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The Science Behind Wireless Charging

The convenience of wireless charging for our mobile phones and other electronic devices is nothing short of miraculous, but how exactly does it work? We all assume that we’re able to charge our phones by placing it on a special pad or dock, but what exactly happens beneath the surface? The Science Behind Wireless Charging is actually quite simple and relies on electromagnetic induction, a process you might remember from your physics class. Simply put, any time you place a magnetic wire close to another electrical wire (or metal), a magnetic field is generated around the new wire that attracts electrons from the older one. This creates electricity that flows through the coil in the middle of the wire, and that is what powers the battery on your phone!

Wireless charging is actually a variation of the electromagnetic induction effect that is already used in many everyday applications, from cutting cables to kitchen appliances and even your electric toothbrush. In fact, the technology is so common that it’s now built into the design of most smartphones.

To make wireless technology viewer website charging work, the charger base or plate and the device both contain a coil of wire. When the power to the charging pad is turned on, a changing magnetic field is created around the primary coil, and this induces an electric current in the secondary coil housed inside of your smartphone. This current is then converted into a DC (Direct Current) that charges the battery.

There are several competing standards for wireless charging, each of which has its own specific inductive coil configuration and driving electronics. Some of the more popular options include Qi, PMA, and AirfuelTM technologies. There are also a few experimental projects out there, such as the world’s first electrified road which is said to actively charge cars and trucks that drive along it.

While wireless charging is a relatively mature technology, there are some drawbacks that can impact efficiency. For example, the farther your smartphone is from its charging pad, the slower it will charge. This is because the magnetic field that transmits energy between the charger and your device has a limited range of effectiveness.

The other major technology website drawback of wireless charging is that it requires drive electronics and induction coils in both the device and charger, which increases the cost and complexity of the product. For example, the drive electronics in your device and in the charging pad must be synchronized to ensure that the voltages they supply are equal. In addition, the varying materials that make up the charging pad and your phone can cause them to resonate at different frequencies, which can slow down the rate of transfer.