#2019 economic science nobel prize

[rockatanskette]

You know what? Fuck it.

Girl Dinner

Carme Ruscalleda i Serra, who holds seven Michelin stars across her three restaurants in Catalonia and Japan, known for bringing traditional Catalan cuisine to an international audience.

Mashama Bailey, winner of the 2022 James Beard Award for Outstanding Chef and Chairwoman of the Edna Lewis Foundation, which preserves and celebrates the history of African-American cookery.

Zineb "Zizi" Hattab, the first vegan chef in Switzerland to be awarded a Michelin star for her restaurant KLE in Zurich; her cooking is noted for its intense flavors and complex balanced dishes in a casual setup.

Girl Math

Maryam Mirzakhani, who won the Fields Medal (the most prestigious award in mathematics) in 2014 for her work on the dynamics and geometry of Riemann surfaces.

Hee Oh, Vice President of the American Mathematical Society, who has worked extensively on counting and equidistribution for Apollonian circle packings, Sierpinski carpets and Schottky dances.

Svetlana Jitomirskaya, who co-solved the Ten Martini Problem in 2019 and won the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics in 2020.

Girl Economics

Esther Duflo, co-founder of the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab at MIT, professor of Poverty Alleviation and Development Economics, and co-recipient of the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.

Mariana Mazzucato, chair of the World Health Organization's Council on the Economics of Health for All and member of the United Nations' High-Level Advisory Board on Economic and Social Affairs.

Gita Gopinath, deputy managing director of the International Monetary Fund, awarded the Pravasi Bharatiya Samman award in 2019 for her work as an economics academic.

Girls* are fucking rad actually. Pay them the respect they're due.

*This statement enthusiastically includes trans girls and women. Bigots kindly fuck off.

[freeworldallahexecutivembaclass]

50 Cent executive MBA Class Omari Hardwick style class it's a style and look GQ man of the year and time magazine man of the year New York City man of the year and America's man of the year Allen Henry aka Free World 🌎 2019 , 2020 , 2021 , 2022 and again 2023 and did I mention I won the Nobel memorial prizes twice 2019 and 2021 for economic sciences and the Nobel peace prize 🏆 with good company like Martin Luther King JR he won his back then I won it a couple years ago and I'm still living and yeah Martin Luther King Jr is my role model he has a class of excellence politics and style about him that I love I champion MLK they don't give him enough props

50 Cent executive MBA Class Omari Hardwick style class it's a style and look

Suits and ties

The town go back to 50 Cent and I get a piece of the action ( New York City ) As an MBA conducting my business in New York the 16th captain and current captain of New York City I made NY Yankees history , thank you .

And I'm going for riverside drive

The new ferry Sports centurion museum and factories for manufacturing and production .

And I'll take Manhattan at least the great parts of it to conduct business as a mover and shaker And Queens business centers .

Then I also am going global with my business and music and betterment movement .

In return I draw up politics to fix up the Bronx , Brooklyn , Harlem , Staten Island and Queens

Politics - ✓Living wages minimum wage increase and tax cuts ✓Job safety and secure in occupation act ✓Fair chance act to compete for jobs ✓Increased employment opportunities in New York City for the formerly incarcerated and full time and permanent employment for people on human resources administration public assistance Into full stable employment with union protection securing their job and future .

New York City accomplishments

I got hotels for the homeless in New York City 2021

I got Amazon workers their union contract

I got Starbucks workers their union contract

I got the minimum wage increased from $ 11 dollars an hour to $ 15 dollars to $ 17 dollars an hour

I got the fair chance to compete for a job act of 2019 in New York City and California hopefully other cities and countries are going to follow suit

I legalized marijuana in New York City

I cleaned up fox square in Brooklyn , NY

Free college education in New York City

Free gym membership for people on Medicare

Citi bikes for New Yorkers

Benefit monetary assistance increase for snap and cash assistance recipients

Rikers Island tablet program podcasts and video games for inmates in jail to help stop crime violent crime in prison and to help rehabilitate the guy or woman and stop the back and forth of them going to jail . The tablet have podcasts and programs for Job Search legal research and books to read to help them become better citizens in the free society .

Laws I'm proposing

Job Safety and secure act - 2022

Fair banking act - 2022

Retirement investment plan for employees IRA act - 2022

Ready , willing and able Expansive territory act - 2023

Riverside drive Expansion project act - 2023

The new ferry from New Jersey to New York City - 2023

School sports culture expansion Act Copperas Cove , Texas

Rikers Island schooling expansion act Added on Basic education classes on Rikers Island on the tablet , college programs on the program , online school on the Tablet . -2023

NYCHA ( New York City Housing projects ) plans and ideas for improvement

The New Trench town rock - 2021 , 2022 , 2023

And many other pitches and proposals rebuilding the workforce , wages and structure of New York city and cities like New York .

Next order of business : My Plans for infrastructure in a utopian society hotels jobs pay raise on citizens paycheck from 15 $ - 17 $ dollars minimum wage pay to 19$ dollars to 20$ dollars an hour to better provide for all costs emergencies uncovered insurance payments due to partial health care coverage and full union membership granted to employees of any company free education grants and school loans payment plans

Pay raise for school teachers in every city at junior high school , high school and elementary school level since they are stewards of our children's future .

Pay raise for civil service workers and Civil service exams made and updated daily to the public , school crossing guards , correction officers , supervisors , probation officers , construction site supervisors .

Pay raise for day care workers

Free day care services for temporarily unemployed mothers and fathers

Pay raise for city fire fighters and police officers .

Job contractors fulfilling contracts with back to work public assistance programs that train and employ job candidates without their high school diploma or GED and granting them full employment with full medical and medicare coverage union membership and back to school Acces Vocational rehabilitation counseling and restoration of financial aid assistance for non violent crimes like drug sellers and abusers to stop recidivism to prison and to cure an addiction to a habit of committing perpetual crimes thus creating repeat offenders .

Jobs moving back to inner cities through the effort of study and research groups from urban planning courses from their neighboring colleges .

Tax abatement and financial incentives and business incentives and tax breaks .

Joe Biden and vice president Kamala Harris should include this law into all of their plan for cleaning up America I'm glad to see it go beyond New York City and other counties in New York I want to share this honor with author Michelle Alexander who I did my research from her book about mass incarceration of the black and Latino community and the political office and my friends that help put this law in place I reached out to hopefully stop the recidivism to prison and hopefully to help some of my friends and people that go back and forth to jail because they couldn't get a job due to the felonies on their record I recommend a certificate of relief of disabilities to all people returning to society if they haven't given you one go get it from your county's or borough courthouse it works wonders .

Next order of business : Tax cuts to help the everyday person keep more of their check in their pockets cut the tax rates in New York City by 4 percent I see it as New York State taxes % 8.82 to % 4 percent and business tax cuts to create more jobs Proposal For a Wage increase of $ 22 dollars an hour Including : Fire safety directors Security guards Librarians Fed Ex workers UPS workers Ready Willing and able with free vocational grants from access vr programs they should hire vocational rehabilitation counselors and job developers finding permanent housing and permanent job placement after the clients training Stock Clerks and cashier's at major stores like Gristedes , C Town , met foods , Burlington coat factory wage increase for all warehousing and factory workers jack pallet and forklift training for people with no experience and a starting salary at $ 17 - 19 $ dollars an hour and it increase with more time on the job how about the first year at that base salary of $ 17 - 19 $ dollars and on the even of that year the employee gets an raise of $ 2 dollars more on their check and other financial incentives as cash allocation from their check for newly place employee mutual fund packages besides with other benefits that said company is offering this helps to place that company on the stock market grant their employees preferred stock options from their company that they work for at that current moment and because of the huge huge employee buy in it is like the employers are investing in their employees and their stores and company .

Educational requirements for jobs posted is less than a high school diploma but the job candidate has to be in a vocational program or GED preparation course half or full time hours .

Civil service jobs and exams posted weekly .

Sales professional salary plus commission on sales and stock options for mutual funds packages as bonuses with an wage increase to $ 19 dollars to $ 21 dollars an hour .

Newly added benefits to a job description benefits an employer on jobs posted give to their employees an employer get to hold back cash or take money out of an employees check to put towards a mutual funds stock fund option to help that client make more money as a second job the municipals funds and stock and funds and stock and then you gotta get hedge funds option packaged in to help the employees money make more money for them talk about overtime whew and at the same time that local market and store owner can put his company on the stock market and give out public shares thus in the end making it a good investment a regular place of shopping in a family like environment it is like getting to know your deli clerk , butcher , bakery attendant again only this time you are making money with the people you are spending money with Think about it that in turns build better communities better stores customer relationships safer neighborhoods and the beautifying of economically depressed environments more money for your kids college tuition school supplies newer roads being built leading to and from better neighborhoods and businesses and this is a future that we all as fellow New Yorkers can build together .

New Infrastructure plans

Widening sidewalks for more bikes and outdoor cafes - for the Harlem and Brooklyn New York City's 🏙️🌆 all over the world .

Reducing CO2 emissions

Clean up riverbank and riverside and create stores and entertainment on the water - using waste water management and sewage clean up and stopping illegal toxic poisons dumping in the water .

Repair tunnels , bridges and roads and rerouting towards businesses .

The waterside of any community is the gathering point for recreation .

Create projects to treat 100 % waste water and all illegal dumping and teach people how to care about their rivers - clean up the rivers and water in Brazil .

Conservation create more parks out of swamp lands did you know Central Park 🏞️ in New York City was once a swamp .

Emperor Dom Pedro abolished slavery in Brazil .

Brazil city inner city neighborhoods the slums a place of great fun and adventures - put in place street lamps , electricity , internet , sewage and running water .

Follow Tokyo model - Cleanliness of streets and cleanliness of public transportation , extensive railroads , largest economy , rich soil .

Japan leads in global transition to automation , electric cars and humanoids robots .

Create programmed robots as student tutors with programmed subjects in library centers in group discussion rooms .

Own Hydrogen stations like it is a gas station ⛽

Tokyo is a technology super power of inventions .

Research Tokyo bay aqueduct deal traffic eased and congestion eased by 11 billion dollars mega project that was 1/3 bridges and 2/3 tunnels created out of dry lands .

Japan runs on a seafood diet Urban rail network 40 million train riders a day everyday .

Former trash lands being converted to parks and will even host the Olympics .

Need trucks that drive by each community that sprays an air borne vaccine to help people's well being and longevity of their lives , cutting nicotine habits and controls appetite .

London and New York command center for global economy .

Hydrogen powered vehicles hydrogen oxygen electricity water .

Tokyo most advanced major city with automation and robots that help people regardless of age and nationality .

Need robots that teach Feng shu , tai chi , Kung Fu , Robot doctors , nurses for mental health and surgeons .

Running water and water pumps for Mexico city tap water for each house in Mexico city 🏙️ .

Funding for water fixes .

Study Croton aqueduct - water distribution system cures housing areas with poor sanitation and no running water also cures poor hygiene practices .

Women suffrage and worker's rights in those countries are important .

Water for Bangledash ( Dhaka ) water distribution systems water pumps and clean running water so that the people can cook clean and drink safe healthy water while also having water to wash their clothes

Cleaning the garbage islands in River bank estimated $ 10 - $ 20 million dollar job of cleaning up Riverside drive water from that stink smell and the debris and garbage Bottles

Straws

Plastic bags Pipes

Bandages

Toys

Pollution

And I propose The City of New York build the new ferry Riverboat for harbor crossing to New Jersey be placed on Riverside Drive it Save commuters time and money on transportation from and to New York City creation of Job opportunities , New architecture of communities in New York city restoration of environmentally depressed neighbors like the Grand Concourse neighborhood in the Bronx , New York City thus bringing more jobs to that neighborhood and creating economic vitality for all New Yorkers . New electric trains and platforms on the outside train on 149th street on Grand Concourse in Bronx , New York City .

Pimp my ride TV Show Car dealership on river bank

Environmental impact report : Production and manufacturing factories on Riverbank Harlem Riverside drive bring if not millions of Jobs back to New Yorkers but definitely thousands of jobs back to the city of New York Car museum

ESPN sports center Sports centurion museum celebrating 100 years and better of sports museum with pictures and memorabilia from baseball ⚾ 🏀 , basketball , soccer ⚽ , cricket , rugby , 🏈 football , NASCAR car racing , 🐴 Horse racing And maybe the Olympics on Riverbank Factory and car lot on Riverside Drive in Harlem

New York City Factory : Products in manufacturing ( making the products ) Warehouse 1_ Post cereal Honey bunches of oats , Kelloggs corn flakes cereal Warehouse 2_ Car manufacturing Car parts Warehouse 3_ Bread factory Warehouse 4_ Electronics appliances factory Warehouse 5_ Boat 🚢 manufacturing facility Warehouse 6_ 👟 Sneaker factory

Warehouse 7_ Railroad train track factory

This is for young mothers without any help in the house feed your babies good food 🥝 so they grow up and play sports and make their mom proud 🪴. It is never too late for your education learn with your kids use free daycare services and self learn any skills you need to increase your value in the employment market .

[ahz-associates]

Top 4 University Rankings in London, UK!

London, the capital of England, is also its biggest city. As a result, London is regarded as the intellectual hub and center of education in the globe. Over 110,000 international students choose to study in London City each year, offering a wide range of possibilities for their studies. The city has roughly 18 university rankings. But proceed with caution—the city is not the most economical choice. Given that the average annual tuition is approximately £15,000, many students may not initially choose London.

The international reputation of London's universities is based on their inventive study methods, active research, and bright future. Numerous famous people from the entertainment, scientific, political, and other domains have graduated from a London-based university. London's unparalleled environment and diversity have made it the premier academic destination that it is today.

If you're searching for a flexible course that you can fit around a work or a transdisciplinary program, London has it all. London is proud of its graduates, with earnings per graduate higher than those of any other European university. To assist you in determining whether you choose to pursue your academic career in London, the following list of the top four universities in the London in 2024:

1. London's Imperial College

Imperial College London is the first school on our list. Imperial is a university devoted to engineering, research, business, and medicine. Afterwards, placing seventh in the QS World University Rankings for 2024. Imperial is a well regarded academic institution because it delivers an inquiry-based education that addresses real-world problems without providing simple answers. Imperial's headquarters are in South Kensington, London's "Albertopolis" neighborhood.

This is the intersection between art and science. Consequently, several internationally renowned cultural institutions, including Natural History Museums, the Royal College of Art and Music, and the Royal Albert Hall, where all students graduate, are located within Imperial's neighborhoods. Student involvement in a community of top researchers is one of the most unique aspects of imperial education. The greatest things about Imperial are its innovative research and powerful personality.

They emphasize how their research may be used in real-world settings, particularly to address global issues, and how strong multidisciplinary cooperation is the basis for the efficacy of their analysis. Among the most international universities in the world is Imperial. Over 140 nations are represented on campuses, and non-UK nationals made up 59% of the student body in the 2019–20 academic year. However, much like students, university staff members come from a variety of cultural backgrounds, nations, and life experiences.

2. University College London (UCL)

Let's move on to the second: UCL is a diverse institution that embraces challenge, inquiry, and alternative thought. Its community pushes limits, pursues academic greatness, and makes a constructive difference in real-world problems. UCL has an outstanding academic reputation; in 2024, the QS World University Rankings placed it eighth. Thirty of the former students and collaborators were Nobel laureates, indicating that roughly one Nobel prize has been awarded every ten years since the awards' inception.

In a nutshell, the core of UCL's goal is research. UCL is ranked as the Best University in the United Kingdom by the most current Research Excellence Framework (REF 2014), which acknowledges the university's outstanding research. The institute encourages the community to collaborate outside traditional professional lines by providing over 675 graduate education, research, and early teacher training programs in a variety of fields. UCL primarily employs research-based teaching as a method to enable students to make distinctive contributions.

UCL's location is advantageous because it's in one of the world's most vibrant cities! It was the first university in the UK to admit students from all social and religious backgrounds, as well as the first to admit women for undergraduate study. 18,000 of UCL's international students are from over 150 countries, providing a truly worldwide perspective. UCL is among the top 20 in the QS Graduate Employability Rankings for 2024.

3. London's Kings College

Thirdly, one of the oldest colleges in the United Kingdom and one of the top 50 universities in the world, King's College London is ranked 37 in the QS University World Rankings 2024. Over 27,600 students and roughly 6,800 staff members from about 150 nations around the world attend the institute. King's is well known for its top-notch research and teaching. According to the most recent Research Excellence Framework (REF), King's was placed sixth nationwide in terms of power. This demonstrated the excellent caliber of academic research activity.

Additionally, King's was placed seventh in the Times Higher Quality Education Rankings by REF. Furthermore, King's research has received ratings of 84% "world-leading" or "internationally excellent." With total yearly revenue of nearly £684m, the university is among the top seven research-generating universities in the United Kingdom. In the social sciences, forensics, and humanities, King's is well-known. From the discovery of the DNA structure to the research that resulted in the creation of radio, television, mobile phones, and radar, it has been essential to many of the technological advancements that have defined modern life.

4. The London School of Political Science and Economics (LSE)

In a top-notch setting, the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) provides a top-notch social sciences curriculum. In addition to enjoying top-notch academics at one of the best universities in the world, students can also take advantage of a vibrant social and cultural scene right in the center of London. LSE has a fun leisure center that draws together a diverse group of students from throughout the world. The institution is a true eruption of innovative research and intellectual activities. Out of all UK universities, LSE boasts the most percentage of world-class research, according to the most recent National Research Excellence Framework (REF).

With a focus on social sciences methods, LSE teaching presents a unique angle on traditional areas. Consequently, people frequently seek out the excellent growth and knowledge provided by LSE Scholars. More than 140 graduate teaching and research programs are available at the university, along with 40 undergraduate programs.

With its central London location, LSE offers students a unique living and learning environment in one of the world's most well-known international capitals. LSE is a significant milestone for global discussions because of its proximity to Europe's financial, legal, and cultural hubs. Maintaining LSE's standing as an inclusive institution that actively engages in both domestic and international affairs is imperative.

With students enrolling from over 140 countries annually, LSE boasts one of the most varied student communities in the world. LSE offers an unparalleled academic experience that is brimming with intellectual discovery. Remember that alumni of the LSE go on to work for multinational corporations all around the world? LSE is also proud to have one of the best public events programs in the world. At the LSE, speakers from various socioeconomic backgrounds join together to give public speeches. Helen Clark, George Soros, Amartya Sen, Bill Clinton, and Bill Gates are a few of the most notable names.

The Final Word

Some of the most prominent universities in the world are located in London; according to the QS World University Rankings 2024, Imperial College London and UCL are ranked seventh and eighth, respectively. London therefore offers a plethora of top-notch universities for you to choose from, whether you choose to major in the humanities, arts, or medical. This indicates that you can benefit greatly from even four universities. Just think about how different the other ones are.

It's time to put your differences behind you and begin searching for and enrolling in your preferred London courses! For comprehensive support with your London University enrollment program, get in touch with our experts. They will offer career counseling and walk you through every stage of the process. Wishing you luck!

[gravitascivics]

WHAT SOCIAL SCIENTISTS CAN OFFER

In the last posting, this blog reviewed the general shortcomings of the social sciences, as an information source.  But it also pointed out that they are better at providing needed information and analysis than most other sources.[1]  To make that report, the blog focused on economics and the work of the Nobel prize winners, Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflo.[2]  This posting wants to focus on how the social sciences, as exemplified by economics, can be more amenable to federalist governance and politics – as promoted in this blog.

          To do that, this posting will share with readers two quotes from these economists’ book, Good Economics for Hard Times.  The first quote is:

It is important that this project [to establish a dialogue with the general public that] we be guided by an expansive notion of what human beings want and what constitutes the good life.  Economists have a tendency to adopt a notion of well-being that is often too narrow, some version of income or material consumption.  And yet, all of us need much more than that to have a fulfilling life:  the respect of the community, the comforts of family and friends, dignity, lightness, pleasure.  The focus on income alone is not just a convenient shortcut.  It is distorting lens that often has led the smartest economists down the wrong path, policy makers to the wrong decisions, and all too many of us to wrong obsessions.[3]

Here, this blogger thinks, is a call for a more communal, as opposed to individualistic, mindset when considering what economists and social scientists in general should focus upon.  Of course, the more individual view – the one that prevails today – simply reflects the dominance of the natural rights view. 

This blog has dedicated a great deal of space to describe and explain this view, but in a few words, it promotes the claim that individuals have the right to do as they please as long as they do not prohibit others from the same rights.  One can readily see that with this basic belief, resulting study in economics will emphasize income, wealth, and securing material assets.  That is, what most economists highlight in their approach to the study of economics – as the quote indicates – and counters what Banerjee and Duflo are suggesting.

          This blog has also promoted a federalist view – the liberated federalism construct – and has argued that it should replace the natural rights view in guiding the development of civics curriculum in American schools.  In a few words, that would be a curriculum that establishes the fact that the nation’s governance is based on a compact – a sacred agreement that brings together its citizenry under the relationship of a partnership.  A meaningful step in that direction would be to adopt what these economists suggest for their discipline and, by implication, for all of the social sciences.

          And the other quote gives readers more substance to what Banerjee and Duflo suggest:

A better conversation must start by acknowledging the deep human desire for dignity and human contact, and to treat it not as a distraction, but as a better way to understand each other, and set ourselves free from what appear to be intractable oppositions.  Restoring human dignity to its central place … set off a profound rethinking of economic priorities and the ways in which societies care for their members, particularly when they are in need.[4]

Equally, if all the social sciences took this recommendation to heart, they would be a great deal more useful in reestablishing a federalist nation in thought, feeling, and action.

[1] Robert Gutierrez, “Should One Listen to Social Scientists?”, Gravitas:  A Voice for Civics, December 5, 2023, accessed December 8, 2023, URL:  https://gravitascivics.blogspot.com/.  Use the archives link.

[2] Abhijit V. Banerjee and Esther Duflo, Good Economics for Hard Times (New York, NY:  Public Affairs, 2019).

[3] Ibid., 8.

[4] Ibid., 8.

[epaulesdegeantes]

Le Prix de la Banque de Suède en sciences économiques en mémoire d'Alfred Nobel 2023 a été attribué à Claudia Goldin (1946). Découvrez cette chercheuse qui s’est penché sur l'emploi des femmes depuis le début du 19e siècle. Cela lui a permis de mieux comprendre les choix de carrière (ou non) des femmes.

Bibliographie :

Ses fiches wikipédia en français https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Goldin

et en anglais https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claudia_Goldin

Sa biographie sur le site de l’Université d’Harvard https://scholar.harvard.edu/goldin/biocv

Goldin, Claudia Dale and Romero, Jessica Sackett. "Interview : Claudia Goldin," in Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. "Fourth Quarter 2014, Volume 18, Number 4," Econ Focus (Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond) (Fourth Quarter 2014) : 26-30. https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/goldin/files/interviewcg.pdf

Popular information. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2023. Thu. 12 Oct 2023. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2023/popular-information/

Images :

Portrait de Claudia Goldin (25 mars 2019 par Editing1088) - CC By SA - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Goldin_Headshot.jpg

Détail d'un dessin figurant un atelier parisien de fabrication de masques de Carnaval extrait de Le Petit Parisien, supplément littéraire illustré du 14 février 1897 - Domaine Public - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atelier_parisien_de_fabrication_de_masques_1897.jpg

Carte du monde par San Jose (2006) vectorisée par Muellercrtp - CC By SA - https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:World_map_blank_gmt.svg

Autres illustrations créés à partir de d’illustrations de Storyset - licence Freepik - https://storyset.com/

[businessnewss]

Banking crisis breakthroughs win Nobel economics prize for Bernanke, Diamond, Dybvig

Banking crisis breakthroughs win Nobel economics prize for Bernanke, Diamond, Dybvig

© Reuters. FILE PHOTO: Former Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke speaks during a panel discussion at the American Economic Association/Allied Social Science Association (ASSA) 2019 meeting in Atlanta, Georgia, U.S., January 4, 2019. REUTERS/Christopher Aluka Ber By Simon Johnson and Johan Ahlander STOCKHOLM (Reuters) – A trio of U.S. economists including former Federal Reserve Chair Ben…

[sciencenewsforstudents]

A scientific approach to reducing poverty’s many harmful effects via field experiments in schools and other real-world settings has won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.

Economists Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo, both of MIT, and Michael Kremer of Harvard University will receive equal shares of the prize of 9 million Swedish kronor, equivalent to about $900,000.

Duflo is only the second woman ever to be awarded the economics Nobel. The first was Elinor Ostrom, who won in 2009 for studies of how people in small communities manage shared natural resources. Ostrom died in 2012. Duflo, who will turn 47 on October 25, is also the youngest recipient of the prize.

“Poverty has deep roots, and we use an experimental approach to examine particular aspects of this problem and determine what interventions work,” Duflo said over the phone on October 14 at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences news conference in Stockholm announcing the prize.

More than 700 million people globally live in extreme poverty. Half of the world’s children leave school without basic language or math skills. Roughly 5 million children under age 5 annually die from diseases that could have been prevented with inexpensive treatments.

The three laureates design and test interventions aimed at specific ways to alleviate poverty’s effects in education, health care and other areas. Such studies are especially important because policies intended to fight poverty can often backfire (SN: 3/4/19).

Development economics, a branch of economics founded in the 1960s that studies how emerging, poor nations grow into more prosperous nations, seemed unable to make any theoretical headway by the late 1980s, says economist Jörn-Steffen Pischke of the London School of Economics.

Then, “the three [2019] laureates transformed development economics from a field that was stagnant and unattractive for young talent into one of the most vibrant areas of economics today,” Pischke says. That transformation began in the mid-1990s, when Kremer led a team that tested a range of interventions aimed at improving learning among students attending schools in western Kenya.

Banerjee and Duflo, often with Kremer, then performed similar studies in other countries.

One important line of research developed “Teaching at the Right Level” programs, which enable teachers in low-income, developing nations to target instruction to students’ learning levels. Teachers in these programs learn ways to keep students from falling behind rather than forcing them through a one-size-fits-all curriculum for each grade.

A 2011 study led by Duflo, for instance, found that grade 1 test scores in a Kenyan school increased when teachers divided students into smaller classes based on their initial learning levels.

A string of studies in the same vein led by the 2019 laureates took randomized controlled trials and field experiments from outcast status to standard practice in development economics, says economist Tessa Bold of Stockholm University’s Institute for International Economic Studies.

Crucially, Bold says, those studies showed that the virtually unanswerable question “How can we fight global poverty?” could be broken into smaller, testable questions such as “Why do children not attend school?” and “Why do small-scale farmers not use technologies such as modern seeds and fertilizer that are known to be profitable?”

“The 2019 laureates’ research has had a huge impact on my own work,” Bold says.

[girlactionfigure]

Heart Doctor with Heart

He won the Nobel Peace Prize

Dr. Bernard Lown was a Jewish immigrant from Lithuania who invented the heart defibrillator, transforming the field of cardiology and saving countless lives. He was a passionate peace activist who won the Nobel Prize for co-founding Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War.

Born to an erudite Jewish family in Lithuania in 1921, Bernard and his father, a rabbi, emigrated to Maine soon after his bar mitzvah to escape Nazi persecution. He attended the University of Maine, where he earned a bachelor’s degree in zoology, and then went to medical school at Johns Hopkins. As someone who’d fled his country because of ethnic hatred, he was especially sensitive to racism, and caused controversy in medical school for inviting a black doctor to speak on public health issues in the African-American community. Bernard was briefly expelled from school for protesting the segregation of blood in the hospital’s blood bank.

After receiving his MD in 1945, Bernard married his cousin Louise Lown. Their marriage would last 73 years. He said, “When you ask about my heroes, clearly I have many – my wife Louise foremost.” In the 1950’s, Bernard became a physician and researcher at Harvard Medical School, specializing in cardiology. He also taught at the Harvard Chan School of Public Health, where he was among the first to emphasize the crucial role of nutrition in treating and preventing many illnesses including heart disease.

As a young cardiologist, Bernard’s mentor was Dr. Samuel Levine, who encouraged him to study the common practice of putting heart attack patients on bed rest for 4-6 weeks, which often led to pulmonary embolisms. In what became known as the “Levine Chair study,” Bernard found that having patients sit in a comfortable chair improved outcomes significantly. This simple discovery changed the standard of practice for heart patient care.

Bernard was determined to find a way to prevent the most common cause of death: cardiac arrest. After hearing about cases where patients were resuscitated with an AC electric shock, which was very dangerous, Bernard wanted to find a safer type of electric current. He worked with fellow Eastern European refugee Baruch Berkovitz, an electrical engineer, and after a year of intensive research, in 1961 Bernard developed a new defibrillator that used a DC current. It was so safe and effective that the DC defibrillator soon became the universally accepted treatment for cardiac arrest.

Bernard pioneered the use of the drug lidocaine to treat heart disorders. In 1965 at Brigham Hospital in Boston, Bernard  organized one of the first coronary care units focused on the prevention of heart rhythm disorders. He proved that continuous EKG monitoring and well-trained nurses could identify arrhythmias early and save lives. Bernard founded the Lown Cardiovascular Research Foundation in 1973 to promote heart health through research and global education.

His research had an extraordinary impact on the practice of clinical medicine around the world. “The physician is not a glorified repairman of a broken-down machine; being treated is a human being with a mind and a soul.” He listened to his patients and considered them his partners in healing. Bernard wrote many bestselling books including “The Lost Art of Healing” and “Practicing the Art While Mastering the Science.”

In addition to his enormous contributions to the medical field, Bernard was a lifelong peace activist. He founded Physicians for Social Responsibility in 1961 because “you cannot be committed to health without being engaged in social struggle for health.” As the Vietnam War ramped up, Bernard organized the Committee of Responsibility to Save War Burned and War Injured Children, and brought about 100 seriously injured Vietnamese children to the United States for medical treatment.

In 1980 Bernard and Soviet cardiologist Dr. Eugene Chazov co-founded International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War. Bernard said, “This was the greatest political issue of our time, because it didn’t just mean the death of an individual, but the death of multitudes. Why would doctors not get involved?” The doctors lobbied their countries for a moratorium on nuclear testing and building nuclear weapons, and held the first IPPNW World Congress, which attracted 80 medical leaders from twelve countries. In the next few years the group opened chapters in more than 60 countries and had over 200,000 physician members. For alerting people to the very real danger of nuclear war, IPPNW won the 1985 Nobel Peace Prize.

In his acceptance speech, “A Prescription for Hope,” Bernard said, “The ‘myth of the other,’ the stereotyping and demonizing of human beings beyond recognition, is still pervasive and now exacts inordinate economic, psychological and moral costs.” Incredibly, at the awards ceremony, a Russian journalist collapsed from cardiac arrest. Bernard and his Russian counterpart Dr. Chazov rushed to resuscitate the reporter and save his life. “When crisis comes, Soviet and American cardiologists cooperate,” Bernard said. His book “Prescription for Survival,” focusing on his anti-war activism, came out in 2008. That year, the Bernard Lown Peace Bridge was dedicated in Lewiston Maine.

Bernard was concerned about overtreating patients – ordering tests and procedures that often did more harm than good – and in 2012 he helped organize “Avoiding Avoidable Care,” the first global conference dedicated to the issue of overtreatment. He said, “Do as much as possible for the patient, and as little as possible to the patient.”

Dr. Bernard Lown died on February 16, 2021 at 99 years old. He is survived by three children, five grandchildren, and one great-grandchild. His wife Louise died in 2019.

For saving lives and creating peace, we honor Dr. Bernard Lown as this week’s Thursday Hero.

Accidental Talmudist

[welcometotheanthropocene]

Report: “ghastly future of mass extinction, declining health and climate-disruption upheavals”

“The planet is facing a ‘ghastly future of mass extinction, declining health and climate-disruption upheavals’ that threaten human survival because of ignorance and inaction, according to an international group of scientists, who warn people still haven’t grasped the urgency of the biodiversity and climate crises.”

As a January the Guardian article informs, 17 experts, including scientists from Mexico, Australia, and the US wrote a report in Frontiers in Conservation Science which references more than 150 studies detailing the world’s major environmental challenges. Here are the main points:

"The planet is in a much worse state than most people – even scientists – understood. ... The delay between destruction of the natural world and the impacts of these actions means people do not recognize how vast the problem is."

Large populations and their continued growth drive soil degradation, biodiversity loss, the growing toxification of ecosystems, increasing chances of pandemics, etc.

"The enormity of the problem requires far-reaching changes to global capitalism, education and equality. These include abolishing the idea of perpetual economic growth, properly pricing environmental externalities, stopping the use of fossil fuels, reining in corporate lobbying, and empowering women."

“The report follows years of stark warnings about the state of the planet from the world’s leading scientists, including a statement by 11,000 scientists in 2019 that people will face ‘untold suffering due to the climate crisis’ unless major changes are made. In 2016, more than 150 of Australia’s climate scientists wrote an open letter to the then prime minister, Malcolm Turnbull, demanding immediate action on reducing emissions. In the same year, 375 scientists – including 30 Nobel prize winners – wrote an open letter to the world about their frustrations over political inaction on climate change.”

“The report comes months after the world failed to meet a single UN Aichi biodiversity target, created to stem the destruction of the natural world, the second consecutive time governments have failed to meet their 10-year biodiversity goals.”

Doesn't all this mean that scientists should stop just writing warnings, and move on to some new, more radical actions?

[justforbooks]

Joseph Eugene Stiglitz was born on February 9, 1943. He is an American economist, public policy analyst, and a professor at Columbia University. He is a recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2001) and the John Bates Clark Medal (1979). He is a former senior vice president and chief economist of the World Bank and is a former member and chairman of the (US president's) Council of Economic Advisers. He is known for his support of Georgist public finance theory and for his critical view of the management of globalization, of laissez-faire economists (whom he calls "free-market fundamentalists"), and of international institutions such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank.

In 2000, Stiglitz founded the Initiative for Policy Dialogue (IPD), a think tank on international development based at Columbia University. He has been a member of the Columbia faculty since 2001, and received that university's highest academic rank (university professor) in 2003. He was the founding chair of the university's Committee on Global Thought. He also chairs the University of Manchester's Brooks World Poverty Institute. He is a member of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences. In 2009, the President of the United Nations General Assembly Miguel d'Escoto Brockmann, appointed Stiglitz as the chairman of the U.N. Commission on Reforms of the International Monetary and Financial System, where he oversaw suggested proposals and commissioned a report on reforming the international monetary and financial system. He served as chair of the international Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, appointed by President Sarkozy of France, which issued its report in 2010, Mismeasuring our Lives: Why GDP doesn't add up, and currently serves as co-chair of its successor, the High Level Expert Group on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress. From 2011 to 2014, Stiglitz was president of the International Economic Association (IEA). He presided over the organization of the IEA triennial world congress held near the Dead Sea in Jordan in June 2014.

Stiglitz has received more than 40 honorary degrees, including from Cambridge and Harvard, and he has been decorated by several governments including Bolivia, Korea, Colombia, Ecuador, and most recently France, where he was appointed a member of the Legion of Honor, order Officer.

In 2011 Stiglitz was named by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world. Stiglitz's work focuses on income distribution from a Georgist perspective, asset risk management, corporate governance, and international trade. He is the author of several books, the latest being People, Power, and Profits (2019), The Euro: How a Common Currency Threatens the Future of Europe (2016), The Great Divide: Unequal Societies and What We Can Do About Them (2015), Rewriting the Rules of the American Economy: An Agenda for Growth and Shared Prosperity (2015), and Creating a Learning Society: A New Approach to Growth Development and Social Progress (2014). He is also one of the 25 leading figures on the Information and Democracy Commission launched by Reporters Without Borders.

Daily inspiration. Discover more photos at http://justforbooks.tumblr.com

[freeworldallahexecutivembaclass]

I win this time around in my life against All those that went against and with a list of accomplishments like mines their is no competition in that arena , I'm the best world leader right now I can't say their somebody as good as me or good to the people as me and that is for generations before me and hopefully I help so many generations ahead of me to make life better for the people and no thank you to any attachments to me no critics enemies and haters on me ever , thank you for letting me help the people

My farewell speech until we see each other again

My mindset is Joel Osteen book blessed in the darkness you have to read the book I'm currently reading it now and I'm telling it now it will change your life it is about being in bad situations and still trusting God to see you through it and having unconditional trust with God you know me getting drafted by Jay Z while living in the New York City shelter system is very frustrating and to be a seasoned Quarterback it gets doubtful for the people around me but I'm optimistic I read Joel books 📚 that is why I don't want people to be like you heard the rumor that Jay Z the Roc Nation records owner and Executive of the tidal music streaming service is messing with a bum that he drafted a guy name Allen Henry his nephew Free World and until that comeback I'm just that a rumor it's true this the announcement of it I got so much work to do and a lot lot of learning to grow with you could see it in the Joe Montana and Bill Walsh relationship and Bill Walsh reason for selecting Joe Montana from Notre Dame in the Joe Cool documentary so I'm training for it I do light physical training aerobics to breathe and energize myself and then yes I did accomplish of all that my New York City list of accomplishments I'm a miracle story while living in the shelter some with former Governor Andrew Cuomo and former mayor Bill De Blasio to be a client and to actually help pay the counselors salary is amazing it is what do you do when you get a client like that in your custody I'm helping do you want to harm me and me and Bill De Blasio we passed the fair chance act to compete for a job of 2019 , Me and Governor Cuomo Legalize weed marijuana , boosted the base minimum wage salary level and many other things if you read my list of accomplishment that is part of the program Jay Z was talking about that made him select me in the draft the business incubator program which the hospital is name after me in Brooklyn it means I was suppose to revive business in New York and bring hope to them and their environment and get them more money longer employment and even more employment for people in surrounding environments and back to work programs basically I was hired to make life better for all New Yorkers from Rikers Island to We care programs and the economy I have won the Nobel peace prize once 🏆 and the Nobel memorial prize for economic sciences twice they share those honors with me but it is in my name thank you so much I'm honored they are mines and I cherish it basically I would get any job get my studio equipment but I'm in here stealing time I gave my self a new school schedule it was just little subjects I needed to know because truly ignorance is bad like I got the elect courses but I didn't get the fundamentals so I put myself through school again if you scroll you will see my schedule and class subjects I give myself to learn to be able to survive in New York City it takes a level of money to survive it is also take some education to make it in New York , High school education and definitely you gotta get college if you didn't go straight to the league then you gotta get your education and a job then work on your skills no it is never too late you can still be what you want to be so don't ever give up on your dreams and hopefully get you get your education while doing all of that but for me I kind of not educated all the way besides the deep stuff I learned in college or was reading on my own so I had to like relearn a lot of stuff just for skills that is used in the workplace and you know a general education school was fun but I missed it anybody that knows me I went to college without graduating high school or having my GED I just passed the entrance exam and got into college in Texas true story Baytown Texas 45 minutes from Houston Texas true that is cool I miss Texas 🤠 B probably hates this drama that is my fam and it is okay and Jay Z said yeah forever he will not change his mind to give me a tryout the role is mines see you soon shout out to my brother Vado from Harlem his music is hot that's it for me see you next season .

[mostlysignssomeportents]

"Productivity" is a perfect example of the pseudscience underpinning economics

Economists are famously fragile about their field; after all, this is the field that created a fake Nobel prize to give its practitioners the veneer of credibility and empiricism that actual sciences enjoy.

A favored tactic among economists is the use of complex equations that make it hard for nonpractitioners to spot the cards they're palming. Just as con-artists like to lard complexity into bar-bets to make it hard to calculate the odds, and just as casino games like craps add extra lines and payouts the table to confound your ability to spot the house advantage, neoliberal economics has weaponized equations to exclude its critics from the discussion. Sometimes, this shitty math is so terrible that it threatens the whole planetary economy.

On Economics from the Top Down, York University PhD candidate in economics Blair Fix takes on the economic logic of measuring "productivity," demonstrating how it uses circular reasoning to prove that underpaid workers are receiving a fair wage.

The measurement of "productivity" began with John Bates Clark, who was responding to Marxist threats to the economic dominance of capitalism, and explicitly set out to find a way to measure "productivity" that would prove that workers' low wages were fair ("It is the purpose of this work to show that the distribution of the income of society is controlled by a natural law, and that this law, if it worked without friction, would give to every agent of production the amount of wealth which that agent creates," -The Distribution of Wealth).

From this shake foundation, economists have erected a towering edifice of theory and math that "proves" over and over that workers get the pay they deserve. But this proof depends on axioms that are designed to produce the desired outcome. As Fix shows, the closer you peer at these axioms, the more circular they become.

https://boingboing.net/2019/08/13/quants-are-quaint.html

[feelingbluepolitics]

"Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo of M.I.T. and Michael Kremer of Harvard have devoted more than 20 years of economic research to developing new ways to study — and help — the world’s poor.

"On Monday, their experimental approach to alleviating poverty won them the 2019 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. Dr. Duflo, 46, is the youngest economics laureate ever and the second woman to receive the prize in its half-century history.

"In studying problems like education deficiencies and child health, the economists search for evidence about which interventions can resolve them, and seek practical ways to bring good treatments to scale."

[businessnewss]

Nobel economics prize awarded to U.S.-based economists including Bernanke for work on financial crises

Nobel economics prize awarded to U.S.-based economists including Bernanke for work on financial crises

Ben Bernanke, former chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve, speaks during the American Economic Association and Allied Social Science Association Annual Meeting on Friday, Jan. 4, 2019. Bernanke is one of three winners of the 2022 Nobel prize in economics. Bloomberg | Bloomberg | Getty Images U.S.-based economists Ben Bernanke, Douglas Diamond and Philip Dybvig were awarded the Nobel prize in…

[stevemaclellan]

Winners of the prizes in physics, chemistry and economics made the assessment Saturday at a news conference ahead of next week's presentation of the prizes. The remarks come as a global summit on climate change takes place in Madrid.

[alexsmitposts]

US and coronavirus: three awkward questions Let's ask the question: what in reality can stand behind the words of the us under Secretary of State for Europe and Eurasia Philip Ricker, who directly declared our country to be conducting a campaign to "spread disinformation" about the fact that the United States is involved in the emergence and spread of the 2019-nCoV infection in China? There is no doubt that this demarche is, first of all, an "anti-Russian throw-in", as it was quite rightly assessed by the Russian foreign Ministry. But, at the same time, in accordance with the well-known Russian proverb, what is happening is extremely similar to the situation with the spontaneous combustion of a headdress on someone who has just sincerely felt through other people's pockets. There was a lot of excitement in Washington about this. Why would that be? I'm not going to press any charges. As well as saying anything to try to convince you that the outbreak of the coronavirus that threatens the planet today is directly related to the deliberate and deliberate actions of certain organizations, structures or individuals from the United States of America. I just suggest that you look for answers to just three blocks of questions set out below. What conclusions you come to in the end is your own business. However, we all clearly have something to think about. 1. Why so many "coincidences"? I will make a reservation at once – in any story that affects the interests of more than a couple of individuals and assumes financial consequences for an amount exceeding a hundred or two rubles (or dollars), I consider it categorically unacceptable to operate with categories like "coincidence" and "accident". This doesn't happen. And when" at stake " are the lives of millions and economic interests, numbering in the tens and hundreds of billions-even more so. In a situation with a coronavirus, too many details are not what they say, but just a shout that there is no "coincidence" to talk about here. First of all, it is about the simplest parameters: place and time. The epidemic" for some reason " breaks out on the eve of the Chinese new year, which more than 100% guarantees the maximum defeat of people with the virus and its maximum spread due to the seasonal migration flows inherent in China. Usually, during this period (according to official Chinese data), rail transport transports a little less than half a billion passengers around the country, and about 100 thousand of its residents travel by plane. If Beijing had shown a little less speed, determination and concentration in imposing quarantine and restricting freedom of movement, the whole of China would have been covered by a severe epidemic today. And this leads us to the question of the place where everything, in fact, began. If we assume that someone chose the ideal point of attack, then it should have been Wuhan. At least due to the fact that there is a us diplomatic mission there, which allows American citizens who have immunity and, let's say, a certain official affiliation to be in the city. But it's not just that. The largest transport hub in China, which has an equal distance from Shanghai and Hong Kong (about 800 km) - these are the cities whose defeat by the disease would be extremely unprofitable for the United States. In the first of them, there are too many representative offices of American corporations that employ US citizens – people who are not the lowest level in management. In the second, mass riots have been going on for a long time, and the Americans have already invested a lot of effort, money, and resources in fomenting them. But the production facilities of the Apple group, the company that Donald trump so wanted to "bring home", and which "rested" on this issue longer and more persistently than others, are almost half closer to the epicenter of the disease. And today, as you might guess, they are completely stopped. According to the Nikkei Asian Review, the world may soon be left without new iPhones at all... Whatever it was, the emergence of the 2019-nCoV epidemic occurred precisely at the moment of the tipping phase of the" trade war " between Washington and Beijing, almost coinciding with the signing of the first phase of the deal, which can become either a short-term truce, after which the fight will continue with a poorly predictable result, or... The beginning of the forced surrender of the Chinese comrades, who at all times preferred to sacrifice little in order not to lose everything. That's what it looks like. "War on two fronts" – and with American duties, and with the coronavirus, China may survive. The only question is-at what cost? The current situation clearly gives the United States a clear advantage in all further disputes and conflicts with the PRC. In any case, for the near future. 2. Why is 2019-nCoV so similar to an artificial ethnovirus? Conspiracy, you say? There are no diseases that can selectively affect representatives of only one nation, race, or ethnic group, there has never been, and cannot exist in principle?! Well, what about a lot of serious documentary evidence that work on this topic was started at least several decades ago and continues to this day? At the end of the 70s of the last century, South Africa had a top-secret project "Coast", the purpose of which was to create a bioweapon capable of hitting only people with black skin. And that's when (also a coincidence?) The USSR sent proposals to the UN to conclude a new international agreement prohibiting the development and creation of new types of WMD, including "ethnic weapons". Soviet military intelligence was working on its conscience... Theoretically, there are methods of genetic engineering, the same RNA interference, the creators of which received very real "Nobel prizes" for their development, allowing you to develop viruses that will infect and kill very clearly and differentiated. Yes, in the scientific world, this idea is considered extremely difficult to implement in practice, but if you take into account the huge amounts that are invested in military development by the Pentagon, we can not say that it is completely impossible. I really want to get an answer to the question: why do almost all the most deadly infectious diseases on the planet recently have their epicenter, the vast majority of them, in South-East Asia? "SARS", "swine" and "avian" flus, now 2019-nCoV... Let's write off everything out of habit as a "combination of circumstances" or think: is someone trying to find an "absolute weapon" against a particular ethnic group by trial and error? Today, scientists from all over the world are vying to claim a lot of "oddities" regarding the disease that struck China. An increasing number of them are beginning to assume its completely artificial nature. This conclusion was reached, for example, by scientists from the Delhi state University. Jawaharlal Nehru, who stated that 2019-nCoV is a tricky "build" of two different types of coronavirus that are characteristic of animals, with the addition of some "inserts" that are most similar in nature... AIDS! The fact that this virus is almost 80% similar to "SARS" or SARS, being its "augmented" and "improved" version, has already been fully proven. So: that SARS in any case could not occur naturally (for example, as a result of mutation), God knows when wrote such publications as the Lancet, Science and the New England Journal of Medicine. It is not "yellow journalism", ladies and gentlemen! It is, accordingly, one of the most authoritative medical journals in the United States, as well as the official print bodies of the American Association for the advancement of science and the medical society of Massachusetts. To the credit of Russian scientists, it is worth adding that the clearly artificial origin of "atypical pneumonia" was stated in 2003 by a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, geneticist Sergey Kolesnikov. He, by the way, pointed out that it affects mainly Asians, representatives of the Mongoloid race. And, by the way, what about our statistics on deaths from 2019-nCoV? As of the time of writing this article – out of 2,400-plus deaths-only 20 outside of China (and not the fact that they also died not from there). As far as we know, the so-called "input cell" of the coronavirus, called ACE2 by geneticists, has already been isolated. According to their statement, this is usually only available for Asian men. Not an "ethnic virus"? 3. Why does the US behave as if it knew and prepared?                                                  We must pay tribute to the Americans-from the very beginning of the epidemic, they act extremely cynically, rejecting even the usual hypocrisy for themselves. The Consulate General in Wuhan was evacuated by them super-operatively. At the same time, a couple of days later, a statement by Chinese foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying was published on the website of the Xinhua news Agency, describing the actions of the United States as "more than untimely, ungenerous and extremely unfavorable". It was, it seems,about the ban on travel to China and the hysteria about the coronavirus, which is being fanned by the American media. But is it only about them? Exercises to conduct large-scale events in conditions of biological contamination are conducted by the Pentagon on a large scale and very regularly. The last time such maneuvers, which involved not only the military, but also representatives of many other state services and divisions, were held there just last year. One of the legends was "ensuring the transportation of biological material that is highly dangerous", and consisted of loading and unloading super-protected containers from aircraft... samples of the virus? Infected people? Such details were not shared with the media. By the way, what is interesting is that the us military and the South Korean army are working out the "joint response to biological threats of natural or artificial origin" with special punctuality. Asia Again... This has been happening every year since 2011. A lot has already been written about us biological laboratories, which have well-founded suspicions about their participation in the development of biological weapons. And yet... Hundreds of such highly classified objects exist almost all over the world. However, for some reason, a particularly large number of them are located along the borders of Russia and China. The development of "selective" bioweapons requires extreme accuracy and consideration of all local parameters without exception. These are not ordinary bombs. Now let's talk about another interesting American organization, which would be an unforgivable mistake not to recall in the context we are discussing. This is about the Johns Hopkins health safety Center. Employees of this Center regularly conduct extremely interesting simulations, which are, in fact, something like command and staff exercises, only in case of a global epidemic, not a war. The first such simulation, codenamed "Dark winter", took place in the summer of 2001. The last, "Event 201" (the fourth in a row) - in November 2019. In both cases, the "legend" was a massive pandemic. In the "Event 201" process, the coronavirus was clearly indicated as the cause. Both "staff games" directly preceded the time of outbreaks in China – in the first case, SARS, in the second – 2019-nCoV. What explanation do you have for this? Well, for the "snack" - a few more not so large-scale, but more than eloquent details. Wuhan became the first place in China where a real 5G network was launched. the US is absolutely ready to prevent the "penetration into the world" of this technology in the Chinese version at any cost. As it became known, Washington refused to evacuate its citizens from the Diamond Princess cruise ship, where 330 Americans are located, despite the willingness of the Japanese authorities to let them go home. At the same time, 14 US citizens – passengers of the liner, whose presence of 2019-nCoV was confirmed, were removed from its Board and allegedly returned to their homeland with placement in the strictest isolation. More than a strange logic of action, don't you think? By the way, the Pentagon has been very active in all matters related to the coronavirus from the very beginning. Quiet work and business activity-as if he knows exactly what he is dealing with. In conclusion, I would like to remind you that the United States of America has already carried out at least once, almost completely, the genocide of an entire huge ethnic group, using, in fact, "selective bioweapons". Yes, Yes-we are talking about the indigenous population of the United States, North American Indians, which the ancestors of those who today hold senior positions in the White House, and the state Department, the CIA and the Pentagon, sitting in Congress, quite calmly poisoned with smallpox-infected blankets. In Anglo-Saxon jurisprudence, this is called "precedent"...