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Young Women, Narcissism and the Selfie Phenomenon | Mary McGill | TEDxGalway
youtube
(YouTube, 2018)
A lot of people have opinions about selfies.
Young women.
Baseball game, match commentators talking about selfies - look up.
“ What is wrong with young women today?”
Women still struggle for representation. 
Often when we do see women represented in culture, it is through the male gaze.
The male gaze sees women as the passive erotic other, denying them the depth and complexity afforded to the male representation.
This has major repercussions of how men and women view themselves and the world. 
Criticising women taking selfies deny’s the women the chance of depth and complexity of self representation.
Gender - is it predominantly males or females taking selfies?
How do we do femininity in modern society?
‘Time magazine’ 2012 ‘the me me me generation’- look up.
Targeting young women to suggest our obsession with appearance is our inferiority. 
Why is femininity so aligned with narcissism?
De Beauvoir notes that narcissism is sometimes seen as the fundamental attitude of all women.
Women are taught from birth to turn there attention to their looks- Little girls being praised not for what they do but for how they look.
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Essay plan
Introduction
What am I going to research and examine
The topics I will cover and how I will execute it
Topic one-
What is digital narcissism
Definition and examples
Are there different forms of narcissism
My research- survey?
How does narcissism link to social media
How many selfies are posted today
Topic 2
How is it affecting our society
Mental health
Relationships
Achievements
( add stats and examples )
Topic 3
Is it increasing or decreasing
How are we dealing with it
Conclusion
Answer the question
To conclude digital narcissism is...it started at this time due to …
It is affecting us by…
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Research extracts and notes
Selfie- Will Storr
‘'It's as if we are creating a psychological environment for ourselves to live in that is toxic. People are suffering and dying under the torture of the fantasies self they are failing to become' ( Page 17 chapter 1- Selfie- Will Storr)
I am going to begin by examining where digital narcissism originates from, having read will storr's book 'Selfie' which informed me of fantasy of self, people are creating unrealistic ideas of self and impossible expectations to the degree where they are making themselves mentally ill.
Sarah Malm: they are all becoming brands, selling ourselves online
This has been a decade of over sharing.
We all becoming individual brands in our own right, selling ourselves online and our private lives are part of that brand.
This is very much an article for the use of social media
Mark Zuckerberg- 'Tell the whole story of your life on a single page’
The Guardian- Me! Me! Me! Are we living through a narcissism epidemic?
From attention seeking celebrities to digital over sharing and the booming cosmetic surgery, narcissistic behaviour is all around us. How worried should we be about growing self obsession?
They turn themselves into glittering figures of immersive grandeur surrounded by psychologically impenetrable walls. The goal for this self deprivation is to be impervious to greatly feared external criticism and to their own rolling sea of doubts" this is how Elan Golomb describes narcissistic personality disorder in her Seminal book trapped in the mirror.
Look at this book.
Examples of narcissism are everywhere. Donald Trump epitomises the lack of empathy, the self regard and, critically, radical overestimation of his own talents and likeability.
It's become routine for celebrities to broadcast the benal information and fill into ground with the "moments" that constitute their day, the tactic principle being that, once you are important enough, nothing is mundane. This solution then spills out to the non-celebrity.
There's been a dramatic rise in cosmetic surgery 2015 saw a 13% rise in procedures in the UK, with the rising cosmetic dentistry particularly marked, because people don't like their teeth in selfies.
American academics Jean Twenege and Keith Campbell found that narcissistic personality traits rose just as fast as obesity from the 1980s to the present with this shift in women particularly markedS Scores of risen faster since the turn of this century.
Narcissistic traits affect almost 10% of people in their 20s, compared with 3% of people in their 60s.
Most of the traits have at their core the belief that one is extraordinary. The problem is obvious immediately: most people are not extraordinary.
Narcissists are known for their failed relationships.
They have low empathy and caring isn't there thing. There is not much guilt in narcissism.
We have a narcissistic society where self-promotion and individuality seem to be essential, yet in our hearts that's not what we want. We want to be part of the community, we want to be supported one way struggling, we want a sense of belonging. Being extraordinary is not a necessary component to being loved.
The full-blown disorders associated with harsh critical parenting but it can also be due to lax and indulgent parenting with parents seeing their children as extensions of themselves- they want to be mates.
Overpraised children show narcissistic traits six months to a year later is not so much a new kindness in parenting is a kind of lackadisical positive assertion, where self-esteem can be conjured out of thin air simply by the people around you saying it's so.
"There's a good accumulation of evidence that narcissists have more friends on Facebook." Twenage says. "We can't make the case definitively that social media causes narcissism, although it does certainly call for a certain type of attention seeking. If you look at Twitter and the quest for followers, this has a narcissistic ring to it.
One long-term study of narcissists and those with prominent narcissistic traits found that they do the most significant damage to those around them, over time. Among those with the full-blown disorder, this would relate to their failure to consider another person on an intimate level, seeing them only rationally: what can they do to me, or, in the case of the their children, how do they reflect on me, or how have they disappointed me in what they have failed to reflect?
Narcissists are punished with a terminal fascination for his own reflection in revenge for his treatment of ego, whom he despises for loving him. It is properly understood not as self-love but emotionally monogamous self-love.
People who like them initially like them less four months later.
Selfitis- The Telegraph-  The obsessive need to post selfies- is a genuine mental disorder, say psychologists.
The term was first coined in 2014 to describe obsessive self retaking in a spoof news story.
They have now confirmed that 'selfitis' does indeed exist and have even developed a 'selfitis behaviour Scale' to assess the condition.
The scale which runs from 1 to 100 was developed using a large number of focus groups.
Participants were based in India because the country has the most users on Facebook, as well as the highest number of deaths and the result of trying to take self-feeding dangerous locations.
The findings confirmed there are three levels of selfitus.
Borderline cases of people who take self is at least three times a day do not post on social media.
Next is the acute phase of the disorder where the pictures are posted.
In the third chronic stage people feel an uncontrollable urge to take photos of oneself round the clock posting them more than six times a day.
Researchers found that the sufferers were attention seekers, often lacking in self-confidence, who were hoping to boost their social standing and feel part of the group by constantly posting images of themselves.
Other technologically related mental health disorders which have been identified in recent years include 'nomophobia' the fear of not being near a mobile phone, technoference' the constant intrusion of technology in everyday life, and 'cyberchondria' feeling ill after searching online for symptoms of illness.
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Research proposal
Tumblr media Tumblr media Tumblr media Tumblr media
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Planning and writing proposal
Seven easy steps to planning and writing your research proposal
Choosing a topic
Narrowing your question
Research aims
Including a theoretical framework
Research methods
Research sources
Finding research sources
Step one- choose topic that seriously interest to you
Choosing a topic- a place to start...
Start by thinking about your practice- techniques, themes, inspirations, ideas, questions...
Make a mind map of everything related to your chosen topic
Step two- Think the research question related to the area you're most interested in. It should be something you can attempt to answer by exploiting more than one side... This will help you to critically argue your point.
Narrowing your question
Exploding out terms
Exploding out your keywords/terms
use someone's question as an example
Considerations
Your research your choice! Your topic must be of interest to you.
Link your topic to your practice.
What points do you want to make?
Concentrate on a few key areas, thinking depth
You could explore other aspects in your dissertation ensure you explore both the historical and contemporary debates surrounding your topic, the reader needs to know the context.
Step three- research aims
Aims describe what you want to achieve and your intentions. Identify your research aims:
What questions are you paying your writing will answer?
Identify a few questions that will help you to explore your main title/question.
Be clear about what areas you're looking into.
Step four- using theory
What is theory and wide to be use it? The prediction, explanation, foundation (for why something is occurring) Using a theoretical approach you channel your visual and contextual analysis into a more focused enquiry about particular set of issues.
How does your theory see the world?
Different theoretical frameworks can change the flavour of USA. E.g how has British high-street swimwear design changed over the past 10 years. Different theoretical frameworks: feminism, sustainability, luxury.
Make a mind map of possible theories that relate to your topic/title. To the theoretical framework that underpins and contextualises ideas you are presenting in your writing.
Step five- what are your research methods?
Secondary sources: books, journals, magazines, newspapers, websites.
Primary sources: questionnaires, interviews, surveys, case studies.
How you engage with these sources? What we do with them?
Step six- finding key research sources
Use the keywords from your title/question to search for relevant information.
Use the library- physical and online databases.
Record the details of your sources you will be using Harvard referencing format.
Use Google scholar.
Remember:
Follow the six easy steps one at a time to help you form your research question and write your proposal.
Choosing a topic that you are interested in will make the process much easier.
Approach this with the mindset that it is a rehearsal for your dissertation next year.
Discuss ideas with your peers/tutor this can really help to clarify your thinking.
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Starting the research proposal
Developing my proposal
Narrow your focus down (e.g particular genre)
Make the enquiry specific ( e.g to a particular aspect)
A thorough literature search.
Read, make notes.
Consider visually mapping your enquiry.
Identify a working title.
Consider primary research possibilities.
Being enthused by your subject.Secondary research sources
Books
Newspaper, magazines, trade publications
Previous dissertations
Journals and academic papers
Online academic sources
Other online sources
TV programmes
Primary research
First-hand information that you derive yourself.
The collection of information that doesn’t already exist.
Can be quantitative or qualitative.
Observation, experimentation, interviews, surveys
Can include visits to galleries and exhibitions
Can provide valuable added dimension to your study
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Will the development of virtual reality benefit advertising?
Module:GCOP200 Part 1
I'm going to explore the development of VR advertising and what this could mean for the future of advertising.
I will be exploring key theories and debates considering the positives and negatives of this technological development. It stated that in 2016 worldwide 43 million people were active virtuality users, this is forecast to increase to 171 million in 2018.
Many industry professionals say the benefit of virtual reality advertising is the ability to connect with the customer, to interact.
Currently our advertising is placed on flat rectangular screens, if we are able to immerse ourselves in the advert this will invoke feelings and emotions allowing the consumer to connect with the product therefore making it more likely that they will purchase it.
Many big brands have began incorporating vr into their advertising campaigns to increase interest in their companies. Two of the big brand that have embrace the new technology are Mcdonalds and Volvo.
In Sweden Mcdonalds sold happy meals in boxed that could be transformed into diy virtual reality headsets called ‘happy goggles’ to accompany the goggles they released a vr game called slope stars. Along with being a game this was also an advertisement for a local ski holiday center. This was beneficial for both companies.
Volvo created a virtual reality experience in which you could test drive their latest 4x4, the visual experience lead viewers through idyllic location whilst they were driving the car making a memorable experience for the viewer. It received over 170k views on youtube developing volvo’s branding  into the 21st century.
Another big brand using vr is Getty Images, their Photographers have begun using these technologies when shooting photos so that the viewer can be completely immersed in the images, such as major events like the Olympics.
The key positives of vr advertising are it is impactful, memorable, unique and it communicates.
VR has a wow factor on everyone that tries it, this is very impactful. Because VR is an experience without any distractions the viewer is able to take in the message that the business is telling them making it a more effective ad campaign. The viewer feels like it is reality, this offers the opportunity for the consumer to associate the brand with the experience.  It transforms the way we connect with adverts making it unique the intimate viewing experience gaining the viewers undivided attention ideal for advertising.
Because virtual reality is a brand new experience people will be me inclined to view the adverts,  it will attract people to the company that it may have not done before increasing the company's market audience.
In the YouTube video ‘The Future of Virtual Reality’ Catherine Allen refers to virtual reality as “a piece of digital theatre”  she also states that Simulation is key to creating a sense of presence, this could be a improvement for consumerism.
During an interview with Robert Scoble, He states that the future of virtual reality is mixed for marketing and advertising. He goes on to say the in the future VR headsets will become VR classes enabling us to wear them all the time everyday. The glasses will be able to direct us and inform us by simply asking a question as you would your iPhone. You could ask 'where is the nearest Primark in this shopping centre' and your glasses will direct you along with informing you with customer feedback, ratings and the amount of people currently in the shop. This could also be beneficial for restaurants and bars. The headsets will enable us to experience events and places that we may not have had the opportunity to see for example front row seats at a concert. But what does this mean for concerts if people are watching it at home, they will be fully immersed in the experience as if they were there. So although this may promote the event, I believe it could also evoke a decrease in sales.
When listening to the interview with Robert Scoble, it reminded me of the video ‘Hyper-Reality’ by Keiichi Matsuda. An interpretation of what the future could look like, where physical and virtual realities have merged, and the city is saturated in media. Very much how I imagine these vr glasses will appear when you put them on. I believe that there is a thin line between reality and virtuality and this could be too far into the virtuality world we could be over saturated and over influenced by the ads.
An important thing we need to remember is the power that virtual reality creators will have when influencing us, the aim of advertising is to get the consumer to purchase what they are selling and when such a strong influence such as virtuality is controlled by companies we need to ensure that the adverts are monitored.  
Catherine Allen stated “VR creators have a duty of care to you because you are vulnerable. They can engineer emotions. If that power is in the wrong hands it could make you feel uncomfortable”  Advertising can be racist, sexist and homophobic, the great thing about a new advertising platform such VR is that we have a chance to start fresh, to regulate these adverts. I believe this would be a massive step up for society,  removing the negative influences reflecting society's best effort not its worst.
The down side to this being a new technology is the cost. Alongside their original ad campaign businesses will need to create a new one for virtual reality, this will involve a lot of money and time. Creating such innovative adverts isn't cheap and because of the high standard of vr experiences the businesses will need to compete to be creative and original.  A good ad campaign can bring in new custom and profit,  a bad one could lose a lot of customers.  Another problematic issue that is yet to rectified is motion sickness, something experienced by many users.  
To conclude, I believe the development of virtual reality will benefit advertising, and have a massive impact on the way see the world of advertising. Producing adverts that have impact are memorable and unique. I feel it will be revolutionary for businesses and consumers, incorporating a whole new perspective. Allowing businesses to expand their creativity and consumers to be be immersed in it.
Some negatives that may come from the revolutionary technology that we need to be are of are that, vr creators will have a duty of care to us. Because they have the power to influence and engineer emotion, they need to proceed with strict censorship, regulations and age restrictions. Because of the accessibility of these ads we could soon find the population to be oversaturated and over influenced by ads.
With all the necessary precautions taken, Virtual reality will be revolutionary for advertising.
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19
http://www.lngstudios.com/blog/top-5-benefits-of-vr-for-brands-and-advertisers the top 5 benefits of vr for brands and advertisers 
(LNG Studios, 2018)
2016 to 2018 stats https://www.statista.com/statistics/426469/active-virtual-reality-users-worldwide/
(millions), 2018)
https://www.amazon.co.uk/Virtual-Reality-Your-Marketing-Game-ebook/dp/B01N2UDW4B/ref=sr_1_6?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1520536347&sr=1-6&keywords=virtual+reality+advertising
Approximate sales projection of VR.
​#tags
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The Future of Virtual Reality | Catherine Allen | TEDxBrum
youtube
(YouTube, 2018)
“A piece of digital theatre”
Rectangles- all forms of media pretty much happen in rectangles where as virtual reality is all around us
We situate our lives around these glowing slabs 
On average we spend 8 hours of our day looking at screens. 
It’s like the development of perspective in painting. 
Simulation is key to creating a sense of presence.
The creators of the VR advertisements will have a power over your reaction- your heart racing, hairs raised on the back of your neck etc.
You can hang with your favourite celebrity's build relationships with people, this will release endorphins the same way it would in reality-psychologists would describe this as a para-social relationship.
you can feel a sense of embodiment ‘put in someone else shoes’ making you feel empathy. for example you can feel what it is like to have an epileptic fit this can create a shift in your understanding of the world.
people learn better when your doing, with vr you would learn by doing 
VR impacts our sense of self, if you do rather than observe it will adjust your whole sense of self. 
VR creators have a duty of care you because you are vulnerable. they can engineer emotions. If that power is in the wrong hands it could make you feel uncomfortable. 
Industry's can be bias, we need to consider what they are trying to show us. 
There are still company's who can be racist, sexist and ageist through there advertising, there is an opportunity now to create a whole new advertising experience without these factors, to reflect society's best efforts and not its worst.
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Future of Virtual Reality is Mixed for Marketing & Advertising with Robert Scoble 
youtube
(YouTube, 2018)
“the future is mixed reality”
Eventually we will have vr glasses, you could say ‘Siri where is the closest restaurant’ the options will appear on your screen with a blue line guiding you there. Very much like the black mirror episode season 3 episode 1 ‘nose dive’ and the HYPER REALITY YouTube video.
Brands will have to create a virtual brand alongside there original brand.
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The Future of Advertisement in Virtual Reality-
youtube
(YouTube, 2018)
Over saturated adverts they have become white noise. 
Now’r days we use ad blocker watch TV online and don’t listen to radio. 
Advertisers have discovers that there ads need to stand out. 
Adverts have evolved with technological trends.
VR advertising in a new opportunity- creating ads that people want to see and interact with. 
The company doing this best right now is IKEA. The IKEA VR experience.The most revolutionary advertising technology right now, You can walk around virtual kitchens and rooms pick up object.
A benefit would be booking a holiday, you will be able to see the reality before you splash the cash , test drive vehicles, teach people how to drive. 
Adverts where you just look are going to become extinct.
The adverts will work because you will have and instant connection with them. 
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18
HYPER-REALITY-
youtube
(youtube,2018)
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Article extracts
VR Ads Are Almost Here. Don’t Act Surprised
The advertisement of the future is immersive, almost game like. And it's nearly here.
Virtual Room, a new type of interactive advertisement it plans to roll out later this year. Unlike the
standalone VR marketing experiences
you've seen before, Virtual Room ads will surface across a wide network of VR apps.What will change is how the player interacts with advertisements. People won’t passively watch Unity-created ads; they'll play with them. “Ads are usually linear,” says Julie Shumaker, VP of business development at Unity. “And there's nothing linear about VR.”
According to a recent report from Forrester, developing a single 360 video ad can cost in the tens of thousands; developing a fully interactive ad could cost upwards of $500,000. "I think a lot of brands will be reluctant to invest in that," says Thomas Husson, one of the Forrester analysts who authored the report.
virtual reality offers advertisers one thing that no other medium can accomplish. "You have 100 percent of the audience's attention," Shumaker says. In today's frenzied media landscape, that's worth a lot.
https://www.wired.com/story/vr-ads-are-almost-here/
(Stinson et al., 2018)
What virtual reality will mean for advertising
It's still early days, but virtual reality is quickly gaining mainstream attention. Global search interest on Google grew by nearly 4X in the last year.1 What will a future with virtual reality mean for advertisers, creators, and storytellers?
Every single video on YouTube can be viewed in VR, making it the world's largest library of VR content.
even with the best, highest-resolution TVs, you're still just watching. You're not there. The promise of VR is what the industry calls "presence"—the feeling that you're really somewhere else. VR cameras like Jump can capture the entire experience of a place—every corner, every angle
What does this mean for audiences? How about access to the best seats in the house at any event—floor seats at the NBA playoffs, a box at La Scala, front row at the Beyoncé show? Or the chance to visit the most beautiful places on earth, from the comfort of home? It's the closest thing we have to teleportation, enabling deeper engagement than has ever been possible.
For content creators, the potential of 360-degree video and VR is immense, but it'll require a shift in thinking. VR lets viewers be active participants; they can look wherever they want. As Google's principal VR filmmaker Jessica Brillhart puts it, the story is everywhere. So, rather than telling a story frame by frame, filmmakers need to build entire worlds.
On YouTube, creators are using the medium to create truly transportive experiences across sports, news, education, and fashion. Viewers can feel that tickle in their stomach when sitting in the cockpit of a jet in an acrobatic air squadron. The New York Times puts viewers in the shoes of displaced children around the world.
Artists are doing mind-blowing work with Tilt Brush, our new VR app that lets a user paint in 3-D space. It does away with the flatness of the page and lets an artist step into the drawing, as Disney animator Glen Keane describes it. "That doorway to the imagination is open a little wider," he says.
https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/marketing-resources/virtual-reality-advertising/
(Think with Google, 2018)
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15. Essay final idea
Virtual reality and advertising-
Will the development of virtual reality benefit advertising?
I’m going to explore the development of VR advertising and what this could mean for the future of advertising.
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Other ideas
Virtuality and photography
virtuality could be the future of viewing photogrpahy -    https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2015/09/17/why-virtual-reality-could-be-the-future-of-viewing-photographs/?utm_term=.c122b20e1188
http://resourcemagonline.com/2015/11/virtual-reality-photography-isnt-actually-photography-but-something-else-entirely/60302/-  virtual reality isnt actually photogrpahy
In Your Face: Photography In The Age Of Virtual Reality https://www.digitalphotopro.com/technique/software-technique/53736/- 
VR and advertising-
what virtual reality means for advertising 
https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/marketing-resources/virtual-reality-advertising/
Virtual reality and augmented reality are the future of digital advertising
https://qz.com/.../virtual-reality-and-augmented-reality-are-the-future-of-digital-advert..
Virtual Reality can rejuvenate advertising but it won't solve everything
www.thedrum.com/.../virtual-reality-can-rejuvenate-advertising-it-won-t-solve-every-...
VR Ads Are Almost Here. Don't Act Surprised | WIRED
https://www.wired.com/story/vr-ads-are-almost-here/
Could be a good idea ( has lots of online article and resources)
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VR advertising pro’s and cons
The ability to connect with the consumer.
It creates and experiencwe.
memorable
immersive
ivokes emotions
impactful 
unique
Cons
could over inflewence.
the is a fine line between virtual reality and reality 
over saturating the media 
evokes emotion 
costly 
can create motion sickness
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Research
Online articles
Debate on virtuality- https://www.theodysseyonline.com/debate-virtual-reality
The guardian- Three really real questions about the future of virtual reality- https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/jan/07/virtual-reality-future-oculus-rift-vr
The ethical dilemmas of virtual reality- https://www.brookings.edu/blog/techtank/2016/04/18/the-ethical-dilemmas-of-virtual-reality/
The Good and the Bad of Escaping to Virtual Reality-https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/02/the-good-and-the-bad-of-escaping-to-virtual-reality/385134/
The dangers of virtual reality-https://www.cnet.com/news/the-dangers-of-virtual-reality/
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