#❪ ❁｡ ：ic. ❫ — ° ≡ novel composition.

[drinkyourvillainjuice]

Secretary Questions and Answers Part 1

What's the answer to life, the universe and everything?

Being nice to people you don't know. nd also large amount of cocaine

Why did you make the reading comprehension section in the last module?

I'm a librarian! Teaching literacy is half the fun of my job! The rates of functional illiteracy are quite high (up to 50% in some areas of North America). I believe that literacy is one of the few ways to better one's situation, and it starts with asking questions about what you are reading and trying to read in-between the lines. I like teaching people :)

Bingus?

Did you do 9/11?

When I was a wee young lass,

What are some other interactive novels you would recommend?

Secretary Answer: The Life and Suffering of Sir Brante!

Author Answer: For choice of games/hosted games, I like Night Road, the creme de la creme series, fallen hero (which is probably the most predictable recc ever), lies under ice was a really cool recent sci fi release, slammed! is old but pretty great. Separate to choicescript, Our Life Beginnings and Always has a special spot in my heart, it's very much a comfort game for me. I played Digimon Survive this year and although it's kind of a hybrid (it has a lot of turn-based strategy) it's a cool spooky VN. I like the zero escape series too, but also heavily criticise them the way that only somebody who likes something a lot can.

Secretary Answer: show off

What are the characters opinions about peeing in the shower?

nobody pisses in the shower excepts:

Vantage (time efficient)

Hypothesis (he also poops in the shower)

Beth (she's incontinent)

how do author and secretary come together to work on DYVJ? what's the synergy and system like (if there is a system)?

The author writes and does the creative management of the story. She chooses what is inputted in the story and all.

The secretary, me!, deals with a lot of the behind the scene stuff, and with participates in the character design and scene compositions. Create plot points, keep track of things, etc.

essentially, she writes and i am her HR manager. the blog was my idea :)

you guys gay?

i ate her pussy, yes

why is she named surpass

iirc it's because I wanted to evoke a sort of - I don't want to say "Superman" vibe, but I wanted to have a name that evokes power and force. It also feeds a bit into her personality. She's kind of cocky, I'm sure you've noticed, and 'Surpass' has a kind of 'come at me bro' feel to it, making it more the kind of name she'd pick.

Can we smooch Surpass?

Surpass is presently unsmoochable.

Very serious and important question that is totally serious and not at all not serious. At all. Ever. So. Would CG let MC pamper her and feed her sweets via hand? I want to hand feed my handler a Cannoli

CG would be unbelievably tsundere about anyone trying to pamper her.

How did you play Baldur's Gate 3?

my wife says i play games like a maniac. in stealth games (hitman, my beloved), i just run around with guns and kill everything and then finish the missions. allegedly im not supposed to play the game like that! bg3 was a similar experience: what do you mean im not supposed to kill story npcs for their loot? aradin, eat your heart out

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

Researchers illuminate the mysteries of icy ocean worlds

New research advances understanding of the habitability of icy moons.

As NASA’s Europa Clipper embarks on its historic journey to Jupiter’s icy moon, Europa, Dr. Matt Powell-Palm, a faculty member at Texas A&M University’s J. Mike Walker ‘66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, has unveiled groundbreaking research that could transform our understanding of icy ocean worlds across the solar system. The study published in Nature Communications, co-authored with planetary scientist Dr. Baptiste Journaux of the University of Washington, introduces a novel thermodynamic concept called the “centotectic” and investigates the stability of liquids in extreme conditions - critical information for determining the habitability of icy moons like Europa. Revolutionizing the Search for Habitability The exploration of icy ocean worlds represents a new frontier in planetary science, focusing on understanding the potential for these environments to support life. Powell-Palm’s research addresses a fundamental question in this field: under what conditions can liquid water remain stable on these distant, frozen bodies? By defining and measuring the cenotectic, the absolute lowest temperature at which a liquid remains stable under varying pressures and concentrations, the team provides a critical framework for interpreting data from planetary exploration efforts. This study combines Powell-Palm’s expertise in cryobiology - specifically the low-temperature thermodynamics of water - initially focused on medical applications like organ preservation for transplantation, with Journaux’s expertise in planetary science and high-pressure water-ice systems. Together, they developed a framework that bridges disciplines to tackle one of the most fascinating challenges in planetary science. “With the launch of NASA Europa Clipper, the largest planetary exploration mission ever launched, we are entering a multi-decade era of exploration of cold and icy ocean worlds. Measurements from this and other missions will tell us how deep the ocean is and its composition,” said Journaux. “Laboratory measurements of liquid stability, and notably the lowest temperature possible (the newly-defined cenotectic), combined with mission results, will allow us to fully constrain how habitable the cold and deep oceans of our solar system are, and also what their final fate will be when the moons or planets have cooled down entirely.” A Texas A&M Legacy of Innovation in Space Research The research was conducted at Texas A&M and led by mechanical engineering graduate student Arian Zarriz. The work reflects Texas A&M’s deep expertise in water-ice systems and tradition of excellence in space research, which spans multiple disciplines. With the recent groundbreaking of the Texas A&M Space Institute, the university is poised to play an even larger role in space exploration, providing intellectual leadership for missions pushing the boundaries of human knowledge.  “The study of icy worlds is a particular priority for both NASA and the European Space Agency, as evidenced by the flurry of recent and upcoming spacecraft launches,” said Powell-Palm. “We hope that Texas A&M will help to provide intellectual leadership in this space.” Looking Ahead As planetary exploration missions, such as those targeting icy moons, continue to expand our understanding of the solar system, researchers at Texas A&M and beyond prepare to analyze the wealth of data they will provide. By combining experimental studies like those conducted by Powell-Palm and Journaux with the findings from these missions, scientists aim to unlock the secrets of cold, ocean-bearing worlds and evaluate their potential to harbor life.

Image: Getty Images

[i-want-my-iwtv]

I will be delusional as I want BUT I'll pretend that tom cruise going back to Warner Bros means we'll finally get the deleted scenes from the iwtv please please manifesting

🙏🙏🙏 Anon, embrace being delusional! I wish! If anyone's connected with Warner Bros please please tell them we want the deleted scenes!

Anyway since we're on the topic... over the years I've talked about wanting the cut scenes, and I wanted to reflect for a moment on why we want them. I think we want them because, like a delicious cake, once it's all consumed, we still look at the serving plate, hoping we can still lick the icing off the knife, or maybe the baker has some leftover cake back in the kitchen?? Or maybe they can tell us that the secret ingredient to intensifying the chocolate is ESPRESSO... We just want another taste so badly! We want to know the secret ingredients that set it apart from other cakes. And some filmmakers know that, and sometimes they're happy to share the cut scenes on a DVD release, maybe with commentary as to why the scenes were cut, like:

"Here's a scene were Louis kills a priest and ultimately we had an overall run time limit of 2 hours, but it was otherwise a perfectly good scene."

"Here's part of a set of scenes we shot early on where Lestat shows mortal Louis what killing entails, and although we loved it, we ended up improving the Lestat makeup & hair a few weeks later, and for the sake of continuity we had to cut it bc we couldn't go back to that location to reshoot, or it would have taken too much time to fix in post, etc."

Giving over the cut scenes is a little like an artist showing the scrapped versions of a painting composition, and that's fine when the creator wants to invite the viewers into their artistic process, but I think the IWTV filmmakers at the time (and for years after) really wanted the '94 movie to be serious* to the point that releasing cut scenes could have undermined their overall vision... maybe they simply didn't want to invite the audience into their creative process.

(*Serious, BUT there was certainly plenty of beauty, charm, dark humor, intimacy, desire, so much more! Maybe the filmmakers cut scenes that THEY felt didn't mesh well with the overall story they wanted to tell, like putting together an outfit and choosing accessories that go better rather than others... you know?)

WITH THAT SAID... What cut scenes would you have liked to see? That's what fanfic and fanart are for, so tell us and maybe someone will be inspired to create it for all of us 💝

IF Tom was still part of VC at all... one of my personal fantasy casting ideas was to have Tom play the Marquis in TVL, and now he's really old enough to do it! 😅 Can you imagine?? Tom playing his own horrible father! Cast younger actors to play kid!Lestat, teen!Lestat, etc.?? Tom!Marquis showing obvious preference for his two older brothers and being horrible to Gabrielle... it could be amazing.

Obviously it wouldn't be adorable like this but... I've always loved Tom Cruise characters when he interacts with kids and teens, he's always seemed very in touch with his inner child, even when that inner child is more of a 12 yo brat. Whole novels could be written on his layered performances with child and teen actors, but for now, just a few thoughts...

^From Jerry Maguire. I can't quite articulate why this was so compelling... iirc, maybe because his character is really frustrated/demoralized in this scene, and there's something comforting about a kid naively telling you that "the human head weighs 8 pounds," as if to say, "Your problems are not really as big a deal as you think they are; live in the present moment." And Tom in this character seems to absorb that deeper meaning and it gives him some relief, it's a step towards his character's growth.

When Tom played Ray in War of the Worlds, he had a teenage son, and there was a heartbreaking scene where Ray had to choose between protecting his son or his daughter. From That Moment In:

Desperate to keep his family together, Ray is forced to leave the terrified Rachel alone for a moment as he puts his weight on Robbie and forces him to the ground as the air around them lights up with smoke and tracer fire. Meanwhile, another couple, fleeing the madness, sees Rachel standing by herself and attempt to rescue her, not knowing that her father is nearby. Looking back, Ray sees this and becomes torn between his children, not wanting to lose either but forced to choose. Robbie assures his father that this is what he wants, “I want to see this,” and to please let him go, which Ray finally, achingly, submits to, seeing that Rachel is being whisked away. Father and son say goodbye as Robbie runs over the crest and Ray rushes down to get his daughter as a hellfire of explosion overtake the hills, giving us the impression Robbie has met his end.

I just love the idea of Tom playing the very character that had caused so much pain for Lestat, that Lestat was always on defense from that man, looooong after he died. Despite all the torment the Marquis inflicted on Lestat, Lestat still gave him a comfortable place to live out his last few years, the roles pretty much reversed as happens with aging parents, Lestat actually nurturing this man (not always in the kindest way but still!) in his feeble old age... and couldn't bring himself to even kill him out of mercy.

Nature & Nurture, Lestat was damaged by his father genetically and emotionally in his formative years, and so much of Lestat's bravado and verbal attacks seem to be a shield for the awful feelings of growing up unloved, unwanted, and beaten for expressing his own desires. So much so that even in canon he often expresses the intensity of his desires far more eloquently and frequently in the narration than he's able to do verbally, even with the characters he cherishes the most. Because to express his love exposed himself to losing it.

Tom could for sure pull off a performance that would capture the Marquis, because he essentially played Lestat with the qualities of a victim perpetuating some of the abuse he suffered from the man who was supposed to be (and was!) his role model for becoming the man he became. 😭

[joelletwo]

if i have ever reffed the ms carson ice melting in hand poem at u well here u go. cannot possibly give u the whole effective context bc she brings this in halfway thru the book and then goes on to use it as a loadbearing reference forever and ever and ever every chapter after. and now so do i. read eros the bittersweet

Below is a fragment of a satyr play by Sophokles entitled The Lovers of Achilles. The fragment is a description of desire. It turns eros subtly, permitting different aspects of its perversity to come to light. At the center is a cold, original pleasure. Around the center move circles of time, different kinds of time, different dilemmas set by time. Notice that this poem is an analogy. Neither its pleasure nor its various kinds of time are to be identified with eros, but the way they intersect may feel like eros to you. This disease is an evil bound upon the day. Here’s a comparison—not bad, I think: when ice gleams in the open air, children grab. Ice-crystal in the hands is at first a pleasure quite novel. But there comes a point— you can’t put the melting mass down, you can’t keep holding it. Desire is like that. Pulling the lover to act and not to act, again and again, pulling. (fr. 149 Radt)9

[...] At first the poem looks like a simple ring composition, for the whole structure is a simile whose comparandum (desire, 11. 1 and 8) neatly encircles its comparatio (grabbing a handful of ice, 11. 2-7). So, desire forms a ring around the small universe of its victims: the poet who strives to represent it, the children fascinated by its analog, the lover pinned in its compulsion. But that universe does not form the outer circle of the poem. You keep climbing, for the staircase continues to spiral. The desire at the beginning of the poem is desire as transience—it is an “ephemeral evil” (ephēmeron kakon), bound to the day that flickers over it. The desire at the end of the poem is desire as repetition—exerting its pull “over and over again” (pollakis). So time forms a ring around desire. Now, as you peer down through concentric circles of time, you see at the heart of the poem a piece of ice, melting. The startling likeness of ice drops into your perception with a shock like what the children must feel in their hands. The poem places you for shock, at an interface between two kinds of time, each of which spirals with its own logic upward through the structure of the poem, and through the psychology of desire. They seem to fit one within the other, yet there is a point where the perspectives become incompatible. [...]

[driftward]

Article Title: Application of Crystalline Nuolith Energy Channels for Increased Durability and Longevity Reading Level: Considered appropriate for those of thirteen summers and up Abstract: An investigation into the failure of nuoliths subjected to novel high energy patterns (e.g, dragonfire) revealed that a change in material composition and arrangement may improve nuolith durability. By picking a material with a crystalline structure that becomes more organized under repeated high-energy stress conditions, we have found that while the resultant nuolith becomes more brittle (i.e. more prone to stress fracture), it is less likely to spontaneously undergo rupture and resultant ‘flare-out’ failure events. Crystal selection criteria can also influence aetheric elemental alignment of nuoliths for various purposes. Notes: None Article contents believed to be relevant to current investigation into the incident. -Y.Shtola

-*-

Apple held her eye to the microscope, looking at the exposed nuolith core under it. She made a thoughtful noise to herself, and with a flick of a lever, increased the magnification. Under the scope lens, she could see the fine lines that had been grooved into the sides of the core channel. They looked to her like fine veins, with faint feathering around each one. To an untrained eye, they may have appeared random. To Apple, the pattern was obvious.

She nodded, and turned to look to Zoissette, who she had called in to review the results of her investigation. Zoissette had brought in the nuoliths a sennight ago, telling Apple of Mathye’s troubles with keeping a full nuolith array working for any extended period of time. Apparently, he was quite hard on his equipment, channeling dragonfire through the devices, which were not meant for those kind of energies.

And, occasionally, just driving them through a person, like an aether-fueled spear instead of the fine healer’s instrument they were meant to be.

Apple was not about to judge.

“Okay! Take a look!” said Apple, hopping out of the chair to make space for Zoissette.

“What am I looking at?” asked Zoissette.

“Do you see those fine lines?”

“Looks like someone took a miniature stylus and scratched it up.”

“Right. But look! They’re not random.”

Zoissette lifted her head to look quizzically at Apple, and Apple smiled broadly back at her.

“It is a fractal pattern. You might see similar in nature, you know, in the veins of leaves, or, luckily for us, in the formation of certain crystals. The dragonfire energies are powerful, but not wholly chaotic, it seems. I think what is happening is the aethers in the dragonfire create a standing resonance wave. That’s what makes it so powerful. Unlike a mage’s destructive spells, which are usually just straight elemental aether saturated with energy, the dragonfire has multiple aetheric elements.”

“The different aethers should interfere with each other, right?” asked Zoissette.

“And they do! But remember, there are the three conquests - earth grounds lightning, lightning boils water, and -”

“- and water erodes earth. Also there are the submissions, fire extinguished by wind, ice melted by fire, wind obstructed by ice.”

“Right! Now, don’t forget the nativities.”

“…lightning spark arises to fire, fire ashes all to earth, earth stills, shunning sun, becoming ice, ice fades and melts to water, water mists and turn to wind, and wind’s energies excite to lightning,” said Zoissette, almost singing. A song meant to help teach children the elemental wheel.

Apple nodded. Zoissette looked thoughtful.

“Basic elemental aetherology,” said Zoissette. “Tell me what this has to do with dragonfire and these grooves.”

“Right, well, the dragonfire is cross spectrum aether, not any singular element, but all of them together. I think that what’s happening is that it is naturally aligning the elemental forces so that they interfere in a specific way. Negative interference is kept to a minimum, but positive interference is enhanced. You can’t get rid of the negative interference altogether, of course, but what you get out is a sort of self repeating wave.”

Apple gestured at the microscope, and Zoissette peered back into it again.

“Repeating in a pattern that starts small and grows outward, never terminating. Well, not until all the aether has been consumed, anyroad. Where the grooves start I think is the bottom of each fractal - where the negative interference begins to shift to positive. And look how they feather out from there.”

“… oh, wow,” said Zoissette. She stood up, looking thoughtful. “That discovery is worth a paper itself.”

Apple smiled, looking pleased with herself.

“And with that, I think I figured out how you can engineer the nuoliths to last longer.”

Zoissette looked over, interested.

“Now that I know about the waveform, I can create a channel better suited for it. The use of some kind of multi-aspected crystal would be ideal, in an rainbow like arrangement of elements that would help guide and direct the waveform, but that would require new techniques for growing crystals, and would probably be very unstable. No, instead, I think we can use a single large unaspected crystal for each core. If I can find some exceptionally pure ones, they shouldn’t groove. Instead, the energy will actually make the crystal structure more stable as it gets used. Of course, this will harden the crystal. If you look at Mathye’s nuoliths, they bent and flexed, bulging in places, until he experienced an aether blowout. With this change, it’ll be more likely to crack instead. If he’s not careful, it’ll eventually shatter, so he’ll need to swap them out once he starts to see the stress cracks, but that should be okay. The nuoliths will last longer anyroad than with what he was doing before, and might channel a bit better as well.”

“I think Mathye can be satisfied with that,” said Zoissette, looking thoughtful. “You said an unaspected crystal core. I wonder, if you used an aspected crystal - perhaps a corrupted one for the core instead…?”

Apple shook her head. “That would throw off the dragonfire’s wave and collapse it prematurely. The nuolith will last longer, but the spell output would be much weaker.”

“Ignore the dragonfire. What if it were to be used in the normal way most Sages do, just using it as a channel for spell works and aether?”

Apple looked thoughtful. “Interesting. Give me a moment.”

She sat down, and began to scribble some notes. Zoissette peered into the microscope again, and pondered. The grooves she saw, and how Apple was describing them, were giving her the beginnings of an idea.

“Hmn. Not great,” said Apple after a few minutes of drawings and math. “You’d be limited in what spells you could use the nuolith for. Also, the channel normally does not affect the core much, but if you purposefully used such strongly aspected crystal, you’d be damping out spells that weren’t of that element, while not really enhancing the ones that are.”

“I had another thought,” said Zoissette. “You said these grooves are the result of multiple aether waveforms. Can we possibly make an artificial crystal channel with grooves intended to amplify a single element? I’m thinking… a purifier of sorts. Use an aspected core with a properly grooved channel. Nuoliths are designed to shunt off some of the aether energy that flows through them to provide healing healing magicks that the Sage can direct. I’m thinking of making a nuolith that can take aether in, shunt off the elements we are not interested in, keep the ones we are.”

Apple looked thoughtful again, and began to scribble more drawings and notes. “I don’t think that’d be much use as a Sage’s nuolith… but I think I see what you’re getting at. Channel grooves to collapse elemental aether waves we aren’t interested in, amplify the ones we are interested in, and channel the leftover parts of what we are not interested in…“

Apple grinned up at Zoissette. “Thinking about making a nuolith to fire a pure elemental blast? You could just study more thaumaturgy, you know. It’d be easier.” She looked back down at her notes. “…but I think it’s doable.”

Zoissette smiled. “Great work, Apple. Back to the original problem. Do you think we can build better nuoliths for Mathye?”

Apple nodded eagerly. “I was really hoping you’d ask! I’ve already done the math and drawn up the designs.”

“How can I help?”

“Well, if you could get me the unaspected crystals, I’ll arrange for some time on the workshop fabricator. Also, I know you’re good with metalworking.” Apple held out a sheet, which Zoissette took and looked over. “Make me frames to these specifications, and we can test them and have them ready pretty fast, I think.”

Zoissette nodded. “And for that other idea of mine… can I borrow the notes you just took about it? I want to see what I can do with that.”

“Oh, sure, of course!”

“Thank you, Apple. I really appreciate this.”

“I’m just happy to help.”

Zoissette fidgeted, and looked mildly uncomfortable. “…I feel kind of bad asking all this of you. Is there anything I can do for you in return?”

“You’ve given me enough material for probably two, maybe three papers. I like this kind of thing! You know I do. Get me the materials I asked for, and we’ll call it even.”

Zoissette nodded and smiled at her, and after they exchanged some notes, she was on her way. Apple just sat back and smiled wistfully, waving at Zoissette’s back as she left.

She wished she’d stay around more often. But then again, that was Zoissette, always off and away, doing something or another.

Apple sighed, and returned to her own work.

[suzilight]

04.16.23 Novel Forms of Chaos

Woke early. Cuppa coffee, watching climate drama Extrapolations. Episode 1 hits hard with a possible near future. Sends me searching.  Then, saw this: "And here’s the scary part. Even before that El Nino officially forms, we’re already seeing global ocean temperatures setting a new all-time record, breaking the one set in 2016. The next jump in temperature will start from such a high base that Jim Hansen, the world’s most renowned climatologist, recently predicted that not only will we see a new global record air temperature in 2024 (“even a little futz of an El Niño should be sufficient for record global temperature”), but that it could, at least temporarily, bust through the 1.5 degree mark that the world swore to avoid in Paris just eight years ago. Hansen’s not alone in the prediction “It’s very likely that the next big El Niño could take us over 1.5C,” said Prof Adam Scaife, the head of long-range prediction at the UK Met Office. “The probability of having the first year at 1.5C in the next five-year period is now about 50:50.” As this happens, novel forms of chaos will ensue. No human has ever left us a shred of evidence about what life is like on a globe with these average temperatures. I imagine the phrase “on steroids” will get a regular workout, but it’s not quite right, since pharmaceutical enhancements work on the existing body. A planet at 420 parts per million co2 is a different planet than one at 275 parts per million. If Captain Kirk was landing on it, the first thing his tricorder would register is the composition of the atmosphere; when you’re talking planets, it’s a pretty basic data point. So we don’t really know what surprises are in store—though that news that the Antarctic current was starting to slow like a hose with a crimp is fair warning." We're in for a stretch of heavy climate - Source for above clip Deep Antarctic current slowing?? Is this true? sez me Melting Antarctic ice predicted to cause rapid slowdown of deep ocean current by 2050 | the guardian "A team of Australian scientists looked at the deep ocean current below 4,000 metres that originates in the cold, fresh and dense waters that plunge down off Antarctica’s continental shelf and spread to ocean basins around the globe. Prof Matt England, of the Climate Change Research Centre at the University of New South Wales and a co-author of the research published in Nature, said the whole deep ocean current was heading for collapse on its current trajectory. “In the past, these circulations have taken more than 1,000 years or so to change, but this is happening over just a few decades. It’s way faster than we thought these circulations could slow down. “We are talking about the possible long-term extinction of an iconic water mass.” Welp. I want to be able to push this away with claims of untested science and doomsaying, but you know what? I cannot. So far, climate science predictions are on track. We are experiencing the things they described. In fact, climate changes are happening faster than scientists' earlier predictions.

[valya-dudycz-lupescu]

Goncharov...Best Related Work?

So last Thanksgiving, when the world was aglow with #Goncharov Fever, friends and I watched the incredible project unfold with all its art, costume design, writing, musical composition, etc.; and we had the thought that this creative collaboration could possibly be nominated for the Worldcon Hugo Awards, in the category of Best Related Work.

I've been remiss in posting about my own graphic novel's eligibility, until today. Mother Christmas, written by me (Valya Dudycz Lupescu) and illustrated by Vic Terra, published by Rosarium Publishing is eligible for Best Graphic Story or Comic.

I remembered our festive conversation about Goncharov as I was filling in my ballot of Hugo Award nominations (nominations end tonight!), and I turned to Tumblr to see if anyone else had mentioned nominating Goncharov?

To my surprise, I could not find anything!

The category of Best Related Work is one of those amorphous categories that has been awarded to a range of projects. The official Hugo Awards page defines it as:

"a work related to the field of science fiction, fantasy, or fandom, appearing for the first time during the previous calendar year or which has been substantially modified during the previous calendar year. The type of works eligible include, but are not limited to, collections of art, works of literary criticism, books about the making of a film or TV series, biographies and so on, provided that they do not qualify for another category. Specifically, the Constitution says that any work in this category must be “either non-fiction or, if fictional, is noteworthy primarily for aspects other than the fictional text, and which is not eligible in any other category.” Nonfiction collections are eligible here, but fiction anthologies generally are not because all of the individual works within the anthology are eligible in one of the “story” categories. There is no category for “Best Anthology.”

Only folks with memberships to either Chicon 8 or the Chengdu Worldcon (purchased before February 1, 2023) can nominate. Nominations will close on April 30 at 11:59 pm Hawaiian time.

I've included the link below. I don't know how many people on Tumblr have memberships, but I figured I'd mention it.

Just in case.

After all, don't we owe it to Katya and Sofia? To Mrs. Claws? To Ice Pick Joe?

[bookdepositori]

Hey y'all, haven't been on here in a bit. These past few months, I was working on my senior project and I just graduated with my BFA last week. On top of being busy with that, I had multiple classes that regularly assigned me with readings, so I haven't have much freedom with what I've been reading lately and haven't been posting as a result of that. Just to break the ice with posting again, I'm going to write some quick thoughts about all of the graphic novels I read during Spring, all of which are memoirs coincidentally.

Gabrielle Bell - The Voyeurs

Of everything here, this is the one book that wasn't assigned reading from a professor. Bell has been a long-time inspiration to me and I felt like it was a good idea to dig deeper into her work while I developed my senior project. This is also my first time reading Bell since I got my first published essay by writing about her work.

This might have been a bit of a downer read while finalizing my degree in sequential art. Much of this book focuses on Bell's struggles with monetizing her work despite how much respect she has earned in the industry. What's worse is that many of her criticisms of the comic industry are ones I deeply agree with. I sort of felt like I was in an echo chamber of my own pessimism while reading sections of this book, lol.

Though this book really struck me with its visual storytelling. The opening sequence could have been a really great 3-page short story thanks to how it presents you with such a striking concept and image as soon as you open the book. Then all throughout the book, despite the visual simplicity and static page compositions, Bell consistently creates active environments and character that fully take advantage of the comics form.

This isn't a new observation, but I'm always so captured by how introspective Bell's writing is. I especially love all of the scenes in which the subject of Bell's autobiography work is brought up. The book presents you with a lot to think about concerning the nature of the autobiography. Questions that are very interesting to think about when paired with Bell's brutal honesty regarding her more negative personality traits, lol.

Lynda Barry - What It Is

Despite my long-held interest in her work, this is my first time actually reading a full Lynda Barry book. I absolutely plan on looking deeper into her bibliography in the near future. This is a book that I think was really important to read while in the last semester of my art education.

This book is very abstract in nature and its lack of consistent narrative makes it stand out against other graphic memoirs. The one central subject of this book is the concept of images. What is an image? How do images work? Why do images make us feel?

This was an incredibly unique and engaging read that made me ask a lot of questions that were very important for this moment in my life. I just wish this wasn't and assigned reading so I could've read it at a more relaxed pace. This is definitely one to re-read.

Maia Kobabe - Gender Queer

I whole-heartedly believe it was really important to read this book as well as other books that are currently being challenged on a large scale in this country. Though, unfortunately, as a narrative, I was left a little unsatisfied with this book.

I think it's really great that this book exists. I think its really good for young queer people to be able to recognize themselves in media as that is something that has been historically denied from them. I also really respect how honest Kobabe is about eir sexuality and eir sexual development, I could never be this intimate with my readers. Though, as a narrative, I feel like this book wasn't as introspective as it could have been. While I do think it's good to have representations of transition like this, I feel like this is probably a book that won't hold as much relevance in a future where more trans narratives are readily available.

After reading this book, I felt like I didn't know much about Kobabe other then eir relationship with sexuality and gender (and trashy fan fiction, which I actually do appreciate). Which is fine, this is literally a book called "Gender Queer", though the discussions of sexuality and gender within the book are simply just personal experiences without much in the way on introspection or interrogation. That's also fine though, I don't feel like I have a very nuanced perspective on my own sexuality in full honesty, though as a narrative I felt like this was lacking both as a discussion about queerness and as a gateway to conversing with Kobabe. I think this book maybe could have benefitted from Kobabe reflecting on these experiences for a couple more years and developing a deeper perspective on them.

Junji Ito - Cat Diary: Yon & Mu

This was the one re-read of this selection of books. This was something I first came across during my teenage binge of all of the Junji Ito books I could find (thanks Alfredo).

Reading this now, I admittedly didn't get too much out of it. I do still really appreciate this book and it's my go-to example for how much visual expression can influence a reading experience. There's undoubtedly a mountain of web comics you can read that feature very similar subject matter to this book, but this one stands out for *how* it communicates that subject matter to the reader. Visual storytelling is the ultimate factor in comics. One story can be told an infinite numbers of ways through variations in visual storytelling and this book is a testament to that.

[aqua-sculpt]

Aqua Sculpt: Reviews, Price, Side Effects & Ingredients

Aqua Sculpt is a game-changer in the constantly changing field of weight reduction products, promising to make the path to a healthy body easier. Imagine losing those obstinate pounds without having to follow stringent diet plans or exhausting workout regimens. Aqua Sculpt is more than just a supplement; it's a special combination of substances supported by research that increases your body's metabolism and incorporates a ground-breaking "ice water hack." This creative method creates a comprehensive weight reduction experience by fusing the cooling effects of ice-cold water with the potency of a carefully chosen composition. 

Aqua Sculpt Canada could be the solution you've been looking for if you're sick of intrusive procedures and fad diets that promise results but fall short. This supplement has gained notice for its ability to assist consumers lose an average of 27.8 pounds in a matter of weeks due to its doctor-formulated combination and demonstrated efficacy. Anyone looking for a simple, efficient answer to their weight reduction problems may choose AquaSculpt. 

What is AquaSculpt?

AquaSculpt Australia is a novel weight reduction product that uses its trademark "ice water hack" to target fat loss through a special method. This product has a powerful blend of natural substances that work together to increase calorie burning and your body's metabolism. AquaSculpt is a simpler method of weight loss than many other options that call for rigorous exercise regimens or severe food restrictions. Simply taking one capsule everyday with a glass of cold water can trigger the supplement's fat-burning effects.

The body's metabolic functions and the thermogenic properties of cold water are the foundation of Aqua Sculpt South Africa research. The product's promise of substantial weight reduction outcomes, including testimonials from customers who have lost up to 80 pounds in weight, is a major factor in its rising popularity. This makes AquaSculpt a compelling option for those struggling to find a method that works for their unique lifestyle and body.

How Does AquaSculpt Work?

AquaSculpt works on a straightforward but powerful principle: by utilizing the thermogenic qualities of cold water in conjunction with its precisely prepared chemicals, it increases your body's natural capacity to burn calories. Consuming ice water increases calorie expenditure since your body needs energy to warm the water to body temperature. 

By encouraging a state of higher calorie burning throughout the day, the pill enables users to carry on with their regular activities without having to make significant lifestyle adjustments. The components in AquaSculpt encourage fat cells, which allows your body to use fat as its main energy source. AquaSculpt users might anticipate benefits beyond weight loss. Many testimonials highlight experiences of rapid weight loss without the accompanying fatigue or irritability often associated with conventional dieting methods.

How to Take AquaSculpt

Simple and easy to use, Aqua Sculpt Sverige is made to fit in perfectly with your everyday schedule. One capsule should be taken daily with a glass of 6 to 8 ounces of icy water. This technique is essential for maximizing AquaSculpt's special advantages since the cold water intensifies the supplement's thermogenic properties.

When you first start using AquaSculpt, it's important to be consistent. Your body will adjust to the higher metabolism and fat-burning condition that AquaSculpt encourages if you include it in your regular routine. To get the most out of AquaSculpt, it's also critical to maintain general health habits and keep hydrated.

Final Thoughts

Mitolyn stands out as a ray of hope for people who want to lose weight naturally in a world full of overwhelming weight loss plans and convoluted diets. AquaSculpt offers a convincing option for anyone wishing to change their body and enhance their general health because of its special formulation, results supported by science, and simple regimen.

Weight loss is not only possible but also pleasurable thanks to the combination of natural ingredients and the creative ice water trick. Because AquaSculpt increases metabolism, users can enjoy their favorite foods guilt-free. For those who are serious about reaching their weight loss goals, Mitolyn is a worthwhile investment because of the encouraging reviews and clinical trial results that attest to its efficacy.

Start down the path to a healthier, more reassuring self by selecting Mitolyn right now. AquaSculpt is more than just a product; it's an investment in your health, backed by a satisfaction guarantee and a dedication to assisting others. 

[ivareriksson78]

Rust-Resistant Concrete Formulations: A Game Changer for Durability and Longevity

 Concrete is one of the most common materials in the construction industry, from roads and bridges to houses and factories. However, because it is durable, it faces corrosion attacks due to water, salts, or chemicals. The production of rust-resistant concrete has been a breakthrough for improved durability and lesser routine repairs and maintenance.

This article will discuss the importance of rust-resistant concrete and the ways in which these novel compositions are revolutionizing the construction industry.

The Problem of Concrete Corrosion

Rust forms when steel reinforcement bars encased in concrete react to water and oxygen, leading to an oxidation of the metallic material. This process, often referred to as corrosion, not only degrades the strength of the steel but also causes cracking and spalling in the surrounding concrete. As the rust spreads, it exerts pressure to the surrounding concrete, causing structural damage and weakening the entire structure.

The danger of rust is highly pertinent to places that are susceptible to sea salt spray, including shoreside, as well as regions in colder climates where roads receive salt treatment to prevent icing. Such pressure from this problem has encouraged researchers to develop anticorrosive concrete compositions. The primary objective is the further extension of the durability of the structure due to enhanced protection against corrosion of concrete.

Formulations that have included rust-resistant concrete.

Concrete formulations that resist rust are new materials and technologies intended to inhibit the corrosion of steel reinforcements embedded in concrete. Generally, these formulations involve the following strategies:

Corrosion inhibitors, which are chemical additives, can be incorporated in concrete to reduce electrochemical processes that lead to rust formation. These inhibitors form a protective film around reinforcing bars, thus preventing moisture and oxygen from reaching the steel. In addition, some inhibitors can reverse harmful ions that encourage corrosion.

Water-proofing agents are added during the preparation of concrete to reduce porosity and prevent intrusion of water. The reduced volume of moisture in contact with the reinforcing steel decreases the probable corrosion.

High-quality, low-permeability materials: Concrete can be made from high-quality, low-permeability materials that would decrease the chances of corrosion. These materials include low-water cement ratios and specialized aggregates, which increase the density of the concrete and prevent moisture from penetrating and reaching the embedded rebar.

Other type would involve either galvanized or stainless steel-reinforced rebar - for instance, formulations of anti-corrosive concrete using materials that are inherently resistant, which could be either stainless-steel rebar or a coated one made of galvanized steel. This is more cost-expensive but can extend for much more time the life spans of such structures under extreme environmental exposure.

Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) bar is an alternative to the conventional steel reinforcement bar. These are non-metallic bars, corrosion resistant, and increasingly preferred in conditions where rust is a considerable problem.

Advantages of Rust-Resistant Concrete

Undeniably, one of the first benefits provided by rust-resistant concrete formulations would be the increased durability in constructions. The harmful effects exerted by moisture, salts, and chemicals are reduced to extend the life cycle and diminish repairs or replacements. These developments reduce the costs related to maintaining the infrastructures as well as the inconvenience caused by these infrastructure-related projects.

Besides the economic gains, durability enhances sustainability of rust-proof concrete. That means extending the operational life of buildings would reduce the resources necessary to reassemble or rebuild it; hence, the overall carbon emission that can be traced from the construction sector would go down. Additionally, corrosion inhibitors and new materials used improve environmental friendliness of concrete through a decrease in waste produced at the demolition and construction site. Conclusion: Concrete compositions that show rust resistance indicate the highest development within the construction industry. With better corrosion protection, such concrete provides not only the safeguarding against the destructive nature of corrosion but also offers durability and sustainability in the built environment. The implementation of state-of-the-art technology like corrosion inhibitors, waterproofing compounds, and high-performance materials has been overcoming one of the most persisting problems with concrete. This solid resistant to rust will grow very crucial in the construction process while the sector continues to find innovative ways of creating their products.

[digitrenndsamr]

Silicon Wafer Market to Surge at a Robust Pace in Terms of Revenue Over 2032

Allied Market Research, titled, “Silicon Wafer Market By Type, Wafer Size and Application: Global Opportunity Analysis and Industry Forecast, 2023-2032", the silicon wafer market was valued at $15.4 billion in 2022, and is estimated to reach $25.9 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 5.4% from 2023 to 2032. 

Silicon wafer is a material used for producing semiconductors, which can be found in all types of electronic devices that improve the lives of people. Silicon which is used in Silicon Substrate comes second as the most common element in the universe; it is mostly used as a semiconductor in the technology and electronic sector. This super-flat disk is refined to a mirror-like surface. Besides, it is also made of subtle surface irregularities which make it the flattest object worldwide. It is also extremely clean, free of impurities and microparticles, qualities that are essential in making it the perfect substrate material for modern semiconductors. Silicon wafer can be used in producing chips and microchips in electronic gadgets. Due to the uniqueness of the electrical currents via silicon wafers, these semiconductors are used in creating ICs (integrated circuits). The ICs act as commands for specific actions in various electronic devices. The silicon wafer market share is the main element in integrated circuits. Simply put, integrated circuits are a composite of a variety of electronic elements that are brought together to perform a particular function.  

The semiconductor industry in silicon wafer industry has been a significant driver behind critical innovations in significant sectors like electronics, automobiles, and automation, with semiconductor technology emerging as the building block of all modern technologies. The advancements and innovations in this field are immediately impacting all downstream technologies. Foundries are increasingly investing in new advanced packaging techniques, especially silicon substrate based. Foundry vendors are researching improving transistor density with techniques like utilizing two-dimensional materials instead of silicon as the channel to develop Monolithic 3D Integrated Circuits. For instance, TSMC's chip on wafer on Substrate technology developed the world's largest silicon interposer that features room for two massive processors combined with 8 HBM memory devices in a package.  

Meanwhile, the silicon wafer market demand is hindered by susceptibility to changes in delivery chain dynamics and fluctuations within the charges of raw uncooked materials. The creation of si wafer is predicated on obtaining high-purity silicon, and any disruptions inside the delivery chain, which includes shortages or geopolitical tensions affecting the accessibility of raw uncooked materials, can impact manufacturing costs and result in charge fluctuations. Moreover, the complicated production processes concerned with wafer production make it conscious of technological advancements, developing challenges for producers to hold competitiveness and adapt unexpectedly. These elements contribute to market unpredictability, influencing the growth and profitability of the SI Wafer enterprise.  

However, a great possibility in the SI Wafer market arises from the increasing demand for superior semiconductor technology in numerous sectors. The rise of technologies which include 5G, synthetic intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT) is riding the demand for more sophisticated and compact electronic gadgets. This developing demand for high-performance and electricity-green semiconductor components is propelling the growth of the silicon wafer market size. In addition, the exploration of novel applications in electric vehicles, renewable strength, and clever devices complements the marketplace's capability. With ongoing technological progress, the silicon wafer enterprise is suitably located to enjoy the evolving panorama of electronic advancements.  

The silicon wafer market segmentation is done on the basis of wafer size, type, end user, and region. By wafer size, the market is segmented into 1 to 100mm, 100 to 300mm and above 300mm. By type, the market is divided into P type and N type. As per end user, the market is segmented into consumer electronics, automotive, industrial, telecommunication and others.  

By region, it is analyzed across North America (the U.S., Canada, and Mexico), Europe (UK, Germany, France, Russia and rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, India, Australia, South Korea, and rest of Asia-Pacific), Latin America (Brazil, Argentina and rest of Latin America), and Middle East and Africa (UAE, Saudi Arabia, South Africa and rest of MEA).   

  KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY 

The silicon wafer market growth projections is expected to be significantly in the coming years, driven by the increase in demand for secure communication. 

The market is expected to be driven by innovations in significant sectors like electronics, automobiles, and automation. 

The market is highly competitive, with several major players competing for market share. The competition is expected to intensify in the coming years as new players enter the market. The Asia-Pacific region is expected to be a major market for silicon wafer market due to increased investments in consumer electronics and automotive industries in the region. 

Competitive analysis and profiles of the major silicon wafer market analysis, such as Shin-Etsu Handotai, Siltronic AG, SUMCO CORPORATION, SK Inc., Globalwafers Co. Ltd, GRINM Semiconductor Materials Co., Ltd., Okmetic, Wafer Works Corp., Addison Engineering, Inc., Silicon Materials, Inc. are provided in this report. Market players have adopted various strategies such as investment, agreement, and expansion, to expand their foothold in the silicon wafer market. 

[govindhtech]

AORUS GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER XTREME ICE 16G GPU!

The 2700 MHz core clock and 885 AI TOPS make the AORUS GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER XTREME ICE 16G stand out. The only graphics card with the maximum frequency of GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER graphics, it speeds up gaming and AI computing. The WINDFORCE bionic shark fan design, vapour chamber, and heat-pipe assure peak thermal performance, while the card’s white and crystalized titanium aesthetic add artistic elegance to any configuration. The distinctive RGB Halo three-ring lighting and LCD Edge View enhance performance and style with customisation and monitoring.

AORUS GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER XTREME ICE 16G Features Equipped with complete ray tracing, ultra-efficient Ada Lovelace arch, and NVIDIA DLSS 3 Fourth Generation Tensor Cores: DLSS 3 can achieve up to 4X faster performance than brute-force rendering. Third-Generation RT Cores: 2X ray tracing performance GPU: GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER 16GB GDDR6X 256-bit memory interface integrated System of Windforce Cooling Edge View LCD Fusion of RGB Colours Two BIOS Metal rear plate for protection Four-year warranty (requires online registration) AORUS GeForce RTX 4080 SUPER XTREME ICE 16G GPU! Exquisitely Designed, Immeasurable Beauty

Each item has a unique titanium frost pattern, iridescent designs, and an anchoring white aesthetic. It also has a unique golden serial number, which is a symbol of distinction and a dedication to the highest level of artistic achievement and craftsmanship.

Magnificent Titanium Finish with Crystals Titanium metal is shaped into titanium crystallisation by expert craftsmanship, with each design being unique.

Exclusive Gold Serial Plaque, Limited Edition Produced in a limited edition globally, every product is further distinguished by being inscribed with a unique golden serial number.

Pearlescent Artistry With the use of colour and detail, every aspect tells a unique colour tale.

With NVIDIA Ada Lovelace Architecture, You Can Achieve Superpowers Novel Multiprocessors for Streaming Up to 2X power efficiency and performance Generation IV Tensor Cores DLSS 3 outperforms brute-force rendering by 4X. Third-Gen RT Cores: Up to two times as effective in ray tracing Modern GPUs with NVIDIA’s Ada Lovelace architecture Dedicated Ray Tracing Cores for Graphics That Are Realistic and Immersion AI-Powered Performance DLSS 3 on NVIDIA Game-Changing Sensitivity The low-latency platform NVIDIA Reflex Designed for Live Broadcasting NVIDIA Encoder NVIDIA Broadcast, RTX Video Super Resolution, and AI-Enhanced Voice and Video Quickly Boost Your Originality The NVIDIA Studio Both effectiveness and dependability Ready for Game Play and Studio Drivers SYSTEM OF WINDFORCE COOLING The dynamic strength of wind force

Three newly designed 110mm bionic shark fans, alternating spinning, twelve composite copper heat pipes, a sizable vapour chamber that comes into direct contact with the GPU, three active fans in three dimensions, and screen cooling are all part of the WINDFORCE cooling system, which offers very efficient heat dissipation.16GB GDDR6X VRAM

UPSCALED AND COOLING BIONIC FAN TECH AORUS Sharks have a considerable edge in fluid dynamics because of the dermal denticles that envelop their bodies. AORUS now has revolutionary Bionic Fan Tech, which effectively boosts airflow by decreasing micro turbulence while imitating the scale micro-surfacing.

DUPLE BALL BEARING Compared to sleeve structure, double ball bearing structure has higher heat endurance and efficiency.

DIRECTLY VERY QUICK HUGE HEAT-PIPE & VAPOUR CHAMBER

Heat from the GPU and VRAM is swiftly transferred to the heatsink via the huge vapour chamber’s direct contact with the GPU and the composite heat pipes.

THE OTHER DIRECTION CHANGEABLE SPINNING Every fan revolves in a distinct direction from the one next to it. This unique process minimises the offset that occurs between airflows, which lowers turbulence and raises air pressure.

3D ACTIVE SUPPORTER Semi-passive cooling is provided by the 3D Active Fan, and the fans

Allocate space for the airflow COOLING SCREEN The heatsink stretches across the PCB to improve ventilation by providing greater area for air to flow through. The design of this screen cooling system improves heat dissipation.

EDGE VIEW LCD Along with graphics card information, the LCD monitor shows a variety of favourite texts, images, and GIFs. With GIGABYTE CONTROL CENTRE, lighting effects can also be modified.

PASSIONATE You can choose several GPU and VRAM statuses for real-time monitoring, including temperature, frequency, use, and fan speed.

RGB COMBINATION The renowned three-ring lighting offers breathtaking visual pleasure. In the GIGABYTE CONTROL CENTRE, you may select any lighting effect and synchronise with other devices.

SUPERB IN EVERY ESSENTIAL TWO BIOS OC mode is the factory default configuration that offers the optimum performance to consumers. You will, however, experience a quieter environment if you switch to silent mode.

PLATE FOR PROTECTION METAL BACK The metal back plate not only gives the graphics card a stylish appearance, but it also provides complete protection and reinforces its structural integrity.

POWER INDICATED A blinking warning light alerts gamers about power supply issues.

PCB HEATING Dust-resistant: protects against abrasion, dust, insects, falling screws, and drill shavings. Moisture resistance: it shields the board from damage and undesired conduction routes. Protects against humidity, salt spray, and rust. rust resistant.

STRONGLY BUILT A MASSIVE OVERCLOCKING Because of the graphics card’s superior power phase design, the MOSFETs can function at lower temperatures and produce a voltage output that is more stable. Each MOSFET’s load balancing can significantly increase overclocking performance and lengthen the card’s lifespan.

VERY STRONG Superior performance and extended system life are achieved by using Ultra Durable certified highest-grade metal chokes, reduced ESR solid capacitors, 2 oz copper PCB, and lower RDS(on) MOSFETs, along with an over-temperature design.

COMPASSIVE PCB DESIGN A fully automated production method guarantees the highest calibre circuit boards and removes the sharp solder connector protrusions that are typically present on the surface of PCBs.Building with this user-friendly design protects your hands from cuts and component damage.

A 4-YEAR WARRANTY Gigabyte wish to provide you with the best service you’ve ever had. For this reason,they would like to extend their usual 3-year guarantee to include an extra year of complimentary protection for your graphics card. Within 30 days of purchase, you can register on the Internet to receive a 4-year warranty.

ABILITY DURING THE GAME The greatest power supply options for your graphics cards are available from GIGABYTE. The AORUS or UD series are the two options available for powering your graphics card.

Read more on Govindhtech.com

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

Cenotectic concept redefines search for life on icy worlds

As NASA's Europa Clipper embarks on its historic journey to Jupiter's icy moon, Europa, Dr. Matt Powell-Palm, a faculty member at Texas A&M University's Department of Mechanical Engineering, has unveiled research that could transform our understanding of icy ocean worlds across the solar system.

The study published in Nature Communications, co-authored with planetary scientist Dr. Baptiste Journaux of the University of Washington, introduces a novel thermodynamic concept called the "cenotectic" and investigates the stability of liquids in extreme conditions—critical information for determining the habitability of icy moons like Europa.

The exploration of icy ocean worlds represents a new frontier in planetary science, focusing on understanding the potential for these environments to support life. Powell-Palm's research addresses a fundamental question in this field: under what conditions can liquid water remain stable on these distant, frozen bodies?

By defining and measuring the cenotectic, the absolute lowest temperature at which a liquid remains stable under varying pressures and concentrations, the team provides a critical framework for interpreting data from planetary exploration efforts.

This study combines Powell-Palm's expertise in cryobiology—specifically the low-temperature thermodynamics of water—initially focused on medical applications like organ preservation for transplantation, with Journaux's expertise in planetary science and high-pressure water-ice systems. Together, they developed a framework that bridges disciplines to tackle one of the most fascinating challenges in planetary science.

"With the launch of NASA Europa Clipper, the largest planetary exploration mission ever launched, we are entering a multi-decade era of exploration of cold and icy ocean worlds. Measurements from this and other missions will tell us how deep the ocean is and its composition," said Journaux.

"Laboratory measurements of liquid stability, and notably the lowest temperature possible (the newly-defined cenotectic), combined with mission results, will allow us to fully constrain how habitable the cold and deep oceans of our solar system are, and also what their final fate will be when the moons or planets have cooled down entirely."

The research was conducted at Texas A&M and led by mechanical engineering graduate student Arian Zarriz. The work reflects Texas A&M's deep expertise in water-ice systems and tradition of excellence in space research, which spans multiple disciplines.

"The study of icy worlds is a particular priority for both NASA and the European Space Agency, as evidenced by the flurry of recent and upcoming spacecraft launches," said Powell-Palm.

As planetary exploration missions, such as those targeting icy moons, continue to expand our understanding of the solar system, researchers at Texas A&M and beyond prepare to analyze the wealth of data they will provide. By combining experimental studies like those conducted by Powell-Palm and Journaux with the findings from these missions, scientists aim to unlock the secrets of cold, ocean-bearing worlds and evaluate their potential to harbor life.

IMAGE: Schematic interior structure of an icy moon and the various geological processes involving the eutectic and cenotectic. Credit: Nature Communications (2024). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54625-z

[spacenutspod]

Imagine Jupiter with a diamond core the size of Earth. That’s what science fiction author Arthur C. Clarke described in his novel (and movie) 2010: Odyssey 2. Now, imagine the same thing, but at Uranus and Neptune. In addition to a possible diamond core, diamond rain fills the interior. Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory think they know how these diamonds form on ice-giant planets.“‘Diamond rain’ on icy planets presents us with an intriguing puzzle to solve,” said SLAC scientist Mungo Frost, who led the research. “It provides an internal source of heating and transports carbon deeper into the planet, which could have a significant impact on their properties and composition. It might kick off movements within the conductive ices found on these planets, influencing the generation of their magnetic fields.”Modeling Diamond RainThe interiors of Uranus and Neptune are completely alien to us here on Earth. Planetary scientists call them “ice giants” because their main components are mostly water and hydrocarbons—essentially ammonia, and methane. Those are commonly thought of as icy volatile compounds. We only see the exterior clouds and upper atmosphere—and each planet sports a slightly different shade of blue. But, once you get inside these worlds, the pressure of all that material compresses the lower layers. The temperatures inside can be as high as several thousand Kelvin.Diagram of the interior of Uranus as an example of the deeper environment where ice diamonds form. Credit: Public DomainThe high pressure and temperature cause some weird effects. For example, the water exists in a strange kind of “supercritical fluid” state. That’s thanks to the fact that it’s being compressed. The same high temps and pressures, along with the presence of oxygen, combine to compress the hydrocarbons into diamonds.So, how do you prove that’s what’s happening? Frost and his colleagues wanted to simulate the extreme conditions thought to exist in the ice giants in an experiment at SLAC. So, they placed polystyrene film (a stand-in for the hydrocarbons) into a chamber called a “diamond anvil cell.” Two diamonds inside acted as anvils. They held the film during bombardment by high-energy X-rays. Next, they heated the film to 2200 degrees Celsius, which imitated the environment inside the two planets. The result was diamonds forming from the film. An experiment conducted by an international team of scientists recreated the “diamond rain” believed to exist in the interiors of ice giants like Uranus and Neptune. Credit: Greg Stewart/SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryNext, they took the experiment a step further and extended the time of the bombardment. That let them figure out the depths inside the planets where these diamonds form. Heating the film over longer timescales showed them that the diamonds could be created at lower pressures and temperatures. Inside Uranus and Neptune, the diamonds form and “rain out” at very shallow depths inside the planet.A Surprise Effect on the Magnetic FieldIf diamonds do form inside the ice-giant planets at shallower depths, then they probably have an interesting side-effect on the planet’s magnetic field, which is already kind of weird. On Earth, the outer core generates our magnetic field. However, the ice giants don’t have the same core structure that we do. Instead, a thin layer of conducting material probably generates their magnetic fields. The result is an asymmetrical magnetic field that doesn’t extend from the poles as Earth’s does. The magnetic fields on both are tilted and dozens of times stronger than Earth’s.The Uranus magnetic field shows how the ice giant fields are offset. Image: Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3059141So, how does this affect the fields? After the diamonds are created inside the planet, they “rain down”. As they do, they affect the creation of the planetary magnetic fields. Here’s how that happened. The diamonds drift down, dragging gas and ice along with them to the inner layers. Since the diamonds form above a layer of conductive ice, they end up “stirring” that layer. That activity creates currents in the layer, creating a “dynamo” that helps drive the creation of the magnetic field.While there’s no way to dive into Uranus and Neptune to see these actions are taking place, the experiments are still groundbreaking. They provide much-needed insight into just what conditions are like inside those worlds. And, they could help us understand similar worlds around other stars. The next step now is for the researchers to create more in-depth experiments and models of those worlds. That work should shed new light onto exactly how diamond rain forms on and impacts the properties of those other distant worlds.For More Information‘Diamond rain’ on Icy Planets Offers Clues into magnetic field mysteriesDiamond Precipitation Dynamics from Hydrocarbons at Icy Planet Interior ConditionsThe post Diamond Rain on Ice Giants Could Influence Their Magnetic Fields appeared first on Universe Today.

[2brothersdistillers]

Science Behind Creating Balanced & Flavorful Liquor Drinks

Making a genuinely exceptional liquor cocktail involves more than just mixing and pouring. It's a delicate balance of science, creativity, and knowledge of how tastes combine and engage our senses. While the end product may appear to be pure magic, the science underlying crafting balanced and tasty liquor beverages is intriguing, and grasping it may open up a world of possibilities for any aspiring mixologist.

Liquor base

Liquor is the foundation of many beverages, each with its flavor profile dictated by its raw materials and distillation process. The alcohol concentration, which is obtained during fermentation and distillation, not only provides potency but also determines the viscosity and texture of the drink.

Essential role of chemical composition

Chemistry is crucial in the production of alcoholic beverages. Spirits' tastes are influenced by a variety of chemical components. Congeners, for example, are byproducts of fermentation and age that give particular smells and fragrances, whereas esters contribute fruity or flowery overtones.

Impact of aging and maturation

When liquor is aged in barrels, various chemical processes occur that modify the flavor character. Wood-derived components interact with the spirit, adding qualities like as vanillin, tannins, and other wood-derived compounds. This aging procedure improves the drink's depth and complexity.

Flavor development through distillation

The distillation process, which is essential in the creation of liquor, separates alcohol from other components. Different distillation processes and fraction selection influence the final taste. This method concentrates desired tastes while removing contaminants.

Balancing act of ingredient pairing

A well-balanced liquor cocktail is made by combining spirits with other ingredients such as mixers, bitters, or garnishes. Understanding how distinct tastes interact and complement one another at the molecular level is critical. Sweetness may be used to temper bitterness, acidity can be used to balance sweetness, and fragrant herbs can be used to provide depth.

Precision and ratios in Mixology

Mixologists employ precision in measurements to create harmony. Ratios of components define the drink's overall character. Whether it's the classic cocktail recipes or innovative concoctions, the correct balance of ingredients is key to a harmonious blend of flavors.

Temperature and dilution dynamics

Temperature influences the perception of taste. Cold temperatures can reduce tastes, whereas little warmth might accentuate them. Dilution, through stirring, shaking, or the addition of ice, not only adjusts the drink's strength but also impacts its texture and flavor release.

Innovations in flavor extraction

Innovative approaches help in taste extraction and enhancement. These procedures, which range from vacuum distillation to sous-vide infusions, maximize flavor extraction, allowing for better accuracy and control over the final taste character of the liquor.

Psychology of sensory perception

Aside from chemistry, sensory perception affects how we perceive a drink. Glassware, presentation, and even the ambient all contribute to our enjoyment, influencing our impression of the flavor and quality of the drink.

Making a balanced and delectable alcoholic cocktail requires a complex combination of scientific knowledge, expertise, and imagination. It's a painstaking ballet of chemical interactions, precise measurements, and novel procedures culminating in a sensory experience that tempts the taste. Mixologists continue to push the frontiers of science and creativity, creating liquid masterpieces that fascinate and thrill connoisseurs all over the world. If you are looking for liquor sold by a distillery, and a local distillery in Florida, James Two Brothers Distillery is the best option. They offer small boutique-style production of beverage-grade spirit alcohol with simple principles; hard work and honesty. Contact them by writing to paulj@2brothersdistillers.com or call at 352-291-0585.

[tarzantips]

Top 9 Benefits of Vodka for Women

Many people wouldn’t really believe the benefits of vodka. More so for women, women have an entirely different body composition from men and so vodka has different effects on a woman’s body too.

Benefits of Vodka

Here we are going to take a look at some of the vodka benefits that it has to offer specifically for women,

1. for STRESS

There’s nothing better than a glass of vodka after a long, hard day at work. Alcohol, in general, is considered to be a stress buster, but vodka actually does take the prize. It helps to relax the body and mind and feel re-energized again.

2. Relieves Earache

There are also topical benefits of vodka. Putting a few drops of vodka in the ear for a few minutes and then wiping it off with a wet wash-cloth will kill the bacteria. It will reduce any sort of bacterial or fungal earache. Vodka sanitizes the ear and prevents infection in it.

3. Reduce Headache

Headache due to fever, weakness, or migraine can reduce. Mix vodka in some water and dip a towel. Lying down with this towel on your forehead can significantly reduce any headache. Surely this is one of the novel vodka benefits.

4. Improves ORAL Health

Vodka can also be used as a mouthwash. Mixing it with warm water and cinnamon can make a natural and organic mouthwash. This has a shelf life of up to 2 weeks outside the refrigerator. Swishing it in the mouth for a few seconds every morning will help to clean off the oral bacteria, prevent cavities and also treat bad breath or halitosis.

5. Easy Bandage removal and Wound Cleansing

This is another one of the many benefits of vodka. In case of a wound, if there a bandage tied that needs to be removed after some time, sometimes it can get painful. A few drops of vodka on the bandage before removal reduces the stickiness of the bandage, making it less painful to remove. Also, alcohol naturally cleanses wounds off bacteria and sanitizes the germs as well.

Read: Home Remedies for Bedwetting - Natural Approaches to Help Manage Nocturnal Enuresis

6. Improve Complexion

Vodka acts as a natural toner for the skin. A few drops on a cotton pad rubbed gently on the face give a glow and cleans off the makeup as well. It is a great alternative to expensive makeup removers or toners that you get in the market.

7. HAIR

This is one of the very novel and unpopular vodka benefits. A few drops on the scalp clear dandruff. It helps to improve the overall health of the scalp and balances the PH level. Hair is nourished and growth is also speeded up.

8. Insect Bite Treatment

In case of an insect biting, usually, there is swelling, redness, and pain. The spirit in vodka acts to clear the bacteria and it is also a pain-killer. A vodka-dipped cotton ball held over the insect bite for some time may sting but it surely reduces the pain and redness much sooner than if it is just left to heal on its own.

9. Body ACHE

We often experience random pains and aches throughout our bodies. Mix vodka and water in equal amounts and mix well. Then freeze them into ice cubes. Instead of regular ice-packs, use these cubes and rub over the pained body part for pain relief and muscle relaxation.

Vodka Benefits for Female

There definitely are many benefits of vodka as seen here and more. However, it is mandatory to remember that in the end it is alcohol and has various side effects if consumed in uncontrolled quantities. These positive effects are only to be relied on if vodka is consumed responsibly.

(more)