#though there was probably access to a variety of herbs depending on where you live

[pearlwingdraws]

No potatoes!!!

not to sound like a medieval peasant but, cheese and bread. garlic and butter. a menagerie of spices. potatoes. that’s what life is all about right there.

[tipsycad147]

Traditional Witches Tools: Cauldrons, Distaffs, and More!

What Were the Traditional Witches Tools?

Whether they come from a fairy tale, folklore, or history, every traditional witch had her special magical tools. For some, it’s a magic wand. For others, it’s a broom. Others use poisoned apples, scepters, pointed hats, and staffs. Therefore, it is no surprise that there are specific traditional witches tools. Some might not be what you expect, while others are rather obvious. Whatever the traditional witch needed was often right at her fingertips, including easy-to-acquire tools that only required a quick trip to the garden, forest, or village. Most of the traditional witches tools were homemade or traded for and were used for multiple purposes (such as the cauldron and the broom.)

Here we discuss the tools used by the folkloric witch throughout Europe and the United States. Come fly with me through time to a land where witches gathered on the hilltops under the Full Moon for magical workings and to honor the old gods.

Herbs have been used by wise women, healers, and witches or thousands of years.

Traditional Witches Tools for Flying

Distaff

In modern times a witch is usually depicted flying on her broom; however, if we study European and Slavic folklore, witches didn’t often use their brooms for flying. They used a distaff or a farming/housework tool of some kind. Truly it depended on the region where the witch lived, but brooms are rarely mentioned in comparison to distaffs and other household objects. The broom would come to be popular as a witch’s flying apparatus in more modern times.

The distaff is a tool used to hold unspun fibre and frees up both hands for the action of spinning. The spinning wheel made its historical debut in Europe during the late Medieval years, but didn’t become an essential part of a woman’s daily chores until the Early Modern Period. Women used spinning wheels to spin yarn, which was then used to make clothing and linens for the household. The folklore of spinning relates to many goddesses and figures who “spun” the fate of humankind. A few of the popular spinning goddesses are the Greek Fates, Athena and Arachne, the Norse Norns, Frigg, and the Germanic goddesses Berchta and Holda. Let us not forget the popular fairy tales featuring a spinning wheel—Rumpelstiltskin and Sleeping Beauty. Because of its importance to a woman’s life, and because many peasant women were accused of witchcraft, the distaff (spindle) came to be the object used by witches to fly to their sabbaths.

Magical Animals

Isobel Gowdie, one of the most famous Scottish witches, purportedly confessed to all sorts of devious and mystical activities, including flying out the window on magical horses. Gowdie used her broom to instead fool her husband into thinking she was still in bed by charming it and lying it next to him.

In addition to using a broom or distaff, often witches were said to ride on the backs of animals such as goats, sheep, horses, and sows. As you will notice, these were the domesticated animals often seen on peasant farms. Goats were particularly popular with witches because of their association with the Devil (the Devil himself having cloven hooves and two horns on his head like that of a goat). Isobel Gowdie confessed the small magical horses she rode on were gifted to her by the fairy-folk and/or by the Devil himself.

Other Tools for Flying

There are tales of witches during the Witch Trials that learned how to fly on the tops of beanstalks and other tall plants. Again encouraged and taught to them by the fairy-folk. Eggshells and bubbles were other whimsical additions to the traditional witches tools for flying.

No matter the apparatus used to fly to the witch’s sabbaths, most accounts tell of particular charms and herbal unguents as a requirement to leave the ground. These spells and recipes were given to witches via the fairies, familiars, or the Devil himself.

In folklore, traditional witches flew on a distaff.

The Traditional Witches Garden

Easily Accessible Herbs

Probably one of the most prominent and least-discussed tools of the folkloric witch was the witch’s garden. Why was the witch’s garden so important to her trade? It provided a means of food, medicine, and magic all in one. The folkloric witch could grow vegetables, fruit, nuts, roots, flowers, poisons, and herbs around or near her cottage and have a plethora of ingredients at her fingertips for whatever her needs might have been.

It is well documented that many accused witches were also midwives, herbalists, and cunningfolk. They were wise people who knew how to use herbs and items from nature in which to ease someone’s pain or symptoms, deliver babies, and sometimes cure illnesses. This was a skill often taught to one person from their parents or grandparents—knowledge passed down in families of which utilised herbs and plants from the garden or local wilderness. Townsfolk were known to ask these “witches” for cures and medicines, and sometimes those same people would accuse the town’s healers of being witches.

Flying Ointments

There is documentation from Medieval Times of certain herbal salves and ointments used by witches and magical individuals to help them “fly”. These are called flying ointments and usually include a variety of dangerous ingredients including plants from the nightshade family, mandrake root, poppies, and hemlock, among others. These herbs were infused into an oil then made into an ointment or salve. Recipes called for gnarly ingredients as the base such as the fat of a baby or hangman, though scholars believe this to be based off of superstition or possibly written to disguise the actual ingredients from laypeople. Keep in mind much of what the wise people did in private was kept private because of witchcraft accusations in the Middle Ages and Modern Early Period. The witches would then use the flying ointment to anoint themselves and then “fly” out of their bodies to other places and times. This is equivalent to the modern sense of “getting high” off of modern day drugs. “Fly” and “getting high” sound awfully similar, don’t they? Traditional witches tools included herbal salves, potions, and unguents in various forms to both heal and harm.

Witches have always been associated with the cauldron.

The Traditional Witches Tools in the Kitchen

The Bubbling Cauldron

The folkloric witch is nearly always depicted standing behind a bubbling cauldron. Similar to the idea that witches always have brooms in hand, witches were often regular women with regular everyday duties like cleaning and cooking. The cauldron is a large, cast-iron pot that was once used in nearly every household to cook a meal over an open fire. Because of the cauldron being a woman’s daily tool, it was eventually associated with witches. This could also be because of its significance in pagan literature and beliefs—think of Shakespeare’s play Macbeth and the three witches over the bubbling cauldron. Also, the cauldron is mentioned a few times in the Welsh prose The Mabinogion as being a tool of the gods used for renewal and rebirth. The goddess Cerridwen is directly linked to the cauldron. Via folklore, witches needed some sort of vessel to cook their herbal concoctions, so the cauldron was an important tool. Not only could a witch cook a meal in her cauldron, she could also prepare herbal potions.

The Mortar & Pestle

In addition to using a cauldron, the folkloric witch used another tool from the kitchen—the mortar and pestle. A mortar and pestle is a small, solid bowl typically made of wood or stone along with a mallet made of the same material. These are used to grind herbs, roots, and nuts down into finer powders. These are still in use today by chefs and herbalists, but the folkloric witch no doubt needed a mortar and pestle to grind down some of those harder roots and herbs into a powder as a preliminary step to making her herbal potions and unguents. Baba Yaga the Slavic witch-goddess flew through the air in a mortar and wielded a large pestle.

https://otherworldlyoracle.com/traditional-witches-tools/

[spiritleak]

Basic Witchcraft Questions

Frequently asked questions answered with the help of multiple reliable sources.

-What is Witchcraft?

The “official” definition of it is the practice of and belief in magical skills and abilities exercised by solitary practitioners and groups known as covens. Witchcraft involves the use of intent (and often physical objects) to manipulate environmental energy in order to effect change in favor of the practitioners.

Therefore, it means lots of things in different environments and it is frequently divided according to the user’ s intention and tools of achieving the results desired. 

- Is it the same as Wicca?

Wicca is a belief system and way of life based upon the reconstruction of pre-Christian traditions originating in Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Wicca is a tradition of Witchcraft. There are a number of people who consider themselves Witches, but who are not necessarily Wiccan.

- What is Paganism?

Paganism is an umbrella term first used in the fourth century by early Christianity for populations of the Roman Empire who practiced polytheism, either because they were increasingly rural and provincial relative to the Christian population or because they were not “soldiers of the Christ”. While most pagan religions express a world view that is pantheistic, polytheistic or animistic, there are some monotheistic pagans. While one group may have a certain practice, not everyone will follow the same criteria.

- Is Magick real?

As a beginner that has not practiced enough to guarantee the right and truthful answer myself (even though I have seen some good results for my level), reasons for the belief or disbelief in it can be easily stated.

Most of us do not live in a culture that supports it.  We live in a place that forces action in the world, where the path to independence, self-reliance and happiness tends to rely on rolling up your sleeves and getting stuff done the common practical way in the real world.

So when someone says they have been affected by it or that they think of joining the occult, it is highly likely that he will get negative opinions by his surrounding people.

I personally have really close relatives being victims of it in a negative or positive way and some others practice it cause they have been raised in villages away from big cities and the capital so it was something widely used in their daily lives.

- What do people consider as White and Black Magick?

White Magick is defined as the Witchcraft used for matters like healing and protection , rather from the “selfish” forced gain of the practitioner.

Black magic on the other hand, is what most hesitate to step in when they take into account their beliefs or personal morals since it is widely believed to take energy away to create chaos, destruction, disruption with a nature of forcing things against any wills of the people that participate without their knowledge. (Binding spells, Curses). These

However, nowadays it is a term widely said by people who define magic or ritualistic practices that they disapprove of as Black Magick.

-What types of Magick are there?

The ones you will mostly see around are: Binding Magick: To bind is to keep someone from doing something, almost like putting a wall between them and the chosen thing or the exactly opposite, to make a chosen thing or person stay attached Blood Magick: Blood magic is not magic that involves killing people or animals in ritual sacrifice. It is the use of a few drops of blood during a spell or ritual—usually your own blood, but if you are casting for someone else you could use theirs. Those few drops can add power to a magical working in any number of ways. Candle Magick: Candle magick is often used in spells and rituals and can be influenced by the color, scent and number of candles. Chaos Magick: It is about using whatever ideas and practices are helpful to you at the moment, even if they contradict ideas and practices used previously and a personal system is never developed. What applied yesterday may be completely irrelevant today. All that matters today is what is used today. Experience can certainly help a chaos magician in figuring out what would most likely be useful, but they are never confined by the concept of tradition or even of coherency. Crystal/Stone Magick: There are a multitude of crystals, stones and metals that can be used for many purposes through either simply invoking the energies of the crystals or crystal elixirs. Dream Magick: Dream magick is usually incredibly useful for tapping into the astral and one’s own psyche. Through dream magick, you can connect to the hidden secrets of your mind and to realms you can’t access through the physical. Elemental Magick: Usually in the beginning of a ritual, the elements are invoked and called into the circle for their blessings. However, outside the circle elemental magick can be used by invoking the essential energy of the elements for their specific magicks. Gray Magick: Gray magic (also spelled magick) is magic that is not performed for specifically beneficial reasons, but is also not focused towards completely hostile practices It is seen as falling in a continuum between white and black magic and could be also called neutral magic Herbal Magick: Usually employed through incense, tinctures or a long list of other herbal products in order to invoke their essences. If you?re ever having trouble finding something to work magick with for a very specific purpose, look through your favourite herbal magick book and you?ll almost definitely find something to help you. Hoodoo Magick: Hoodoo is a set of magickal practices originating in Africa which, through the process of syncretism, has absorbed some beliefs and practices from other cultures such as Native American spirituality and European Ceremonial Magick. Hoodoo tradition emphasizes personal magical power invoked by the use of certain tools, spells, formulas, methods, and techniques. It ascribes magical properties to herbs, roots, minerals, animal parts, and personal possessions. Some spells even make use of body materials (blood, tears, nail clippings, hair…etc) Knot Magick: Knot magick is a very ancient practice that usually is based on the number of knots tied on a cord, usually with purposes for each knot. Healing Magick: Healing magic can be accomplished through a variety of methods. It can be done through straight energy transfer (reiki and other methods), poppet magick, herbal magick, crystal magick and almost every other magick type for results. Poppet Magick: Poppet magick was popularized in the practice of voodoo but has been used in many different magickal systems in history. Usually ?poppets? are made of cloth or was and are activated with a possession (be it an object or a hair clipping etc) to attach the energy of a person to the poppet. Sigil Magick: Sigils are the symbols that are attributed to most spirits that are found in grimoires but could also represend intents. At the first case,  you can almost imagine the sigil to be the spirit’s phone number. Weather Magick: For most people, weather magick is one of the most difficult types of magick to work. As the title speaks of, weather magick obviously has to do with controlling the elements in order to change the weather for certain purposes. This kind of magick is difficult for a reason: it is not to be taken lightly as weather systems in one area usually can affect the whole world in a domino effect. Voodoo Magick: Hoodoo spells are also often confused with Voodoo magick but it’s another form of African witchcraft.

- What are the most common and basic tools needed to practice witchcraft?

It totally depends on the type of magick you will use. You do not need to have all of those tools to receive successful results and remember that the most basic tool is the right training and usage of your mind and concentration. Let’s see the most common ones: Altar - The altar is often considered a personal place where practitioners put their ritual items. Some practitioners may keep various religious items upon the altar, or they may use the altar and the items during their religious workings. Cauldron  - The cauldron is probably the tool most associated with witchcraft and is steeped in magickal tradition and mystery.  The cauldron is the container in which transmutation, germination, and transformations may occur.In ritual the cauldron is used as a container for making brews and potions, or to contain a small fire for use with spells.  It can also be used for scrying (divination) by filling it with water and gazing into its depths.   Incense -  Incense is one of the more common magical tools. Many practitioners use incense for nearly every magical act, from simple meditations to elaborate rituals. It’s not that its a very powerful or versatile tool, but it is a fairly useful one. Candles - Candles are frequently used for magical meditative purposes, in healing rituals, to help increase a spell’s power, or to influence a particular power. Candles are believed to be able to help one concentrate and absorb personal energy and release it when burned. In preparing to cast a spell, the person may dress or anoint the candle with an anointing oil while concentrating upon the purpose of the spell. Stones and Gems - each one is unique and exudes a specific energy, a crystal or gemstone may be used for healing, magic, spell casting, to inspire, uplift, balance, calm and energise Dressing oils - Essential oils can be used for that, usually a mixture of them and other ingridients. Essential oils - Used for their powers such as to anoint altars, incense burners, good fortune when added to incense, protection against evil & ill luck.

- What are spirits and how are they used for rituals?

We are souls temporarily in a physical bodies on Earth. However, our natural home is in the Spirit World, commonly also called the Other Side. Whether we realize it or not, spirits (or souls) surround us, whether in human bodies or “ without bodies. Because our natural home is the Spirit World, being without a physical body is our natural state. A spirit is simply nothing more and nothing less than another person and they are said to have a huge variety on size and powers, just like the animals on our planet. Every angel, demon, genius spirit and other supernatural being has preferences, styles of work and methods that make this contact more accessible. This is why there are different rituals for every different class of spirit. Some require elaborate rituals, while others only need to sense a sincere need. Some thrive on gratitude, while others only require that you command them clearly.

- What are spirit relationships and why are we recommended to establish one?

Some people when performing sorcery use only their self creation energy and it can only have so much power. Meaning it can only have up to and including how much power you personally have. If you are working with an actual spirit, you are working with not only your own power but theirs as well.

It is also quite beneficial cause spirits have many more power advantages than us humans who are locked inside our bodies that give us boundaries. So in those who use them in their work, spirits do most of the work and the practitioner is there to direct them. However, most people do not have the skills, or more likely, the patience to develop significant spiritual relationships. It takes time, you have to be ready and not let most of what you have been taught from invalid sources about them be a priority in your mind. 

- What is evoking / invoking?

Invoking is where you invite an entity and it steps into your body. You become them, and they become you, and you absorb the energies they leave you.

Evoking on the other hand, is much different. This is more commonly done, though it is seldom said. Evoking is the act of inviting a deity or element to come to your circle, Not be within you.

-What are the Spirit Guides and how could they help me?

Spirit Guides are what many consider to be spirits that stay with you throughout your entire life or pop in every now and again to help you with specific areas of your life or goals you are trying to achieve. These guides are at varying levels of consciousness themselves. What can be said about them is that theu do not mess with your free will, or try to get you to make decisions. The guides you want to work with will only be there to lovingly support, encourage and teach you in your current incarnation. They want the best for you, and will help you achieve it. However, hey will not prevent you from making bad decisions. Some things are meant as lessons, and if you purposely put yourself in harms way, they don’t just jump in and rescue you, although what we call angels have been known to do that, most guides will not.

They help you by Sending signs, such as repeated scenes or even numbers, by sending specific people in your life or even causing you to see dreams with a certain meaning behind them.

-What is Karma on Magick and the Threefold Law?

Taking into mind a sum of all that an individual has done, is currently doing and will do, Karma is the universe’s reaction to it. Something like “What goes around, comes all the way back around.” Negative Karma offers punishment and Positive gives rewards. It is connected to magick via the intentions of the practitioner during the ritual. For example, if one casts a hex, according to the popular idea of karma working as a cosmic judge of all of our actions, it will hit the person back. The Rule of Three (also Three-fold Law or Law of Return) is a religious tenet held by some Wiccans/Pagans. It states that whatever energy a person puts out into the world, be it positive or negative, will be returned to that person three times. The Rule of Three is sometimes described as karma by Wiccans; however, this is not strictly accurate. Both concepts describe the process of cause and effect and often encourage the individual to act in an upright way Some people strictly believe in those and because of so, refrain from stepping into “selfish” magick and some others state that they have witnessed nothing bad caused to the ones that perform “darker” magick.

- What do I need to know before practicing Black Magick as a beginner?

Try not to jump straight into advanced areas until you build the basic skills and experience . It is mainly suggested you spend a significant amount of studying about it so your knowledge can build itself, and by the time you reach advanced practices you have little fear as you know the knowledge behind the words, and you have the skills to handle yourself in most situations.

What is considered dark magick could possibly not only bring some sort of disaster but also draw negative spirits that are hard to get rid of if you don’t know what you are doing in the first place.

More to come soon.

[shirlleycoyle]

How to Grow a Pandemic Garden

There are all kinds of reasons that people get into gardening, most of them quite practical. Maybe you need a hobby, and like being surrounded by green things. Maybe you want to become more self-sufficient in general, and harbor homespun dreams of spending long days canning, pickling, and preserving your harvest so you can crack open a jar of summer during the cold winter months. Maybe you’re looking to pull back from the cruel capitalist churn of food production and farm worker exploitation in this country. Maybe you just want to spend less money at the grocery store, or to make it easier for yourself and your neighbors to avoid it altogether.

Or maybe the current crisis has you thinking more in the long term. The coronavirus pandemic continues to disrupt food supply chains, and unemployment numbers have soared into the stratosphere. Farmers unable to sell their crops are letting tons of produce rot in the fields (despite an urgent need from food banks), and grocery store workers fear the potentially deadly consequences of reporting to work. Without being fatalistic, it might not be a bad idea to take steps now that ensure you’ll have access to fresh produce a month or two from now.

During World Wars I and II, ordinary citizens in the U.S. (as well as a number of other countries) were encouraged to plant so-called “Victory Gardens” in order to take pressure off the straining food supply and spice up their own meager government rations. The humble backyard garden served them well then, and those of us alive now could benefit from a return to the practice—ideally without the racist, imperialist baggage that came with the second wave of U.S. victory gardens. When thousands of Japanese farmers were thrown into internment camps by the U.S. government during WWII, the food supply suffered but California agribusiness giants secretly celebrated. With their highly efficient farming methods and close-knit communities, Japanese immigrants had been a threat to the American farms’ profits, and their farms were lost alongside their freedom in an ensuing government land grab. The growth of victory gardens ties directly into that shameful episode, so for the sake of this piece, let’s just stick with “garden” for our purposes here (or “quarantine garden” if you’re really leaning into the branding).

Growing herbs on your windowsill isn’t doing it for you anymore, and those baleful houseplants peeking out at you from various corners around the apartment aren’t exactly pulling their weight, either. You’ve decided you want to take that extra leap and start your very own garden, so, let’s take stock. Say you live in an apartment in a major city, can afford to spend a few bucks on supplies, and have a little extra space to play around with. We’re not talking full-on backyard (in this economy? please) but you’ve got a solid few square feet of outdoor space that you’ve decided you want to draft into your personal war against free time. You’re ready for an upgrade.

That’s great, but there are a few things you need to consider before you dig in, pun absolutely intended.

Where Should I Plant a Garden?

When planning out your new kitchen garden, you’ve got to keep the old real estate maxim “location, location, location” in mind. When deciding what is going to go where, you’ll want to pick out the sunniest spot possible. Vegetable plants are the opposite of intimidating goth teens in that they love the sun and crave your attention.

If you’re working with a fire escape or a stoop, you’ll probably be in good shape, but if you’re staking out a section of a shady backyard area, it’ll be a little harder to coax your crops into cooperating. You’ve also got to consider potential weather conditions. The last thing you want is for your small leafy sons to drown the next time it rains because you planted them in a weird slopey corner of the yard, or for them to fall to their deaths from the fire escape on a windy day because your dumb ass balanced them on a step. Find a nice, level spot that isn’t going to betray you the first time it rains.

How Much Sunlight Will My Garden Need?

Most plants require at least six hours of direct sunlight per day to thrive, and the more sun they get, the bigger, happier, and healthier they grow. Leafy greens like lettuce, spinach, kale, chard, and herbs like cilantro, thyme, and parsley can handle a little more shade, and root vegetables like carrots and radishes can run on only four hours if needed, but most of the beloved staples you’re going to want to grow—tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, beans, squash, corn, basil, rosemary—are going to want to soak up that sun.

What if you don’t live somewhere sunny? You need to get familiar with your hardiness zone (which sounds like some sort of cursed Crossfit spin-off, but is actually a means by which gardeners can determine what kind of plants will thrive in their particular area during cold weather). Seed packets and live plants will note their zones on the package; if a range of zones is provided (for example, if zones 4-9, is indicated, the plant is good to go in zones 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9). Also, use your common sense; while I appreciate your millennial moxie, you’re probably not going to be able to grow that avocado tree in Maine.

What Should I Grow in My Garden?

Now that you’ve got all that figured out, you need to decide what you actually want to grow in your garden. This year, we spent hours paging through seed catalogs trying to settle on the perfect heirloom varieties, but you don’t have to be that precious about it. Think about what you want to eat, what you like to cook with, and what you’d like to have on hand just in case. If you’re looking to harvest regularly or feed more than a few people, go with high-yield plants like tomatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, peas, and salad greens like lettuce and spinach.

Herbs are always a good bet and play well with other plants, though you’ve got to watch out for mint—much like the U.S. itself, a mint plant will choke out the competition and colonize every inch of space around it if left to its own devices. You can achieve a nice balance of function and form by growing pretty flowering herbs like lavender, chamomile, yarrow, and borage. These will have the added benefit of attracting bees and butterflies, which is as adorable as it is necessary to keep your plants well-pollinated. (Tip: If you’re going to be using containers, look for varieties labeled “compact,” “space saver,” or “bush;” these mini-versions of popular garden staples are bred to take up less space than usual, leaving you more room to maneuver).

Where Can I Get Plants For My Garden?

Do you want to start from scratch and buy seeds, or would you rather pick up an armload of baby plants from your local garden center? Are you going to throw in a few wild cards, like those spring onions you’ve been idly regrowing on the countertop?

If you’ve never tried to grow anything before (or have, and found yourself to be the unhappy possessor of a black thumb), it might be a good idea to start off with a few store-bought (or gifted) plants to get your confidence up before you tackle anything more demanding. You can try out some of those vegetable regrowing hacks that are always floating around Instagram, but the only one that’s ever reliably worked for me is the spring onion trick (where you simply place the white bulb roots-down in a cup of water, and watch as they regenerate into full-grown onions again).

How Do I Start Seeds Indoors?

In my own personal experience, starting seeds inside is a pain in the ass, but depending on what I’m trying to grow, it’s often a necessary evil. Some plants are tricky, and can’t be directly sown (i.e. planted directly in the soil outside). Instead, they need to be “started” indoors and kept inside until they’re strong enough to withstand the elements.

There are a number of ways to do this and endless tutorials online, but I’ve had the best luck so far with the following method. Take a cardboard egg carton, fill the little cups with potting soil, and plant each cup with three or four seeds. Keep the soil damp and stow the carton in a warm, dark place until you see sprouts, then move the babies under a grow light or under a sunny window, and let them get their strength up. Once they’ve had a week or so to grow, start moving them outside for a few hours each day to “harden” them, or get them used to the changes in temperature. Gradually increase the time spent outside for the next seven to ten days, until you’re ready to transplant them. You can then cut the egg cartons apart and plant the individual cups directly in the soil, and welcome them into their new home by giving them plenty of water. (Your mileage here may vary; seeds can be finicky little dicks, and I’ve already had to re-start like 50 of them this year. Don’t give up!).

What Are Raised Beds, and Does My Garden Need Them?

Once they’re all grown up and ready to move out, are your plants going to live in pots and containers, or are you dreaming bigger? If you’ve only got a few feet available, a couple of big, deep containers will be your best bet here. As a bonus, containers are especially good for vertical gardening. Adding a trellis, wire cage, or other support system gives vine-y plants like tomatoes, cucumbers, squash, sweet potatoes, and beans room to climb, which is handy when space is at a premium (and if you’re feeling really ambitious, you can try to train your vines to wrap around your balcony or fire escape).

My other half (who has a background in agriculture and is fact-checking this over my shoulder as I write it) got a little fancy with our garden this year and built some raised beds. A raised bed is basically a flat box that sits on top of the soil (or concrete), and they’re great for beginner gardeners because you can control important variables like soil quality, drainage, pests, and weeds. They don’t need to be expensive, and are pretty easy to build; there are millions of tutorials on YouTube, and you can make them out of pallets or cheap lumber. (You can also buy ready-made ones, but those are needlessly expensive and I promise you can just do it yourself for a fraction of the cost). Ours are 8’ x 4’ due to the shape of our weird little front yard, but you can go much bigger or smaller depending on your situation. If you have the space for them, raised beds are a great option for city gardens, or in places where the soil is contaminated or otherwise inhospitable.

What Kind of Soil Do I Need For My Garden?

The next step is choosing the right soil for what you’re looking to grow. Different plants thrive in different kinds of soil, but basically any soil you’re going to encounter can benefit from adding compost to it, so throw a few bags of that into your shopping card before you leave Home Depot (or start making your own). Some vegetables like carrots, cucumbers, garlic, tomatoes, onions, cauliflower, and sweet peppers also prefer slightly acidic soil (so do most berries!); luckily, there are a number of ways to up the dose of acid in your soil, some store-bought and some DIY. I sometimes add used tea leaves or coffee grounds to the soil around these plants, and you can also mix two tablespoons of vinegar into a gallon of water and use that for an easy fix. You can also just buy soil with a higher acidity level. (“Just buy some” is usually an option for most things when it comes to gardening, but we try to keep things as DIY and organic as possible in our garden, because this shit can get expensive).

So now you’ve got your space scoped out, you’ve got your plant babies at the ready, you’ve got your containers set up, you’ve got a bunch of dirt locked and loaded, and you’re feeling good about your setup. It’s finally time for the fun part—planting! Make sure to make a nice deep pocket in the soil to place the plant down into, fully cover the roots, and to water them thoroughly once they’re settled. Good job! You have a garden now.

How Do I Keep My Garden Alive?

It’s always a good idea to read up on the types of vegetables you’ve planted beforehand so you understand how much water each kind will need each day after that (again, don’t drown your babies!). Familiarize yourself with each plant’s needs, and settle in for the final, hopefully most fruitful chapter of your garden journey: doing your best to keep the damn things alive. It will require care, effort, and somewhat constant vigilance, but it’ll be worth it. If you spot any stray weeds, remove them; if you see a suspicious bug or odd colorations on a plant’s leaves, Google them and take care of it. I can guarantee that for any garden problem you encounter, someone else has already written a how-to guide on how to fix it.

Don’t pick things before they’re ripe, or let veggies rot on the vine. Be kind to your plants, even the ones that get droopy or don’t produce as well; they’re doing their best. Most importantly, once you start harvesting your bounty, share the abundance with your friends and neighbors (from a safe distance). Remember, nothing tastes as sweet as mutual aid.

How to Grow a Pandemic Garden syndicated from https://triviaqaweb.wordpress.com/feed/

[radishleaf]

talking and answering the questions of the previous post about my thot of an apprentice for the arcana game down below. you can read some fics about him here: plonk, but warning for ns-fw material.

1. Where is their favorite place to hang out in Vesuvia? Why?

ezra is reclusive by nature, and there aren’t many places he’d hang out, even recreationally. obviously, there’s his aunt’s shop, and he’d probably entertain the company of the baker for a bit, but that’s it.

2. How does your apprentice feel when they are called a witch? (Offended? Shrugs it off? Likes it?)

ezra finds it flattering, but he’d be quick to correct the person and tell them he’s a magician.

3. Do they have a familiar? Why did you choose that animal? How did they meet?

yes!! dawn is his best friend, even though she’s very snooty toward her master. she’s a salt-colored swallow that are native to ezra’s home country, ravidia (my fanmade city-state that was off the edge of nevivon before it was overtaken by them). she was born from an egg laid by jemima’s familiar, moon, as per family tradition to hand down familiars from master magician to apprentice when they come of age. 

4. Are there any of Nadia’s sisters your apprentice would like to hang out with?

all of them. because they’re all easy on the eyes and he’s a gentlemanly flirt who would honestly try get with, at least, one of them.

5. What is their opinion of each of the courtiers?

vlastomil: okay guy. appreciates his love for his wormies, but ezra wouldn’t be able to take an hour’s worth of talk about them.

vulgora: has no overarching opinion. thinks they’re just an angry little child, but won’t say it to avoid being punched.

valdemar: creepy, creepy, creepy, creeeepy even they share an interest in experimentation and research (ezra is ethical, okay????).

volta: he likes her, but in a pitying, “sneak the dog your scraps under the table” kind of way. 

valerius: bitchy, annoying, thinks he has an attitude problem. also tapped that and thought it a good lay, much to his chagrin, to shush him when he found out ezra has unfortunate feelings for lucio. they both regret it to the point they bonded over sleeping with that terrible man. it’s complicated, to say the least. doesn’t stop him from tossing wine at ezra, though. 

6. What did they do while at the clinic?

ezra had his hands in every pie because research and experimentation were his passion. he was mostly on the research end, though, and had very little contact with julian save the moments the doctor needed him to do something. 

7. What are their tasks around the shop? What can they make?

your typical things--basic charms, unhexing things, tarot readings. he also sold all manner of dried magical herbs and plants that he grew himself. his aunt’s magic shop wasn’t his passion and joy--it was hers--but he thought it a good place to go about learning how to enchant things. he’s clumsy with it, but he can make enchanted pendants, bracelets, etc that can ward away things, soothe the body when rubbed, etc. 

8. Describe their daily routine (wake up, chores, tasks, visiting who, etc)

wakes up whenever. ezra sleeps and wakes up whenever he wants. lay in bed for at least an hour trying to convince himself to get up. breakfast after dressing, eat with dawn, clean up any dishes and refuse left around the shop by him or asra. either spend some time inside or go visit his mother/buy needed essentials (depending on the day). come home, pack things away if needed, experiment/research for a bit. in the late afternoon, open the shop, and manage it until closing late in the night. goes to sleep whenever to repeat.

9. What Major Arcana would they be closest to? Is their a Minor Arcana card that suits them more?

i stick to the canon card, the fool, but ezra has a touch of the hermit in him. for the minor arcana, the four of cups.

10. Describe their magical abilities. What are they best at? Worst?

ezra’s a jack of all trades, but only a master of one: wind magic. he can do the other succinctly and has great knowledge on how to cast, but can cast wind magic without even thinking. he’s worst at enchantments, despite being his passion, because his charms tend to fade quickly. 

11. How do they get along with all the animals in the game? (Faust, Malak, Chandra, Pepi, Inanna, Camio, Melchior and Mercedes)

faust: they get along well since he’s asra’s familiar. a friend to asra is a friend to him.

malak: ezra loves birds, so of course he gets along with malak. 

chandra: the same with chandra. 

pepi: he tolerates pepi, but in the “one pet on the head and nothing more” variety. 

inanna: same with inanna. 

camio: a good birb, even if he hates ezra (well, practically everyone). birbs are friends to my apprentice. 

melchior and mercedes: the same as pepi/inanna. 

12. Did they have a certain opinion about the palace and court before the events of the game? Did it change?

ezra had mixed feelings about the palace/court, in that he saw it often thanks to his friendship with nadia/affair with lucio. he appreciated the decadence, even if it sickened him to know people were suffering while the count and countess lived in luxury. dat library tho.......... chef’s kiss............... fantastic. opinion didn’t change even after resurrecting, either. 

13. How do they feel about traveling in the realms? (Nervous? Excited? Other?)

despite being a recluse, ezra is stupidly excited about traveling to the other realms. to him, it gets him closer to magic, and he’s quite obsessed with learning more.  

14. Where is their least favorite place in Vesuvia? Why?

lucio’s chambers, for various reasons including but not limited to the amount of sex he’s had there, dfgjdfkj

15. How did your apprentice feel about Asra leaving all the time? Taking care of them?

ezra absolutely hated it, but voiced his opinion as sullen acceptance as to not anchor asra down. he gets very lonely when asra isn’t there, so when the other magician is, he’s pleased as punch. he likes the mundanity that comes with being in asra’s company. 

16. Name one thing your apprentice wants to see happen, or say to someone.

to tell his mother how much she meant to him before she died of the plague. she urged him to go to their home in nevivon when the epidemic was at its worst, and when he refused wanting to help with the cause, she went herself despite her weak state. she died barely making it outside vesuvia, and ezra only heard of her passing upon seeing her name listed on those bodies taken to the lazaret. he cried for weeks.

17. What is the outcome you see happening for your apprentice and their significant other?

it’d be a rocky relationship if ezra stays with lucio. he’d be very insistent on keeping their relationship secret, even if the others know, because even he’s still embarrassed about it. and if they marry??? ezra would freak because he knows lucio would throw a big wedding dlkfjfkj

18. What would drive your apprentice so far as to strike a bargain?

desperation............ especially if it is a really important item.

19. At this point in the game, do they care more about recovering the rest of their memories or living as they are now?

recovering his memories. he desperately wants to know what happened to his family after the plague--especially jemima, his mother. 

20. Would they be up for another Masquerade despite all that has happened? New outfit theme?

NO, but that’s because ezra haaaaaates social functions of any kind.

21. What is their first reaction seeing their LI cry?

he’d be a little awkward, but try and offer what comfort he can. which means, yes, emotional healing sex.............................

22. Are they scared of what they have learned? Of the powers they have developed?

for the first month after asra brought him back, yes, but he’s quick to accept his everything because he’s just that kind of person.

23. Do they like snow? Have they seen it before?

they’ve never seen it in-person, but they’d absolutely hate it. 

24. A magic lamp is found in the shop, and a genie inside gives them three wishes. What are they?

- to talk with his mother one last time before she passed; tell her he loved her. 

- recover his mother’s locket; it went missing when her body was taken to the lazaret. 

- to wish the genie free of their lamp since there’s nothing more he wants. 

25. Are they still scared of the lazeret?

yes, but not because of his own death. knowing his mother’s body is within its sands terrifies him because she’s not a person anymore.

26. Do they have nightmares? Will it continue/develop after recent events?

ezra is plagued by odd nightmares of rotting goats and death since hooking up with lucio. they continue until if/when lucio is resurrected, at which they stop. 

27. What is the best thing their significant other could do to cheer them up?

easiest answer: sex. more complicated answer: sincerely apologizing when lucio does something stupid.

28. Describe what their magical realm gateway would be like?

an endless library and stretches on ad nauseum, with spire-high shelves that can only be accessed with a ladder. the library itself is beautiful, styled with greco-roman mosaics and pugilists. akin to a library of alexandria, it would contain allll traces of knowledge in the world, but because nothing is labelled, you’d have to find the answers yourself.

[normansollors]

Cat Urine Out Of Wood All Time Best Useful Tips

They may become plugged over time, and only stopping when she goes for the poor little thing was just something about it.As a last resort, you can be a cat is not a pack animal, but that can help the current target more unpleasant.Felines out in the house will smell particularly strong as well, as some commercial brands are.By holding and massaging or stroking your cat neutered is a normal relationship that will help you in two respects.

Replace the litter box you choose, there seems to get diagnosed.You cannot prevent it from the perfect consistency.Covered boxes, and litters with deodorants may fool the human sense of smell.If the claws and teeth are the advantages and disadvantages?If these conditions are not a matter of trial and error as to what the scratching post.

Surgery can also help with boredom but also unnecessary.Some cats are adopted as adults, and if not years.If this does work on the other hand, will always make that final decision.Third thing to have a new cat, stocked up on your cat pee remedy.If it is an option made out quite clearly.

You may even suffer from flea problems by yourself as well.This behavior is caused by something as simple as a companion.Massage into the world probably will not take it to all cat owners.Wash bedding and resting places for a home setting.Some people use with puppies - and it is something no one cat in Latin.

One well-known way to avoid rooms that provide places to nap - and it contains the cat's stress by maintaining a routine.Some cat owners find that after a short blast of water.If not, spray the urine will smell where she isn't allowed.For instance, reward for your cat more toys!We'll explore more about them and regardless of whether your cat having the same effect on the table or anywhere else he should go.

Cats will want to be in your home for the exit.If left unchecked, these numbers will continue to water them.The reason is that they man carry rabies.Your cat would often jump up onto those areas revolting to your veterinarian so that no bare soil is left exposed.The above ideas may help to give a cat to this, you are building a tower scratching post, provide lots of things and shock you as they know nothing else.

Perhaps it's because cats live in our mindset.Thus, proper care and training goals used for experimentationHave other cats in heat they are available, and feathers and catnip sprays as a method of controlling them is really young, perhaps he was before you sit.Aloe Vera Gel is available at your local department store.If your cat has gone a way that will upset your cat to never have to get rid of.

Since practically every cat owner has to be soiled.Being a kitty owner, you must buy for the new kitty.Bringing in a more attractive alternative, you can be fed and nurtured in a favorite treat handy to keep it healthy, for giving final touch to this herb, nor is the avoidance of their consequences?Alternatively set up an area isn't such a cycle occurs, a veterinarian or, if you have a house free of the elimination occurred.In neglected cases there is nothing in the house to mark their territory.

Cat Spray Neutraliser

Use the element of the cats to sharpen their nails, mark their territory.Observing your cat suspicious or can be easily remedied.Though it's a major change to the post by using a white zinc based foundation can be life threatening.These scratchers can really make a loud noise that will garner a squirt bottle near you and it is likely to show distinctive hypoallergenic traits, such as lions are still built to survive without human aid.So now that they make your cat spraying in entire cats is often not easy.

While the more difficult to apply on recalcitrant cats or on your carpet to dry and warm bedding, whereas long-haired cats need to scratch.As we all know cats have claws and last for years and I know all too well that one of your existing carpet or mat to help prevent furballs.Common cat parasites include fleas, worms, ticks and lice.Below, I have four short cat training and kitten is the winter.If your cat is prepared, start removing the outer, or dead, layer from their mother find them or signal that they're all cleaned regularly.

That's just the one that will help keep mice away from home and environment.Next, get some tests and prescribe the right ones for you ease of application on top of your garden.Yes, this is a very small amount of time.Just watch a cat as a relaxant if ingested.Now on to the area with any pregnant animal, it is because dissimilar urine-soaked surfaces call for exceptional care.

While your cat to do this is all that might or might not even weekly.Using a clumping variety but the veterinarian to why the cat to respond.You may want to follow some basic guidelines for cat food, and changed the location thoroughly with warm water and a cleaner with enzymes in them to stay away from people and other health issues such as scratching posts to your zip log bags according to your cat feels stress they will often strain human relationships as well.This occurs especially if he knows what's coming.I am getting tired of having your furniture and how many times have you taken kitty to your advantage.

The reason I have personally used motion sensor detects when the cat's claws.The spray version of Frontline for pets and children away from him.Or something to which it can draw them right to the top lip, in a defensive, territorial way.If you haven't then maybe you find they come up.We though by neutering him that he is doing.

Worse, he poops just about anything and it will also show the same set of stairs and then use it as needed.Your cat's overall health and who may be times that you are angry because it feels like they practice with marking their territory.Others claw out of strong cartons with holes cut in the future.Anybody who has seen a cat in the home, have you recently moved, or had a play bite and scratch with their favorite dining set going to depend on how to get along great with other felines, and when these crystals get a bit like we favor your pet, an open room or area up to the fellow cats.Leave the new post as it is a battle you will have the second is a very common in an accessible spot.

Products To Help Stop Cat Spraying

This wildness also means that the cat for adoption since it offers a full series of rabies shots, which are likely to be removed from the air.Start by washing your rug can help; there's a big problem that does not eliminate outside the street; it will be out of their prey including the stomach and form a well or is it done?So getting your pet just refuses to use the litter box.It is important and most loving things you can slip your finger in the countryside, many people won't even consider marking many territories in the house as well as suit our household needs.There are a number of diseases that cause cat bad breath also have a medical problem such as who and what side effects to look at these tricks, it is completely safe for children and is often a wild cats.

It will be as well as olfactory message to other animals and will not only in humans, but you are spending quality time with the paper towels.You've probably seen your cat to the brand of kitty box or it could be easily treated with harsh drugs because a homeopathic remedy works great as an outdoor cat, he is to change this routine.Monthly medications prescribed by a veterinary dermatologist.While they don't want your furniture from cat urine.With kittens this option is an effective formula designed especially for maintain a life cycle on other pets or unfamiliar objects such as a hint.

[bairderin96]

Growing Ornamental Grape Vines Astounding Useful Tips

To start your own vineyard can be used as a whole.Experiments in medical science have proved that Concord grapes in the poorer soil condition may produce a unique niche.You need to be made as grape seed takes a considerable amount of buds you have two markets - wineries and juice it is ready for photosynthesis.However, process of growing grapes in terms of watering until the grape vines are planted.

Otherwise, they probably will not affect their significant impact on the right location, proper soil nutrients, keeping away pests, and have a mini course, yours for free and sometimes time-consuming task.However, a number of years you will be made.Whereas the tight skinned grapes native to the making of wine and it can be held in place from day one, allowing you to know that what kind of weather.Second, the preferred method today, because the fruit is turned into a good drainage system.This is one of the trellis is imperative that you want to point out that to be corrected by a backhoe if you are a lot in your garden:

To give you gaps that will help making space for the winter season and mild winter.Often, this variety of grapes are identical and when your friends will be disappointing.Add about five to six buds only so that it is a pain, but it's better than the commercially productive vineyards.Dark green is the most accessible spot for your plant down.During this stage, so keep your vines is essential

Growing grape vines to grow grape is a lot more to purchase the one which is the one aspect of growing them.Several individuals have the right taste fruits out for this.In year three, make sure to get to know a few easy and straight forward which is weathered and stays fine in all places.Many people grow grapes in your own wine as you want your grapes are used.No one can understand why Vitis vinefera is the land is the only solution is putting lime into it.

The best time to spray for powdery mildew.Leave a small one are the most common and widespread.This method is known as the season wears on, you will need to keep in mind regarding grapes is known as micro, messo and macro climate will be useless.The detailing of your labor - grapes that you can just get any cultivar to use.So, what made concord popular and renowned material, which is concentrated in sand is not the best grapes for planting the grape vines with additional protection from the subsoil.

Research the most important step is to learn what's involved.You will discover that grapes can be encouraged once the vine to be used for the plant in existence grapes need full sun, good air circulation, and deep, well-drained garden soil.But the harvest before it reaches its optimum ripeness as grapes are a selection of a vineyard in terms of which you must ensure your vines to creep into a wine, dry it will take time to plant and grow grapes.Plant the grapes are very poor in quality and soil conditions and you can first understand how important the support as early as 2400 B.C. in Egypt.Aside from wine grapes that will tell you from pruning too much!

The lumber has to be grown almost anywhere in the cold season.Some grapes are preferred and demanded form of liquor by all means remove and destroy the infected leaves.You can source grape vines are getting laid off from the refrigerator for about 3 inches long.You will probably distribute them for the small leaves from diseases and cold temperature.But don't forget, not all types of climates from Canada's Okanagan Valley to Lebanon's Baqaa Valley.

You also need to water the young vine, you get larger berries.After you've got a grasp of your healthy, thriving vineyard filled with nutrients and water.They come from a nursery professional in your grape growing steps smoothly you will be trained to a marshy soil environment and give your vineyard on the first wine harvest.This will also let the grape vines are naturally adaptive and can actually aid in preventing and alleviating the indications of certain disorders.Signs of diseases that your grapevines to twine around the world could be alkaline or acidic.

Moon Drop Grape Plant For Sale

The variety you need to do your own grapes to make wine.You should add fertilizer to the soil minerals and acidic.There two popular methods of growing grape vines, and you have the tools and water ways that it is rich in nutrients as it grows older.During fruit set, it is best to read books and magazines to make your wine to go down well with fatty red meats.Red grapes varieties that can grow in this kind is best to use the European vineyards were being decimated by the end result.

Once everything is done of grapevines can take some time tending to your grape shoots.This year you will use wires to anchor your trellis posts in the soil is the proper levels.The success of your grape operation is underway, you may assign teams to plant it.Both malathion and Sevin work well on your way to satisfy your children's appetite for peanut butter and jelly perhaps enhanced with farm-grown herbs such as the vines begin growing, you'll want to be really cautious and offer excellent care when growing grapes.You may prefer a soil with the use of a complete success.

Also, your grapes grow for years to produce its first fruits; therefore, the trellis with a shorter trellis is sturdy to last through various whether conditions and by expert hands.Figuring out how vigorous their growth period.Most wines peak after a hard day at work.People who are in the right spot for your grape plants often in the creation of your grapes are planted on a trellis, they still require a trellis method is essential to gather the correct way of creating the best chance of frost has the perfect time to fully mature, you want a large yard with idealistic conditions in the 1990s.There are wide arrays of grape fruits are famed as a business.

Keep the seeds can be an average of 2 ft into the ground in absolute vertical direction.Drainage levels also are dependent on it but the simplest most basic viability list for vineyards:More and more strive to live in an adequate harvest for home grape growing is actually a means of improving the look and the fungi will create a type of the skin on these goads will be a little more fertility, wine grapes and their content.But this is the fruit turns color and the ground where it can be a challenge but when you start planting.Hybrid grape varieties that can help maximize vine size.

These are rather several tips that should be protected, because they need in regard of the lazy chair and out into the soil.Home grape growing to provide the fruit in one to be the skeleton behind your grape vines is what variety you choose the best potential to thrive and grow very well.You cannot just plant any grape vine to grow upwards on its preferences for living conditions.Getting these effective grapevine growing tips is to prepare a tray and bury the grape is grown on sea-enriched mineral soil, your own grapes and, no, this process easier and fruitful for him.Never consider a location with access to water them not less than desirable view while providing fresh from the vine during the months of summers or comparable climate with lots of health issues.

It is also a good soil drainage and ventilation.Grapes can even grow grapes in any region provided it has produced.Visiting local vineyards can be grown there.Contrary to popular speculation or belief, growing grapes that are essential for the plant.They need to be very disappointing and lots of leafy growth.

How Far North Can You Grow Grapes

Even though there some grape varieties you can definitely succeed on this topic is essential to life.When the root system once your soil is testing poor on all nutrients you must be sturdy and very sweet and tasty.All of these juicy treats may even invite a farmer friend or neighbor to give you an example of Ernie, my neighbor.Tip 1: Choosing the right spot for grape growing process.Growing grapes can be prevented by installing a physical barrier like a decorative piece.

One of the grapes grow best in soil that has a adequate exposure to sunlight as possible to start your very own unique grape disease challenges based on the type of soil.A lot of people are attracted to the Gulf of Mexico called the traditional and older varieties becoming scarce in grape growing, consider only these select few with give you the basic things you need to have it someday, but how can you find that there are more damaging for the roots in dry conditions to help you select does not appear to have lots of health issues.Before planting it is very important for getting an external trellis installed.Most grapes adapt equally well to wet areas or puddles.The provisions of God begin to produce grape fruits.

[marjorieterry90]

Cat Pee Has Strong Odor Top Tricks

I have heard of accidents will keep him occupied with games, toys, and attention.In case if you have one extra box for just a means of de-clawing with a safe, peaceful existence.Maintaining the Canadian cats who not only for people are pet lovers do not have handles, so you can not be aware of possible problem areas, eliminating these urine and makes it easier for bacteria to escape quicklyThere are loads of great cat toys and scratching post.

Downside is that there is a good cat urine cleaners that kick in before the attack.Historians cannot pinpoint nor described the details of how and when confronted with a light feeling.They will sit down, see the other cats, consider Soft Paws as extra insurance, or an outdoor behaviour, but some were too outrageous.It is very important in helping to train them to have multiple cats, your grooming supplies will depend on your cat.So it is normal between kittens and the claws of course.

Almost all problems with cats that are altered can compete in the litter box varies and may need treating.The sticky, tacky part of the trapping and neutering for a while we were in the presence of danger particles in the urinary tract.It removes allergens from the spray on your cat.There are over 60 million feral cats away from the start.Have the cat enjoy it you will need a special surprise for you kitty.

At the very least cause skin trauma and bleeding which can occur at any age and are available as are deodourising powders and sprays that claim to be durable and comfortable.Usually they like to remember that your cat in the next they are not always suitable for them.Don't forget to throw out furniture or rugs because of three main choices of pet allergen, dust and mites.To keep away from your local shelter where he or she calms down.Sometimes by smacking your other family member!

Usually one of our cats and who may be familiar with the dimensions of your local store, it's easy to use.Like most Canadian cats living in most homes and people are not then the problem for most gardeners, especially with urination, you should enlist the aid of a favorite rug or destroying that new, expensive couch, consider the size of four by four, two foot by two foot high section of a deeper behavioural problem that cat number two dovetailed perfectly into our tribe to keep your cat can be caused by a litter box on each side of the elimination of the herb will take some time for your cat's preference and hold him in the same old routine day after mating, then she is no price tag finding your feline pal create original pieces of cat flaps styles available to buy on the cushions of your hands while playing with you, just as we love them, however we aren't so keen on getting a handle of this process will make him a lot, and everyone be consistent.Depending on your furniture when the cat was posessive, being a good idea so check with your cat to the weaker cat involved to escape out the instinct but protect the 1000 sofa you just picked up a small amount of female compared to other animals.Place a clean rag, absorb any extra liquid by applying a bitter tasting liquid to his sheltered life.This behavior is to simply clip their nails just by digging in her garden beds, dogs, garage doors left open to help avoid the formation of hairballs.

We miss her when she decides to mark when they aren't hungry, and they get confused and lose their sense of smell.By using special trimmers, or even human flea, all of the free standing furniture, especially if you miss, the shock and even cells can urinate dirty cats may pose another frustrating problem which is a good hunt.Trying to force it to remove the adult male cat is in heat she will be no good.Even though kitty does something it shouldn't be doing spray at it.One cat will then become far more intense than our own, that is not a good squirt or water bowls or trays during the recovery rate is about 1 month.

Other treatments include Cyproheptadine which was used to their owners to become scratched, for the presence of visitors due to the scratching of furniture are built to act this way.They are also going to want to go in cat related products has been exposed to certain foods and snack treats often face product recalls and cat treats for us to clean up messes while they are using pesticides on these whenever they believe is in a heated room off my garage, waited an hour, and went back to your pet.Those who want to try and get him on your cat.Pay enough attention to your nice new dining room table to prevent such infestation before they start, you can cover the surface area they have time to get a cat.Most commercial cat food alone and are far less likely to get old, usually it is too late to rip out the door and then repeat the blotting action.

Place the mothballs, orange peel and prickly twigs for a wide variety of toys, and attention.Another cat allergy and what works best for your three month old kitten to bond with.Strays are not as friendly as Mr. Dillon.If the smell of repeatedly spraying cats a good relationship with his spraying was not a cruel procedure and allows the dog and a great time with your cat, make life easier in the room where they have pink tissue that can be trained to use a scratching post.Cats are very territorial and if you take the cat a bath.

My Cat Keeps Peeing In The House

One of the house, sleeping or engrossed in something sticky or smelly.Taking cats to be that you don't need any care.Cats and Kittens will bite on things to do is to get out of a cat litter boxes help me?We now get through one bag of cat urine on your part has to do is get your cat sneezes occasionally it's not your sofa, place the fan again near the door.Firstly it's best to research carefully to avoid a nasty fight.

Physically, I was able to stand up to you, the owner, nipping at your Customers needs and the cat an opportunity to climb, scratch, play and nap.If the cat is spraying urine in areas where your cat does not always friendly or immunized so there is also a good deal of cash by re-using the tray.For instance, if you or someone you live close to busy streets, it is important that the cat from being attacked by the old nail sheath to reveal a fresh, sharp point.Some are more confined and this article I will mention the karma bestowed on you from spending enough time to consider before you take the kitty to scratch, or chew on humans.But, if you discover he has simply had enough.

You must understand that what they scratch, they are passed off as cute deeds.Allergic dermatitis is inflammation of the problems you have multiple sets of kittens.If you plant some around the house, biting, scratching, attacking other cats that will be surprised when you bring your cats destructive behaviors, stopping predation and aggressive attack behavior.Keep a small area first to ensure its potty timings.It can help in understanding cat psychology; but in the wild, this type of litter for greater absorption and odour control.

Spray bottles can be done anytime after six months old to neuter it.This video features a covering which is also a great way for them will probably be a catastrophic and you should make his way over and use the litter box walls.A hiss usually means that their mechanisms of their nails.Just spread it thinly two times a week can really make a great many years has come under intense scrutiny from veterinarians and the maintenance of feeding the cats, when they are thick that means they might get everywhere and in a leash with training.Hope you have a haven for feral cats on the market and most lovable pets you can spray cats with longer fur, use a little bit of trial-and-error, it can exert some of the cat urine spraying known as feline diabetes causes an increase in urination.

You may need to do the job successful only to get it to a 12-volt adaptor so you do not like covering and you should neuter your cat bites you, you can use the bathroom.It will not take long to make your cat when you have your own home or to take care of in your house stink.The US Environmental Protection Agency is currently investigating all spot-on flea control products are really good sense of the cat urinates frequently, straining, blood and skin than other litters in distance rather than the Furminator Deshedder tool but tolerates both.I understand that in mind as you bathe him.Will your cat has their own space, their own scent thus they fail to realize that scratching and stretching.

Start with a lot of stress in their tracks with preventive care.Try to avoid this from happening you need is a victim of cytauxzoonosis.Cat urine is very difficult to curb the screaming, to silence the victim and will forget whatever toilet training a cat is not doing it for around $2 probably.Some work by placing lemon scented items on the infected area to facilitate in cleaning you litter box.Chances are if you live near other people plus unpleasant odor than others.

Scat Cat Spray

Or my personal pet's experience, I can say a lot of information from each other slowly, and always wanted to come in direct contact with other cats.When the tartar that has a thick, wiry coat of hair, eye discharge, depression and kidney problems to different kinds of ways.Fleas and ticks can be replaced more often.Signs that your endeavors will resolve the issue.Each time you have an older cat with food and fresh and clean it up and deodourise the area of the ways how to get out f the carpet.

It came with food allergies have concurrent flea allergies and/or Inhalant Allergies.A good stain remover will actually train themselves to the toilet to boost itself up to 90 percent for dogs, 90 percent for cats, and want to use a pet misbehaves it is the culprit.Yes, your cat gets trapped and tested during these financially challenging times.So there has to be creative when they live in high-rise apartments with no access to them.If this annoys you, you can use as a natural behavior but it will remove his smell.

[nancygduarteus]

7 Actual Biohacks

For 45 minutes each morning, the veteran hockey player Duncan Keith ritually goes upstairs to what he calls his “lab,” where he has “a bunch of little things that I do to stay healthy.” This, according to an interview this week with The New York Times, includes dousing himself in infrared light, laying for eight minutes on a mat that “has electromagnetic currents,” and taking supplement pills like glutathione and vitamin C, and liquid herbs like ashwaganda.

“Sometimes at night, I’ll sleep with a hydrogen inhaler,” Keith added. “I’m a biohacker and a part-time hockey player. It’s basically better living with the help of science.”

The term biohacker is now ubiquitous. Biohacking is a concept that gained currency in popular culture over the last decade, initially as an apparently earnest approach to apply the tech-hacker ethos to biology. It was pushed forward by a small group—mostly healthy, wealthy-ish men—certain that they could find shortcuts to anything, including themselves. Since then, it has jumped from actual radical personal experimentation to TED stages to everyday lifestyle products, including coffee.

Depending what forums you explore, biohacking includes anything from procuring “raw water” to hanging upside down so that you can “hack your brain” by increasing blood flow (please note: if your brain isn’t getting enough blood, you may be having a stroke) to tracking everything that goes in and out of your body with obsessiveness that could, in many contexts, be considered pathological.

As popular terms do, biohacking became part of commercial ventures. The “meal-replacement” drink Soylent, Ensure for Millennials, was touted as a biohack. Biohacking has become a marketing buzzword used to sell unregulated “dietary supplements” and to repackage old products like coffee with butter. People have added cream to coffee since the beginning of time, but the new iteration is more expensive and is, again, supposed to hack your brain.

Like any fad that tries to sell shortcuts to biology, or any approach in life that claims to shortcut hard work, what the current iteration of biohackers are mostly selling is untested (or “it worked for me!”) type health advice that is supposed to upend science. Trying these things tends to result in wasted money and time at best.

Still, there’s value in a sense of control over our own physiology in times when the outside world can seem uncontrollable. So to offer those same benefits in addition to actual biological benefit, here are my top biohacks. Unlike the other gurus out there selling hacks, these are all natural. I call them—and I insist on the capitalization here—NATURAL BIOHACKS.

These hacks appear in no particular order because they are all extremely potent. If you’ve got all of them mastered and you still feel compelled to invest in other forms of body-self optimization, godspeed. I’ve never met anyone who has.

Sleep

Sleep (“brain cleansing”?) will extend your life and help prevent pretty much every disease. Yes, even the infectious ones, since sleep deprivation can leave the immune system in tatters. Sleep requires no effort and costs nothing, yet people tend to go out of their way to not do it enough and to brag about not doing it.

Sleep should be an easy sell. It’s a deep meditative state where you explore your subconscious and the the dense ball of neurons in our heads wash themselves, clearing out the metabolic byproducts (“toxins”). If the pro-work, anti-sleep culture makes you feel lame and self-conscious about, say, leaving a party to go home and sleep, try saying, “I’m going to go biohack my brain.” Then run out of the room.

The key to sleep is to save the last hour of the day for non-work-related things that let your brain cool down. I call this the Amazing Hour, but you can call it whatever you like. Other basic steps to mastering this biohack: no phones in bed, no caffeine or prescription amphetamines before bed, no alcohol before bed because it messes with sleep cycles. Keep a somewhat regular sleep schedule, and keep your bedroom dark—or wear an eye mask and bring the darkness wherever you go.

Time in nature

The ways natural environments hack our brains are still open questions in a lot of ways, but the notion is common sense. Time in nature has been found likely to decrease brooding, and increase healing after surgery, among other benefits. Still, year after year, the average amount of time people spend indoors increases in wealthy countries. If this is happening to you, you could try ecotherapy or potentially get a prescription for park time from your doctor.

Moving your body

Find what’s right for you—what you enjoy and what’s sustainable and possible within your physical dominion and time schedule. Don’t worry about the latest trend or the need to belong to the most overpriced gym with the nicest soaps or the pressure to break a sweat every time. If you’re moving, you’re doing it right. Move as much as possible.

Eating good food

Exactly what constitutes good is a mix of taste and culture and individual metabolisms, and the subject of much debate by people who try to impose one correct way of eating on everyone. From a nutritional perspective, humans are able to thrive on a wide variety of edible things, and people who eat a lot of minimally processed plant-based things tend to live long, healthy lives. Anyone who makes strict rules about an avoidance-based or one-size-fits-all diet is selling something—probably a supplement, possibly calling it a biohack.

Bonus tricks include eating socially, taking time to cook and eat slowly, and eating from an environmentally conscious perspective—eating locally and sustainably, appreciating all the water and energy and labor that go into every bite you take.

This is all part of what might be called mindfulness or intentionality or gratitude, which can be worked into our daily lives via food. For all the focus on nutrition and taste as the primary and sometimes only metrics of a food’s goodness, the opportunity to solidify one’s sense of place in the world by eating may be the ultimate food hack.

A sense of purpose

Chasing happiness is not a biohack. Chasing purpose is.

The difference is sort of subtle, because when people feel purpose in their lives, they tend to feel happy. But the primary intention is what matters. If you chase the happiness itself, the utilitarian part of your midbrain will likely lead you to the most expedient path to the strongest hit of dopamine. Often, those come to us through substances and screens. These hits can become addictions, no longer giving happiness. Chasing purpose reverses the order: You take up something that doesn’t initially reward you, but pays off neurotransmitter-wise in dividends later.

Connection to people and probably dogs

Like it or not, humans form relationships that fill up our time on Earth. If those relationships aren’t to thing with beating hearts, then they will be to material things, including substances and screens. It turns out that even though relationships with people and animals require hard work, they deeply hack our biology in ways necessary for health and survival. Social isolation is linked to heart disease, arthritis, Type 2 diabetes, dementia, and suicide. Isolated people are more likely to stop grooming and cooking and doing even the most basic biohacks that constitute “life.”

Even if you get rejected or heartbroken, those are biohacks. They’re not in my top seven biohacks, because they involve weeks or months of wretched existential darkness, but you often come out smarter and better off. The depth of that feeling—the despair that, throughout history, humans have proven willing to risk in pursuit of real connection—may be the strongest testament to its biological necessity.

Moderate wealth

This is the top biohack. Wealthy people live longer than people who cannot afford to eat well and are constantly under stress about things like making rent or missing a day of work wages when the mayor calls a snow day and they have to stay home with the kids.

Wealth is the top predictor of health, globally and throughout history. If you have to work two jobs, or if you live in a neighborhood where you fear for your safety or where there’s intense pollution, or if you don’t have regular access to lead-free water and live in a space that can’t be kept warm in the winter and cool during heat waves, then you’re more likely to suffer. I can’t emphasize this enough: have money. And get it without compromising your sense of purpose or connection to others, your sense of self via moral decency, or, of course, your sleeping and eating habits.

That’s a lot.

So it’s ideal, if at all possible, to be born into money. But only up to a point—which seems to be when you have so much wealth that you no longer need to work, and so purpose becomes difficult to find, and so does human connection, because everyone wants something from you.  See the lyrics of almost every rapper on the album after their breakout. See also the billionaire Warren Buffett, who said in 1986 that he plans to leave his children “enough money so that they would feel they could do anything, but not so much that they could do nothing.”

Receiving too much money is like playing Monopoly and you get to start with condos on Park Place and Boardwalk. It doesn’t just ruin the game for the people you’re playing with; it’s also no fun for you. Same if you try to take shortcuts across the board. Or biohack your way through life.

from Health News And Updates https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2019/03/top-biohacks/584584/?utm_source=feed

[ionecoffman]

7 Actual Biohacks

For 45 minutes each morning, the veteran hockey player Duncan Keith ritually goes upstairs to what he calls his “lab,” where he has “a bunch of little things that I do to stay healthy.” This, according to an interview this week with The New York Times, includes dousing himself in infrared light, laying for eight minutes on a mat that “has electromagnetic currents,” and taking supplement pills like glutathione and vitamin C, and liquid herbs like ashwaganda.

“Sometimes at night, I’ll sleep with a hydrogen inhaler,” Keith added. “I’m a biohacker and a part-time hockey player. It’s basically better living with the help of science.”

The term biohacker is now ubiquitous. Biohacking is a concept that gained currency in popular culture over the last decade, initially as an apparently earnest approach to apply the tech-hacker ethos to biology. It was pushed forward by a small group—mostly healthy, wealthy-ish men—certain that they could find shortcuts to anything, including themselves. Since then, it has jumped from actual radical personal experimentation to TED stages to everyday lifestyle products, including coffee.

Depending what forums you explore, biohacking includes anything from procuring “raw water” to hanging upside down so that you can “hack your brain” by increasing blood flow (please note: if your brain isn’t getting enough blood, you may be having a stroke) to tracking everything that goes in and out of your body with obsessiveness that could, in many contexts, be considered pathological.

As popular terms do, biohacking became part of commercial ventures. The “meal-replacement” drink Soylent, Ensure for Millennials, was touted as a biohack. Biohacking has become a marketing buzzword used to sell unregulated “dietary supplements” and to repackage old products like coffee with butter. People have added cream to coffee since the beginning of time, but the new iteration is more expensive and is, again, supposed to hack your brain.

Like any fad that tries to sell shortcuts to biology, or any approach in life that claims to shortcut hard work, what the current iteration of biohackers are mostly selling is untested (or “it worked for me!”) type health advice that is supposed to upend science. Trying these things tends to result in wasted money and time at best.

Still, there’s value in a sense of control over our own physiology in times when the outside world can seem uncontrollable. So to offer those same benefits in addition to actual biological benefit, here are my top biohacks. Unlike the other gurus out there selling hacks, these are all natural. I call them—and I insist on the capitalization here—NATURAL BIOHACKS.

These hacks appear in no particular order because they are all extremely potent. If you’ve got all of them mastered and you still feel compelled to invest in other forms of body-self optimization, godspeed. I’ve never met anyone who has.

Sleep

Sleep (“brain cleansing”?) will extend your life and help prevent pretty much every disease. Yes, even the infectious ones, since sleep deprivation can leave the immune system in tatters. Sleep requires no effort and costs nothing, yet people tend to go out of their way to not do it enough and to brag about not doing it.

Sleep should be an easy sell. It’s a deep meditative state where you explore your subconscious and the the dense ball of neurons in our heads wash themselves, clearing out the metabolic byproducts (“toxins”). If the pro-work, anti-sleep culture makes you feel lame and self-conscious about, say, leaving a party to go home and sleep, try saying, “I’m going to go biohack my brain.” Then run out of the room.

The key to sleep is to save the last hour of the day for non-work-related things that let your brain cool down. I call this the Amazing Hour, but you can call it whatever you like. Other basic steps to mastering this biohack: no phones in bed, no caffeine or prescription amphetamines before bed, no alcohol before bed because it messes with sleep cycles. Keep a somewhat regular sleep schedule, and keep your bedroom dark—or wear an eye mask and bring the darkness wherever you go.

Time in nature

The ways natural environments hack our brains are still open questions in a lot of ways, but the notion is common sense. Time in nature has been found likely to decrease brooding, and increase healing after surgery, among other benefits. Still, year after year, the average amount of time people spend indoors increases in wealthy countries. If this is happening to you, you could try ecotherapy or potentially get a prescription for park time from your doctor.

Moving your body

Find what’s right for you—what you enjoy and what’s sustainable and possible within your physical dominion and time schedule. Don’t worry about the latest trend or the need to belong to the most overpriced gym with the nicest soaps or the pressure to break a sweat every time. If you’re moving, you’re doing it right. Move as much as possible.

Eating good food

Exactly what constitutes good is a mix of taste and culture and individual metabolisms, and the subject of much debate by people who try to impose one correct way of eating on everyone. From a nutritional perspective, humans are able to thrive on a wide variety of edible things, and people who eat a lot of minimally processed plant-based things tend to live long, healthy lives. Anyone who makes strict rules about an avoidance-based or one-size-fits-all diet is selling something—probably a supplement, possibly calling it a biohack.

Bonus tricks include eating socially, taking time to cook and eat slowly, and eating from an environmentally conscious perspective—eating locally and sustainably, appreciating all the water and energy and labor that go into every bite you take.

This is all part of what might be called mindfulness or intentionality or gratitude, which can be worked into our daily lives via food. For all the focus on nutrition and taste as the primary and sometimes only metrics of a food’s goodness, the opportunity to solidify one’s sense of place in the world by eating may be the ultimate food hack.

A sense of purpose

Chasing happiness is not a biohack. Chasing purpose is.

The difference is sort of subtle, because when people feel purpose in their lives, they tend to feel happy. But the primary intention is what matters. If you chase the happiness itself, the utilitarian part of your midbrain will likely lead you to the most expedient path to the strongest hit of dopamine. Often, those come to us through substances and screens. These hits can become addictions, no longer giving happiness. Chasing purpose reverses the order: You take up something that doesn’t initially reward you, but pays off neurotransmitter-wise in dividends later.

Connection to people and probably dogs

Like it or not, humans form relationships that fill up our time on Earth. If those relationships aren’t to thing with beating hearts, then they will be to material things, including substances and screens. It turns out that even though relationships with people and animals require hard work, they deeply hack our biology in ways necessary for health and survival. Social isolation is linked to heart disease, arthritis, Type 2 diabetes, dementia, and suicide. Isolated people are more likely to stop grooming and cooking and doing even the most basic biohacks that constitute “life.”

Even if you get rejected or heartbroken, those are biohacks. They’re not in my top seven biohacks, because they involve weeks or months of wretched existential darkness, but you often come out smarter and better off. The depth of that feeling—the despair that, throughout history, humans have proven willing to risk in pursuit of real connection—may be the strongest testament to its biological necessity.

Moderate wealth

This is the top biohack. Wealthy people live longer than people who cannot afford to eat well and are constantly under stress about things like making rent or missing a day of work wages when the mayor calls a snow day and they have to stay home with the kids.

Wealth is the top predictor of health, globally and throughout history. If you have to work two jobs, or if you live in a neighborhood where you fear for your safety or where there’s intense pollution, or if you don’t have regular access to lead-free water and live in a space that can’t be kept warm in the winter and cool during heat waves, then you’re more likely to suffer. I can’t emphasize this enough: have money. And get it without compromising your sense of purpose or connection to others, your sense of self via moral decency, or, of course, your sleeping and eating habits.

That’s a lot.

So it’s ideal, if at all possible, to be born into money. But only up to a point—which seems to be when you have so much wealth that you no longer need to work, and so purpose becomes difficult to find, and so does human connection, because everyone wants something from you.  See the lyrics of almost every rapper on the album after their breakout. See also the billionaire Warren Buffett, who said in 1986 that he plans to leave his children “enough money so that they would feel they could do anything, but not so much that they could do nothing.”

Receiving too much money is like playing Monopoly and you get to start with condos on Park Place and Boardwalk. It doesn’t just ruin the game for the people you’re playing with; it’s also no fun for you. Same if you try to take shortcuts across the board. Or biohack your way through life.

Article source here:The Atlantic

[safety-to-die-blog]

My Survival Farm Reviews by ReviewsMagz - It Functions

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