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Psychosis does not bite [2]

How to write about a schizophrenic? "And just as insanity, in the higher sense of the word, is the beginning of all wisdom, so schizophrenia is the beginning of all art, all fantasy" Hermann Hesse In the public opinion, few mental illness evokes as much lively and often exaggerated emotions as schizophrenia. We associate people with this disorder with Sigmund Freud [the creator of psychoanalysis used in the treatment of schizophrenia], personality disorders, partial memory loss and mental split. In many movies and books, schizophrenics are portrayed as brutal killers unable to distinguish between the real world and fiction, and people who are constantly hallucinating. For this reason, many people believe that schizophrenics are people with whom it is impossible to get in touch with, and most of all they find that they are very aggressive. In fact, studies did not show any correlation between mental illness and the tendency to commit crimes or aggression. Another stereotype is the image of a schizophrenic as a person who can never distinguish between the real world and the fictional one. Sick people hallucinate, but they do not last forever. Schizophrenia is also not related to naivety, so to say that they cannot tell truth from false is not true. But what exactly is schizophrenia? It is a mental illness that affects every hundredth person. "Schizophrenia is a thinking disorder in which the ability to recognize reality, emotional responses, and communication are deteriorated. In some cases these symptoms are transient, but in most cases they come back intermittently or persistently." Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by psychotic episodes [the patient then has a distorted perception of reality]. The sick person also experiences hallucinations [hears and sees phenomena that do not really exist] and delusions [for example, the person may feel that someone is trying to hurt him or her]. Schizophrenia affects the neural pathways that use dopamine as a neurotransmitter. Many medications to relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia block dopamine receptors. The chemicals that stimulate the release of dopamine are amphetamines and PCP [phencyclidine, "angel dust"], which can cause the same symptoms as schizophrenia. But taking LSD can lead to flashbacks, or hallucinations. Schizophrenia is a mental illness whose literal name [schizo - split, phren - mind] means to split the mind. Splitting is understood here as the disintegration of all mental functions. Schizophrenia, therefore, does not amount to a split personality. Thus, the term schizophrenia refers to the fragmentation of what was properly constituted by the integrated functions of the brain. one of the axial symptoms of schizophrenia is autism - that is, withdrawal from the outside world and living with the inner world. "More than once, from childhood, and usually from puberty, future patients feel bad in their environment, run away to the world of dreams, feel different than their peers [...]." The main symptoms of schizophrenia also include: feeling dull, auditory hallucinations, delusions, disconnecting from the real world and living with your own world, problems with concentration, disorganization, lack of concentration, the patient is unable to hierarchize information or express what he thinks, changing moods, irritability , emotional flatness, memory problems, delusions [rely on false beliefs and judgments, very often schizophrenics believe that they are victims of a conspiracy, they can talk to extraterrestrials - it is difficult to convince the patient that their theories are wrong], hallucinations - usually auditory voices] or visual [hallucinations], suspiciousness, loss of motivation and interest, emotions at inappropriate times [laughter for no reason], behavioral disturbances - periods of agitation [overactivity] or dullness [catatonia]. It should be remembered that not all symptoms occur in every patient, and their intensity also varies. In addition, schizophrenia is very difficult to diagnose,

many people confuse its symptoms with those of psychotic depression. And the fact that some of you have problems with memory, concentration and sometimes laugh under your breath at a recently heard joke does not make you schizophrenic. You need a psychiatrist to make a diagnosis, not an online test. Schizophrenia can begin suddenly, but it can onset also be slow, neurotic, or paragnosed. sudden onset "In the first case, there is a sudden change in behavior. It can be a rage attack - a strong excitement with the usually dominant feeling of fear, acute confusion, stupor, weirdness, distraction, unstructured delusions, hallucinations, flight, attempted suicide or self-mutilation. like a rupture of the existing structure, signals the onset of the disease. " slow start "In the second case, the facade is preserved, the patient has apparently not changed, he keeps his social forms, he works. The change is felt rather than noticed. Something elusive separates him from his loved ones, as if he was from another world and did not walk on the same earth. Sometimes he will betray him. from his delusional suspicions, strange thoughts, chaos or emptiness in his head. Sometimes the surroundings will reflect too often, excluding them from the course of the conversation, staring into the distance, strange facial expression, not corresponding to the current psychological situation, fleeting grimace of hatred, ecstasy, burst of laughter, apathy , lack of initiative, avoiding company, looking for loneliness, neglecting everyday duties, even the simplest ones, concerning body hygiene, excessive piety, abandoning old interests, etc." neurotic onset "There are also so-called" pseudo-neurotic "forms of schizophrenia, in which hypochondriacic, neurasthenic, anankastic or hysterical symptoms are in the foreground. Although in conversation with the patient it is often felt that the person is dealing with a deeper disorder than with neurosis, it is difficult, however, justify your beliefs. Apart from an undefined sense of otherness and strangeness, certain details sometimes make it possible to distinguish the neurotic form of schizophrenia from ordinary neurosis. [...] Underneath the neurasthenic symptoms there is a feeling of emptiness, hatred of life, apathy. Hypochondriac complaints take a bizarre form - the body turns into a complex machine with which mysterious, magical things happen. [...] Intrusive thoughts, compulsive acts and phobias are becoming more and more bizarre, sometimes macabre. And at the same time, critical evaluation of them gradually fades away, so that they sometimes turn into delusions. " Paragnomen "It happens that an outbreak of an illness is preceded for a few weeks or months by a short episode of unusual behavior, inconsistent with the character and current life line of the patient. E. Brzezicki described this type of outburst as paragnomen, or actio praeter expectationem, i.e. beyond the limits of predictability, both in the assessment of the environment and the actor himself. Paragnomenic behavior should be distinguished from impulsive acts [...]. If an unexpected, unmotivated act has the character of a crime and if, as it turns out later, [is] the first harbinger of schizophrenia, then it is referred to as delictum initiale. " There are four forms of schizophrenia - simple, hebephrenic, catatonic and paranoid. These characters often mix and blend into each other. Sometimes it is difficult to determine which of them is dominant.

There are three phases of schizophrenia: possession, adaptation and degradation. Not everyone has all three of them, sometimes the first time the patient fully recovers. The duration of individual periods is also different. In simple and hebephrenic forms, the first two phases are often short-lived and pass imperceptibly, giving the impression that the patient is immediately entering the phase of degradation.

Sometimes the duration of the schizophrenic process lasts until the patient's death, in other cases it ends after a few months or weeks, and according to Eugeniusz Bleuer, it may only last a few hours. Often, schizophrenia [especially catatonic] is cyclical - there are spikes in the disease from time to time, and in the intervals between them the patient is well or shows slight traces of degradation. A collection of uncategorized facts and quotes:A collection of uncategorized facts and quotes: 1) Patients with schizophrenia may experience psychosomatic pains. 2) Since antiquity, schizophrenia has been considered possession, and paradoxically many schizophrenics are overly religious. 3) Schizophrenia was originally called dementia praecox [early dementia]. 4) Schizophrenia most often occurs between the ages of 15 and 30. 5) A schizoid [not schizophrenic] is a person who has difficulty establishing warm emotional relations with the environment. 6) "Future schizophrenics often show certain personality traits since childhood that distinguish them from the rest of their siblings. These are features such as shyness, difficulty in making contacts with the environment, a feeling of inferiority compensated by a tendency to dream, excessive submission, etc. "

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Psychosis does not bite [1]

How to write about a psychopath? "Psychopathy [...] is an abyss, cold and without any traces of feelings" Kevin Dutton When we hear the word "psychopath", the first thing that comes to our mind is ourselves!

Another thought is brutal murderers and people in a state where they threaten themselves and others. Everyone unquestionably connects being a psychopath with being an aggressive and psychotic person. The truth, however, is not what we commonly think. To start with, scientists are still arguing whether there is a psychiatric diagnosis of a psychopath. Many of them are inclined to the definition of "antisocial personality disorder", or more precisely "a generalized pattern of disregarding and violating other people's rights, occurring from the age of fifteen and manifesting itself in the form of at least three of the following symptoms: non-compliance with social norms, irresponsibility, fraud, irrespective of the welfare of others, lack of planning skills and tendency to irritation and aggression. " [according to Fabio Macciardi] “Despite the controversy surrounding the existence of psychopathy as such, psychiatrists generally agree that one of the hallmarks of psychopaths is a lack of empathy - what might be called a flat emotional field. The psychopath may not hate, but neither does he love the way most of us want to love and be loved. Psychopaths are usually adept at manipulation, masters of lies, and turn out to be quite honest and disarmingly charming. Unlike most people, they are not afraid of consequences and usually react to consequences just like the others. Stress from being caught lying or acting brutally, some of them then remain stoic, even the most dangerous sometimes seem jovial, carefree and outgoing, but sooner or later their distance, discreet indifference or disrespect for others noticeable. They are often impulsive but guilt-free and twist. This means that they can draw others into their reckless, often dangerous play, and then walk away when someone gets hurt by shrugging their shoulders. " In practice, this means that the psychopath is charming and cute at the same time, but also deadly at times. The most outlined features of psychopaths include: high self-esteem, narcissism, fearlessness, ruthlessness, impulsiveness, propensity to risk, pathological lies, tendency to cheat, Machiavellianism. Psychopaths often have multiple sexual partners, are also prone to fleeting relationships, and often arouse the interest of the opposite sex. "Psychopathy is associated with a lack of neuroticism and anxiety, which can reduce the fear of rejection and create an aura of domination; narcissism is associated with go-ahead and ostentatious emphasis on one's own success, and Machiavellianism means skillfully manipulating people. Together, these three characteristics, at least in the short term, make up in the image of a cool, confident and charismatic man who is successful and with whom it is fun to show . But in the long run, however, it turns out otherwise. " James Fallon's etiology [research on the causes of the disease] of psychopathy is as follows: 1) very poor functioning of the orbital prefrontal cortex and the front part of the temporal lobe, including the amygdala; 2) high-risk gene variants, the best known of which is the warrior gene [aggressive behavior]; 3) experience of emotional, physical or sexual abuse in early childhood. The most popular diagnostic tool is the Psychopathy Checklist Revised [PCL - R, Revised Observational Scale of Psychopathic Tendencies, also known as the Psychopathy Scale and the Hare Scale [after psychiatrist Robert D. Hare]]. Most people score an average of two points in the test, and the result qualifying the respondent as a psychopath is 27 or more points; however, only 1% of women and 3% of men achieve such a high PCL-R score. A collection of uncategorized facts and quotes: 1) Psychopaths are often addicted; "They are constantly looking for more and more stimulation, whether with drugs or macabre violence." 2) Psychopaths tend to have many interests but burn out quickly. 3) Criminal psychopaths were frequently abused physically, emotionally or sexually during their childhood [70% of the thirty-five respondents]. 4) Psychopaths are not very fond of other people's

touch. 5) Psychopaths are characterized by emotional poverty. Materials "The Wisdom of Psychopaths. A Life Lesson from Saints, Spies, and Serial Killers" Kevin Dutton "Discover the psychopath in yourself and achieve success" Kevin Dutton, Andy McNab "Psychopath's Brain" by James Fallon

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Psychosis does not bite - or how to write about mental illness

Mental illness is not a taboo subject these days, or at least it shouldn't be. Nowadays, statistically every seventh person is struggling with or struggling with a mental illness, but despite the fact that medicine is still developing, we still know relatively little about the human brain, so diagnosing some diseases may resemble fog-walking. You must know that I am not going to present you any Enlightened Truths here, because I have a lot to learn myself [which I am constantly doing], but I would like to share with you what I know. If I manage to help someone in this way or get someone interested in an issue - I will achieve my goal.

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Why am I here

I decided to create this account to write a little about mental illness and how to talk about it. I thought it was a good topic so I hope someone will read it.