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Ideal Gas Law Calculator

What is the Ideal Gas

An ideal gas does not exist. Confused? Anything ideal does not exist. The ideal gas is a hypothetical gas. One whose characteristics are perfect and formulated to work as a reference for real gases.

An ideal gas is defined as a gas characterized of randomly moving particles as all gases do, the only difference being that for an ideal gas when its particles collide, it is assumed that the collisions are perfectly elastic which means no energy is lost. Simply put, the particles obey the Newton's laws of motion.

Ideal gases are used as reference points to understand the behavior of real gases. Real gases behave similarly to ideal gases at normal pressures and temperatures

An ideal gas is characterized by three variables: absolute pressure, temperature and volume. The relationship between the three is inferred from the kinetic motion theory and is what is known as the Ideal gas law.

It is Assumed that Ideal Gases:

·   are made up of molecules which are in constant random motion

·   have molecules which behave as rigid spheres

·   do not lose kinetic energy when molecules collude between themselves or between them and the walls of the container.

Ideal gases can also be mathematically, PV/nRT=1. An ideal gas will always equal 1 when input into this equation. The greater it deviates from the number 1, the closer it is to a real gas rather than an ideal gas.

 Ideal Gas Law

The Ideal Gas Law is an example of the equations of state while the ideal gas equation helps predict the behaviour of real gasesunder normal conditions.

The ideal gas law relates the four independent properties of a gas at any time. It is as a result of kinetic pressure that arises from the colliding of particles in accordance to Newton’s law of motion.

The ideal gas law only applies to ideal gases but is applicable to real gases under given circumstances. At higher pressures and lower temperatures, the behavior of real gases is represented by modifications of the ideal gas laws.

The ideal gas law can be said to be a combination of all the simple gas laws, namely, (Boyle’s, Charles, And Avogadro’s Law

How Do you Calculate the Ideal Gas Law?

The Ideal Gas Law Calculator may be expressed a as a formula in the form PV = NkT

where: P = absolute pressure in atmospheres V = volume (in litres) n = number of particles of gas k = Boltzmann's constant (1.38·10−23 J·K−1) T = temperature in Kelvin

The Ideal Gas Law may also be expressed in SI units where pressure is in pascals, volume is in cubic meters, N (n) is expressed as moles, and k is replaced by R, the Gas Constant (8.314 J·K−1·mol−1)