#208b

[hold-fast-and-rise]

CESSNA 208B Grand Caravan

[jelzorz]

208b.

With thanks to @blutopaz15 and @zuppizup for indulging me 😅

The castle is quiet these days. Rayla honestly kind of misses the chaos of its heyday: the adventures, the danger, the running for their lives... Those days feel like a lifetime ago, and they were, in a way. Things were different then, and it's probably for the better that everything is so nice now, but still.

She suppose that's why she turns to books. The castle library isn't just filled with old tomes— there are novels here too, by both humans and elves, and there's quite a collection now that Rayla is free to borrow from as she pleases. The stories themselves are fantastic and two-fisted and magical, and it's nice to reminisce of her own adventures sometimes, nice to imagine herself in the place of the heroine, even if it does feel ridiculous and childish at times.

Then there are the... saucier tales that she stumbles across, and it was stupid and funny at first, but now she finds herself reading them quite regularly. Who doesn't like a little scandal sometimes? A little spice? And Callum doesn't complain because, well. There are certain perks for him too.

It's not something she advertises nonetheless.

Anyway, that's why she's in the library today, and very specifically in the section that contains some of the... darker romances of the castle's collection. She's tossing up between the two books in her hands, the first about a deadly school for dragon riders, the second about a romance between some creature called a fae and a human girl with enough issues to make Rayla's own look rather tame, when Soren, of all people, catches her in the act.

Rayla flushes but stands her ground, refusing to feel even a little bit ashamed of the books in her hand, but Soren only tilts his head to read the titles.

"Interesting choices," he says mildly.

Rayla sets her jaw. "And?"

Soren shrugs. "That one's the fifth book in a series," he says, nodding at the book about fae. "The first one is a bit eh, but the second and third are great. I'd recommend reading those first."

Rayla stares at him. "You've read these?"

"Contrary to popular belief, I can, in fact, read," he says snootily. "The other one's okay but less compelling, y'know? But ultimately, it's up to you."

Rayla stares some more. Then she glances up and down the aisle to make sure no one else is around and puts both books back on the shelf. "Where are the others in the series?"

"If they're not there, someone must have them out," says Soren, "although I can check returns for you if you want. And if they're not back before you leave, I can send them out to you."

Rayla snaps her jaw shut because apparently this conversation is real, and not only is Soren not making fun of her for it, he's also offering to help. He's mellowed out a lot since his youth, but this is still... not his style. "I didn't think you were into this kind of thing," she says at last.

"I didn't think you were either, but here we are," he snorts. "But if you really want to know, they were recommended by a mutual friend. Happy reading." He winks at her like it's some sort of clue and takes his leave, leaving Rayla staring stupidly after him in the stacks.

The books in question arrive in the Silvergrove two weeks later with a letter written in familiar handwriting that is definitely not Soren's.

My apologies, it reads, I hadn't realised I never returned them. Let me know what you think.

It's not signed, but Rayla lets out a laugh when she reads it because there's only one other person it could be from, and she had never seemed like the type to enjoy these either.

Rayla chuckles and pockets the letter, making a note to send one back when she's done.

[rayllum-weekly]

Rayllum Weekly Round Up

Week 13

Edits, graphics, etc

The Dragon Prince + text posts (part 24) by @celestialowlryxs

Rayllum edit by @raayllum

Rayllum gif set by @celestialowlryxs

Rayllum edit by @estelleraixx

Fanart

Meme redraw by @tategaminu

Rayllum fanart by @winterstorm032802

New Fanfic

The worse of my blessings, the most beautiful of my curses by @amys-books27

Breed Me! by @nautiscarader

208b by @jelzorz

Up-dated Fanfic

cast your eyes to heaven (you get a knife in the back): chapter 6 by @jupiter-dragonsong

Stay With Me: Chapter 4 by @parsbooks

Impossible: Chapter 21 by @little-red-alchemist-of-doom

One More Time: Chapter 2 by @zuppizup

crawl home to her: Chapter 4 by @blutopaz15

A Dark Alternative: Chapter 35 by @zuppizup

[dertaglichedan]

ANCHORAGE, Alaska (KTUU) - A plane was reported missing near Nome late Thursday afternoon, according to officials.

Jim West, volunteer fire and ambulance chief in Nome, said a plane went down with 10 people onboard.

The plane — a Cessna 208B Grand Caravan aircraft owned by Bering Air — was reported to have been flying from Unalakleet to Nome, according to the Nome Volunteer Fire Department.

The flight took off from Unalakleet at 2:37 p.m., according to Bering Air Director of Operations David Olson.

Data from FlightRadar shows a Bering Air flight last reporting info at 3:16 p.m. over the Norton Sound.

The White Mountain fire chief, Jack Adams, told Alaska’s News Source that the plane disappeared from the radar somewhere along the coast of Nome to Topkok. He also said they have crews actively searching a roughly 30-mile stretch in that area.

“They’re prepared to be out all night, they will search here until they find them or somebody else finds them,” Adams said. “If they don’t find anything, we’ll probably rally another crew to go and help.”

Adams said the sea ice is “kind of jumbled” and hard to traverse, so the ground crews are traveling on the Iditarod trail to search

[freckleshine007]

Are Planes Becoming More Dangerous? (an amateur take no one asked for)

(images of recent crashes below cut)

This is a frankly lukewarm take on the situation but I have so many thoughts about the recent aviation incidents and I need to share them. Also, if you want an actual explanation for this from someone within the industry, I would reccomend checking out Mentor Pilot's video on the situation. I should also note that I have no background in aviation aside from research in my free time. I am a history major, do not take my word for anything. However, this is my Tumblr blog and I can do whatever I want forever, actually.

Now for my opinions:

Although it's true that there has been a slight increase in fatal incidents from 2024-2025, few of them really share any similarities. A majority of the incidents contributing to this statistic come from civil aviation. There are a number of reasons why civil aviation has seen this major increase but for the average commercial flyer, it is not something that should make you nervous to board your next flight. As for the major accidents in commercial aviation over these past few months (Dec 2024-Feb 2025), I will breifly cover each here:*

*no final reports have been released for these accidents and thus, I will do my best to limit my speculations to their causes

23 December, 2024: Swiss Air Lines Flight 1885

International flight from OTP to ZRH

Airbus 220-300 (2017)

Used two Pratt and Whitney PW1524G-3 engines

Experienced an engine failure at 40,000 leading to smoke entering the cabin and an emergency landing at GRZ

Of the 79 occupants, there was one fatality of a crew member and 16 injuries due to smoke inhalation

25 December, 2024: Azerbaijan Airlines FLight 8243

International flight from GYD to GRV

Embraer 190AR (Advanced Range)

Used two General Electric CF34-10E6 engines

Hit by a Russian surface-to-air missile (or debris from a surface-to-air or different missile or weapon) while flying through Russian airspace, leading to an attempted emergency landing at SCO

Crashed on landing

Out of the 67 people on board, 38 died in the crash including both pilots and one flight attendant

All 29 survivors were injured

29 December, 2024: Jeju Air Flight 2216

International flight from BKK to MWX

Boeing 737-8AS

Used two CFM International CFM56-7B engines

Encountered a bird strike on approach to MWX and made an emergency go-around

The landing gear did not deploy on second approach, leading to a belly landing beyond the touchdown zone and eventually colliding with the approach lighting system and a concrete berm at the end of the runway

Of the 181 occupants, only two cabin crew members survived

28 January, 2025: Air Busan Flight 391

International flight from PUS to HKG

Airbus A321 (no relevant engine information)

During the flight, a fire started in the tail section of the plane (possibly caused by a portable charger or other lithium battery stored in the overhead bins)

The plane landed safely back at PUS with 7 minor injuries and no fatalities of the 176 passengers and crew

29 January, 2025: American Airlines Flight 5342

Domestic flight from ICT to DCA

Bombardier CRJ700 (configured as CRJ701ER) (no relevant engine information)

Collided with a U.S. Army UH-60 Black Hawk helicopter on approach to DCA while over the Potomac River

All 67 passengers and crew on both aircraft were killed

6 Feburary, 2025: Bering Air Flight 445

Domestic flight from UNK to OME

Cessna 208B Grand Caravan EX

Propeller plane with one Pratt and Whitney PT6A-114A engine

Experienced a rapid loss of elevation and crashed into an ice flow in the Norton Sound

All ten passengers and crew were killed in the accident

little else is known currently about the incident

17 Feburary, 2025: Delta Connection Flight 4819

International flight from MSP to YYZ

Bombardier CRJ900 (configured as CRJ900LR)

Used two General Electric CF34-8C5 turbofan engines

Crashed and flipped over on the runway at YYZ

Right wing and T-tail seperated on impact and caught fire

All 80 passengers and crew survived with 21 injured

So what does this all mean?

As you can see, each of these incidents are incredibly different from one another and although many fear incidients like this ever since the two 737max crashes of 2019 and 2020, it is unlikely that such a structural failure will occure again. It is good to place pressure on manufacturers (Boeing, I'm looking at you) to make safety their priotity over profit, however, commercial aviation has been safer than ever. Even though 2025 started off with some horrible tragedies, the average flyer should be able to take a flight with the peace of mind that these events are still incredibly unlikely and because of these incidents, the aviation industry has become even safer. So no, actually, planes have not become more dangerous recently. Media coverage of aviation incidents has increased signifigantly since the 737max crashes and this has made the public more aware of them which in turn often creates the false illusion that aviation incidents are happening more frequently, which they aren't really. Overall, commercial aviation is a very safe industry with rigorous regulations and investigative boards that improve every day.

[usafphantom2]

Italy demonstrates integration of fifth-generation jets in NATO Air Police in 🇵🇱 Poland

Fernando Valduga

Generations of fighters gathered at Malbork Air Base, Poland (from left to right): the fifth-generation F-35 Lightning from Italy, the Italian Eurofighter Typhoon and the Polish MiG-29 Fulcrum. (Photo: Polish Air Force)

Four Italian Eurofighters landed in Malbork, Poland, on February 13, ready to replace the Italian F-35 jets and continue NATO's enhanced air policing.

"With the continuous control of the mission of our F-35 units, we have proven Italy's ability to support NATO with state-of-the-art air policing means on the eastern flank," said Colonel Antonio Vergallo, commander of the Air Task Force of the 32ª Wing and, in a few days, of the Air Task Force of the 4ª Wing that will ensure improved air policing from Malbork. "We also highlight the versatility of the Italian Air Force in operating the Eurofighters from a base that was used by the F-35s in an deployed environment. The true integration of fifth-generation fighters in action!" he added.

Since November, Italy had deployed 150 Italian Air Force men operating four of its F-35s in Malbork. The Italian Eurofighters have arrived to continue the reinforced NATO Air Policing mission in Poland and will protect the skies on the eastern flank with Polish and other Allied combat planes in the coming months.

Tags: AMI - Italian Military Aeronautics/Italian Air ForceMilitary AviationEurofighter TyphoonF-35 Lightning IINATO - Air Police MissionPAF - Polish Air Force / Polish Air Force

Sharing

tweet

Fernando Valduga

Fernando Valduga

Aviation photographer and pilot since 1992, he has participated in several events and air operations, such as Cruzex, AirVenture, Dayton Airshow and FIDAE. He has works published in specialized aviation magazines in Brazil and abroad. He uses Canon equipment during his photographic work in the world of aviation.

Related news

MILITARY

South Korea signs agreement to facilitate the sale of FA-50 to Colombia

16/02/2024 - 08:19

MILITARY

USAF will test autonomous flight capabilities on the KC-135 tanker

15/02/2024 - 20:00

MILITARY

Finnish Air Force will test operational concept in winter conditions

15/02/2024 - 19:00

MILITARY

Ministry of Defense of India wants 6 more locally manufactured AWACS Netra aircraft

15/02/2024 - 18:17

MILITARY

Royal Thai Air Force retires its PC-9M Mustang coaches

15/02/2024 - 16:30

Aviators carry meteorological equipment in Xwing's autonomous Grand Caravan Cessna 208B during AGILE FLAG 24-1 at McClellan Airfield in Sacramento, California, January 27, 2024. (Photo: U.S. Air Force / Matthew Clouse)

MILITARY

USAF performs first autonomous logistics mission with Caravans without pilots in the Agile Flag exercise

[aviaposter]

Cessna 208B Grand Caravan Hinterland Aviation

Registration: VH-MRZ Type: C208B Engines: 1 × PWC PT6A-114A Serial Number: 208B1048 First flight: 2004

Hinterland Aviation is a public charter airline offering both charter and scheduled flight. The airline was founded in 1984 and currently has its base at Cairns Airport in Queensland, Australia. In 1992, the airline was acquired by Trailfinders, a retail travel company, who led the airline into the tourism charter industry. There are currently five destinations served by the airline with a fleet of small but efficient turboprop aircraft. The airline is operating with over 10 aircraft in its fleet. These aircraft conduct over five thousand flights every year serving 50 thousand people.

Poster for Aviators. aviaposter.com

[leggy2fast]

Another 360-degrees panoramic picture! This time, Todd and Piper are running the pre-flight checks before going on a fun weekend trip for some fishing in the mountains!

Pic is, as usual, on Kuula, and works best if you're seeing it on a phone <3 enjoy!

[turisiancom]

TURISIAN.com - Prediksi puncak arus mudik Lebaran 2025 akan dimulai pada Kamis, 27 Maret 2025. Bagi pengguna kendaraan listrik, persiapan infrastruktur pengisian daya menjadi kunci kenyamanan perjalanan. Simak lokasi Stasiun Pengisian Kendaraan Listrik Umum (SPKLU) di ruas tol Palimanan-Kanci (Palikanci) dan Batang-Semarang berikut ini. Tol Palimanan-Kanci: Melintasi Cirebon Tol ini membentang di wilayah Kabupaten Cirebon, Jawa Barat, meliputi Palimanan, Plumbon, dan Kanci. Di sepanjang ruas ini, terdapat dua lokasi SPKLU: 1. Rest Area Travoy KM 207A: Tersedia charger dengan kapasitas AC 24 kW, DC 24 kW, DC 50 kW, DC 66 kW, dan DC 100 kW. 2. Rest Area KM 208B: Dilengkapi charger DC 50 kW dan DC 24 kW. Tol Batang-Semarang: Menjelajahi Jawa Tengah Tol ini mencakup wilayah Kandeman, Weleri, Kendal, dan Kaliwungu. Empat lokasi SPKLU tersedia di sini: 1. Rest Area Travoy KM 360B: Charger DC 50 kW. 2. Rest Area Travoy KM 379A: Tersedia charger AC 7.4 kW, AC 22 kW, DC 66 kW, DC 100 kW, dan DC 200 kW. 3. Rest Area Travoy KM 389B: Charger DC 50 kW, AC 7.4 kW, DC 100 kW, dan AC 22 kW. 4. Rest Area Travoy KM 391A: Charger DC 50 kW. BACA JUGA: Layanan Sewa Kendaraan Listrik di TMII Memberikan Pengalamam Tersendiri, Ini Harganya Berapa Biaya Pengisian Daya? Menurut Gregorius Adi Trianto, Executive Vice President Komunikasi Korporat dan TJSL PLN, biaya pengisian daya mobil listrik di SPKLU ditetapkan sebesar Rp 2.466 per kilowatt hour (kWh). Tarif ini berlaku untuk semua jenis teknologi pengisian, mulai dari normal charging, medium charging, fast charging, hingga ultrafast charging. Namun, khusus untuk fast charging (25-50 kW) dan ultrafast charging (>50 kW), ada biaya tambahan layanan: - Fast charging**: Rp 25.000 per pengisian. - Ultrafast charging**: Rp 57.000 per pengisian. Kebijakan tarif ini mengacu pada Peraturan Menteri ESDM Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Penyediaan Infrastruktur Pengisian Listrik untuk Kendaraan Bermotor Listrik Berbasis Baterai. Dengan informasi ini, pengguna kendaraan listrik bisa merencanakan perjalanan mudik Lebaran 2025 dengan lebih matang. Selamat mudik, dan jangan lupa cek daya kendaraan Anda saat puncak arus mudik lebaran nanti! ***

[newspro82]

Alaska plane that crashed and killed 10 was too heavy for conditions, NTSB report says

The report is preliminary, and a cause of the crash of the Cessna 208B headed from Unalakleet to Nome is still under investigation

[mediagraph]

Plane Crashes in the U.S. in 2025: Fatalities Surge Compared to 2024

The number of plane crashes in the United States has raised concerns about air travel safety in 2025, with fatalities surpassing last year's numbers. A series of high-profile incidents have rattled travelers, but how do these crashes compare to 2024 in terms of both frequency and fatalities?

Aviation Accidents in 2025

As of February 19, 2025, there have been 87 aviation accidents in the U.S., according to the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). This includes a mix of serious and minor accidents, but what stands out are the fatal crashes. In the first two months of 2025, there have already been 13 fatal crashes that have claimed 85 lives.

The most significant crash occurred on January 29, when an American Airlines regional jet collided with a Black Hawk helicopter near Washington, D.C., killing 67 people. Another tragic crash occurred on February 6, when a Cessna 208B in Alaska crashed, killing all 10 passengers.

Comparison with 2024

Looking back at 2024, between January 1 and February 19, there were 123 aviation accidents in total. However, the fatal crash rate was lower compared to this year, with 18 fatal crashes and 42 deaths. Notably, none of the accidents in 2024 involved commercial jets or large aircraft, with the most severe crash being a helicopter accident on February 9, 2024, killing all 6 passengers aboard.

While the number of aviation incidents in 2025 is not drastically higher than in 2024, the severity of the crashes, especially involving commercial aircraft, has led to increased media coverage and public concern. The number of fatal crashes in 2025 has more than doubled compared to 2024, sparking fears about flight safety.

Why Does It Seem Like There Are More Plane Crashes?

The perception that there are more crashes this year is partly driven by media coverage of high-profile incidents, including crashes involving larger aircraft. Additionally, the widespread sharing of crash videos and photos on social media has amplified the attention surrounding aviation accidents.

Is Air Travel Still Safe?

Despite the recent uptick in fatalities, experts continue to emphasize that air travel remains extremely safe. According to NTSB Chairwoman Jennifer Homendy, aviation is the safest form of transportation. In fact, more people die annually in car crashes than in plane accidents. For example, 43,000 people die in road accidents in the U.S. each year, whereas aviation fatalities are significantly lower.

In fact, a recent AP-NORC poll showed that 64% of U.S. adults still consider flying to be "very safe" or "somewhat safe," although this is a decline from 71% in 2024. Meanwhile, 20% of respondents now feel that air travel is "somewhat unsafe," an increase from 12% last year.

Notable Recent Crashes

Another significant event occurred on February 17, 2025, when a Delta Air Lines regional jet flipped while landing at Toronto Pearson International Airport. The plane, carrying 80 passengers, was affected by strong winds. Fortunately, all passengers survived, though some sustained injuries.

What’s Next for Aviation Safety?

With rising concerns over aviation safety, the Biden administration is paying closer attention to these issues. The NTSB continues to investigate the causes behind the recent fatal crashes, and more information is expected to be released soon.

While the public remains concerned, aviation experts assure that flying continues to be one of the safest modes of transportation. They stress that ongoing safety improvements and technological advancements will help further reduce risks and strengthen the public’s confidence in air travel.

Conclusion

Despite the recent increase in plane crashes in 2025, air travel remains highly regulated and safer than other forms of transportation, such as road travel. As investigations into these incidents continue, experts urge the public to focus on the overall safety of aviation while encouraging further advancements to improve airline safety standards.

[holopiscom]

Antisipasi Curah Hujan Tinggi, BNPB Lakukan Operasi Modifikasi Cuaca Wilayah Jabodetabek

JAKARTA – BNPB terus berupaya menbantu dalam penanganan bencana hidrometeorologi, khususnya banjir, di wilayah Jakarta-Bogor-Depok-Tangerang-Bekasi (Jabodetabek). Dimana kali BNPB berupaya melalui operasi modifikasi cuaca (OMC) yang telah dilakukan sejak Selasa (4/3). Operasi modifikasi cuaca itu dilakukan dengan menggunakan pesawat Cessna Caravan 208B, nomor registrasi PK-SNP. Penyemaian bahan…

[awesomehappystudentmagazine-blog]

Τέμπη: Νέο βίντεο με τη μοιραία εμπορική αμαξοστοιχία δευτερόλεπτα πριν από τη σύγκρουση

Η αμερικανική ακτοφυλακή στην Αλάσκα εντόπισε την Παρασκευή τα συντρίμμια ενός μικρού α��ροπλάνου που έχασε ξαφνικά ύψος την Πέμπτη και χάθηκε, με 10 επιβαίνοντες, ανασύροντας τρία από τα πτώματα. The U.S. Coast Guard confirms that it has found the Crash Site of the Bering Air Cessna 208B Grand Carrivan that went missing last night over the Norton Sound in Northwestern Alaska, near the City of…

[egnwes]

اختفاء طائرة ركاب على متنها 10 أشخاص في ولاية ألاسكا الأمريكية

أفاد مسؤولون باختفاء طائرة من طراز “Cessna 208B Grand Caravan” بالقرب من مدينة نومي في ولاية ألاسكا الأمريكية، بعد ظهر يوم أمس الخميس، فيما أشارت تقارير إلى احتمال سقوطها وعلى متنها 10 أشخاص. وكانت الطائرة، المملوكة لشركة “Bering Air”، في رحلة من مدينة أونالاكليت إلى نومي عندما فقدت الاتصال. وأكد ديفيد أولسون، مدير عمليات الشركة، أن الرحلة أقلعت من أونالاكليت في الساعة 2:37 مساءً، بينما سجلت آخر…

[cyprianscafe]

Talismãs nos textos Kunta

Uma tabela de sete por sete contendo símbolos às vezes chamados de “os sete selos de Salomão”, com cada linha deslocada por um caractere. Sīdi Mu hammad al-Kuntī, Al-Tarāʾif wa’l-talāʾid min karāmāt al-shaykhayn al-wālida wa’l-wālid, Manuscrits Orientaux, Arabe 6755, BnF, fol. 208b.

Instrumentalizar a ciência das letras e nomes frequentemente envolvia escrevê-los ou inscrevê-los em várias superfícies (papel, tabletes de chumbo, tigelas de vidro, muros da cidade, etc.). Essa prática reúne vários outros termos em um campo semântico combinado. Por exemplo, quando corporificados na escrita ou inscrição, as letras e nomes são chamados de “as figuras” ou “as formas” (al-ashkāl) e podem ser usados ​​na construção de talismãs (al-tilasmāt). Ao discutir a criação de formas e talismãs poderosos, Sidi Muhammad faz referências repetidas ao uso de tabelas (jadāwil). Essas “tabelas” são tabelas preenchidas com números, letras e símbolos. Em um exemplo do Tarāʾif wa’l-talāʾid, Sidi Muhammad fornece instruções para usar uma mesa e um talismã para tratar uma pessoa sob ataque de um feiticeiro sugador de sangue. Ele diz ao leitor para escrever uma série de versos corânicos (4:141, 17:45–46, 83:36 e 60:13) junto com uma certa tabela em dois pedaços de papel, e então “colocar um deles no fogo e fumigar [a fumaça] em seu nariz e pendurar o outro em [seu corpo]… Então Deus Altíssimo o curará com seu poder” (2:189). Cópias manuscritas do Tarāʾif wa’l-talāʾid fornecem a tabela necessária, um quadrado de sete por sete contendo um conjunto específico de símbolos, com cada linha deslocada por um caractere. Esses sete caracteres foram identificados em manuscritos islâmicos e judaicos desde o século XIII, onde às vezes são identificados como o maior nome de Deus.

Em muitos casos, a tabela também é um quadrado mágico (wafq, pl. awfāq) — uma construção algébrica específica de quadrados subdivididos em que todas as colunas, linhas e diagonais somam o mesmo número. Tratados matemáticos em árabe detalhando a construção de quadrados mágicos datam do século X e, mais tarde, foram incorporados aos tratados neoplatônicos medievais sobre talismãs e astrologia. Em relação ao funcionamento dos quadrados mágicos, Sidi Muhammad cita seu pai explicando que Deus “vinculou os administradores da existência [al-tadabburāt al-kawniyya] aos seus santos nomes” e então “determinou para eles realidades que operam no mundo de al-malakūt, o reino da existência e da corrupção, por meio de conexões normais” (2:175). Essa explicação reflete a compreensão dos escritores Kunta dos nomes de Deus como agentes da existência e das ciências como trabalhando de acordo com processos “normais”.

Um quadrado mágico três por três para a letra mīm. Todas as linhas, colunas e diagonais somam 333. Sīdi Muhammad al-Kuntī, Fawāʾid nūrāniyya wa farāʾid sirriyya rahmāniyya, MH 12211, fol. 32b.

No Fawāʾid nūrāniyya, Sidi Muhammad se refere ao processo de transformar uma letra ou nome em um quadrado de três por três como “cubing” (taʿkīb), e de criar um quadrado de quatro por quatro como “quad-ing” (tarrabaʾ). Ele também fornece exemplos de quadrados mágicos associados a letras específicas, juntamente com instruções sobre como usá-los para obter efeitos específicos. Assim, para a letra mīm, ele fornece um quadrado de três por três no qual todas as linhas, colunas e diagonais somam 333, escrevendo, “quem quer que o grave em uma tábua de chumbo… será protegido do engano dos inimigos e dos invejosos.” Dessa forma, ele endossa a criação e o uso de talismãs que fazem uso de versículos do Quran, dos nomes de Deus, das letras do alfabeto árabe, dos números que correspondem aos nomes e letras, e dos vários quadrados, tabelas e formas que representam os nomes e letras (2:174).

Sorcery or Science?: Contesting Knowledge and Practice in West African Sufi Texts - Ariela Marcus-Sells