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warcraft-lore-archives · 5 years ago

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A History of the Trolls’ Intertribal Relationships

Approx. 16,000 – 15,000 Years Before the Dark Portal Opens: The Formation of the Tribes

The first and most powerful tribe of trolls to arise is the Zandalar tribe, who lay claim to the highest peaks of the Zandalar mountain range and build a grand city of gold called Zuldazar [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 70]. Over the next several centuries, the Drakkari, Amani, and Gurubashi tribes form and amass enough strength to rival the Zandalari’s own [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 72]. A smaller tribe composed of dark trolls also comes together, although they remain largely independent from the others, uninterested in their desire for land and power [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 93].

During this time, the Drakkari, Amani, Gurubashi, and Zandalari all occasionally engage in skirmishes over hunting grounds, but major conflicts are few and far in between [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 72].

When the C’Thrax, Kith’ix, emerges and begins waging war on the trolls, the Zandalari move to unite the disparate tribes into one force – known as the Empire of Zul – strong enough to overcome the monstrous creature and its armies of aqir [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 72]. Realizing that the minions of the Old Gods must be defeated for good lest they rise up to threaten trollkind once more, the Zandalari convince the various troll factions to pursue the aqir wherever they flee across ancient Kalimdor. In return, the Drakkari, Amani, and Gurubashi are allowed to settle any land they find [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 73].

Both the Drakkari and Amani push north, whereas the Gurubashi pursue the insectoid aqir to the south. After centuries of fighting, the tribes eventually claim victory and, consequently, the land that was promised to them. Now located across far-reaching parts of ancient Kalimdor, the factions grow distant and become increasingly insular without war to bind them together. Nonetheless, the Zandalari continue to maintain a significant degree of influence over all of the trolls for years to come [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 73-74]. In fact, according to the non-canon RPG, trolls from each of the tribes gather in Zandalar every six years to discuss political matters [RPG: Lands of Mystery, pg. 82].

At some point between the formation of the tribes and the Third War, the Frostmane and Winterax tribes split off from the Drakkari Empire and settle in Dun Morogh and the Alterac Mountains respectively [Page: Winterax Tribe, Page: Eimear].

Approx. 10,000 Years Before the Dark Portal Opens: A Sharper Divide

The Razorbranch, a small tribe of jungle trolls living on the fringes of Gurubashi territory in modern-day Tanaris, are cut off from the rest of the Gurubashi Empire by the Sundering [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 76, Troll Compendium: Sand Trolls]. Following the catastrophic event, Tanaris undergoes dramatic climate change and quickly becomes a harsh desert wasteland. Forced to adapt to their new environment, the Razorbranch eventually rebrand themselves the Farraki and become known as the sand trolls [Twitter: Matt Burns, Troll Compendium: Sand Trolls].

Approx 2,800 Years Before the Dark Portal Opens: The Amani Encroach

The Zandalar tribe, seeking to reassert the trolls’ dominance in the Eastern Kingdoms by strengthening the Amani following their defeat at the hands of the high elves several thousand years prior, send a handful of emissaries to Zul’Aman to aid them in war against the quel’dorei [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 129]. Although the Amani are initially successful in battle, the high elves’ alliance with the humans ultimately proves too powerful for the trolls to overcome. The Zandalari emissaries, dismayed at their failure, return to Zandalar [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 131].

According to an outdated source, this is when many of the forest troll tribes break off from the Amani Empire and split into small, independent groups. Some – namely the Mossflayers, Vilebranch, Revantusk, and Witherbark – depart the Amani capital, Zul’Aman, in favor of reclaiming their tribal ancestral grounds in the Hinterlands and other regions in the northern Eastern Kingdoms [Troll Compendium: Forest Troll Tribes].

Approx 1,500 Years Before the Dark Portal Opens: The Loa of Blood

Desperate to reclaim their former glory after the Sundering destroyed much of their territory, the Gurubashi begin sacrifices to the loa of blood, Hakkar, in exchange for strength and power. Bolstered by the loa, the Gurubashi conquer and claim massive swaths of land in the southern Eastern Kingdoms, although it soon proves evident that Hakkar’s endless bloodlust will ultimately be turned on them. Horrified by this realization, some of the Zandalari sail to Stranglethorn Vale and put an end to Hakkar and his most crazed adherents, the Atal’ai [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 138].

Just as the Troll Wars fractured the Amani, so too do the Gurubashi fall apart after Hakkar’s defeat [Troll Compendium: Jungle Troll Tribes]. The Shatterspear tribe relocates across the world to northern Darkshore while both the Skullsplitter and Bloodscalp tribes stay in Stranglethorn Vale where they proceed to fight each other over territory [Troll Compendium: Shatterspear Tribe, Skullsplitter Tribe, Bloodscalp Tribe]. The Darkspear also remain in Stranglethorn for a time, but their violent warring with the Skullsplitter tribe and the constant abuse they suffer at the hands of the other jungle trolls ultimately causes them to leave and settle elsewhere [Troll Compendium: Darkspear Tribe, World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume III, pg. 54, Quest: Split Bone Necklace, RPG: Horde Player’s Guide, pg. 142].

Approx. 6 Years After the Dark Portal Opens: The Second War

Although the Amani Empire fractured into many independent tribes centuries earlier, they all agree to unite and join the Horde after Orgrim Doomhammer frees the Amani leader, Warlord Zul’jin, from a human prison camp in Hillsbrad [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume II, pg. 146-147, 160, Troll Compendium: Forest Trolls]. However, their alliance is short-lived as most of the forest troll tribes leave the Horde after the orcs’ crushing defeat and the trolls’ own failure to destroy Silvermoon City during the Second War. That said, one tribe, the Revantusk, stays and remains their ally [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume II, pg. 173, NPC: Elder Torntusk Dialogue, RPG: Horde Player’s Guide, pg. 9].

At this point, the already tenuous relationship between the various Amani tribes breaks down even further. The Revantusk took the Second War as an opportunity to claim more land in the Hinterlands, an action that enrages the Vilebranch and incites them to attack the Revantusk [Troll Compendium: Vilebranch Tribe]. The Witherbark also turn against the Horde-allied tribe, likely because of their decision to stay allied with the orcs [Troll Compendium: Witherbark Tribe, Revantusk Tribe].

Sometime after the Second War, both the Firetree and Smolderthorn forest troll tribes join with the Dark Horde and take up residence in Blackrock Spire [Troll Compendium: Firetree Tribe, Smolderthorn Tribe].

Approx. 21 Years After the Dark Portal Opens: A Growing Unity

Fleeing from the Alliance navy, Thrall and members of the new Horde temporarily take refuge on a chain of islands inhabited by the Darkspear trolls. After helping each other fend off Kul Tirans and murlocs alike, Thrall invites the Darkspear into the Horde [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume III, pg. 53-54]. They accept, making them the second tribe of trolls to officially join the Horde after the Revantusk.

Approx. 25 Years After the Dark Portal Opens: Hakkar’s Return

The Atal’ai, eager to bring Hakkar into the mortal plane once more, return to the capital of the Gurubashi Empire and begin enslaving Gurubashi trolls to use as sacrifices. King Rastakhan, leader of the Zandalari at the time, sends several of his personal emissaries to oversee and deal with the threat. The Zandalari emissaries travel to Stranglethorn Vale where, through their connection to the Darkspear tribe, they employ the help of Horde adventurers to defeat the loa of blood once and for all [World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume III, pg. 123, NPC: Exzhal Dialogue].

Following Hakkar’s defeat, Bloodscalp trolls torture and kill Bloodlord Mandokir, the leader of the Gurubashi tribe [Quest: Who’s a Big Troll?].

Approx. 26-27 Years After the Dark Portal Opens: The Empire of Ice

While the vast majority of the Drakkari stay in Northrend, the small Icetusk tribe departs on large canoes to escape the Lich King [Quest: Icetusk Fur Coat].

Just as in the past, a contingent of Zandalari trolls travel to Zul’Drak mostly to witness and chronicle the impending end of the Drakkari Empire, although some take a more active role and attempt to put a stop to the ice trolls’ blasphemous actions [NPC: Chronicler To’kini Dialogue, NPC: Hexxer Ubungo Dialogue].

The Winterax tribe, a group of ice trolls from the Alterac region, return to Northrend and rejoin the rest of the Drakkari for a time [Page: Winterax Tribe].

Approx. 28 Years After the Dark Portal Opens: The Shatterspear

The Shatterspear are recruited into the Horde by Garrosh Hellscream, which unites them with both the Revantusk and Darkspear tribes [Page: Shatterspear Tribe]. Unfortunately, the death of their chieftain at the hands of the Alliance shortly thereafter greatly weakens them, leading many of the Shatterspear trolls to leave the tribe, although some decide to remain in the Horde [Ask CDev, Round 4].

Approx. 28-30 Years After the Dark Portal Opens: The Empire of Zul Reborn

Shortly after the Cataclysm, King Rastakhan – under the Dark Prophet Zul’s advisement – begins negotiations to unite the disparate troll tribes for the first time since the Empire of Zul’s dissolution thousands of years ago [Object: The Dark Prophet Zul, NPC: Vol’jin Dialogue, World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume I, pg. 74]. Zul, acting as Rastakhan’s liaison, initially unites the main Gurubashi and Amani tribes, although the Darkspear, led by Vol’jin, refuse to join because of their allegiance to the Horde [Trailer: Patch 4.1: Rise of the Zandalari, Vol’jin: Shadows of the Horde, Chapter 23, World of Warcraft Chronicle Volume III, pg. 209]. It is only when the notorious Thunder King Lei Shen returns a few years later that Zul is able to fully, albeit briefly, unite all of the major troll tribes. He even succeeds in rallying the Frostmane tribe, a group of Drakkari indigenous to Dun Morogh, although the ice trolls are cut down by members of the Alliance, ultimately preventing them from joining with the Zandalari [Scenario: Blood in the Snow].

To cement the union of the tribes, each of their leaders come together in a Council of Elders that consists of representatives from the Drakkari, Amani, Farakki, Gurubashi, and, most importantly, the Zandalari [Dungeon Journal: Throne of Thunder, Council of Elders]. Unfortunately, the Council of Elders and, consequently, the united troll empire, fall apart after Lei Shen’s defeat.

Approx. 33 Years After the Dark Portal Opens: A Horde United

Under Queen Talanji’s rule, the Zandalari officially join the Horde, an action that unites four troll tribes: the Darkspear, the Revantusk, the Zandalari, and what remains of the Shatterspear [Quest: Allegiance of the Zandalari, NPC: Elder Torntusk Dialogue, Page: Shatterspear Tribe].

Present Day

Many of the troll tribes currently harbor a strong disdain for the Horde and, consequently, any Horde-allied trolls, especially the Darkspear [NPC: Bloodscalp Speaker Dialogue, Troll Compendium: Firetree Tribe]. While some simply dislike the Horde because they see them as weak, others hold grudges against several of the races that make up the Horde – particularly the high elves, undead, and trolls [NPC: Firetree Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Mossflayer Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Skullsplitter Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Frostmane Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Winterax Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Smolderthorn Speaker Dialogue]. The Amani’s long-standing conflict with the high elves of Quel’thalas, for example, makes them particularly unfriendly toward the Horde and its former leader, Sylvanas Windrunner [NPC: Mossflayer Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Firetree Speaker Dialogue]. Moreover, some of the tribes resent the Darkspear and Revantusk for allying with the orcs, seeing them as having betrayed their own kind [NPC: Bloodscalp Speaker Dialogue, Troll Compendium: Firetree Tribe].

Although the Zandalari have always maintained a modicum of influence over the rest of the trolls, their decline in the last several years has led the other tribes to look down on them as well. Many of the troll speakers in Zandalar comment that the Zandalari are weak, stagnant, and both unlikely and unable to hold power for much longer [NPC: Bloodscalp Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Mossflayer Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Skullsplitter Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Frostmane Speaker Dialogue, NPC: Winterax Speaker Dialogue].

As things stand, the Darkspear consider both the Amani and Skullsplitter tribes to be their mortal enemies [Quest: Zul’Marosh, Quest: Split Bone Necklace].

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ottomanladies · 6 years ago

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On this day, 21 September, in Ottoman history:

21 September 1739 - death of Saliha Valide Sultan: consort of Mustafa II and mother of Mahmud I, her origins are unknown. She was Valide Sultan for nine years, from 1730, when her son succeeded his uncle Ahmed III on the throne. Her title during her tenure was: "mehd-i ulya-ı saltanati Devletlü Valide Sultan İsmet-penah". She built several fountains across Istanbul: one to one side of the Yeni Valide Mosque in Üsküdar, another in Silivrikapı, and the Azapkapı Saliha Sultan Fountain in 1732, which is considered to be one of the masterpieces of the water architecture in Istanbul. There is a story about this fountain: Mustafa II’s mother Gülnüş Sultan saw a girl crying in Azapkapı one day while she waited for water. This girl was Saliha, who was educated in the harem and later given to the sultan as consort. After she became valide sultan, she swore she would work hard to bring fresh water to the neighbourhood in which she had grown up, thus she built the fountain. She died on 21 September 1739 and was buried in the Valide Mosque mausoleum.

21 September 1840 - birth of Murad V: eldest son of Sultan Abdülmecid and Şevkefza Valide Sultan. "Murad had learned both French and Arabic. He ordered and read books and magazines from France and was influenced by French culture. He played the piano, composed Western-style music, and accompanied his uncle Sultan Abdülaziz on visits to Europe and Egypt. However, when Sultan Abdülaziz tried to change the succession system in favor of his own son Yusuf Izzeddin, Crown Prince Murad cooperated with the constitutionalist circles and took part in the deposition of Abdülaziz on May 30, 1876. Though Murad V successfully acceded to the throne, he was not capable of maintaining his place; his weak nerves, combined with alcoholism, led to a mental breakdown" (Selcuk Akşin Somel - The Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire). He reigned for only 93 days, after which he was deposed for his younger brother Abdülhamid II, who was against a constitutional monarchy-- something that Murad had always supported. The former sultan was confined in Çırağan Palace for 28 years, forbidden to ever leave, until his death on 29 August 1904.

21 September 1842 - birth of Abdülhamid II: second son of Sultan Abdülmecid, his mother was Tir-i Müjgan Kadın. Abdülhamid II succeeded his elder brother Murad V on the throne and reigned for 33 years until he was deposed for his younger brother Mehmed V. Abdülhamid II was not as cultivated as Murad V (his instruction barely exceeded the level of primary-school education) and was actually against liberalism and constitutionalism; while it is true that he approved the introduction of a constitution and a parliament, the constitution was actually authoritarian and the parliament convened for only two periods (in 1877 and in 1878), after which he dissolved it. "For Abdülhamid, stability could only be assured by authoritarian measures such as personal rule, police surveillance, censorship, prohibition of public and private gatherings, and restrictions on mobility. Abdülhamid promoted networks of patronage to keep tribal leaders in remote provinces under his personal control and he also used the ideology of Islamism as a tool of control, stressing the notion of being both the secular ruler of all Ottoman subjects (sultan) and the religious head (caliph) of all Muslims everywhere. [...] Islamism was also used as a diplomatic tool to intimidate colonial powers with substantial Muslim populations, such as England, France and Russia." (Selcuk Akşin Somel - The Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire)

21 September 1863 - death of Pervîz-felek Kadın: consort of Mahmud II, she was the mother of Atiye (1824-1850), Hatice (1825-1842) and Fatma Sultan (1828-1830). According to Öztuna, she was Mahmud II's Fourth Imperial Consort but according to Sakaoğlu, the document announcing her death hailed her as Mahmud II's Sixth Imperial Consort. She was buried in the tomb of her husband.

#history #ottoman history #on this day in history #on this day in ottoman history #saliha sultan #murad iv #abdulhamid ii #late ottoman empire #pervizfelek kadin

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thisdaynews · 4 years ago

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EXPOSED:: DSS Attack Was An Attempt To Assassinate Me--Sunday Igboho

New Post has been published on https://thebiafrastar.com/exposed-dss-attack-was-an-attempt-to-assassinate-me-sunday-igboho/

EXPOSED:: DSS Attack Was An Attempt To Assassinate Me--Sunday Igboho

Mainstream Yoruba rights lobbyist , Sunday Adeyemo, also called Sunday Igboho , says the new attack with the rest of his personal effects by the agents of the Department of State Services was an endeavor to kill him .

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The lobbyist likewise said he pulled off his shirt since one of the DSS agents roughhandled him and brutally clutched his shirt around his neck territory.

Igboho expressed this on Saturday while including on a radio program, ‘ City Talks with Reuben Abati’.

The PUNCH had before detailed that mayhem broke out on Friday along the Lagos – Ibadan Expressway when Igboho and his allies were headed to meet with 93-year – old Afenifere tribal leader , Ayo Adebanjo.

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In a viral video , a shirtless Igboho was seen with his men challenging the security agents and tossing swearwords . Many have since asked why the dissident whom many accepted to have mystical powers and known to wear customary impenetrable vest was topless during the face – off.

However, talking during the radio program checked by The PUNCH, Igboho said , ” Why I pull off my material was that one of the DSS agents fiercely clutched my shirt . In this way, I chose to pull off the fabric and offer it to him for us to drag the matter .

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” They began shooting when we started to drag the matter. The entire scene was a humiliation for me. I’m a mindful man, I am a Yoruba resident, I am battling for the privileges of the Yoruba public . They wear ‘t need to humiliate me. “

Proceeding , the rights lobbyist said , ” I’ m a finance manager . I pay my expense to the Federal Government consistently and I have proof of assessment installment . Would it be advisable for me to be going out and about and a few group endeavor to slaughter me? For what? For what reason would they like to kill me on the grounds that their arrangement on Friday was to kill me. Why ?

” There is weakness in the country. Fulani individuals are assaulting our kin and executing our kin in the woodlands yet the security agents are not going there to go up against them. All things being equal, they are offered recover. It is simply pitiful that the public authority is compromising the everyday person living calmly in the country. It ought not be so.”

Igboho additionally said a joint group of DSS agents, fighters, and common guard were on the Friday mission to capture him , taking note of that there was no police officer in the group .

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Despite the fact that the DSS denied the endeavored capture yet Yoruba socio – political gathering , Afenifere; Human rights legal counselor, Femi Falana ( SAN) , among others have since denounced the DSS endeavor.

Igboho rose to unmistakable quality a month ago when he gave an expulsion notice to herders blamed for various wrongdoings in the Ibarapa territory of Oyo State and authorized same.

Official representative , Garba Shehu, had said the Inspector – General of Police , Mohammed Adamu, requested the capture of the rights extremist however numerous Nigerians had denounced such move, demanding that the security offices ought to rather gather famous Islamic researcher, Sheik Ahmad Gumi , who has been seen fraternizing with criminals in the backwoods of Zamfara and Niger States of late

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onlymexico · 7 years ago

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This is amazing, Mexican Kikapúes!. Yes!

the Tribu Kikapú, resides in Múzquiz Municipality in the Mexican state of Coahuila. Smaller bands live in Sonora and Durango.

The Mexican Kickapoo (Tribu Kikapú) are a bi-national indigenous people, some of whom live both in Mexico and in the United States. In Mexico, they were granted land at Hacienda del Nacimiento near the town of Múzquiz in the state of Coahuila in 1850. A few small groups of Kickapoo also live in the states of Sonora and Durango. The Mexican Kickapoo often work as migrants in Texas and move throughout the midwest and the western United States, returning in winter to Mexico. They are affiliated with the federally recognized tribes of the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas, Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma, and Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas.

In 1979 the Mexican Kickapoo who were dual residents requested clarification of their status, as they had no clear legal status in either the United States or Mexico. An Act was passed in 1983[8] by the United States Congress, which recognized them as a distinct subgroup of the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma. It also granted federal recognition to the Texas Kickapoo. A 1985 law gave the Texas band the option of selecting Mexican or U.S. citizenship. Some 145 of the tribe members chose to become U.S. citizens and the remaining 500 or so chose to obtain Mexican citizenship.

The hacienda occupied by the Mexican Kickapoo, is located approximately 32 kilometers northeast of the city of Múzquiz and is called by them "El Nacimiento de la Tribu Kikapú" (The Birthplace of the Kickapoo Tribe). Their property contains approximately 17,300 acres of semi-arid land sourced with water from the Río Sabinas.

Government The Mexican Kickapoo traditionally have a president of the ejido (common lands) who is supported by a council of elders for making business decisions; however, an assembly made up of the heads of families decides all important, tribal political matters. The assembly of the heads of the families chooses the community leadership. They have no representation in local, state or federal Mexican politics.

Social organization

Kikapú woman's traditional dress on display at the Museo de Arte Popular in Mexico City.

The Kickapoo kinship system is based on patrilineal clans, by which inheritance and property are passed through the paternal line. Children are considered born into the father's clan. There are 14 of the original 17 clans remaining: Man, Berry, Thunder, Buffalo #1, Tree, Black Bear, Eagle, Brown Bear, Buffalo #2, Fire, Water, Raccoon, and Fox.[10] Marriage possibilities are based on affection; however, the clan system regulates the possibilities of each individual.

The Kickapoo are matrilocal, meaning that young couples live in housing compounds and living arrangements near the woman's mother and grandmother. Women not only maintain but build the dwelling shelters. Women gather the materials to build their housing and are responsible for all housework.

Language

The Mexican Kickapoo speak the Kickapoo language, which is a Fox language, part of the large Algonquian languages family. They also speak Spanish and English; typically these are not learned in school, but rather through exposure.

Economic development

Traditionally a hunter-gatherer peoples, in the early twentieth century the Kickapoo began switching to agriculture. By the 1930s they had developed a modern system of farming. Due to significant droughts in the 1940s, the Kickapoo became migrant farm workers in the United States, abandoning agriculture on their own land. In the 1950s they began transforming their own farms into grazing lands for cattle breeding.

Both men and women do migrant farm labor. When they are living in Mexico, only the men participate in the livestock trade.

History

Northern Origins

Kickapoo comes from their word "Kiwigapawa," which roughly translates into "he moves from here to there." The tribe is part of the central Algonquian group and has close ethnic and linguistic connections with the Sac and Fox. The Kickapoo were first recorded by Europeans in about 1667-70 as residing at the confluence of the Fox and Wisconsin rivers. Under pressure from the Menominee, the Kickapoo and their allies moved south and west into southern Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, and northern Iowa.

A treaty dated 7 June 1803 between the U.S. Government and the Delaware, Shawnee, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River, Wea, Kickapoo, Piankeshaw, and Kaskaskia tribes occupying the country watered by the Ohio, Wabash and Miami rivers and a subsequent treaty dated 7 August 1803 ceded lands previously granted in the Treaty of Greenville in 1795 by General Anthony Wayne, and Fort Wayne and Vincennes, Indiana. By these treaties and succeeding treaties in 1809, and 1820 the tribe ceded all their lands on the Wabash, White and Vermilion rivers and moved into Missouri along the Osage River.

Resettlement on the Plains

In 1832, the tribe ceded their lands in Missouri and were granted a "permanent" home south of the Delaware Nation in Kansas near Fort Leavenworth Around the same time as the Kickapoo moved into Kansas, some of them went to Texas, invited to settle there by the Spanish colonial governor to serve as a buffer between Mexico and American expansionists. The Mexican War of Independence and the Texas Revolution proved that the tide of settlers would not be stopped by the few hundred Kickapoo. At the conclusion of the Texas Revolution, these groups moved south into Mexico.] In 1854 the eastern portion of the Kansas lands was ceded to the United States, leaving the Kickapoo the western 150,000 acres. Two provisions of this treaty were to have long-lasting effects on the tribe. The treaty authorized a survey of the Kickapoo lands which could be used as the basis for fee-simple allotment and it granted a railroad right-of-way across the reservation.

Using these two clauses as a basis, the local agent, William Badger, convinced the Commissioner of Indian Affairs Charles E. Mix that the Kickapoo wanted to have their communal lands allotted to individual households. Considering that the tribe had always held their lands in common, it is unlikely that the tribe wanted allotment. However, in light of Badger's persuasiveness, Mix directed that allotment proceed if 1) the Indians paid for the costs of surveying and allotting the land, 2) 80 acres was allotted to each head of household, and 3) any lands remaining after allotment of the Kansas Kickapoo be reserved for resettlement of the Mexican Kickapoo. Holding the lands not allotted for the Southern Kickapoo was not in the interests of the railroad, and Badger began pressuring tribal members for allotment. Though they complained, it was a change in presidential administrations due to a national election that caused Badger to be replaced in office in 1861 by his brother-in-law Charles B. Keith.

Keith was a political ally of Senator Samuel C. Pomeroy, who was the president of the Atchison and Pike’s Peak Railroad, the central section of the Transcontinental railroad, which had been formed in 1859. The railroad wanted to gain the right-of-way across the Kickapoo Reservation and title to any surplus lands when the reservation was allotted. Pomeroy and Keith both met with and wrote letters to Commissioner Mix urging allotment and by 1862, a new treaty was made with the Kickapoo.

The 28 June 1862 agreement allowed for chiefs to receive 320 acres, heads of households to receive 160 acres, and all other tribe members to get 40 acres each, with the bulk of the remaining 125,000 acres to be sold to the railroad. Those who chose not to accept allotment could continue to hold their lands in common until such time as an arrangement could be made to locate a new reserve in Oklahoma, i.e. Indian Territory. Any Southern Kickapoo had one year to return to Kansas and take up their allotment, or it would be forfeit. When news of the treaty being approved broke, protest erupted.

The Kickapoo indicated that they were unaware that the agreement had been reached and thought that they were still negotiating terms. The Kansas Attorney General, Warren William Guthrie, launched a grand jury hearing. The charges were considered serious enough that allotment was suspended and the new Commissioner of Indian Affairs, William P. Dole, appointed in 1863, traveled to Kansas to investigate. In the hearings that followed, allegations were made that Guthrie's real interest in the matter stemmed from his involvement with a rival railroad, the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad Corporation. Dole returned to Washington and submitted his report to President Lincoln on 4 April 1864. Some of the frustrated Kickapoo decided to leave Kansas, and a group of about 700 headed for Mexico to join kinsmen there in September 1864. In 1865 pressure from Pomeroy finally gained the approval to continue with the Kickapoo allotment, though the tribe resisted.

By 1869, only 93 Kansas Kickapoo had accepted fee simple allotment, the remainder preferring to continue holding their lands in common. Though a small band, approximately 50 tribesmen returned from Mexico to the Kansas Reservation before the forfeit period lapsed. They settled on the common lands briefly, but left before claiming their allotments. They later joined the Kickapoo in Indian Territory in 1874. In 1875, a group of 114 of the Mexican Kickapoo were returned to the Kansas Reservation.

Texas Settlement

Kikapú boy's ceremonial dress on display at the Centro de Desarrollo Artesanal Indígena in Santiago de Queretaro.

The first Southern Kickapoo migration occurred around the time that the tribe was settled in Kansas. They traveled across the southern plains, fighting the Seminole in Florida around 1837 and wandered into Texas in search of horses from the Comanche. In 1850, they agreed to act as a buffer between Mexicans, invading Texas settlers and the Lipan, Comanche and other tribes in Northern Coahuila. As a reward for their service, the Spanish governor awarded them a land grant at Hacienda del Nacimiento near the settlement of Santa Rosa (now known as Múzquiz) At the peak of their strength, the southern Kickapoo, numbered about 1500 and by 1860 were living in a swath from the Canadian and Washita Rivers in Indian Territory to the Sabine and Brazos Rivers in Texas to the Remolino River in northern Mexico.

In 1864, about 700 Kickapoo, frustrated with the duplicitous actions of agents and their railroad colleagues in Kansas left to join their kinsmen in Mexico. The Kickapoo that left Kansas in the fall of 1864 were led by chiefs Pecan, Papicua, and Nokohat. Confederate scouts picked up their trail and reported their findings to Captain Henry Fossett and Captain S. S. Totten, leader of a group of Texas Militiamen. On 8 January 1865, the Texans charged the Kickapoo at Dove Creek, were engaged in battle for a brief half-hour and then retreated. The Kickapoo had lost about 15 warriors and the Texans twice as many men. In 1868, a report to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs indicated that there were approximately 800 Kickapoo living in Mexico[38] and claimed that the Mexican Kickapoo were responsible for raids in the western part of Texas.In an effort to pacify the Texas citizens and ward off difficulties with Mexico, the U.S. determined to retrieve the Kickapoo.

Congress passed P.L. 16 Stat. 359 an Act of 15 July 1870 to appropriate funds for the Secretary of the Interior to collect Kickapoo in Texas and Mexico and establish them in the Indian Territory. A second Act, P.L. 16 Stat. 569, passed by Congress on 3 March 1871 appropriated funds for the resettlement and subsistence of the Kickapoo on reservations within the United States. Armed with these two Acts, Indian Agent John D. Miles, went with a delegation of Kansas Kickapoo to try to persuade the Indians at Santa Rosa to return to the United States. Mexican authorities refused to allow Miles to speak with the Kickapoo as the residents of Santa Rosa saw them as their only defense from other marauding tribes.

In 1873, after complaints were again received indicating that Mexican authorities were using the Kickapoo to hide the theft of Texas cattle by Mexicans, another attempt was made to bring the Kickapoo to Indian Territory. Special Agents H. M. Atkinson and Col. T. G. Williams went to Saltillo, to negotiate directly with Governor Victoriano Cepeda Camacho. Though citizens and the Legislature of Coahuila did not support the action, Cepeda appointed an officer to assist the agents and gave him a proclamation that they were to be assisted by the officials and citizenry. While the delegation was en route to Santa Rosa, a party of Americans under the command of General MacKenzie attacked the Kickapoo, thinking that they were a group of raiding Lipan, which did not make the Kickapoo receptive to relocating when the agents arrived. In the autumn of 1874, Atkinson and Williams were finally able to persuade a group of about 300 Kickapoo to resettle.

Relocation to Oklahoma

The Mexican Kickapoos were to be removed to the Indian Territory, in the present State of Oklahoma to a location on the north fork of the Canadian River[34] and provided with farm equipment to begin cultivation. The adjustment was difficult and by 1883, they had still not been provided with a permanent title to the lands they were occupying. By an executive order issued 15 August 1883, the Kickapoo were granted the lands that they had been occupying near the southwest corner of the Sac and Fox Reservation which had been ceded in 1866 by the Muscogee (Creek) Nation for resettlement of freedmen and others.[38] Four years later with the passage of the Dawes Act pressure began mounting to secure fee simple title for the Oklahoma Kickapoo. On 21 June 1891 the tribe agreed to cede their reservation in exchange for 80 acre allotments for each tribesman. The Kickapoo were "bitterly opposed" to allotment and fought the process until 1894

#coahuila #Mexican History #Mexican Kickapoo #Kickapoo

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survivorbehemoth · 4 years ago

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Challenge Results

It’s safe to say some of you have the potential to be tik tok famous!

The person with the most views is...

Gage!

Congratulations Gage, you are safe from tribal council.

Tribal council will take place tomorrow night at 8pm EST. We will all gather in the voice chat server and we will stream tribal live on Twitch. If you can NOT attend please let us know as soon as possible so we can send you your tribal question.

Full Results

Brandan - abstain Jules - 42 Dylan - 61 Seamus - 93 Szymon - 99 Daisy - 144 Conor - 280 Chips - 503 Gage - 589

#superspooky #results

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samuelmmarcus · 5 years ago

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Beautiful Homes of Instagram: Lake House Renovation

How are you doing today? As a mother of three, I am well aware of all the worries in the world but I want this to be a place where we all can get away from all of this stress, even if it’s only for a few minutes (or hours, if you choose to, because you certainly can find plenty of house tours on Home Bunch’s archives). This is our corner of the world where we won’t be thinking about the problems and we will be in charge of our emotions, leaving all of the worries and fears behind. We, you and I, are creating a moment for only good and positive vibes and thoughts.

I am happy to be featuring @traciconnellinteriors (make sure to follow her! ) on our “Beautiful Homes of Instagram” series today because this is a home of a very special client. Keep reading to know more details below:

“Perfectly embedded on an acre of land overlooking a pond, in the heart of Willow Bend of Plano, this dated, 1990’s traditional home got more than a complete facelift. The wife is a “farmer’s daughter” and could have never imagined having a home like this to call her own one day. Having two adopted sons from Russia, the client’s story of their life is intricately woven into a special blend and our goal was to incorporate that into each part of their home. After an extensive renovation, we then took on the task of furnishing this home to meet the desires and needs of the family. Finding a 15’ dining table was a tall task… especially for a family of four. Using a local craftsman, the most gorgeous white oak table was created to host everyone in the neighborhood!”

Beautiful Homes of Instagram: Lake House Renovation

In the foyer, the designer created a vignette that serves a purpose not only for the eye but functionally as well.

Most of the furniture and decor are available through the designer (to the trade only) but whenever possible, I will be selecting similar options for your convenience.

Console Table: Bungalow 5 – Others: here, here, here, here, here & here.

Table Lamp: John-Richard Dune Table Lamp.

Teak Stools: Made Goods – similar here & here.

Chair: Noir Furniture Tech Chair.

Artwork: Diesel.

Entry

An inviting space to the left of the Entry welcomes you into the home as you come in.

Stair Railing: Custom designed by Traci Connell Interiors and fabricated by Trinity Stairs Inc.

Console Table: Stacy Coulter – Available through the Designer – similar: here.

Chandelier: Arteriors.

Cabinet: Noir Furniture.

Mirror: Noir Furniture.

Table Lamp: Arteriors.

Living Room

This is where texture was definitely introduced into the space as the dimensional tile climbs the fireplace wall to draw your eye up the tall ceilings in this space.

Stacked Stone Dimensional Tile: Horizon Tile – Others: here, here, here, here, here & here.

Rocking Chair: Noir Furniture Teak and Rattan.

Floor Lamp: Gabby Home.

Beautiful & Practical

The fabrics may be lighter in this space but they are definitely kid-proof! Throughout the home, each family member was thought of. The fabrics and finishes had to withstand small boys, who were extremely active. The use of outdoor fabrics and beautiful scratch proof finishes were incorporated in every space –bring on the hotwheels for the little men in the house.

Coffee Table: CTH Sherrill – Available through the designer – Others: here, here, here & here.

Rug: Kravet 10×14 Rug – Available through the designer – Others: here, here, here, here, here & here.

Accent Chairs: Hickory Chair – similar here.

Sofa: Taylor King – Available through the designer – similar here.

Bench by Fireplace: Gabby Home Black Leather Accent Stool.

Tree: Fiddle Leaf – Faux Options: here, here & here.

Étagère

This black-toned iron étagère features a hammered frame with rubbed brass rivets. Étagère is by Four Hands.

Draperies: Custom with Duralee fabric.

Hardwood Flooring

This home features White Oak hardwood flooring with a custom matte finish – similar here.

Artwork: Soft Abstract Art Series – Others: here, here, here & here.

End Tables: Palecek – Other: here.

Sitting Room

This room includes a small sitting nook surrounded by windows to enjoy the view of the lake and a morning cup of coffee.

Chandelier: Currey & Co – Other Beaded Chandeliers: here, here, here, here, here, here & here.

Rattan Chairs: Made Goods Aurora Lounge Chair – available through the designer – Others: here, here & here.

Drink/side tables: Global Views.

Ottoman: Hickory Chair.

Canvas & Metal Chair: here – similar.

Kitchen

We wanted to incorporate light and airy with the presence of a natural look to this kitchen. White Oak can be seen throughout the space with punches of black to contrast.

Countertop

The clients love to cook together as a family so a large island was necessary to fit all the cooks in the kitchen. Countertop is Taj Mahal Quartzite.

Countertstools: Palecek – similar here.

Dough Bowl: Pottery Barn.

Kitchen Cabinetry

Kitchen Cabinetry: Paint-grade cabinetry with White Oak accents.

Faucets: Delta.

Kitchen Lighting

Kitchen Lighting: Visual Comfort.

Step Stools: Serena & Lily (great for little helpers! :))

Accent Backsplash

Backsplash Behind Range: Ann Sacks Ogassian, Mini Japanese Geo New White – Other Geometric Tiles:here, here & here.

Backsplash

Kitchen Backsplash: Bedrosians Zenith Glazed Porcelain, Milky Way 2-1/2″ x 9″ Offset – similar here.

Hardware: Pulls – similar.

Dining Room

The client entertains a lot so the need to sit a large amount of people was key. We blew out the wall dividing the kitchen and dining room to open up the space. A custom 14’ long table was made so it would fit all their entertaining needs and incorporate the kitchen design style into this space.

Chandeliers: Anthropologie.

Tall Cabinet: Lexington Bar.

Sideboard

Sideboard: here.

Table Lamps:

Artwork: here & here – similar.

Dining Table & Chairs

Dining Table: Custom designed by Traci. Dining table is Oak, stained and finished – Other Beautiful Dining Tables: here, here, here, here, here, here & here.

Dining Chairs: Rove Concepts – similar here.

Fresh Air

In order to bring nature indoors, Traci decided to demo the exterior wall to the patio to add a large folding door and blew out the wall dividing the formal dining room and breakfast room so there would be a clear sight through to the outdoors.

Outdoors

What a relaxing space to enjoy a cup of coffee and enjoy the views of the lake! We repurposed their large wooden coffee table and added comfortable yet stylish pieces around for them to unwind in. A hanging chair was added in the corner for the kiddos to also have a space to relax.

Sofas: Summers Classics.

Hanging Chair: here – similar option here.

Coffee Table: Existing coffee table of clients – similar here.

View

What a beautiful view!

Family Room

A cozy room near the back of the house for the family to gather and spend time together. This room has two focal points, the fireplace and the projection screen that comes from the ceiling near the back doors. This meant the furniture layout had to be able to function for both purposes, so we included a sectional and swivel chairs for the multi-function purpose. We wanted to bring more textures with absence of color into this space to create that comfortable, cozy feeling. Durable fabrics were a must in this room since this is the main hub for the family to gather.

Sofa: Hickory Chair – Available through the designer – Others: here, here, here, here & here.

Coffee Table: Bernhardt – Others: here & here.

Swivel Chairs: Gabby Home.

Side Table: Arteriors.

Floor Lamp: Robert Abbey.

Chandelier: Troy Lighting.

Connection

The clients told a lot of stories about their past and children. Traci realized that the stories were actually treasures as she incorporated their memories and symbols in every room. As one example, she brought these memories to life in a custom artwork collage above the family room mantel. From a tractor representing the grandfather, to the Russian alphabet portraying the roots of their adopted sons and some Cambodian script, there were meanings behind each piece. The word “family” in Cambodian script and in Russian as well as a tree as it represents enduring strength. The circles represent infinity and being whole and complete. The feathers are a symbol of flight and freedom. The triangles were tied to the number three and true wisdom. The tribal images represent their ties to the past and the numbers are important in religion, mythology and fairy tales and represent luck.

Fireplace: Large Tile by Daltile with White Oak Mantel – similar here & here.

Benches: Bungalow 5 with custom fabric.

Rug: Dash and Albert.

Bar

For the “big man” in the house, Traci designed a swanky wet bar which is actually hidden in the paneling in the family room…. you would never know there was a kegerator waiting to be tapped. This house is full of little details such as these. Cabinets are in Dark Night SW 6237 by Sherwin Williams.

Countertop: Walnut countertop with marine grade finish.

Tile: Horizon B2B Front Fall White, HIT 93 12″ x 24″ Straight – similar here.

Backsplash: Cement Tile Shop – similar here.

Black & White Bathroom

This guest bathroom features an inspiring modern black and white motif.

Wall Tile: Origin Black Matte 10-1/2″ x 2-1/2″ Straight Lay – similar here – Others: here, here, here, here, here, here & here.

Floor Tile: Horizon Open Luce, Matte Rett, HIT 208 16″ x 32″ Straight Lay.

Faucet: here – similar.

Pulls: Atlas Homewares – Other Beautiful Modern Hardware: here, here & here.

Master Bedroom

Photographs of the clients’ next travel adventure are proudly displayed on the mantle to serve as a reminder to book that next vacation!

Mirror: here – similar.

Bench: Bernhardt Mansfield Bench.

This room has a lot of windows and in efforts to not put the tv above the fireplace, a custom cabinet was created that hides the tv inside and is controlled by a remote lift that pushes to the surface when needed.

Dresser TV/ Cabinet: Custom – Others: here, here, here & here.

Bed

Bed: Bernhardt Jasper Panel Bed – Other Beautiful Beds: here, here, here, here & here.

Bedding: Peacock Alley and Custom Pillows.

Artwork: Custom – Others: here, here, here & here.

Wallpaper

Wallpaper: Phillip Jeffries Manila Hemp, 5256 Charcoal – similar here.

Nightstands: Vanguard Furniture – Available through the designer – Others: here, here, here, here & here.

Table Lamps: Available through the designer .

Sitting Area

The master bedroom design goal was to create a tranquil retreat that is still invigorating with contrast and texture.

Chair & Ottoman: Taylor King – similar Chair & Ottoman.

Master Bathroom

The main goal with the bathroom design was to bring a fresh approach to the once dated bathroom.

Shower Tiling

Shower Walls & Ceiling: Kerlite 5 Plus Exedra Albis Gloss 39″ x 118″ Straight Vertical – Other Large Tiles: here, here, here & here.

Shower Floor Tile: Horizon Anima Graphite Cut 12″ x 24″ to 4″ x 4″ Straight Lay – similar here & here.

Shower Stool: here – similar.

Shower Fixtures: Kohler.

Tub

Tub: Signature Hardware Sheba acrylic freestanding tub.

Floor Tile: Horizon Anima Graphite #AAC7 12″ x 24″ in Herringbone Pattern – similar here – Other Beautiful Floor Tiles: here, here, here & here.

Artwork: Easterly Wind from Wendover Art Group.

Vanity Chair: Vanguard Furniture.

Vanities

The bathroom features custom White Oak Cabinetry with Caesarstone Anima Graphite countertop.

Mirrors: Custom, White Oak – Other Beautiful Mirrors: here, here, here, here, here & here.

Sconces: Crystorama Trenton.

Faucets

Faucets are Kohler Margaux Widespread polished nickel.

Pendant Light: here – similar.

Hardware: Pulls – similar.

Laundry Room

This laundry room is functional and it certainly makes laundry more fun and enjoyable! The designer wanted to jazz this space up from starting with the floor and working your eye up to the ceiling. The fun patterned tile harmonizes with the cabinet color and the fun cotton rope light fixture.

Floor Tile: Horizon Patchwork Classic, 04, HIT 186 8″ x 8″ Straight Lay – Other Beautiful Patterned Tiles: here, here, here, here, here & here.

Paint Color

Cabinet paint color is Sherwin Williams SW 9161 Dustblu.

Lighting: Gabby Home.

Cabinet Hardware: here.

Many thanks to the designer for sharing the details above!

Interior Design: Traci Connell Interiors (Instagram).

Landscape Architecture: Complete Landsculpture –Matt Meyers.

Builder/Contractor: Servigon Construction.

Photography: Michael Hunter Photography.

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“Dear God,

If I am wrong, right me. If I am lost, guide me. If I start to give-up, keep me going.

Lead me in Light and Love”.

Have a wonderful day, my friends and we’ll talk again tomorrow.”

with Love,

Luciane from HomeBunch.com

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phgq · 5 years ago

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CHED to implement scholarship program for decommissioned MILF combat

#PHinfo: CHED to implement scholarship program for decommissioned MILF combat

CHED Chair J. Prospero de Vera III outlines he initiatives being undertaken by the government through CHED to address the concerns being faced by HEIs in the BARMM during the signing ceremony of the MOU between CHED, OPPAP and Ministry of Basic, Higher and Technical Education (MBHTE) of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). (Photo courtesy of OPPAP)

QUEZON CITY, Nov. 8 (PIA)--The children of around 7,000 decommissioned Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) combatants and members of their family, as well as selected beneficiaries from six government-acknowledged MILF camps will largely benefit from a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) recently signed by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), the Ministry of Basic, Higher and Technical Education (MBHTE) of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM), and the Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process (OPAPP).

Through a special scholarship program soon to be implemented by CHED, decommissioned MILF combatants who wish to continue their education can enroll in short-term courses that will enable them to learn new livelihood skills.

These former MILF fighters are among the 12,000 MILF-Bangsamoro Islamic Armed Forces (BIAF) members who are set to be decommissioned during the second phase of decommissioning which began August of this year and will end in 2022.

The decommissioning process, whose public launch was witnessed by no less President Rodrigo Roa Duterte last September 7 in Sultan Kudarat, Maguindanao, is under the normalization track of the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangssamoro (CAB).

According to CHED Chairman J. Prospero de Vera III, his agency is mandated to correct the historical injustices against the Bangsamoro people by carrying out initiatives that aim to improve the quality of education in the region.

“CHED, in many of its policies, have tried to correct the historical injustices in higher education in the region. The President also mandated the commission to make sure that higher education is accessible particularly to parts of the country that have been deprived of an opportunity for higher education historically,” de Vera said.

“I saw how important and vital this partnership will be in making sure that education as an anchor of development can be used to push the peace process forward,” he added.

Latest data from CHED show there are 93 Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) currently operating in the BARMM.

As of June 8 this year, 703,327 students graduated from the tertiary level. Out of this figure, 288,118 of were male, while 415,209 were female.

Specific agreements

Specifically, the MOU includes the following objectives:

Determine the areas to extend technical assistance to the MBHTE in relation to BARMM Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and the CHED Registry;

Capacitate MBHTE in monitoring the compliance of BARMM HEIs with the standards of quality education;

Communicate to the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) the importance of ensuring the inclusion of underprivileged BARMM students and the children of decommissioned MILF combatants and selected beneficiaries from the Six MILF camps in Listahanan 3.0;

Encourage the deputized Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program (ETEEAP) HEIs in Mindanao to help children of decommissioned MILF combatants and selected beneficiaries from the six MILF camps to complete their undergraduate study;

Offer study grants and capacity-building programs to target beneficiaries, subject to existing laws, rules and regulations and procedures;

Offer a special scholarship/capacity development program for amnestied/decommissioned MILF combatants and dependents;

Propose professional development programs to faculty and staff of BARMM HEIs through the available CHED and other national government funds;

Mobilize leading HEIs to provide technical assistance to BARMM higher education needs identified by MBHTE;

Provide MBHTE with necessary assistance in the creation of a tribal university system; and

Assist MBHTE with the necessary technical assistance in the crafting of the Education Code.

Challenges in HEIs

Meanwhile, BARMM’s MBHTE Minister Mohagher Iqbal stressed the importance of raising the quality of education in the region.

“It is generally acknowledged that educated people are less prone to commit violence in the society. While there are exemptions, it is therefore crucial that the educational program in the Bangsamoro is balanced and holistic,” Iqbal said.

He also noted the various challenges being confronted by the region’s education sector, vis-a-vis the peace and security situation in the area.

“[The] number of students in BARMM is more than 900,000. The problem in BARMM is special, it has been wrapped by fighting,” Iqbal said.

“Yung quality education na sinasabi natin — that is aspirational. Kasi masyadong mababa ang level of education sa BARMM (The quality of education we are referring to is aspirational. Because the level of education in the BARMM is very low). A high school graduate [in the] BARMM is equivalent to a Grade 6 here in Manila,” he said.

CHED Chair Prospero J. De Vera III, (center)Presidential Peace Adviser Carlito Galvez Jr, (right seated) BARMM’s MBHTE Minister Mohagher Iqbal (left seated) and other government officials gather during the signing ceremony of the MOU for the implementation of scholarship progream for the decommissioned MILF combatants. (Photo courtesy of OPPAP)

Moving forward

De Vera outlined the initiatives being undertaken by the government through CHED to address the concerns being faced by HEIs in the BARMM.

“Ang isang nagsimulang initiative ay yung (one of the initial initiatives) BARMM is now represented in the board of the state universities that have campuses located in the BARMM area. For example, in MSU we already included the representative of the BARMM as identified by Minister Iqbal,” he explained.

“This is very important because several of the campuses of MSU are in the BARMM and because a representative is already present, there is special attention given to BARMM issues in the board discussions and the prioritization of projects,” de Vera said.

He pointed out that some of CHED’s programs in the region had already started even before the signing of the MOU.

“The staff of the Unified Student Financial Assistance System for Tertiary Education has been sitting down with their counterparts in the BARMM to start helping private universities to be included in the Listahanan registry so that their students can gain access to the tertiary education subsidy,” de Vera said.

Listahanan, also known as National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction, is an information management system that employs geographic targeting, household assessment, and validation based on data from marginalized sectors in the country,

For his part, Presidential Peace Adviser Carlito Galvez Jr noted how the agreement will help develop skilled, competent and forward-looking leaders in the region.

“I have no doubt that our students-beneficiaries will eventually become the next leaders of the BARMM. This is why we need to nurture them at an early stage. Many have said that education is the greatest gift that a parent and the government can give to our children and future generations,” Galvez said.

“As they gain the knowledge, experience and expertise, we expect these young minds to be strong advocates of peace and moral governance that the BARMM is espousing,” he added.

The normalization phase kicked into high gear after President Rodrigo Duterte signed Executive Order No. 79 on April 24, 2019 which created the Inter-Cabinet Cluster Mechanism on Normalization (ICCMN) which shall oversee the implementation of the CAB’s Annex on Normalization.

OPAPP and CHED are among the ICCMN member-agencies that are tasked to handle the four aspects of Normalization Program, which are primarily designed to help decommissioned MILF combatants and their families make the transition to peaceful and productive civilian life. (OPPAP)

***

References:

* Philippine Information Agency. "CHED to implement scholarship program for decommissioned MILF combat." Philippine Information Agency. https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1029952 (accessed November 08, 2019 at 05:22PM UTC+08).

* Philippine Infornation Agency. "CHED to implement scholarship program for decommissioned MILF combat." Archive Today. https://archive.ph/?run=1&url=https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1029952 (archived).

#Philippines #News #Filipino #Pinoy #Tourism #Politics #Culture #Editorial #Environment #Society #History

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sleevetheweightbehind · 6 years ago

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Week 6 is going to bring us a lot of twists and turns on Survivor Edge of Extinction 2019, as castaways are fighting for a spot back in the game and the merge is happening on Survivor Season 38! Yes, the tribes will all become one but not after a special competition on Survivor 2019! Check out a sneak peek look at the Week 6 challenges on Survivor Season 38 below in our Survivor Edge of Extinction 2019 spoilers!

Last week on Survivor 2019, we had two hours of action and that meant a lot to get through. In the first hour, we saw the Lesu Tribe on the edge of losing it all. They lost another Reward Challenge, in which they were even a factor in it. However, they finally got on the winning side with the Immunity Challenge and the Manu Tribe was headed there. Aubry had an extra vote advantage and a Hidden Immunity Idol, but she thought she was safe. She thought wrong and was voted off, but headed to the Edge of Extinction. In the second hour, the Immunity Challenge had only one winner (Kama Tribe, yet again) and the other two tribes both went to Tribal. It ended in a tie vote between Lauren and Wendy, but lost of talking and it shifted to Wendy being voted off and she headed to Edge of Extinction also!

[PHOTOS: Click here for the Survivor Season 38 castaways!]

Neither of them will be there long though, as they receive a special note telling them:

From there, the other castaways will gather and Jeff will tell them it’s time for the merge! However, he surprises them with a twist, as the other players all arrive!

Click on image for full view

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The returning players will compete in some kind of competition to earn a spot back in the game. With these castaways competing, it seems like it would be Chris winning easily, but you just never know! Here is a sneak peek look at that challenge:

Click on image for full view

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From there, we go back to camp and enjoy the merge meal and then off to the first individual Immunity Challenge! It looks like they’ll be standing on a ledge and holding a rod above their head with a statue balanced on it. We some sneak peek photos of that for Survivor Edge of Extinction 2019 tonight!

Click on image for full view

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With all of this, do you think Edge of Extinction will be closed now or do you think the twist will remain and there will be another competition later on?

Join us tonight on Reality Rewind for our Survivor Edge of Extinction 2019 Live Recap! Let’s watch together and find out who got voted off Survivor 2019 tonight! Subscribe to our Email and RSS or like us on Facebook and follow us on Twitter for all our latest updates.

Survivor Edge of Extinction 2019 Spoilers: Week 6 Challenges Sneak Peek Week 6 is going to bring us a lot of twists and turns on Survivor Edge of Extinction…

#Reality TV #Survivor #survivor 2019 #survivor edge of extinction #survivor season 38 #Survivor Spoilers #survivor videos

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upperpeninsulabreakingnews · 7 years ago

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U.P. Breaking News Bulletin – 3-9-18 – 3 a.m. ET –

Popular Minocqua, WI civic leader was victim of that accident involving his Caterpillar skid steer that plummeted through the ice on a Gogebic County Lake while he was snowplowing for a barge with a crane on its deck

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By Greg Peterson U.P. Breaking News Owner, News Director 906-273-2433

(Watersmeet Township, MI) – A memorial service will be held Wednesday for a popular Minocqua, WI man and civic leader who was killed in that bizarre Wednesday accident when a Caterpillar skid Steer that he was driving to plow snow for a barge on a lake in Gogebic County, MI

Memorial planned for Tom Handrick, age 55 of Minocqua, WI

55-year-old Tom Handrick of Minocqua died when his heavy machine floundered and sank in broken ice next to the barge about 10:30 a.m. on Wednesday, March 7, 2018 in Watersmeet Township.

The barge had a large heavy duty crane on its deck – sometimes called a derrick in larger projects. The crane had a big sign on its front that states “SAFETY!”

Handrick was the longtime owner of Lakeland Landscaping and a member of the local Lions Club and on the Minocqua Area Chamber of Commerce board of directors.

Divers and cold-water rescue officials recovered Handrick’s body about an hour after the freak accident and he was transported by ambulance to the Eagle River Memorial Hospital (Scroll down to read Mr. Handrick’s obituary notice).

Officials have not released who owns the barge or crane, and what it was doing on Thousand Island Lake. Numerous officials with the Lac Vieux Desert Tribal Police were on the scene.

The freak accident involved a barge, a crane, and a heavy equipment Skid Steer. Officials have not said whether any Michigan Regulatory Agencies will be investigating the crash. It is not known if it is necessary for officials to notify the Michigan Occupation Safety and Health Administration (MIOSHA).

Previous stories:

https://upperpeninsulabreakingnews.wordpress.com/2018/03/07/near-vacationland-resort-in-gogebic-county-cisco-chain-of-lakes-divers-and-an-ice-water-rescue-team-are-among-those-being-request-by-police-and-fire-officials-at-the-scene-of-a-man-whose-bobcat-broke

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tom.handrick

Here is a 2009 OSHA safety report on derricks/barges with cranes on the deck: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/3358deck-barge-safety.pdf

2015 rwport on construction safety ftrom MIOSHA: http://www.michigan.gov/documents/lara/lara_miosha_CS_10_strike_bold_3_16_517763_7.pdf

Info about lake: http://www.fishweb.com/maps/gogebic/thousand_island_lake/north_channel/index.html https://www.michigan.gov/documents/dnr/93-10_463566_7.pdf ——- Tom Handrick was a very well-liked businessman who is life is being remember and celebrated by a large number of friends on the funeral home memorial page: http://www.nimsgernfuneral.com/obituaries/Tom-Handrick?obId=2989343#/celebrationWall

Funeral notice from the Nimsgern Funeral Home in Woodruff, WI:

Tom Handrick, age 55 of Minocqua, WI died unexpectedly on Wednesday, March 7th.

A memorial gathering for Tom will be held on Wednesday, March 14th from 3:00 to 9:00 PM with a Time for Sharing at 7:00 PM at the Nimsgern Funeral Home Chapel.

Please check back for complete obituary. http://www.nimsgernfuneral.com/obituaries/Tom-Handrick?obId=2989343#/obituaryInfo http://www.nimsgernfuneral.com

Tom Handrick and the woman he loves

Tom Handrick marriage/vows ceremony – Photo on Facebook on Dec. 25, 2017

Memorial to Tom Handrick, age 55 of Minocqua, WI

Watersmeet Township Fatal Freak Accident Update: Memorial service set for Wednesday for popular Minocqua, WI businessman and civic leader killed in that freak accident on Thousand Island Lake in Gogebic County U.P. Breaking News Bulletin – 3-9-18 – 3 a.m. ET – Popular Minocqua, WI civic leader was victim of that accident involving his Caterpillar skid steer that plummeted through the ice on a Gogebic County Lake while he was snowplowing for a barge with a crane on its deck…

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mastvideos · 7 years ago

Text

FCC Not Worried About Lack Of Broadband Because We Really Just Need Our Phones

Why is the FCC asking this now?

The proceeding itself isn’t anything nefarious; it’s an annual process for the FCC.

Section 706 of the Communications Act requires the FCC to come up with a report every year outlining whether broadband deployment to Americans is sufficient. Most years that means we see a Notice of Inquiry surface around late summer, give or take, with a Report following the next spring.

In 2014, for example, the Commission asked if the 4Mbps download standard for “broadband” should be updated. A few months later, its report established the significantly faster 25Mbps as the new standard.

More recently, the FCC’s 2016 Sec. 706 notice looked into the question of whether or not cellular or satellite internet access should be considered effectively the same as wired broadband. That question was never resolved, due in large part to the turnover involved with the change to a new White House.

Now the newest Sec. 706 proceeding effectively suggests scrapping that 2016 question and starting over.

What is the FCC actually asking?

The actual text [PDF] is as dense as you’d expect for an FCC proceeding. Technically it has several dozens of inquiries in it. But the important ones boil down to about five key questions.

Given that smartphones and LTE coverage are now widespread, should the FCC consider the use of mobile internet in its next report? (And several follow-up questions: how?)

Since satellite internet exists, should it be considered a source of fixed internet service in the next report?

Since we have to count the people who don’t have any access, can we start leaving out the ones who theoretically have access to phone data but not to home internet service?

Can we drop the 25 Mbps download speed threshold back down to something lower?

Is 10 Mbps download speed / 1 Mbps upload good enough for phone internet to be “broadband”?

Some of these have been perennial questions for years, like whether or not the FCC should count satellite internet as fixed broadband.

However, in the past the FCC considered that while mobile and fixed service were both important to consider, they should exist as separate axes — you couldn’t say that a home “had broadband access” if they were served by a wireless network but no wired service to the home was sold in the area.

What could change?

The Commission is not wrong to note that smartphone use has become massively pervasive in a short time.

Recent data from the Pew Research Center indicate that about 77% of all adults in the U.S. have a smartphone, with the number highest among those ages 18-29 (92%) and lowest among senior citizens (42%).

However, there’s a massive discrepancy in the ownership stats based on socioeconomic class. While 89% of those with college degrees have smartphones, that figure is only 54% for those who didn’t graduate high school. Likewise, 93% of those with household incomes greater than $75,000 per year have a smartphone, but only 64% of those who make less than $30,000 annually do.

Lower-income Americans are also vastly more likely to only use a smartphone, Pew notes. Among those with six-figure household incomes, only 4% skipped home access and lived the mobile-only life. But for those making $30,000 or less, that jumps to 20%.

Rural-dwelling Americans and those living on tribal lands are also the most likely to have trouble getting internet access at home. In the last Broadband Progress Report (2016), the FCC found that 39% of rural Americans lacked access to fixed broadband — something newer mapping data still bears out.

If the Commission were to decide that mobile service alone is sufficient, none of the low-income urban dwellers or far-flung rural residents who cable and telecom providers don’t serve would “count” anymore, so long as there was an LTE network available in their census tract. Suddenly, the internet access problem would seem largely fixed — but only because officials wouldn’t be looking at who falls through the cracks anymore.

What happens next?

The Commission is gathering public comment on the NOI until the end of September.

Stakeholders, like telecom businesses, lobbying groups, consumer advocacy groups, and even the general public, can all file their answers to the questions the FCC asked in the NOI. The Commission then takes those responses, and its own research, and assembles a Broadband Progress Report that will, theoretically, be released sometime between Jan. and March 2018.

But there’s a catch. As we’ve seen from FCC chair Ajit Pai during the latest assault on the net neutrality rules, the inquiries the Commission puts out under his leadership have a way of leading you directly to the answers they want to receive.

In short, it seems likely that if Pai is asking, “can we drop the definition” and “can we ignore people who we determine can use cell phones,” the answers he will decide on are “yes” and “yes,” no matter what the comments actually say.

by Kate Cox via Consumerist via Blogger http://ift.tt/2vTh1Et http://ift.tt/eA8V8J

#FCC Not Worried About Lack Of Broadband Because We Really Just Need Our Phones

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mastvideos · 7 years ago

Quote

Since it became obvious that internet access was going to be an essential for everyday living, the Federal Communications Commission has wrestled with how to encourage providers to build expensive wired networks to reach rural and remote communities, but not with much luck. Now the FCC is considering a new tactic for solving this problem: Suggesting that maybe there isn’t a problem so long as you can get online with your phone. Why is the FCC asking this now? The proceeding itself isn’t anything nefarious; it’s an annual process for the FCC. Section 706 of the Communications Act requires the FCC to come up with a report every year outlining whether broadband deployment to Americans is sufficient. Most years that means we see a Notice of Inquiry surface around late summer, give or take, with a Report following the next spring. In 2014, for example, the Commission asked if the 4Mbps download standard for “broadband” should be updated. A few months later, its report established the significantly faster 25Mbps as the new standard. More recently, the FCC’s 2016 Sec. 706 notice looked into the question of whether or not cellular or satellite internet access should be considered effectively the same as wired broadband. That question was never resolved, due in large part to the turnover involved with the change to a new White House. Now the newest Sec. 706 proceeding effectively suggests scrapping that 2016 question and starting over. What is the FCC actually asking? The actual text [PDF] is as dense as you’d expect for an FCC proceeding. Technically it has several dozens of inquiries in it. But the important ones boil down to about five key questions. Given that smartphones and LTE coverage are now widespread, should the FCC consider the use of mobile internet in its next report? (And several follow-up questions: how?) Since satellite internet exists, should it be considered a source of fixed internet service in the next report? Since we have to count the people who don’t have any access, can we start leaving out the ones who theoretically have access to phone data but not to home internet service? Can we drop the 25 Mbps download speed threshold back down to something lower? Is 10 Mbps download speed / 1 Mbps upload good enough for phone internet to be “broadband”? Some of these have been perennial questions for years, like whether or not the FCC should count satellite internet as fixed broadband. However, in the past the FCC considered that while mobile and fixed service were both important to consider, they should exist as separate axes — you couldn’t say that a home “had broadband access” if they were served by a wireless network but no wired service to the home was sold in the area. What could change? The Commission is not wrong to note that smartphone use has become massively pervasive in a short time. Recent data from the Pew Research Center indicate that about 77% of all adults in the U.S. have a smartphone, with the number highest among those ages 18-29 (92%) and lowest among senior citizens (42%). However, there’s a massive discrepancy in the ownership stats based on socioeconomic class. While 89% of those with college degrees have smartphones, that figure is only 54% for those who didn’t graduate high school. Likewise, 93% of those with household incomes greater than $75,000 per year have a smartphone, but only 64% of those who make less than $30,000 annually do. Lower-income Americans are also vastly more likely to only use a smartphone, Pew notes. Among those with six-figure household incomes, only 4% skipped home access and lived the mobile-only life. But for those making $30,000 or less, that jumps to 20%. Rural-dwelling Americans and those living on tribal lands are also the most likely to have trouble getting internet access at home. In the last Broadband Progress Report (2016), the FCC found that 39% of rural Americans lacked access to fixed broadband — something newer mapping data still bears out. If the Commission were to decide that mobile service alone is sufficient, none of the low-income urban dwellers or far-flung rural residents who cable and telecom providers don’t serve would “count” anymore, so long as there was an LTE network available in their census tract. Suddenly, the internet access problem would seem largely fixed — but only because officials wouldn’t be looking at who falls through the cracks anymore. What happens next? The Commission is gathering public comment on the NOI until the end of September. Stakeholders, like telecom businesses, lobbying groups, consumer advocacy groups, and even the general public, can all file their answers to the questions the FCC asked in the NOI. The Commission then takes those responses, and its own research, and assembles a Broadband Progress Report that will, theoretically, be released sometime between Jan. and March 2018. But there’s a catch. As we’ve seen from FCC chair Ajit Pai during the latest assault on the net neutrality rules, the inquiries the Commission puts out under his leadership have a way of leading you directly to the answers they want to receive. In short, it seems likely that if Pai is asking, “can we drop the definition” and “can we ignore people who we determine can use cell phones,” the answers he will decide on are “yes” and “yes,” no matter what the comments actually say. by Kate Cox via Consumerist

http://www.bollywoodnews4free.tk/2017/08/fcc-not-worried-about-lack-of-broadband.html

#FCC Not Worried About Lack Of Broadband Because We Really Just Need Our Phones <p>Since it became ob

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