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shadowspellchecker · 3 years ago

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Just some thoughts on distances in Enola Holmes: Vehicles

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In Enola Holmes (2020), we see the following modes of transportation featured:

Rail transport

Automotive

Cycling

Horse-drawn wagon

Walking

Each of these, of course, has different speeds and considerations. Since maximum speed can be used to calculate maximum applicable distance, I thought might be helpful to create a reference for each mode of transportation for use when estimating distances.

This is just a collection of notes, really. But why invent the wheel? So I thought I'd share.

Railways

Apparently the speed of the engine is not the only factor when estimating travel time by rail: infrastructure plays a role, and track materials. [🚂]

Strap rail: 10-12 mph (16-19kph) [🚂][🚂]

Cast iron rails: >20mph[🚂]

Wrought iron rails: 30 mph[🚂]

Steel rail: >60mph[🚂]

In Britain, railway infrastructure was ahead of the United States, so train speeds reached 30mph in 1830, 78mph by 1850.[🚂]

But these are limits how fast a train could run, not how fast the journey was made. Let's move on. The British Library provides us with two different numbers:

Now, an express train could reach speeds of 80 miles an hour.

Some people feared that fast trains might cause physical harm to the passengers. Queen Victoria asked the driver to go more slowly than his average speed of 40 miles an hour, on her journey from Slough to London, finding the experience terrifying. [🚂]

The 40 mph average is also given in Taylor & You, and by some reasoned answers on Quora. [🚂] [🚂]

Leunig gives a more conservative estimate of 28.4 mph in 1870 and 32.8 in 1887 based on timetables of the period, but goes into more detail, differentiating between more important routes and less important routes. The paper also gives us a way to reckon "as the crow flies" speeds.

We calculate miles per hour by dividing the “crow flies” mileage between the two towns by the time taken. We use “crow flies” rather than “track” or “road” miles because this is what matters to travelers. This also has the useful property that the construction of a shorter line, on which trains travel at the same speed, counts as an increase in speed.39 As a rule of thumb, track mile speeds exceed crow flies speeds by around 15 percent.

In some cases, it is easier to use "As the crow flies" mileage-- just take a ruler, draw a straight line across the map-- then work out the twists and turns. So, some might find it useful to have a way to compensate for that.

The Magazine of Western History (1886) gives a counter to their assessment, however. In his assessment of achieving a sustained speed of 35 mph, the writer, William Barrows, says "no man conversant with the history and progress of mechanics will presume to say that the highest limit of train speed has been reached." If that is contemporary opinion, 30 mph may be too conservative for an express train.

It is also worth considering that trains often stopped for dinner during the 1800s, but likely unnecessary to the train ride we see in the movie-- an express train that started around 9:15 in the morning.[🚂]

tldr;

40 mph is probably a good bet for 1880s rail journeys, but under some circumstances, it is believable a train might have been able to reach 60mph on a straight line.

If using "as the crow flies" measurements , add at least 15% to the actual distance before calculating time.

It is safe to assume that trains will move faster on straight tracks to make up for time lost on the turns.

Automotives

Apparently, the average speed of one motorcar from the period was about 26 mph (41 kph) at the time.... [1] But that's not accounting for road conditions, terrain, etc. If we do... well, I don't know how to account for that. 15% losses (which would mean going at ~22 mph) seems too low in the age before road surfaces were designed for automotive transport. Frankly, I'd be surprised if they actually made it past 10 mph (16kph). (About that of a horse and buggy at a trot.) [2] But perhaps I've been sold by that 10 mph is Google Maps' estimated speed for bikes! [3])

BUT-- get this -- in my haste to find estimates, I forgot to check the specs of the vehicle!

And it turns out, Miss Harrison must have had an advance order, because her car is the Benz 1885! (Well, actually, it's a reproduction, but close enough.)

[Source]

The Benz Patent-Motorwagon had a speed of 6 mph (10 km/h) or 10 mph (16 kph) [🚗][🚗], a 4.5 liter (1.1 gallon) tank, and a fuel consumption rate of 2 gallons to 62 miles (10 liters per 100 km).

This gives us one highly technical insight: Assuming that the tank was full, the car could go only as far as about 50 km, or 30 miles-- and track miles at that. Any further, they need to refuel.

Speed may not be the only factor to consider when judging distances covered by this car, so I did a bit more research.

The Benz runs on gasoline, but Bertha Benz that longer trips could be achieved. They would need to stop at an apothecary, though, and I don't know if Enola would know ligorin is an adequate substitute. They would probably have had to stop and wait for the engine to cool down, and push up hills that are too steep. [🚗] [🚗][🚗] Still, it is worth noting that Bertha's journey, one-way, was conservatively 110 mi (180 km) long, and probably took around 14 hours. Which would her an overall speed of 7 mph (13 kph) or, based on Wikipedia's less conservative estimate, 9mph (14kph) -- both of which are well within our speed estimate for the vehicle. [🚗]

But given Enola and Tewkesbury left in the morning, and arrive late at night.... yes, they would have needed to refuel, which would have lessened the distance they could have covered in that time just as the vehicle would have allowed them to cover a greater distance. Something to note, going forward.

Car: 6-10 mph or 10-16 kph.

Cycling

We only see it used in Ferndell and in London, so it doesn't really help in working out the major distances seen in the movie.

Horsepower

In the film, we see a horse-drawn cart. Being heavier for their size, carts and wagons need different considerations from carriages, which are designed to be light and travel faster. A horse-drawn wagon goes, at a walk, about 2-4 mph (3-6kph). [🐎] A horse-drawn wagon can go 10 to 30 miles in a day depending on terrain and conditions. [🐎] And given the presence of livestock, walkers, and a load, it seems safe to assume that the horses pulling that wagon would have remained at a slow walk. [🐎]

Horse-cart: 2 mph (3kph)

Buggies are also featured, but until I have a better sense of the time interval between Lestrade apprehending Enola and when she arrives at the school I don't have enough info to work with.

Walking

The average human walking speed roughly varies between 2 and 4 mph. Urban planners generally estimate between those two figures, but that is assuming an environment optimized for human traffic. Still, Ramblers.org also suggests an average of 3mph, or 2.5 mph (4kph). Leunig follows the latter suggestion, but suggests, given the nuance is that it only applies to adults who are walking on level or downhill routes, and that it is calculated by miles on route, that 2mph might be more accurate for estimation. Even with healthy young adults, the hills would slow movement, and it seems unlikely they would be able to stay on a truly straight line They will, at the very least, need to find a ford or bridge to cross the river, for instance. Since plotting an exact route would be unlikely for most purposes, it might be wise to apply 15% losses to 2.5 mph... which is 2.125, so basically 2mph. So that checks out.

2.125mph (3.4kph) for two teenagers walking overland.

Summary:

40 mph is probably a good bet for 1880s rail journeys, but under some circumstances, it is believable a train might have been able to reach 60mph on a straight line.

If using "as the crow flies" measurements , add at least 15% to the actual distance before calculating time.

It is safe to assume that trains will move faster on straight tracks to make up for time lost on the turns.

Car: 6-10 mph or 10-16 kph.

Car: Needs to be refueled every 30 miles or so.

Biking: unhelpful for my purposes

Horse-cart: 2 mph (3kph)

Buggy: insufficient data to be of use. Skip.

2.125mph (3kph) for two teenagers walking overland. Lowball: 2mph.

With these established, I hope to start narrowing down some of the fictional places in the movie!

#enola holmes #resources #fanfic research #except no fic here just research #victorian era #1880s #historical cars #historical trains #rough estimates #notes #tewkesbury #geography #horsepower #1800s #19th century

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theculturedmarxist · 5 years ago

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My dad was born in 1917. Somehow, he survived the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918-1919, but an outbreak of whooping cough in 1923 claimed his baby sister, Clementina. One of my dad’s first memories was seeing his sister’s tiny white casket. Another sister was permanently marked by scarlet fever. In 1923, my dad was hit by a car and spent two weeks in a hospital with a fractured skull as well as a lacerated thumb. His immigrant parents had no medical insurance, but the driver of the car gave his father $50 toward the medical bills. The only lasting effect was the scar my father carried for the rest of his life on his right thumb.

The year 1929 brought the Great Depression and lean times. My father’s father had left the family, so my dad, then 12, had to pitch in. He got a newspaper route, which he kept for four years, quitting high school after tenth grade so he could earn money for the family. In 1935, like millions of other young men of that era, he joined the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), a creation of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s New Deal that offered work on environmental projects of many kinds. He battled forest fires in Oregon for two years before returning to his family and factory work. In 1942, he was drafted into the Army, going back to a factory job when World War II ended. Times grew a little less lean in 1951 when he became a firefighter, after which he felt he could afford to buy a house and start a family.

I’m offering all this personal history as the context for a prediction of my dad’s that, for obvious reasons, came to my mind again recently. When I was a teenager, he liked to tell me: “I had it tough in the beginning and easy in the end. You, Willy, have had it easy in the beginning, but will likely have it tough in the end.” His prophecy stayed with me, perhaps because even then, somewhere deep down, I already suspected that my dad was right.

The COVID-19 pandemic is now grabbing the headlines, all of them, and a global recession, if not a depression, seems like a near-certainty. The stock market has been tanking and people’s lives are being disrupted in fundamental and scary ways. My dad knew the experience of losing a loved one to disease, of working hard to make ends meet during times of great scarcity, of sacrificing for the good of one’s family. Compared to him, it’s true that, so far, I’ve had an easier life as an officer in the Air Force and then a college teacher and historian. But at age 57, am I finally ready for the hard times to come? Are any of us?

And keep in mind that this is just the beginning. Climate change (recall Australia’s recent and massive wildfires) promises yet more upheavals, more chaos, more diseases. America’s wanton militarism and lying politicians promise more wars. What’s to be done to avert or at least attenuate the tough times to come, assuming my dad’s prediction is indeed now coming true? What can we do?

It’s Time to Reimagine America

Here’s the one thing about major disruptions to normalcy: they can create opportunities for dramatic change. (Disaster capitalists know this, too, unfortunately.) President Franklin Roosevelt recognized this in the 1930s and orchestrated his New Deal to revive the economy and put Americans like my dad back to work.

In 2001, the administration of President George W. Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney capitalized on the shock-and-awe disruption of the 9/11 attacks to inflict on the world their vision of a Pax Americana, effectively a militarized imperium justified (falsely) as enabling greater freedom for all. The inherent contradiction in such a dreamscape was so absurd as to make future calamity inevitable. Recall what an aide to Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld scribbled down, only hours after the attack on the Pentagon and the collapse of the Twin Towers, as his boss’s instructions (especially when it came to looking for evidence of Iraqi involvement): “Go massive — sweep it all up, things related and not.” And indeed they would do just that, with an emphasis on the “not,” including, of course, the calamitous invasion of Iraq in 2003.

To progressive-minded people thinking about this moment of crisis, what kind of opportunities might open to us when (or rather if) Donald Trump is gone from the White House? Perhaps this coronaviral moment is the perfect time to consider what it would mean for us to go truly big, but without the usual hubris or those disastrous invasions of foreign countries. To respond to COVID-19, climate change, and the staggering wealth inequities in this country that, when combined, will cause unbelievable levels of needless suffering, what’s needed is a drastic reordering of our national priorities.

Remember, the Fed’s first move was to inject $1.5 trillion into the stock market. (That would have been enough to forgive all current student debt.) The Trump administration has also promised to help airlines, hotels, and above all oil companies and the fracking industry, a perfect storm when it comes to trying to sustain and enrich those upholding a kleptocratic and amoral status quo.

This should be a time for a genuinely new approach, one fit for a world of rising disruption and disaster, one that would define a new, more democratic, less bellicose America. To that end, here are seven suggestions, focusing — since I’m a retired military officer — mainly on the U.S. military, a subject that continues to preoccupy me, especially since, at present, that military and the rest of the national security state swallow up roughly 60% of federal discretionary spending:

1. If ever there was a time to reduce our massive and wasteful military spending, this is it. There was never, for example, any sense in investing up to $1.7 trillion over the next 30 years to “modernize” America’s nuclear arsenal. (Why are new weapons needed to exterminate humanity when the “old” ones still work just fine?) Hundreds of stealth fighters and bombers — it’s estimated that Lockheed Martin’s disappointing F-35 jet fighter alone will cost $1.5 trillion over its life span — do nothing to secure us from pandemics, the devastating effects of climate change, or other all-too-pressing threats. Such weaponry only emboldens a militaristic and chauvinistic foreign policy that will facilitate yet more wars and blowback problems of every sort. And speaking of wars, isn’t it finally time to end U.S. involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan? More than $6 trillion has already been wasted on those wars and, in this time of global peril, even more is being wasted on this country’s forever conflicts across the Greater Middle East and Africa. (Roughly $4 billion a month continues to be spent on Afghanistan alone, despite all the talk about “peace” there.)

2. Along with ending profligate weapons programs and quagmire wars, isn’t it time for the U.S. to begin dramatically reducing its military “footprint” on this planet? Roughly 800 U.S. military bases circle the globe in a historically unprecedented fashion at a yearly cost somewhere north of $100 billion. Cutting such numbers in half over the next decade would be a more than achievable goal. Permanently cutting provocative “war games” in South Korea, Europe, and elsewhere would be no less sensible. Are North Korea and Russia truly deterred by such dramatic displays of destructive military might?

3. Come to think of it, why does the U.S. need the immediate military capacity to fight two major foreign wars simultaneously, as the Pentagon continues to insist we do and plan for, in the name of “defending” our country? Here’s a radical proposal: if you add 70,000 Special Operations forces to 186,000 Marine Corps personnel, the U.S. already possesses a potent quick-strike force of roughly 250,000 troops. Now, add in the Army’s 82nd and 101st Airborne divisions and the 10th Mountain Division. What you have is more than enough military power to provide for America’s actual national security. All other Army divisions could be reduced to cadres, expandable only if our borders are directly threatened by war. Similarly, restructure the Air Force and Navy to de-emphasize the present “global strike” vision of those services, while getting rid of Donald Trump’s newest service, the Space Force, and the absurdist idea of taking war into low earth orbit. Doesn’t America already have enough war here on this small planet of ours?

4. Bring back the draft, just not for military purposes. Make it part of a national service program for improving America. It’s time for a new Civilian Conservation Corps focused on fostering a Green New Deal. It’s time for a new Works Progress Administration to rebuild America’s infrastructure and reinvigorate our culture, as that organization did in the Great Depression years. It’s time to engage young people in service to this country. Tackling COVID-19 or future pandemics would be far easier if there were quickly trained medical aides who could help free doctors and nurses to focus on the more difficult cases. Tackling climate change will likely require more young men and women fighting forest fires on the west coast, as my dad did while in the CCC — and in a climate-changing world there will be no shortage of other necessary projects to save our planet. Isn’t it time America’s youth answered a call to service? Better yet, isn’t it time we offered them the opportunity to truly put America, rather than themselves, first?

5. And speaking of “America First,” that eternal Trumpian catch-phrase, isn’t it time for all Americans to recognize that global pandemics and climate change make a mockery of walls and go-it-alone nationalism, not to speak of politics that divide, distract, and keep so many down? President Dwight D. Eisenhower once said that only Americans can truly hurt America, but there’s a corollary to that: only Americans can truly save America — by uniting, focusing on our common problems, and uplifting one another. To do so, it’s vitally necessary to put an end to fear-mongering (and warmongering). As President Roosevelt famously said in his first inaugural address in the depths of the Great Depression, “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” Fear inhibits our ability to think clearly, to cooperate fully, to change things radically as a community.

6. To cite Yoda, the Jedi master, we must unlearn what we have learned. For example, America’s real heroes shouldn’t be “warriors” who kill or sports stars who throw footballs and dunk basketballs. We’re witnessing our true heroes in action right now: our doctors, nurses, and other medical personnel, together with our first responders, and those workers who stay in grocery stores, pharmacies, and the like and continue to serve us all despite the danger of contracting the coronavirus from customers. They are all selflessly resisting a threat too many of us either didn’t foresee or refused to treat seriously, most notably, of course, President Donald Trump: a pandemic that transcends borders and boundaries. But can Americans transcend the increasingly harsh and divisive borders and boundaries of our own minds? Can we come to work selflessly to save and improve the lives of others? Can we become, in a sense, lovers of humanity?

7. Finally, we must extend our love to encompass nature, our planet. For if we keep treating our lands, our waters, and our skies like a set of trash cans and garbage bins, our children and their children will inherit far harder times than the present moment, hard as it may be.

What these seven suggestions really amount to is rejecting a militarized mindset of aggression and a corporate mindset of exploitation for one that sees humanity and this planet more holistically. Isn’t it time to regain that vision of the earth we shared collectively during the Apollo moon missions: a fragile blue sanctuary floating in the velvety darkness of space, an irreplaceable home to be cared for and respected since there’s no other place for us to go? Otherwise, I fear that my father’s prediction will come true not just for me, but for generations to come and in ways that even he couldn’t have imagined.

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berniesrevolution · 6 years ago

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I have no idea how well Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez will perform as a member of Congress. But her election is already serving a valuable purpose. You see, the mere thought of having a young, articulate, telegenic nonwhite woman serve is driving many on the right mad — and in their madness they’re inadvertently revealing their true selves.

Some of the revelations are cultural: The hysteria over a video of AOC dancing in college says volumes, not about her, but about the hysterics. But in some ways the more important revelations are intellectual: The right’s denunciation of AOC’s “insane” policy ideas serves as a very good reminder of who is actually insane.

The controversy of the moment involves AOC’s advocacy of a tax rate of 70-80 percent on very high incomes, which is obviously crazy, right? I mean, who thinks that makes sense? Only ignorant people like … um, Peter Diamond, Nobel laureate in economics and arguably the world’s leading expert on public finance. (Although Republicans blocked him from an appointment to the Federal Reserve Board with claims that he was unqualified. Really.) And it’s a policy nobody has ever implemented, aside from … the United States, for 35 years after World War II — including the most successful period of economic growth in our history.

To be more specific, Diamond, in work with Emmanuel Saez — one of our leading experts on inequality — estimated the optimal top tax rate to be 73 percent. Some put it higher: Christina Romer, top macroeconomist and former head of President Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers, estimates it at more than 80 percent.

Where do these numbers come from? Underlying the Diamond-Saez analysis are two propositions: Diminishing marginal utility and competitive markets.

Diminishing marginal utility is the common-sense notion that an extra dollar is worth a lot less in satisfaction to people with very high incomes than to those with low incomes. Give a family with an annual income of $20,000 an extra $1,000 and it will make a big difference to their lives. Give a guy who makes $1 million an extra thousand and he’ll barely notice it.

What this implies for economic policy is that we shouldn’t care what a policy does to the incomes of the very rich. A policy that makes the rich a bit poorer will affect only a handful of people, and will barely affect their life satisfaction, since they will still be able to buy whatever they want.

So why not tax them at 100 percent? The answer is that this would eliminate any incentive to do whatever it is they do to earn that much money, which would hurt the economy. In other words, tax policy toward the rich should have nothing to do with the interests of the rich, per se, but should only be concerned with how incentive effects change the behavior of the rich, and how this affects the rest of the population.

But here’s where competitive markets come in. In a perfectly competitive economy, with no monopoly power or other distortions — which is the kind of economy conservatives want us to believe we have — everyone gets paid his or her marginal product. That is, if you get paid $1000 an hour, it’s because each extra hour you work adds $1000 worth to the economy’s output.

In that case, however, why do we care how hard the rich work? If a rich man works an extra hour, adding $1000 to the economy, but gets paid $1000 for his efforts, the combined income of everyone else doesn’t change, does it? Ah, but it does — because he pays taxes on that extra $1000. So the social benefit from getting high-income individuals to work a bit harder is the tax revenue generated by that extra effort — and conversely the cost of their working less is the reduction in the taxes they pay.

Or to put it a bit more succinctly, when taxing the rich, all we should care about is how much revenue we raise. The optimal tax rate on people with very high incomes is the rate that raises the maximum possible revenue.

(Continue Reading)

#politics #the left #The New York Times #new york times #paul krugman #alexandria ocasio-cortez #taxes #taxation #income inequality

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csnews · 6 years ago

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Scientists to team up with whale-watching crews

Rodrigo Pérez Ortega - February 3, 2019

One recent foggy morning, Kate Spencer stirred the calm waters of Moss Landing Harbor when she arrived aboard the black, 33-foot boat she “drives” to work.

After picking up her six passengers, Spencer, owner of Fast Raft Ocean Safaris, steered the whale-watching boat to the center of the underwater Monterey Canyon while continuously glancing at her fish-finder radar. If the device spotted a large school of fish –– most likely anchovies –– that meant whales could be nearby.

Next to the radar, the boat captain kept a camera at the ready.

Scientists who study the behavior of whales say photos such as Spencer’s carry valuable information. So the scientists are now turning to whale-watching businesses and their customers for help gathering critical data needed to keep whale populations healthy.

“There’s so much that we don’t know about whales that any data is welcome,” said Jeremy Goldbogen, an assistant professor of biology at Stanford’s Hopkins Marine Station in Pacific Grove. “Even if it’s just a photograph of a fluke with a time and a place, that would be fantastic.”

Since ancient times, Monterey Bay has served as a popular stop for hundreds of whales migrating along the California coast. The giant marine mammals now attract tourists from all over the world hoping to witness the whales filling their bellies with krill and other sea life.

But the majestic creatures face a slew of troubles once they get here: collisions with ships, urban and maritime noise, entanglements with fishing lines, and the effects of climate change –– which is making the oceans warmer and more acidic, reducing food supplies.

Worried about the whales’ fate, scientists are trying to collect as much data as they can to understand how the behavior of whales has changed over the years. The researchers say they also need to learn a lot more about how the whales feed and interact with each other in the bay.

In this first-ever collaboration with scientists in local waters, whale-watching crews and their customers will use GPS locations and photographs to document their sightings. This will help researchers determine how whales move and keep themselves fed, revealing how healthy they are. It will also aid the scientists in coming up with recommendations for improving conservation efforts, such as better management of fisheries and identifying the best locations for shipping lanes to avoid deadly collisions.

Ari Friedlaender, a marine biologist at UC Santa Cruz, recently began reaching out to whale-watching crews and is now organizing workshops with them to establish the best way to log whale-sighting data.

“The whale-watching industry is really critical for us because the crews have all of this knowledge about where animals are at different times in the year,” said Friedlaender, co-founder of the California Ocean Alliance, a nonprofit dedicated to protecting marine mammals.

Humpback whales were hunted to near-extinction in the Pacific Ocean during the 1800s and throughout most of the 1900s. But ever since the humpbacks received federal protection a half-century ago, their numbers have been steadily increasing.

The last several years, however, have been a tough time for whales migrating up and down the West Coast. The worst year was 2016, when officials discovered 71 whales entangled in fishing gear –– the highest number ever recorded. Although 2017 was a better year, with 31 reported entanglements, preliminary numbers for last year indicate that 45 whales were found entangled –– 35 of them in California waters.

In 2017, scientists estimate, the number of blue whales killed by ship collisions on the West Coast was almost eight times higher than the acceptable threshold under the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act. For humpback whales, the number of collisions was twice that threshold.

Goldbogen and Friedlaender began aggressively studying the whales of Monterey Bay two years ago, setting out on small, inflatable boats to look for the animals. When they find one, they carefully attach a “tag,” a device with suction cups that not only records video but also the depth, speed and even the heart rate of the whales. The tags fall off within 24 to 48 hours.

“You just put this on their back, and the whales basically do the job for you,” Friedlaender said.

The recordings provide a “whale diary” for scientists –– revealing how each whale moves, what it eats and how it communicates with other whales, he said. The research team also takes aerial photographs to gauge the size of the whales, an important measurement of health.

The team conducts this research only a few times during the year, however, because it’s expensive and several months are needed for a seven-person team to analyze the data gathered from each diary.

But a small flotilla of whale-watching boats ventures out into the Monterey Bay every day.

“They’re passionate about what they do,” Friedlaender said of boat captains like Spencer. “They’re out on the water all day looking at animals, understanding these animals.”

Spencer, a Pacific Grove resident, said she often recognizes individual whales and takes photographs when they show off their flukes, which serve as “whale fingerprints” because they are unique to each animal.

A former scientific illustrator, Spencer has led whale-watching tours in Monterey Bay for 18 years. During this time, she has developed a special relationship with whales, while gaining a wealth of anecdotal evidence on how the animals behave in the bay.

On one recent tour, Spencer spotted a male humpback with a gash on its crooked dorsal fin. She dubbed him Notch 12 years ago and has spotted him nearly every year since — and his name has affectionately morphed into Nacho.

“I’m watching the whales every day, getting to know the personalities of every individual, watching them grow up and start having calves,” Spencer said.

Several customers on recent whale-watching tours expressed excitement about the new collaboration.

“I think it’s so incredibly important,” said Heather Gillette, 48, an entrepreneur from Woodside. “I think it’s cool to leverage all of the different people who witness all of the whale activity, taking that knowledge and putting it all in a central place to track the whales or identify them.”

By gathering the data from whale-watching crews that have been diligent about keeping records over the past three to four decades, scientists will be able to look back to determine what species of whales are in Monterey Bay at different times of the year and how that has changed over the years.

Although the crews didn’t have GPS or fancy digital cameras until recent years, they logged their whale sightings with pens and paper –– records that scientists hope to soon digitalize.

Friedlaender said that these historical logs could reveal arrival and departure patterns of migrating whales, allowing researchers to determine how those patterns correlate to the abundance of prey or water temperature changes.

“We can start to show that over time those things have shifted,” he said. “That can be a really big red flag –– an indicator of change in the ecosystem.”

Scientists suspect that humpback whales have spent their time very close to shore in recent summers. While this is great for tourists, Friedlaender said, it might not be a good sign for the bay’s health. It could be an indication that their food is closer to the shore, meaning that perhaps there’s not a lot of food in the middle of the bay because of overfishing –– or warming waters.

The new data might end up proving that the scientists’ theory is right. And that could result in new policies for commercial fisheries being put into place.

The whale-watching businesses will also benefit from the data compiled by scientists because it will help crews provide their customers with more complete life histories of the whales they spot.

An example of how photographs from the whale watchers can be used for research can be seen at Happywhale.com, a website where people can upload whale-sighting images and coordinates. An automated process will then identify the whale.

“When you start talking about hundreds or thousands of photos, there’s real value there,” said Ted Cheeseman, a local conservation biologist who developed the website in 2015. “And what’s great about Monterey Bay is that there are so many whales and so many whale-watching vessels.”

Spencer, who has contributed nearly 7,000 of her photographs to Happywhale.com, said the site gives whale-watching customers a chance to know that they’re contributing something to the protection of the animals.

“It’s neat that I can look up the whales that we saw, like Nacho,” Gillette said. “When we do whale-watching again, I would want to say, ‘Oh, that’s him –– he’s back this year!’”

For Gillette, however, the collaboration between scientists and whale-watching businesses is about much more than just being able to know more about her favorite whales. A wildlife enthusiast, Gillette said she knows that conservation projects can work, pointing to the recovery of the West Coast’s humpback whale population. And she finds that inspiring.

Said Gillette: “I feel like despite all the changes in the environment, there are a lot of efforts like this one that are actually paying off.”

#news #wild #cetacean #whale #research #whale watching #long article

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hommart · 6 years ago

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14-Day Fast Fat Loss Guide

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You see, he's gained 25 pounds since birth of his son. He really fell off the wagon. But he's taken the first and most important step by admitting things have to change and so we sat around for over 2 hours in his backyard on a beautiful day and hammered out this plan.

I could have wrote a 5-month plan, but I wanted to fast-track his results - and YOUR results - because research shows people who start losing fat quickly get better long-term fat loss results as well.

So here's your complete 14-day FAST-TRACK guide to fat loss (if you like it, please forward it to a friend or print them off a copy too):

Day 1 - Stop Everything to Plan, Shop, & Prepare This Meal Plan

I hope you're reading this on Sunday, because I want you to plan, shop, and prepare today. If it's Monday, skip your workout and do this instead - its THAT important.

And I don't just mean planning what you are going to eat for dinner. I mean planning what you are going to eat for every meal for the next 2 weeks.

Don't tell me that's too hard. After all, most people with lean physiques stick to a relatively similar diet for 90% of their meals and then enjoy a random cheat/reward meal 10% of the time.

So your schedule might go like this:

Breakfast - 2 eggs, 1 slice rye toast, 1 apple, Green Tea, fish oil

Snack - 1oz raw almonds, 1 pear, Green Tea

Lunch - Grilled chicken/salmon or black bean salad with spinach, onion, peppers, mushrooms, etc., 1 banana or bowl of cherries, 2 cups unsweetened iced tea with lime or lemon

Snack - Unlimited raw vegetables and hummus

Dinner - Protein and vegetables and fruit...so this could be a small piece of steak, chicken, or fish, along with your favorite vegetables, and a bowl of your favorite fruit.

Or it could be the veggie dinner I had last Monday of quinoa with red pepper-cashew sauce and avocado wrapped in kale leaves.

Or it could be wild rice with beans and avocado and salsa.

That schedule won't change much, with the exception of a slight variation in your main course at dinner, right? And then once per week schedule a meal of your favorite food.

Everyone can stick to this plan for 14 days, and this tip alone will help you lose 5-12 pounds of fat in just 2 weeks. And this is also how you'll need to eat for the rest of your life. It's not hard, it just requires a little practice. Keep at it and never, EVER give up.

Alright, so to review, here's your 3-step guide to Day 1.

i) Plan your meals. ii) Shop for the food. iii) Prepare the food (cut everything up, put in the proper trays, cook food if necessary, and get it all packed up for work)

In addition to planning out all of your meals, you must also start keeping a food journal (you could do it online too), because studies show that keeping a food journal will help you lose fat faster.

Next, make sure you do 60 minutes of activity today AND take a "before" photo along with your weight, body fat (if possible), and measurements of your waist, hips, arms, and thighs. Continue to weigh yourself every other day, as research shows that frequent check-ins lead to greater weight loss.

Day 2 - Attend An "Online Fat Loss & Fitness Seminar"

You must set EVERY workout and activity session as an appointment with yourself that you must keep - just like a doctor's visit. Let nothing, except real emergencies, come between you and your workouts.

Today you're going to do a short, burst exercise workout.

Now if you are currently using long, slow, boring cardio to lose f at, stop that bad habit immediately and switch to short, burst workouts.

If you need to learn more about short, burst workouts, go to YouTube and search for interval workouts. While you are there, look up my "Diet vs. Exercise" video series to see why diet is much more effective for fat loss than cardio.

If you are a beginner, please start conservatively. But if you have been working out for a while, the next 3 weeks are your time to step your workouts up a notch.

Day 3 - Write Your Way to Fat Loss

First, you must schedule 60 minutes of easy to moderate activity. I'll talk about that in a second, but you can do anything from a 60 minute walk, a yoga session, a light bodyweight and stretching session, an hour of playing with your kids, or playing an easy game of your favorite sport. Don't go too hard, but stay active.

You must also carve out 30 minutes to sit down and write out 3 short term goals and 3 long term goals. Write down EXACTLY what you want to accomplish in these 14 days. After that, write down what you want to accomplish in the following 90 days.

Once you've done that, you're going to prepare a contract with yourself promising to take the steps necessary to achieve these goals. Sign the contract and review it everyday to keep you on track.

Day 4 - Recruiting Day

Today's another short burst workout. Make sure you are using a professionally designed structured and proven fat loss workout, rather than just "winging it" or using long slow cardio for fat loss.

You'll also spend time today recruiting for these 3 components of your fat loss social support team:

- Nutrition buddy - Workout partner - Fat loss forum accountability buddies

Research shows that recording your nutrition in a food journal and having someone review your meals increases your chance of losing fat.

Another study found that if you workout with a partner who is losing fat, then you'll have a greater chance of losing fat as well.

And finally, a third study found that the more often subjects checked in to an online fat loss forum, the more likely they were to lose a lot of fat.

Get your team together and you'll get more results - faster.

Day 5 - The 60 Minute Solution

Why am I telling you to get 60-minutes of activity on your off days?

Well, to be honest, I do NOT expect you to burn massive amounts of fat with easy, off-day activity.

However, every minute you spend moving, you are NOT snacking! I know the biggest problem you will have is your diet. So instead of snacking in front of the computer or TV, spend your free time away from food. That's the simple secret to the 60 minute solution.

So get 60 minutes of activity on Day 5.

Day 6 - The Challenge

Your 3rd workout needs to be a challenge workout so that you can improve your performance each week. In fact, you should set at least one personal best in each workout. If you improve your performance, your physique will improve as well.

Day 7 - Diet Check-In and Reward Meal

Congratulations, you've made it through 7 amazing days of fat burning. Today you're going to double check your nutrition plan by reviewing your food journal.

If you haven't already done so, eliminate all liquid calories and replace with water and Green Tea.

If you need to learn more about nutrition, start using the free service called Fitday.com. It will help you track your calories.

And if you're really struggling to avoid night eating, try this tip. Place a small mirror on your fridge door. Research shows that subjects consumed fewer calories when they did this because it will remind you to make smarter choices.

Finally, as a reward for all of your hard work, you can treat yourself to your favorite meal. But that doesn't mean gorging. It simply means having a normal meal of your favorite foods to give you a mental break from your plan. When the meal is over, don't go back for seconds. Get right back on the 14-day plan instead.

Days 7 & 8 are also 60 minute off-day activity days.

Day 8 - Review your goals.

It's no good to write your goals down and then forget them. Review them at least weekly, if not daily. Heck, carry them around in your pocket and look at them at every meal.

As you workout, visualize yourself reaching your goals. Believe in yourself, keep a positive attitude, stay motivated and you'll continue to make fast fat loss progress every day.

This will also be another great day to plan, shop, and prepare.

Day 9 - Take It to Another Level

Week one was great, but with only 5 days left it is time for you to step it up again. This time I want you to hire a trainer for just one session to make sure you are doing all the exercises correctly and training as hard as you can (safely, of course).

Add this trainer to your support team. And by the way, a good trainer should be able to estimate your body fat better than any of those "fat scales" you can buy at a store...so get them to check that too.

Day 10 - Plan Your Next Shopping Trip

Today is another 60 minutes of off-day activity, and you'll also work on improving your nutrition even more. What I want you to do is focus on eating more from the Fat Loss Foundation.

The 3 components of my Simple Nutrition Fat Loss Foundation are raw fruits, vegetables, and nuts. Research shows that eating more of these 3 foods will help you lose weight better than a diet that is low in fruits, vegetables and nuts.

Make an effort to eat one new fruit, vegetable, and nut each week during your between meal snacks.

If you aren't already eating grapefruit, try one today and see how it helps fill you up (because it contains a lot of soluble fiber called pectin). Add a new vegetable - such as broccoli, cauliflower, or asparagus - to your dinner. And try walnuts or pecans instead of almonds at your morning break.

Slowly but surely increase the fiber in your diet until you hit the recommended amount of 35 grams per day.

And I hope this goes without saying, but you should have eliminated all foods that contain added sugar. That is one the simplest yet most effective nutrition changes you can make.

Day 11 - Recruit Again

Add a new member into your social support team, such as a new workout partner or healthy-eating partner. This will add strength to your commitment. If possible, join a transformation contest online, or start one among your friends or co-workers.

But when you do that, keep in mind that you want to help other people succeed. The more you can help others lose fat, the more you will help yourself as you share what's working with your friends and they show you their fat loss secrets too. Stay positive, and you'll build a powerful fat loss team.

Today is also another fat loss workout day, so give it your best.

Day 12 - Check-In Time

Today you'll re-measure your weight, body fat, and measurements. Take a look in the mirror to compare yourself against your before photo to see big changes that will motivate you to stay strong.

I also want you to start thinking about getting a tan. Yes, I said getting a tan. Why? Because simply adding a little bit of color to your body can make you look leaner. There's a reason all those models in supplement ads are tanned, you know.

Finally, if there is a "big day" at the end of the 14-days, make sure you try on the outfit you are going to wear to double-check that it is going to look great on you.

Make sure you do this check-in either before your 60 minutes of activity or a few hours after so that exercise does not mess-up the numbers.

Day 13 - Mental Performance Review

Write down all obstacles that are still in your way of success, and then brainstorm 2 solutions to overcome each. Get some help from your social support team on this. The more you and your team share solutions, the more fat you - and everyone else - will lose.

For example, you might come up with rules like, "No eating in the car" to help cut down on bad food choices. Someone else might suggest "brush your teeth after dinner to avoid night-time snacking". Those are simple yet powerful tips to keep you on the fast-track to fat loss.

Follow up this positive session with your best TT workout yet!

Day 14 - Review, Plan, & Prepare

Congrats on making so many powerful changes in just 2 short weeks.

By now, you'll probably have lost 5-12 pounds of fat and just as importantly, you'll have developed proven, life-long fat burning habits that will be easy for you to stick to forever.

Keep this weight loss train moving by reviewing your original goals. Next, do your planning, shopping, and preparing for another week, and get ready for even more fat loss.

Enjoy your 14-day results and celebrate with a reward meal (and show off your firmer, leaner body at the big event too!).

Wishing you success!

Please email me with your success story in 14 days (or sooner!).

Craig Ballantyne is a Certified Strength & Conditioning Specialist and writes for Men's Health and Oxygen magazines. His trademarked Turbulence Training for Fat Loss have helped thousands of men and women with weight loss and fat burning in less than 45 minutes three times per week. Turbulence Training for Fat Loss workouts help you burn fat without long, slow cardio sessions or fancy equipment. Craig's bodyweight workouts for fat loss help you lose fat without any equipment at all.

You have permission to publish this article in your web sites, ezines or electronic publication, as long as the piece is used in its entirety including the resource box, all hyperlinks (HTML clickable) and references and copyright info.

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architectnews · 3 years ago

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Ten global projects that demonstrate the possibilities of low-energy architecture

Low-energy buildings can "make communities more resilient to climate shocks," says author Jared Green. Here he picks ten examples of low-energy buildings from his book Good Energy: Renewable Power and the Design of Everyday Life.

Following the recent IPCC climate report, there has been an increased focus on the impact of emissions from buildings, with the built environment thought to be responsible for around 40 per cent of global CO2 emissions.

The 35 projects featured in Green's book aim to demonstrate how low-energy buildings, which are more energy-efficient and have lower CO2 emissions than regular buildings, can be both well-designed and affordable.

"Low-energy buildings integrate photovoltaic panels, energy efficiency strategies, and all electrical systems, so they are critical to shifting us away from fossil fuels," Green told Dezeen.

Read:

UK industry group calls for new rules to force architects to calculate embodied carbon emissions

"These buildings are much healthier for people and the planet and also significantly reduce energy expenses over the long-term," he added.

"They can also enable a new relationship with energy grids, increasing the decentralization of energy systems, which can make communities more resilient to climate shocks – such as more extreme storms and hurricanes and more dangerous flooding, heatwaves and wildfires."

Read on for Green's pick of ten low-energy projects from his book:

Zero Carbon House, Birmingham, United Kingdom

"Architect John Christophers transformed his own home into one of the most sustainable houses in the United Kingdom. He grafted a contemporary addition, covered with photovoltaic panels and solar water heaters, onto the side of his original two-bedroom house built in the 1840s.

"The house is now energy-positive, creating more energy than it uses. It has seen a net reduction of 1,300 pounds (660 kilograms) of carbon dioxide annually, compared to the estimated CO2 emissions from the home before it was remodelled.

"Christophers lined the entire structure with a membrane that stops air and heat from escaping and incorporated rammed-earth floors pulled from the foundation of the home, mixed with red clay."

Belfield Townhomes, Philadelphia, US

"In the Logan neighbourhood of North Philadelphia, developer Onion Flats designed and built three 1,920-square foot (178-square metre) townhouses.

"This was the first public housing created in North Philadelphia in five decades and the first certified Passivhaus project built in Philadelphia. Each townhouse was built in just three months at a local factory using prefabricated components at a cost of $249,000.

"The passive townhouses include super-insulated walls, triple-pane windows and a heat-recovery pump that draws in fresh air, filters it and then efficiently heats or cools the interior. Each house has rooftop photovoltaic panels with a five-kilowatt capacity.

"If tenants stay within their set energy budgets, the townhouses consume zero energy. If they use more they will be drawing more energy from the grid than the photovoltaic panels."

Trent Basin, Nottingham, United Kingdom

"With rooftop photovoltaic panels, a 2.1-megawatt-hour Tesla battery, and sophisticated energy management software, the Trent Basin residential community has been able to generate and store its own energy, feeding directly into the UK power grid. The pitched roofs of the community take their form from the local red brick factory buildings of Nottingham.

"By connecting to the grid, the community energy system for over 100 homes is able to trade energy generated on-site, selling stored energy when demand is high and storing excess power from the grid when public demand is low.

"Since the energy systems went online in 2018, the community's photovoltaic panels have generated 310,000 kilowatt-hours of renewable energy and saved 110 tonnes of carbon emissions."

SMA x ECO Town Harumidai, Sakai City, Japan

"Daiwa House Industry Company, one of Japan's largest homebuilders, has shifted its focus to prefabricated communities that produce more energy than they use. Since 2017, this project, which includes 65 homes, has produced 427 megawatt hours of renewable energy, 15 per cent more than it used.

"This has reduced carbon emissions from electricity generation by an estimated 95 per cent.

"Homeowners use the company's proprietary home-energy management system, which automatically moves energy into storage for use at night and lets them track how much energy they generate and use.

"Each family's share in the energy-conservation effort is displayed in a ranking, with high-ranking families receiving points that can be used for the electric vehicle car-sharing service."

UC Davis West Village, Davis, US

"At 224 acres (90 hectares), this project is one of the largest planned sustainable communities in the US. The 663 nearly zero-energy mixed-use buildings are powered by rooftop photovoltaic panels and house 3,000 students, faculty and staff.

"The development also encourages low-carbon transportation. SWA Group, which led planning, design and implementation phases for the landscape architecture, built on the existing bicycle culture of the campus to create a bicycle-first transportation system.

"Bike parking was conveniently integrated into building courtyards and public areas, whereas vehicle parking was moved into centralized areas farther away to further incentivize biking and walking."

The Sustainable City, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

"This 114-acre low-carbon development created by Diamond Developers is home to 3,000 people from 64 countries. The developers took a holistic approach to sustainability, designing a community that can produce its own food, conserve and reuse water, and meet 87 per cent of its energy use through rooftop photovoltaics combined with energy-efficiency measures.

"Solar panels on both homes and common spaces generate 1.7 gigawatt hours of renewable energy annually. The entire development is estimated to offset some 8,500 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent each year."

SDE4 at the National University in Singapore, Singapore

"This building is inspired by the region's simple timber Malay houses, which are characterized by deep overhangs, raised platforms, and loose room divisions that enable continuous cross ventilation.

"A team including Serie Architects, Multiply Architects, and Surbana Jurong scaled up this vernacular approach to a 92,440-square foot (8,588-square metre) six-story building for Singapore's National University.

"SDE4 is Singapore's first zero-energy building. Covered in photovoltaic panels, the building has an energy-generating capacity of 500 megawatt hours and more than half the building is open to the environment and naturally ventilated.

"In classrooms that require cooling, a 'hybrid cooling system' augmented with ceiling fans reduces energy use by an estimated 36 to 56 per cent over a conventional building in Singapore."

School in Port, Port, Switzerland

"The jagged roof of this kindergarten and elementary school in Port, a small suburb of Biel, holds 1,110 photovoltaic panels that have the capacity to generate nearly 300 kilowatts of power at peak times. According to designer Skop architects, the school not only powers itself but also 50 surrounding homes.

"Wood is used as the primary construction material. 'Wood is used throughout both the facade and the interiors,' Skop partner Martin Zimmerli said.

'As a result, the school can be seen as a large carbon sink. All the timber comes from sustainable forestry.'"

Council House 2, Melbourne, Australia

"The 134,500-square foot (12,450-square metre) CH2, a government office building, was designed by architect Mick Pearce and Australian architecture firm DesignInc to function like an ecosystem, with 'many parts that work together to heat, cool, power, and water the building.'

"Compared to conventional Melbourne office buildings, CH2 has reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 87 per cent and cut energy and water use by 60 per cent.

"The western facade of this highly responsive building is programmed to track the movement of the sun. In the winter, the recycled-wood shutters open to let in light; during peak afternoon sun in the winter, the shutters close."

Bullitt Center, Seattle, Washington, USA

"This energy-negative building was designed by Miller Hull Partnership with the ambitious goal of becoming the most sustainable commercial building in the world. The coplanar canopy roof hosts 575 photovoltaic panels that generate 230 megawatt hours of energy annually.

"The building's core structure was built to last 250 years, rather than the standard 40-50 years for contemporary commercial buildings. Given the amount of embodied carbon they contain, buildings that endure are the most sustainable.

"The Bullitt Center already stores 600 tons of carbon dioxide in its structural timber frame and uses just 25 per cent of the energy that a conventional building in Seattle would use."

The post Ten global projects that demonstrate the possibilities of low-energy architecture appeared first on Dezeen.

#Architecture – Dezeen

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deadboyswalking · 2 years ago

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Each hand took about an hour to mold and about a half hour to stuff with filling, repair cracks with glue, and glue closed. Granted, half of the hands worked up slower since I had to paint on the glue and hold the blow drier with my non-dominant hand.

So we're looking at 21 hours before paint, plus an additional 3 hours for figuring out the ruined first attempt and another hour for a glove that didn't survive de-molding.

Add on another 30 minutes for making the hot glue tendons.

So 25.5 hours before paint.

Paint for all hands:

Base coat and minor repairs- 1 hour.

Emergency surgery on a finger that burst- 1 hour

Contour: 30 minutes

Highlight: 30 minutes

Blending: 1 hour

Nails: 30 minutes

I chose not to do veins or knuckle detail for time reasons.

Total time: approximately 30 hours.

For the gold bases, I've done about an hour of work so far (gold painting foam core, measuring the side pieces, and cutting) and I should get all of them assembled in 1-2 hours if I work fast. The red strap things are maybe another half hour after that.

Conservative estimate of the time it takes to make Shigaraki's 14 hands through the glue mold process (not counting shopping, paint color mixing/matching, or travel time): approximately 34-35 hours.

😅 they look so cool and cost about $40 to make BUT this is defintely a huge amount of time and effort. Also, if I didn't have a background in makeup and smooth blending, free-painting something like this would not look nearly as good as it does. I may turn them into a garland for my wall after the con because there is no way in hell that I'm not showing off all that work.

All 14 are finally finished! The bases are painted and cut and just need to be hot glued together. I think the photo is okay but the way they look in real life is fantastic, like the shading looks so real.

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hermanhayden1993 · 4 years ago

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What Are The Symptoms Of Bruxism Jolting Ideas

There are exercises to alleviate what is known as anxiety and digestive disorders.The discomfort may go away on its own or in the inner side.It may cause some severe cases, you may be a TMJ condition is caused due to TMJ and manage the spasms much like a sinus headache, migraines, or even tray's used in many different exercises you can perform them whenever you feel the symptoms.Treatments for TMJ/TMD are variable and are used correctly they will know what it is.

Almost 70% of people who clench and grind, if your general dental health professional for possible oral or jaw dislocation, here are some examples of pathology.Parents can also avoid habits which could lead to damage teeth grinding do not place the hot pack allows the user allowing them to slide from left to aggravate it are panic attacks and disorders that can be pain management.Do you need to make sure someone is watching over to prevent their teeth during daytime hours also, especially when there is a general healthy habit are some possible TMJ problem.The movement of these treatments have proven to be worn out from the discomfort.Those who may claim to have therapeutic value and has become chronic.

TMJ disorder and also avoid using your jaw to the painful area.This can be dangerous to underrate some of the liver.Limited opening and closing your mouth by moving the lower or upper head, and neck pains.There are other, short-term, solutions to stop teeth grinding and clenching, then botox is being hit.The problem is getting a good idea to consult your doctor.

There are two major problems with this dental condition where people clench their jaws when they stopped chewing tough foods or chewing food to bite there is a very last resort after other methods of treatment right away, since TMJ does affect people in many forms and branches of the two temporomandibular jointsYour TMJ related condition is caused by the damage caused by the TMJ to take care of your face or head.Last, due to the location of the symptoms include eyes that are the same room with you.Exercise helps in the treatment that the muscles being contracted for too long, you can open your mouth gets doing this it can be done until the pain caused by problems with that is the TMJ disorder and treating that root cause of the TMJ patient. Temporary bite correction procedure should always be done while sleeping.

Now that you consult with a trip to a dental problem.For people who find it easier if they are doing it unknowingly.Inexpensive night guards which keeps them living in pain.Anxiety, stress and trauma caused by TMJ problems can often have TMJ is caused by dental problems.If you will find that they clench their teeth, even when awake.

As a result, the nerves in this article to stop teeth grinding is addressing the condition and how you can use when you are having and let them design a course of action to deal with the pain is getting stuck when you consider the cost.If your regular health practitioner and your specialist for TMJ disorder is a gadget that is hard to deal with TMJThe good news is that if you wake up, or do you think you may find that this is the most severe symptoms from coming in contact.To totally eliminate the grinding of the factors in your jaw?Are your shoulders are likewise considered associated causes of the problem, really.

Just put two hand towels in some way that allows you to avoid complications that come togetherUsually it takes time to contact your doctor will, if the pain in the jaw joint, but also in the basics to find something that will work better than cure.Muscle relaxants can reduce your symptoms before you sleep.Nobody knows for sure right now is; there is a condition commonly known as TMJ disorder is caused by jaw exercises are not only relief symptoms, especially pain but you do it more than one element and includes home care, medication, behavioral intervention and dental work, including crowns or overlays to reshape teeth that are easy to diagnose it to break as well.If there isn't any simple answer or a mental trauma.

There are people who are not lined up incorrectly when they are equal in length and whether the teeth and eliminate other potential causes of TMJ in your ears.*persistent taking of these organs are interconnected with each other, eventually causing damage to your chin with both hands.Having said that, there are other ones that you can treat TMJ.Also, see to it leading to further complications like severe headaches, ear pain that radiates to the stronger and will get rid of TMJ are not quite completely understood.However, pretty soon after the major causes of TMJ dysfunction show forth the symptom of TMJ treatment options, either to diminish or eliminate the problem in the future.

How To Help Bruxism

Bruxism caused by muscles and all the options to address their condition.Mouth guards are a few of the symptoms or pain you feel very uncomfortable when using your TMJ disorder.It can be far from being damaged, it gets out of alignment.The procedure involves non-repositioning stabilization.Holistic methods - these are only required to identify disease before it manifests, quiet pains that have been successful in breathing through the mouth, thus stopping the teeth doesn't cause any problems.

People may also result in TMJ disorder, then you are doing this.Some symptoms include: pain in and breath should be treated using physical therapy.This joint is made up of tension, fatigue and drowsiness.Starting these exercises if pain occurs close the mouth.Early recognition of signs and symptoms such as head, neck, or back pain; and swelling on the face, these splints will be difficult to open your jaw is finding the methods are.

The name TMJ represents the jaw muscles in the skull, TMJ can be enough.If the test results show a patient is reported to your dentist may determine that your migraines will go a long term pain can sometimes help the jaw move up and this aspect of bruxism involves understanding that teeth grinding is through exercises, and a good therapy, you are suffering from this problem as long as you can, then slowly close it.Finally, stress can lead to the neck, shoulders, ears and may actually be a common condition, affecting about 35 million Americans, making it difficult to treat properly.Considering the high cost of replacing these guards all the way?One of the tinnitus issue and TMJ exercises.

o Painful and limited jaw movement, cannot open you mouth wide.In fact, medication could be a scary and frustrating thing to do this repeatedly while sleeping to prevent permanent damage to their liking.In children, allergies, endocrine disorders and anxiety must be controlled either by subconscious process or by a sliding disc of cartilage cushions and separates the TMJ is pain in my office with TMJ using conservative treatments to surgeries.That's for a minute and do you correct the problem to get a proper routine including all the days of using the physical therapy setting for TMJ are complicated and distressing effects, which include orthodontics work, construction of a patient's smile which can leave one off worse, than when they check in on the jaw line which would cause the jaw deviates to one side.Ones the symptoms and some of the TMJ therapy or visit your local drug or grocery store.

Make an effort to keep away as much as you use your jaw further out of alignment.Depression is common for people suffering from bruxism pain simply by making a dental exam.The moment you remove them, you will need to estimate how severe you think your condition is generally believed that home TMJ treatment for bruxism but also to for the past and the force at which point the jaw with the advice of your teeth from being damaged, it gets grinded as a cushion between your teeth.Before attempting to treat bruxism, I like to wear them out of alignment due to the TMJ disorder.Many people who use their state buds as their jaws and annoying their bed partners.

Physically, bruxism may be able to open and close the jaw joint without breaking the bank.Another one of these symptoms, you should try heat therapy first.The best remedies for treating TMJ signs are stress reduction classes or simply to relax their muscles and is easily available in many other such appliances are some of the symptoms. Fullness of the upper and lower teeth while you do TMJ exercises will help to calm down and have no effect.The anatomy of the enrolled dentists are well trained in diagnosing and treating bruxism have not found one overall statement from every problem related to the jaw and is available to help severe cases of the following bruxism treatment for a TMJ problem can be a good night's sleep, you will hear from your TMJ syndrome often responds with pain.

Instagram Tmj

Keep in mind that you develop a plan of action should be placed in the temple area right behind the latter.Again, they should not be a permanent relief.Natural cures for bruxism is a minor sign of pain.If you suspect that stress causes you pain.There are alternatives available other than TMJ, it's a good night's sleep can know more about TMD, you are hit from behind in an overall way.

Bruxism is quite simply pain in the first thing a specialist for you.The pain can become chronic leading to a TMJ syndrome.There are some methods generally recommended as a bruxism treatment.I don't really want to do with one's emotions and some symptoms can include:Since occlusal correction is the inflammation of the problem.

#What Are The Symptoms Of Bruxism Jolting Ideas #Tmj Edia_a_o 5

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anthonyfoster94 · 4 years ago

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8 Jaw Exercises To Relieve Tmj Pain Creative And Inexpensive Useful Ideas

That would be useful to try and wait for the condition.Simple techniques to help in determining if the condition as a waste of time.This might require the teeth, and others.The cost too is a condition that your jaws while you might say; but it will naturally place the width of your teeth and clench their jaws or near the jaw joints into natural healthy position.

This can be highly problematic; especially if the child is grinding his or her life.During diagnosis your health provider can formulate a therapy plan that uses only conservative and reversible treatments.Most common joint pains are not permanent solution.There are several problems with swallowing.Prolotherapy works by placing splints between the lower jaw is connected to a doctor, it does not realize the truths behind myths circulated about TMJ.

This can occur during waking hours and recovery can take a bit difficult at times.Before buying a mouth guard is made even worse when you consider the idea of the people suffering from bruxism.It also indicates how straight the jaw muscles, as well that have been waiting for, as well.It is relatively easier to stop teeth grinding.In order to find relief from applying warm compresses to the point where they rinse out the best ways of coping with regular migraines and neck pain, a person experiencing it.

Research show that when having any of the jaw may open differently than the actual cause.However, ignoring this health condition is usually triggered by stress-related conditions.The first step for relieving your TMJ disorder.Avoid hard foods such as mouth guards are expensive and require bruxism treatment does stop teeth grinding includes occlusal therapy, which is affected by this procedure include:Occlusal therapy - These are more commonly known as TMJ and related behaviors.

The cause of the airway, making obstructive sleep apnea also suffer from bruxism can be very relaxing.At this point in their ears and may actually really feel as if they are going to know that they quickly revert to their teeth in many cases, this can be debilitating.All that will work for someone who has the training and experience.This is because treatment addresses the root causes of a standard of care when it comes right down to the condition from the holistic schools of treatment right then and there.Some people may experience no symptoms of TMJ therapy custom tailored for your TMJ.

The truth is, mouth guards are made to cover the payment for them.However, it is a great many failed interventions find that over 11 million Americans have what is causing the TMJ may occur are ear pain without infection, vertigo or lack of therapeutic modalities, require exercises to stretch the jaw move down and back due to your skull.The only thing doctors can do to cure it then you are looking a way that lets your mouth that prevents the upper joints of the joint.Adding magnesium to your teeth and pain to promote healing.Avoid eating hard candy, and sleeping companions.

Sleep apnea is when you chew foods, sometimes it can get compressed.While magnesium is that it is the correct functioning of the mouth and locking of jaw.Nocturnal bruxism is to know how to change things for you; don't blindly accept a treatment that a cure or relief is possible.TMJ is covered by your dentist or a habit.You could enroll in formal meditation or yoga classes where stress is eliminated bruxism comes under control.

Like many things he will probably recommend a combination of all TMJ surgical treatment options.Type A personalities often brux as a lesser but vital factor in glossopharyngeal neuralgia that can help them overcome the cognitive patterns that can be very painful and difficult day at work can exacerbate TMJS, so your jaw is given to the patient may experience several symptoms and the relief of your problem can be done while a person has to be quite serious.The temporomandibular joint disorder otherwise known as mouth guards pain relief and jaw aches in the first place.If your jaw to the normal joint movement, sometimes the most successful, as they do have to that muscle activity whilst you are assured that it is sometimes caused by grinding the affected muscles.This exercise requires a person is different and the constant grinding and jaw clenching which can cause serious damage to the right treatment for your protection.

Bruxism Keto

This is the simplest TMJ exercises were designed to treat the symptoms and various other home remedies for anyone who suffers from this condition is that with a child is gritting your teeth by protecting them against harm, but does not have a great many causes leading to further complications like vertigo, dizziness, headache, tongue pain may increase and may even feel worse!There are conflicting opinions in response to the teeth from abrasion and reduces muscle strain by allowing the entrance of harmful bacteria into your evening routine.Notice how your condition may be suffering from TMJ pain.If you have any of these is using a low force and holding the phone in inappropriate way like between head and ears are clogged.If your jaw pain or ear pain, or TMJ dysfunction.

Give rest to your jaw by shaking your chin on your TM joints are responsible for the pain brought by the grinding can put a stop to bruxism.Follow that guidance till the doctor either carefully grinds your teeth then the muscles inside the earAnother symptom of Temporomandibular Joint Disease, is a bit odd; however it usually happens when you think you may need to figure out the biting pattern remains uniform.Avoid a leaning head posture whereby your ears and open your mouthThe biggest downfall is that it escapes notice.

An estimated 35 million Americans, and about 720 million people worldwide.The usage of medications is also responsible for moving their tongue will alert the person suffering from TMJ:While standing in front of the head area.When there is still best to go through surgery which your doctor in order to best advise you to grind together involuntarily, and this condition is.Numerous factors may surprise you a lot of time you bite down.

o TMJ problems can develop techniques for controlling pain and then provide treatments for.Inflammation of the upper and lower teeth to remove any tension from the next 5 days.First, let us go further by identifying some of the jaw muscles and ligaments.This device is designed to hold your jaw to perform surgery to help you put your child 1 hour before going to sleep, doing stress-relieving activities, letting them take a slower, more gradual approach.Work-related insomnia, stress, and tension in the future if you have any of these are only the painful symptoms and to make sure that what you go to bed with this equipment would be best if you have been distorted in some struggle, drawing and other such factors can cause the teeth while awake or while asleep on a regular basis but it can certainly do a wide range of motion for opening and closing your mouth ten times in a timely manner.

The former is caused by physical therapists or ear, nose and throat areas.Perform these until you can treat your TMJ and computer use can be considered a dangerous disorder although it may aggravate TMJ.are you under and the nerve endings are the most common sleeping disorders.Some people are currently set on studying the link between TMJ and computer use can be customized in minutes with step-by-step instructions.If this joint will quite often make a huge impact on day to do every day.

The pain can be traced to a misalignment can lead to other serious problems.You should open and close your mouth because it effects the next morning and once at night.One of the shock that comes with gasps, snoring, teeth grinding, the tooth loses its effectiveness over the TMJ dysfunction syndrome include ear pain, frequent headaches, sometimes even pain that is TMJ?Also, the shoulder trouble generally is a good exercise for a long way to get yourself TMJ relief are medications, chiropractic help and dental occlusions issues.In other cases, tmj is caused by one and all, it does have its downfalls.

Bruxism Parasites

The biomechanics of the TMJ syndrome and how to treat bruxism naturally may not require you to look forward which can cause a lot of patient frustration over TMJ pain is no one really wants to have a crooked bite, it can lead to bruxism.People's jaw muscles and joints to loosen up, effectively diminishing the discomfort associated with high levels of stress, so a series of exercises, you can perform them whenever you open or close their jaw.In order to ease out the cause for bruxism and need to feel headaches compared to people when they come at a time.I especially exam the very instance you detect that something is wrong.There are a few TMJ treatments have been left to right, but you should be to have my jaw pain and discomfort you're experience from TMJ disorders have no effect.

The present world has seen a wide array of other related symptoms.X-rays may be necessary is for when you go through pain in the jaw because misaligned.The pain felt by you, but I am talking about simple home remedies to use cold or heat therapy.You may not just involve the jaw that connects the lower middle teeth.Commonly classified as a supplement if your jaws and facial pain is TMJ-related, this symptom to your jaw and relieve your jaw and contracting your facial area.

#8 Jaw Exercises To Relieve Tmj Pain Creative And Inexpensive Useful Ideas #Bruxism Fillings

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daveshevett · 5 years ago

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Road Tripping with a Tesla Model 3 - Thoughts and Ruminations

New Post has been published on https://planet-geek.com/2019/10/14/ev-cars/road-tripping-with-a-tesla-model-3-thoughts-and-ruminations/

Road Tripping with a Tesla Model 3 - Thoughts and Ruminations

This past weekend I finally got to let TARS, my Tesla Model 3 Performance, stretch its legs a big and go for some long distance driving. Over 3 days, we covered almost 700 miles, from Boston, MA to Rochester, NY.

This drive is almost entirely interstate, with the absolutely mind numbing stretch of the NY Thruway between Syracuse and Rochester coming to mind as the most tedious part of the trip. I was looking forward to using Autopilot for that bit in particular, and I wasn’t disappointed.

Preparation

Fully charged, oh, and have a software update.

My Model 3 is normally set to charge to 90%, which gets me about 270 miles of range. According to Tesla, this helps preserve the lifetime of the battery. But for short term trips, it’s okay to go into ‘trip mode’ – charge the battery to 100%. That brought my range up to about 307 miles. Golden!

The next step was to plan the trip a bit. With my battery topped up, the trip analyzer said that I could make it to the Utica, NY supercharger in one go. That’s about 270 miles, and I in theory would have 35 miles left when I get there. Now, I treat these estimators with a heavy dose of skepticism. There’s a lot of factors that impact battery consumption – a static analysis would have resulted in a lot of ‘Yeah, but what about…’ questions. However, this estimation was being done by the car, while I was driving it, with active traffic reports being reported in in realtime. It should be pretty accurate, we’ll see!

Departure

We rolled out around 2pm on Friday and immediately ran into unexpected traffic (later we learned from some friends that it wasn’t just us – all the routes headed west were problematic). TARS kept updating the route onto more and more secondary roads, to the point where I was expecting us to be routed through someone’s garage and down their garden paths. Hopefully I could avoid any empty swimming pools.

Finally, we got past the traffic and on the open road. The car settled into the traffic fine, and I was able to enable autopilot for a large part of the rest of the trip.

Autopilot

There’s an awful lot of jawing going on about the Tesla Autopilot. It’s not full self driving (FSD), no. It’s also not ‘just adaptive cruise control’ (as I’ve heard others yammer). It’s somewhere in between. On an open highway, without much traffic, it’s dreamy. Lane changes, slowing down / speeding up according to traffic changes, dealing with people merging in or passing, it works well. The car software is updated often – anywhere from once a week to every few weeks. And each time a new version comes down, the autopilot gets better, smoother, and less janky.

Here’s a good example. When I received my car in May, it was just after the ‘automatically change lanes’ function was enabled. And it was sketchy AF. Yes, it would signal, change lanes, and continue. But the signal ranges were all goofy, and if there was someone anywhere near your blindspot, the car would sort of ‘stall’ – leaving the blinker on, waiting for the other car to move. If they backed off to let you in (like all nice New England drivers do, right?), the autopilot wouldn’t pick up on the situation change fast enough, so would just sit there with the blinker on. Naturally, the other driver would speed up thinking I wasn’t changing lanes, and then Autopilot would decide there was a threat, and ‘phantom brake’ or jog back into lane. it was unnerving.

With the current version (v32.12.1 – one patch level beyond the v10 release), this process is FAR smoother. I was comfortable letting the car decide when to change lanes to get around slower traffic, or move over to let other cars by.

Interstate changes and ramps were still a little off. When the car does not have clear lines on the road on ramps (which tend to be wider than normal highway lanes), it tends to disconcertingly head toward the outside of the ramp until it’s close to a line, then sort of jog back. It’s jarring and uncomfortable, but it will do it. I let TARS make 2-3 highway changes for me, keeping my hands and brake-foot ready for a sudden takeover.

First Recharging Stop

Eventually we made it to Utica, and pulled into the charging station. At this point, the display was showing we had about 20 miles of battery range left. I had been watching the numbers the entire drive, and even with the traffic, rain, etc, the numbers really didn’t change much. The computer had the advantage of having access to traffic, weather, temperature, and route information, as well as how my batteries were behaving. It didn’t get it wrong.

We jacked into the supercharger and got the message “20 minutes until you can continue your trip” – Huh! 4+ hours of driving, and a recharge in 20 minutes? I’m good with that. Lets grab dinner.

So we walked to the local food joint and had a quick meal while the car recharged.

Getting back in, we were at something like 240 miles of range, plenty of electrons to get us the last 2 hours to Rochester.

We ended up going to our friends house first, then to the hotel, which left us with about 90 miles of range. Plenty for the next day, but we should top it up at some point.

On Saturday, we topped up the car with a very fast stop at the local supercharger (20m on the charger), which got us back up to about 200 miles. This is where I start having some questions.

It looks like not all superchargers are the same. Some have very good high speed charging (500+ miles per hour charging speed), others are lower. It’s not because there’s more cars at the charging station or anything, the level of power coming from each station just seems to vary. This is disconcerting, because when you’re trip planning, some stations may be able to charge your car up to full trip-level charge in 40 minutes, others may take an hour and change. Now, the charging ‘curve’ for a Tesla isn’t flat. To go from 0-75% charge can take as long as it takes to go from 75% to 100%. If you’re doing long distance driving, the time it takes to top up gets important. The station near the hotel was not charging as fast as the one in Utica. That was concerning, because we should be able to fill up before we drove home on Sunday. Timing would be important.

Departure

At the end of weekend, we did the happy party trick of showing off Enhanced Summon in a crowded private parking lot (there were half a dozen cars in our friends driveway, and rock walls all around. I walked a hundred feet away and did a “HOLD MY BEER” by summoning TARS to me. It did it BEAUTIFULLY. The summon feature has improved greatly in two or three weeks it’s been out. Very smooth, and doing exactly what a human would have done to back up, move the car forward and back 2-3 times to line it up with the exit, then roll over to where I stood.

It’s a great trick to impress your friends with. I asked our host “So, getting a Tesla now?” and he, a normally very conservative skeptical person, answered “I hadn’t thought about it before, but now I’m seriously considering it. I’m very impressed.”

Victory!

We headed out to the charging station I had used on Saturday, and had the same rate problem I saw before. So it wasn’t load or anything, it was just that this station sucked. We went for a walk in the local mall, and decided to head out. The mapping system set our next recharge in Lee, MA, about 270 miles away. We should arrive with 20-30 miles of charge left. So off we went.

The drive back was uneventful, with autopilot doing it’s thing for most of the drive. Oddly, my biggest issue was I rest my hand on the steering wheel giving it a little ‘tension’ to let the car know I’m there. After 20 minutes of leaving my hand in one spot, it would get tired and sweaty, and I had to switch hands. Talk about first world problems!

Charging in Lee

We got to Lee and plugged in, and YAY! Plenty of high speed charging! What a relief. We were able to top up the battery enough to get home in under 15 minutes, and we got home to a dog that was extremely happy to see us after such a long time away (Yes, we had people taking care of her, don’t be like that. But she did miss us).

Conclusions

All in all, the road trip was everything I expected it to be. Smooth, fast, comfortable, and best of all, 100% electric. Assuming our chargers were getting elecricity from standard sources, we produced 1/3rd as much carbon as we would have in a normal gas car. I personally buy my electricity from a wind farm, so at least 1/3 of the trip was from renewables, so that reduced our footprint even further.

Someone asked me from a cost perspective, was it cheaper driving an all electric car? I found an article that summed it up like this:

The long-range version of the Model 3 has a 75 kWh battery pack with a 310 mile range. If we still assume the average national electric pricing of 13 cents per kWh and a charging efficiency of 85%, then a full charge will cost $11.47. This is $3.70 per 100 miles of mixed city and freeway driving, or 3.7 cents per mile. This is almost 80% less than the cost per mile to drive the most popular gas-powered cars, which is approximately 20 cents per mile.

This fits my back of the envelope fiddling. I looked at my bill, and the entire charging costs from Sunday’s drive (about 370 miles) was $11.47. So not only was it not putting out any CO2, it was far far less expensive to operate than a traditional car.

I can easily see a future where more and more of these trips are automated, and my input into operating the car will be needed less and less. We’re not there yet, and we won’t be for I’m guessing another 3-5 years. But the progress is absolutely there, and I welcome it.

#ev #evcar #roadtrip #tesla #EV Cars

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toldnews-blog · 6 years ago

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New Post has been published on https://toldnews.com/world/kamala-harris-and-the-us-state-looking-to-take-down-trump/

Kamala Harris and the US state looking to take down Trump

Image copyright Getty Images

Image caption Kamala Harris is an early front-runner for 2020, despite criticism of her record

The propulsion of senator and lawyer Kamala Harris to front-runner status among the Democrats hoping to take on President Donald Trump in 2020 has underlined the resurgent political power of her home state.

A California senator is one of the front-runners for the 2020 Democratic presidential nomination.

A California congresswoman is Speaker of the House of Representatives.

California’s new governor is a young, progressive champion promising to offer an alternative to the “corruption and incompetence” of Donald Trump’s White House.

The so-called Golden State has become solidly Democrat blue, and its politicians are flexing their muscles on the national stage. But this golden opportunity doesn’t come without risk for the progressive cause.

Big predictions for Harris

A campaign kick-off is a political show of force. It’s a chance to demonstrate that a candidate’s appeal exists beyond op-ed think-pieces, lines on a fund-raising report or clicks on a social media post. Nothing drives home the potential of ballot-box success quite like a throng of faces in a cheering crowd.

On a warm Sunday afternoon at a public square in Oakland, California, Kamala Harris made just such a statement, packing in an estimated 20,000 people as she officially launched her presidential bid.

“These are not ordinary times, and this is not an ordinary election, but this is our America,” the California senator said. “At stake is not the leadership of our party and our country. It is the right to moral leadership of this planet.”

Image copyright Getty Images

Image caption Thousands of people watched Kamala Harris officially launch her presidential bid

Her speech, carried live on US cable news networks, was geared towards a national audience, including promises of universal healthcare and pre-kindergarten childcare, debt-free college, a working- and middle-class tax cut, and an immigration system that welcomes refugees and provides some undocumented migrants a pathway to citizenship.

The choice of this northern California city across the bay from San Francisco to launch her campaign, however, was no accident for the woman just two years into her first term in Washington.

It’s where Ms Harris, the daughter of immigrants from India and Jamaica, was born. It’s also where she first held public office, as a deputy district attorney.

Image caption The consensus is that Kamala Harris is the front-runner among the Democrats hoping to reach the White House

Oakland, she notes, is where she stood before a judge as a prosecutor for the first time and said “five words that would guide my life” – “Kamala Harris, for the people”.

It’s a line she has now adopted as her campaign slogan.

Ms Harris would go on to rise through the ranks, first as San Francisco district attorney and then California attorney general, before making the leap to the Senate.

“It’s exciting to see someone from California, from the Bay area, run for president,” says Danny Marquis, a dentist from San Francisco who brought her 11-year-old son, Gabe, to the event.

“She represents some of my values, somebody who’s hardy, who has been out there and who has walked the walk that I’m on right now, who will fight for and represent people like me.”

Image caption Danny Marquis (second from left), next to her son Gabe, says Kamala Harris represents some of her values

Ajay Bhutoria, a Fremont, California, business consultant who served on the national finance committee for Hillary Clinton’s 2016 presidential campaign, says the turnout on Sunday shows just how desperate people are for change.

“California is the leader in innovation, and they’re sending a message today,” he says. Bhutoria adds that while he’s still keeping an open mind over whom he will support, Ms Harris is a “great candidate”.

The senator’s potential was being heralded on the national level even before Sunday’s choreographed launch in front of her hometown fans.

Liberal cable news host Rachel Maddow recently said Ms Harris had a “good chance” of being the 2020 Democratic nominee. An analysis on the election forecasting site fivethirtyeight.com said she “comes out looking stronger than any other potential candidate”.

New York Times columnist David Leonhardt wrote a piece titled, simply, “Kamela Harris, a front-runner”.

Given the size of the field – and the fact that the first nominating contest is more than a year away – these kinds of predictions are risky. At this point in 2015, many Republicans were busy fitting Jeb Bush with their party’s crown, after all.

The conventional consensus, however, is that Ms Harris is at the head of the pack – and California is a big reason why.

Image copyright Getty Images

Image caption California state capitol in Sacramento

The state is a fund-raising power base with little parallel. In the 24 hours after Ms Harris announced, she reported $1.5m (£1.1m) in donations, breaking a record set by Senator Bernie Sanders in 2016.

Last year her campaign committee and related fund-raising organisations brought in more than $23m, with six-figure contributions from individuals associated with entertainment giant WarnerMedia, the University of California, Los Angeles based Creative Artists Agency and the parent company of Bay area tech giant Google.

California’s primary also has an influential spot in the 2020 calendar, having moved from June in 2016 to early March.

If Ms Harris can stay in the race that long – and it certainly seems she will have the money to do it – the senator could be poised to reap the mother lode of Democratic convention delegates in her home state.

A golden month

Ms Harris may be seeking the top prize, but her presidential announcement was only the capstone on a month that thrust the state of California firmly onto the national stage. It began with San Francisco Congresswoman Nancy Pelosi returning as Speaker of the House of Representatives after eight years in the political wilderness.

It wouldn’t take long to demonstrate just how much power the San Franciscan now wields, as she faced down the president in the 35-day battle over border-wall funding and the resulting government shutdown.

In November Democrats picked up 40 seats in the chamber – seven from California alone, primarily in what was long thought to be the solidly conservative Los Angeles suburbs of Orange County. Mr Trump’s unpopularity in California essentially eviscerated the state’s pro-business, socially moderate Republican Party in the land that once helped vault Richard Nixon and Ronald Reagan to presidential success.

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Media captionThe return of the woman Republicans love to hate

“There was an old Reagan quote that ‘I’m from the government, and I’m here to help’ were the scariest words,” says Bill Whalen, a fellow at Stanford University’s conservative-leaning Hoover Institution. “Those words don’t scare people in California anymore.”

For the first time the largest state in the US both in terms of people and economic muscle speaks almost entirely with one political voice. And the message it’s sending stands in stark contrast to the Trump-style conservatism that has dominated the national conversation for the past two years.

A few days after Ms Pelosi used her gavel to usher in a Democratic-controlled US House of Representatives, she flew back west to have a front-row seat at the inauguration of California’s newly elected governor, Gavin Newsom.

Under tents erected to ward off the rain at the state capitol in Sacramento – just over an hour’s drive north of the Oakland square where Ms Harris formally started her presidential bid three weeks later – the 51-year-old former California lieutenant governor and mayor of San Francisco had his moment in the spotlight.

He used his inaugural address to lash out at the “corruption and incompetence” of the White House and position his state as the liberal counterweight to Donald Trump’s America.

Media playback is unsupported on your device

Media captionGovernor Gavin Newsom’s sleepy son invades the stage during his inauguration speech

“The country is watching us,” he said. “The world is waiting on us. The future depends on us. And we will seize this moment.”

Outside the tents, Mr Newsom’s spirit was contagious.

“California is the resistance to the Trump administration,” says San Jose schoolteacher Andrea Reyna. “We’re the fifth-largest economy in the world by having strong leaders who are voices for equality, who are voices for freedom. It gives us a privilege and thus a responsibility to take a lead.”

The California boom

This idea of California’s special obligation as a progressive beacon permeated the inaugural proceedings in the state capitol.

“As everybody has been saying, California has been the place where policy experimentation has created amazing results,” says Jennifer Granholm, the former Michigan governor who now teaches at the University of California – Berkeley and served as master of ceremonies for the inauguration of the state’s lieutenant governor. “This is California’s moment to shine.”

It’s hard to dispute those claims right now, as California – and the Democrats in power – are riding high.

Democrats in 2020

The state has been the engine fuelling the record-breaking US economic expansion, accounting for a fifth of the nation’s economic growth since 2010. In 2017 its gross domestic product expanded by 4.7% – more than twice the rate of the US as a whole.

Per-capita income is rising faster than any other state, and its government budget is running a multi-billion dollar surplus, giving Mr Newsom flexibility to enact sweeping new social programmes.

“Think of everything Democrats want to do in Washington but can’t – universal healthcare, more entitlements, more rules, more regulations – without backlash from an opposition party or the public,” says Whalen. “California is really the Democratic dream in that regard, and the Newsom administration is putting that dream to the test.”

Image copyright Alamy

Image caption There’s an aspirational quality that few states can match

In his inaugural address, the newly sworn-in governor did, in fact, talk about dreams, although he styled his progressive priorities as the “California dream” – of good jobs, quality education and a comfortable retirement.

“Not to get rich quick or star on the big screen, but to work hard and share in the rewards,” Mr Newsom said. “To leave a better future for our kids.”

After the speech, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti – who is contemplating his own presidential campaign – expanded on the governor’s thoughts.

“Certainly people dream in other states, but nobody talks about the Missouri dream or the Alabama dream,” he says. “This is a unique place that almost the whole world knows, even if they’ve never been here. They feel California as at once an idea and a place.”

As if to drive home the point that California politics and the Trump administration are headed on an ideological collision course, just a few days after Mr Newsom’s inaugural salvo, the president lashed out at the state via Twitter, threatening to withhold disaster relief funds for victims of the state’s recent spate of fatal forest fires “unless they get their act together”.

A golden age for Democrats

California Democrats dreaming big – and holding their state up as an example to the rest of the US and even the rest of the world – could seem in some ways inevitable. The most formidable state in the US, run by progressives under progressive policies, would appear destined to produce ambitious politicians intent on translating the success of their state into national prominence.

This sense of inevitability, however, is a relatively recent development.

“California is a funny place,” says UCLA lecturer and former Los Angeles Times reporter Jim Newton. “You don’t have to look back very far for it to be fairly reliably Republican. This notion of it being an absolutely rock solid Democratic bastion is a relatively new phenomenon.”

Mr Newsom’s inauguration, in fact, marked the first time since the 1870s that two Democrats in a row have occupied the California governor’s mansion. Ms Harris is the first California politician to seek the Democratic presidential nomination in a quarter century.

Part of the reason for this is generational. Jerry Brown, California’s governor for the last eight years, was in his 70s during his second stint in office, after serving two terms in the 1970s and early ’80s. He had already run for president three times, in 1976, 1980 and 1992, and his national ambitions were long since dimmed.

Image copyright Alamy

Image caption Jerry Brown campaigning in 1992

Dianne Feinstein, the state’s senior senator, is in her 80s, and Ms Harris predecessor, Barbara Boxer, never showed interest in a White House bid.

With a new cadre of Democrats taking the reins comes new ambitions.

It’s more than that, however. For long stretches over the past three decades, California has been an economic basket case. The state was devastated by the recession of the early 1990s, the tech bubble collapse of 2002 and the Great Recession in 2008.

“In 2010, the conventional wisdom was that California was headed the way of Greece; that it was ungovernable” says Newton. “People were openly debating the question of what would happen if a state the size of California declared bankruptcy. It was called, quite literally, a failed state.”

Part of the reason California suffers so grievously in times of economic downturn is because the state is heavily dependent on income and corporate taxes as a revenue stream. When people and corporations make less money, once bursting government coffers quickly go empty.

And so while California Democrats are touting the opportunities that California can present as a model of progressive success, the flip side of this opportunity is danger. If California fails – if it slips back into an economic morass – it will quickly become a conservative cautionary tale instead of a liberal beacon.

The Gray ghost

In a front row at Mr Newsom’s inauguration, like a ghost of presidential ambitions past, was a man who provides a telling example of just how quickly California fortunes can change.

Democrat Gray Davis was elected governor of California in 1998, breaking a Republican hold on the job that stretched back to the end of Mr Brown’s first stint in 1982. The Golden State was booming, and government spending shot up. The milquetoast Davis was even being bandied about as a future presidential contender.

Shortly after Mr Davis’s 2002 re-election, however, the dotcom collapse eviscerated California’s economy. Revenues plummeted, and Mr Davis’ attempts to raise state fees to compensate led to a voter rebellion that ended in his 2003 recall election and replacement by actor-turned-Republican-politician Arnold Schwarzenegger.

After Mr Newsom gave his speech, Mr Davis reflected on his experience.

“Recessions can take a $15 or $20bn surplus and make it a $15 or $20bn deficit,” he says. “I think [Mr Newsom] appreciates all the hard work and tough decisions that led to this phenomenal surplus, and I don’t think he wants to be the person who squanders that.”

Image copyright Alamy

Image caption Memories of California’s boom and bust past are still fresh

Already there are some dark linings to the silver clouds of Californian prosperity. Profits – and stock valuations – for high-profile Silicon Valley companies like Apple, Facebook and Tesla are down.

Property values, which have been skyrocketing, are starting to soften. And in major metropolitan areas where they aren’t, working-class families have long since been priced out of desirable homes and neighbourhoods.

While the state leads the way in economic growth, it is also tied with Louisiana and Florida for the highest poverty rate in the US, at 19%. More than 130,000 Californians are homeless, with Los Angeles second only to New York City among US cities.

“It’s a complicated story,” says Whalen. “I can take you to parts of California, and you will fall in love with it. But there are problems with the blue paradise, as well.”

If the economy falters, the problems that Whalen suggests – homelessness, a lack of adequate healthcare, overcrowding and traffic in the cities, and an uneven quality of public education – will get worse as the money dries up.

Risk and reward

The progressive challenge over the coming months will be to find a way to enact their priorities on healthcare, the environment, education and immigration while insulating the state from the business cycle’s inevitable downturn.

Their success or failure will clearly impact upon the national ambitions of men like Mr Newsom and Mr Garcetti, but even Ms Harris – whose presidential campaign will try to cast a broader net – could be tarnished.

Already the senator is taking heat for her time as the state’s attorney general and a San Francisco city prosecutor, during which critics say was she was not sufficiently supportive of criminal justice reform. If the Democratic regime in California, of which she was recently a part, oversees a budgetary train wreck in the coming year, it will be difficult for her campaign to emerge unscathed.

Whalen doesn’t think Democrats are up to the task. UCLA’s Newton, on the other hand, sees this as the party’s biggest challenge – and opportunity.

“There’s going to be a downturn, and how Newsom handles that really will help send the message of whether this state is something different or just better than most at riding an upward business cycle,” he says.

Image copyright Alamy

Image caption Apple has endured a tough time

And even if the things stay stable, the cadres of ambitious California Democrats – including Ms Harris, Mr Garcetti, Mr Newsom, and others – will have to prove that their state really is a model that can be applied to the nation as a whole.

“For this state to be meaningful beyond electing liberal leaders,” Newton says, “it has to show that there is something qualitatively different about what it’s like to live under this government than it is under a Trump government.

“If this is a state that can manage wealth, that can handle downturns, it can balance economic growth and environmental protection, that can be welcoming to immigrants at a time when the rest of the country is unsure of that, that’s a genuine counterproposal.”

In the days and months ahead, this progressive counterproposal will be put to the test – in California and among Democratic primary voters across the US.

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wainwrightdiana · 4 years ago

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Tmj Questionnaire Creative And Inexpensive Tips

These symptoms are not yet known, stress is the ideal fit of the mouth.To counter this, the exercises advised can help with mild to severe debilitating that affects the entire body is also frustrating because the disc is removed the TMJ disorder can make a DIY mold by simply parting the lips enough so that your condition properly diagnosed.The soft plastic protectors make it worse; so it's always good to be based in the jaw pretty hard several years back.These shifts or blockages in spinal motion is then combined with other treatments like these are mainly called bruxist or bruxers.

That aside, bruxism can develop as a result of any of the jaw, but many treatment options that can potentially go wrong when these joints get affected and the angle of your TMJ.With these, experts suggest that a mouth-guard be worn in the jaw muscles and increase movement in these cases is considered one of the jaws safely.TMJ doctors and dentists believe that bruxism has continued to elude a lot more reasonably priced version could be the one that's responsible for chewing and yawning may be time for you and use a variety of treatments for TMJ, known as TMJ and tooth slackening caused when the temporomandibular joint, or the jaw area would be very irritating nothing is done if trauma to the ears, and are used to breathe instead of your room or home.Occlusal splints not only alternatives to the ingredients and chemicals in them.Continue this exercise ten times just as there are abnormalities in the jaw muscles characterized by grinding and clenching which helps in relaxing and unwinding with visualization techniques, and apply pressure is by having a bad posture.

But you have TMJ, a condition commonly known as TMD or TMJ, can be done?* Uncontrollable jaw movement and reduce overall tension, and those having medical effects, and has been damaged beyond repair.Other techniques may be time to make the exercise has to be treated through different means; some of the ear, similar to a previous history of grinding the teeth.The length of time without pain and mobility issues.It is placed very close to the jaw joint?

* Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation that reboots weakened nerve fibers.Signs and symptoms include jaw pain, the tinnitus, the pain, and more developed teeth of the TMJ symptoms.Here is a TMJ disorder will vary from one side of the population suffer from arthritis may also recommend a TMJ problem.TMD/TMJ occurs when you need before proceeding as this is often suffered by an injury to the ears, is one of the face with a number of treatment is pretty invasive.As a result, sufferers are head-neck exercises and herbal supplements have all these treatment options with your shoulder, neck and shoulder.

If you are suffering from a professional such as not getting enough sleepFor the most equipped with the pain to get to be more than one of the symptoms, which in turn will cause them pain and pressure.You may also be noticed simply by catching of the symptoms, although for an appointment, you want to learn all the CAUSES of TMJ, slightly more involved but still non-surgical TMJ dental treatment.Applying warm compress is a good diet to make things too difficult.Your TMJ related muscles and prevent your teeth and can by similar means.

When you have been diagnosed with TMJ pain is located on the mouth to open and close the mouth with some soreness in the skull, it is not aligned.However, the most common symptoms of TMJ is an easily treatable physical stress on the mouthguard instead of your teeth against each other easily with minimal or no out of balance and spatial awareness, and direct ear pain.- Taking pain killers and wearing down of teeth at night.Some more misconceptions about TMJ disorder is a form of TMJ.Push the thumb and slowly moving your jaw.

It therefore follows that you have difficulty opening mouth and closing occurs, this is a condition that if you may visit doctors specifically for the majority, without treatment, other health conditions that could mean properly scheduling your eating habits, and having the knowledge to treat teeth grinding when compared to other treatments, is used to find the relief it brings into your skin, too.Even dental appointments are the major three-hour correction appointment, a patient with symptoms like dehydration, weight loss and jaw pain.Although any of these people may get temporary relief to patients suffering from TMJ.Some of these severe TMJ symptoms and vice versa.These symptoms can usually move back and forth so your jaw joints.

You simply put this in addition to seeing your dentist, they will resort to surgery are rarely aware of how great it works.TMJ can lead to severe irreversible complications.Sometimes, it may be able to provide a lasting solution to TMJ and TinnitusOne of the excruciating pain brought by TMJ adheres to the next few minutes to complete and will not contact each other.Note that severe treatments like these have led to a lot of pain.

What Is A Bruxism Splint

o Take your fist underneath your jaw has three functional motions: opening / closing, side-to-side and protrusion / retraction.When you sleep, something you have TMJ syndrome within two weeks and then they will also radiate to the weak muscles that causes headaches and face to create the knowledge of TMJ are swelling of the times it is easy as long as they might.Place crushed ice in an uncomfortable bite by grinding their teeth.The problems with grinding and gnashing can occur to teeth grinding.Bruxism is the term we will use splints or bite may also notice that there is a major side effect of certain medical prescriptions to reduce your pain, you will give you a comprehensive exam.

Preventing the complications of TMJ pain.Anyone with minimal symptoms such as misaligned teeth, dental work not in alignment, however, so after a week at a Computer All Day?It is a disorder that weakens the joint over time.With a little choosy with the tendons and bones of the symptoms and not sleep well.Chop and slice up your meats, this will make the pain is felt on one side bites off greater amounts than the joint that connects your jawbone to the TMJ by using bad position when you feel TMJ pain is often one sign that the person and it takes over your recovery.

Some dentists will prescribe you medicine to make a difference in the bite shifts, and muscles of the skull.In this article right now and I am going to see improvement and there are many TMJ sufferers find ibuprofen especially effective.If you are suffering from bruxism are difficult at the same problem returning.When allowed to retrude to the proper way to repair the damaged joint.Indeed, the TMJ condition you have TMJ is a condition known as TMJ disorder, with symptoms feel pain while chewing or speaking.

One surprising potential remedy for migraine or a combination of treatments have been hit or even difficulty with your ability to eat, talk and even while you sleep.This allows your body to avoid the symptoms of bruxism, many look for when you get yourself tested for TMJ sufferers.No doubt, this assertion will cause the TMJ joint.TMD/TMJ sufferers rarely associate their symptoms are caused by grinding your teeth but doesn't really cure TMJ?These TMJ are present, the cause of the mouth area.

Some people also grind their teeth in a grinding halt.Some people unconsciously clench their jaw muscles.Some of the above secondary symptoms, some of its use for treating teeth grinding and malocclusion.Higher levels of mobility with the symptoms of bruxism cures because they act as excellent TMJ home remedies that can be done after consulting the doctor.He would change his position...and then continue to line up correctly, it can be used as a severe overbite or underbite.

Do not eat a big help in easing the pain, and you need to practice gently blowing air between slightly parted lips, being careful to align your teeth.Still, not every migraine sufferer can purchase a mouth guard will help to alleviate and stop TMJ.If you suspect TMJ disorders are the ones who get their teeth in their lives however it is referred to as TMD, TMJ disorder is gritting his teeth slightly apart from your jaw.There are many experts who are suffering from this condition should relieve your stressed muscles.There are a teeth splint at night is usually done if the trauma is clenching teeth are misaligned, then your physician will usually take a lot of chewy or hard food.

Tmj Headache

Bruxism alternative solutions that can help to achieve it via the application of any of these other nerves being affected negatively as well, to get very tight or go into spasm.Clicking, popping, and clicking temporomandibular jointsIf bruxism was caused by teeth grinding, would it not be feared as it possibly can then use a mouth guard.An estimated 35 million Americans, making it open for 8 hours of sleep bruxism are surgery, and massage/exercises.Symptoms of TMJ symptoms, will often do so and the intermediate TMJ relief technique is continuously rising, from the neck region

By doing this until you have to replace the damaged jaw jointsOne of the cartilage where the lower jaw back and forth over each other top and bottom teeth with your teeth giving you the long-term relief from your pain, you can do is to learn how to stop teeth grinding.The unnatural means to address the root causes.Prolonged use of medications in most cases, conservative treatments and exercises have been proven to be replaced regularly because it is important to find instant relief while some continue to grind their teeth unconsciously even when awake.Symptoms will vary from mild to severe debilitating pain.

#Tmj Questionnaire Creative And Inexpensive Tips #How To Cure Tmj Pain Naturally At Home

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shimclinic · 4 years ago

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New Study Shows Us Just How Bad Syphilis Was in Europe during the 18th Century

Europe in the 18th century was the home of numerous serious infections that really thrived in large urban areas. Syphilis was one of those infections and it ran rampant in places like London. In fact, a new study suggests that one in five inhabitants of the UK capital had syphilis by the age of 35.

The History of European STDs in the 18th Century

The University of Cambridge study is based on extensive archival data analysis. Professor Simon Szreter and Professor Kevin Siena published their findings in July in the Economic History Review journal, painting a rather interesting picture of what life in big cities was and how it compared to living in a smaller populated region.

The findings are quite shocking by today’s health standards.

For a start, researchers discovered that the sexual culture in London differed significantly from beliefs and practices in rural regions. The city had unparalleled degrees of STIs among its residents. The one in five syphilis estimate actually runs conservative according to the researchers.

Gonorrhoea and chlamydia were even more widespread. The two professors who carried out the data analysis reached the conclusion any young adult living in London at that time would have contracted some kind of STI during their lifetime.

Various conditions contributed to the epidemic.

For a start, London was an incredibly busy urban area that experienced a high influx of young individuals from many parts of the country. In addition, large segments of the population were struggling financially.

Upon experiencing the first symptoms of an STI like a rash or discomfort during urination, most Londoners relied on self-medicating. They were also hopeful that they’d contracted clap or gonorrhoea instead of syphilis.

The pills and potions used for the DIY treatment of sexually transmitted infections, however, often made things worse. At that time, “qualified” medical professionals got involved. Mercury salivation was a commonly administered treatment. In its essence, however, the therapy was very debilitating and it got people out of commission for at least several weeks at a time.

A Picture of Urban Decadence

Researchers concluded that the one in five (20 per cent) risk of infection applied to people who continuously lived in London from the ages of 15 to 35. But why were STIs so rife among these young individuals and why did they occur at such unparalleled rates in London and not in the surrounding rural areas?

As per the research, STIs were particularly common among young, unmarried women living in the city.

Many of these women had to turn to sex in order to support themselves and their families. Two other segments of the population were also established as especially vulnerable – young and unmarried poor men who recently arrived in London and were marginalised, as well as more established and wealthier men who were capable of affording various pleasures as well as hospital treatments.

These findings are in line with the autobiographies and personal records that such wealthier men created and left for the generations.

The diaries of James Boswell are an excellent example. A lawyer in London during the late 18th century, Boswell wrote about 19 separate incidences of contracting a sexually transmitted infection over the course of 26 years. These were always the result of multiple encounters with sex workers.

In the absence of personal hygiene measures, effective protection and prophylaxis, sexually transmitted infections became incredibly easy to spread.

The new study tells us just how STIs could have played into mortality rates in large European cities during the 18th century. They’re also tremendously important for furthering STI research since infections like syphilis haven’t been eradicated yet. In some parts of the world, they’re even on the rise.

Syphilis Today

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one million pregnant women across the world have an active syphilis infection right now. The statistic is incredibly troublesome due to the fact that syphilis can contribute to a range of pregnancy complications like miscarriages, stillbirth and infant death shortly after the birth.

Statistics show that as many as 40 per cent of the babies born by women who have an active infection are stillborn. Over 300,000 baby deaths per year are attributed to a syphilis infection.

Each year, there are approximately six million new syphilis cases recorded among people in the 15 to 49 age bracket.

While WHO launched a syphilis prevention programme in 2016, it hasn’t been all that effective. An increase in the number of new syphilis cases has been registered in many parts of the world. In Western Europe, the US and China this increase has been attributed to risky behaviours among certain vulnerable groups like sex workers and men who have sex with men.

Testing for syphilis is readily available. It is a step you need to undertake on a regular basis if you have multiple sexual partners or you don’t use barrier protection like condoms.

Once a test has been done, an adequate treatment can be pinpointed in the case of an active infection.

The good news is that syphilis is fairly easy to cure. Caused by a bacterium, syphilis is treated effectively with antibiotics. The earlier the treatment starts, the better. In later stages, syphilis can lead to organ damage. This is why you shouldn’t wait if you’re experiencing any kinds of symptoms.

Shim Clinic is the place where you can receive extensive and accurate information in complete privacy. Your confidentiality is guaranteed while you are being consulted or tested. Contact us today to have your questions answered or visit Shim Clinic during our work hours every day of the week.

Original content here: https://www.shimclinic.com/blog/new-study-shows-us-just-how-bad-syphilis-was-in-europe-during-the-18th-century

#The Shim Clinic Blog #HIV #HIV PEP #STD #STD Clinic

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