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The Transformation of Hyderabad into a Global Economic Hub

The emergence of Hyderabad as a hub of the global information technology economy, and in particular, the role of higher education in Hyderabad’s transformation as the labor market for the new economy. The extensive network of professional education institutions that service the global economy illustrates the ways in which neoliberal globalization is produced through educational restructuring and new modes of urban development. Neoliberal globalization, however, is a variegated process wherein local social hierarchies articulate with state policies and global capital. Hyderabad appears surreptitiously on the global map in the late 1990s. From among the major cities of India, Hyderabad was least expected to be the city with the potential to capitalize on the information technology (IT) boom and ascend to the status of a hi-tech city at the turn of the twenty-first century. Many outdoor advertising agencies in Hyderabad, Telangana has grown due to the economic boom.

In general, Hyderabad’s reputation until then was of an indolent ramshackle city that attracted mainly Indian tourists to the ‘old city’ (purana shaher) to view monuments such as the mosque with the four minarets famously known as Charminar. Dubbed the ‘Silicon Valley of the East’ by Bill Clinton during his visit to the country in 2000, Hyderabad’s new identity has been attributed to the visionary leadership of the state’s then chief minister Chandrababu Naidu. Referred to as CEO Naidu or ‘laptop CM’, Chandrababu Naidu’s Vision 2020 was the first official document that laid out an ambitious new plan to transform Hyderabad from a relatively obscure metropolis into a city that would be regarded as one of the nerve centers of the global economy within the decade.

The state would provide high-speed connectivity, have its own power plant, a diesel-generating station for times of power outages, an earth station, satellite channels, its own water and sewage treatment plants, glare-free lighting, concealed copper wiring for piped music and paging systems in the common areas, and a four-lane super highway that would connect the city to a proposed new international airport. The plan was to create the most profitable and attractive conditions to lure companies that were leaders in technology and software development. Construction on 158 acres of land in the northwest suburbs of the city was initiated in 1997 and in less than four years many of the most prominent technology firms, foreign and domestic, had established their India offices in Hi-Tech city.

This narrative of Hyderabad’s transformation is widely referenced but one that presents the transformation of the city at the level of real politik. History is represented through the lens of a charismatic leader as the protagonist who through his single-minded vision is able to fashion a wholly new economy and society, a kind

of Weberian view of social change. The populist representation suppresses a more complex history that positions Hyderabad as a regional hub in the global economy. Now that the city has become the capital of the newly formed state of Telangana, the economy is set to build a strong infrastructure for growth. The creative outdoor advertising companies in Telangana promote the local businesses in and around the city.

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