#1932 geneva massacre

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

“Unglücksstunden in Genf [Unlucky hours in Geneva],” Schweizer Illustrierte Zeitung. No. 47, November 16, 1932. --- Cover story about the Geneva shooting massacre.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.10

506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France. 1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Constantinople. 1515 – Thomas Wolsey is invested as a Cardinal. 1547 – The Battle of Pinkie, the last full-scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI. 1561 – Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts. 1570 – Spanish Jesuit missionaries land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission. 1573 – German pirate Klein Henszlein and 33 of his crew are beheaded in Hamburg. 1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia. 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the Continental Army. 1798 – At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain. 1813 – The United States defeats a British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812. 1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine. 1858 – George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora. 1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 19 unarmed striking immigrant miners in Lattimer, Pennsylvania, United States. 1898 – Empress Elisabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni. 1918 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army captures Kazan. 1919 – The Republic of German-Austria signs the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, ceding significant territories to Italy, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia. 1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened. 1936 – First World Individual Motorcycle Speedway Championship, Held at London's (England) Wembley Stadium 1937 – Nine nations attend the Nyon Conference to address international piracy in the Mediterranean Sea. 1939 – World War II: The submarine HMS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss of a submarine in the war. 1939 – World War II: The Canadian declaration of war on Germany receives royal assent. 1942 – World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign. 1943 – World War II: In the course of Operation Achse, German troops begin their occupation of Rome. 1960 – At the Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon in bare feet. 1961 – In the Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 15 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari, the deadliest accident in F1 history. 1967 – The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain. 1974 – Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal. 1976 – A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176. 1977 – Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France. 2000 – Operation Barras successfully frees six British soldiers held captive for over two weeks and contributes to the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War. 2001 – Antônio da Costa Santos, mayor of Campinas, Brazil is assassinated. 2001 – During his appearance on the British TV game show Who Wants to be a Millionaire?, contestant Charles Ingram reaches the £1 million top prize, but it was later revealed that he had cheated to the top prize by listening to coughs from his wife and another contestant. 2002 – Switzerland, traditionally a neutral country, becomes a full member of the United Nations. 2007 – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999. 2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland. 2017 – Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key, Florida as a Category 4, after causing catastrophic damage throughout the Caribbean. Irma resulted in 134 deaths and $64.76 billion (2017 USD) in damage.

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

“Above: Demonstrators were kept on the move by helmeted and rifled police when Communists rioted recently in Geneva. The above picture shows the troops forcing demonstrators down the street after the worst of the rioting had been quelled. Eleven persons were killed in the rioting.

Right: Karl Herreshoff of San Diego, Cal. was deported from Switzerland after the recent Communist riots at Geneva in which police claimed he was a leader. He was photographed in Paris after deportation and denied having a part in the outbreak in the world peace center.”

- from the North Bay Nugget. November 28, 1932. Page 2.

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

“Bagarre sanglante dans la ‘cité de la paix’,” Le Devoir. November 10, 1932. Page 1. === Douze personnes perdent la vie et soixante-dix blessés sont dans les hôpitaux de Genève — Les journaux genevois attribuent la responsabilité de cette tragédie aux socialistes ---- GENEVE, 10. (S.P.A.) — La “cité de la paix” a été ensanglantée hier soir par une bagarre qui a coûté la vie à 12 personnes et qui a envoyé 70 blessés dans les hôpitaux. Une foule montée par des agitateurs a voulu troubler une réunion antisocialiste et les autorités ont envoyé sur les lieux des jeunes recrues qu’elles avaient fait venir de Lausanne. La foule a hué les jeunes militaires et les a tournés en ridicule en les qualifiant d’enfants qui veulent "jouer au soldat”. Les recrues ont alors ouvert le feu de leurs mitrailleuses et des gens sont tombés sur le pavé drus comme mouches. On compte un enfant parmi les victimes. La foule irritée a massacré un soldat. Un autre soldat a pris peur en voyant tout ce sang et s'est enfui. 

Les journaux du matin attribuent aux socialistes, qui font depuis quelque temps de l’agitation contre les autorités locales, la responsabilité de cette tragédie. Les orateurs socialistes auraient incité les gens à la révolution en pleine rue et quelques-uns entre eux seraient des émissaires de Moscou. Léon Nicole, directeur d’un journal du soir et membre du gouvernement cantonal, a été arrêté sous l’accusation d’avoir fomenté la révolte.

[AL: Almost all coverage of this event in Canada uncritically accepted the Swiss government’s explanation that somehow the massacre and wounding of dozens of people was their fault, and not the fault of the machine gun armed military.]

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

“More Troops Sent In Geneva Strike,” Montreal Star. November 12, 1932. Page 1. ---- Preparations to Guard Against New Riots Made by Council ---- GENEVA, Nov 13— (AP)— Local trade unions called a 24-hour strike yesterday as a protest against the killing of 10 civilians by soldiers in an anti-Socialist demonstration Wednesday.

The strike applies only to the Canton of Geneva but as soon as the unions had taken the decision the State Council met and asked authorities in the adjoining Canton of Valais to send by train at the earliest possible moment a relief regiment. 

Military preparations to prevent a recurrence of the riot had bean made earlier in the day in Lausanne and Berne. 

The State Council early today ordered mobilization of the third infantry regiment and the 103rd Landwehr battalion for 9 a.m. to cope with the 14-hour strike called for today.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.10

506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France. 1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Constantinople. 1515 – Thomas Wolsey is invested as a Cardinal. 1547 – The Battle of Pinkie, the last full-scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI. 1561 – Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts. 1570 – Spanish Jesuit missionaries land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission. 1573 – German pirate Klein Henszlein and 33 of his crew beheaded in Hamburg. 1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia. 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the Continental Army. 1798 – At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain. 1813 – The United States defeats a British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812. 1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine. 1858 – George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora. 1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 19 unarmed striking immigrant miners in Lattimer, Pennsylvania, United States. 1898 – Empress Elisabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni. 1918 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army captures Kazan. 1919 – The Republic of German-Austria signs the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, ceding significant territories to Italy, Yugoslavia, and Czechoslovakia. 1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened. 1936 – First World Individual Motorcycle Speedway Championship, Held at London's (England) Wembley Stadium 1937 – Nine nations attend the Nyon Conference to address international piracy in the Mediterranean Sea. 1939 – World War II: The submarine HMS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss of a submarine in the war. 1939 – World War II: The Canadian declaration of war on Germany receives royal assent. 1942 – World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign. 1943 – World War II: In the course of Operation Achse, German troops begin their occupation of Rome. 1960 – At the Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon in bare feet. 1961 – In the Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari, the deadliest accident in F1 history. 1967 – The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain. 1974 – Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal. 1976 – A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176. 1977 – Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France. 2000 – Operation Barras successfully frees six British soldiers held captive for over two weeks and contributes to the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War. 2001 – Antônio da Costa Santos, mayor of Campinas, Brazil is assassinated. 2002 – Switzerland, traditionally a neutral country, becomes a full member of the United Nations. 2007 – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999. 2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland. 2017 – Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key, Florida as a Category 4, after causing catastrophic damage throughout the Caribbean. Irma resulted in 134 deaths and $64.76 billion (2017 USD) in damage.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.10

506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France. 1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Constantinople. 1515 – Thomas Wolsey is invested as a Cardinal. 1547 – The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, the last full-scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI. 1561 – Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts. 1570 – Spanish Jesuit missionaries land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission. 1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia. 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the Continental Army. 1798 – At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain. 1813 – The United States defeats a British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812. 1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine. 1858 – George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora. 1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 19 unarmed striking immigrant miners in Lattimer, Pennsylvania, United States. 1898 – Empress Elisabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni. 1918 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army captures Kazan. 1919 – Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. 1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened. 1936 – First World Individual Motorcycle Speedway Championship, Held at London's (England) Wembley Stadium 1937 – Nine nations attend the Nyon Conference to address international piracy in the Mediterranean Sea. 1939 – World War II: The submarine HMS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss of a submarine in the war. 1939 – World War II: Canada declares war on Germany, joining the Allies: Poland, France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. 1942 – World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign. 1943 – World War II: In the course of Operation Achse, German troops begin their occupation of Rome. 1960 – At the Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon in bare feet. 1961 – In the Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari, the deadliest accident in F1 history. 1967 – The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain. 1974 – Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal. 1976 – A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176. 1977 – Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France. 2000 – Operation Barras successfully frees six British soldiers held captive for over two weeks and contributes to the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War. 2001 – Antônio da Costa Santos, mayor of Campinas, Brazil is assassinated. 2002 – Switzerland, traditionally a neutral country, becomes a full member of the United Nations. 2007 – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999. 2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland. 2017 – Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key, Florida as a Category 4, after causing catastrophic damage throughout the Caribbean. Irma resulted in 134 deaths and $64.76 billion (2017 USD) in damage.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.10

506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France. 1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Constantinople. 1515 – Thomas Wolsey is invested as a Cardinal. 1547 – The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, the last full-scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI. 1561 – Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts. 1570 – Spanish Jesuit missionaries land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission. 1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia. 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the Continental Army. 1798 – At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain. 1813 – The United States defeats the British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812. 1823 – Simón Bolívar is named President of Peru. 1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine. 1858 – George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora. 1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 19 unarmed striking immigrant miners in Lattimer, Pennsylvania, United States. 1898 – Empress Elisabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni. 1918 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army captures Kazan. 1919 – Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. 1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened. 1936 – First World Individual Motorcycle Speedway Championship, Held at London's (England) Wembley Stadium 1937 – Nine nations attend the Nyon Conference to address international piracy in the Mediterranean Sea. 1939 – World War II: The submarine HMS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss of a submarine in the war. 1939 – World War II: Canada declares war on Germany, joining the Allies: Poland, France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. 1942 – World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign. 1943 – World War II: In the course of Operation Achse, German troops begin their occupation of Rome. 1960 – At the Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon in bare feet. 1961 – In the Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari. 1967 – The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain. 1974 – Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal. 1976 – A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176. 1977 – Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France. 2000 – Operation Barras successfully frees six British soldiers held captive for over two weeks and contributes to the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War. 2001 – Antônio da Costa Santos, mayor of Campinas, Brazil is assassinated. 2001 – Charles Ingram cheats his way to £1 million on the UK game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? 2002 – Switzerland, traditionally a neutral country, becomes a full member of the United Nations. 2007 – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999. 2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland. 2017 – Hurricane Irma makes landfall on Cudjoe Key, Florida as a Category 4, after causing catastrophic damage throughout the Caribbean. Irma resulted in 134 deaths and $64.76 billion (2017 USD) in damage.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 9.10

506 – The bishops of Visigothic Gaul meet in the Council of Agde. 1419 – John the Fearless, Duke of Burgundy is assassinated by adherents of the Dauphin, the future Charles VII of France. 1509 – An earthquake known as "The Lesser Judgment Day" hits Constantinople. 1515 – Thomas Wolsey is invested as a Cardinal 1547 – The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh, the last full-scale military confrontation between England and Scotland, resulting in a decisive victory for the forces of Edward VI. 1561 – Fourth Battle of Kawanakajima: Takeda Shingen defeats Uesugi Kenshin in the climax of their ongoing conflicts. 1570 – Spanish Jesuit missionaries land in present-day Virginia to establish the short-lived Ajacán Mission. 1608 – John Smith is elected council president of Jamestown, Virginia. 1776 – American Revolutionary War: Nathan Hale volunteers to spy for the Continental Army. 1798 – At the Battle of St. George's Caye, British Honduras defeats Spain. 1813 – The United States defeats the British Fleet at the Battle of Lake Erie during the War of 1812. 1823 – Simón Bolívar is named President of Peru. 1846 – Elias Howe is granted a patent for the sewing machine. 1858 – George Mary Searle discovers the asteroid 55 Pandora. 1897 – Lattimer massacre: A sheriff's posse kills 19 unarmed striking immigrant miners in Lattimer, Pennsylvania, United States. 1898 – Empress Elisabeth of Austria is assassinated by Luigi Lucheni. 1918 – Russian Civil War: The Red Army captures Kazan. 1919 – Austria and the Allies sign the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye recognizing the independence of Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. 1932 – The New York City Subway's third competing subway system, the municipally-owned IND, is opened. 1936 – First World Individual Motorcycle Speedway Championship, Held at London's (England) Wembley Stadium 1937 – Nine nations attend the Nyon Conference to address international piracy in the Mediterranean Sea. 1939 – World War II: The submarine HMS Oxley is mistakenly sunk by the submarine HMS Triton near Norway and becomes the Royal Navy's first loss of a submarine in the war. 1939 – World War II: Canada declares war on Nazi Germany, joining the Allies: Poland, France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. 1942 – World War II: The British Army carries out an amphibious landing on Madagascar to re-launch Allied offensive operations in the Madagascar Campaign. 1943 – World War II: German forces begin their occupation of Rome. 1960 – At the Summer Olympics in Rome, Abebe Bikila becomes the first sub-Saharan African to win a gold medal, winning the marathon in bare feet. 1961 – Italian Grand Prix, a crash causes the death of German Formula One driver Wolfgang von Trips and 13 spectators who are hit by his Ferrari. 1967 – The people of Gibraltar vote to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain. 1974 – Guinea-Bissau gains independence from Portugal. 1976 – A British Airways Hawker Siddeley Trident and an Inex-Adria DC-9 collide near Zagreb, Yugoslavia, killing 176. 1977 – Hamida Djandoubi, convicted of torture and murder, is the last person to be executed by guillotine in France. 2000 – Operation Barras successfully frees six British soldiers held captive for over two weeks and contributes to the end of the Sierra Leone Civil War. 2001 – Antônio da Costa Santos, mayor of Campinas, Brazil is assassinated. 2002 – Switzerland, traditionally a neutral country, joins the United Nations. 2007 – Former Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif returns to Pakistan after seven years in exile, following a military coup in October 1999. 2008 – The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, described as the biggest scientific experiment in history, is powered up in Geneva, Switzerland.