#wife of adolf duke of nassau

[catherinetheprincessofwales]

Royal Deaths, 28th September

935 - St. Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia, assassinated at around 28 in a plot by his younger brother, Boleslaus the Cruel.

1104 - Peter I, King Aragon and Pamplona (died on either 27, 28 or 29 September).

1197 - Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany and King of Sicily.

1296 - Adolf VIII, Count of Berg, dies imprisoned at about 56.

1429 - Cymburgis of Masovia, wife of Duke Ernest of Austria.

1657 - Countess Emilia Antwerpiana of Nassau, 6th and youngest daughter of William the Silent of Orange.

1891 - Princess Ida of Schaumburg-Lippe, Princess Reuss of Greiz, wife of Heinrich XXII, 5th Prince Reuss of Greiz, due to childbirth complications.

1907 - Frederick I, Grand Duke of Baden.

1947 - Princess Elsa of Liechtenstein, wife of Prince Franz I of Liechtenstein.

[graceofromanovs]

𝐇𝐨𝐰 𝐰𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐑𝐨𝐦𝐚𝐧𝐨𝐯𝐬 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐫 𝐬𝐩𝐨𝐮𝐬𝐞𝐬 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐝: 𝐄𝐥𝐢𝐳𝐚𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐡 𝐌𝐢𝐤𝐡𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐨𝐯𝐧𝐚 & 𝐀𝐝𝐨𝐥𝐩𝐡𝐞, 𝐃𝐮𝐤𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐍𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐚𝐮

By the end of 1843, Adolphe (Adolf), Duke of Nassau was visiting St. Petersburg and met Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mikhailovna, the second daughter of Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich, for the first time. Adolphe’s stepmother Princess Pauline of Württemberg, was Elizabeth’s maternal aunt. Adolphe and Elizabeth fell in love and they eventually got married on 31 January 1844 in St. Petersburg. Elizabeth was 17 years old and Adolphe was 26.

After the wedding, the couple stayed in Russia for some time until they moved to Germany and took up residence in Castle Biebrich in Wiesbaden. Elizabeth, now Duchess of Nassau, was popular among the people. She and Adolphe were happily married and the news that she was already pregnant with their first child brought great happiness to the couple. After only a year, Elizabeth died giving birth to a daughter, who also did not survive. The grief-stricken Adolphe ordered the construction of a Russian Orthodox church - the St. Elizabeth Church in Neroberg Park, Wiesbaden. Elizabeth's sarcophagus can still be seen today inside the church.

Elizabeth and Adolphe were 1st cousins once removed. Their common ancestor was Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg.

**Note: Adolphe later became the Grand Duke of Luxembourg, and was the first from the House of Nassau-Weilburg, he succeeded King William III of the Netherlands, ending the personal union between the Netherlands and Luxembourg. The current Grand Duke of Luxembourg is his direct descendant from his second marriage. Adolphe is also the first cousin of Grand Duchess Alexandra Petrovna, the wife of Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich (Elizabeth’s first cousin).

[princessvictoriamelita]

Sophie, Dowager Grand Duchess of Baden (1801-1865) in 1864.

Sophie was born in Stockholm, Sweden, on 21 May 1801. She was the daughter of King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden and his wife, Princess Frederica of Baden. After her birth, she was raised under the supervision of the royal governesses Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie and Charlotte Stierneld in succession.

Sophie was eight years old when her father was deposed by the Coup of 1809 and she left Sweden with her family. Between the time of the coup which deposed her father, and leaving Sweden, she and her mother were under house arrest. During this period, she was described in the famous diary of Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp as a stubborn girl who was much more haughty and possessed less self-control than her brother Gustav. An anecdote describes the contrast between the siblings. When Fredrika and her children were given permission to join the deposed king, famous Swedish nobleman Axel von Fersen came to discuss the arrangements. When he was about to leave, Sophie's older brother ran to the door to open it for Fersen. The former queen Fredrika is quoted as saying, "Sophie would never in the world have done that, she thinks of herself too highly for that."

In 1815, she was engaged, and on 25 July 1819 in Karlsruhe, Sophie married her half-grand-uncle Prince Leopold of Baden, the son of a morganatic marriage. The marriage with Leopold had been specifically arranged by her uncle, Grand Duke Karl I of Baden, to improve the chances that Leopold would one day succeed him as grand duke because of Sophie's royal lineage; Leopold, though his right to the throne was recognized, was originally the issue of a morganatic marriage. During the reign of Louis I, Grand Duke of Baden, they lived a modest life away from court, as Louis did not want the heir to the throne at court. In 1830, her husband ascended to the grand ducal throne as Leopold I, and Sophie became Grand Duchess of Baden.

Sophie is described as wise and dutiful but strict. She kept late hours and arose late in the mornings, after which she spent hours writing letters to various relatives around Europe in her négligée. She was interested in science, art and politics, and kept herself well informed on all political events of the day through her correspondence. Her ties to the Viennese court were particularly tight, and it was to Vienna her sons were sent to complete their education. Sophie retained a certain bitterness over the deposition of her father, and took it very badly when her brother was deprived of his status as a Swedish prince.

During the tumult caused by the appearance of Kaspar Hauser, Sophie was rumoured to have ordered Hauser's assassination in 1833. This damaged her relationship to her husband, and Sophie was said to have had an affair. During the revolution of 1848, she was forced to flee from Karlsruhe with her family to Strasbourg. They returned in 1849, after the revolt had been subdued by Prussian forces. She became a widow in 1852. Sophie convinced her son Frederick to enter an arranged dynastic marriage rather than a marriage to his love, Baroness Stephanie von Gensau.

In 1852, the Swedish royal house wished to make peace with the deposed Swedish royal house, and Oscar I of Sweden and Josephine of Leuchtenberg tried to arrange a meeting, but without success. In 1863, however, Sophie met the Swedish heir presumptive Prince Oscar II of Sweden and his consort Sophie of Nassau. The meeting was a success: Sophie asked him about how the Stockholm of her childhood had changed, and when they left, she presented the couple with a gift to their son prince Gustaf, a medallion with the inscription "G" and the crown of the Swedish Crown Prince, because he had the same name as her brother.

Family Resemblance

Her granddaughter, Queen Victoria of Sweden née Baden took after her.

Source: Royal Collection

[heavyarethecrowns]

People that have marred in to Royal Families since 1800

Luxembourg

Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal 13 July 1861 – 31 July 1942

Infanta Marie was Grand Duchess of Luxembourg as the wife of Grand Duke Guillaume IV and the country's regent in the name of their daughter, Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde. She was a member of the House of Braganza.

Born at Schloss Bronnbach in Bronnbach, Wertheim am Main, Kingdom of Württemberg, Infanta Marie Anne (or Maria Ana) was the fifth child and second-youngest daughter of the deposed King Miguel of Portugal and his wife Princess Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. As such, she was titled and styled from birth as an infanta of Portugal. At the time of her birth, her father had been exiled, and the family lived as guests in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In spite of their straitened circumstances, the daughters of Miguel I made good marriages, some to reigning monarchs and deposed heads of Roman Catholic European dynasties.

Before her marriage with William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, she was considered by Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria as a suitable bride to his only son and heir, Rudolf, but Rudolf did not like her and she would remain single for the next years. 

Infanta Maria Ana was married on 21 June 1893 at Schloss Fischhorn, Zell am See, to the Protestant Wilhelm, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg, the son and heir apparent of Adolf, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, head of the House of Nassau. It was agreed that the children would be raised in their mother's Catholic faith, the religion of the overwhelming majority of Luxembourg's population.

The couple had six daughters.

Wilhelm IV became Grand Duke on the death of his father on 17 November 1905, and Marie Anne became Grand Duchess. Because Wilhelm was the last agnate of the House of Nassau, he had Marie-Adelaide confirmed and proclaimed heir presumptive on 10 July 1907. Upon her father's death, she became the first reigning Grand Duchess of Luxembourg. 

Following her abdication on 14 January 1919, her sister Charlotte succeeded her on the throne. 

Grand Duchess Marie Anne was regent for her husband during his terminal illness from 19 November 1908 to 15 February 1912, and then regent for her daughter, Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde, during her minority from 25 February 1912 to 18 June 1912. 

Dowager Grand Duchess Marie Anne died in exile in New York on 31 July 1942, the family having fled Germany because of World War II.

[sciencespies]

Prince Edward and Wallis Simpson's Sprawling Bahamas Estate Is Up for Sale

https://sciencespies.com/history/prince-edward-and-wallis-simpsons-sprawling-bahamas-estate-is-up-for-sale/

Prince Edward and Wallis Simpson's Sprawling Bahamas Estate Is Up for Sale

In 1940, Prince Edward and his wife, Wallis Simpson, arrived in the Bahamas, where the royal was to serve as governor of the islands. But the official residence where the couple was supposed to reside was in poor shape, and it was deemed unsuitable—particularly for a man who, prior to his infamous abdication in 1936, had been Edward VIII, king of England.

While Government House was undergoing renovations, Edward and Simpson, known officially as the Duke and Duchess of Windsor, moved into a sprawling estate owned by Frederick Sigrist, a British aviation mogul who had vacated his Bahamas residence for the summer. The couple lived in the home for several months—and now, reports Ellen Gutoskey reports Mental Floss, this temporary royal residence is on the market for $8.5 million.

Built by its namesake in the 1930s, Sigrist House is located in the resort area of Cable Beach in Nassau. As Damianos Sotheby’s International Realty, which is listing the property, writes, the estate consists of a 15,000-square-foot main residence, two four-bedroom guest houses and a three-bedroom apartment. All of the houses on the estate have been renovated in recent decades, but they still retain historic touches—among them original wood finishing and ironwork, and four fireplaces imported from country homes in Britain. The estate is surrounded by “lush flowering tropical gardens, including fruit and coconut trees, a swimming pool and Jacuzzi,” according to Sotheby’s.

Prince Edward, formerly Edward VIII, and Wallis Simpson

(Getty Images)

To most, this sounds like paradise, but the duke and duchess were not particularly enthused about relocating to the Bahamas. Edward had stepped down as the British sovereign so he could marry Simpson, a twice-divorced American woman who was deemed unsuitable by the Church of England and the British government; following his abdication, the pair moved to France. But precisely how to employ the former king remained a key question—one that became urgent with the outbreak of World War II in 1939.

Edward’s behavior in the lead-up to the war was, as historian Caroline Harris explains, problematic. In 1937, Edward and Simpson visited Germany as guests of Adolf Hitler. When their meeting ended, Edward gave Hitler a Nazi salute. After the war, American diplomats discovered a cache of German diplomatic documents detailing connections between Edward and the Nazis, including the outlines of a “a fanciful plan” to reinstall the former royal on the throne. Whether these papers were simply Nazi propaganda tools or genuine chronicles of treasonous activity remains unclear. Prime Minister Winston Churchill, at any rate, was keen to get Edward and Simpson out of Europe, so he sent the couple off to the Bahamas.

Both Edward and Simpson felt the post was beneath them. “It is very hard,” Edward wrote, “once you’ve been King Emperor, to govern the Bahamas.” The state of Government House surely did nothing to stoke the couple’s enthusiasm; it was infested with termites, and after a chunk of ceiling plaster fell into the drawing room where Simpson was sitting, the pair decided to move out. They stayed first at Sigrist House, then at the country home of a British-Canadian mine owner. Simpson did not care for the latter of the accommodations, deeming it a “shack by the sea.”

It was, in fact, a mansion.

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#History

[theroyalfanzine]

Royal babies Class of 2016

Unknown Date:

Princess Florence von Preussen  & Mr. James Tollemache welcomed their first daughter, Sylvie Tollemache. Princess Florence von Preussen is the great x4 granddaughter of Queen Victoria through her eldest daughter, Victoria, Princess Royal.

January:

7th:

Princess Nejla bint Asem of Jordan  & Nasser Talhouni welcomed their first child, Kareemah Talhouni. Princess Nejia is a 3rd cousin of King Abdullah II through  King Abdullah I.

16th:

Isabella Alexandra May Windsor is the daughter of Lord and Lady Fredrick Windsor. She joins big sister Maud Elizabeth Daphne Marina Windsor. She is presently distantly in succession for the British Throne. 

February:

1st:

Prince Talal bin Rashid of Jordan, second child and son of T.R.H. Prince Rashid bin Hassan of Jordan and his wife, née Zeina Shaban.

5th:

The Gyalsey, Crown Prince of Bhutan is the son of the King and Queen of Bhutan. He is first in line for the Bhutanese throne. On 17 April, his name was announced: Jigme Namgyel Wangchuck

9th:

Teresa Julie Elisabeth is the first daughter of  Count Friedrich zu Ortenburg & Countess Friedrich zu Ortenburg.

17th:

Prince Faisal bin Al Hussein and Princess Zeina Faisal of Jordan welcomed a son, Prince Abdullah bin al-Faisal. Prince Abdullah is their first child together, and fifth child of Prince Faisal. He joins older paternal half-siblings:

Princess Ayah (1990)

Prince Omar (1993)

Princess Sara (1997) 

Princess Aisha (1997).

24th:

Archduchess Magdalena Maria Alexandra Zita Charlotte of Austria is the second child of Archduke Imre and Archduchess Kathleen. She joins big sister Archduchess Maria Stella. She is named for  Archduchess Magdalena of Austria who was the daughter of  Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, and  Anne of Bohemia and Hungary.

March:

2nd: 

Prince Oscar Carl Olof of Sweden, The Duke of Skåne is the second child of Crown Princess Victoria and Prince Daniel of Sweden. He is currently 3rd in succession after his big sister, Princess Estelle. He is named for his grandfather (Carl) and father (Prince Daniel’s actual name is Olof). His Dukedom was last held by his greatx2 grandfather, King Gustaf VI Adolf.

Prince Abdul Malik al-Bolkiah of Brunei & Dayangku Raabi’atul ‘Adawiyyah Pengiran Haji Bolkiah welcomed their first child,  Princess Muhee'ah Raayatul Bolqiah of Brunei

April:

8th:

Princess Badiya bint Al-Hamzah of Jordan is the fourth daughter of Prince Hamzah Bin Al Hussein of Jordan and Princess Basma bint Al-Hussein of Jordan. She joins big sisters:

Princess Haya bint Hamzah  of Jordan (2007, half sister, from her father’s 1st marriage)

Princess Zein bint Hamzah of Jordan (2012)

Princess Noor bint Hamzah of Jordan (2014)

19th:

Prince Carl Philip of Sweden & Princess Sofia of Sweden welcomed their first child, a son {Source} The child’s name, title and style is HRH Prince Alexander Erik Hubertus Bertil of Sweden, The Duke of Södermanland {Source}. He is currently 5th in Swedish succession and distantly for the British succession.

22nd:

Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Parma, Duke of Parma & Princess Annemarie, Duchess of Parma welcomed their third child and first son together: Prince Carlos Enrique Leonard of Bourbon-Parma, Hereditary Prince of Parma. He joins big sisters Luisa and Cecilia, and much older paternal half brother who is also named Carlos {Source}.

May:

9th:

Prince Jaime of Bourbon-Parma & Princess Viktoria of Bourbon-Parma welcomed their second daughter, Princess Gloria Irene of Bourbon-Parma {Source}. Gloria joins big sister, Princess Zita Clara of Bourbon-Parma   and shares a birthday with her first cousin,  Princess Luisa Irene of Bourbon-Parma. 

17th:

Prince Amedeo of Belgium, Archduke of Austria-Este & Archduchess Elisabetta of Austria-Este welcomed their first daughter, Archduchess Anna Astrid of Austria-Este{Source}. She is currently 7th in succession for the Belgian throne, is the first great granddaughter of King Albert II & Queen Paola, and first grandchild of Princess Astrid and Prince Lorenz. She was named Anna for her paternal greatx2 grandmother (her paternal grandfather’s grandmother), Princess Anne d’Orleans and her paternal grandmother (Princess Astrid)’s grandmother, Princess Astrid of Sweden. Due to recent title laws passed by her great uncle King Philippe, she is not entitled to the title Princess of Belgium, however, she is an Archduchess of Austria-Este through her paternal grandfather.

June:

2nd:  Prince Jean d’Orléans, Duke of Vend��me & Princess   Maria Magdalena Philomena d’Orléans, Duchess of Vendôme welcomed their 4th child,   Prince Joseph Gabriel David Marie d’Orléans. Prince Joseph joins older siblings:

 Prince Gaston d’Orléans(2009)

 Princess Antoinette  d’Orléans (2012)

Princess Louise-Marguerite  d’Orléans (2014)

5th: Don Fernando Humberto Gómez-Acebo y de Borbón and Nadia Halamandari  welcomed their first child, a son, Don  Nicolás Gómez-Acebo y Halamandari. 

23rd:  Prince Moulay Rachid bin Hassan of Morocco and his wife,  Oum Kalthum Boufarès, welcomed their first child, Prince  Moulay Ahmed.

July:

Unknown Date: Archduchess Marie-Christine of Austria, Countess of Limburg-Stirum & Count Rodolphe of Limburg-Stirum welcomed their third son, Count Gabriel. He joins older brothers Count Léopold  de Limburg-Stirum  and Count Constantin de Limburg-Stirum.

17th:  Don Luis Beltrán Ataúlfo Alfonso Gómez-Acebo y de Borbón and his second wife,  Andrea Pascual Vicens welcomed a son. {Source}. This son is the 9th grandson of Infanta Pilar of Spain. His son’s name was later revealed to be:  Juan Gómez-Acebo y Pascua

August:

11th: Prince  Abdülaziz, the son of Prince Abdülhamid Kayihan Osmanoglu (Turkey) and his wife Walaa

30th: Princess Amélia of Orléans-Braganza and Alexander James Spearman welcomed their first child, Alexander Joaquim Pedro Spearman. Alexander Joaquim Pedro is presumably for his father (Alexander),  Joaquim (the Portugese version of Joachim) and Pedro (for her deceased elder brother, Prince Pedro, who died in a plane accident in 2009)

September:

5th:  Count Alexander and Countess Isabel zu Stolberg-Stolberg welcomed a son, Count Lorenz zu Stolberg-Stolberg

November:

17th: Georg, Prince of Prussia & Sophie, Princess of Prussia welcomed baby #4.... Heinrich Albert Johann Georg, Prince of Prussia. He joins almost 4 year old twins  Prince Carl Friedrich Franz Alexander, Hereditary Prince of Prussia & Prince Louis Ferdinand Christian Albrecht of Prussia and 18 month old Emma Marie, Princess of Prussia. Little Heinrich is named:

Heinrich: likely a name they liked

Albert: Likely a name they liked

Johann: his maternal greatx2 grandfather  Count Johann Wolfgang von Saurma-Jeltsch 

Georg: For his father

     The little prince is currently 3rd in succession for the defunct kingdom of             Prussia after his twin brothers.

28th: Prince Felix and Princess Claire of Luxembourg welcomed their second child, a son. His title is His Royal Highness Prince de Nassau.  He joins big sister Princess Amalia Gabriela Maria Teresa de Nassau and is currently 4th in succession. 

[phfanfic-diekoenigin]

who: royal degrees of separation

The imperial, royal, princely and noble families of Europe have been intermarrying for thousands of years. This practice continues to this day, though not as frequently as in times past.

Karolina Augusta I of Mecklenburg is related to all current reigning and most non-reigning houses in Europe. Due to continual intermarriage, she is related to several families through various bloodlines. The lineage connecting her to these houses will be documented here. This is not an exhaustive list.

The closest relation is listed first, followed by any other notable shared ancestors.

REIGNING HOUSES OF EUROPE

Belgium

Karolina Augusta I and Philippe of the Belgians are fourth cousins as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta and Elisabeth, Duchess of Brabant are fourth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Philippe are also descendants of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his second wife Caroline of Baden.

Denmark

Karolina Augusta I and Margrethe II are second cousins once removed as descendants of Friedrich Franz III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Prince Frederik are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Margrethe are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, and of  King Christian IX of Denmark.

Liechtenstein

Karolina Augusta I and Hans-Adam II are fourth cousins twice removed as descendants of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his second wife Caroline of Baden.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Alois are fifth cousins once removed.

Luxembourg

Karolina Augusta I and Henri of Luxembourg are fourth cousins as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Grand Duke Guillaume are fourth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Henri are also descendants of Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria and his wife Caroline of Baden.

Monaco

Karolina Augusta I and Albert II are fifth cousins as descendants of Florestan I of Monaco and his wife Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Jacques are fifth cousins once removed.

The Netherlands

Karolina Augusta I and Willem-Alexander are third cousins once removed as descendants of Friedrich Franz II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his third wife Marie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt.

Karolina Augusta and Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange, are fourth cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Willem-Alexander are also descendants of George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and his first wife Princess Helene of Nassau.

Norway

Karolina Augusta I and Harald V of Norway are third cousins once removed as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina August and Crown Prince Haakon are fourth cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Harald are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Spain

Karolina Augusta I and Felipe VI of Spain are third cousins as descendants of Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hanover and his wife Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta and Leonor, Princess of Asturias are third cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Felipe are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Sweden

Karolina Augusta I and Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden are third cousins twice removed as descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Princess Victoria are fourth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Carl XVI Gustaf are also descendants of George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont and his first wife Princess Helene of Nassau.

The United Kingdom

Karolina Augusta I and Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom are third cousins once removed as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta I and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh are second cousins twice removed as descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta I and Charles, Prince of Wales are third cousins once removed through his father’s descent of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Karolina Augusta is fourth cousins to the grandchildren of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

Karolina Augusta and Elizabeth, and her husband, are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta is also second cousins once removed to The Duke of Kent, Princess Alexandra of Kent, and Prince Michael of Kent as descendants of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia and his wife Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

NON-REIGNING HOUSES OF EUROPE

Austria-Hungary

Karolina Augusta I and Karl von Habsburg are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of King John of Saxony and his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria.

Karolina Augusta and Ferdinand Zvonimir are fifth cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Karl are also descendants of Ernst I, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and his wife Princess Feodora of Leiningen.

Baden (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Max, Margrave of Baden second cousins once removed as descendants of  Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hanover and his wife Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Prince Bernhard are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta I and Max are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Bulgaria

Karolina Augusta I and Simeon II of Bulgaria are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of King John of Saxony and his wife Amalie Auguste of Bavaria.

Karolina Augusta and Boris, Prince of Turnovo are fifth cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Simeon are also descendants of Francis, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and his second wife Countess Augusta Reuss of Ebersdorf.

Greece

Karolina Augusta I and Constantine II of Greece are second cousins once removed as descendants of Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hanover and his wife Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Prince Pavlos are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Constantine are also descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark, and of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Prince Pavlos are also descendants of Friedrich Franz III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia.

Hannover (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Ernst August V, Prince of Hannover are second cousins once removed as descendants of Ernst August, Crown Prince of Hannover and his wife Princess Thyra of Denmark.

Karolina Augusta and Ernst August, Hereditary Prince of Hannover are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Ernst August are also descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Hesse (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta I and Moritz, Hereditary Prince of Hesse are fifth cousins.

Hohenlohe-Langenburg (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Philipp, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg are third cousins once removed as descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Max Leopold are fourth cousins.

Hohenzollern (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Karl Friedrich, Prince of Hohenzollern are first cousins once removed as descendants of Karl, 6th Prince of Leiningen and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Kirillovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Alexander are second cousins.

Leiningen (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I is a niece of Andreas, 8th Prince of Leiningen.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Prince Ferdinand are first cousins.

Mecklenburg-Strelitz (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Borwin, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz are fourth cousins once removed as descendants of John of Saxony and his wife Princess Amalia of Bavaria.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Duke Alexander are fifth cousins.

Karolina Augusta I and Borwin, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz’s most recent patrilineal ancestor is Adolf Friedrich I, Duke of Mecklenburg, who died in 1658.

Oldenburg (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Christian, Duke of Oldenburg are first cousins once removed as descendants of Nikolaus, Hereditary Duke of Oldenburg and his wife Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont.

Karolina Augusta I and Hereditary Duke Alexander are second cousins.

Portugal

Karolina Augusta I and Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza are fourth cousins twice removed as descendants of Karl Ludwig, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg and his wife Countess Amalie Henriette of Solms-Baruth.

Karolina Augusta and Afonso, Prince of Beira are fifth cousins once removed.

Prussia (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia are second cousins once removed as descendants of Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia and his wife Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Prince Carl Friedrich are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Georg Friedrich are also descendants of Friedrich Franz III, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his wife Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia.

Romania

Karolina Augusta I and King Michael I of Romania are second cousins twice removed as descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Karolina Augusta and Crown Princess Margareta are third cousins once removed.

Karolina Augusta and Michael are also descendants of King Christian IX of Denmark and his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel.

Russia (Disputed)

Karolina Augusta I and Maria Vladimirovna are first cousins twice removed as descendants of Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia and his wife Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Grand Duke George Mikhailovich are second cousins once removed.

Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are third cousins twice removed descendants of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and her husband Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Karolina Augusta and Hubertus, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha are fourth cousins once removed.

Schleswig-Holstein (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Christoph, Prince of Schleswig-Holstein are second cousins once removed as descendants of Friedrich August II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and his second wife Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Friedrich Ferdinand are third cousins.

Karolina Augusta and Christoph are also descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Waldeck and Pyrmont (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Wittekind, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont are first cousins twice removed as descendants of Friedrich August II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and his second wife Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Karolina Augusta and Hereditary Prince Carl-Anton are second cousins once removed.

Wied (German Empire)

Karolina Augusta I and Maximilian, 9th Prince of Wied are third cousins as descendants of Friedrich August II, Grand Duke of Oldenburg and his second wife Duchess Elisabeth Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.

Yugoslavia/Serbia

Karolina Augusta I and Alexander, Crown Prince of Yugoslavia are third cousins once removed as descendants of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia.

Karolina August and Hereditary Prince Peter are fourth cousins.

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Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mikhailovna of Russia, Duchess of Nassau (26 May 1826 - 28 January 1845)

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People that have marred in to Royal Families since 1800

Luxembourg

Grand Duchess Elizabeth Mikhailovna of Russia 26 May 1826 – 28 January 1845

Elizabeth was the second child and daughter of Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich of Russia and Princess Charlotte of Württemberg who took the name Elena Pavlovna upon her conversion to the Orthodox faith. Through her father, Elizabeth was a granddaughter of Tsar Paul I of Russia, and a niece of both Russian emperors Alexander I and Nicholas I.

Elizabeth, nicknamed "Lili", was born in the Kremlin in Moscow and she was named after her aunt who had died earlier that month, the Empress Elizabeth, wife of Emperor Alexander I and a close friend of her mother.

She grew up with her other siblings in the Mikhailovsky Palace in Saint Petersburg. Elizabeth was said to be the prettiest among her sisters, and like her mother, Elena Pavlovna, she was graceful in manners and well-educated. 

By the end of 1843, Adolf, Duke of Nassau was visiting St. Petersburg and met Elizabeth for the first time. Adolf's stepmother was Princess Pauline of Württemberg, Elizabeth's maternal aunt, and so he was related to the Russians in some way.

Adolf and Elizabeth fell in love and they eventually got married on 31 January 1844 in St. Petersburg. Elizabeth was 17 years old and Adolf was 26. After the wedding, the couple stayed in Russia for some time until they moved to Germany and took up residence in Castle Biebrich in Wiesbaden. Elizabeth, now Duchess of Nassau, was popular among the people.

She and Adolf were happily married and the news that she was already pregnant with their first child brought great happiness to the couple. After only a year, Elizabeth died giving birth to a daughter, who also did not survive. 

The grief-stricken Adolf ordered the construction of a Russian Orthodox church - the St. Elizabeth's Church in Neroberg Park, Wiesbaden - to house her remains The location of the church on the hill was chosen by Adolf himself so that he could always have a view of the church from his residence. Elizabeth's sarcophagus can still be seen today inside the church

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Netherlands

Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898

Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in Arolsen Castle in Arolsen, the capital of the small German principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was the fourth daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. Her brother, Friedrich, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister, Helena, was the wife of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, a son of Queen Victoria. Her maternal grandfather was William, Duke of Nassau, a grandson of Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887.

Emma had a religious education from a very liberal minded pastor. With her English governess, Emma studied crafts, drawing, and French literature.

Princess Emma married the elderly King William III in Arolsen on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg. The aging, licentious king, once described as "the greatest debauchee of the age", is supposed to have previously been rejected by Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had more interest in his youngest son. Emma's elder sister Pauline was the king's obvious first target, but Emma was the one who stepped in with the words: "I wouldn't mind becoming Queen of the Netherlands!"

With William, Emma had her only child, the future Queen Wilhelmina, on 31 August 1880. The king also had three sons from his first marriage, William, Maurice, and Alexander, all of whom died before him without any legitimate offspring.

Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became regent for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency into the reign of his successor, their underage daughter, Wilhelmina, until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898.

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the crown of which according to the House-Treaty should not be inherited by a woman, passed to Adolf, Duke of Nassau, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle.

Emma took her position of regent seriously. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She was open to anyone who wanted to talk to her and insisted that she personally open and handle as much mail as possible. In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter.

When Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepped for her job as a reigning queen.

She died in The Hague on 20 March 1934, of complications from bronchitis at the age of 75, and was buried in Delft.

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People that have married in to the Royal Families since 1800 Spam

Netherlands

Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898

Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in Arolsen Castle in Arolsen, the capital of the small German principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was the fourth daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. Her brother, Friedrich, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister, Helena, was the wife of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, a son of Queen Victoria. Her maternal grandfather was William, Duke of Nassau, a grandson of Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887. 

Emma had a religious education from a very liberal minded pastor. With her English governess, Emma studied crafts, drawing, and French literature.

Princess Emma married the elderly King William III in Arolsen on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg. The aging, licentious king, once described as "the greatest debauchee of the age", is supposed to have previously been rejected by Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had more interest in his youngest son. Emma's elder sister Pauline was the king's obvious first target, but Emma was the one who stepped in with the words: "I wouldn't mind becoming Queen of the Netherlands!" 

With William, Emma had her only child, the future Queen Wilhelmina, on 31 August 1880. The king also had three sons from his first marriage, William, Maurice, and Alexander, all of whom died before him without any legitimate offspring.

Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became regent for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency into the reign of his successor, their underage daughter, Wilhelmina, until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898. 

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the crown of which according to the House-Treaty should not be inherited by a woman, passed to Adolf, Duke of Nassau, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle. 

Emma took her position of regent seriously. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She was open to anyone who wanted to talk to her and insisted that she personally open and handle as much mail as possible. In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter. 

When Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepped for her job as a reigning queen. 

She died in The Hague on 20 March 1934, of complications from bronchitis at the age of 75, and was buried in Delft.

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People that have married in to the Royal Families since 1800 Spam

Netherlands

Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898

Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in Arolsen Castle in Arolsen, the capital of the small German principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was the fourth daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. Her brother, Friedrich, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister, Helena, was the wife of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, a son of Queen Victoria. Her maternal grandfather was William, Duke of Nassau, a grandson of Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887.

Emma had a religious education from a very liberal minded pastor. With her English governess, Emma studied crafts, drawing, and French literature.

Princess Emma married the elderly King William III in Arolsen on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg. The aging, licentious king, once described as "the greatest debauchee of the age", is supposed to have previously been rejected by Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had more interest in his youngest son. Emma's elder sister Pauline was the king's obvious first target, but Emma was the one who stepped in with the words: "I wouldn't mind becoming Queen of the Netherlands!"

With William, Emma had her only child, the future Queen Wilhelmina, on 31 August 1880. The king also had three sons from his first marriage, William, Maurice, and Alexander, all of whom died before him without any legitimate offspring.

Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became regent for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency into the reign of his successor, their underage daughter, Wilhelmina, until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898.

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the crown of which according to the House-Treaty should not be inherited by a woman, passed to Adolf, Duke of Nassau, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle.

Emma took her position of regent seriously. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She was open to anyone who wanted to talk to her and insisted that she personally open and handle as much mail as possible. In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter.

When Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepped for her job as a reigning queen.

She died in The Hague on 20 March 1934, of complications from bronchitis at the age of 75, and was buried in Delft.

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People that have married in to the Royal Families since 1800 Spam

Netherlands

Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898

Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in Arolsen Castle in Arolsen, the capital of the small German principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was the fourth daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. Her brother, Friedrich, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister, Helena, was the wife of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, a son of Queen Victoria. Her maternal grandfather was William, Duke of Nassau, a grandson of Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887.

Emma had a religious education from a very liberal minded pastor. With her English governess, Emma studied crafts, drawing, and French literature.

Princess Emma married the elderly King William III in Arolsen on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg. The aging, licentious king, once described as "the greatest debauchee of the age", is supposed to have previously been rejected by Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had more interest in his youngest son. Emma's elder sister Pauline was the king's obvious first target, but Emma was the one who stepped in with the words: "I wouldn't mind becoming Queen of the Netherlands!"

With William, Emma had her only child, the future Queen Wilhelmina, on 31 August 1880. The king also had three sons from his first marriage, William, Maurice, and Alexander, all of whom died before him without any legitimate offspring.

Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became regent for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency into the reign of his successor, their underage daughter, Wilhelmina, until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898.

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the crown of which according to the House-Treaty should not be inherited by a woman, passed to Adolf, Duke of Nassau, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle.

Emma took her position of regent seriously. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She was open to anyone who wanted to talk to her and insisted that she personally open and handle as much mail as possible. In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter.

When Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepped for her job as a reigning queen.

She died in The Hague on 20 March 1934, of complications from bronchitis at the age of 75, and was buried in Delft.

[heavyarethecrowns]

People that have married in to the Royal Families since 1800 Spam

Netherlands

Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898

Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in Arolsen Castle in Arolsen, the capital of the small German principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was the fourth daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. Her brother, Friedrich, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister, Helena, was the wife of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, a son of Queen Victoria. Her maternal grandfather was William, Duke of Nassau, a grandson of Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887.

Emma had a religious education from a very liberal minded pastor. With her English governess, Emma studied crafts, drawing, and French literature.

Princess Emma married the elderly King William III in Arolsen on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg. The aging, licentious king, once described as "the greatest debauchee of the age", is supposed to have previously been rejected by Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had more interest in his youngest son. Emma's elder sister Pauline was the king's obvious first target, but Emma was the one who stepped in with the words: "I wouldn't mind becoming Queen of the Netherlands!"

With William, Emma had her only child, the future Queen Wilhelmina, on 31 August 1880. The king also had three sons from his first marriage, William, Maurice, and Alexander, all of whom died before him without any legitimate offspring.

Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became regent for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency into the reign of his successor, their underage daughter, Wilhelmina, until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898.

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the crown of which according to the House-Treaty should not be inherited by a woman, passed to Adolf, Duke of Nassau, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle.

Emma took her position of regent seriously. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She was open to anyone who wanted to talk to her and insisted that she personally open and handle as much mail as possible. In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter.

When Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepped for her job as a reigning queen.

She died in The Hague on 20 March 1934, of complications from bronchitis at the age of 75, and was buried in Delft.

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People that have married in to the Royal Families since 1800 Spam

Netherlands

Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898

Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in Arolsen Castle in Arolsen, the capital of the small German principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was the fourth daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. Her brother, Friedrich, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister, Helena, was the wife of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, a son of Queen Victoria. Her maternal grandfather was William, Duke of Nassau, a grandson of Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887.

Emma had a religious education from a very liberal minded pastor. With her English governess, Emma studied crafts, drawing, and French literature.

Princess Emma married the elderly King William III in Arolsen on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg. The aging, licentious king, once described as "the greatest debauchee of the age", is supposed to have previously been rejected by Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had more interest in his youngest son. Emma's elder sister Pauline was the king's obvious first target, but Emma was the one who stepped in with the words: "I wouldn't mind becoming Queen of the Netherlands!"

With William, Emma had her only child, the future Queen Wilhelmina, on 31 August 1880. The king also had three sons from his first marriage, William, Maurice, and Alexander, all of whom died before him without any legitimate offspring.

Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became regent for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency into the reign of his successor, their underage daughter, Wilhelmina, until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898.

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the crown of which according to the House-Treaty should not be inherited by a woman, passed to Adolf, Duke of Nassau, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle.

Emma took her position of regent seriously. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She was open to anyone who wanted to talk to her and insisted that she personally open and handle as much mail as possible. In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter.

When Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepped for her job as a reigning queen.

She died in The Hague on 20 March 1934, of complications from bronchitis at the age of 75, and was buried in Delft.

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People that have married in to the Royal Families since 1800 Spam

Netherlands

Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont

Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont was Queen consort of the Netherlands and Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg by marriage to King-Grand Duke William III. An immensely popular member of the Dutch Royal Family, Queen Emma served as regent for her daughter, Queen Wilhelmina, during the latter's minority from 1890 until 1898

Emma was born a princess of Waldeck and Pyrmont on 2 August 1858 in Arolsen Castle in Arolsen, the capital of the small German principality of Waldeck and Pyrmont. She was the fourth daughter of Georg Viktor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and Princess Helena of Nassau. Her brother, Friedrich, was the last reigning prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont. Her sister, Helena, was the wife of Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, a son of Queen Victoria. Her maternal grandfather was William, Duke of Nassau, a grandson of Princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau, through which she inherited a place in the line of succession to the Dutch Crown until 1887.

Emma had a religious education from a very liberal minded pastor. With her English governess, Emma studied crafts, drawing, and French literature.

Princess Emma married the elderly King William III in Arolsen on 7 January 1879, two years after the death of his first wife, Sophie of Württemberg. The aging, licentious king, once described as "the greatest debauchee of the age", is supposed to have previously been rejected by Princess Thyra of Denmark, who had more interest in his youngest son. Emma's elder sister Pauline was the king's obvious first target, but Emma was the one who stepped in with the words: "I wouldn't mind becoming Queen of the Netherlands!"

With William, Emma had her only child, the future Queen Wilhelmina, on 31 August 1880. The king also had three sons from his first marriage, William, Maurice, and Alexander, all of whom died before him without any legitimate offspring.

Three days before William died on 23 November 1890, Emma became regent for her incapacitated husband. She continued her regency into the reign of his successor, their underage daughter, Wilhelmina, until Wilhelmina's eighteenth birthday on 31 August 1898.

The Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, the crown of which according to the House-Treaty should not be inherited by a woman, passed to Adolf, Duke of Nassau, who happened to be Queen Emma's maternal uncle.

Emma took her position of regent seriously. She met personally with every government minister at least once every two weeks and strictly adhered to the rules of the constitutional monarchy. She was open to anyone who wanted to talk to her and insisted that she personally open and handle as much mail as possible. In addition to her administrative duties, Emma paid great attention to the education of her daughter.

When Wilhelmina reached the age of 16, Emma considered her childhood over and Wilhelmina spent the next two years being prepped for her job as a reigning queen.

She died in The Hague on 20 March 1934, of complications from bronchitis at the age of 75, and was buried in Delft.