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afif-am · 5 years ago

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How Podcast Can Improve Your Language Proficiency

Antara siri podcast kegemaran penulis. Merangkumi dari genre sejarah, sukan, humor dan budaya pop.

“Macam mana nak perbaiki bahasa Inggeris/Arab aku eh?” Satu soalan yang kerap kali anda tanya/ditanya dan jawapan yang biasanya kita dengaq adalah "baca buku, bercakap, tengok movie/tv series, dengar lagu lain2." Walaupun cara2 tu berkesan kepada ramai orang, jarang aku dengar orang cerita atau cadangkan "Podcast”. Dan aku nampak potensi yang besar pada podcast untuk pembelajaran luar kelas.

Sesetengah orang mungkin tak tahu pun podcast tu wujud dan natang apa podcast tu. Haa..jadi hari ni aku akan cerita macam mana podcast boleh bantu anda perbaiki bahasa anda terutamanya untuk calon SPM, pelajar yang akan masuk dan pelajar yang sedang berada di IPT.

Natang apa "podcast" tu?

Menurut DBP, podcast atau istilah bahasa Melayunya, "audio siar/siniar" bermaksud, "siri episod yang mengandungi fail audio digital ataupun video. Pengguna boleh memuat turun fail ini ke dalam komputer atau telefon pintar. Perkataan podcast berasal daripada gabungan kata ipod dan broadcast."1 There's the fun fact of the day for you right there. Steve Jobs and Apple actually invented podcasting.

Its like radio (some of it is actually from radio), but the series exist on its own. In a way its like youtube where the user can subscribe, but podcast emphasizes more on the audio (there are video format podcasts). Usually, the duration is between 30 minutes to 2 hours long.

Cam mana podcast boleh beri kesan kepada kemahiran bahasa (menulis)?

Seperti yang kita tau podcast ni lebih memberi tumpuan pada bahagian audio dan tidak bergantung kepada visual/gambaran untuk menyampaikan content. Jadi, ia memaksa hos podcast untuk menggunakan gaya bahasa yang deskriptif (detail) di mana aku rasa dapat membantu pelajar2 (khasnya SPM) dalam membuat karangan deskriptif (descriptive essay). Karangan deskriptif ni menuntut pelajar untuk menjadi "overly-meticulous/detail" dalam suasana yang diceritakan. Perkara yang sama boleh kita katakan untuk karangan naratif. Karangan naratif menuntut penulis untuk menceritakan kisah dari perspektif protagonis seolah-olah penulis/pembaca mampu merasa apa yang dirasa protagonis dari segi monolog, peristiwa dan pengalaman.

Banyak siri podcast bergenre "Seram","True Crime" & "Misteri" bertemakan "story-telling" yang menceritakan kisah mereka dengan gambaran yang sangat teliti seolah-olah kita berada di situasi tersebut. Dari situ kita boleh belajar kaedah2 dan perkataan2 efektif yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan sesebuah kisah. Manakala, podcast yang bergenre bukan fiksyen seperti "Sejarah", "Sains", "Teknologi" & "Sukan" dapat membantu pelajar dalam menulis karangan argumentatif. Podcast bergenre bukan fiksyen ni lebih kepada bersifat informatif jadi sedikit sebanyak dapat manambah pengetahuan am pelajar. Tapi podcast bukan sahaja memberi kesan kepada penulisan kita. Nanti aku sambung.

Bagaimana podcast bantu aku perbaiki bahasa Inggeris

Aku first dengar podcast waktu tu hujung tahun...2017. Form 4 lah waktu tu. It was an Arsenal discussion podcast. Waktu tu aku curiga la kejadahnya apa podcast ni. Waktu tu aku asrama, so aku dapat dengar setiap kali balik rumah je. Dalam sebulan 2 kali laa -cadang nak buat job bawak mp3 ke asrama tapi malas sangat nak break the rules kahkah-. Dan makin lama aku makin ketagih dengan podcast tu sebab aku nampak perubahan kepada cara aku bina ayat tu. Aku mula guna perkataan2 "bombastic" gitchew bak kata my english teacher. Masuk f5, perlahan-lahan aku dah pandai campurkan ayat2 simple, compound, & complex dalam penulisan aku. Waktu2 yang kebiasaannya aku dengar lagu (dalam kereta, house chores) aku gunakan untuk dengar podcast. Supaya masa tu terisi dengan lebih efisien.

Tapi, mendengar podcast tak jadikan grammar aku perfecto tau, sebab untuk tatabahasa perlu kelas dan penumpuan yang intensif. Apa yang podcast tu buat adalah dia membiasakan otak aku dengan bentuk2 ayat yang biasa dipakai oleh hos podcast dalam komunikasi. Secara tak langsung kita akan ikut pattern tatabahasa yang digunakan podcast kita untuk ayat2 dan situasi berbeza. (Don't worry, majority of the podcast host is the native speaker of the language, it is unlikely for them to be grammatically wrong). So, bila dah lama kau dengar secara berterusan (especially yang duduk di rumah) dalam otak kau dah ada beberapa struktur ayat yang berbeza untuk kau ikut. Kaedah ini juga boleh diaplikasikan kepada bahasa Arab atau apa2 bahasa sekalipun. Mungkin nampak kompleks sikit, tapi cuba je dengar dulu. 2-3 bulan kau akan perasan kesan dia.

Macam mana nak pilih siri podcast yang kita nak dengar?

Aku ada sedikit tips cara nak pilih podcast yang berkemungkinan menjadi kegemaran kita memandangkan ada beratus-ratus siri podcast di luar sana.

Genre.

1st skali, hang kena tanya diri hang "Kenapa sendu sangat hidup aku?" jk. ok, kena tau hang minat apa. Minat sukan ka, seram ka, misteri ka, sains ka oh ya, agama ka (iium yalls). Supaya hang betui2 passionate dan berminat dalam apa yang hang dengar. Katakanlah aku sokong Arsenal dan minat Premier League. Carilah podcast yang berkitar tentang Arsenal. Antara podcast Arsenal kegemaran aku adalah Arsecast (podcast pertama aku dengar). Aku juga minat kisah2 aneh legenda dan makhluk mitologi (cryptozoology)2, jadi antara podcast cryptozoology kegemaran aku adalah "Astonishing Legends". Buat yang mahu perbaiki bahasa Arab, ada saluran2 di youtube seperti "هاشتاق" yang menceritakan kisah2 teladan Islam dan "الشيخ الدكتور وسيم يوسف" banyak memberikan motivasi dan nasihat. Kedua2 saluran ini menggunakan bahasa Arab fushah yang jelas dan sesuai untuk biasakan diri dengan bahasa Arab.

Humor.

Kenapa humor? Bagi aku humor sangat penting terutamanya bagi podcast yang bergenre bukan fiksyen seperti sejarah, falsafah, sains dan teknologi. Sebab bila hos menceritakan fakta dengan nada yang statik....BOSAN WEII! Lecturer yang ada dalam kelas pun kau tido, ni dalam bentuk audio je. Contohnya, aku minat dengar falsafah jadi aku cari podcast falsafah yang ada campur humor sikit. Jumpalah "The Panpsycast Philosophy Podcast." Kalau kau minat sains ada "SciShow Tangents." Supaya pembelajaran nanti lebih santai dan tak terasa dipaksa. Sebaiknya cari podcast yang seimbanglah, tidak terlalu humor sampai overpower maklumat yang nak disampaikan.

Kualiti audio

Kualiti audio sangat memainkan peranan yang penting dalam "listening experience" pendengar. Sebaiknya pastikan podcast tersebut mempunyai audio yang cukup jelas supaya kita sendiri selesa untuk mendengar dan mudah fokus dalam masa yang panjang. Tapi kebiasaannya, audio kualiti podcast sejak kebelakangan ni berada dalam tahap yang memuaskan.

Cadangan aplikasi untuk mendengar podcast

Spotify

Apple Podcast

Google Podcast

Castbox

Acast

Kenapa penting untuk perbaiki kecekapan bahasa?

Selain membantu pelajar dalam penulisan, kecekapan bahasa ni sangat penting terutamanya untuk kehidupan pelajar di IPT sama ada di dalam atau luar negara. Yalah, kebiasaanya pelajar dituntut berkomunikasi dalam bahasa kedua/ketiga mereka (kecuali di UKM). Kebanyakan pelajar yang aku jumpa semuanya cerdik belaka, cumanya kadang2 bahasa yang mereka gunakan tak memberikan gambaran yang adil kepada makna sebenar yang mereka ingin sampaikan -termasuklah penulis ;(-. Belum cerita bab tugasan (assignment) lagi. Tugasan yang biasanya memerlukan seminggu untuk disiapkan, dengan kecekapan bahasa yang baik 3-4 hari kau dah boleh siapkan. Dari segi pertuturan pula, pembinaan struktur ayat yang baik sangat penting supaya kau boleh bina platform yang baik untuk mula berlatih bertutur dengan petah -penulis pun gagap juga kahkah-.

Untuk peringkat awal, berlatih dulu untuk bina struktur ayat yang baik. Tak petah pun takpa. Asalkan sampai makna tu dulu. Cubalah dengar podcast. Mana tahu jadi minat ke nanti? Bear in mind kaedah ini boleh diaplikasikan untuk semua bahasa. Sewaktu dengar podcast tu tak perlu fikir pun pasal struktur ayat dia ke apa. Kesannya akan berlaku secara tak langsung. Just listen and have fun.

Rujukan DBP untuk istilah "podcast" dalam bahasa Melayu. http://prpm.dbp.gov.my/Cari1?keyword=podcast&d=28648LIHATSINI ↩︎

"Kriptozoologi ialah pseudosains dan subbudaya yang bertujuan untuk membuktikan kewujudan entiti dari rekod cerita rakyat, seperti Bigfoot dan chupacabra. Ahli kriptozoologi merujuk entiti ini sebagai cryptids, istilah yang dicipta oleh subkultur." Ini lah bidang yang sering berbalah sama ada makhluk macam bigfoot wujud atau tidak. For all that we know bigfoot is just a poorly-groomed hairy homeless man. Lol ↩︎

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avanneman · 6 years ago

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Yo, Mainstream Media! Bret Easton Ellis has Aitch Ay Dee Had It With You!

It’s true! Mr. Three Names is never, no, never! going to forgive you guys for the way you lied about the Mueller Report! Reason gal Elizabeth Nolan Ryan summarizes Bret's cri de cœur/podcast thusly:

"I want to state that I am not a Republican, I am not a conservative, I am not part of the right wing, I did not vote for Trump, I am not part of the alt-right, I am not interested in politics." ... Ellis said he doesn't "care enough about" Trump to defend him against allegations of Russian collusion, but his beef is with "the crazy dishonest press" and "being lied to" by members of it. "There is no way to get around the fact that the mainstream media misled the country for the last two years. Period," Ellis added. "I'm not saying that as a conservative, or as a liberal. I'm saying it simply as a witness." These outlets "should be humiliated by what they were perpetrating."

Well, as George F. Will was wont to say, “well”. I confess I’m not up on the details of the ravings of talking heads like Rachel Maddow, and that I thought the “speculations” by supposedly more responsible folk like James Clapper that Donald Trump was a “witting agent” of Vladimir Putin were pretty ridiculous, and that Jonathan Chait’s now notorious “plausible theory of mind-boggling collusion”, which he recently tried to explain away in the manner of Rush “Just Putting It Out There” Limbaugh, was so mind-bogglingly boring that I stopped reading it after the first few paragraphs, but (if you’re still with me), I’d like to point you in the direction of a handy-dandy interactive graphic supplied by, yes, the New York Times, with the snappy title “Trump and His Associates Had More Than 100 Contacts With Russians Before the Inauguration”, a great many of which were frequently lied about by Trump and his minions.

I’m still amazed that it was considered “okay” for a retired three-star general (Michael Flynn) to accept a gratuity from Russian sources to sit at a banquet table with Vladimir Putin, even if he didn’t repeatedly yell “Lock her up!” in public with regard to a former secretary of state, and also “okay” for him to work secretly as an agent of the Turkish government, writing, for example, an op-ed supporting Turkish policies without disclosing that arrangement, and also okay for such a man to be appointed as the president’s national security advisor.

I’m also still amazed that it was considered “okay” for the president to fire the head of the FBI, and to arrange for and publish a cover story to disguise the fact that the firing was meant to discourage the FBI’s investigation into Flynn. I’m also still amazed that it was considered “okay” for the president’s son, working in the president’s election campaign, to have a meeting, in the company of two other principal campaign officials, with Russian nationals for the express purpose of obtaining information from Russian intelligence that could be used against Hillary Clinton in the campaign, a meeting about which both he and the president lied in public.

I repeat the old—old and accurate—comment that if President Obama or Hillary Clinton had fired the head of the FBI for any reason, a Republican House of Representatives would have impeached them for obstruction of justice. Since Donald Trump in fact fired Mr. Comey in order to obstruct justice, then he damn well did obstruct justice.

I think impeachment is a terrible idea, and I don’t think that President Trump, on the record before us, should be impeached. But the notion that his nauseating record of corruption and deceit can and should be swept under the rug on the grounds of “Oh, golly, I’m just so sick and tired of hearing about all this stuff!” is simply a matter of what a not very PC mayor of New York1 once called “rape by acquiescence”.

Afterwords I If Mr. Ellis doesn't trust the Times, perhaps he could consider a column written six months ago by David French in the National Review, Republicans Must Reject ‘Russia Hoax’ Conspiracies and Examine the Evidence. Opined former U.S. attorney French:

The more we learn about Trump World’s contacts with Russians or Russian operatives, the more astounding it becomes. Consider this partial summary:

Trump’s former personal attorney, Michael Cohen, lied to Congress about his contacts with a Russian government official as he tried to negotiate a Trump Tower Moscow deal deep into the 2016 presidential campaign.

Former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort has lied about his contacts with Konstantin Kilimnik, an alleged asset of Russian intelligence.

Longtime Trump friend and adviser Roger Stone (and Stone’s sidekick, conspiracy theorist Jerome Corsi) allegedly tried to communicate with WikiLeaks, a “hostile intelligence service,” to obtain advance information about Julian Assange’s planned document dumps.

Donald Trump’s son, campaign chairman, and son-in-law met with a purported Russian representative with the intention of receiving “official documents” as part of a “Russia and its government’s support for Mr. Trump.”

Former Trump adviser George Papadopoulos lied to the FBI about his own contacts with a professor who “claimed to have substantial connections with Russian government officials” and who claimed to have access to “dirt” on Hillary in the form of “thousands of emails.”

Mr. French thoughtfully provides links for each of these items in case Mr. Ellis still retains some doubts.

Afterwords II I've never liked Mr. Ellis very much. Almost 20 years ago, I wrote a review for the Bright Lights Film Journal of the film American Psycho, based on Bret’s novel of the same name. I looked at the novel, intending to quote a chunk of it so that readers could have a taste, but Mr. Ellis’ prose was so vicious and repulsive that I just didn’t have the stomach for it. So I summarized his effort instead:

When Ellis wrote American Psycho back in 1991, he probably had no higher motive than to write the most disgusting, and thus the most profitable, book he could imagine. Unfortunately for Ellis, he overshot the mark. It turned out that filling a book with appalling depictions of misogynistic torture wasn’t the shortest road to fame and riches.

At the time I wrote my review, Ellis had a new book out, described by his publisher as follows: “Glamorama, Ellis’s latest vehicle, ventures deep inside the world of celebrity, a world that jet-sets from coast-to-coast, from champagne flute to vial of cocaine, all the while sacrificing humanity for image.”

Write about what you know, eh, dude? Write about what you know.

Fiorello La Guardia, the “Little Flower”. ↩︎

#Bret Easton Ellis #Mueller report #Donald Trump #David French

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wineanddinosaur · 4 years ago

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Wine 101: Sangiovese/Chianti

This episode of “Wine 101” is sponsored by Brancaia. At Brancaia, we perceive the work in the vineyard as a flow of energy that must be respected to the highest degree. Rooted in the bold super Tuscan movement that forever changed Italy’s winemaking culture, the wines of Brancaia blend local grapes with international varieties, bringing a decidedly modern touch to a centuries-old wine region. Today, Brancaia embodies a passion for terroir and dedication to artisan techniques, producing elegant, complex wines with a strong Tuscan identity. Brancaia Winery: Resist the usual.

Click the link below to discover and purchase wine brands discussed on the Wine101 podcast series. Get 15% OFF when you purchase $75 or more. Use coupon code “wine15” at checkout: www.thebarrelroom.com/discover.

In this episode of “Wine 101,” VinePair tastings director Keith Beavers discusses the origins of Sangiovese and Chianti. Beavers discusses the history of Sangiovese from its origins in Tuscany, as well as its many nicknames. However, what listeners will learn most about is Chianti, the popular wine made from the Sangiovese grape.

Beaver explains how Chianti came to be a central winegrowing region in Italy, dating back to the 18th century, and how it rose to popularity in the 1970s — appearing in popular films such as “Shaft” and “Silence of the Lambs.” Further, Beavers explains the emergence of the Chianti Classico DOCG in the late ‘80s.

Tune in to learn more and become an expert on Sangiovese and Chianti.

Listen Online

Listen on Apple Podcasts

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Or Check out the Conversation Here

Keith Beavers: My name is Keith Beavers, and I think I’ve watched all of HGTV. Like, all of it. I need something else.

What’s going on, wine lovers? Welcome to Episode 19 of VinePair’s “Wine 101” podcast, Season 2. My name is Keith Beavers. I’m the tastings director of VinePair. Sup?

Chianti and Sangiovese. Oh my gosh. You know it from a movie, from life as an American, and from loving Italian wine. Let’s talk about it.

OK, so we did an episode on Tuscany last season. It was to get a nice, rounded idea about Tuscany, and in that episode, we talked about Sangiovese and we talked about how it’s different. It produces different styles of wine, depending on where it’s growing in Tuscany. It’s a very interesting variety, but it’s not an interesting variety in that it mutates and it clones itself and all this stuff. No. What’s unique about Sangiovese is that there are really two kinds of Sangiovese. There’s Sangiovese Grosso, a big fat grape. Then, there’s Sangiovese Piccolo, a little grape.

The majority of the wines that we drink come from Sangiovese Grosso, the big fat grape. But the thing is, Sangiovese Grosso grows throughout Tuscany, but the people who produce wines from that grape call it something different, even just in Tuscany itself. In Montalcino in Tuscany, they call Sangiovese Grosso, Brunello. In the town of Montepulciano, where they make Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, they call it Prugnolo Gentile. And in the Tuscan region of Morellino di Scansano, they call it Morellino. It can be confusing. I know I say it a lot in wine. It can be confusing. Why is wine so confusing?

Well, the thing is, wine is ancient. Oh my gosh, it’s so ancient in so many cultures, townships, and communes throughout Italy, throughout the world. All the synonyms for the grapes, it’s just insane. The thing is, during feudal systems and sharecropping, there is pride in all these towns. It seems to me that they name the grape, and they could care less whether another town calls it something else. This is what they’re going to call it. And that’s just how this works throughout the history of wine in general. In Tuscany, it’s a little bit crazy because it went from one town to the next. Sometimes the variety that’s being used is the same variety but has a different name. And it can be crazy.

Just like other old varieties like Pinot Noir, Sangiovese is thought to be ancient. The first documentation of Sangiovese is from a treatise on the viticulture of Tuscany in 1600 by a dude named Giovan Vettorio Soderini. In it, he says, “il sangiogheto, aspro a mangiare, ma sugoso e pienissimo di vino” which generally means “the Sangiogheto, bitter to eat but juicy and venous.” This is the first documentation of Sangiovese but it’s really the first documentation of the synonym of Sangiovese.

The story goes that, in the region of Emilia-Romagna, which is north and east of Tuscany, there is a town called Rimini. Just outside of that town is a mountain called Montegiove. And in the foothills of that mountain was a — wait for it — monastery! Yep, the monks. And here, the monks were making wine. And the wine they made, they called vino, which basically just means wine in Italian. When asked what this wine was, they thought for a second and they said “sanguis Jovis”, which means the blood of Jupiter. Sangiovese came from that.

Eventually, it’s thought to be also a reference to the blood of Jove. Sangiogheto is a synonym of whatever happened there. Sangiovese isn’t only important in Tuscany. This whole story happened in a region just outside of Tuscany. Sangiovese is really the workhorse of central Italy in general. In Umbria, it is blended in a DOC or a wine region called Montefalco. It’s often blended with a grape called Sagrantino, a very big, powerful variety that softens it a little bit.

In the region of Le Marche, there are two very well-known red wines there, Rosso Piceno and Rosso Conero, and they are also Sangiovese, blending with a grape called Montepulciano. Not the town, but the grape. It’s also being used more and in Lazio, which is where Rome is. And here’s a fun little fact, if you guys ever come across Corsican wine — yeah, we should sometime do an episode on Corsican wine. It’s pretty cool. They make wine from Sangiovese there. But there they call it Nielluccio. Yeah, it’s crazy. It’s good and it’s awesome. They do great rosés with it, too.

Now every town, every region that produces wine from Sangiovese is awesome. Everyone has their own unique spin on this variety. It’s beautiful, and that’s all in the Tuscan episode. Yet, what you and I know more than any other wine made from Sangiovese in Italy is Chianti. This wine has had a presence in our culture for a long time. I remember as a kid, in the early ‘80s, going to this Italian restaurant with my parents. They loved it so much, it was called Mom and Pop. They had basket wine bottles. They’re called fiaschi. There were Chianti bottles with the baskets on them, and that was the candleholder.

Even as far back as the ‘70s, it made it into film. You have “Shaft,” an amazing film. When Shaft goes in to talk to the local Italian crime boss, the dude is sitting there sipping on a nice Chianti. I mean it was a basket wine, but in the ‘70s, it was considered good stuff. Of course, we had to get this out of the way: “A census taker once tried to test me. *I ate his liver with fava beans in a nice Chianti” — creepy murder doctor Hannibal Lecter, “Silence of the Lambs.”

Yeah. I don’t know where you are in age or pop culture, but that scene is one of the most famous scenes from the movie and one of the most famous scenes in film history. And what’s really interesting is in the book, he has this fava beans with the liver, with an Amarone, which is actually a red wine from the northern part of Italy. But because Chianti was so ingrained in our minds, the people writing the script decided to put Chianti in there instead of Amarone so we would be familiar with it. Sure enough, that line is basically timeless.

And even though we, in the United States, have had an intimate relationship with Chianti for such a long time, it still confuses us. It’s confusing because, guys, Chianti is complicated. It’s really complicated. If I had an entire episode to tell you the history of this place, it would blow your mind.

The city of Florence, which is very close to the Chianti wine region — which we’re going to get into in a second — I think between the 14th and the 16th century was the center of the world. This is where the birth of the Renaissance happened, some of the most famous glassmakers in the world were in Florence. The stories, the history, and the documentation are pretty immense. Just the story of Florence and its history with its rival city just to the south, Siena, includes Chianti and the wines from this region. These are awesome stories for another time because we’re here to talk about wine. Let’s get deep in the hills of Chianti and understand this place.

In the center part of Tuscany, there is a major town called Florence, which you guys all know. And then south of that city is a city called Siena. Between the town of Florence and the town of Siena, are these mountainous hills there called the Chianti or the Chianti Hills or the Chianti Mountains. It’s thought that viticulture goes all the way back to the Etruscans, which came before the Greeks. Actually, the Greeks came to Italy, and they saw the Etruscans. The Etruscans freaked out the Greeks because of their hedonism. It’s wild. I just wanted to tell you about that.

I mention the Etruscans because I’ve always been so fascinated with the word Chianti, in that I don’t know what it means and it’s very hard to figure out what it means. The only thing I could really find is that the Etruscans are thought to name this area, Clante. I don’t know what that means, but Clante? Chianti? It makes sense. If anybody knows any Italian etymologists that can help me out, would be awesome. However, the word Chianti first shows up in documents in the late 1330s. That seals the deal for Chianti. Well, the name at least because this document doesn’t name wine so much, it just calls this area the Chianti Hills.

By the 18th century, this area was known for wine. There are three townships in the Chianti Hills: Castellina, Radda, and Gaiole. At this time, Chianti was applied to these three townships. Also what’s interesting is these three townships are under the jurisdiction of Florence, and they formed what was called the League of Chianti, which was a guard against the town or city of Siena at the time. There was a rivalry, and a pretty storied rivalry at that. If you remember in the Portugal episode, we talked about the Douro Valley and how it was one of the first attempts at demarcating or creating some controlled appellation because of the popularity of the wine to combat fraud and to maintain the authenticity of the wines coming out of that region because of all the money that was being made there.

This is the same thing that happened in 1716 in the Chianti Hills. The three initial townships — Radda, Castellina, and Gaiole — were demarcated as Chianti, the wine-growing and winemaking region, by Cosimo III, the Grand Duke of Tuscany. In these hills with high-ish elevation in this very well-known famous soil called galestro with some limestone and clay, there’s a short list of native varieties that are being used to make wine around this time — most of them red, some of them white, often blended together for red. You had Sangiovese, there was a grape called Ciliegiolo, which is actually related to Sangiovese. Also, there is a grape called Mammolo and a grape called Canaiolo. Those are the red wine grapes. For white wine, there’s a group called Trebbiano, which is all over central Italy, and a grape called Malvasia, which we’ve mentioned before in other previous episodes.

There wasn’t a rhyme or reason and there weren’t any rules or regulations. Toward the end of the 19th century, there was this dude named Baron Bettino Ricasoli. In 1872, he wrote a letter saying that he had synthesized 10 years of experimentation. And what he’s found is that the Sangiovese grape is the best grape to use as the base of the Chianti blend. For aging wines, he found that Sangiovese’s aroma profile and its vigorous acidity, blended with a little bit of Canaiolo, was the best way to make age-worthy Chianti. For younger wines, he kept that little formula going, but he thought, “You know what? Add a little bit of Malvasia. Add a little bit of white wine. It really is nice.”

This formula or this idea caught on. And basically, this guy — and his family still makes wine to this day — is the inventor of modern Chianti. From the 18th century to the 1930s, this is what Chianti was: three townships basically carrying the Chianti name, but it’s spreading out more and more. People started to adhere to this new Chianti formula. The identity of Chianti was coming into itself. By the 1930s, this wine was becoming very popular, so the Italian government decided they were going to extend the Chianti zone. They’re going to name different subzones to capitalize on what was happening here. And to the dismay of the original townships, the government extended these subzones to basically surround the original area.

To this day, there are seven of them. Chianti is the prefix, and then the geographical location comes after that. I’m not going to get into all of them, but I’m going to name some of them right now so you can get a sense of them. Colli Fiorentini, Rufina, Montalbano, Colli Aretini, Colline Pisane, and Montespertoli. And you’ll often see it on the wine label. It’ll say Chianti in big letters, and underneath it it’ll have the geographical location. This extends the Chianti zone to about 40,000 acres, give or take. It’s a very large area.

In the 1960s, when Italy was creating its own appellation-controlled system that was based on the French appellations system, they went to Chianti and they saw how popular the ricasoli formula was. When they gave Chianti its DOC, that is the blend that became a regulation for Chianti: Sangiovese, Canaiolo, and Malvasia. They also added other varieties in there: Mammolo, Ciliegiolo, and also Trebbiano. With such a large area and with some economic troubles in the region, the trend of Chianti wines went towards quantity, not quality. Of course, there was quality being made during this time, but until the early 1980s, it got pretty bad as far as people taking advantage of a good thing. The famous Fiaschi basket wine we see in “Shaft” was eventually seen as just not very good wine. It was very thin. There was a lot of white wine in it, and it was giving Chianti a bad rap. To this day, Chianti basket wine is mainly known as a candle holder. Am I right?

And it wasn’t only basket wine that was compromised. There was a lot of wine coming into the United States and just being distributed throughout the world in which the quality wasn’t there.

In 1984, the government said “OK, we’re going to elevate the Chianti region from a DOC to a DOCG. We’re going to have stricter rules put in place. Now, we’re restricting the amount of white wine you can use and doing all these things to make sure the quality of Sangiovese is sound.” And I gotta say, they made some good decisions.

From 1984 on, Chianti really began to improve. But we have to think about that original township area. Remember I said, to the dismay of that area, all these other little sub-zones were created? Well, they’re still pretty mad. Or should I say, the quality-minded winemakers in the area were mad. This initiated what was called the Chianti Classico 2000 Project, which was a project of studying the soils and all the things in that center heartland, that area that started it all.

In 1996, that area of Chianti became Chianti Classico — its own DOCG, its own autonomous wine-growing region, not a subregion of Chianti. For the longest time, it was just a subzone. It was called Chianti Classico as in, this is where it all began. It was part of the seven subzones that were created in the 1930s, but it was considered Chianti Classico. It didn’t really have a geographical name to it. Now, Chianti Classico is its own thing. It’s made up of about nine communes. I’m not going to list the communes here because it’s not that important. I mean, the communes are important, absolutely. But for you as a wine buyer and consumer in the United States, the communes are not something that’s going to help you find wine, because the Chianti Classico region does not allow for the communes to be put on the label. You’re just going to see Chianti Classico. I’m sure the communes are somewhere in the small print on the back label. Also, something to know is that Castellina, Radda, and Gaiole are still part of the center of Chianti Classico.

Wine-wise, what is Chianti? Chianti is basically two appellations. You have the heartland of it all where it all began, the Chianti Classico zone. It’s its own zone. It has its own rules. They tend to be a little more strict than the larger Chianti area. Then you have the larger Chianti DOCG. That Chianti has seven subzones that have actual geographical names attached to the Chianti word. Outside of that area is just Chianti proper. If you see a wine that just says Chianti on it, it’s coming from anywhere outside of these zones, but it’s still in Chianti. And whether you’re in Chianti proper, geographical Chianti, or Chianti Classico, Sangiovese is the primary variety used in the blends.

In international varieties, which are basically French varieties — Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot — they’ve always been allowed in the Chianti region. And for a long time, they were being used not heavily, but they were used to attract the American palate. In addition to that, using significant oak exposure to get that vanilla spice thing going. That trend is starting to dip a little bit. We’re starting to see more older varieties being used in the blend and less Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon, even in the smaller amounts. We’re starting to see wines with less oak influence coming out of Chianti. That’s really where Chianti began. The wines of Chianti are red with a medium-bodied perception. They are tangy with great acidity, and that’s what Sangiovese wants to give you. Then, you put a little Canaiolo and Mammulo in there, and it gets a little bit earthy. It makes for an amazing food wine. Steak Florentine with Chianti? Just forget about it!

In Chianti proper, they still blend a little bit of white wine into their wine sometimes. It’s winemaker to winemaker, whatever they want to do. You won’t see white wine being blended into Chianti Classico anymore. They outlawed that stuff.

And even though there’s so much more to talk about — diving into the Classico communes, diving into the geographical areas, getting a little more history going, getting a little more context of things — this is just your roundabout Chianti 101. Now you can get a good sense of what you’re drinking, what you’re looking at, and not feeling too overwhelmed. Because man, Chianti is complicated.

@VinePairKeith is my Insta. Rate and review this podcast, wherever you get your podcasts from. It really helps get the word out there. And now for some totally awesome credits.

“Wine 101” was produced, recorded, and edited by yours truly, Keith Beavers, at the VinePair headquarters in New York City. I want to give a big ol’ shoutout to co-founders Adam Teeter and Josh Malin for creating VinePair. And I mean, a big shoutout to Danielle Grinberg, the art director of VinePair, for creating the most awesome logo for this podcast. Also, Darbi Cicci for the theme song. Listen to this. And I want to thank the entire VinePair staff for helping me learn something new everyday. See you next week.

Ed. note: This episode has been edited for length and clarity.

The article Wine 101: Sangiovese/Chianti appeared first on VinePair.

source https://vinepair.com/articles/wine-101-sangiovese-chianti/

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johnboothus · 4 years ago

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Wine 101: Sangiovese/Chianti

Tune in to learn more and become an expert on Sangiovese and Chianti.

Listen Online

Listen on Apple Podcasts

Listen on Spotify

Or Check out the Conversation Here

Keith Beavers: My name is Keith Beavers, and I think I’ve watched all of HGTV. Like, all of it. I need something else.

What’s going on, wine lovers? Welcome to Episode 19 of VinePair’s “Wine 101” podcast, Season 2. My name is Keith Beavers. I’m the tastings director of VinePair. Sup?

Chianti and Sangiovese. Oh my gosh. You know it from a movie, from life as an American, and from loving Italian wine. Let’s talk about it.

And it wasn’t only basket wine that was compromised. There was a lot of wine coming into the United States and just being distributed throughout the world in which the quality wasn’t there.

@VinePairKeith is my Insta. Rate and review this podcast, wherever you get your podcasts from. It really helps get the word out there. And now for some totally awesome credits.

Ed. note: This episode has been edited for length and clarity.

The article Wine 101: Sangiovese/Chianti appeared first on VinePair.

Via https://vinepair.com/articles/wine-101-sangiovese-chianti/

source https://vinology1.weebly.com/blog/wine-101-sangiovesechianti

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shadyacres · 4 years ago

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The hard questions

A friend recently recommended I listen to a podcast interview with Shulem Deen. Born and raised in the hassidic Jewish community, Shulem made the decision to separate himself from hassidism and eventually orthodox Judaism entirely. At the beginning of the podcast, Shulem discusses the difficulty of rejecting his own belief system.

The hardest questions a person ever has to solve are the ones that touch on beliefs so deep that they simply aren't questioned. What do I value? Why do I love this person? Why do I do the things I do every single day? In the discussion, Shulem mentions that he was talking teens about "Jewish values," and he asked them the simple question: "What are the 'Jewish values' that you practice?"

I've been Jewish my entire life and to this day I consider myself a fairly observant person. When I heard this question, it threw me through such a loop that I stopped the podcast to see whether I could answer it myself. It occurred to me that I hadn't thought about this question in a very long time, simply because in living a life defined by these very values I had started taking it for granted that what i was doing every day simply was an embodiment of these values themselves. However, as any driver knows, no matter how carefully you align the steering wheel to the road, eventually you'll have to correct course. The road may curve, the wheel alignment isn't perfect, and—lets face it—you probably didn't line it up 100% parallel to the road at the outset. Little adjustments aren't just helpful, they're absolutely necessary to make sure you're on track to get to your destination.

Most people have many roles. Personally, I try to be a good father, a good community member, a good employee, spouse, friend, Jew. Some of those roles have some degree of, shall we say, automatic steering. A bad employee will be told "you are a bad employee, fix it or you're fired." That's certainly motivating! A good father has it tougher, as no matter what he does his kids will always tell him, "you should give us more ice cream." Determining whether you're a good member of your faith is nearly impossible... with very few exceptions, God doesn't hand out performance reviews until it's quite too late to do much with it. The same is true for the roles of friend, or mentor, or community member. Your performance often only has a single judge... yourself.

Am I a good friend? Well, what type of friend do I want to be? Am I doing what I expect of myself as a friend? If yes, great! If not, where am I falling short? Each individual has a personal responsibility to review decisions they've made and assess themselves according to their own standard, for each role. The only person who can tell you that you're doing a good enough job is yourself.

"But wait! What about my [friend/spouse/community/co-religionists/coworkers/etc]? They'll be super mad if I don't [something]! I can't let them down!" There are approximately six bajillion books on dealing with social pressure, but the one that wins the "once I read the title I didn't need the book anymore" is probably this one. Suffice to say that relying on other people to assess your own performance is definitely one way to deal with it, but it tends to result in a lot of unhappiness.

Returning to the original question, as a thought exercise, I'd like to write out my own attempt at an answer. Starting from text, Ethics of our Fathers 1:2 states the following: "Three things form the world's foundation: Torah, service, and acts of kindness" (translation is my own).1 These three "things", for lack of a better word, outline the entirety of the Jewish value system.

The first is the Torah, the living system of thought that outlines the Jewish moral framework. Virtually every aspect of the relationship between both man and God and man and his fellow man are outlined, discussed, and codified. Like any highly complex system, the details are incredibly nuanced. In many cases there is internal disagreement about appropriate behavior, sometimes in deeply fundamental beliefs about Judaism.2 The fact that disagreements exist does not interfere with the fact that the Torah is the foundation for the Jewish value system.

However, a value system is only as useful as the action it inspires. The second fundamental element to the Jewish value system is action, as driven by the Torah. Simply knowing that the Torah supports giving charity does ; one must actually give charity to fulfill their moral duty. This demand for activity differentiates Judaism from other belief systems where the primary fulfillment of the system relates to holding a belief. Judaism demands that its aherents behave in a specific way as well.

Many of the actions outlined in the Torah relate to religious duties; temple service, holiday observance, religious rituals. While these are necessary elements of the value system, they are not at all sufficient. Judaism places strong emphasis on interpersonal behavior; social support networks addressing the poor, ill, and disadvantaged, social norms detailing business dealings and interpersonal relationships, even societal ills such as gossip get pretty extensive treatment. The observation of God and the relationship between man and his fellow men are both strongly emphasized.

That's my answer; I hope this has inspired you to think through your own.

As an aside, while thinking through this, I found myself questioning whether it was appropriate for me to begin my foundational belief with texts from that belief system. Should this be a textual/theoretical exercise, or one more rooted in observing what actually happens in practice? I don't have a good answer to this; my particular thoughts follow the former, and I should try as my own thought exercise to follow the latter and see where it leads. ↩︎

A few, just for fun: Can there be such thing as a "chassidish rebbe"? What is the correct relationship with the modern state of Israel? How should Jews interact with the modern world? ↩︎

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accesstomuseums · 5 years ago

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Museums, Social Media, and Access

Access is a loaded term. For some, the first thing to come to mind is assistive technologies used by those with disabilities. For others, it may refer to who is represented in collections and who the museum uses its public voice to support. From a museum education standpoint, social media and online resources are a tool to present information in a digestible manner to those outside academia.

For some of us, social media allows quick and easy access to information from anywhere. Many of us take our interactions with social media for granted, without taking into consideration that our access is conditional, based on our varying levels of ability. University of Virginia professor Elizabeth Ellcessor points out that even sites like Tumblr, which have “robust social justice communities” can be completely inaccessible for audiences who use screen readers and other assistive technologies.1 Instagram is very popular for use by museums, libraries, and archives, but Instagram’s accessibility features are not easy to locate or use. Most museums do not use alt-text in their posts, and Instagram’s alt-text is often spotty and vague.2 That said, for those with mobility impairments, posting on social media and websites can make museum materials more readily available. Social media platforms themselves have a long way to go towards accessibility, but official accounts representing heavily-funded institutions should engage with as many assistive tools as possible.

During the pandemic, presenting information digitally has become increasingly popular. Social media allows (and, in some cases, necessitates) that information be translated into language that is easily understandable, relatively concise, and invites engagement. The field of Public History is all about education, which sometimes means figuring out the best way to provide context without risking losing the audience’s attention. Social media allows the institution to pair an image (or multiple images) with text, acting as a microcosm of a comprehensive physical exhibit. In normal times, these posts can act as advertisements for current exhibitions, or as a substitute that can be used for casual, free-choice learning.3 Now that museums have been closed for a few months, they can use social media to stay involved and attempt to maintain their relationship with their communities. This use is especially important for small, local sites. Many towns have local historical societies or heritage sites that many citizens are not aware of. These sites rely on the engagement of their communities with their social media in order to spread awareness, since they lack the budgets that other institutions have for advertising.

Commenting is an important feature that allows individuals to voice their opinions in ways they would not typically be able to in a physical museum setting. Commenting gives social media users a certain amount of access to the museum staff. In person, feedback typically goes to an email account or paper survey, but social media allows visitors to say anything on public museum-led forums. Social media allows informal, semi-anonymous communication with museum leadership.

At times, a museum’s accessibility (like that of corporations and institutions) can be tied to the demographics it represents and champions. Because more and more museums (again, like many corporations and institutions) are beginning to engage with digital activism and campaigns for human rights, their visitor-bases have recently had a lot to say. Regardless of the museum’s stance, as neutral as they attempt to be, they still receive criticism and praise from different groups. Many museums dance around actually stating that Black Lives Matter, but instead post a piece of African American history relevant to their site and call it a day. This attempt at acknowledging the current civil rights movement while refusing to denounce white supremacy garners disapproval from both sides. Companies and official accounts of all industries are struggling with this tendency. In attempts not to alienate any visitors, they are failing to show up for people of color. Museums, with their historical credibility, have a specific responsibility to be on the right side of history. Whether they are or aren’t is in the hands of their current staff.

The question “whose museums” alludes to equity in all branches of the museum world, whether it be collections, exhibitions, workplace environment, community outreach and education, or accessibility for all communities. Social media’s role is to be a small, public-oriented sample of museums’ practices. Justice in any of these categories will inspire similar change in the others.

Cathy Hannabach, "Imagine Otherwise: Elizabeth Ellcessor on Disability Media Accessibility," 2016, in Imagine Otherwise, podcast, audio, 33:33, accessed July 3, 2020, https://ideasonfire.net/8-elizabeth-ellcessor/. ↩︎

"Creating an Accessible Instagram Account," In Sight: Full Life, accessed July 3, 2020, https://www.insightfulllife.com/accessible-instagram/. ↩︎

Cherstin M. Lyon, Elizabeth Nix, and Rebecca Kathleen Shrum, Introduction to Public History: Interpreting the Past, Engaging Audiences (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2017), 9. ↩︎

#museums #accessibility #assistive tech #social media #instagram

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tariqk · 5 years ago

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I've been reading posts and podcasts by members of the F/LOSS community, and the common thread that I've been seeing is a deep and intense dissatisfaction of how things are with regards to software and technology.

Like, I don't have the links right now, but I remember one dude being unhappy about how software isn't just getting better and better, but instead just… obeying Parkinson's Law and taking up more and more resources for about the same degree of performance. You'd think you should be able to do more with the hardware and resources you have these days — yet that's not true at all. Considering how the carbon footprint of machines that basically just try and guess hash functions for a task with no intrinsic value1 is literally contributing to global warming… I mean, he's not wrong, but it feels like it's missing something.

And another guy literally points out that you have developers who do all this work and yet will struggle to keep food on their plate and pay their rent, and that software only seems to improve when large amounts of capital go behind it.

Like, these are deep, real, problems, but I feel like most of them don't really go much more but on a shallow analysis of the cause of these problems, and fundamentally a lot of it is unhappiness but with no real way out, or no real way of thinking about things, or just fundamentally messed-up ways of thinking and modeling the actors involved2…

I dunno. I feel like there has got to be a way to model technology in a way that is more humanistic than what we've got — not as a system of logical and mathematical principles that we can build from scratch, and not even a psychological look at user interaction and design, but something deeper, more sociological.

Like I feel like the ultimate principle is about how technology is really about relations between people, and should always be in service to that, much like the study of economics is, fundamentally, about the study of happiness amongst people3.

there's none. the price of the things being kept track of is really an agreement between two parties and essentially unmoored from any concept of value except in the most tautological. ↩︎

When your intrinsic assumption is that programmers are usually rational people, I have to laugh. Please. You just don't know what your biases are and it shows. ↩︎

I mean, isn't that what it is about? Technically speaking, if the economy was good, shouldn't more people be happy? ↩︎

#tech adventures #musings

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georgethechen · 4 years ago

Link

#frotcast #filmdrunk #Vince Mancini #matt lieb #paco romane #george chen #werner herzog #some kind of heaven #derek delgaudio #in and of itself #tiger woods #golden globes #podcast #film review #comedy #sup doc

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supdocshow · 4 years ago

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on the latest Sup Doc, we talk This Is Pop:Auto-Tune with comedian Eric Schwartz!

https://supdocpodcast.com/podcast/ep-176-this-is-pop-with-comedian-eric-schwartz/

#eric schwartz #smooth e #this is pop #thisispopnetflix #auto-tune #dr. andy #t-pain #paco romane #George chen #sup doc #documentary podcast

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afif-am · 5 years ago

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How I Fell Back in Love With Reading in the Golden Age of Entertainment

Laa mudah je. Bahan:

Buku

Langkah-langkah:

Baca

Thiap. Kk gurau. Hai semua. Lama tak jumpa. Aku harap tulisan aku menemui semua dalam keadaan sihat dan waras (memandangkan banyak tiktok yang menunjukkan sukar untuk kekal waras waktu kuarantin). Tengah cari hobi baru waktu kuarantin ke? Tadi baru habis melawat Twitter ke tengok video di Youtube?

Ya aku tahu kitaran tu. Lagi-lagi terperap di rumah. Whatsapp, Twitter, Ig, Youtube, (add Facebook if you're a boomer), Ulang. That endless, meaningless and exhausting click and scroll. Yet, we continue to scroll towards an eternity of hollow and emptiness. (it’s great if you're able to use social media for good cause). But sometimes, it just felt repetitive. Pointless, I could say. Why don't you give reading a shot?

Kenapa baca buku?

Kebanyakan orang bila ditanya tentang faedah baca buku (especially in exams bcs that’s the go-to soalan bm kertas 2), majoriti akan kata untuk luaskan pengetahuan, dapat ilmu baru supaya ilmu-ilmu tu boleh dikongsi sikit-sikit waktu sembang ngan member ataupun kaitkan dengan apa yang kita belajar dalam kelas. Benda tu tak salah pun, ada benarnya. Dan waktu awal-awal aku pun fikir begitu juga. Aku fikir aku akan jadi satu ensiklopedia bergerak WOWW. One verified MatTau.

Tapi realitinya kita semua tahu kita takkan dapat ingat pon semua benda yang kita baca. Tentulah, sebab otak kita ni tak berfungsi macam tu. Otak kita tak ada sistem penyimpanan fail macam komputer. Tapi ada perkara yang lebih penting yang kita boleh dapat bila membaca. Meminjam kata-kata John Fish (vlogger) dalam videonya, dia berkata,

“Say that you’re reading a psychology book. Sure, you’re going to remember some of the concepts. But not all of it. However, what your brain is learning is how the author is thinking and how the author is communicating."1

Betui, kita akan dapat pelbagai maklumat waktu membaca tetapi apa yang lebih memberi kesan adalah kita melatih otak kita untuk mengenal pasti corak analisis yang dilakukan oleh penulis buku. Tak kisahlah analisis tersebut dilakukan oleh ahli astronomi, maharaja Rom, seorang angkasawan ataupun pelarian Holocaust. Latar-latar belakang yang berbeza ni memberi kita beratus-ratus sudut pandang tentang masalah dunia dan manusia (spti ttg kesedihan, kesusahan dan kasih sayang).

Kebanyakan dari kita tak dapat pun berjumpa dengan tokoh bersejarah dan cendekiawan geliga dunia seperti Plato, Imam Al-Ghazali, Saidina Umar Al-Khattab, Marcus Aurelius, Bill Gates mahupun Buya Hamka. Jadi, buku adalah medium yang menyediakan satu peluang untuk mengenali dan menganalisis corak pemikiran mereka.

Namun, bukanlah maksud aku kau fikir, “Wow! Kata-kata Steve Jobs dan Aristotle ni mantap sia simpulkan tindakan untuk masalah yang aku tengah hadap ni! Settle masalah aku hah!”. Tapi lebih kepada, “Oh! Begini cara Salahuddin Ayyubi menghadapi kesusahan”. “Hmm, begini cara Immanuel Kant melihat masalah moral manusia.” “Jadi, bagaimana aku menggunakan cara sendiri untuk cuba selesaikan masalah ini”.

Of course, sebagai orang Islam kita ada Nabi SAW untuk panduan dalam menghadapi segala kepayahan, tetapi lebih bagus jika kita mempelbagaikan bahan bacaan kita kemudian kita analisis dan bandingkan kaedah-kaedah tersebut dan kenal pasti mana satu kaedah terbaik dalam menyelesaikan masalah kita. Hasilnya, kita akan lebih analitikal dan kritikal dengan pegangan yang kita pilih.

John Fish menyambung lagi,

“For this reason, I don’t think reading as building facts and information in my brain, I think about it as rewiring my brain. Teaching my brain to think about things differently. To analyse problems and opportunities differently."1

How I Fell Back in Love with Reading

Kali terakhir aku jadi ulat buku ni tingkatan 4 dan 5. Waktu tu duduk asrama kan. Mana ada apa-apa hiburan ni. Buku jelah ada. Buku novel cinta cringe melayu pun budak-budak asrama layan juga. Paling dekat dengan hiburan pun bila Biro-biro asrama pasang lagu petang-petang hujung minggu di bilik info ataupun radio seludup. kahkah Jadi aku ceritalah tips macam mana aku integrate semula membaca dalam hidup harian aku tanpa mengganggu podcast, siri anime dan pelajaran aku.

a. Pilih jenis buku

Sudah tentulah kena pilih buku. Kalau tak kau nak baca apa. Mula dengan satu buku dulu terlebih dahulu, kalau kau baru nak mula membaca. Pilihlah genre buku kegemaran ataupun topik apa yang kau minat untuk tahu. Tiada yang betul atau salah pun. Pilih topik yang kita minat supaya informasi, jalan cerita yang kita baca mudah dihadam dan kita tak rasa dipaksa dan kita seronok membaca. Untuk pembaca baru (sebelum ni jarang membaca) boleh cuba baca buku fiksyen spti novel sains fiksyen/young adult ataupun seram ke, supaya nak bina tabiat membaca tu Harry Potter ke, siri The Maze Runner atau apa-apa tajuk yang ringan. Takut2 kala mula dengan tajuk-tajuk bukan fiksyen yang berat, kau bosan dan dah tak nak membaca. Boleh saja kalau kau betul minat dan mahu.

b. Cari masa kosong

Cuba tengok dalam 24 jam untuk sehari tu, waktu bila yang paling berpeluang besar kau akan membaca dan waktu yang paling selesa untuk membaca. Cuba cari waktu tetap. Sekejap ja, dalam 20-30 minit. Tak perlu ganggu waktu tengok kdrama atau anime pun. Sesetengah orang, dia selesaikan pembacaan dia di awal pagi. Sekiranya pukul 6 petang free bacalah pukul 6 petang. Kalau lepas isya' baru free bacalah lepas isya'.

Waktu membaca kita tu fleksibel pun tak apa, cumanya kalau baru mahu mulakan tabiat membaca elok ada waktu tetap supaya dapat didik otak kita patuhi jadual dan masukkan aktiviti membaca dalam jadual harian. Lepas dah jadi habit, membaca bila-bila pun tak kisah sebab diri kita dah patuh dengan aktiviti tersebut dan tak boleh tak buat aktiviti tu. Bila dah pilih waktu, boleh masukkan dalam aplikasi calendar/reminder e.g. Google Calendar dalam phone supaya dia sentiasa ingatkan kita bila waktu membaca tiba.

c. Sewaktu membaca

Bagi pembaca baru, boleh mula skit2 pun takpa. Sehari cuba 5 muka surat. Bila dah jadi kebiasaan dan seronok, naikkan sehari 10-25 muka surat. Membaca mudah saja. Yang payah syaitan penggangu yang bernama fon ni. Ini yang paling payah skali nak buat aih. Tangan dok ligan nak cek twitter, ig noh. Aku bagi tips skit la camna nak putuihkan habit ngadap fon saja ni, sebab aku pun payah jugak haritu.

i. Install aplikasi2 pomodoro/fokus

Aplikasi fokus ni berfungsi sebagai penghalang untuk kau bukak apps lain waktu kau bukak apps dia. Maknanya tak boleh exit app. Antara aplikasi fokus cadangan aku adalah aplikasi Forest (percuma). Kau tetapkan masa, lepastu dia bagi kau satu pokok kecil. Sepanjang masa yang kau tetapkan tu, kau tak boleh keluar apps. Kalau kau nak keluar kau kena bunuh pokok kau tu. Dia latih diri kau disiplin dan sabar. Bestla, bila kau kumpul banyak-banyak dia jadi hutan maya peribadi la. Style gak. Tapi kalau kau bayar feature lain kau dapat tanam pokok betul. Jadi, sekaligus kau dapat sumbangkan sesuatu kepada bumi.

Waktu awal-awal je kau perlukan aplikasi2 fokus ni, bila dah jadi kebiasaan kau tak perlukan pun aplikasi tu. Macam aku sekarang dah automatik baca bila waktu sampai dan tak perlu pertolongan apps. Kalau tak dulu ketegaq woi nak cek noti fon padahal bukan ada sapa2 mesej pun.

ii. Install aplikasi habit tracker

Aplikasi-aplikasi ni berfungsi untuk merekod aktiviti kita mengikut tetapan kita. Jadi, boleh masukkan dalam aplikasi tersebut aktiviti membaca, dan tetapkan kekerapan dalam sehari/seminggu/sebulan. Jadi, setiap kali selesai membaca, boleh tandakan/ rekod. Aplikasi cadangan adalah 'Repeat Habit Tracker' di Google Playstore. Meminjam kata-kata Thomas Frank (vlogger) dalam videonya dia berkata,

"When our brains have done something for a long period of time, we don't wanna break the chain/pattern. By using habit tracker apps, over time, you get a visual indication of your progress and that keeps you motivated to keep progressing in the right direction."2

iii. Tip tambahan: Buat akaun Goodreads

Aplikasi Goodreads adalah medium di mana kau boleh jumpa dengan pembaca-pembaca lain dan kau boleh rekod buku yang akan, sedang dan telah kau baca. Waktu kau baca sesebuah buku, kau boleh rekod perkembangan pembacaan kau muka surat demi muka surat. Kau boleh juga join cabaran membaca 2020 di Goodreads dan tetapkan berapa buku nak baca untuk tahun ni. Bila kau join Goodreads kau akan dapat rasa kebersamaan dan komuniti bila berjumpa dengan pembaca-pembaca lain.

Rumusan

Aku harap aku sudah sedikit sebanyak mengubah persepsi anda tentang membaca. Membaca bukannya aktiviti untuk orang-orang yang boring (lol) dan bukan juga satu kerja yang berat. Membaca membantu anda melihat dunia dari sudut pandang yang berbeza dari sudut pandang anda sekarang.

As John Green, a renowned and world famous author once said,

"I read to be moved, in every sense of the word. To go to places I haven't been and to glimpse worlds I otherwise couldn't see, including the worlds deep within myself."3

Video John Fish menceritakan pengalamannya membaca 100 buku dalam 100 minggu. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AYOZpDg6Oj0&t=234s ↩︎ ↩︎

Video Thomas Frank berkongsi aplikasi-aplikasi habit tracker kegemarannya. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=491oCCVMa04&t=36s ↩︎

Video John Green berkongsi bagaimana dia membaca buku dan mengapa dia membaca. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4VymR174m_4 ↩︎

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