#which is more important for stuff like annealing

[kesslersymbolic]

The iron carbon phase diagram is very normal and totally clears this up.

It... kinda makes sense but the irony is not lost on me that really Cast Iron is Steel with Carbon added.

So we have pure iron, and we add carbon and we call it steel. Ok cool, so then we also have cast iron, which is where you take iron and add more carbon. Yeah okay. And then we get pig iron, which is where you take iron and add even more carbon to it. So with steels we get high carbon steel and low carbon steel. Low carbon steel has more carbon than iron but less than iron. High carbon steel has less carbon than iron but much more than iron.

[painted-crow]

Bird systems, trees, crystals, and glass

No, this isn't about yoga or anything. I'm cracking Algorithms to Live By open again for another Obscure Bird Metaphor!

The anon in the post right before this one got me thinking of a thing...

They were a burned Lion modeling Bird, talking about how they hate their system being poked at because (essentially) it's fragile and they're relying on it. I am therefore restraining myself from asking them about this 😂 but I wonder if their system is constructed differently from a healthy Bird's.

Trees

I gave this advice a while back about unburning Bird primary.

Basically: healthy systems have a structure. There’s a hierarchy of beliefs, or as I prefer to think of it, a tree--with very basic core concepts at the trunk: things like "human life is inherently valuable," which can be relied upon not to change a whole lot.

Other beliefs follow from those. If you start from "unnecessary suffering is bad," you can branch into a whole lot of other stuff.

Once you've built up your tree a bit, you just start going through the world and testing everything you hear for truth. A Bird primary does this pretty much unconsciously. They also might start running into conflicts and having to prioritize.

For example, they might hear someone say "suffering is bad! Therefore we should eradicate this genetic disease... by [horrible methods]!" and the Bird will (hopefully) go "no, that is eugenics, and it is Bad because human life is inherently valuable."

So why am I talking about this?

The problem is that things aren't always as obvious as that. The trunk of your system tree might be very solid, and so might the branches that build off of it! But once you start getting into sticks and twigs and leaves, you get more potential for them to cross over each other and need pruning.* So it's very important to have this structure, so that pruning one thing doesn't take down the whole tree.

*That's an actual thing with pruning trees, apparently. I like this metaphor.

When you have time to construct your system at peace, as with a full Bird primary who develops theirs as a kid, or as with someone who just picks up a Bird model because they like it or someone they care about uses it, you usually end up with some semblance of this structure. When your system building is in response to Burning, though...

Crystals and Glass

Stable system structure (say that five times fast) takes time and patience, and is probably incompatible with the "I am relying on this prototype to keep me Okay" of using it as a crutch while Burned.

Systems work by being tinkered with. They're always a work in progress. You can try to come up with one all at once, but it's almost certainly very brittle. (This isn't a judgment on you if you're doing this--it's just, yeah, what you're trying to do is hard and it probably breaks a lot.)

And! I have a new metaphor:

In the late 1970s and early ’80s, Scott Kirkpatrick considered himself a physicist, not a computer scientist. In particular, Kirkpatrick was interested in statistical physics, which uses randomness as a way to explain certain natural phenomena—for instance, the physics of annealing, the way that materials change state as they are heated and cooled. Perhaps the most interesting characteristic of annealing is that how quickly or slowly a material is cooled tends to have tremendous impact on its final structure. As Kirkpatrick explains:

"Growing a single crystal from a melt [is] done by careful annealing, first melting the substance, then lowering the temperature slowly, and spending a long time at temperatures in the vicinity of the freezing point. If this is not done, and the substance is allowed to get out of equilibrium, the resulting crystal will have many defects, or the substance may form a glass, with no crystalline order."

Quote taken from Algorithms to Live By, by Brian Christian and Tom Griffiths, in chapter nine, "Randomness"

The annealing process is an interesting one. I'll try to explain--it's like... sometimes, if you make all the obvious immediate right choices, you can railroad yourself into a solution that isn't optimal because you aren't seeing the bigger picture. You reach what's called a local maximum: you've found the best solution available... in the tiny corner you looked in. It's like trying to pack a suitcase without taking some things out and repositioning them to see if they fit better.

This is why healthy Birds really like to poke at even their core or core-adjacent beliefs sometimes. It's why you get nerds arguing over the trolley problem for funsies. It's why Kurt Vonnegut wrote a story that poked the question, "is there any situation in which sexual assault could be justified?" (I really hate that story, and if I were in his place I wouldn't have published it, but I understand why he wrote it.)

Needless to say, these discussions can be... provocative, and our Lion friends do not always appreciate them, for very understandable reasons--especially if we don't make it clear that we don't actually expect that the discussion will change our beliefs in the end. We just want to poke at things, because they're interesting, or because we want to know how far our internal rules can be stretched and still hold true, or just out of habit.

But Burned primaries modeling Bird are not only uncomfortable with those discussions, they can actually become unstable because of them. There's no room for the usual Bird annealing process. They don't have time to spend on melting their system crystal and lowering its temperature slowly, hanging out at melting point for a while to get it to form a stable structure. They need a solid now, so they're left with glass... and glass shatters.

...Ow.

So, what are you supposed to do in this situation? Can you make it better?

I think you can, to some degree.

Ideally, you'd unburn your actual primary, but that's difficult and might take a while--you need a temporary solution, which is why you're modeling Bird in the first place.

It's probably doable to pick out some stable core beliefs, so at least you have something if the rest of your system goes haywire.

Once you have a solid core to work from, it might help to poke a healthy Bird whose judgment you trust while you're building up your modeled system, especially if your tree is currently shedding branches, because they're really good at debugging stuff and will often offer to clone one of their tree branches to graft onto yours, so you can feel better and also grow lemons or something.

You might want to let them know you're having a rough time and this questioning isn't just for fun, so they don't get too far into the weeds (and let them know if they're stepping into uncomfortable territory if they do, because which topics are considered difficult is different for everyone).

Also bear in mind that you are potentially asking for emotional labor from them, depending on the topic; it might hit some of their more sensitive subjects, which they may still be willing to discuss but only when they're in a stable mood.

Alternatively, you can try leaning on a different crutch instead of, or in addition to, your model--like asking other people when you're stuck on something. This is the more direct form of the previous suggestion: instead of helping you build up your system to make decisions, you just ask for help when you need it. This is more like the "outsource your morality to someone else" tactic that's also popular with burned Lions.

Whatever you decide to do, remember to cut yourself some slack--you're speaking a foreign language here, primary-wise, and it's hard and stuff breaks and it's best if you try not to be too hard on yourself. Give yourself space and patience to recover. I'm rooting for you!

[youzicha]

@argumate wrote:

complexity theory imposes various upper bounds on the size of problems you can solve, but I think the most important bounds are the lower bounds ones we’ve already established for many important problems: in cases where we already know the optimal algorithm then no AI can do any better regardless of how super intelligent it is.

now there are still a lot of suboptimal algorithms that can be improved, but the longer smart AI takes to show up the less there will be for it to do.

in the extreme case the final optimisation algorithm we discover will find nothing left to optimise.

I doubt it! I think hypothetically this could happen, but there are not many signs of it so far. As I see it (disclaimer here that I never seriously studied complexity theory), there’s a kind of qualitative difference between lower bounds for easy problems and for hard problems, and the AI stuff is hard.

For example, there are various famous algorithms for quickly finding shortest paths in graphs, which you could probably even invent yourself as a homework problem given some mild hinting. You may wonder if you “got it right”, and indeed, checking the literature there are various lower bounds for computing shortest paths, so if your algorithm matches the lower bound you are “done”.

After doing so, you might then think, “cool, now can I do the longest path problem too?” But no, the longest path problem is NP-hard, so even if you think for a really long time you’ll never get a fast algorithm. Instead you have to switch gear and e.g. consider additional properties that the inputs may have (like bounded treewidth), or pick a more heuristic algorithm like simulated annealing. (In the case when such an algorithm actually works, it probably also exploits some kind of additional property of the input, but it’s not too clear which one.) Here, the hardness result was useful not because it showed that your solution was correct, but because it indicated what “mode of thinking” you needed to be in to make progress.

If you were to get these two cases mixed up you’d reach some absurd conclusions. You can appeal to a hardness result saying that something will always need to take exponential time for some inputs, and then write a program that just does a brute-force search and claim that you have “solved” the problem. But if your program doesn’t run quickly enough, then that “solution” is useless. What the hardness really tells you is that the problem was poorly posed, and you can’t hope for something that works so generally.

And it seems when we think about “human level AI”, all the emblematic problems fall in the “hard” category. Theorem proving, planning, optimization, game playing, ... all of these are intractable in general. Of course, humans still try to muddle through, and so must the AI, but we know of no neat specification of these that we can solve optimally once and for all. It’s like that Conway quote: “Mathematics is the simple bit. It's the stuff we can understand. It's cats that are complicated.” We don’t even know where to start proving useful lower-bounds about cat-style problems!

[melon-kiss]

Screaming, Pt 4

Part 1

Part 2

Part 3

Link to the part on AO3

____________________________

I hear voices over the black fog of my unconsciousness but I can’t be sure they’re real. I think it’s the doctors. They try to revive me. I hear that I have a stable pulse and I breathe. Good. Or whatever.

When I open my eyes, I’m sweaty and frightened. My T-shirt is so wet it changed its colour to dark grey. My hair is sticking to my face. My eyeballs go from one side to another in an utter madness. I notice it’s already dark outside. Doctor Mike lights up a small lamp on my nightstand. I think he suspects me of being scared of darkness. I’ve never been. Now he’s right. He says comforting things, like: “You’re safe now” or “I can see you’ve been tortured”. But “torture” doesn’t even cover it. I’ve been through a vivisection. Sherlock gutted me out and now I  know for sure he did it on purpose.

I fight insomnia for very long hours. When I manage to fall asleep, I hardly find any rest in it.

I toss and turn endlessly. It never gets better. The bed sheet is too hot or too cold. The dreams I have are horrifying. All the memories I’ve kept safely tamed resurface and haunt me. Suffocate me with their weight. They’re my burden now.

They burn me out. They wreak havoc. I feel every cell in my body ache as I remember the pain of all the words unsaid, all the moments not lived. I see the bright blue eyes, always looking through. I hear the voice. It lies to me. Does it, though? It says: I... I love you. And again, quieter: I love you. It hurts because I’m sure it’s insincere. It couldn’t be any other way. He’ll never love me like I want to be loved. He can’t give me safety and protection. He can’t support me. He can’t be with me. He can’t be with me. He can’t be with me.

I scream. The hot air rips my lungs into shreds. My voice is hoarse and piercing at the same time, it echoes in the entire building. I scream as though being cut in two; a primal shriek finds its way out of me. It’s the only thing that keeps me sane - otherwise the pain would be unbearable. I want to be dead. I scream so loud the night staff comes to my room every fifteen minutes to wake me and assure me I’m safe but it doesn’t take long for the circle to go around again. They finally give up and inject something into my arm. The dangerous mix of fear and pain is numb now. It doesn’t vanish; it’s covered with a warm fluff of the meds. It’s there. He’ll never love me the way I want to be loved.

My eyes are stuck on one point on the ceiling. I want to scream but I can’t.

 * * *

 The cold late-autumn air lashes my face when I place my foot outside the door. I wrap the scarf tighter around my neck. It’s difficult to keep yourself warm when there’s not much of the fat tissue in your body.

My therapist says it’ll get better. I don’t know. I don’t think he tries to lie to me. I choose to believe him. He also says that I’ll never fully recover. My psyche is broken beyond repair. LSD killed me and didn’t do it at all. All I can do is to try to make the best of it. “Regaining your memory was the most important part,” he said once. “And you’ve succeeded in it.” I think he hopes that there’s a chance for me to get back to my old self in that. I’ve lived with my missing memories for over six months and today is the first day I feel good enough to leave the house. I’m going to face death. Many deaths.

I walk down the London streets and the air soaks up in my lungs. It’s cold but in a pleasant way. The hot air gets out of me with carbon dioxide. I breathe in the chill oxygenium with my eyes closed. I relish the moment. I never know when my brain will snap and turn everything into endless sadness. I don’t have fury attacks anymore but instead, I wake up in the middle of every night, screaming. The scream eventually turns into cry. I curl up in my bed and wait for the pain to let go. It never really does but its level decreases to the point I’m able to live with.

Being yourself. What does it even mean? Whatever I do, I’m me. I’m me when I walk down the London streets, heading to work. I’m me when I jump out of my bed and choke someone. I’m me when I throw up because my body cannot contain the anxiety caused by my fugue. I’m me when I scream my head off in the middle of a night. I’m me when I kiss someone I love. I’m me when I cry because I couldn’t be more broken. I’ve learned to simply accept whatever comes to me. This is who I am. A mess. Fixing me is a job for a lifetime.

I’ve been missing the lab. I throw myself into work because it helps me soothe the suffering. The relief is temporary but whatever works, right? I love the sound of the glasses clinking against each other. I love how my brain focuses entirely on bringing out my scientific knowledge and it almost resembles the mind I used to have. These are the moments when I know the old Molly Hooper is still there. She didn’t die because she always wins.

 It’s almost dark outside when I turn off the lights. I take a short look around to make sure I’ve cleaned everything up. I push the door open and fix the handbag on my shoulder. I walk out into the corridor, pale-y lightened with the cold hospital lamps. I raise my head up and freeze.

He freezes as well. He’s changed; weaker, sadder. His blue eyes widen and I can see his breathing stops. His mouth are open in an utter shock. He’s speechless but doesn’t look away. He swallows with difficulty.

“Molly.”

The soft whisper fills out the space of the corridor. I begin to get dizzy and my heart rate quickens rapidly. I take a small step back and cling to the door behind me. I’m close to hyperventilate. He makes a move towards me but I start visibly shivering in response.

“Molly...”

He’s filled with guilt which adds a fair weight to his movements. His eyes, usually cold and focused on looking through his mind palace, are mild, even glossy. His eyebrows frown in worry. I’m sure he pities me. I don’t need his pity. I slide down the door and sit on the floor with my legs pulled to my chest. I see his coat getting closer with a corner of my eye. My body trembles strongly. I let out the tears.

“Leave me alone,” I whisper.

He stands in place for a while and walks off eventually. When he’s no longer in the range of my eyesight, I curl up on the floor and cry. He can’t be with me.

 * * *

 I’m slightly cheerful on my days off. The winter is pretty ugly this year; it doesn’t look like the ones I remember. No fluffy snow and colourful lights. But maybe I’ve just gotten too old to see them? I think it’s sad. We become adults and forget all the beauty we’ve had as children. We forget that the key to happiness is not only in winning the jackpot but also in seeing the little things and enjoying them. In finding a four-leaf clover and thinking: “Today I’m going to be lucky”. In hearing your mum is going to make your favourite biscuits because she loves you so much she could do anything to see a smile on your face. I sound like The Little Prince, don’t I? When your brain tries to find its way back to sanity, you happen to have a lot thoughts. Trust me.

I deliberately step into every grey, muddy-snowy-watery puddle and smile. My shoes will get soaked up for a while but I enjoy this childish activity until I can. I just hope my groceries won’t slip out of my shopping bag to fall into one of these snowy monsters. I think about the small but pleasant stuff: like ordering a pizza and watching a film. My brain loves turning into tapioca. Well, it doesn’t, I do. I also bought brownies and can’t wait to stuff my stomach with them after the pizza box is empty. For a moment I think of the poor person who would have to go through my stomach content if I killed myself tonight, and then shake it off. I don’t want to die but I don’t have much of a will to live as well. I’ve learned not to joke about suicide around other people, though. It turns out death is a difficult matter for normal human beings. I wouldn’t know, I’ve always been very practical about it. It doesn’t scare me that much. Well, maybe a little because I’ve never been through this. They say I have but I don’t remember a shred from this moment. I’ve regained a memory of being strongly hit in a head in my house but then... it’s all darkness. The next thing was the hospital ceiling and the conversation The Three Horsemen of Madness had in my room.

I’ve loved watching trash telly (and not only this) because it keeps my sadness and insanity at bay. I’m well aware of that. My therapist didn’t have to tell me this but he did it anyway. He even asked if I wanted to do anything about it. I didn’t but he says (because the matter obviously wasn’t dropped) it would work out for the best because a broken heart cannot be mended by watching stories about other hearts being healed. I thought he was supposed to help me keep my post-LSD psyche under control but it seems I couldn’t have been more wrong. When I look back at the memories I’ve retrieved, I can’t help but think... maybe this craziness has always been with me? The way I sewed my happiness with his skin, desperately, utterly, unconditionally, obsessively... Omnipresent but invisible. Courageous - with a rabbit heart. The smallest spark of hope I’ve ever seen kept me by his side. Maybe LSD only sped up what was inevitable: a nervous breakdown. Although I wasn’t really weak. My heart just popped, heavy from all the sorrow it has carried for five years.

Now, after being completely broken, I’m learning to live in a world without him. I don’t blame him - after all, it was me who asked him to leave me alone. I thought he would fight for me but I’m glad he didn’t. My insanity would feed on the scraps he would throw me, reliving the annealed wounds with a red-hot steel. He doesn’t come to Bart’s or maybe he does but he’s good at avoiding people. And sometimes, when everything seems fine and I’m home alone (which is always), I fill out the silence with singing. I choose the saddest songs I know and sing. I bet my neighbours have had to call an ambulance to save their bleeding ears at least once but I’m a psycho. I can do whatever I want because I don’t care.

I’ve recently watched Eclipse and I sing a song from its soundtrack under my nose when I unlock the door. The door clicks and I enter my completely dark house. I don’t turn on the lights and enjoy the fact that it’s already dim outside but it’s too early for the street lights to turn on and shine into my kitchen. I stand in the entrance room and soak in the emptiness. It fills me out and seeps into my bones. This is where my body find its way to the state of default. I put my shopping bag away on the floor and untangle my winter shoes. After that I move the groceries into the kitchen, almost tiptoeing, as though afraid of waking someone up.

I take off my coat and scarf, putting them down on the kitchen counter. I start unloading my shopping bag, thinking about the pizza I’m going to order. I’ve gained some weight, maybe a little too much but that’s all right. I couldn’t care less about my body. If I had to worry about my appearance as well, I would definitely kill myself.

“My love has concrete feet, my love’s an iron ball, wrapped around your ankles, over the waterfall...”

“If I didn’t know better, I would think it was on purpose.”

A glass bottle of a carrot juice slips out of my palm as I jump in a complete horror. My socks soak in the sticky liquid but I can barely seem bothered by this. I turn on the heel and look at the utter darkness in my living room. The same moment the street lights turn on and a beam of weak light falls on his face as well. I feel my body trembling. I want to back out but there is no escape - he could catch me any time. Not that he would but the fear takes over my mind.

“You... you broke into my house?” I ask, panting. A panic attack is around the corner.

“I entered your house without your knowledge,” he replies, utterly steady. “There’s a difference-“

“What are you doing here?” I put on a tough act but we both know it’s a ruse. I don’t care. I don’t want him to break me again. I might never recover.

“I came to see you.”

I scoff.

“You could do it the normal way.”

“Would you meet me, then?”

“No.”

“Exactly.”

I’m pressed against the refrigerator and I feel a pain in my back as the metallic door resists to my spinal bones. He makes three steps forward. He takes off his gloves and shoves them into his coat pockets. He takes if off as well, with no rush, and throws it away on my couch. Without unlocking our eyes, he approaches me. I’m sure I’ll tip over the refrigerator in a second because he’s so close there can’t be more than a foot between us. He stops. My head is dizzy and I feel like throwing up but then he squats and begins to collect the shreds of glass bottle from the floor. I’m sweaty but relieved. The tension leaves my body and I exhale loudly.

It catches his attention. He looks up at me.

“I’m not here to hurt you.”

I scoff again.

“It doesn’t matter.”

I turn around to face the kitchen counter and find paper towels but they’re on the opposite side. I glare down and see that the juice is everywhere but my socks are completely soaked up, so it wouldn’t be smart of me to walk off to the bathroom for a mop. Besides, I could step into the cracks and that was not the point of his help.

He finishes and throws the glass away. He remembers very well where my bin is. After that, he wordlessly goes to my bedroom and comes back with a pair of dry socks. I can see that he spread a bit of the juice on the floor but his gesture successfully disables my frustration. He sticks out his arms towards me. I hesitate. What is he planning to do? I slowly reach out to his arms but he slides them under my armpits and lifts me up over the juice, placing me on my small kitchen island. Then he disappears in the bathroom and comes back with the mop. He wipes out the floor. Not a word slips out of his lips.

I slowly take off my wet socks, watching his every move. I put the dirty socks away next to me and reach out for the paper towel. I dry my feet out while Sherlock cleans up my kitchen floor. Even my old self would say that only a lunatic would find it possible. Cheers to all of us, crazies. I put away the used paper towel as well and put on my new socks. I start to swing my legs a little bit as Sherlock finishes the cleanup. He walks off to the bathroom to rinse off the mop for the last time and comes back to me. I can’t look away somehow.

“Thank you,” I say in a hoarse voice. I clear my throat.

“I’m sorry,” he replies. “I didn’t mean to frighten you, nor be an intruder.”

I shrug.

“It was just a carrot juice. I’ll drink more water, then.”

My legs swing more and more intensively. I know what it means and so does he, so I force myself to stop because a smirk crawls up on his face. I feel my cheeks burning up and I instantly regret tangling my hair into a pony tail. This is probably the most normal thing that happened to me in about nine months.

He places his hand next to my left thigh and leans on. I feel his perfume and something in me shivers. My heart rate goes wild but I cannot force myself to look away. He puts his palm really gently on my right cheek and his face is so close I can see every pore on his skin. I give in and let out a quiet exhale. I close my eyes and my body is fulfilled with warmth as his lips lock with mine. He moves a little to stand fully in front of me and takes my face in both of his hands. His lips open more and more eagerly as he doesn’t see any objection on my side. My legs clench around his waist, I throw my arms around his neck. I pull him closer but it’s difficult to say whether I’m motivated by the kiss or the simple need of a hug.

I feel awaken. My body’s warm, pulsing with every beat my heart does. For the first time in many months I feel alive and I relish this moment because I know that in a minute, everything will end.

And it does.

I push him away a little too hard. He has to take a step back to prevent a fall. The passionate fire turns into anger.

“Don’t do it.”

I feel a twinge in my chest seeing pain in his eyes. He looks as if I just crushed his last hope. His blue eyes are tired, miss their old spark. I hate myself for pushing him away and feeling the way I feel.

“Why?” he asks.

“Because it doesn’t make sense,” I hiss through my teeth.

“What doesn’t?”

“Us.”

He winces and shifts nervously.

“What?”

I clench my palm into a fist and press it against my forehead, leaned forward. A forgotten suffering comes back to me. I’ve buried it so deep inside I was certain it was gone but it’s been waiting for me. A battle I didn’t want to fight starts right here and right now. And I, again, want to be dead and dead only. I close my eyes so tightly it almost hurts as does every cell in my body.

“We don’t make sense,” I utter after anticipating a less painful moment.

He starts breathing quicker. He’s as lost as he’s never been before. I imagine that’s how he looked like calling me to save me. Helpless in the face of the truth.

“How could you have fallen in love with me, then? ” he asks, hopelessness taking over him. “Despite all the pain I’ve caused you, all the things I’ve said...”

“I suppose love is a kind of madness,” I say, my unseeing eyes focused on one irrelevant point.

“Your love is illogical, since I’ve always been an utter cock.”

“Not always,” I reply, smirking weakly. “But we don’t love for the logical reasons. We love despite all the illogical ones.”

We fall silent. I enjoy my most sane moment for several minutes. It can disappear anytime.

“I love you.”

I raise my head up. It feels like my heart skips a beat.

His eyes gaze at me with pain I’ve never seen on his face. He almost pants, his arms are unfolded. He’s like a living target. He’s just showed me where to shoot and I stretch my bow, aiming for his chest.

“But you cannot give me the love I want,” I reply, my voice stifled. I finally sigh in exasperation. “We’re far two different. It would be a disaster of a relationship. Can you imagine yourself cleaning our flat every Saturday, planning our wedding, putting our children to sleep? Because this is want I want. But it would only hurt us more.”

“I can change,” he says.

I scoff.

“And that’s the point,” I respond. “I don’t want you to change. I love you the way you are. I love every part of you. But you cannot love me. You couldn’t have loved me before and you can’t do it now.”

“I think I’ve loved you long before,” he says in a weak voice.

I am... sorry. Forgive me.

You can see me.

You do count.

I’ve always trusted you.

Thank you.

The one person who mattered the most.

I hope you’ll be very happy, Molly Hooper.

You look well.

I’m worried about you, Molly.

I love you.

I gaze at him almost breathless. I blink and make myself utter a response:

“I love you, too,” I whisper. My eyes fill with tears. “But you cannot make me happy... Sherlock.”

His name tastes sweet in my mouth. I’ve missed saying it. Now I glance at his lips and think about the moments we shared a few minutes ago and back then in the hospital. I could share them with him forever. I would never get bored of him. But there would be times when he would forget about my presence in our flat, when he wouldn’t listen to me, chasing a lead. When he would be lost and I couldn’t find him.

And now... me with my mood swings and moments of insanity striking when the least expected. With my broken mind. Unfixable. Fucked up.

He suffers and this time, I’m the one to blame. I’ve broken the unbreakable man.

“I’ve turned you into something you’ve always hated,” I say. “You’re weak, you’re an easy target. You’re emotional and vulnerable.”

“As I’ve always been,” he replies. “You’re my strength.”

I wince.

“Strength? Sherlock-“

“You’re my strength because you’ve helped me understand myself better than anyone. I’ve never had to pretend with you. And... and back then in Sherrinford, when I realised how much pain I’ve caused you... no one ever has made me realise so much of me with so little words as you have. You are the reflection of my sensitivity. With you, I’m no longer myself.”

He begins to slowly get closer.

“But... But this is my point!” I protest. “It’s not a good thing becau-“

“It is a good thing because... what does it really mean - being myself?” He stops at less than a foot from me and scoffs. “I am myself in every minute of my life. I won’t miss my old self, though. I was a completely blind moron, who couldn’t appreciate people around him. And you’ve managed to look behind this curtain and see the man I am now. You’ve taught me to be who I am now.”

He smiles, lifting only one corner of his lips but he knows. I try to back out and escape his look but I feel that I don’t want to. My body is slowly giving in. It is so warm. It feels so good. I love him so much.

“But the old Molly may be no longer there. I’m a mess now,” I mumble, trying to avoid his gaze.

He cups my face in his palms again and places our foreheads together. I can’t resist. I don’t want to resist. I lose control over my head and I’m not even worried. A pleasant wave of chemicals floods my body and they’re better than any of the antipsychotics I’ve taken in the past nine months. I’m still a mess. I know that Sherlock will regret his decision one day when a switch in my brain goes off and I’ll stand at a rooftop (flashbacks will kill him, though). But I’m tired of trying to be normal.

“So am I. When I found out that Eurus had attacked you... I was both furious and hurt. I was torn. I still feel guilty over the fact that I couldn’t have prevented this and that she could have killed you. I was ready to bring hell on Earth. Maybe you’re a mess... but you’re also somehow a piece of puzzle that’s missing from my messy life.”

I feel the warmth of his breath on my face, the softness of his hands on my cheeks. His curls tickle my eyelids. I so weak.

“Oh, come on,” he whispers, “just give in already.”

I giggle and lose myself completely. I want to scream... but everything I do speaks louder than words.

[shazzeaslightnovels]

Sword Art Online Progressive 1 Review

Author: Reki Kawahara

Illustrator: abec

Label: Dengeki Bunko

Release Date: 10th October 2012

English Version:

Yen-Press is currently publishing this series in English so please buy it if the series interests you.

Story:

Sword Art Online: Progressive is an expansion to the first arc of the main series: Aincrad with plenty of new scenes and details added to flesh out the story and characters. If you somehow don’t know of the premise to the arc, it’s essentially a survival game story set in a VRMMORPG where if the characters die in the game, they die in real life and to escape the game, they have clear all 100 floors of Aincrad, all of which have their own strong bosses. This volume is about the clearing of the 1st and 2nd floors.

I will start off by saying that this volume contains a few illustrations that are on the ecchi side of things and has some silly light novel humour in parts. I didn’t mind it too much and I actually laughed at some of the jokes but I know that can be a deal-breaker for some people. The major issue that I had with the volume is that Kawahara has a habit of over-explaining things. He’s gotten better with time but those explanations can really bog down a scene and make it tiring to read. I also didn’t think the action scenes were that exciting as they tended to be full of too much video game terminology which made it hard to follow along. As an example, instead of saying “the sword” it would often say “Anneal Blade +6″. These things didn’t help the action scenes flow smoothly.

The Japanese edition of this volume is over 500 pages long but it barely felt like it. Explanations of battle mechanics aside, it was very easy to get absorbed in the book. While this volume is quite slow and has quite a few scenes with characters just talking to eachother, I actually really liked that aspect of it. To me, the scenes with casual conversations between characters is to show how they’re adapting to the world and are starting to act like they would in real life. Plus, those scenes were very enjoyable and relaxing to read. I’d argue that the theme of this first volume is “finding the will to live in a seemingly hopeless situation” and I think it covered it well through the characters of Asuna and Nezha.

Character:

The first difference that readers of the main series will notice is the absence of Klein. The volume starts off with Asuna and Kirito’s first meeting so Klein doesn’t appear in this volume at all, though he is mentioned. I think this is for the best, however, as it means the relationship between the two leads is much more developed than it was in the original. They get plenty of great interactions and Asuna gets to really shine here and show off all the stuff that makes her such an interesting and charming character. I also liked Kirito here. I’ve always found his self-sacrificial nature to be one of his more interesting negative character traits (I may go into this in another post at some point) and his narration was quite amusing at times. This volume also features Argo, a character who I think was only in the original arc during the Red-nosed Reindoor story. I was always surprised about that because of her striking character design but we’re finally getting to know more about her here!

Adaptation Notes:

This series has two manga adaptations. The first one is illustrated by Kiseki Himura and seems to cover the first two volumes of the light novel while the second one is illustrated by Shiomi Miyoshi and I believe it starts from the 3rd volume. I’ll just be talking about the first one here with regards to how it adapts this volume.

While the light novel series has Kirito as the primary protagonist but occasionally switches to Asuna’s POV, the manga focuses almost entirely on Asuna’s side, leading for some very effective manga-only scenes. Personally, I find Asuna’s perspective to be very interesting and I wish the novel had more of it. Unfortunately, the manga cuts out some very cute scenes and I also found that it had more silly humour and ecchi scenes than the original did though I did laugh at some of them. I’m not sure if I’d recommend it over the light novel but it’s definitely worth the read if you’re interested in Asuna’s POV.

I’d like for this series to get an anime adaptation at some point. The first anime actually did adapt part of this volume in it’s second episode but a lot of it was cut or changed to the point where I almost wish they didn’t bother and adapted The First Day side story or expanded one of the other side stories instead.

Recommended for:

Fans of the main series should definitely read this. I think people who didn’t like the original arc could like this as well due to Asuna’s increased presence and the slower pacing allowing for more character and relationship development. If you didn’t like the original due to Kirito, I’m not sure if this volume really fixes him but his growth is paced out enough that he doesn’t feel as OP. You could definitely read this without having read the main series but you wouldn’t be able to read this and then read Fairy Dance expecting to understand everything because this series is still incomplete so several semi-important characters haven’t been introduced yet.

Will I be reading the next volume?

Of course! I actually went back and bought volume 2 while it was on sale so I’ll be reading that soon.

[cabinetdoorsupply]

A Guide to Choosing Glass Ready Cabinet Doors

"If you can organize your kitchen, you can organise your life," says Louis Parrish without a surety. This is due to the fact that you will be handling numerous objects in the kitchen. There are a few ways to organize your kitchen stuff, one of which is to make effective use of kitchen cabinets. When it comes to organizing your  cabinetry, upper shaker cabinet doors with glass are essential for creating a beautiful presentation of your kitchen products. The nicest thing about these cabinets is that they come in a variety of glass types and styles, making your kitchen both useful and gorgeous.

 Is it worthwhile to replace a wood door with a glass door?

 Smart homeowners will merely reface the cabinet doors, saving both time and money. This makeover significantly  transforms the appearance of your glass paned cabinet doors, making them more functional and appealing. The good news is that, as comparing to upgrading the cabinet, it will save you money.

 Now that you've decided to make your idea a reality and are browsing for cabinet door types,

Alternatively, you may be considering  glass cabinet doors, which may add a touch of glitz to your kitchen. Let's look at the various types, designs, and patterns of cabinet glass doors that homeowners choose.

  Which glass is the finest for cabinet doors in the kitchen?

 Both clear and frosted glass have distinct characteristics and are available in two forms: tempered and annealed. However, the contents of your kitchen, cabinet space, and privacy factor are all important factors to consider when choosing a glass front kitchen cabinet.

 When it comes to kitchen cabinets, clear glass is ideal because it:

 Your kitchen cabinet things are interesting enough to be used as decor.When you put Glass Panel Cabinet Doors you don't want to show off a cluttered view since you want to show off a larger kitchen interior area. For easy access, you should organize stuff inside cabinets. When it comes to kitchen cabinets, frosted glass is ideal because: You want to create a sense of privacy as well as a contemporary feel.Ordinary kitchen objects that should be hidden Your kitchen need a constantly cheerful motif. For cabinet doors, you want elegant patterned glass.

  In your kitchen cabinets, what other kind of glassware should you use?

 Different glass styles, like different glass types, are suitable for various kitchens. Furthermore, everyone has their own preferences and tastes. So, if you want to add some elegance to your Glass Ready Cabinet Doors, consider the following glass patterns. Leaded glass has a design that is quite similar to mullion doors, and it has some lovely patterns that make it a really appealing option. Designing a classic kitchen interior is ideal.

 Sumiglass: Use it if you want a privacy glass that not only increases brightness but also adds a design tone, such as white fiberglass, for an elegant contrast. It's the most effective technique to increase privacy in a unique way.

 Textured Glass: It comes in a variety of designs that keep the things hidden in a stylish way while providing varying levels of opacity. It appears as if the glass is completely submerged in water, and it produces incredible fuzzy views of cabinets.

 V-Grooving: It displays the frosted texture of V-shaped curving patterns and provides an outstanding blend of frosted and clear glass to improve cabinet item visibility.

 What should I put on exhibit in the upper glass cabinets in the kitchen?

 You should not attempt to fit every item into the cabinet that will fit. Consider only those goods that will not overcrowd the cabinet. Different people have different priorities in their kitchen wall cabinets with glass doors, but here's what the majority of people do:

 ●     Mugs for coffee

●     Tea-cups

●     Glassware

●     Ornaments

●     Beans and porridge in bowls and containers

●     Indoor plants that are little

●     Cookbooks and cooking dairies

●     Dishes

●     Tupperware

●     jugs that are large

[tanadrin]

Cool article about “genetic annealing” as source of the various lineages of life: the modern view seems to be that, in analogy with crystals forming out of a cooling solid, the early environment in which life arose was one sufficiently chaotic and chemically rich that concepts like distinct organisms and distinct genetic lineages didn’t really apply; over time, the environment changed and specific genetic templates crystallized, resulting in the three major lineages of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes).

The picture painted of the cells of the ancestral genetic soup is an interesting one; they’re primitive even by the standards of simple bacteria:

If modern large proteins could not be produced by progenotes, then a modern type of genome replication/repair mechanism did not exist. As with translation, a rudimentary mechanism implies a less accurate one (26), and the resulting high mutation rates necessitated small genomes.

The structure of these genomes must reflect the primitive evolutionary dynamic in general. Therefore, I see the progenote genome as organized rather like the macronucleus of some ciliates today (25): it comprised many small linear chromosomes (mini-chromosomes), each present in multiple copies. Each chromosome was “operonally” organized, that is, functionally or structurally related genes were grouped together. The individual chromosomes were “semi-autonomous” in the sense that they more resembled mobile genetic elements than typical modern chromosomes. Cell division occurred in the simplest way possible, by a physical pinching of the cell into two approximately equal halves.

Small chromosomes are demanded because, when mutation rates are high, only these stand a chance of being replicated without a crippling number of mutations. A linear (small) chromosome makes both replication and transcription simple from a topological perspective (topoisomerases don’t seem to be needed). Chromosome multiplicity means genetic redundancy, which serves to ensure functionality when one or more copies of a gene are knocked out. Operonal organization is selected for by both the random mode of chromosome segregation (at cell division) and more strongly yet by lateral gene transfer (28)—there is little or no benefit in inheriting only part of a new metabolic pathway. And mobile genetic elements are well suited for lateral transfer as well.

Upon cell division, the mini-chromosomes distribute randomly between the daughter cells. This fact would lessen the mutational burden imposed by high mutation rates in the sense that the daughter cell with the better balance of functional copies of important genes has a selective advantage. If replication errors could be directly detected (e.g., as mispairings), a more direct way to eliminate them seems possible, through simple destruction of the mini-chromosome in question, say, by nuclease cleavage (25).

Small primitive genomes with low genetic capacity and imprecision in both translation and genome replication imply a primitive cell that was rudimentary in every respect (26). The progenote probably had no cell wall (see below) (13). Its subsystems were generally less complex and hierarchically organized and the cell itself was less integrated than are cells today. The states of that cell were fewer, simpler, and imprecisely defined and controlled (26). The progenote was more or less a bag of semi-autonomous genetic elements (the mini-chromosomes). These elements would come and go, especially on an evolutionary time scale. Higher level organization, among the mini-chromosomes and throughout the cell, was minimal.

The whole article is really interesting and talks about wild stuff like lineages that might mutate out of control, but still provide novel genes passed on via lateral gene transfer; gene transfer stopped dominating evolution as cellular metabolisms became more complex, and one simple part was no longer guaranteed to fit into another--unlike physical crystallization, caused by a lowering of physical temperature, genetic crystallization causes the “genetic temperature” of the early biosphere to drop.

The “tree of life” is just a model, of course, but it’s fascinating to see how that model breaks down the further back you go:

By now, it is obvious that what we have come to call the universal phylogenetic tree is no conventional organismal tree. Its primary branchings reflect the common history of central components of the ribosome, components of the transcription apparatus, and a few other genes. But that is all. In its deep branches, this tree is merely a gene tree. Genuine organisms (self-replicating entities that have true individuality and a history of their own) did not exist at the time the tree started to form. The tree arose in a communal universal ancestor, an “entity” that had a physical history but not a genealogical one. This tree became an organismal tree only as it grew, only as its more superficial branches emerged. By the time these formed, many more functions had crystallized and so, had come to have discernible histories; and these histories coincided with those of the ribosomal components and the like—but only after the point of their crystallization. 

In fact, at this stage in history, the evolution of genes strongly resembles the evolution of language, where, e.g., Proto-Indo-European should be thought of, not as a specific unified language spoken at a specific time and place, but probably a family of closely related dialects not entirely distinct from one another. Even separation into different lineages, as with language, doesn’t mean crystallization into a single column of vertical inheritance:

An interesting question is whether the universal tree had become an organismal tree by the time the three primary lines of descent began to form and branch. I think not. The cellular design commitments implied by the existence and vertical evolution of the bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic ribosome types should preclude many of the evolutionary innovations that occurred in one of the primary organismal groups from being successfully transferred laterally to one or both the others; but, in that the genotes of that day were less sophisticated than modern cells (and the evolutionary temperature was still elevated), more of these innovations might still transfer globally than would later be the case. I picture the ancestors of each of the primary lines of descent as being themselves to some extent communal, but in a much more local, restricted sense than that which holds for the universal ancestor. 

The analogies between language and genetics are quite potent--which is why linguists speak of “genetic relationships” between languages. Which makes sense; they’re both schemes for encoding information. The linguistic equivalent of lateral gene transfer among closely related organisms is why, for instance, modern English has both “enough” and “plough” (inheritance of pronunciation from different dialects), and why we should think of reconstructed languages like PIE as sets of features (i.e., individual genes), not true synchronic snapshots.

A final puzzle: why are there metabolic genes the archaea and bacteria share that the eukaryota do not? Contrary to the original scheme which led to the prokaryote/eukaryote division, the archaea are more closely related to the eukaryotes in a lot of ways. Lateral gene transfer is presumed to be responsible, but maybe it’s that eukaryotes ended up doing lateral gene transfer differently:

However, none of this addresses the absence of these genes in eukaryotes. Given that metabolic genes tend to be laterally mobile and that the eukaryotes engage in lateral gene transfers, especially (but not exclusively) through endosymbioses, it is reasonable to expect that the eukaryotes had no opportunity to sample the genes in question. Thus, the lack of these metabolic genes in eukaryotes seems more related to the nature of the early eukaryotic cell than to any specific ancestral relationship between Archaea and Bacteria. When the genomes of some of the deeply branching eukaryotes have been sequenced, the perspective to resolve this problem may exist. 

(I also can’t help but think of the early universe, when much higher temperatures meant different physical processes dominated; where much higher genetic temperatures dominated, lateral gene transfer becomes a dominant, not secondary, process governing evolution. Like the linguistic analogy, it’s quite easy to make too much of this, but it is a very pleasing symmetry.)

[jwproducts43-6-blog]

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Here at Grasscity.com, our team is enthusiastic about what we do! We work together to find the coolest new smoking accessories, provide a fun and easy shopping experience, get your stuff to you safely, and answer your questions along the way! For over a decade, you have helped us grow Grasscity.com into one the most successful online headshops today, with a thriving counterculture community forum of more than half a million members! With our great team and warehouse, we are an international company that ships worldwide.

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    4 High End Brands that are Definitely Worth the Price!

Roor

People smoke out of all kinds of things — from apples to high tech vaporizers — but if you love waterpipes and you’re ready to invest in a high-quality glass bong that will be a solid, reliable smoking instrument for years to come, it’s time to get a ROOR.

German made Roor glass is known as the best of the best for a reason: They. Know. Quality. All Roor pieces are made from the best Schott Duran Pyrex Tubing clear premium borosilicate glass, which I have to tell you is quality that you can really see, folks! Every Roor has a unique signature of the artist that created it, the ever recognizable Roor logo, and a certificate of authenticity, that comes with a code that can be verified easily online. Accept no imitations!

In addition to bongs, our ROOR catalogue offers high-grade glass steamroller pipes, diffusers, ashcatchers, bowls and more. For those who roll up their herbs ROOR also offers smoking papers, ashtrays, and the innovative new Cypress Hill’s Phuncky Feel Tips, reusable glass tips that act as a filter and roach clip!

Meticulously designed and manufactured at their German facility, ROOR premium glass bongs and accessories bring their owners years of smooth smoking pleasure and are well worth the investment.

To verify your ROOR bong is the real deal and not a cheap copy, every ROOR bong now comes with its very own seal, which is like its own fingerprint. Every seal has its own unique tag with 3-dimensional air bubble field and an alphanumeric ID. You can either scan the QR code next to the bubble tag or enter the ID code on the seal at https://roor.de/authenticate/. If yours is the real deal the pattern that will appear after you enter the code is identical to the one on your seal.

ROOR Blue Series Bong with Carb Hole | 250ml | 14.5mm

Only 3 left

$149.99

 $119.99

       Straight up and and down but never boring, ROOR’s Blue Series cylinder bong with carb hole features a stable hexagon base and is constructed from tough, high-grade borosilicate glass. Built to bring you years and years of smoking fun, your bong will arrive ready to go with a sliding funnel bowl with colored glass roll stopper and a non-diffuser downstem for a strong, snappy hit. The ROOR logo in blue is featured prominently, so everyone will know that you know what’s up when it comes to glass bongs!

As a bonus, you’ll also receive a free 3-point ROOR glass screen with your purchase!

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Empire Glassworks

  Established in 2013, with their headquarters located in Placentia, California, USA, just southeast of Los Angeles, Empire Glassworks Artists and Owners hold over 40 years of experience with crafting glass figurines, borosilicate beads, and metal-infused trinkets for the high-end jewelry community. With this gained experience and knowledge, they have been able to use their skills to create a full line of hand crafted vaping and smoking accessories including a limited line of designer creations that are distributed throughout the United States, Canada, Australia, & Europe.

Empire Glassworks team of highly skilled glassblowers individually design all their pieces and only use the finest imported glass from Europe and the United States. They use a torch flame process called lampworking to finish the glass pieces and custom mix most of the colors they use to create their unique and beautiful range of hand made vaping and smoking accessories. All their pieces are carefully annealed in a kiln at over 1000 degrees Fahrenheit making them stronger and more durable.

Many of their designs are inspired by customer suggestions and the 1000 degree plus temperatures are responsible for the rich natural colors and characteristics that make Empire Glassworks pieces beautifuly unique. Empire Glassworks incorporate dichroic chips into many of their pieces. Originally created for the Aerospace industry and used by NASA as a protective layer in their space suits face shields, these ultra-thin layers of different metals are applied to the surface of the glass pieces, then the glass is kiln fired at extreme temperatures in a vacuum to create a array of individual color. This technique is used for single pieces and in big projects and guarantees that no two glass items will ever be exactly the same making Empire Glassworks a name and brand to look out for.

 Empire Glassworks Agent Orange Hand Pipe

    Only 2 left

$99.99

 $79.99

This incredibly detailed Agent Orange hand pipe from Empire Glassworks measures 11 cm / 4.5 inches in length and resembles a potbellied agent in a suit. The slightly wacky looking portable pipe has been handmade in the USA from the highest quality borosilicate glass and is ideal for people who enjoy smoking their dry herbs in style.

The beautifully finished pipe weighs approximately 150 grams and has a carb hole on the left side of the bowl for extra control of your hits. The bold colors and attention to detail will make this characteristic and collectable hand pipe stand out in any glass collection. The pipe can be placed in a standing position on its stable feet to prevent it rolling off any flat surface.

To use the pipe, simply load your favorite dry herb or tobacco mix into the bowl located on the rear. Place your lips on the mouthpiece located on the characters head and fire it up! This powerful and portable pocket-size pipe is easy to clean and use making it the perfect choice for regular smokers who just want a quick hassle free hit while out and about.

Because each piece is individually handmade, the Agent Orange pipe you receive will be one-of-a-kind. The exact shape may vary slightly from the pipe in the photo but the overall design will be the same. Pick up your own handmade characterized hand pipe today at the number one smoke shop Grasscity.com.

 G-Spot Glassware

 Rated 4.73 / 5.0 from 353 reviews.

 Since 2000, G-Spot has been producing first class, individually handmade glass bongs and accessories from the finest high-grade borosilicate glass at their Wertheim, Germany facility, but what they’re really famous for is their development of the Solid Tank Joint. The joint is a weak point on a glass bong, but the innovative Solid Tank Joint is constructed with ultra-stable grinding, ground on the inside and layered with thick glass, designed to withstand even the toughest strikes. Take a look at their video below, where the guys from G-Spot demonstrate that the Solid Tank Joint is so strong you can literally use it to hammer nails into wood!

 Strength and beauty go together at G-Spot, and GrassCity offers a wide range of durable and classy G-Spot bongs for sale from their extensive catalog, including specialty waterpipes like the Aboriginal and the Dragon Ice Cylinder Bong. With so many options, you can really take your time to pick the piece that’s perfect for you. Whether you choose clean straight lines, glass orbs, wavy curves or all of the above, G-Spot’s bongs exhibit premium quality that you can see and feel when you hold one in your hands. Besides the shape of your pipe, take note of options like the Solid Tank Joint, ice notches, carb hole, and the G-Spot logo itself, usually applied along the cylinder in either real gold leaf or raised and flame-polished glass.

 We also carry G-Spot’s selection of affordable, high-quality glass handpipes and a dizzying array of bong accessories to check out: spare or replacement parts like diffusers and colored glass bowls; add-ons like the Ash Catcher and carbon adapters; rubber stoppers for a carb hole or for plugging the jointwhile cleaning your bong; even a glass cutter for easy home customization of too-long downpipes.

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 EHLE. Glass

 Rated 4.81 / 5.0 from 228 reviews

 A beloved name among discerning bong smokers on a budget, the EHLE brand began engineering and manufacturing quality glass instruments in 1950, but it was in 1988 that Thomas Ehle built upon his father’s life’s work by creating the line of high-grade glass waterpipes that they are now famous for.

   EHLE’s tubes project elegance, durability and luxury that go beyond surface appearance. Through computer-controlled cooling and tempering processes and the use of only the best high-grade borosilicate glass, EHLE produces sturdy and reliable glass tubes and accessories with pinpoint precision joints, subjected to continuous quality and performance tests and guaranteed to fit all standard-size accessories even after years of use.

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 20% OFF Winter Sale Grasscity 📢20% OFF Winter Sale No Code Necessary Click the 🔗 Here at Grasscity.com, our team is enthusiastic about what we do!

[storefrontinstallation]

Expert Broken Glass Repair Service | Bethesda MD Join us Now

Window glass repair is not a task we would like to undertake but unfortunately it's not easy to avoid. I mean seeing pieces of broken glass is quite irritating and getting it repaired as soon as possible is the best solution.

Some Safety Guidelines

The most ideal approach to have your windows fixed is to enlist a specialist who can do it effectively and securely. Be that as it may on the off chance that you want to do it without anyone's help, at that point you have to do it cautiously. For one you need to be certain of the fact that all your broken glass repair and replacement tools are available.

A portion of the gadgets to compose incorporate, an etch, glass shaper, coating cuts, push points, glazing putty, screwdrivers, glass handling sucking cups and a hummer. Once you have all these ready then you will be ready to start

The first important task is to remove the broken glass. I realize you may think this is simple stuff however it is truly not unreasonably simple. You have to get some answers concerning the kind of glass you are expelling and its condition. For example, you may find that is simply common glass, which shouldn't be too much of a problem, tempered, annealed or insulated unit of two panes. Each of these types breaks differently.

Tempered glass on the other hand breaks into hundreds of small pieces and insulated glass generally has an external and inward sheet and just a single ordinarily breaks at once. So utilize these tips to comprehend your window type before you endeavor the window glass fix venture. Presently you can without much of a stretch go to the shop to purchase the correct window that you can fit in.

Get Now Expert advice by Professional Glass Window Repair Service in your area. You can have a consultant come over for an obligation free consultation. Get them to assess the windows and in their quote they will include the window type that is needed. You are not obliged to use their quote but you can use the information they provide to make an informed purchase decision from a supplier of your choice.

If you are looking for a Broken Window Glass Repair Service check our Professional Glass Window Repair Service provider, contact us today. With experience in residential and commercial glass in Baltimore MD and nearby area, it is known for its expert work, quality materials, and satisfied customers. No matter if your glass repair and Replacement is big or small, we can help you get the done quick.

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[thecutethulhu-blog]

The Prime 7 Bonsai Tools And Equipment You Ought to Purchase

If you wish to begin with bonsai gardening, you will want to arrange important bonsai tools and equipment that may allow you to with this fascinating pastime. Though there could also be dozens of instruments that you could find in your native gardening provides store, it's best to take into account investing in incessantly used instruments first since you will want these instantly. The next are the highest 7 bonsai instruments that learners ought to put together, so they may get began in cultivating and rising their bonsai crops. You can find more about bonsai tools  here http://www.bonsaiworld.org/blog-bonsai-tools-and-equipment/

1. Concave Pruner

This is likely one of the most necessary bonsai instruments that you'll want to purchase, so be sure you search for a high quality concave pruner fabricated from the best materials. It's used to take away branches correctly, which ensures fast therapeutic of the wound. The instrument acquired its identify from the form of the wound or lower left on the department. When used the proper means, the wound is prone to heal sooner from the perimeters of the trunk or department as a substitute of from its prime and backside elements. With the concave melancholy left into the trunk, the wound will be capable of callous over whereas stopping any unpleasant bumps on it. For individuals who need to purchase a concave pruner for the primary time, possibility is the Eight-inch pruner as a result of this dimension is taken into account as probably the most versatile and generally utilized in bonsai gardening.

2. Knob Cutter

Additionally known as the “melon ball cutter”, this bonsai tools and equipment has particular capabilities. Even when it's not used as typically because the bud scissors or concave pruners, it nonetheless serves as a necessary a part of your bonsai instrument package due to its distinctive features. With its extraordinary form, the instrument is able to biting aggressively into the wooden. Therefore, it's simple to take away protruding stubs whereas sustaining complete management as you employ the knob cutter. Furthermore, you should use this instrument in eradicating wooden in a a lot faster and extra exact method whereas shaping the ultimate floor lower on the department. The knob cutter can also be helpful when you'll want to do away with undesirable trunk or root materials in an space the place a partially-removed faucet root is discovered. With the aggressive nibbling motion of the instrument, this helps remove extra callous positioned beneath the trunk, which different instruments usually are not in a position to take away. This additionally makes it simpler so that you can match the plant correctly into the pot.

3. Wire Cutters

It's doable to regulate the form and look of your bonsai plant by coaching them. Mainly, this system is carried out through the use of wires to form and place the branches and trunk of your plant. Whether or not you employ annealed copper or aluminum wires, you may practice your bonsai in a means that can carry out its pure magnificence. Most shops promote common wire cutters, which you should use for snipping away wire that must be utilized to your bonsai. Nonetheless, you'll have to search for cutters which are designed particularly for bonsai gardening. Since you will want this instrument to do away with wires from the bonsai, you'll want to put money into high quality cutter that's helpful in eradicating coaching wire with out inflicting any damages to the department.

4. Bud Scissors

When trimming small branches, buds and leaves of your bonsai plant, you'll want to use the best instrument that can allow you to do these duties correctly. Bud scissors are simply what you want for this goal since they arrive with finger holes and shorter blades for wonderful management and excellent slicing energy each time crucial. As you shut the blades of the scissors, the handles’ shaft stays far aside. This characteristic prevents unintentional crushing of serious elements of the plant once you shut the deal with shafts.

5. Root Cutter

When you'll want to place an untrained bonsai plant in a pot for the primary time, you will need to shorten or do away with massive roots. Whereas you could find a number of instruments that can be capable of do the job together with the concave pruners, there are dangers concerned in utilizing inappropriate instruments since it's doable that some small stones will get caught within the blades. With this in thoughts, you will need to use the best instrument for the job akin to the basis cutter as a result of its blade building is thicker and coarser, which permits it to resist damages brought on by small stones. The lower you make when utilizing this instrument is at an acceptable distance from the trunk earlier than you employ a knob cutter in nibbling down the wooden to an acceptable form. When you are doubtless to make use of this instrument much less incessantly, it's nonetheless necessary to have this in your bonsai package. Needless to say there are cheaper variations of pruners, however a extra sensible selection is a top quality root cutter that's purely meant for bonsai gardening.

6. Root Hook

A number of necessary elements of repotting bonsai embody the mild untangling of roots and removing of soil. Some folks use a chopstick to do these duties, notably when the plant continues to be small. When the specimen has grown into its medium or massive dimension, you will want to make use of a extra environment friendly instrument akin to a root hook. This instrument has hooks with one to a few factors, though a single-point root hook is extra environment friendly in eradicating soil with out inflicting damages to superb and small roots. Whereas hooks with a number of factors are nice for soil removing functions, roots typically get tangled within the factors, which might result in breakage of superb roots.

7. Different Instruments

Except for primary bonsai tools and equipment, you will want different units which are helpful in varied conditions. These instruments embody tweezers, jin pliers, saws, gouges, and brushes, though it's higher to purchase this stuff if you find yourself certain that these are wanted instantly for the reason that value might add up quite rapidly.