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Kamalapur Railway Station in Dhaka

Architectural Optimism of Bangladesh

Saša Šimpraga, 2021.

Adnan Zillur Morshed is an architect and architectural historian with focus on history and theory of modern architecture and urbanism; global history; urban poverty and spatiality; water and architectural historiography; and ecological urbanism in developing countries. He received his Ph.D. and Master’s in architecture from MIT and completed his pre-doctoral studies at the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts at the National Gallery of Art and postdoctoral under Verville Fellowship at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC.

Morshed is the author of several books among other: Impossible Heights: Skyscrapers, Flight, and the Master Builder which examines the American fascination with the skyscraper and the airplane as part of a widely shared cultural phenomenon--the aesthetics of ascension--that characterized the interwar period. His books also include DAC, Dhaka through Twenty-Five Buildings.

He is a professor at the School of Architecture and Planning of the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C.

Adnan Morshed is also involved with local and international intiatives on preservation of modernist architectural heritage of Bangladesh. We talk to him on the occasion of current international appeal to save the Kamalapur Railway Station in Dhaka from demolition.

SŠ: A gem of the Modern Movement in South Asia, The Kamalapur Railway Station in Dhaka, designed by Daniel Dunham and Robert Boughey in the 1960s is threatened due to the an urban expansion plan of the Dhaka Metro Rail's Line that includes its demolition and replacement by a new infrastructure, rather than its adaptation. What is the significance of the building and its current status?

Adnan Morshed: Kamalapur Railway Station is a rare modern train station in South Asia. It adopts an aesthetic vocabulary of tropical modernism for a public building in ways that have not been seen before in the region. The station’s modernist architecture breaks with colonial precedents both in the imperial center and on the subcontinent. In London, St. Pancras Station (1863–76) encapsulated modern values of mobility and exchange, while the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus; built in 1888 and now a UNESCO World Heritage) in Mumbai and Howrah Station (1906) in Kolkata functioned as symbols of imperial hegemony.

The histories of colonialism and train infrastructure are deeply intertwined in South Asia. In 1862, the Eastern Bengal Railway Company opened the first railway line in the region from which it took its name. Connecting Kolkata with the western Bangladeshi town of Kushtia, this expansion of train services signaled a new phase in the growth of East Bengal’s colonial economy. Due to geographical challenges posed by Bengal's deltaic terrain, the railway did not arrive in Dhaka until the following century, after the city’s economic profile had risen and it was subsequently made, in 1947, the provincial capital of then-East Pakistan. In 1958, the government approved the creation of a new railway depot, which was inaugurated a decade later as Kamalapur Railway Station. Not only was it one of the largest modern railway stations in South Asia, but it also embodied changing conceptions of modernity, from the bracing mobility of 19th-century railways to the soaring modernism that defined the 1960s.

Kamalapur Railway Station, Photo by Anik Sarker/ Wikipedia

SŠ: Also in danger of demolition is the Dhaka University Teacher-Student Center Building by Greek architect Constantinos Doxiadis (the mastermind behind planning the city of Islamabad) from early 1960s. The structure exemplifies a modernist architectural sensitivity toward spatial needs for tropical climatic conditions. TSC's dome-shaped structure with empty spaces around is considered an iconic landmark not only inside Dhaka Uiversity campus, but in the broader cityscape of Dhaka. How optimistic are you about its future? And what is the general status of modernist architectural heritage of Bangladesh?

Adnan Morshed: I am concerned about the mid-20th-century buildings in Bangladesh because of the ways the notion of development is taking precedence over environment, history, and, generally, human wellbeing. Many buildings are about to face the wrecking ball. These buildings include the Teacher-Student Center or TSC. Located at the historic heart of the University of Dhaka, TSC exemplifies a type of tropical modernism that blends local architectural traditions of space-making—particularly the indoor-outdoor continuum and generation of space around courtyards—with the abstract idiom of the International Style. The complex of buildings was designed by the Greek architect, planner, and theoretician Constantinos Apostolos Doxiadis (1913–1975) in the early 1960s. This was a turbulent time marked by conflicting currents of political tension and architectural optimism in what was then East Pakistan, now Bangladesh. On the one hand, the two wings of postcolonial Pakistan were at loggerheads because of the political domination of East Pakistan by the military junta based in West Pakistan. On the other hand, many architectural opportunities arose in East Pakistan, which benefitted from American technical assistance. The United States allied with Pakistan as part of its Cold War-era foreign policy to create a geostrategic buffer against the socialist milieu of the Soviet Union–India axis in South Asia. Under the purview of a technical assistance program, the United States Agency for International Development and the Ford Foundation provided support for building educational and civic institutions in East Pakistan. Since there was a dearth of experienced architects in East Pakistan, the government sought the services of American and European architects for a host of buildings that were constructed during the 1960s. Doxiadis was among them.

TSC, Photo by Fasiha Binte Zaman/ Wikipedia

TSC is also a demonstration of Doxiadis’s idea of ekistics, by which he meant an objective, comprehensive, and integrative approach to all principles and theories of human settlements. Criticizing the top-down planning model which he viewed as a central problem associated with modernism, Doxiadis employed the notion of ekistics to promote a multidisciplinary, inclusive, and bottom-up approach. He hoped that such a method would create a synergy of local and global influences, by which one could successfully meld a data-driven theorization of planning, universal values of harmonious living, and place-based cultural inflections.

In this vein, Doxiadis aligned the TSC’s ensemble of buildings on an east-west axis, to take advantage of the prevailing breeze from the south or north. The three-story Student Union Building features a “double roof” that minimizes heat gain by allowing cool breezes to pass in between the two canopies. The ingenious solution proved to be a trendsetting feature, but it was just one of the complex’s many innovations. Doxiadis covered the auditorium with a reinforced concrete parabolic vault, a pioneering construction technique that had yet to be tested in the country. Covered walkways, supported on steel columns, weave together the major buildings and green spaces, serving as the social spine of the entire complex. In the post-Independence period, TSC became the epicenter of political agitation within Bangladesh, serving as a backdrop to political demonstrations.

SŠ: Pioneer od modernist architecture in Bangladesh, Muzharul Islam, began hes career in the 1950s. Born in 1923, he went to study architecture in the United States, and then returned to Bangladesh. Along with his teacher Louis Kahn, he also brought Paul Rudolph and Stanley Tigerman to work in Bangladesh, and three of them came to be known as the American Trio. Apart from the Trio, it was Islam's style that dominated Bangladesh architecture from 1950s onwards. What is his legacy in architectural history of Dhaka?

Adnan Morshed: Not only was architect Muzharul Islam Bangladesh's pioneering modernist architect, he was also an activist designer who viewed architecture as an effective medium for social transformation. His early work shows how architecture was deeply embedded in post-Partition politics.

Consider his “master piece,” the Faculty of Fine Arts (1953-56) at Shahbagh in Dhaka. At first encounter, the building presents the image of an international-style building, with a quiet and dignified attention to the architectural demands of tropical Bengal. Closer inspection, however, hinders the Eurocentric tendency to measure the building's “modernity” exclusively through a “Western” lens. A host of nuanced architectural modulations and environmental adaptations reveals how Muzharul Islam's work cross-pollinates a humanising, modernist architectural language with conscious considerations of climatic needs and local building materials.

Faculty of Fine Arts, Photo by Rossi101/ Wikipedia

The literature on South Asian modern architecture usually identifies the Faculty of Fine Arts as the harbinger of a Bengali modernism, synthesising a modern architectural vocabulary with climate-responsive and site-conscious design programmes. What has not been examined in this iconic building is how Islam's work also provides a window into the ways his architectural experiments with modernist aesthetics were part of his inquiries into the ongoing politics of Bengali nationalist activism.

Muzharul Islam interpreted the prevailing political conditions in his homeland as a fateful conflict between the secular humanist ethos of Bengal and an alien Islamist identity imposed by the Urdu-speaking ruling class in West Pakistan. The turbulent politics in which he found himself influenced his worldview as well as his fledgling professional career. The young architect began his design career in a context of bitterly divided notions of national origin and destiny, and his architectural work would reflect this political debate. He felt the need to articulate his homeland's identity on ethno-cultural grounds, rather than on a supra-religious foundation, championed by West Pakistani power-wielders. Muzharul Islam's Faculty of Fine Arts embodied these beliefs.

With his iconoclastic building, Islam sought to achieve two distinctive goals. First, the building introduced the aesthetic tenets of modern architecture to East Pakistan. For many, its design signalled a radical break from the country's prevailing architectural language for civic buildings. These buildings were designed either in an architectural hybrid of Mughal and British colonial traditions, popularly known as Indo-Saracenic, or as utilitarian corridor-and-room building boxes, delivered by the provincial government's Department of Communications, Buildings, and Irrigation (CBI). The Faculty of Fine Arts was an unambiguous departure from the colonial-era Curzon Hall (1904–1908) at the Dhaka University, within walking distance of Islam's building, and the Holy Family Hospital (1953; now Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital).

Faculty of Fine Arts, Photo: Wikipedia

Second, the Faculty of Fine Arts' modernist minimalism—rejecting all ornamental references to Mughal and Indo-Saracenic architecture—was a conscious critique of the politicised version of Islam that had become a state apparatus for fashioning a particular religion-based image of postcolonial Pakistan. By abstracting his design through a modernist visual expression, Muzharul Islam sought to purge architecture of what he viewed as the political associations of instrumental religion.

SŠ: Internationally, perhaps the most known modernist structure in Bangladesh is the National Parliament Complex, designed by Louis Kahn and associates. Its construction began in 1964, in what is now known as the Decade of Development for Bangladesh and time when Dhaka was the second capital of Pakistan. When talking about architecture in general, Muzharul Islam stated that „practical aspects of architecture are measurable – such as, the practical requirements, climatic judgments, the advantages and limitations of the site etc. – but the humanistic aspects are not measurable.“ Those aspects come when the architect leaves and building starts its life. How did that highly acclaimed complex came to be a part of the national identity and how its architecture influences culture in a broader sence?

National Parliament Complex in Dhaka, Photo: Yes, Louis Kahn

Adnan Morshed: The American architect Louis Isadore Kahn's Parliament building in Dhaka is considered one of the architectural icons of the twentieth century. Intriguingly, Kahn was not the first choice for the project. After two masters, Le Corbusier and Alvar Aalto, had turned down the invitation from the government of Pakistan, the megaproject went to the architect from Philadelphia. After multiple design iterations and many bureaucratic entanglements, the construction of the Parliament building began in October 1964, at Sher-e-Bangla Nagar.

Kahn first visited Dhaka in early March of 1963, after he had received the commission to plan the Parliament complex of East Pakistan. Five years earlier, the commander-in-chief of the Pakistani army, Mohammad Ayub Khan, took control of the government through a military coup and imposed martial law in October 1958. In 1960, the military man was “elected” to a five-year presidency. Pakistan's new constitution of 1962 called for a “democratic” election to be held in 1965. The decade of the 1960s was a politically tumultuous period in East Pakistan. Bengalis felt exploited and ignored by West Pakistan's military regime and, consequently, dreamed of independence from the doomed political geography of a nation with two units separated by over 1,000 miles. Aware of the political and economic disparity between the two halves of Pakistan and concerned about his own re-election bid, Ayub Khan's administration came up with a political strategy to mitigate the grievance of the Bengalis.

National Parliament Complex in Dhaka, Photo: Yes, Louis Kahn

The idea of a “second capital” for East Pakistan was born in this context. This showcase capital would, it was hoped, “bind East Pakistan more firmly to the nation by conducting the nation's business for half of each year.” The political drama that ensued from then on explains how the Parliament building, first conceived as a “bribe” for the Bengalis, gradually took on a whole new identity as a symbol of the people's struggle for self-rule. With rudimentary construction tools and bamboo scaffolding tied with crude jute ropes, approximately 2,000 lungi-clad construction workers erected a monumental government building. Slowly but steadily, they unwittingly portrayed the broader resilience of a nation revolting against economic and social injustice. If the Shahid Minar symbolised the language movement during the 1950s, the Parliament building portrayed the rise of the independence-minded Bengalis during the 1960s.

Kahn searched for inspirations from the Bengal delta, its rivers, green pastoral, expansive landscape, raised homesteads, and land-water geography. Soon after he had first arrived in Dhaka, he went on a boat ride on the Buriganga River and sketched scenes to understand life in this tropical land. He didn't have any problems in blending Bengali vernacular impressions with those of classical Greco-Roman and Egyptian architecture he had studied during the 1950s. As the war broke out in 1971, Kahn's field office in East Pakistan quickly closed and construction work discontinued. During the liberation war, an ironic story persisted that Pakistani pilots didn't bomb the building assuming that it was a ruin! That “ruin” eventually became an emblem of the country, adorning national currency, stamps, rickshaw decorations, advertisements, official brochures, and so on. When it was more or less completed in 1983—more than a decade after East Pakistan (later Bangladesh) emerged as a new nation-state and 9 years after Kahn's unexpected death in New York City—the Parliament complex emblematised the political odyssey of a people to statehood.

National Parliament Complex in Dhaka, Photo: Yes, Louis Kahn

SŠ: Transformation of Dhaka today is intensive. What would be some of the significant architectural achievements in contemporary Dhaka and Bangladesh?

Adnan Morshed: The architectural scene in Bangladesh has been thriving with a “new” energy over the past two decades or so. Bangladeshi architects have been experimenting with form, material, aesthetics, and, most importantly, the idea of how architecture relates to history, society, and the land. Their various experiments bring to the fore a collective feeling that something has been going on in this crowded South Asian country. One is not quite sure about what drives this restless energy! Is it the growing economy? The rise of a new middle class with deeper pockets? Is it an aesthetic expression of a society in transition? Is it aesthetics meeting the politics of development?

Whatever it is, an engaged observer may call this an open-ended search for some kind of “local” modernity. Bangladeshi architects have been winning architectural accolades from around the world for a variety of architectural projects. High-profile national architectural competitions have created a new type of design entrepreneurship, yielding intriguing edifices. Architects have also been expanding the notion of architectural practice by engaging with low-income communities and producing cost-effective shelters for the disenfranchised. Traditionally trained to design stand-alone buildings, architects seem increasingly concerned with the challenges of creating liveable cities.

No doubt it is an exciting time in Bangladesh, architecturally speaking, even if the roads in the country's big cities are paralysed by traffic congestion and a pervasive atmosphere of urban chaos. In the midst of infernal urbanisation across the country, an architectural culture has been taking roots with both promises and perils, introducing contentious debates about its origin, nature, and future.

Architecturally, the 1980s was an interesting time, as divergent ideas began to permeate architectural thinking in the country. Three stories should be mentioned. An “avant-garde” architectural study group named Chetona (meaning awareness) sought to introduce critical thinking as an essential part of architectural practice. Many architects, senior and junior— disillusioned with the prevalent role of architecture as primarily a professional practice without broader social visions and engagement with history and culture—gravitated toward Chetona, meeting at Muzharul Islam's architectural office, Bastukalabid, at Poribagh. The iconoclasm of the study group revolved around reading critical writings in architecture, criticism of current methods of architectural pedagogy, and reasoned questioning of architecture as a technical discipline. The group's reading list ranged from Rabindranath Tagore to the Franco-Swiss architect Le Corbusier to the Norwegian architectural theorist Christian Norberg-Schulz.

The influence of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture (AKAA), an architectural prize established by Aga Khan IV in 1977, was also felt strongly during the 1980s. The award sought to champion regional, place-based and culture-sensitive architectural impetuses in Islamic societies. Awardees included projects in contemporary design, social housing, community development, restoration, adaptive reuse, and landscape design. Architects were inspired to look for a “spirit of place.” Regionalism was in vogue.

The Aga Khan Award for Architecture's flagship magazine, Mimar: Architecture in Development, first published in 1981, influenced many Bangladeshi architects and architecture students in thinking beyond western modernism and the aesthetic conventions it allegedly created. At its inception, Mimar was the sole international architecture magazine focusing on architecture in the developing world. In many ways, the magazine's celebration of “local” expanded the scope of architectural practice in the country and gave rise to new aspirations among architects, who were willing to search for organic roots in architecture.

Bait Ur Rouf Mosque in Dhaka by Marina Tabassum, 2016 Aga Khan Award Recipient

The new architectural aspirations coincided with the rapid urbanisation of Bangladesh and the rise of an urban middle class that spawned a flourishing culture of architectural patronage. A historically agrarian country, Bangladesh began to urbanise rapidly from the late 1980s. The country's total urban population rose from a modest 7.7 percent in 1970 to 31.1 percent in 2010. Impoverished rural migrants began to flock to major cities, particularly the capital, Dhaka, in search of employment and better lives. Its population skyrocketed from 1.8 million in 1974 to more than 6 million in 1991 and to nearly 18 million today. The capital city's massive population boom created an unsustainable demand on urban land, and in return, land values increased.

During this transitional period, real estate developers emerged as powerful economic actors in Dhaka and beyond, playing a key role in replacing traditional single-family houses with multi-story apartment complexes. Meanwhile, public-sector housing failed to meet the demand, and in this vacuum, private real estate companies flourished rapidly. As private developers became key actors in the city's housing market, a trade association was needed to regulate the real estate sector and to ensure fair competition among its members. The stratospheric rise of private real-estate developers suggested that there was a robust market for high-density, multifamily apartments, even though affordability remained a major hurdle. Many architects experimented with material, form, spatial organisation, construction, aesthetic expression, and the individual plot's urban relationship to the neighbourhood.

A burgeoning class of urban entrepreneurs—who made their fortunes in the country's export-oriented ready-made garments industry, manufacturing and transportation sectors, construction industry, and consumer market—emerged as a new generation of architectural patrons, investing hefty amounts of money to build their signature single-family houses and other projects, including apartment complexes, hospitals, shopping malls, private schools and universities, factories, spaces of worship, etc.

And, happily, architects began to find work abundantly from the mid-1990s. Design consultancy until the early 1990s was limited to a handful of architectural firms. But soon thereafter new, smaller firms, run by younger architects, began to reshape the traditional methods of architectural design practice in the country.

The liberalisation of the market, the emergence of a strong private sector, and rapid urbanisation resulted in the need for a range of building typologies and related architectural design services. In the public sector, government organisations began to evaluate the social and commercial value of aesthetic expression and hired architectural firms to compete in the building market. All of these developments ushered in a vibrant and dynamic opportunity for architectural experiments. The last two decades in Bangladesh witnessed an intense battle of architectural ideas. The earlier attitudes to orthodox modernism or regionalism in architecture dispersed into a more nuanced landscape of aesthetic abstraction.

SŠ: „For most of modern history, cities grew out of wealth. Even in more recently developed countries, such as China and Korea, the flight towards cities has largely been in line with income growth. But recent decades have brought a global trend for “poor-country urbanisation”, in the words of Harvard University economist Edward Glaeser, with the proliferation of low-income megacities.“ Dhaka is an example of such a city that has outpaced develepoment and has grown tremendously. Can planned urbanisation even tackle such a huge task in given circumstaces?

Adnan Morshed: While architecture rose and prospered as individual plot-based or stand-alone practices, cities—Dhaka as a glaring example—as a whole descended into unbearable chaos. In extreme cases, Taj Mahals coexisted with overflowing dumpsters. Private oases and sumptuous cafes overlooked the ghettoised world of slums. While architects searched for Bengali roots and global gravitas in their work, they mostly failed to promote an “ethical” view of how city should function and treat all its citizens.

While globalisation went on with a cutthroat consumerist and neoliberal agenda, and architecture patronage benefitting from it, social inequality grew manifold. Architects seemed confused as to how architecture could or should also play mitigating roles in addressing the issues of social justice. Slums burned and architects rushed to the site with naïve, superficial aesthetic solutions without trying to understand the exploitative economic and political systems that blight society in the first place. The feeling that “architecture is great but the city rots” sometimes seems overwhelming.

Walking in some of Dhaka's walkable streets fronted with exclusive-looking buildings, an observer might wonder how architecture could showcase the rising stature of a developing country, while failing to play a role in making it socially just.

In Croatian: https://vizkultura.hr/intervju-adnan-morshed/

Projekt Motel Trogir u 2021. godini podržan je od Ministarstva kulture i medija Republike Hrvatske i Zaklade Kultura nova.

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superautoreviews · 7 years

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2021 Ford Focus Review, Price, Horsepower

New Post has been published on http://fordrumors.xyz/2021-ford-focus-review-price-horsepower/

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wiadomosciprasowe · 5 years

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Stor interesse for Fords mange elektrifiserte nyheter

https://www.y6.no/stor-interesse-for-fords-mange-elektrifiserte-nyheter/

Stor interesse for Fords mange elektrifiserte nyheter

Dato: 09-04-2019 11:35 CEST Opprinnelig tittel på pressemeldingen: Stor interesse for Fords mange elektrifiserte nyheter Kategori: , Motor Motor, biler, motorsykler Livsstil, mote, fritid Vitenskap, teknikk Entreprenørskap Miljø, energi Industri, produksjon Transport Offentlig sektor Biltrafikk Norske Ford-forhandlere har allerede merket en stor interesse for de mange elektrifiserte nye familiebilene og nyttekjøretøyene Ford presenterte i starten av forrige uke. Spesielt den nye Mustang-inspirerte elbil-SUVen, som vil få en rekordrekkevidde på opptil 600 kilometer, har fått mye oppmerksomhet.

Norske Ford-forhandlere har allerede merket en stor interesse for de mange elektrifiserte nye familiebilene og nyttekjøretøyene Ford presenterte i starten av forrige uke. Spesielt den nye Mustang-inspirerte elbil-SUVen, som vil få en rekordrekkevidde på opptil 600 kilometer, har fått mye oppmerksomhet.

– Det er helt klart at vi er veldig fornøyde med det vi har fått presentert her. Både hybrid og ladbare hybrider er noe det norske markedet etterspør og ikke minst er vi overbevist om at den nye helelektriske SUV-en med en rekordrekkevidde på 600 km vil bli en suksess. Vi gleder oss til å få bilene til Norge, og har allerede merket stor interesse fra publikum, sier Arild Odden, formann i Ford-forhandlerforening.

I en satsing som markerer en ny milepæl for bilprodusenten, vil Ford tilby et helt nytt utvalg av drivstoffeffektive og kjøreglade biler som er skreddersydd for å møte norske kunders ulike behov. Det betyr at kundene skal finne en elektrifisert Ford enten de skal kjøre til butikken, levere pakker eller ha en sportslig kjøreopplevelse.

Mer enn 70 norske Ford-forhandlere var tilstede på arrangementet «Go Further» i Amsterdam og fikk med seg de mange nye og elektrifiserte modellene.

REKORDREKKEVIDDE: Her presenterer styreformann i Ford Europa, Steven Armstrong, nyheten om at den nye Ford Mustang-inspirerte elektriske SUVen fra Ford, får rekordrekkevidde på over 600 kilometer.

Se flere bilder av nyhetene og få mer informasjon om arrangementet: KLIKK HER

Investerer 100 milliarder kroner i elektrifisering

Fords investering på over 100 milliarder i elektrifisering innebærer lansering av en eller flere elektrifiserte varianter av alle nye og eksisterende modeller – alt fra 48 volt hybrid, hybrid, ladbar hybrid og helelektrisk. Dette i tillegg til svært drivstoffeffektive bensin og dieselmotorer, for å gi kundene det Ford kaller «power of choice».

I 2020 kommer en helelektrisk Mustang-inspirert SUV med en rekordrekkevidde på opptil hele 600 km etter den nye og strenge målemetoden WLTP. En helelektrisk variant av varebilen Ford Transit 2-tonn vil også bli lansert i 2021.

Elektrifiserte modeller for alle behov

– Fra Fiesta til og med Transit skal alle nye modeller få en eller flere elektrifiserte varianter for å ivareta ulike kunders behov. Det skjer store fremskritt innenfor teknologi, bilene våre er nå online og dette er bare starten på utviklingen av et omfattende modellutvalg smarte biler til en smart verden, sier adm. dir. i Ford Motor Norge Per Gunnar Berg.

Luksuriøs Explorer 7-seters ladbar hybrid-SUV og Kuga ladbar hybrid, hybrid og mild hybrid

Den helt nye og mellomstore SUV-favoritten Ford Kuga ble presentert som ladbar hybrid, hybrid og mild hybrid. Den får en elektrisk rekkevidde på over 50 kilometer som ladbar hybrid. Også den nye luksuriøse store 7-seters SUV-en Ford Explorer kommer til Norge som ladbar hybrid. Den nye 8-seters familiebilen Tourneo Custom ble også presentert som ladbar hybrid.

Fiesta og nye Focus som EcoBoost-hybrid

Nylig har Ford også lansert Ford Mondeo hybrid stasjonsvogn som har vekket stor interesse på det norske markedet. Ford avslørte dessuten at både Fiesta og nye Focus kommer som EcoBoost-hybrid. Dette er en avansert mild hybridteknologi som reduserer CO2-utslippet, gir lavere drivstofforbruk og en mer responsiv og morsom kjøreopplevelse.

– For å kunne elektrifisere – må infrastruktur på plass. Ford sammen med flere bilprodusenter har startet IONITY som ruller ut «superchargers» eller lynladere med ladekapasitet på opptil 350 Kw – for å sikre kortest mulig ladetid. Det vil være 18 ladestasjoner i Norge – med opptil 6 ladepunkter per stasjon – og 400 sentralt plassert i hele Europa innen utgangen av 2020 avslutter Per Gunnar Berg.

Kilde: Pressekontor Ford Motor Norge AS – PRESSEMELDING –

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Om Ford Motor Company

Ford Motor Company er en global bilindustrileder med ca. 202.000 ansatte verden over – og har hovedkontor i Dearborn, Michigan, USA. Selskapet utvikler og produserer en rekke kjøretøy som inkluderer personbiler, nyttekjøretøy, lastebiler, og Lincoln luksusbiler. Ford Motor Company har en ledende rolle innen elektrifisering, selvkjørende biler og mobilitetsløsninger. Konsernet leverer finansielle tjenester gjennom Ford Motor Credit Company. For mer informasjon om Fords produkter, vennligst besøk www.ford.no

Ford Europa er ansvarlig for å produsere, selge og vedlikeholde Ford kjøretøy i 50 markeder og har ca. 69.000 ansatte. I tillegg til Ford Motor Credit Company inkluderer Ford Europas virksomhet Ford Servicemarked og 24 produksjonsenheter, inklusive samarbeidsprosjekter. Den første Ford-bilen ble sendt til Europa i 1903 – samme år som Ford Motor Company ble etablert. Produksjon i Europa startet i 1911.

Ford Motor Norge er en bilprodusent og mobilitetsselskap som importerer biler og deler for salg gjennom et forhandlernettverk på 82 salgs- og servicepunkter. Den første Ford-bilen kom til Norge allerede i 1906, trolig gjennom firmaet E.C. Gjestvang i Oslo. Lenge var det kun private forhandlere som importerte Ford til Norge via Danmark. Først i 1960 ble Ford Motor Norge etablert etter sterkt engasjement fra blant annet Trygve Lie, FNs første generalsekretær og norsk ambassadør i Washington.

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rginternetpress · 3 years

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Bicampeonato para Zeballos-González

También consiguieron el Campeonato Nacional de Ralyl 2021 Martín Tellagorry-Martín Márquez en la RC4N y Luigi Contín-Federico Rodríguez en la RC5N

El Campeonato Nacional de Rally disputó la cuarta fecha en caminos aledaños a la ciudad de Mariscala, Lavalleja. Fue el regreso del Club Uruguayo de Rally después de muchos años de ausencia.

El resultado fue una gran carrera con 45 tripulaciones que compitieron en caminos formidables durante 8 tramos de velocidad divididos en dos etapas (sábado y domingo) de 4 tramos cada una.

Victoria incuestionable de Rodrigo Zeballos-Sebastián González (Peugeot 208 MR) quienes además se consagran Campeones Nacionales por segundo año consecutivo a falta de una Fecha para finalizar la temporada el próximo 17 al 19 de diciembre con sede en Minas.

En el comienzo de la competencia, el binomio conformado por Martín Cánepa-Gonzalo Ferrari (Mitsubishi Evo IX) salieron decididos a buscar su primera victoria del año y dominaron los dos primeros tramos de la carrera para tomar el liderazgo y tratar de poner distancia con respecto a Zeballos-González. Pero en su intento sufrieron dos pinchaduras y posterior retiro de la prueba para dejar el camino libre a los ganadores.

Tras Zeballos-González y en una carrera de menos a más, Gustavo Prudente-Gustavo González (Mitsubishi Evo IX) llegaron en segundo lugar y por momentos presionando a los vencedores. Tercero arribó Federico Ensslin-Renato Figueroa (Mitsubishi Evo X).

Por su parte, pese a no llegar a la meta. Martín Tellagorry-Martín Márquez (Peugeot 206 R2) consiguieron anticipadamente el título Nacional en la RC4 y con una nueva victoria, Luigi Contín-Federico Rodríguez (Renault Clio IV R5) alcanzaron anticipadamente el Campeonato Nacional en la RC5N.

La categoría RC5N Challenge, tras dura carrera, se alzaron con el triunfo Pablo Rezk-Horacio Errazquin (VW Gol) en tanto que tras una larga sequía de buenos resultados, Juan Manuel Casella-Juan Villalba (Ford Focus) se impusieron en la categoría Rally Junior.

Asimismo, Gabriel Arnejo-Leonardo Rivas (Ford Ka) consiguieron su primera victoria en la categoría RC1600 tras batallar ante fuertes rivales.

Por último, la categoría reservada para autos históricos (RRSS), tuvo en el equipo conformado por Juan Lastreto-Juan Pereira (Ford Escort Cosworth) a los vencedores generales acumulando las Fechas 7 y 8 disputadas el fin de semana al ganar las dos Fechas.

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jonicker · 3 years

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The compact car offers more features than practical small dimensions. These vehicles can be very practical and easy to drive, with pleasant comfortable cabins, great for moving in or out of town, and many of their models today are also available with attractive interior space for passengers and luggage, along with features The high tech you are looking for.

Here's a list of the 10 best compact and small cars for shoppers of 2021, ranked from least to most important, according to CarMax's ranking.

1- Subaru Impreza

If you're looking for a small sedan or hatchback with all-wheel drive as standard, the Subaru Impreza delivers great traction in wet weather.

In addition to the all-wheel drive system, the car, starting from the 2017-2019 models, is equipped with a 152-horsepower 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine, which produces 145 pound-feet of torque and is connected to a five-speed manual transmission.

Whether you're cruising on city streets or looking for adventures off the track, this model is also engineered for responsive steering and looks sporty, especially around corners.

Standard features on the Subaru Impreza Limited include 17-inch alloy wheels and fog lights, along with leather upholstery as a feature of the interior. In addition, it is equipped with a 6-way electric driver's seat and an 8-inch screen

2- Ford Fiesta

Available as a sedan or small hatchback, the Ford Fiesta offers a range of powertrain options. The 2017-2019 models start with a 1.6-liter four-cylinder engine that delivers 120 horsepower and 112 pound-feet of torque.

2017 models start with the optional 1.0-liter turbocharged three-cylinder engine. The 2017-2019 Fiesta ST hatchback models can also offer motivating performance from its 197-hp 1.6-liter turbocharged four-cylinder engine with 202 lb-ft of torque.

The Ford Fiesta S comes well-equipped with 15-inch steel wheels with caps, power side mirrors, fabric upholstery, a six-speaker audio system and the SYNC ® infotainment system

3- Nissan Sunny

Whether you're shopping for a petrol car for the weekend or sharing a ride with friends, the Nissan Sunny is surprisingly roomy for its compact size. Especially the Note, with 14.9 cubic feet of luggage space, and the 2017-2019 models offer plenty of room for luggage or sports equipment.

Taller passengers may prefer to ride in the rear seat, which offers 37 inches of legroom under the hood and is powered by a 1.6-liter four-cylinder engine.

Standard features include 15-inch steel wheels with wheel covers, chrome exterior door handles, a six-way manual driver's seat, fold-down rear seats, and two 12-volt auxiliary power outlets.

4- Mazda 3

With its dynamic handling and impressive acceleration, the Mazda3 is a hugely popular small car, available as a sedan or hatchback, and base 2017-2018 models come with a 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine with 155 horsepower and 150 pound-feet of torque.

A choice of Touring or Grand Touring models gives you a four-cylinder engine with 184 horsepower and 2.5 liters for extra power.

It has a stylish interior with soft-touch materials and padded seats that can be comfortable for long drives. The Mazda3 has been redesigned for 2019 and is powered by a single 2.5-liter four-cylinder engine.

Standard features include an eight-way power-adjustable driver's seat, two-position driver's seat memory, heated front seats, a Bose ® 12-speaker audio system and aluminum front door speaker grilles.

5- Ford Focus

Offered in sedan and hatchback models, the Ford Focus is an affordable compact car that's great for commuting or running errands. Its 2017-2018 models come standard with a 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine with automatic transmission, or an optional 1.0-liter four-cylinder engine with a turbocharger.

With a quiet cabin and balanced handling that gives you a fun driving focus, whether you're going to the beach or on a shopping spree, you can enjoy plenty of room for your belongings with the 23.3 cubic feet of cargo volume capacity in the 2017-2018 hatchback.

Standard features include 17-inch alloy wheels, power sunroof, Sync 3 infotainment system, Apple CarPlay, and reverse sensing.

6- Volkswagen Jetta

A family-friendly sedan that's very practical and fun to drive. The 2017-2019 models start with a 1.4-liter turbocharged four-cylinder engine. If you want sporty performance, the 2017-2018 Jetta also offers two optional engines, including a four-cylinder engine. 170 hp 1.8-liter or 210 hp with a turbocharged 2.0-liter four-cylinder on the GLI.

With ample legroom and overhead room for taller passengers, and approximately 15.5 cubic feet of luggage capacity, the Jetta can be perfectly comfortable for long trips.

The redesigned 2019 Volkswagen Jetta SE includes features such as 16-inch black alloy wheels, power tilt/slide panoramic sunroof, dual-zone automatic climate control, heated front seats and forward collision warning system.

7- Chevrolet Cruze

Available as a sedan or small hatchback, the Chevrolet Cruze is stylish and well-suited to a variety of lifestyles. Whether you're sharing the kids or enjoying a night on the town, your passengers can enjoy plenty of personal space with 36.1 inches of rear-seat legroom available starting from 2017 models. -2019, including 14.8 cubic feet of volume in the sedan or 22.7 cubic feet in the hatchback

Available in five trim levels, the 2017-2019 Cruze includes several connectivity features, including Apple CarPlay and Android Auto integration on all models.

It also features 17-inch aluminum wheels, heated exterior mirrors, a heated leather-wrapped steering wheel, heated front seats, and an eight-way power-adjustable driver's seat.

8- Toyota Corolla

A compact sedan with a spacious interior that caters to your specific goals and travels, with 41.4 inches of rear-seat legroom on 2017-2019 models, taller passengers shouldn't feel cramped in this sedan. There is also 13 cubic feet of cargo volume for carrying luggage, groceries or baby gear. The Corolla 2017-2019 is powered by a 132-horsepower 1.8-liter four-cylinder engine.

The Toyota Corolla features 15-inch steel wheels, 60/40 fold-down rear seat fabric upholstery, a rear-view camera, and a 6.1-inch touchscreen.

9- Nissan Sentra

Spacious and comfortable, using a 1.8-liter four-cylinder engine producing 124 horsepower and 125 pound-feet of torque, the 2017-2019 Sentra is fuel-efficient and offers 37.4 inches of rear seat legroom and 15.1 cubic feet of cargo volume, making it Flexible to accommodate sports or camping equipment.

By folding the 60/40 split rear seats and reclining the front passenger seat, you can even fit eight-foot items into this sedan.

Standard features on the Nissan Sentra SV include heated front seats, fabric upholstery, a leather steering wheel, a six-speaker audio system, and a rearview monitor.

10- Honda Civic car

Topping the list is the Honda Civic, which offers a plethora of options with three body styles, a long list of equipment, and two high-performance models: the 2017-2019 Civic C and Cape R, which start with 158 horsepower from a 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine, or with a 174-liter four-cylinder engine. 1.5 hp turbocharged (EX-T models and higher in 2017-2018, EX models and higher in 2019 models).

On the road, the Civic is designed to drive with confidence and deliver excellent handling that feels comfortable when cornering or traveling off-road.

Standard features on the 2017-2019 Honda Civic Touring include chrome door handles, rain-sensing windshield wipers, heated front and rear seats, and a 4-way power-adjustable passenger seat, with a 10-speaker audio system.

Source: CarMax

#IFTTT #Blogger

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rginternetpress · 3 years

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Cyro Fontes el mejor uruguayo en TC2000

En la última fecha del torneo del TC2000 Cyro Fontes y Rodrigo Aramendía terminaron 6to y 7mo respectivamente, siendo los dos uruguayos mejores clasificados en una carrera que fue ganada por Jorge Barrio

Jorge Barrio y el Fluence del Ambrogio Racing se quedaron con la final del "Gran Premio Canestrari" para el Campeonato Argentino de TC2000 en el circuito número 9 del Autódromo “Oscar y Juan Gálvez” de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, en donde se llevó a cabo la duodécima y última fecha de la temporada 2021. Javier Scuncio Moro (FDC Motor Sports) y Facundo Marques (Ambrogio Racing) completaron el podio.

La competencia se puso en marcha con procedimiento de largada con pista húmeda a causa de las condiciones climáticas, donde Scuncio Moro encabezó la fila india por delante de Barrio. Más atrás se encolumnaban Marques, Lucas Guerra (Escudería Fela) y Cyro Fontes (FDC Motor Sports) para completar el top cinco inicial.

Cuando transcurría la segunda vuelta, Barrio atacó decidido la posición de Scuncio Moro en la zona de los mixtos y pasó a liderar la contienda.

Poco después, Juan Manuel Casella (Fineschi Racing) y Rodrigo Aramendía (FDC Motor Sports) pugnaban por el sexto lugar.

En la mitad de la prueba, Aramendía intentó avanzar sobre la posición de Provens y perdió el control de su Citroën C4 Lounge en la bajada del "Tobogán". El uruguayo se despistó y terminó contra las defensas de contención, pero logró regresar a pista y mantenerse en carrera.

Adelante, Barrio estiraba cada vez más la ventaja cuando la lluvia era intermitente en el "Coliseo Porteño". Detrás, Scuncio Moro también mantenía su diferencia con relación a Marques, quien marchaba tercero.

En la vanguardia, Barrio se encaminaba a un nuevo triunfo sin darle oportunidades a sus contrincantes, mientras que Provens y Casella sufrían sendos despistes a poco del cierre.

Finalmente, Barrio cruzó la bandera a cuadros como el vencedor de la carrera, por lo que concretó su octavo triunfo de una temporada que lo vio consagrarse como el nuevo monarca de la divisional. Scuncio Moro terminó segundo y Marques fue tercero; mientras que detrás finalizaron Guerra, Montenegro, Fontes, Aramendía, Barrios Bustos, Josephsohn y Miguel García (FDC Motor Sports).

En el campeonato, Barrio se adjudicó el título con 369 puntos, secundado por Marques con 258, Montenegro suma 246, Guerra con 242 y Scuncio Moro con 204 unidades.

Carrera Final

1 Jorge Barrio Renault Fluence 21 1:29.819

2 Javier Scuncio Moro Citroen C4 Lounge 21 1:30.607

3 Facundo Marques Renault Fluence 21 1:30.984

4 Lucas Guerra Ford Focus III 21 1:31.146

5 Ignacio Montenegro Toyota Corolla 21 1:31.320

6 Cyro Fontes Citroen C4 Lounge 21 1:30.512

7 Rodrigo Aramendia Citroen C4 Lounge 21 1:32.102

8 Felipe Barrios Bustos Renault Fluence 21 1:31.792

9 Andres Josephsohn Peugeot 408 21 1:33.092

10 Miguel Garcia Citroen C4 Lounge 21 1:31.373

11 Eugenio Provens Toyota Corolla 20 1:30.283

12 Juan Manuel Casella Peugeot 408 20 1:31.442

13 Gonzalo Reilly Ford Focus III 20 1:33.253

14 Milton Bobel Peugeot 408 20 1:33.484

15 Elder Tasca Ford Focus III 18 1:34.638

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bixentef · 3 years

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#electriccar #obsuremonday #fordmustangmache #usacars #bixentef #tourisme #automobile #salon La Mustang Mach-E est présentée le 18 novembre 2019 sur l’aéroport municipal d' #Hawthorne, dans le comté de Los #Angeles aux États-Unis, sous la forme d'un prototype proche de la série, avant sa première exposition publique au Salon de Los Angeles 2019. Ford a dévoilé son nom officiel une semaine avant, le 14 novembre 2019. Il fait référence à la Mustang Mach 1 de 1969, et il est le premier véhicule 100 % électrique du constructeur américain. Son design s'inspire de la Mustang de sixième génération avec des feux arrière rappelant le coupé sportif et sa calandre reçoit le fameux mustang au galop en son centre. Le SUV est commercialisé aux États-Unis à partir d'octobre 2020. En #Europe, il est commercialisé fin 2021 dans sa version GT, en quatre roues motrices et avec une #batterie de 88 kWh uniquement, et avec seulement deux coloris « Bleu Grabber » et « Cyber Orange ». En juin 2021, le constructeur annonce avoir produit plus de Ford Mustang Mach-E électrique (27 816) que de Ford Mustang thermique (26 089). @wikipedia La Mustang Mach-E est basée sur la plate-forme technique Global #Electrified 2 (GE2), dérivée de la plate-forme C2 utilisée par la Focus de quatrième génération. Le SUV comporte deux coffres, un coffre traditionnel à l'arrière de 407 dm3 et un coffre sous le capot avant de 100 dm3. À l'extérieur, la Mustang Mach-E est démunie de poignées de porte, remplacées par un bouton sur le montant. Un pavé sensitif logé dans le pilier B offre la possibilité de composer un code pour ouvrir le véhicule. À l'intérieur, le #SUV électrique est doté d'une instrumentation numérique composée d'un écran de 10,4 pouces quand la planche de bord reçoit en son centre une immense tablette tactile de 15,5 pouces, orientée au format portrait, imitant en cela la #Tesla #Modelx. La tablette intègre une mollette en bas permettant de faciliter la navigation dans ses menus et utilise le système d'exploitation SYNC 4 de Ford. De plus, la planche de bord intègre une barre de son #Bang&Olufsen. La Ford #Mustang Mach-E propose la fonction « One pedale drive » .... (à Château d'Estoublon) https://www.instagram.com/p/CROkOvbjka1/?utm_medium=tumblr

#electriccar #obsuremonday #fordmustangmache #usacars #bixentef #tourisme #automobile #salon #hawthorne #angeles #europe #batterie #electrified #suv #tesla #modelx #bang #mustang

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blogueericdescarries · 3 years

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L’électrisante Mustang Mach E AWD et autres nouveautés

Le 23 juin 2021

Enfin, j’ai pu mettre la main sur la toute nouvelle Ford Mustang Mach E AWD X avec batterie de plus longue durée. Et, en même temps, je m’en sers comme troisième véhicule pour l’évènement ÉcoMois de l’AJAC (voir les blogues précédents). J’ai donc commencé avec une petite auto très économique (Mitsubishi Mirage), j’ai continué avec un véhicule hybride électrique rechargeable (PHEV, Lincoln Aviator Grand Touring) et cette fois, ce sera une voiture entièrement électrique, la Mustang Mach E. Je finirai plus tard avec un autre véhicule hybride, le Jeep Wrangler ex4.

La Mustang Mach E…c’est un autre genre de Mustang! (Photo Éric Descarries)

On aurait cru que la Mustang Mach E n’aurait pas eu besoin de présentation. Pourtant, j’ai dû l’identifier à plusieurs gens qui ne semblaient pas la reconnaître. Il faut dire que, pour l’automobiliste moyen, une Mustang, c’est tout d’abord un coupé ou un cabriolet sportif, souvent avec des échappements bruyants. Cette fois, la Mach E se présente plus comme un VUM (véhicule utilitaire multisegment) mais sans moteur à essence. La Mach E est certes la première auto toute électrique de Ford prête à se mesurer à plusieurs autres véhicules du genre comme la Tesla ou les Volvo électriques, Jaguar E-Pace et autres (j’ignore sciemment ici les Focus toutes électriques du passé). Sa grande caisse surélevée à quatre portes peut accepter cinq personnes à son bord. Il y a un bon espace cargo sous le hayon arrière et un petit espace de rangement sous le «capot» avant. Mais les designers de Ford ont réussi un tour de force à reproduire le look de la Mustang tant à l’avant qu’à l’arrière! Encore une fois, qu’on aime ou non ce design, c’est matière de goût. Mais la majorité des observateurs rencontrés ont aimé!

Vue de l’arrière, on reconnaît les feux de Mustang! (Photo Éric Descarries)

Toutefois, la même question revient : «Pourquoi Ford a-t-il pris le nom de Mustang pour sa voiture électrique?». Je crois que c’est une question de marketing. Le nom Mustang demeure un des plus accrocheurs de l’industrie. Alors, tandis que les ventes de «muscle cars» baissent à vue d’œil (la Mustang demeure le coupé sport le plus vendu du groupe des Mustang-Challenger-Camaro), on est loin des plus de 400 000 Mustang que le constructeur vendait à la sortie de la marque au milieu des années soixante. Le coupé-cabriolet Mustang est devenu un icône dans son créneau mais les ventes ne dépassent plus les 100 000 unités (c’est moins chez Challenger et beaucoup moins chez Camaro, une marque qui pourrait disparaître à moins que GM ne décide de l’utiliser pour faire comme Ford…la transformer en format électrique). La décision doit être bonne puisque, selon les rapports les plus sérieux, semble-t-il que la demande pour la Mustang Mach E dépasse actuellement celle pour les coupés-cabriolets !

La Mach E chez d’intéressants petits cousins…à essence! (Photo Éric Descarries)

Pour monter dans cette Mustang, on passe déjà à un nouveau chapitre. Pas de poignée comme tel, le conducteur (ou le passager d’avant) presse sur un bouton dans le cadre de la glace et la portière entrouvre automatiquement par action électrique (notez que mon père avait, quand j’étais jeune, une Lincoln Zephyr V12 1940 et les portières s’ouvraient par un bouton semblable…mais c’était mécanique!). Pour terminer l’opération, il y a un petit crochet que l’on doit prendre pour ouvrir la porte. Les portières arrière n’ont pas ce crochet mais on agrippe la portière par le cadre.

Le tableau de bord serait vraiment des plus simples s’il n’y avait pas cet imposant ordinateur en son centre. (Photo Éric Descarries)

Une fois en place derrière le volant (qui, lui, semble normal), le conducteur s’aperçoit que le tableau de bord est réduit à sa plus simple expression mais avec une finition ressemblant à un grillage de haut-parleur (parfait pour la sonorisation Bang & Olufsen). Seul un petit écran face au conducteur l’informe de la vitesse du véhicule et du reste de la charge qui reste en kilomètres et en pourcentage. Cependant, en son centre se trouve un grand écran vertical de plus de 15 pouces qui sert à toutes les autres fonctions, du chauffage à la radio en passant par le système de navigation. Impressionnant! Moderne!

Pour une Mustang, les places arrière sont certes plus invitantes! (Photo Éric Descarries)

Les sièges (avec ajustements multiples) sont confortables et les places arrière généreuses. L’ambiance intérieure est agrémentée par un imposant toit vitré panoramique (qui ne s’ouvre pas) alors que le reste de l’habitacle se confond avec le coffre qui est certes plus grand que celui d’un coupé Mustang! Plus encore, si l’on abaisse le plancher du coffre (oui, on peut le faire en déplaçant d’une coche la planche qui cache les accessoires dont le cordon d’alimentation) on gagne encore un peu plus d’espace. Enfin, la Mustang Mach E étant une sorte de VUM, il est possible d’abaisser le dossier des sièges d’arrière et obtenir encore plus de place! Là où Ford marque des points, surtout face à son rival Tesla, c’est grâce à la finition remarquable de cet habitacle. Mais, ne vous attendez pas à y voir des airs de Mustang ici. Il n’y a rien de Mustang dans la Mach E sauf l’ornementation du petit cheval dans le centre du volant!

Pour une Mustang, il y a plus d’espace de chargement! (Photo Éric Descarries)

Et la mécanique elle? Ouvrez le capot! Il n’y a rien à voir sauf quelques petits bouchons de réservoir pour le liquide des freins, des essuie-glaces et ainsi de suite. Oh! Il y a aussi un peu d’espace de rangement à l’avant! On ne voit même pas les «moteurs» électriques, ni à l’avant, ni à l’arrière. Toutefois, Ford nous apprend que les deux sont l’équivalent de 346 chevaux et 428 li-pi de couple. Les batteries au lithium-ion de 88 kWh sous la structure de la voiture et ils collaborent beaucoup au poids total de l’auto de plus de 4800 livres. Évidemment, il vaut mieux avoir une prise de 220 tout près pour profiter d’une charge qui se fait au rythme de 80% en une nuit (ou au point d’environ 50 kilomètres avec une prise de 120 volts). Je n’ai pas utilisé la Mach E pendant plus de 30 heures et j’ai réussi à atteindre le maximum de 100 % (449 km) en branchant l’auto sur du 120 ! La Mustang vient avec un câble auquel on peut adapter une connexion 240 ou 120. La seule plainte, c’est que ce câble est un peu court. Il existe des extensions de 30 ampères pour ce faire mais ce n’est pas recommandé (et ces rallonges ne sont pas faciles à trouver). Qui plus est, elles diminuent l’efficacité électrique donc, elles exigent plus de temps à la recharge. Ce que j`hais le plus, c’est de rouler la corde toute sale ou toute mouillée...tu sais, quand tu es tout habillé et prêt à sortir en propre…

Même avec une prise d’alimentation de 120 volts, j’ai réussi à «emplir» le «réservoir» ! (photo Éric Descarries)

Évidemment, la direction est à assistance électrique et le freinage avec récupération est à disques. Mais vraiment, de grands disques de 14 pouces à l’avant et 12 pouces à l’arrière. Je vous en reparle plus loin. Les pneus de ma voiture d’essai étaient des Michelin Primacy de 225/55R19.

Pas de photo de moteur cette fois. Le capot avant ouvre pour dévoiler un petit coffre. En anglais, ce nouvelle espace s’appelle «Frunk» pour front trunk ou coffre avant! (Photo Éric Descarries)

Ré-apprendre à conduire

En fait, c’est un peu ce qui attend l’automobiliste qui prend le volant de cette Mustang pour la première fois. Pas de son de démarreur en pressant le bouton de contact. Mais tout un jeu vidéo se déplie sur les écrans. Pour mettre en marche, le conducteur doit tourner la commande rotative au centre de la console à D (il y a aussi une commande L pour obtenir une gamme plus basse de «rapports»). On doit être un peu plus délicat avec l’accélérateur (au Québec, on aurait dit «pédale à gaz» mais…il n’y a plus de «gaz»!). La Mustang se déplace tout en douceur sans soubresaut (il n’y a pas de boîte de vitesses vu que les moteurs électriques sont en prise direct). Le freinage, par contre, demande une nouvelle approche. Si l’on relâche l’accélérateur, la voiture ralentit rapidement car les freins s’appliquent d’eux-mêmes (et les feux arrière s’illuminent!). J’ai «ralenti» ainsi à presque tous les coins de rue de mon patelin sans toucher à la pédale. Lorsqu’on y touche, même légèrement, on sent une plus grande puissance.

Accélérer à fond est presque grisant. Passer de 0 à 100 km/h peut se faire en moins de six secondes. Et on est rivé au siège. Dépasser est aussi un jeu d’enfant avec, en prime, aucune attente de «kickdown» pénibles comme on le vit avec les nouvelles boîtes automatiques à sept, huit, neuf ou dix rapports! C’est instantané…et tellement plus rassurant! Selon le constructeur, la vitesse maximale de cette Mustang serait de 185 km/h…ce que je n’ai pas essayé! (Rawdon et St-hyacinthe). En passant, au plancher, il est possible d’entendre un petit vrombissement de «moteur», un accessoire reproduit grâce à la radio haut de gamme !

La première chose que l’on m’a demandée suite à cet essai c’était si cette auto se comportait comme une Mustang. Ce que j’en ai conduit des Mustang dans ma vie! Des premières versions des années soixante jusqu’aux récentes Shelby. Alors, comment répondre à cette question? J’ai déjà fait de longs voyages avec des Mustang, des voyages que l’on pourra faire avec la Mach E sans aucun doute. La tenue de route? Il aurait fallu que je puisse conduire cette nouvelle Mustang sur une piste de course pour vous le dire. Mais voilà! La Mach E n’a pas été destinée à la course ! C’est une voiture de tourisme. Légèrement supérieure à plusieurs de ses concurrentes mais une auto de tourisme quand même. La direction est précise, le freinage rassurant et la suspension…oh! un peu plus ferme que celle d’une Tesla! Mais ce n’est pas une Tesla! C’est une Mustang comme me l’a fait remarquer un de mes amis lui-même proprio d’un coupé GT d’il y a quelques années! J’aimerais bien l’utiliser pour un petit voyage au Maine, à Ogunquit plus précisément. Mais elle ne s’y rendra pas (quelque 530 km). Ou encore chez mon fils en Abitibi…mais encore une fois (quelque 560 km). Il me faudrait attendre un petit bout de temps en cours de route pour «recharger» les batteries, du moins en partie. Mais je suis persuadé qu’un jour, ça se fera! Agréable à conduire? Certainement! Avec le temps, les consommateurs, les «vrais» acheteurs de Mustang Mach E vous le diront! Oh! La réponse? Oui, c’est une vraie Mustang! Ce sera aux nouveaux acheteurs de s’y habituer! Pensez-vous qu’un jour, la Mach E aura des concurrentes comme une Camaro E ou une Challenger E? J’ai l’impression que oui. La concurrence ne laissera pas Ford s’envoler avec tous les hommages!

J’ai fait deux petits «voyages» avec la Mach E, de Laval à Rawdon et de Laval à Saint-Hyacinthe. Pour les deux, je me suis mis à calculer mes déplacements pour savoir combien de «courant» j’allais utiliser pour ces deux trajets. Je suis donc toujours prisonnier de cette crainte de l’autonomie. Un jour, il devrait y avoir non seulement des stations de recharge un peu partout mais aussi des batteries capables d’une autonomie de près de 1000 km. Ce jour-là, je ne serai plus seul à apprécier une Mach E! Et je me serai certainement débarrasser de cette «peur de la panne sèche»…

La conduite en hiver? C’est une traction intégrale, une AWD! Mettez-lui les pneus d’hiver appropriés et vous verrez. Peut-être que les batteries perdront un peu d’efficacité. Mais on verra bien comment les constructeurs feront face à ce problème…si problème il y a!

Je ne pourrais vous dire quelle aura été la «consommation» de la Mach E. Je devrai bientôt me convertir au mode «électrique» pour pouvoir en parler en toute confiance et utiliser le jargon qui s’applique à ce monde technique. J’ai beaucoup à apprendre à ce sujet…tout comme les amateurs de voitures à combustion interne de la «vieille école». Selon le document de Ford, il serait question ici de 2,6 Le/100 km (pour tout ce que cela veuille bien dire!) Toutefois, il n’y a pas à s’en sortir. L’auto électrique est là! Et les versions «amusantes à conduire» sont là. La Mustang Mach E 4 X en est la preuve. Parole de mordu de voitures de performance à essence!

Ah oui! Le prix. Une Mustang Mach-E Premium AWD débute à 62 245 $. L’option de la batterie de longue durée ajoute 7000 $ à la facture, la peinture blanc astral à trois couches 800 $, l’ensemble de protection intérieure 350 $ et la toujours aussi ridicule taxe d’accise fédérale pour le climatiseur de 100 $ (elle devrait couvrir l’essence supplémentaire nécessitée par le moteur pour actionner le compresseur, maintenant électrique!) et les 1900 $ de frais de transport et préparation pour un total de 72 395 $.

J’espère pouvoir mettre éventuellement la main sur la version GT de haute performance à venir. Disons que ça promet…

Le nouveau VUS Sportage de Kia

Dans quelques semaines, le constructeur sud-coréen Kia dévoilera au grand public une toute nouvelle génération de VUS compact Sportage. C’en sera la cinquième génération! Mais ce sera surtout un véhicule aux lignes spectaculaires. À surveiller.

(Photo Kia)

Le Lexus NX révisé

Aussi, au cours des prochaines semaines, le constructeur japonais Toyota débutera la commercialisation de son VUS compact Lexus NX révisé. Le véhicule affichera plusieurs innovations mais retenons surtout l’abandon de cet incompréhensible système d’infodivertissement géré par un «pad» tactile peu apprivoisable à la console pour un système plus «conventionnel» d’écran tactile! Pour une fois que Toyota «écoute» les journalistes et chroniqueurs!

(Photo Lexus)

La fin d’une époque!

Enfin, «on» est à détruire l’ancienne usine Cadillac d’estampillage de pièces de carrosserie qui restait sous forme d’épave à Detroit. Un nouveau complexe industriel devrait la remplacer aussitôt qu’elle sera rasée. Mais en vérité, c’est un peu dommage. Cette usine abandonnée conçue par le légendaire architecte industriel de l’époque, Albert Kahn, pour Hudson Motor Co en 1925, aurait pu être transformée pour des besoins plus modernes! Comme ce fut fait pour la gare Union maintenant en restauration…

(photo Detroit Free Press).

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burnouthq · 3 years

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mods vocês poderiam dar sugestão de carros?

+ Anônimo enviou uma ask: Mods, peloamor eu não sei nome de carro nenhum KKKK Tem recomendações aí? + Anônimo enviou uma ask: Mods amei o plot mas manjo zero de carro... podem dar umas sugestões de carrinhos bom de corrida pra ficha?

Não se aflijam, cinzinhas! Aqui vai uma lista maneira pra tentar ajudar vocês, vou dividir por preço.

1. ‘’Que roubo é esse??’’ Os caros da galera riquinha, são premium e esportivos. Correm muito rápido mesmo sem terem sofrido nenhuma adaptação. Segue: Mustang Shelby GT500, McLaren Speedtail 2021 (ou o 720S 2020 ou o Senna que eu particularmente acho mais bonito), Lamborghini Aventador SVJ, Ford GT 2020, Ferrari 812 Superfast 2020.

2. ‘’Ah, talvez dê pra comprar!’’ São os carros médios, não são premium e nem tão caros quanto os anteriores, mas ainda sim carinhos. Segue: Volkswagen Jetta GLi (ou o R-Line 250 TSI), Chevrolet Cruze, Citroën C4 Lounge, Toyota Corolla Flex, Caoa Chery Arrizo6, Ford Focus Fastback.

3. ‘’Que pechincha!’’ Carros clássicos, baratos e cheios de charme, esses aqui devem ser muito turbinados caso você queira correr com eles, mas nada impede que sejam usados. Segue: Volkswagen Fusca (alô, lindsay lohan), Chevrolet Chevette, Ford Escort, Fiat 147, Ford Corcel.

Se você não fizer parte de uma das equipes, não precisa se preocupar com qual tipo de locomoção vai utilizar, serve até o famoso táxi! Lembrem também que os carros são passíveis de mudança, o corredor pode o adaptar e melhorar. Existe também o fato de que apostas são coisas muito comuns nesse ambiente, então seu char pode ter ganho o carro em alguma racha onde o perdedor daria o carro pro outro... Existem várias opções, se alguém ainda precisar de ajuda depois disso pode nos chamar na dm da central que vamos ajudar com prazer!

#mod mcqueen.

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emprestimofacilonline · 3 years

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Os carros mais baratos de 2021

A cada ano, gosto de pesquisar e publicar um ranking dos carros novos mais baratos e mais vendidos no mercado . Este artigo classifica os 10 carros novos mais baratos de 2021, por preço (MSRP, mas também incluí o preço da fatura de fábrica). Se você está no mercado para comprar, eu também recomendo precificar os mesmos modelos do ano modelo anterior, quando disponível, para comparação. Com os revendedores querendo se livrar do estoque do ano passado e mudar o foco para os modelos de 2021, há potencial para encontrar um bom negócio em modelos de anos anteriores. Na maioria dos casos, eles são exatamente o mesmo carro, com ajustes mínimos. Fiz esforços para limitar o uso do meu veículo, mas ainda sou um pouco dependente de um e sei que muitos outros aqui também estão. Como consumidor de veículos, é interessante ver o que é tendência no mercado automotivo e quais custos e eficiência de combustível foram obtidos. É importante saber o que procurar agora (em circunstâncias limitadas) ou mais adiante. Dito isso, é importante notar que esta lista dos carros novos mais baratos não é um endosso para que todos saiam e comprem um carro novo. Quando se trata de otimizar suas finanças, a propriedade de um veículo tem algumas regras que eu sugiro que os leitores considerem: - Se puder, opte por transporte público, bicicleta, caminhada e carona em vez de dirigir. Comece com uma execução de teste e veja se você pode progredir a partir daí. - Se você tem uma residência com 2 veículos, é possível mudar de 2 veículos para 1? I passou de 2 carros e 1 oito anos atrás e ele me salvou um monte de dinheiro. - Obtenha o máximo de quilometragem possível fora do seu veículo, mantendo-o adequadamente, até que o custo da manutenção supere claramente os benefícios de custo de mantê-lo. Hoje em dia, os veículos novos podem passar mais de 15 anos com manutenção regular e meu objetivo pessoal é passar de mais de 10 anos, no mínimo. - Se você precisa de um veículo, sempre faça pesquisas de mercado e negocie o melhor negócio. Não acredito no lema “compre sempre usados”. Com os incentivos adequados, um carro novo pode, na verdade, ser uma opção de custo total mais barata, especialmente com o mercado de carros usados sendo superfaturado há muitos anos. Faça sua lição de casa para encontrar a opção mais econômica para você. Quando for procurar os carros novos mais baratos, há muito mais para encontrar o carro mais acessível do que apenas olhar para o preço de etiqueta. Por conveniência, concentrei-me em: - O modelo básico de transmissão automática, sem opções adicionais. Alguns desses veículos não têm opção de transmissão manual. E se o fizerem, pode ser difícil encontrar e vender. Se você conseguir encontrar e dirigir um manual, poderá economizar cerca de $ 800 $ 1.200 em comparação com os preços destacados neste artigo. - Preço de varejo sugerido pelo fabricante (MSRP). Pode haver créditos, descontos ou outros incentivos disponíveis para cada modelo a qualquer momento. E você nunca deve pagar MSRP, como parte de uma estratégia eficaz de negociação de um novo carro . Foram 47 veículos novos e redesenhados no ano passado, mas apenas 29 este ano. Semelhante à entrada do Hyundai Venue no ano passado, apenas 1 veículo novo fez esta lista de carros novos mais baratos, e também é um SUV subcompacto - o Chevy Trailblazer. Foi classificado como o 8º veículo novo mais barato em 2021. A tendência dos últimos 2 anos dá uma ideia de para onde o mercado está se encaminhando com novos modelos de veículos baratos. Olhando para uma tendência mais ampla, um grande número de veículos compactos e subcompactos mais baratos teve a produção encerrada recentemente, em favor de mais desenvolvimento em caminhões e SUVs: - Chrysler: 100 - Dodge: Dart - GM: Chevy Volt, Chevy Cruze, Chevy Sonic - Fiat: 500 - Ford: Fiesta, Focus Sedan (a escotilha continuará viva), Fusion - Honda: CRZ, Fit - Nissan: Juke, Rogue - Inteligente: ForTwo - Toyota: Prius C, Yaris - VW: Besouro, Touareg Não é um bom sinal para o futuro para quem gosta de carros muito baratos. O Chevy Trailblazer e o Hyundai Venue do ano passado são novos e empolgantes participantes dessa lista. E Spark, Soul e Mirage ainda são retornados o valor em seus níveis de preço. Sem mais delongas, aqui estão os 10 carros novos mais baratos de 2021. Qual desses você escolheria se fosse comprar um carro novo? 10 Nissan Kicks. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Nissan Kicks S, Hatchback de 4 portas - MSRP: $ 20.165 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 19.478 - Especificações do motor: 1.6L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 122 hp - City MPG: 31 - Rodovia MPG: 36 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 1.000 - Garantia do trem de força: 5 anos ou 60.000 milhas - Garantia básica limitada: 3 anos ou 36.000 milhas - Visão geral: o Nissan Kicks me lembra muito um carro que já tive - o Pontiac Vibe / Toyota Matrix. É um pouco menor, mas ainda é um modelo hatchback bonito, com eficiência de combustível sólido. 9. Kia Soul. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Kia Soul LX IVT - MSRP: $ 20.110 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 19.446 - Especificações do motor: 2.0L, Transmissão Variável Inteligente (IVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 147 HP - City MPG: 28 - Rodovia MPG: 33 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 1.100 - Garantia do trem de força: 10 anos, 100.000 milhas para o proprietário original, 5 anos / 60.000 para os proprietários subsequentes - Garantia básica limitada: 5 anos, 60.000 milhas - Visão geral: O Kia Soul ainda é uma oferta sólida para seu tamanho neste nível de preço. No entanto, está muito perto de ser o mesmo veículo desde seu lançamento há 13 anos, com apenas pequenas atualizações de estilo e motor. Seria bom ver mais desenvolvimentos nessas áreas. 8. Chevy Trailblazer. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Chevy Trailblazer L - MSRP: $ 19.995 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 19.976 - Especificações do motor: 1.2L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 12 válvulas, 3 cilindros, 137 hp - City MPG: 28 - Rodovia MPG: 31 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 1.100 - Garantia do trem de força: 5 anos, 60.000 milhas - Garantia básica limitada: 3 anos, 36.000 milhas - Visão geral: O Chevy Trailblazer é um novo participante emocionante para 2021 e promete grande valor. Junto com boa aparência e recursos modernos, oferece 54,4 pés cúbicos de espaço de carga máximo, que é maior do que o Chevy Trax mais caro (48,4 pés cúbicos). A eficiência de combustível é um pouco menor do que você esperaria de um CVT de 3 cilindros de 1.2L, como uma desvantagem. 7. Centro Hyundai. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Hyundai Venue SE, Hatchback de 4 portas - MSRP: $ 19.925 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 19.395 - Especificações do motor: 1.6L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 121 hp - Cidade MPG: 30 - Rodovia MPG: 33 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 1.050 - Garantia do trem de força: 10 anos ou 100.000 milhas para os proprietários originais, 5 anos / 60.000 para os proprietários subsequentes - Garantia básica limitada: 5 anos ou 60.000 milhas - Visão geral: Um novo modelo para a linha Hyundai no ano passado, com muitas semelhanças com seu modelo irmão, o Kia Soul. O Venue tem uma aparência mais esportiva do que o Soul e é um pouco mais barato. Ele também recebe classificações sólidas de seus usuários. 6. Kia Forte. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Kia Forte FE IVT - MSRP: $ 19.755 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 19.098 - Especificações do motor: 2.0L, Transmissão Variável Inteligente (IVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 147 HP - City MPG: 31 - Rodovia MPG: 35 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 950 - Garantia do trem de força: 10 anos, 100.000 milhas para o proprietário original, 5 anos / 60.000 para os proprietários subsequentes - Garantia básica limitada: 5 anos, 60.000 milhas - Visão geral: o Forte é um carro totalmente sólido com boa eficiência de combustível, uma ótima garantia e fortes avaliações dos usuários. 5. Nissan Versa. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Nissan Versa S, Sedan de 4 portas - MSRP: $ 17.425 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 17.108 - Especificações do motor: 1.6L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 122 hp - City MPG: 32 - Rodovia MPG: 40 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 950 - Garantia do trem de força: 5 anos ou 60.000 milhas - Garantia básica limitada: 3 anos ou 36.000 milhas - Visão geral: O Nissan Versa foi atualizado no ano passado e agora se parece muito com o velho Honda Civic. Ele oferece excelente eficiência de combustível em 32 cidades e 40 rodovias MPG. 4. Sotaque Hyundai. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Hyundai Accent SE, Sedan de 4 portas - MSRP: $ 17.490 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 17.075 - Especificações do motor: 1.6L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 120 hp - City MPG: 33 - Rodovia MPG: 41 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 900 - Garantia do trem de força: 10 anos, 100.000 milhas para o proprietário original, 5 anos / 60.000 para os proprietários subsequentes - Garantia básica limitada: 5 anos, 60.000 milhas - Visão geral: excelente eficiência de combustível, garantia forte e bom valor. 3. Kia Rio. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Kia Rio LX, Sedan de 4 portas - MSRP: $ 17.015 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 16.541 - Especificações do motor: 1.6L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 120 hp - City MPG: 33 - Rodovia MPG: 41 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 900 - Garantia do trem de força: 10 anos, 100.000 milhas para o proprietário original, 5 anos / 60.000 para os proprietários subsequentes - Garantia básica limitada: 5 anos, 60.000 milhas - Visão geral: um modelo irmão do Hyundai Accent, com quase tudo idêntico. Eficiência de combustível, garantia e preços fortes, se você conseguir superar o estilo simples. 2. Mitsubishi Mirage. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Mitsubishi Mirage ES, Hatchback de 4 portas - MSRP: $ 16.590 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 16.249 - Especificações do motor: 1.2L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 12 válvulas, 3 cilindros, 78 hp - City MPG: 36 - Rodovia MPG: 43 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 850 - Garantia do trem de força: 10 anos ou 100.000 milhas para os proprietários originais, 5 anos / 60.000 para os proprietários subsequentes - Garantia básica limitada: 5 anos ou 60.000 milhas - Visão geral: o Mirage possui um motor de 3 cilindros, proporcionando excelente economia de combustível. Também tem uma excelente garantia e um ótimo preço. Mas, tem a reputação de não ter a maior qualidade, por parte dos proprietários. 1. Chevy Spark. - Modelo básico de transmissão automática: Chevy Spark LS, Hatchback de 4 portas - MSRP: $ 15.495 - Preço da fatura de fábrica: $ 15.040 - Especificações do motor : 1.4L, transmissão automática continuamente variável (CVT), 16 válvulas, 4 cilindros, 98 hp - Cidade MPG: 30 - Rodovia MPG: 38 - Custo anual de combustível: $ 1.000 - Garantia do trem de força: 5 anos ou 60.000 milhas - Garantia básica limitada: 3 anos ou 36.000 milhas - Visão geral: O Chevy Spark, de forma um tanto surpreendente, mantém a posição # 1 como o carro novo mais barato de 2021. Havia rumores de que a produção do Spark terminaria no ano passado, já que a Chevy cortou grande parte de sua linha de carros, mas agora o Spark está previsto para ficar pelo menos até 2022. Gostou da dica? Compartilhe! Read the full article

#Automóvel #Carros

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