crimson-biotechnology

[crimson-biotechnology]

Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum: An Emerging Threat in Global Warmth Era_ Crimson Publishers

Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum: An Emerging Threat in Global Warmth Era by Pakdaman BS In Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

Global warmth as a universal disaster threatens the biodiversity on the earth via its direct devastative impact (fires, floods, and storms) as well as through its stressful impact on the physiology of living organisms. Consequently, some of thermophilic pathogens will get the opportunity to exert their harmful influences on the life of plants, animals and human. The increased incidence of the diseases caused by the thermophilic fungus, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is just one of the biological impacts of global warmth that would annihilate the important woods and affect crop production. The fungus is also pathogenic on humans. The windborne arthrospores of the fungus will be easily disseminated by air currents and the rate of infections will rise. This article considers the real facts and suggests realistic opinions for the management of the disease.

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In Vitro Assessment of the Free Radical Scavenging Activity, Proximate and GC-MS analyses of Essential and Fixed oil of Nigella sativa from Pakistan_ Crimson Publishers

In Vitro Assessment of the Free Radical Scavenging Activity, Proximate and GC-MS analyses of Essential and Fixed oil of Nigella sativa from Pakistan by Zahra N In Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

The current work was carried out to study the Nigella sativa which is a prominent native plant and is well known for its medicinal prominence for the treatment of many diseases. By using the standard methods the nutritional values of the seed and oil of Nigella sativa were determined. The contiguous investigation was done to find out moisture, ash, fat, fiber, protein, carbohydrates and energy. The moisture contents of seed (7.70%) had lesser moisture content then the cake (8.48%). Ash content of the seed was 3.52% and ash content of the cake was 3.57%. The value of seed ash content was nearly same as the ash content of cake. The fiber content of seed 5.86% and fiber content of cake is 6.70%. Nigella sativa is considered as best seeds reducing diabetes and cholesterol level in blood. The fat contents of seed and cake was 31.02% and 11.54%. The protein contents of the seed and cake were 19.78% and 17.35%. Total energy of seed and cake was 486.78 and 382.70; there was a significant difference between energy value of seed and cake. The Antioxidant activity of the fixed & essential oil was determined by using DPPH assay and reducing power activity which showed that the antioxidant activity of fixed oil (% Inhibition DPPH 72.27+2.5) was higher than the essential oil (% Inhibition DPPH 63.39+2.3) at 20μl concentration. In the light of the above consideration, the results of the study revealed that Nigella sativa showed promising antioxidant activity in a dose dependent manner in both assay. GC-MS analysis of both oil were also showed number of antioxidant compounds.

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Innovation in Information Technology for Biomedicine: Ontologies Applied to the Systems Interoperability_ Crimson Publishers

Innovation in Information Technology for Biomedicine: Ontologies Applied to the Systems Interoperability by Mauricio B Almeida In Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

Biomedicine is a vibrant field identified with a continuous in innovation. To address the vast amounts of biomedical data, before innovating, one needs to interoperate data between information systems. Here we provide a brief account of the pioneer initiatives to foster systems integration.

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Studies on the Isolation, Characterization and Extra-Cellular Enzymatic Activities of the Pathogen Helminthosporium Oryzae Causing Brown Spot Disease of Rice_ Crimson Publishers

Studies on the Isolation, Characterization and Extra-Cellular Enzymatic Activities of the Pathogen Helminthosporium Oryzae Causing Brown Spot Disease of Rice by Archana U Singh  In Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

Rice is an important Cereal and staple food for human population. In the present study a major fungal pathogen (Helminthosporium oryzae) causing brown spot disease of Rice was studied. Isolation, Characterization and Extra-cellular enzymatic activities of the pathogen Helminthosporium oryzae was carried out for confirming pathogenic nature of fungus causing Brown Spot Disease of Rice.

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Combating Bacterial Infection of Rice Using Magnetic Nanoparticles_ Crimson Publishers

Combating Bacterial Infection of Rice Using Magnetic Nanoparticles by Manoranjan Arakha In Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles like Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (IONPs) hold the fundamental class in nanotechnology owing to their novel properties such as magnetism, biocompatibility, easy surface modification and encapsulation, uptake efficiency and release. Their interdisciplinary nature can be judged from the fact that it has also been applied in agriculture with the main purpose to increase productivity and improve nutrient use. Novel Fe2O3 nanoparticles are biocompatible and when efficiently surface coated showed enhanced antimicrobial activity against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria. This review focuses on the potentials of IONPs as a competitive substitute of pesticides with high antimicrobial activity against a wide range of plant pathogens along with low negative impacts on the environment. Iron oxide nano formulations along with pesticides will be effective against the bacterial as well as fungal diseases of the rice plant.

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Advanced Results in Biological Researches: Informational Structure and Info-Operability of the Living Systems_ Crimson Publishers

Advanced Results in Biological Researches: Informational Structure and Info-Operability of the Living Systems by Gaiseanu F In Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Editorial

There are a few fundamental problems still unsolved up to date, in spite of the intensive and multidisciplinary researches with modern/highly developed means of investigation in biological structures, and of the great advances concerning especially the study of the mechanisms involved in the micro-structuration from the simplest to the more complex organism, that of the human. One of these major problems is to answer the question “what is life” [1]. This concise question, as simple as it is comprehensive in terms of the broad spectrum of scientific branches involved, lanced in the first half of the last century, remains a great challenge even today. Another fundamental question remained since millennia on the working table of scientists and philosophers refers to the understanding of consciousness, which however received recently an informational response [2]. And more than that, an immediate derived question is if the subhuman species could have consciousness.

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Raw Materials for Food and Health Care Applications: An Overview on the Role of Oxygen, Moisture, and Temperature on their Stability by Mohammad Reza Kasaai In Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Natural materials play a decisive role in biotechnology (food, nutrition, pharmacy and health care). A major research and development on these materials focuses on their stability and storage. In this article, an effort has been made to provide a very short view from some available literature information on the effects of oxygen, moisture (water activity), and temperature on their stability within storage period [1-4].

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Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tendon Repair in Horses: Experimental Study

Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tendon Repair in Horses: Experimental Study by Shokry MM in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Tendon lesions are a major cause of lameness and reduced performance in athletic horses and may result in the early termination of the animal’s career with subsequent significant economic loss and animal welfare [1]. Injury of the Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon (SDFT) is the most common tendon injury in the sport horse and it occurs most frequently in the race horses and occur commonly in the center of the unsheathed portion of the SDFT [2,3]. Approximately 70% of race horses having tendon injuries (largely to the SDFT) failed to return to previous level of performance in any race [4]. Re-injury rates of 23-67% have been reported in various equine sports disciplines; 19-70% are ultimately retired due to original or the subsequent re-injury [5-9]. Conventional treatments for tendonitis are basically clinical and surgical approaches. However, the recovered animals are rarely sufficiently healed to allow their return to competitive with a performance similar to that observed when they were healthy [10]. Currently regenerative medicine has significantly evolved and stimulated investigations of methods for modulating tendon healing that provided better repair consistent with original tendon architecture [11,12]. Adult tissue derived stem cells have emerged as injectable potentially multi-potent cells that have the capability of differentiating and participating in the healing of various musculoskeletal tissues, including tendons [13-16]. The objective of the present study was to clinically, ultrasonography and morpho-histopathology evaluate the effect of autologous Mesenchyme Stem Cells (MSC) in the treatment of horses with experimentally induced collagenase tendonitis.

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Dissolvable Microneedles for Effective Immunization During Pandemic Outbreaks_ Crimson Publishers

Dissolvable Microneedles for Effective Immunization During Pandemic Outbreaks by Shiny Velayudhan in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Recent advent of COVID-19 pandemic has plagued both health and economic sectors. Pandemic spread globally, infecting approximately 105 million people with more than 2.3 million fatalities and substantially declining global economic growth by many folds [1,2]. The genome sequence of COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 was released in mid-January 2020, leading to exceptional progress towards the development of a safe and effective vaccine against SARSCoV- 2 infection [3,4]. Different biotechnology platforms using various candidates such as live/inactivated virus, recombinant protein and live viral vectored antigen were employed in to rapidly develop vaccines against COVID-19 vaccine [5-7]. Achieving herd immunity is a key strategy in controlling any pandemic, and this is possible only by the implementation of meticulous immunization campaigns. It has been reported that in previous pandemics, difficulties in accessing vaccines and other essential health products, high demand of vaccines, and inadequate/low manufacturing facilities hampered pace of controlling the spread [8]. It is hence imperative to device effective immunization strategies so as to foster mass immunization at a faster pace.

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Missing in the Big Data Era: Relative specificity- Crimson Publishers

Missing in the Big Data Era: Relative specificity By Reinhard H Dennin in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

High-throughput methods, single-cell analysis, and machine learning are some of the major technological breakthroughs that have transformed biology and ushered in the new era of big data. It is now possible to predict with a high degree of confidence protein structures based on amino acid sequences [1] and gene functions and disease etiology are frequently discussed through the prism of networks. Genomics techniques, the mainstay and often the starting point of research in the 21st century, generate massive data from which elaborate relationships among genes can be inferred and later verified experimentally. In a typical study, hundreds of hits may be produced, but only a small subset will be selected and then investigated in depth based on criteria such as the levels of expression changes, perceived gene functions, or the pathways involved. This dramatic target narrowing has a strong, pragmatic reason: experimentation with individual genes is still time and effort intensive. But there is another reason: the lack of consideration for relative specificity.

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Genetic Processes in Eukaryotic Cells-A Cooperative Function Between Chromosomes and Extrachromosomal Circular DNA - and more?_ Crimson Publishers

Genetic Processes in Eukaryotic Cells-A Cooperative Function Between Chromosomes and Extrachromosomal Circular DNA - and more? By Reinhard H Dennin in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Apart from chromosomal DNA and mitochondrial DNA, eukaryotic cells contain Extrachromosomal Circular DNA (ECC-DNA). The ECC-DNA sequences are derived from chromosomal DNA. Their sizes range from some thousand bp up to mega bp. Their proportion of total cellular DNA can be up to 20%, both in cells from healthy people and people suffering from, e.g., tumors. Only recently have these ECC-DNAs gained attention in the context of diseases. A particular focus targets their involvement in oncology. The possible influence of ECC-DNA on chromosomal sequences in the Human Genome Project is addressed.

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On this thanksgiving, I wish that all your blessings get multiplied this year and throughout your whole life. Have a Joyous Thanksgiving!!_Crimson Publishers

On this thanksgiving, I wish that all your blessings get multiplied this year and throughout your whole life. Have a Joyous Thanksgiving!!

[crimson-biotechnology]

Comparative Evaluation of Conventional and Modern Timber Extraction Systems in Mountain Forests- Crimson Publishers

Comparative Evaluation of Conventional and Modern Timber Extraction Systems in Mountain Forests by Tamaz Patarkalashvili in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Exploitation of mountain forests is problematic in all parts of the world because they are particularly vulnerable to uncontrolled exploitation the result of which can be disastrous for environment such as: soil erosion, torrents, mud flows, avalanches, rock-slides. It’s essential that mountain forests exploitation should be based on scientific principles and plans drawn up and agreed beforehand. All cutting and harvesting operations must be planned in such a way to ensure permanent forest cover maintenance, improvement of cutover stands and adequate regeneration process. Today, along with the conventional methods of timber extraction there are new technical facilities available for harvesting depending on the nature of forest and ground conditions. Local foresters must decide which methods and technical facilities must be given priority taking into account forest species and environmental conditions.

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Review of An Integrated Air-Vinasse Treatment-To-Food, Energy, Water, And A Novel Mosquito-Combatant Soil Amendment- Crimson Publishers

Review of An Integrated Air-Vinasse Treatment-To-Food, Energy, Water, And A Novel Mosquito-Combatant Soil Amendment by Lucina Kuusisto in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

Industrial waste has been an international concern for decades. In addition to pollution concerns, other problems assailing humanity include global hunger, lack of clean water in many parts of the world, and the rising cost of energy production. In order to remediate an environmental pollution issue, and, simultaneously, to generate three main items that are essential to humanity, the novel Integrated Air- Vinasse Treatment-to-Food, Energy, Water, and a Novel Mosquito-Combatant Soil Amendment was conceptualized [1]. This report reviews the said novel integrated air-vinasse treatment-to-co-products process: TAOS (Three and One Significant products). In this study, other vinasse treatment alternatives are also reviewed. A succinct description of the five main stages of the TAOS process is summarized. Biogas treatment technologies are reviewed. The novel concept of a vinasse-generated mosquitocombatant fertilizer is revealed. A process flow diagram of the TAOS process is shown.

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Applications of Plant Responses to Sound in Biotechnology and Agriculture- Crimson Publishers

Applications of Plant Responses to Sound in Biotechnology and Agriculture by Carlos M Vicient in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

Sound has been identified as a mechanical stimulus that gives rise to various physiological and molecular changes in plants: promote seed germination and plant growth (in vivo and in vitro), induce stress responses (biotic and abiotic), induce changes in the concentrations of different plant compounds, induce mutations, facilitate genetic transformation, etc. Some of these changes may have important benefits at different scales: research, agriculture, biotechnology or food processing. Here, we summarize the possible applications of sound treatments and the pros and cons of its application.

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Study on Plant Growth Promoting Activities of Azotobacter Isolates for Sustainable Agriculture in Myanmar- Crimson Publishers

Study on Plant Growth Promoting Activities of Azotobacter Isolates for Sustainable Agriculture in Myanmar by Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) enhance the plant growth and productivity through wide variety of mechanism. In this paper, a total of 6 isolates belonging to Azotobacter spp. were isolated from different rhizosphere soils collected from Kyaukse Township, Mandalay Region. The isolated bacterial cultures were characterized morphologically, culturally and biochemically and then they were identified as Azotobacter. They were screened for their plant growth promoting traits. Results revealed that isolated strains are capable of fixing nitrogen, solubilizing phosphorus and synthesizing indole compounds. It was concluded that among the isolates, “U” is the best isolate for all these activities. The results of the present experiments can be utilized in biofertilizer production to provide sustainability to the agricultural productivity.

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Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tendon Repair in Horses: Experimental Study- Crimson Publishers

Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tendon Repair in Horses: Experimental Study by Shokry MM in Journal of Biotechnology & Bioresearch

Abstract

The Equine Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon (SDFT) is frequently in athletic injured horses. The current conventional treatment strategies produce limited results with poor repair quality and an extremely long convalescence. Recently, stem cell therapy has shown promising results to enhancing the healing process of many degenerative diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of autologous mesenchymal bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells (MSCs) in the healing of collagenase-induced SDFT tendonitis lesions in both forelimbs of 5 horses. The injured tendons of the right forelimbs were treated by injection of autologous MSCs and the injured tendons of the other left forelimbs were injected with saline. The horses were clinically, ultrasonography and morpho-histology evaluated at 2, 4, 8, 12 &16 weeks. Horses were euthanized after 16 weeks. Results proved the potential of autologous MSCs to accelerating tendon repair in terms of quality and time. The success of treatment was proven by the shortened rehabilitation time and the higher number of horses returning to normal activity.

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