walking country, The village signpost even sports the slogan ‘Rambler Territory’. Like turbines or loathe them, it is worth a ramble to Lambdoughty glen and its chain of gurgling waterfalls up in the foothills. One of them, Tairlaw Linn, even features in the annals of English literature. It is here, during a day out with his friend, William Bell Scott, in the summer of 1869, that the troubled painter and poet, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, contemplated suicide. Rossetti’s wife had died of an overdose of laudanum, and he had become an alcoholic. He was prone to thought disorder and addicted to whisky and chloral hydrate (‘knockout drops’, an ingredient made famous by one Mickey Finn, a crooked saloon owner in Chicago, who drugged customers with it, and then robbed them.).

William Bell Scott recorded in his Autobiographical Notes (1830 to 1882): ‘Never shall I forget the expression of Gabriel’s face when he bent over the precipice, peering into the unfathomed water dark as ink, in which sundry waifs flew round and round like lost souls in hell.’

Rossetti had told Scott: ‘One step forward, and I am free!’ He decided not to throw himself down the burn, however, although he would try to kill himself three years later, in England. He saw people staring at him from hollowed-out walls. He heard voices and was a hypochondriac. One doctor diagnosed ‘effusion of serum on the brain’ and said he was beyond all hope. If he recovered, he would have brain damage.

Penkill Castle, ensconced in cutely wooded Penwhapple Glen, was a summer haunt for such as Scott, Rossetti, his sister Christina, and William Morris, with whose wife Jane, Rossetti was conducting an affair. Rossetti wrote the poem The Stream’s Secret at Penwhapple Burn near the castle, which was a shrine for the Pre-Raphaelite movement. During a visit to Penkill, half a mile from Dailly, Rossetti wrote sonnets in a cave named after a covenanting fugitive. Wrote Scott: ‘Here I used to find him face to the wall lying in a shallow cave that went by the name of a seventeenth-century Covenanter, Bennan’s Cave, working out with much elaboration and little inspiration.’

Rossetti tried to get Jane Morris to spend what has become known as a dirty weekend with him (his friend William, who was so close to him that Rossetti named his pet wombat after him, wasn’t invited along).

I looked for the cave along Penwhapple glen, but it seems it vanished long ago as a result of some landslide. Penkill is still there, however. Campaigners fought to ‘buy it for the nation’ in 1995 but its American owner, Elton Eckstrand, a wealthy drag racing driver and lawyer, sold it to Scots-Canadian businessman Don Brown, who then sold it to a Chile-born film producer Patrick Dromgoole.

The previous owner, Evelyn May Courtney-Boyd, a descendant of Scott’s mistress, had become involved financially with the local milkman, Willie Hume, who reputedly told her that he and his wife would feed her if they moved into the lodge. He then asked to buy it. Later they moved into the 25-bedroom castle. Paintings from the collection began to appear in Scotland’s salerooms, including The Night-Hag, which now lives in New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art. One of them, painted by Scott, remained fastened above the mantelpiece with an inscription, ‘Move not this picture. Let it be. For love of those in effigy’.

Apparently, Hume tried to prise the painting from the wall with a poker, but he choked, and then died of angina. His wife suddenly left the castle and bought a pub, which failed. She then became a cleaner in a hospital. For the record, Penkill Castle appeared on Channel 4’s Come Dine with Me in 2011. I’ve no idea what happened to the milkman’s spouse.

#dante gabriel rossetti #christina rossetti #penkill castle #william morris #ayrshire #wind turbines #straiton

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k00319173 · 4 months ago

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Radius

History of The Milkmarket

As part of the radius project I wanted to take a deeper look at the history of the milkmarket in Limerick so as to better understand the space itself and get more inspiration when it comes to Erving into the radius of time itself.

Background

As a country Ireland has always been heavily agricultural, as a rural island country this is how it sustained itself and still sustains itself in some ways. Because of this agricultural aspect of life markets were very common and popped up around villages towns and cities to sell produce. In the 1840s the Limerick Market Trustees was set by an Act of Parliament to manage affairs of markers within the city. The trustees acquired a large area of land in Garryowen where many of the markets were relocated (for example, the butter market, the pig market and the hay market). The corn market (milkmarket) was retained however.

Due to advancements in industry and transports many markets shut down however the milkmarket continued to thrive as it adapted and changed as it needed to. Following the release of the Trustees from receiverships a renovation of the milkmarket was carried out and it was reopened in 1995.

Women in Agriculture

Women have been an essential part of Irelands farming background. A woman born in 1911 could expect to live until her mid 50s and in a farming woman’s lifetime she could be expected to have eight or nine children but one in five would die in childbirth. Women’s work was essential to the farm economy and most farming women spent their time in or nearby the house, busy with eggs and poultry, milking and domestic duties for example.

Selling eggs gave many women their only independent source of income. Women would visit the markets to sell and purchase produce for the benefit of the farm, this may have been one of the only places women could gain and independent income and one of the places where they could socialise within the community.

Looking into the history of the milkmarket has inspired me to look at certain imagery I relate to rural life, poultry, women, architecture etc.

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breakthroughpoint · 4 months ago

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Braveheart of the Day: Honoring Our Heroes 🇮🇳

On 24 September 1995 at 1635 hours, while the cordon was being established around the dispensary in village Chakhu, District Baramulla in J&K, the terrorists threw grenades and opened heavy automatic fire. Gunner Prem Kumar Singh of 29 Rashtriya Rifles, despite being almost paralyzed below the abdomen, crawled to a firing position and retaliated with accurate automatic fire from his Light Machine Gun. Although losing consciousness, he kept engaging the terrorists. As a result of his action, the terrorists were pinned down, and an effective cordon of the dispensary was established. This led to the killing of ten terrorists and the recovery of nine AK rifles in a single operation. Gunner Prem Kumar Singh displayed unmatched valour and made the supreme sacrifice in the highest traditions of the Indian Army.

🚀 Stay updated on current affairs, motivation, and important notes for free. Join our telegram: ➡️ https://t.me/breakthroughpoint_001

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brookstonalmanac · 6 months ago

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Events 7.5 (after 1945)

1945 – The United Kingdom holds its first general election in 10 years, which would be won by Clement Attlee's Labour Party. 1946 – Micheline Bernardini models the first modern bikini at a swimming pool in Paris. 1948 – National Health Service Acts create the national public health system in the United Kingdom. 1950 – Korean War: Task Force Smith: American and North Korean forces first clash, in the Battle of Osan. 1950 – The Knesset of Israel passes the Law of Return which grants all Jews the right to immigrate to the Land of Israel. 1954 – The BBC broadcasts its first daily television news bulletin. 1954 – Elvis Presley records his first single, "That's All Right", at Sun Records in Memphis, Tennessee. 1962 – The official independence of Algeria is proclaimed after an eight-year-long war with France. 1970 – Air Canada Flight 621 crashes in Brampton, Ontario, Canada, killing all 109 people on board. 1971 – The Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18 years, is formally certified by President Richard Nixon. 1973 – A boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE) in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, kills eleven firefighters. 1973 – Juvénal Habyarimana seizes power over Rwanda in a coup d'état. 1975 – Arthur Ashe becomes the first black man to win the Wimbledon singles title. 1975 – Cape Verde gains its independence from Portugal. 1977 – The Pakistan Armed Forces under Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq seize power in Operation Fair Play and begin 11 years of martial law. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first elected Prime Minister of Pakistan, is overthrown. 1980 – Swedish tennis player Björn Borg wins his fifth Wimbledon final and becomes the first male tennis player to win the championships five times in a row (1976–1980). 1984 – The United States Supreme Court gives its United States v. Leon decision providing a good-faith exception from the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule against use of evidence obtained through defective warrants in criminal trials. 1987 – Sri Lankan Civil War: The LTTE uses suicide attacks on the Sri Lankan Army for the first time. The Black Tigers are born and, in the following years, will continue to kill with the tactic. 1989 – Iran–Contra affair: Oliver North is sentenced by U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell to a three-year suspended prison term, two years probation, $150,000 in fines and 1,200 hours community service. His convictions are later overturned. 1994 – Jeff Bezos founds Amazon. 1995 – Armenia adopts its constitution, four years after its independence from the Soviet Union. 1996 – Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell. 1997 – Sri Lankan Civil War: Sri Lankan Tamil MP A. Thangathurai is shot dead at Sri Shanmuga Hindu Ladies College in Trincomalee. 1999 – U.S. President Bill Clinton imposes trade and economic sanctions against the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. 2003 – The World Health Organization announces that the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak has been contained. 2004 – The first direct Indonesian presidential election is held. 2006 – North Korea tests four short-range missiles, one medium-range missile and a long-range Taepodong-2. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of Japan. 2009 – A series of violent riots break out in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China. 2009 – The largest hoard of Anglo-Saxon gold ever discovered in Britain, consisting of more than 1,500 items, is found near the village of Hammerwich, near Lichfield, Staffordshire. 2012 – The Shard in London is inaugurated as the tallest building in Europe, with a height of 310 metres (1,020 ft). 2016 – The Juno space probe arrives at Jupiter and begins a 20-month survey of the planet. 2022 – British government ministers Sajid Javid and Rishi Sunak resign from the second Johnson ministry, beginning the July 2022 United Kingdom government crisis.

#Events

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