#* / c. johnson ; introduction

[erraticismshq]

( YANDEH SALLAH. TWENTY EIGHT. CIS FEMALE. SHE/HER. ) in texas, CASSIOPEIA JOHNSON is known to most as CASSIE. they have been riding with the reapers for TWO YEARS. they’re originally from SEATTLE and the HANGAROUND is known to be very ERRATIC & CARELESS but the other club members will tell you they are LIVELY & INTELLIGENT. as the years go by, they’ve gained a lot of respect in the club and around town. they’re usually at THE FORGE, working as a BARTENDER/TABLE RUNNER. they rarely ever drive a car but when they do HABITS by TOVE LO is usually heard blasting. ( empty pill bottles scattered across the floor, hazy thoughts and messed up words, shorts and laddered tights paired with worn out vans, paint stained hands, bright computer screens illuminating a room at 2am, puffs of smoke obscuring her face. ) 

tw for mentions death, car crash, domestic abuse and drug use!

backstory !!

✦ cassiopeia johnson was born to lynn and gerald johnson on february 7th three minutes behind her older brother cepheus. they were named after stars (and not the husband and wife duo from mythology) because gerald worked for nasa.

✦ cassie and ceph had an incredibly loving and happy childhood. they wanted for very little and often took trips out hiking and camping in national parks to be under the stars. cassie and ceph were very close. they were best friends.

✦ tragedy struck when the twins were 17 and their parents died in a car crash. cassie always blamed herself as they were on their way to pick her up after an art class. 

✦ this was the beginning point for cassie’s spiral. she met her first boyfriend around about this time, but he was from a bad crowd. cassie was grieving and wanted to not feel. he brought her into a world of drugs to help her forget. 

✦ she was stuck in a cycle and a toxic relationship for about three years. in this time it caused a big rift between her and ceph. he was concerned for her future, mental well being and physical health, as her boyfriend had begun to physically and mentally abuse her.

✦ while cassie finished high school, she flunked her opportunity to go to college. ceph was disappointed in her about this as she was the brains of the family. it took their grandmother left dying for cassie to change her ways and realise how important family was to her, since their was only her and her brother left.

✦ she got cleaned and got rid of her boyfriend. she applied to college again and her and ceph moved there together. they had a decent amount of money to fall back on since ceph wasn’t using his college fund.

✦ cassie was incredibly smart and studied computer science. she had a knack for hacking, but at this point in her life didn’t really use it for any illegal means or gain.

✦ finally when cassie was 24 she graduated with a degree, while ceph had made his way up to a manager of a business. life seemed to be going well for them both. but then cassie fell back into her old ways of recreational drug use.

✦ recreational drug use turned into daily drug use. it was this time she ended up back in contact with her ex. she tried to hide all of this from her brother at first until they were on a trip with their friends and he found her stash. she promised she would change and pretend to throw them away.

✦ but she still had some left. and when it was her time to drive, she did so high. she though she would be okay, the road quiet and it was night. but her reactions weren’t as quick as she though they were.

✦ cassie was the only survivor of the crash. her brother and two friends as well as her current girlfriend all died because of her actions. frightened and stressed, cassie ended up calling her ex to help cover up that she was actually the driver so she wouldn't go to jail. she’s not set foot inside a car again.

✦ ever since that event cassie, she ended up stuck with her ex since he held her 'secret' over her. this lasted a year or two until one day they ended up in stratford.

✦ it was here she met reaper westley thorn. he broke her out of her toxic relationship and she's been hanging around the reapers ever since. the two are currently romantically involved, though both will deny they're actually dating - despite acting like a married couple. it's complicated.

personality !! 

✦ cassie has always been a little on the weird side. head up in the clouds. she’s always lived in her own little fantasy and not wanted to acknowledge reality and the world around her.

✦ this has only been enhanced by her drug use. she’s frankly a little weird. sometimes laughs to herself, constantly doesn’t pay attention to conversations and often ends up saying random things or zoning out.

✦ very adventurous. always up for some stupid shit at 2am and other kinds of fun. she's friendly and talks to anyone, even if they're a diablo (despite having the crossbones tattoo)

✦ but she does have her burn out days. days where she’s not high. they’re awful and she’s incredibly closed off on them. refuses to speak, to come out of her room. sad girl hours

✦ but she's actually incredibly smart. is a talented hacker and can get into most things. hospital records, police files, confidential lawyer documents etc.

✦ she's also quite the talented artist, mostly favouring drawings and paintings. constantly has paint stained clothes and hands. particularly loves designing tattoos despite never getting her own designs.

[disease]

RAPID EYE #1 [1989] 🔗

THE FALL OF ART | William S. Burroughs

FROM ATAVISM TO ZYKLON B | Genesis P-Orridge & TOPY

SYBARITE AMONG THE SHADOWS | Aleister Crowley

DREAMACHINE | An Information Montage

BECAUSE AND COSMOS | C. John Taylor

THE VIDEODROME | Situationism & Death TV

WORDS FROM A ROOM | An Interview With Hubert Selby Jr.

DEAD FINGERS TALK | An Interview With William S. Burroughs

THE JOHNSON FAMILY | William S. Burroughs

SMILE | An Introduction To Neoism A Rapid Eye Report

TIME MIRRORS | The Art Of Austin Osman Spare

[MORE INCLUDED...]

[hexjulia]

reading more about atomic gardening and this is so much fun. to read about that is. it also seems fun to do, but. you know. anyway:

"The story of these citizen-pioneers of mutagenesis (the technical term for creating genetic change through the application of chemical, physical, and biological agents) is full of fantastic details, from Muriel Howorth’s propagandising ballet-mime, Isotopia, which involved a cast of Knowledge, Electron, Proton, Neutron, Rat, and Cow, as well as a working geiger counter, to Tennessee-based atomic entrepreneur C.J. Speas irradiating trays of seedlings into his backyard bunker.

IMAGE: C.J. Speas giving a tour of his radioactive bunker to high school students, photo by Grey Villet for Life, via Pruned.

Perhaps the most bizarre detail in the interview, however, is the news that these gamma gardens are still in operation, relatively unchanged in design since the 50s, in the grounds of national laboratories today. Their circular form, which, as Johnson notes, bears more than a passing resemblance to the atomic danger symbol, “was simply based upon the need to arrange the plants in concentric circles around the radiation source which stood like a totem in the center of the field.”

It was basically a slug of radioactive material within a pole; when workers needed to enter the field it was lowered below ground into a lead lined chamber. There were a series of fences and alarms to keep people from entering the field when the source was above ground. The amount of radiation received by the plants naturally varied according to how close they were to the pole. So usually a single variety would be arranged as a ‘wedge’ leading away from the pole, so that the effects of a range of radiation levels could be evaluated. Most of the plants close to the pole simply died. A little further away, they would be so genetically altered that they were riddled with tumors and other growth abnormalities. It was generally the rows where the plants ‘looked’ normal, but still had genetic alterations, that were of the most interest, that were ‘just right’ as far as mutation breeding was concerned!

Over at GOOD, Peter Smith recently described a similar layout at the still-active Institute of Radiation Breeding, in Hitachiohmiya, Japan, which has “has a 88.8 Terabecquerel Cobalt-60 source, ringed by a 3,608-foot radius Gamma field (the world’s largest), and a 28-foot high shield dike around the perimeter.”

IMAGE: A gamma garden at Brookhaven National Labs, New York, c. 1958; image provided by Paige Johnson, via Pruned.

IMAGE: Aerial view of the Institute of Radiation Breeding, Hitachiohmiya, Japan.

As it turns out, far from being a fantastic fossil from the future that never was, along with jetpacks and flying cars, atomic gardening is alive and well today. According to a 2007 New York Times story, which quotes Dr. Pierre Lagoda, head of plant breeding and genetics at the International Atomic Energy Agency, radiation breeding is actually experiencing a renaissance, due to the introduction of “new methods that speed up the identification of mutants.”

IMAGE: Mutant crop varieties mapped by The New York Times.

What’s more, the Times adds, nearly 2,000 gamma radiation-induced mutant crop varieties have been registered around the world, including Calrose 76, a dwarf varietal that accounts for about half the rice grown in California, and the popular Star Ruby and Rio Red grapefruits, whose deep colour is a mutation produced through radiation breeding in the 1970s. Similarly, Johnson tells Pruned that “most of the global production of mint oil,” with an annual market value estimated at $930 million, is extracted from the “wilt-resistant ‘Todd’s Mitcham’ cultivar, a product of thermal neutron irradiation.” She adds that “the exact nature of the genetic changes that cause it to be wilt-resistant remain unknown.”

IMAGE: “Pierre Lagoda, the head of plant breeding and genetics at the International Atomic Energy Agency, showing mutated plants at a greenhouse in Austria,” photo by Herwig Prammer for The New York Times."

[luminouslumity]

And here he is, the Bard himself! Obviously he needs no introduction, but I'm nothing if not consistent!

William Shakespeare (c. 23 April 1564—23 April 1616) is quite possibly the most famous playwright in all of English literature, having composed about thirty nine plays—including collaborations—and one hundred and fifty four sonnets, as well as three long narrative poems. He was married to Anne Hathaway (yes, really) and together they had three children—Susanna, Hamnet, and Judith, the latter two of whom were twins. In rival Ben Johnson's poem—To the Memory of My Beloved the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare—he wrote: "He was not of an age but for all time!"

[writing-for-me-at-this-point]

𝔪𝔞𝔰𝔱𝔢𝔯𝔩𝔦𝔰𝔱 | 𝔮𝔲𝔢𝔢𝔫𝔟𝔢𝔢 | ℑℑ

Welcome to my new masterlist. This masterlist is made with the intention to focus on my newer writings and make it easier to work your way around my blog, from the tagging systems, requests, rules, and more.

Please remember all works and my blog is for legal adults, 18 and older. This is not only for your safety, but mine as well, please respect this boundary.

Here is a [ small introduction to my blog ] and [ my rules ] as well.

[ O R I G I N A L. M A S T E R L I S T. ]

[ O C T O B E R. H O R R O R S. M A S T E R L I S T. ]

[ H O R R O R. S E N T E N C E. M A S T E R L I S T. ]

*any questions or major info will be posted here in the future in needed

G H O S T F A C E.

[ .let me hold you. danny "jed olsen" johnson. ]

[ .found you. danny "jed olsen" johnson. ]

[ .obsession. danny "jed olsen" johnson. ]

C A L L. O F. D U T Y.

[ .cheers to us I. johnathan "soap" mactavish. ]

[ .roman numerals I - V. simon "ghost riley. ]

T W I S T E D. W O N D E R L A N D.

[ .the fruits, rotten. malleus draconia. ]

C H A I N S A W. M A N.

J U J U T S U. K A I S E N.

C O M I C S. D C. M A R V E L.

G E N S H I N. I M P A CT.

[ .i'm not letting you go. dainsleif. ]

[ .just a plug. kamisato ayato. ]

[ .should have known. diluc ragnvindr. ]

O T H E R S.

[ .the scent of love. noe archiviste. vanitas no carte. ]

[sea-changed]

third quarter of 2023 in books

30. Sex the Measure of All Things: A Life of Alfred C. Kinsey, Jonathan Gathorne-Hardy [this was everything a biography should be, I think; idiosyncratic and entertaining and informative.] 31. The Lottery and Other Stories, Shirley Jackson [reread] 32. Gilead, Marilynne Robinson 33. The Deviant's War: The Homosexual vs. the United States of America, Eric Cervini [shockingly badly written] 34. Their Eyes Were Watching God, Zora Neale Hurston [reread] 35. Late Bloomers, Deepa Varadarajan 36. Eminent Outlaws: The Gay Writers Who Changed America, Christopher Bram 37. Where'd You Go, Bernadette, Maria Semple 38. The Calder Game, Blue Balliett [reread. still an unfortunate end to an otherwise lovely series] 39. Pulp Friction: Uncovering the Golden Age of Gay Male Pulps, ed. Michael Bronski [for some reason I'd thought this was an academic study rather than an anthology, but I will say Bronski's introduction and editorializing were excellent and appreciated] 40. The Age of Innocence, Edith Wharton [reread] 41. The Edge of Anarchy: The Railroad Barons, the Gilded Age, and the Greatest Labor Uprising in America, Jack Kelly [this was nicely done, I thought--gripping popular history that didn't sacrifice to melodrama too often] 42. The Real Thing, Tom Stoppard 43. Buying Gay: How Physique Entrepreneurs Sparked a Movement, David K. Johnson 44. The House of Mirth, Edith Wharton [reread] 45. A Death at the Dionysus Club, Amy Griswold and Melissa Scott [reread. I love these books so dearly, and I think every time through I enjoy them more--the subtlety in the handling of the characters' emotional development is so lovely, and not underdone, while still being realistically restrained.]

[ro-nikk]

Movie

Film industry: ' Bounce Marley: One Love' Gets Together $7.4 Million on Friday, 'Madame Web' Falls Behind With $4.3 Million kingsley ben adir sway marley one love Central Pictures/Everett Assortment

Central's "Sway Marley: One Love" proceeded with its run as film industry pioneer through the particular six-day occasion outline, including $7.4 million Friday from 3,539 areas to knock its homegrown count to $25.3 million. The reggae legend's biopic could even surpass Sony's superhero film "Madame Web," which brought in $4.3 million from 4,013 theaters on Friday, after six days. North American take for the Wonder Comics variation presently remains at $12.5 million.

Both films opened on Valentine's Day and hope to continue their momentum through President's Day. On Wednesday, "One Love" established itself with an impressive $14 million, helped along by a few high-end large-format theaters (Madame Web has the majority, though). However the Reinaldo Marcus Green-coordinated show landed unremarkable surveys, it reverberated with early crowds, capturing an "A" grade from assessor Film Score. Principal caused a stir when it drop-kicked the film from an additional honors accommodating January date to the February occasion, yet the film appears to have tracked down an energetic crowd in its new right on the money the schedule. "One Love" conveys a $70 million creation spending plan and extra circulation and promoting costs. The projected six-day homegrown introduction north of $40 million, in addition to a significant worldwide total, is certainly not a terrible spot to "One Love." Given Marley's global appeal, the film is a play for international audiences. It should continue attracting crowds the next few weeks to not stress over a thing.

"One Love" stars Kingsley Ben-Adir as Bob Marley and Lashana Lynch as Rita Marley. The component tracks the performer's European and African visit, as well as the creation of his milestone collection "Mass migration."

"Madame Web" scored far more detestable surveys and some horrendous crowd scores (a "C+" through Film Score). Half a month prior, the independent comic book transformation had been projecting a six-day complete north of $30 million; presently, it'll probably complete nearer to $20 million. It's an unpropitious start up for an undertaking that was logical imagined and created as an establishment starter.

However Sony is a piece less shower with its superhuman financial plans than contenders at Disney and Warner Brothers., a $80 million creation financial plan and extra showcasing costs aren't precisely an unassuming speculation set-up for a secure return. Furthermore, memes that refer to Sony's less-than-stellar track record among superhero fans reinforce the rejection of "Madame Web," making it practically a separate online culture (see: Morbius, a vampire action film starring Jared Leto "Madame Web" might not be able to overcome the negative publicity.

Dakota Johnson stars in "Madame Web" as a that paramedic she has visionary capacities and starts to safeguard a threesome of young people from the wall-creeping executioner that killed her mom. Sydney Sweeney, Tahar Rahim, Isabela Merced, Celeste O'Connor, Emma Roberts, Adam Scott and Zosia Mamet ("Young ladies") likewise star. S.J. Clarkson coordinates.

"Argylle" will probably tumble to third place, extending a 32% fall in its third end of the week. The production produced by Apple Studios has proven to be the year's first well-known failure. The film, which has a big cast and cost the tech company more than $200 million, won't even make $40 million in the US in its first 17 days of release.

Even after its holiday debut, Universal's "Migration" is still challenging for third place. The Brightening creation ought to push to $116 million homegrown as the day progressed. Theaters will at last get another high-profile energized film for family crowds with "Kung Fu Panda 4" on Walk 8.

Understand Occasion's arrival of the religious television series "The Picked" could push "Wonka" out of the best five in its tenth few days of delivery. The Timothée Chalamet melodic keeps on being a reasonable attract an extremely peaceful commercial center, logical adding another $4 million or so through the four-day occasion outline. Homegrown count ought to before long hit $210 million, somewhat away from outperforming "Insect Man and the Wasp: Quantumania" ($214 million) to turn into the seventh-most noteworthy netting North American arrival of 2023.

[immobiliter]

CAMINA DRUMMER'S MASS EFFECT VERSE CHEATSHEET

A link to this is going on her page too, but here is a complete bio for Camina's ME au for anyone uninitiated to her canon. These are also the basic details that take her up to her canon introduction in s2 of the Expanse; I have noted ideas below it for where I envision her ending up, but I am very much open to tweaking that on a case by case basis depending on what I plot with her.

Background:

Born 2152 on Gargarin Station in the Sol System, five years before the First Contact War and three years after the discovery of Prothean artefacts on Mars / Charon Relay ( station became known as Jump Zero as it was the base for attempts at faster-than-light travel before the discovery and development of mass effect field technology ).

Following the development of this technology and expansion of space stations and colonies across the Sol system and beyond, Gargarin Station became somewhat redundant, with governmental and Alliance funding being cut. This created a diaspora of the spacers on board, with Camina joining up, along with many of them, to an OPA-style ( the main "terrorist" belter group within the Expanse, known as the Outer Planets Alliance ) branch of Cerberus.

A young and capable spacer as she was, Camina firstly ran with a cell of Cerberus that was led by Anderson Dawes on board the Citadel. Anderson Dawes was one of the many spacers made redundant at Gargarin by the development of mass effect field technology and channelled his frustration into his cell. This was a group disillusioned with C-Sec, the Alliance's handling of the situation on Gargarin Station and the conditions of humans (along with some other species) who had just moved into the station following the end of the First Contact War and peace with the galactic community. This erupted as many violent and terrorist incidents on the station, which helped contribute to the image of Cerberus as a xenophobic, anti-alien institution.

Dawes was eventually run off the Citadel and retreated to Ceres Station in the Asteroid Belt of the Sol System. Here, he all but ruled the station, too influential for station and Alliance officials to completely subdue, and the violent clashes between the groups continued. Dawes fought for the welfare of the spacers who toiled at the station for meagre air and water rations when compared to their overseers, and wanted better equality and representation within the Systems Alliance for those spacers without money, power or familial history within the institution. He wanted these collective spacers to fight back not just across the station, but across colonies and space stations all over the galaxy.

Camina did not see violence as the solution, and it was the arrival of Fred Johnson to Ceres Station, an ex-Alliance soldier in disgrace, that finally gave her an out. Fred was a Captain in the Alliance who not only fought in the First Contact War but went on to help police the space around Arcturus Station from pirates. But he became notorious when Anderson Station, another space station within the Asteroid Belt, was overrun by insurgents and Fred led the charge to retake the station. His team massacred 173 armed insurgents and over a thousand civilians. The civilian casualties were brushed under the carpet by the Alliance and he was universally lauded for his actions — but amongst the human spacers growing discontented on Ceres, the Citadel and throughout the populated galaxy, he became known as the Butcher of Anderson Station.

Horrified and guilty for his actions, Fred resigned from the Alliance and publicly apologised for his actions on Anderson Station. Withdrawing underground, he ended up on Ceres where he was recruited into Cerberus by Anderson Dawes, and saw a means to make amends for his actions and improve welfare for humans and other species all over the galaxy.

He and Camina soon left Ceres Station and headed for Terminus, where they intended to found their own branch of Cerberus — one that did not resort to violence, but wished to work alongside the Alliance to improve things for all. There, they arrived at Tycho Station, a ship manufacturing and engineering headquarters in the Terminus Systems. Fred's charisma and leadership skills eventually earned him the title of chief of operations, with Camina taking on the role of his second in command. While outwardly the station was known for being one of the most productive and reliable ship repair yards in all of Terminus, Fred was secretly funding both Cerberus and the Alliance, trying to maintain respect and influence with both so that he could one day broker a resolution between them.

Important Notes:

There are several paths that Camina can take depending on choices made in ME2/how the narrative plays out.

She can either remain with Cerberus post-ME2, in which case she joins forces with ex-space pirate and Cerberus member Klaes Ashford to captain the Behemoth, a human-spacer marvel of a ship that the Illusive Man intends to use in his pursuit of controlling the Reapers. She and Ashford can be recruited as war assets to stop the Reapers instead of following through with the Illusive Man's plan.

Or she can be persuaded that Cerberus is fundamentally broken and detach herself from politics completely, branching off to become the captain of a space pirate fleet. She can again be recruited as a war asset in ME3.

Camina is a belter within her home canon, meaning that she grew up in the vacuum of space and has never stepped foot on a planet ( the most equivalent to spacers within the ME world ). Belters have their own culture and their own language, known as langue belter or belter creole. It's not only made up of its own words and phrases, but also sign language that made communication between people wearing vac suits a lot easier than the spoken word.

Within the world of ME, humanity's exploration and colonisation of the stars happened at a much more accelerated pace than within the Expanse, but I like to think that an equivalent-esque language and culture has sprung up among spacers over the decades. Camina doesn't use as many words and phrases as she does in her canon, but I will scatter them in from time to time.

[dilflover248]

introduction !!

atm this blog is just for me to personally rant and just talk abt interesting things that happens in my day lols

i don’t really like talking much abt myself atm so i’ll just go straight into it

uhhh i have like a couple of teachers that i have crushes on but i’ll just introduce the main ones ig !

first up there’s ‘C’ aka my lover, soon to be husband and my baby pookie 🌟 hes like my number one ‼️ also would like to mention the fact this man looks exactly like AARON TAYLOR JOHNSON. god. (i’ll mostly be talking abt him on here) he teaches maths but only to the dumber sets so i don’t have him unfortunately 💔

secodnly we have ‘D’ okay… sooooo kind of like a love hate relationship??? sometimes i love him sometimes i hate him and sometimes i want to absolutely ride his dick !! he has a massive fucking head and a buttchin but he’s so cuteee and like i KNOWW that this is a grown ass man but likeee he can be so funny 😭😭 oh and he teaches science lols

[newsguide0]

No. 1 Houston tunes out 'home' advantage of underdog Purdue

Feb 24, 2025; Lubbock, Texas, USA; Houston Cougars guard LJ Cryer (4) during team introductions before the game against the Texas Tech Red Raiders at United Supermarkets Arena. Mandatory Credit: Michael C. Johnson-Imagn Images INDIANAPOLIS — Kelvin Sampson and Houston are tuning out nostalgia and naysayers with a goal of tunnel vision when the top-seeded Cougars take the court against Purdue at…

[wankerwatch]

Lords Vote

On: Non-Domestic Rating (Multipliers and Private Schools) Bill

Lord Thurlow moved Motion N1, as an amendment to Motion N, at end to insert “, and do propose amendment 13B in lieu— 13B After Clause 4, insert the following new Clause— “Review: threshold effect (1) The Secretary of State must undertake a review of how the provisions in this Act may affect businesses whose rateable value is close to £500,000. (2) The review must consider the merits of a separate Use Class and associated multiplier for retail services provided by fulfilment warehouses that do not have a material presence on local high streets, to apply in England. (3) Experts in the sector must be consulted to inform the review, including but not limited to— (a) the Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors; (b) the Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation; (c) the Rating Surveyors’ Association. (4) The Secretary of State must lay the review under subsection (1) before Parliament within six months of the day on which this Act is passed.”” The House divided:

Ayes: 277 (67.5% Con, 20.6% LD, 6.9% XB, 3.2% , 1.1% DUP, 0.7% UUP) Noes: 162 (88.3% Lab, 11.1% XB, 0.6% ) Absent: ~417

Likely Referenced Bill: Non-Domestic Rating (Multipliers and Private Schools) Bill

Description: A Bill to make provision for, and in connection with, the introduction of higher non-domestic rating multipliers as regards large business hereditaments, and lower non-domestic rating multipliers as regards retail, hospitality and leisure hereditaments, in England and for the removal of charitable relief from non-domestic rates for private schools in England.

Originating house: Commons Current house: Lords Bill Stage: Consideration of Commons amendments and / or reasons

Individual Votes:

Ayes

Conservative (187 votes)

Agnew of Oulton, L. Ahmad of Wimbledon, L. Altrincham, L. Anelay of St Johns, B. Arbuthnot of Edrom, L. Ashcombe, L. Attlee, E. Bailey of Paddington, L. Balfe, L. Banner, L. Barran, B. Bates, L. Bellingham, L. Berridge, B. Bethell, L. Biggar, L. Black of Brentwood, L. Blencathra, L. Bloomfield of Hinton Waldrist, B. Booth, L. Booth-Smith, L. Borwick, L. Bottomley of Nettlestone, B. Bourne of Aberystwyth, L. Brady of Altrincham, L. Bray of Coln, B. Browning, B. Buscombe, B. Caine, L. Caithness, E. Callanan, L. Camoys, L. Camrose, V. Carrington of Fulham, L. Cash, B. Cathcart, E. Coffey, B. Courtown, E. Crathorne, L. Cruddas, L. Davies of Gower, L. De Mauley, L. Dobbs, L. Douglas-Miller, L. Duncan of Springbank, L. Dundee, E. Dunlop, L. Eaton, B. Eccles, V. Effingham, E. Evans of Bowes Park, B. Evans of Guisborough, L. Evans of Rainow, L. Fairfax of Cameron, L. Fink, L. Finn, B. Fookes, B. Forsyth of Drumlean, L. Foster of Oxton, B. Frost, L. Fuller, L. Garnier, L. Gascoigne, L. Geddes, L. Gilbert of Panteg, L. Godson, L. Goldie, B. Goldsmith of Richmond Park, L. Goodman of Wycombe, L. Goschen, V. Hamilton of Epsom, L. Hannan of Kingsclere, L. Harding of Winscombe, B. Harlech, L. Hayward, L. Henley, L. Hintze, L. Hodgson of Abinger, B. Hodgson of Astley Abbotts, L. Holmes of Richmond, L. Hooper, B. Horam, L. Howard of Lympne, L. Howard of Rising, L. Howe, E. Howell of Guildford, L. Hunt of Wirral, L. Jackson of Peterborough, L. Jamieson, L. Jenkin of Kennington, B. Johnson of Lainston, L. Johnson of Marylebone, L. Kamall, L. Kempsell, L. Kirkhope of Harrogate, L. Laing of Elderslie, B. Lamont of Lerwick, L. Lancaster of Kimbolton, L. Lansley, L. Lawlor, B. Lea of Lymm, B. Leicester, E. Leigh of Hurley, L. Lexden, L. Lilley, L. Lingfield, L. Liverpool, E. Lucas, L. Mackinlay of Richborough, L. Magan of Castletown, L. Mancroft, L. Manzoor, B. Markham, L. Marland, L. Maude of Horsham, L. McColl of Dulwich, L. McInnes of Kilwinning, L. McIntosh of Pickering, B. McLoughlin, L. Meyer, B. Minto, E. Mobarik, B. Monckton of Dallington Forest, B. Morris of Bolton, B. Moylan, L. Moynihan of Chelsea, L. Moynihan, L. Murray of Blidworth, L. Naseby, L. Neville-Jones, B. Neville-Rolfe, B. Newlove, B. Noakes, B. Northbrook, L. Norton of Louth, L. O'Neill of Bexley, B. Offord of Garvel, L. Owen of Alderley Edge, B. Parkinson of Whitley Bay, L. Patten, L. Pickles, L. Pidding, B. Polak, L. Popat, L. Porter of Fulwood, B. Porter of Spalding, L. Randall of Uxbridge, L. Rawlings, B. Reay, L. Redfern, B. Remnant, L. Robathan, L. Roborough, L. Rock, B. Sanderson of Welton, B. Sandhurst, L. Sater, B. Scott of Bybrook, B. Seccombe, B. Sharma, L. Sharpe of Epsom, L. Sherbourne of Didsbury, L. Shields, B. Shinkwin, L. Smith of Hindhead, L. Stedman-Scott, B. Stowell of Beeston, B. Strathcarron, L. Strathclyde, L. Sugg, B. Taylor of Holbeach, L. Trefgarne, L. Trenchard, V. True, L. Tugendhat, L. Udny-Lister, L. Vaizey of Didcot, L. Vere of Norbiton, B. Verma, B. Waldegrave of North Hill, L. Wharton of Yarm, L. Willetts, L. Williams of Trafford, B. Wrottesley, L. Young of Acton, L. Young of Cookham, L. Younger of Leckie, V.

Liberal Democrat (57 votes)

Addington, L. Bakewell of Hardington Mandeville, B. Barker, B. Beith, L. Benjamin, B. Bonham-Carter of Yarnbury, B. Bowles of Berkhamsted, B. Bradshaw, L. Brinton, B. Bruce of Bennachie, L. Burnett, L. Clement-Jones, L. Dholakia, L. Doocey, B. Featherstone, B. Foster of Bath, L. Fox, L. German, L. Goddard of Stockport, L. Hamwee, B. Humphreys, B. Hussain, L. Hussein-Ece, B. Janke, B. Kramer, B. Lee of Trafford, L. Ludford, B. Mohammed of Tinsley, L. Newby, L. Northover, B. Pack, L. Palmer of Childs Hill, L. Parminter, B. Pidgeon, B. Pinnock, B. Purvis of Tweed, L. Rennard, L. Russell, E. Scott of Needham Market, B. Scriven, L. Sharkey, L. Sheehan, B. Shipley, L. Smith of Newnham, B. Stoneham of Droxford, L. Storey, L. Strasburger, L. Suttie, B. Teverson, L. Thomas of Gresford, L. Thomas of Winchester, B. Thornhill, B. Tope, L. Wallace of Saltaire, L. Wallace of Tankerness, L. Walmsley, B. Wrigglesworth, L.

Crossbench (19 votes)

Aberdare, L. Bilimoria, L. Carter of Haslemere, L. Cavendish of Little Venice, B. Chartres, L. Cromwell, L. D'Souza, B. Deech, B. Erroll, E. Hampton, L. Inglewood, L. Kinnoull, E. Londesborough, L. Peel, E. Russell of Liverpool, L. Sentamu, L. Somerset, D. Thurlow, L. Vaux of Harrowden, L.

Non-affiliated (9 votes)

Cooper of Windrush, L. Faulks, L. Foster of Aghadrumsee, B. Fox of Buckley, B. Harrington of Watford, L. Hoey, B. Paddick, L. Prior of Brampton, L. Rosenfield, L.

Democratic Unionist Party (3 votes)

Browne of Belmont, L. Morrow, L. Weir of Ballyholme, L.

Ulster Unionist Party (2 votes)

Elliott of Ballinamallard, L. Rogan, L.

Noes

Labour (143 votes)

Adams of Craigielea, B. Alexander of Cleveden, B. Alli, L. Anderson of Stoke-on-Trent, B. Anderson of Swansea, L. Ashton of Upholland, B. Bach, L. Barber of Ainsdale, L. Bassam of Brighton, L. Beamish, L. Beckett, B. Berger, B. Berkeley, L. Blackstone, B. Blake of Leeds, B. Blower, B. Blunkett, L. Boateng, L. Bousted, B. Bradley, L. Brennan of Canton, L. Brooke of Alverthorpe, L. Brown of Silvertown, B. Browne of Ladyton, L. Bryan of Partick, B. Caine of Kentish Town, B. Campbell-Savours, L. Carberry of Muswell Hill, B. Chakrabarti, B. Chandos, V. Clark of Windermere, L. Coaker, L. Collins of Highbury, L. Cryer, L. Davidson of Glen Clova, L. Davies of Brixton, L. Debbonaire, B. Donaghy, B. Drake, B. Dubs, L. Eatwell, L. Elliott of Whitburn Bay, B. Evans of Sealand, L. Falconer of Thoroton, L. Faulkner of Worcester, L. Foulkes of Cumnock, L. Golding, B. Goldsmith, L. Goudie, B. Grantchester, L. Gray of Tottenham, B. Griffin of Princethorpe, B. Hacking, L. Hain, L. Hannett of Everton, L. Hanson of Flint, L. Hanworth, V. Harris of Haringey, L. Haskel, L. Hayman of Ullock, B. Hayter of Kentish Town, B. Hazarika, B. Healy of Primrose Hill, B. Hendy of Richmond Hill, L. Hendy, L. Hermer, L. Hollick, L. Howarth of Newport, L. Hunt of Kings Heath, L. Hunter of Auchenreoch, B. Jones of Penybont, L. Jones of Whitchurch, B. Jones, L. Katz, L. Kennedy of Cradley, B. Kennedy of Southwark, L. Kennedy of The Shaws, B. Khan of Burnley, L. Knight of Weymouth, L. Lawrence of Clarendon, B. Lemos, L. Lennie, L. Leong, L. Levitt, B. Liddell of Coatdyke, B. Liddle, L. Lipsey, L. Lister of Burtersett, B. Livermore, L. Longfield, B. Mann, L. Mattinson, B. McCabe, L. McIntosh of Hudnall, B. McNicol of West Kilbride, L. Merron, B. Monks, L. Moraes, L. Morgan of Drefelin, B. Morris of Yardley, B. Murphy of Torfaen, L. Nye, B. O'Grady of Upper Holloway, B. Parekh, L. Pitkeathley of Camden Town, L. Pitkeathley, B. Ponsonby of Shulbrede, L. Prentis of Leeds, L. Ramsay of Cartvale, B. Ramsey of Wall Heath, B. Raval, L. Rees of Easton, L. Reid of Cardowan, L. Ritchie of Downpatrick, B. Rook, L. Sahota, L. Sherlock, B. Sikka, L. Smith of Basildon, B. Smith of Malvern, B. Snape, L. Stansgate, V. Taylor of Bolton, B. Taylor of Stevenage, B. Thornton, B. Timpson, L. Touhig, L. Tunnicliffe, L. Twycross, B. Vallance of Balham, L. Warwick of Undercliffe, B. Watson of Invergowrie, L. Watson of Wyre Forest, L. Watts, L. Wheeler, B. Whitaker, B. Whitty, L. Wilcox of Newport, B. Wilson of Sedgefield, L. Winterton of Doncaster, B. Wood of Anfield, L. Woodley, L. Young of Old Scone, B.

Crossbench (18 votes)

Boycott, B. Burns, L. Carlile of Berriew, L. Colville of Culross, V. Craig of Radley, L. Grabiner, L. Hannay of Chiswick, L. Hayman, B. Hogan-Howe, L. Hope of Craighead, L. Kerr of Kinlochard, L. Laming, L. Loomba, L. Mawson, L. McDonald of Salford, L. Pannick, L. Prashar, B. Walney, L.

Non-affiliated (1 vote)

Brennan, L.

[vijay34]

Surface Disinfectant Market Size, Share, and Industry Analysis

Rising Hygiene Awareness and Infection Control Measures Drive Growth in the Surface Disinfectant Market.

The Surface Disinfectant Market size was valued at USD 5.4 billion in 2023, and is expected to reach USD 10.3 billion by 2032, and grow at a CAGR of 7.5% over the forecast period 2024-2032.

The global surface disinfectant market is driven by increasing awareness of hygiene, infection control, and sanitation standards across various sectors. Surface disinfectants are crucial in healthcare, food & beverage, residential, and commercial spaces to prevent the spread of harmful pathogens, bacteria, and viruses. The COVID-19 pandemic further accelerated the demand for effective and long-lasting disinfectant solutions, prompting innovation in bio-based, alcohol-free, and hospital-grade disinfectants. Additionally, government regulations and workplace safety protocols are driving the adoption of disinfectants in high-touch areas.

Key Players in the Surface Disinfectant Market

3M Company (C. diff Solution Tablets, HB Quat Disinfectant Cleaner)

BASF SE (Glutaraldehyde-based disinfectants, Hydrogen peroxide solutions)

Diversey Holdings, Ltd. (Oxivir TB, Virex II 256)

Ecolab (Oasis Pro 66, Peroxide Multi Surface Cleaner and Disinfectant)

Evonik Industries AG (Vestocide, Protectol PE)

GOJO Industries, Inc. (PURELL Healthcare Surface Disinfectant, PURELL Professional Surface Disinfectant)

Henkel AG & Co. KGaA (Pril Surface Cleaner, Bref Power Cleaner)

Johnson & Johnson Consumer Health (Band-Aid Antiseptic Wash, Neosporin Wound Cleanser)

Kimberley-Clark Corporation (KCWW) (Kimcare Antibacterial Surface Cleaner, Scott 24 Hour Sanitizing Wipes)

Medline Industries (Micro-Kill R2, Micro-Kill One Germicidal Alcohol Wipes)

Future Scope and Emerging Trends

The surface disinfectant market is evolving with a strong focus on sustainability, efficiency, and advanced disinfection technologies. With growing concerns over chemical exposure and antimicrobial resistance, manufacturers are developing eco-friendly, non-toxic, and biodegradable disinfectants. The introduction of UV-based and electrostatic spray disinfection systems, along with AI-powered smart disinfection monitoring, is transforming hygiene protocols across industries. Additionally, demand for long-lasting antimicrobial coatings and self-disinfecting surfaces is rising in healthcare, transportation, and hospitality sectors. As regulatory agencies push for safer formulations with minimal environmental impact, companies are investing in green chemistry and innovative disinfection solutions to meet market demands.

Key Points

Rising Demand for Hygiene & Infection Control: Increased use in hospitals, public spaces, and workplaces.

Shift Toward Sustainable Solutions: Development of eco-friendly and biodegradable disinfectants.

Technological Advancements: Growth of UV disinfection, electrostatic spraying, and smart monitoring systems.

Regulatory Compliance: Stricter global guidelines for disinfection and sanitation products.

Growing Commercial & Residential Adoption: Increased use of surface disinfectants in homes, schools, and offices.

Conclusion

The surface disinfectant market is set for continued expansion, driven by health and safety awareness, regulatory enforcement, and advancements in disinfection technology. Companies investing in green formulations, innovative application methods, and smart hygiene solutions will lead the market. As industries and households prioritize effective and sustainable disinfection practices, the demand for next-generation surface disinfectants will continue to rise globally.

Read Full Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/reports/surface-disinfectant-market-3602                         

Contact Us:

Jagney Dave — Vice President of Client Engagement

Phone: +1–315 636 4242 (US) | +44- 20 3290 5010 (UK)

[alicevgcna]

Master the CNA License Exam: Essential Tips and Strategies for Success

Master the CNA Licence Exam: Essential Tips and Strategies for Success

Introduction

Becoming a Certified Nursing Assistant ‍(CNA) is an important step ⁢for anyone wishing to build‍ a career in healthcare. The CNA license exam is a crucial hurdle that requires readiness,understanding,and ⁤strategy to conquer.​ This ⁤article will ⁢provide​ you ⁣with essential tips and strategies to master the CNA license exam with confidence. From study‍ techniques to stress management, we’ll cover ⁣everything you‍ need to ​know‌ to pave‌ your ‌path to success.

Understanding‌ the ⁢CNA License Exam

The CNA ‌exam typically consists ‌of two parts: a written ⁤or oral examination and a skills evaluation. Understanding‍ the structure and ‍content of the exam is paramount for effective preparation.

Written Exam: Covers various topics including basic human⁤ anatomy, patient care skills, ⁢interaction methods,‍ and infection control.

Skills Evaluation: ⁢ Tests your⁤ ability to perform specific patient care ⁣tasks in a controlled surroundings.

Essential Tips for Passing⁤ the CNA Exam

1. Create a Study Plan

A⁤ well-structured study plan allows you to cover all necessary material systematically.

Allocate time for each subject area based on your​ strengths and weaknesses.

use a calendar to keep track of your⁢ study sessions and deadlines.

2. Utilize ‍Official Resources

Refer to resources provided by your state nursing board or the National council ⁢of State boards ‌of Nursing (NCSBN).

Practice with state-specific CNA exam study ‍guides.

Take advantage of practice exams‍ available online.

3.Join a Study Group

Collaborating with ⁢peers⁣ can enhance your understanding and retention ‍of data.

Engage in discussions about challenging topics.

Quiz each other on key concepts and ​skills.

4. Focus on Skills Practice

The‍ skills evaluation tests your practical knowledge through demonstrations. Here’s ⁤how to prepare:

Practice the most common skills, including taking vital signs, bathing, and⁤ transferring patients.

Watch online tutorials for ⁣visual guidance.

Managing Exam Stress

Feeling anxious about the⁢ exam is normal. ​Here are some vital strategies to manage⁢ that stress:

Practice Relaxation Techniques: Techniques such as deep breathing or meditation can reduce anxiety.

Get Adequate Rest: Sleep is vital before the exam; make it a priority in your study plan.

Stay physically Active: Regular exercise can definitely help manage stress and improve your mood.

Benefits of⁢ Obtaining a CNA License

Pursuing a CNA license not only opens the door to‌ a career⁢ in healthcare​ but ⁢offers numerous personal and professional benefits:

Gain hands-on experience in the healthcare field.

Develop essential‍ skills in patient care and communication.

Enhance your resume and ⁣increase your job opportunities.

Case Studies: Success ​Stories

Name

Preparation Method

Outcome

Jane Doe

Utilized online resources ​and practiced daily‍ with a study group.

Passed with high marks on‍ her first attempt.

John ​Smith

Followed a structured study schedule and attended review workshops.

Achieved ⁢his⁤ CNA license successfully.

Emily Johnson

Focused heavily on hands-on practice through simulations.

Excelled​ in the skills evaluation test.

first-Hand experience

Speaking to others who have recently taken the CNA exam can provide valuable insights. Many former test-takers emphasize the importance of staying‌ calm ⁤and focusing on your strengths during the test. One candidate mentioned, “I walked into the skills evaluation confident because I had practiced repeatedly, and it made all the difference.” Use these shared experiences as motivation​ to prepare thoroughly.

Conclusion

Successfully passing the CNA license exam can ‍be‍ your gateway to ⁣a rewarding career in healthcare. By following these essential tips and strategies,you are sure to enhance your preparation and boost your confidence. Remember to create a study plan, practice⁤ your skills, manage your stress, and learn⁣ from the experiences of others. With dedication and the⁤ right tactics, you can master the CNA license exam and take the first step towards a fulfilling profession. Good luck!

https://cnaclassesonline.net/master-the-cna-license-exam-essential-tips-and-strategies-for-success/

[jcmcri]

EVALUATION OF THE WOUND HEALING EFFECT OF THE CARBONIZED SEED POD OF PENTACLETHRA MACROPHYLLA BENTH IN DIABETIC FOOT ULCER by Johnson–Ajinwo in  Journal of Clinical & Medical Case Reports, Images (JCMCRI) ISSN: 3064-8025

Introduction

Diabetes, a global disease estimated to have a global burden of about 693 million individuals by 2045 [1] is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormalities in insulin secretion, action, or both. Diabetic patients are more likely to get wounds, and these wounds frequently require more time to heal because of a variety of issues including immunological dysfunction, vascular disease, and neuropathy [2]. Diabetes-related wounds pose a substantial risk to one's health because they might result in amputation, infections, or even death [3]. The pathophysiology of DFU is multifaceted and is an interlink between the neuropathic, vascular, and immune systems [4]. Because neuropathy results in decreased sensation, a diabetic patient may develop a cut on the foot and would not notice until an ulcer is formed. Also, diabetic nerves are poorly perfused, and the wound-healing process is slower than usual due to the slow migration of inflammatory mediators to the injury site [5]. Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFUs) are significant comorbidities of diabetes mellitus that demand medical attention and have the potential to be fatal. DFU affects 19–34 % of diabetics at some point in their lives, and 9.1–26.1 million people are estimated to get DFU annually by the International Diabetes Federation [6]. In the UK, population-based cohort research indicated that 5% of the study population developed foot ulcers, with 5% of those developing new ulcers dying within the first 12 months of ulcer development and a death rate of 42.2% for those with foot ulcers [7].

Additionally, patients with DFU experience higher morbidity, a greater burden of healthcare contacts, a lower quality of life related to their health, and a worse psychosocial adjustment [8]. The current management of DFU includes Offloading, surgical debridement, use of topical dressings, and achieving glycemic control [9].

African oil bean tree or Pentaclethra macrophylla, is a plant with a long history of traditional use for wound healing. Alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins are among the bioactive substances found in Pentaclethra macrophylla seeds [10]. Research has demonstrated that these compounds have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties [11, 12]. Furthermore, the leaves of this plant have been shown to reduce blood glucose levels. Hence, these properties suggest that Pentaclethra macrophylla might be useful as a DFU treatment [13].

MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1 COLLECTION OF PLANT MATERIAL The seed pod of the Pentaclethra macrophylla plant was collected from a bio-reserve in Ethiope West LGA of Delta State, Nigeria on February 2023. Soon after collection, the seed pods were cleaned and shade-dried. The plant was identified, confirmed, and authenticated by Dr. Suleiman, a Taxonomist in the Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Port Harcourt Rivers State, Nigeria. (Voucher No: UPHF0598). A voucher specimen of the plant was deposited in the Departmental herbarium for future reference. After drying, they were crushed to a powder and stored in an airtight plastic container for further use.

2.2 EXTRACTION The crushed seed pod powder was weighed and then carbonized at 550 - 600°C in a Muffle furnace. The carbonized sample was properly crushed into fine particles and sieved through a 125um sieve.

2.3 QUALITY CONTROL PARAMETERS Coarse powder of the seed pod of Pentaclethra macrophylla was used to perform quality control test which include the determination of acid-insoluble ash and water-soluble ash.

2.3.1 Acid insoluble ash (AIA): 40ml of concentrated HCl was diluted with distilled water to make the volume 100ml and was stored in an amber glass bottle. About 2gm of the powdered drug was weighed accurately into a tared silica crucible and incinerated at 450°C in a muffle furnace until free from carbon. 25ml of the 40% HCl solution was poured into the crucible with the ash and boiled for 5 minutes. After which, it was filtered with an ash-less filter paper, and the crucible was properly rinsed with additional hot water to ensure that no residue of HCl was left in the filter paper. The crucible and the lid were placed inside the hot air oven at 130°C for about 20 minutes, then cooled in the desiccator and weighed blank. The filter paper was transferred into the prepared crucible and incinerated at 450°C in a muffle furnace until free from carbon. The crucible containing the acid-insoluble ash was cooled and weighed. The percentage of acid-insoluble ash was calculated as follows with reference to the air-dried substance. The procedure for the acid-insoluble and water-soluble ash was carried out according to the procedure of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists [14]. Results were calculated as,

Acid insoluble ash = Wf - Wc/ Ws Where, Wf = Crucible + Ash weight Wc = Crucible weight Ws = Sample weight 2.3.2 Water soluble ash: Same procedure as in acid insoluble ash. Where 25ml of 40% HCl solution was poured into the crucible with the ash and boiled for 5 minutes, 25ml of distilled water was used instead.

 2.4 FORMULATION OF CREAM The formula for cream formation is as follows: Plant Extract:                                      4%, 2.5%, 1% Emulsifying ointment:                        30% Shear butter                                         20% Purified water to                                 100% A 50 g preparation was made.

Preparation of emulsifying ointment: Formula got from Pharmaceutical codex 1979 Rx Emulsifying wax 300 g White soft paraffin 500 g Liquid paraffin 200 g The formula was reduced by 50%

Procedure for Formulation of Emulsifying Ointment The three ingredients were accurately weighed and/or measured and transferred into the glass container. Subsequently, they were melted over a water bath and stirred until cooled to form the emulsifying ointment.

Method of cream formation:

15 g of Emulsifying ointment and 10 g of shear butter were combined in a beaker and gently heated over a water bath until melted. 23 ml of purified water was measured into another beaker and placed over the water bath. The thermometer was used to regulate their temperature to 60 °C. The mixture was transferred into a porcelain mortar and stirred. A 2g of the carbonized extract was incorporated into this to give a 4% cream.

This base was then transferred into a wide-mouthed plastic jar, capped and labeled appropriately. For the 2.5% and 1% cream formulation, 1.25g and 0.5g of the plant powdered extract were added respectively in place of 2g. 23.75ml and 24.5ml of purified water were used respectively in place of 23ml.

The base was prepared following the method without incorporating the carbonized plant extract.

2.5       PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY 2.5.1    ANIMALS AND MANAGEMENT: Thirty-six (36) Wistar albino rats male and female weighing between 150 g - 200 g were obtained from the Department of Experimental Pharmacology & Toxicology Animal House, University of Port Harcourt. They were sorted, and housed in standard cages with housing conditions consisting of 12 hours of light and dark cycles. They were fed with standard rat pellets and water ad libitum. The rats were maintained at room temperature and allowed to acclimatize to the new environment for two weeks.

2.5.2 DRUG: Commercially available Dermazin cream and Glibenclamide were used as the control drug. The Dermazin was applied topically over the wound area while the glibenclamide was administered orally.

 2.5.3 Induction of Diabetes: Diabetes was induced in the rats by using Alloxan Monohydrate (Sigma-Aldrich), a compound that has preferential toxicity towards pancreatic beta cells. Diabetic conditions were induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of Alloxan at a concentration of 150 mg/kg body weight in overnight fasted rats [15]. After three days of induction, blood samples were collected from the tail and measured using an Accu-Check glucometer. Animals with fasting blood glucose levels from 10 mMol/L and above were considered diabetic.

2.5.4 Evaluation of Wound Healing Effect of Pentaclethra Macrophylla on Excision Wound: On the fourth day after the induction of the Alloxan, the diabetic rats were randomly classified into 9 groups. Group 1 (Diabetic wounded and treated with cream base)

Group 2 (Diabetic wounded and treated with Dermazin cream + Glibenclamide) Group 3 (Diabetic wounded and treated with Dermazin cream) Group 4 (Diabetic wounded and untreated) Group 5 (Non-diabetic wounded and untreated) Group 6 (Diabetic wounded and treated with 4% cream of carbonized plant sample) Group 7 (Diabetic wounded and treated with 2.5% cream of carbonized plant sample) Group 8 (Diabetic wounded and treated with 1% cream of carbonized plant sample) Group 9 (Diabetic wounded and treated with 2.5% cream of carbonized plant sample + Glibenclamide)

Induction of Wound On the wounding day, the rats were anaesthetized with diethyl ether. prior to the creation of the wounds. The dorsal fur of the animals was shaved with an electric clipper and the area for excision was marked. Following proper aseptic techniques, a 1.5cm wound was created on the marked area. The wound was left for some days until it turned into an ulcer. The cream was applied gently to cover the ulcerated area once daily for 21 days. The wound area and rate of wound contraction were monitored [16].

 2.6       Estimation of Parameters Measurement of Wound Contraction: The wound healing progression was evaluated by the periodic measurement of the contraction of the excision site [17].

Wound contraction was monitored by tracing the outline of the wound on a tracing sheet and then using a graph sheet to calculate the area of the wound size. All animals in each group were monitored until complete healing of wounds occurred and the mean daily wound healing for all groups was calculated.

Wound healing was calculated by : 2.7 Histological Analysis of Tissues Following the conclusion of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed according to ethical guidelines and had histological tissue examination according to the procedure by Slaoui, et al [18].

 2.8       Statistical Analysis Tests were carried out in quadruplets and their values were expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). The One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significant differences amongst all groups against control and the P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. All statistical analysis was performed using Graph Pad Prism version 8.0 software.

RESULTS

3.1 Result of Quality Control Analysis Physicochemical analysis was carried out on the pulverized seed pod of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth. The acid-insoluble ash (AIA), and water-soluble ash were determined as represented in Table 1. The result contained in Table 1 shows that the extract is free of inorganic residue as only 1% of AIA is present in the carbonized sample; which is negligible.

3.2 Pharmacological Studies Results Following wound induction, images were taken across the various test groups to show the rate of wound healing. These images are presented below:

3.3: Fasting Blood Glucose Results Alloxan was used to induce diabetes in the test animals. Their blood glucose levels were measured before and after induction. These values are represented in Table 2.

3.4 RESULTS OF HISTOLOGY The results of the histological investigations on the wound healing activities of the various test samples and the control groups are presented in Figure 4 – 12 below.

Table 1: Showing physicochemical parameters of the seed pod of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth.

Figure 1: Wound contraction of different test groups on Days 1, 7 and 14.

Table 2: Table showing the blood sugar readings of the various groups, before induction, after induction, and on Days 7 and 14.

Table 3: Showing the mean and standard error of mean, of the wound contraction in centimeters (cm) on Days 7, 14 and 21.

Figure 2: Chart showing wound contraction in centimeters (cm) for control (Based treated, dermazin treated, diabetic and treated with dermazin plus drug, diabetic and untreated, non-diabetic and untreated, and test group (1% carbonized plant sample, 2.5% carbonized plant sample, 4% carbonized plant sample, 2.5% carbonized plant sample plus drug).

Figure 3: Chart of wound contraction in percentage (%) for control group (Based treated, dermazin treated, diabetic and treated with dermazin plus drug, diabetic and untreated, non-diabetic and untreated and test group (1% carbonized plant sample, 2.5% carbonized plant sample, 4% carbonized plant sample, 2.5% carbonized plant sample plus drug).

Figures 4 & 5

Figures 6 & 7

Figures 8 & 9

Figures 10 & 11

Figures 12: (2.5% CARBONIZED + DRUG) Photomicrograph of rat skin tissue showing distorted epidermal granules, scaring tissue, distinct collagen fibres with distinct nuclei. H & E, X400.

DISCUSSION

Pentaclethra macrophjylla Benth (Fabaceae) is a plant with a long history of traditional use in wound healing [10]. The result of the quality control analysis of the seed pod of Pentaclethra macrophylla is shown in Table 1. The acid-insoluble ash and water-soluble ash values are 1.0% and 2.5% respectively. High acid-insoluble ash values may indicate contamination or poor quality of the sample, affecting its suitability for various applications, while excessive water-soluble ash may suggest the presence of unwanted salts or substances, which can affect the product's quality, taste, or medicinal properties [19]. The low acid insoluble and water soluble ash values suggest that the sample has fewer non-volatile and inorganic contaminants.

DFU is a major complication of diabetes that results in increased hospitalization time, increased health costs, and even death [20].

The wound healing process is a myriad of events. These include homeostasis; the recruitment of platelets and other clotting factors in response to a leaking vessel, inflammation; which involves the invasion of macrophages and neutrophils to clear up any pathogens at the injury site, proliferation; which involves the keratinocytes and matrix deposition to enhance wound closure and remodeling; where collagen is remodeled to finish up the wound healing process [21]. The aim of this study was to compare the different strengths of the carbonized plant extract by evaluating their effectiveness in diabetic wound healing.

From the results obtained, the 2.5% + drug group gave the highest percentage of wound contraction. This was followed by the dermazin + drug group, which is not surprising as the drug; glibenclamide is a sulfonylurea that increases insulin sensitivity of cells. When comparing the Dermazin + drug and the 2.5% + drug groups, they both gave similar percentage wound contraction rates. However, comparing the 1%, 2.5%, and 4% carbonized drug groups, the 2.5% gave a comparable percentage of wound healing as the 4% group. While a comparison of the percentage contraction of the dermazin group to that of the 2.5 and 4% groups, revealed that these two groups demonstrated superior wound healing activities; pointing towards the powerful wound healing effects of the plant. When comparing the results of the 2.5% and 4% groups, it was bserved that the 4% group had a slightly higher wound healing rate from day 0 to 14, which was not statistically significant. But on day 21, the 2.5% treated group showed slightly better results; which were not statistically significant than that of the 4%; suggesting that the 2.5% extract would be the optimal dose for wound healing.

A comparison of the wound healing activities of the extracts and the positive standard, showed that the plant extracts gave a better wound healing profile. Despite the decline in the pursuit of natural products as potential drug leads, encouraging results, like this obtained by the plant extracts of P. macrophylla, provide hope for the use of natural products in disease treatment.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated the wound healing effect of the carbonized seed pod extracts of Pentaclethra macrophylla, with the 2.5% plant extract showing the optimal wound healing activity. This provides a foundation for further research on the plant and its potential as a therapeutic agent for diabetic foot ulcers.

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[fromdevcom]

Highly Influential Programming Books That Shaped the Coding World Programming is an ever-evolving discipline, and behind every great coder lies a wealth of knowledge gleaned from exceptional books. Some programming books have not only stood the test of time but also transformed the way we think about coding, design, and problem-solving. In this guide, we explore the most influential programming books that every programmer should read, regardless of experience level. 1. “The Pragmatic Programmer” by Andrew Hunt and David Thomas One of the most beloved books in the programming world, The Pragmatic Programmer offers practical advice and real-world tips to help developers of all levels improve their craft. With its emphasis on adaptability and problem-solving, this book is a must-read for anyone serious about coding. 2. “Clean Code: A Handbook of Agile Software Craftsmanship” by Robert C. Martin Robert C. Martin, also known as “Uncle Bob,” delivers a comprehensive guide to writing clean, maintainable, and efficient code. This book is a treasure trove of best practices and coding techniques that can elevate your programming skills to the next level. 3. “Code Complete: A Practical Handbook of Software Construction” by Steve McConnell Widely regarded as a bible for software construction, Code Complete dives deep into design, structure, and coding techniques. Whether you’re a novice or an experienced programmer, this book provides valuable insights to improve your approach to building software. 4. “You Don’t Know JS” (Series) by Kyle Simpson JavaScript often confuses even experienced developers, but this series demystifies the language by explaining its quirks and features in depth. Kyle Simpson’s approachable style makes complex topics accessible, ensuring you gain a solid understanding of JavaScript fundamentals and beyond. 5. “Introduction to Algorithms” by Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein This comprehensive textbook is essential for anyone diving into algorithms and data structures. It balances theoretical concepts with practical applications, making it a staple for computer science students and professionals. 6. “Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software” by Erich Gamma, Richard Helm, Ralph Johnson, and John Vlissides Commonly referred to as the “Gang of Four” book, Design Patterns introduces readers to reusable solutions to common software design problems. It’s a cornerstone for understanding object-oriented programming principles and best practices. 7. “Eloquent JavaScript” by Marijn Haverbeke This beautifully written book serves as an introduction to programming through the lens of JavaScript. Ideal for beginners, it combines clear explanations with practical exercises to help readers master coding fundamentals. 8. “Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs” by Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman Known simply as SICP, this book has profoundly influenced how programmers approach coding and problem-solving. Its deep dive into programming principles and functional programming concepts is invaluable for those looking to expand their horizons. 9. “The Art of Computer Programming” (Series) by Donald E. Knuth Donald Knuth’s series is a magnum opus on algorithms, programming techniques, and mathematical foundations of computer science. While it’s not for the faint of heart, those who delve into it are rewarded with unparalleled insights into the craft of programming. 10. “Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code” by Martin Fowler Refactoring is a critical skill for any programmer, and Martin Fowler’s book offers a systematic approach to making code cleaner and more efficient. The real-world examples make it an excellent guide for everyday coding challenges. Conclusion Whether you’re an aspiring programmer or a seasoned developer, these books offer timeless wisdom and practical guidance to enhance your skills.

From writing clean code to mastering complex algorithms, each book provides valuable insights that can transform your approach to programming.

[johnkatsmc5]

Busker's Dog “Sea To City” 2022 Australia Prog Pop Rock,Art Rock

full bandcamp

https://buskersdog.bandcamp.com/album/sea-to-city

"Pop-prog themed collection of interconnected songs - similar in approach to The Alan Parsons Project, song-era Mike Oldfield, Flight Facilities, etc. Male and female fronted songs, plus instrumentals. Guests include Tom Haran (The Expression) and Peter Lacey. The cover and booklet art ties in closely with the overall concept. As audiophile as possible within budget - mastered by Scott Hull at Masterdisk."....~ Busker´s Dog is the brainchild of Ian C. Thomas and Sea To City is his debut album. It is a collaboration with many singers and musicians, so maybe we should call this a project. According to the Bandcamp site, what we have here is a pop-prog collection of fourteen interconnected songs. I couldn't agree more with that description. Ian started a Kickstarter campaign to try to get funds to record the album. He explains how the songs already existed from lost projects, and he realised all of them belonged together, so he decided to connect them around a central theme. I guess that's the reason we have some shorts songs as interludes or introductions. I have to say they fit well in the mix and the album could be listened to as a whole even when the songs work as single pieces too. One thing I value a lot about this album is the overall cohesion even when we have many different female and male singers participating in each song. I have to highlight the quality of the vocals and the whole production too. The music is as one can expect from a pop-prog description: some Alan Parsons Project, some Beatles, some Bowie... Somehow this type of album and music reminds me of that great album called The Clutters Storyteller by Mesmerising but with less prog and more pop. I'm glad I picked this Sea To City from our review pipeline because I have discovered a great album that has left me wanting more. Very good vocals and melodies, great guitar playing, some sax parts (I love when someone includes the sax into prog music), flawless production and even an interesting artwork. To sum up this review I will stick to my first thought after my first listening: beautiful album!....~ Credits Double Bass – Steve Watson (29) (tracks: 13) Drums – Tom Doublier (tracks: 13) Electric Violin – Elaine Woods (2) (tracks: 7) Lead Vocals, Backing Vocals – Jennifer Thomas (10) (tracks: 1-4, 6, 8, 11-13), Laura Thomas (8) (tracks: 11), Peter Lacey (tracks: 7), Tom Haran (tracks: 1, 8, 10) Lead Vocals, Backing Vocals, Bass, Electric Guitar, Keyboards, Beats – Darren Johnson (13) (tracks: 1, 3-4, 6-14) Lead Vocals, Backing Vocals, Electric Guitar, Bass, Acoustic Guitar, Beats, Orchestra – Stuart Cardell (tracks: 1-3, 5, 9-14) Mastered By – Scott Hull (2) (tracks: 1-14) Mixed By – David Johansson (8) (tracks: 1-4, 6-8, 10, 12-14), Jesse Ford (tracks: 11), Stuart Cardell (tracks: 5, 9) Oboe – Angela Schleihauf (tracks: 11) Songwriter, Producer, Artwork, Cover, Lead Vocals, Backing Vocals, Keyboards, Piano, Bass, Tenor Saxophone, Alto Saxophone, 12-String Acoustic Guitar, Electric Guitar, Acoustic Guitar, Beats, Orchestra – Ian C. Thomas Tracklist 1 Sea To City Overture Lead Vocals – Tom Haran 1:20 2 Right Off The Map Lead Vocals – Stuart Cardell 2:31 3 Unforeseen Circumstances Lead Vocals – Jennifer Thomas 4:37 4 Beyond Words 0:59 5 Virtually Yours Lead Vocals – Ian C. Thomas 4:05 6 Rain Song Lead Vocals – Darren Johnson 2:58 7 The Night Fox Lead Vocals – Peter Lacey 4:16 8 Kissing In The New Year Lead Vocals – Jennifer Thomas 3:55 9 Floating Lead Vocals – Stuart Cardell 4:10 10 The Great Unknown Lead Vocals – Tom Haran 5:17 11 The Mahogany Ship Lead Vocals – Ian C. Thomas, Laura Thomas 7:05 12 Sea To City 2:44 13 I'll Wear Blue Lead Vocals – Darren Johnson 4:19 14 Keep Your Angel Alive Lead Vocals – Stuart Cardell 1:15

Busker's Dog “Sea To City” 2022 Australia Prog Pop Rock,Art Rock

https://johnkatsmc5.blogspot.com/2025/01/buskers-dog-sea-to-city-2022-australia.html?view=magazine