#terahertz detectors

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Detecting hidden defects in materials using a single-pixel terahertz sensor

In the realm of engineering and material science, detecting hidden structures or defects within materials is crucial. Traditional terahertz imaging systems, which rely on the unique property of terahertz waves to penetrate visibly opaque materials, have been developed to reveal the internal structures of various materials of interest. This capability provides unprecedented advantages in numerous applications for industrial quality control, security screening, biomedicine, and defense. However, most existing terahertz imaging systems have limited throughput and bulky setups, and they need raster scanning to acquire images of the hidden features. To change this paradigm, researchers at UCLA Samueli School of Engineering and the California NanoSystems Institute developed a unique terahertz sensor that can rapidly detect hidden defects or objects within a target sample volume using a single-pixel spectroscopic terahertz detector.

Read more.

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

NASA to launch 8 scientific balloons from New Mexico

NASA's Scientific Balloon Program has kicked off its annual fall balloon campaign at the agency's balloon launch facility in Fort Sumner, New Mexico. Eight balloon flights carrying scientific experiments and technology demonstrations are scheduled to launch from mid-August through mid-October.

The flights will support 16 missions, including investigations in the fields of astrophysics, heliophysics, and atmospheric research.

"The annual Fort Sumner campaign is the cornerstone of the NASA Balloon Program operations," said Andrew Hamilton, acting chief of NASA's Balloon Program Office.

"Not only are we launching a large number of missions, but these flights set the foundation for follow-on missions from our long-duration launch facilities in Antarctica, New Zealand, and Sweden. The Fort Sumner campaign is also a strong focus for our student-based payloads and is an excellent training opportunity for our up-and-coming scientists and engineers."

Returning to the fall lineup is the EXCITE (Exoplanet Climate Infrared Telescope) mission led by Peter Nagler, principal investigator, NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. EXCITE features an astronomical telescope developed to study the atmospheric properties of Jupiter-type exoplanets from near space. EXCITE's launch was delayed during the 2023 campaign due to weather conditions.

"The whole EXCITE team is looking forward to our upcoming field campaign and launch opportunity from Fort Sumner," said Nagler. "We're bringing a more capable instrument than we did last year and are excited to prove EXCITE from North America before we bring it to the Antarctic for our future long-duration science flight."

Some additional missions scheduled to launch include:

Salter Test Flight: The test flight aims to verify system design and support several smaller payloads on the flight called piggyback missions.

HASP 1.0 (High-Altitude Student Platform): This platform supports up to 12 student payloads and assists in training the next generation of aerospace scientists and engineers. It is designed to flight test compact satellites, prototypes, and other small payloads.

HASP 2.0 (High-Altitude Student Platform 2): This engineering test flight of the upgraded gondola and systems for the HASP program aims to double the carrying capability of student payloads.

DR-TES (mini-Dilution Refrigerator and a Transition Edge Sensor): This flight will test a cooling system and a gamma-ray detector in a near-space environment.

TIM Test Flight (Terahertz Intensity Mapper): This experiment will study galaxy evolution and the history of cosmic star formation.

THAI-SPICE (Testbed for High-Acuity Imaging—Stable Photometry and Image-motion Compensation Experiment): The goal of this project is to build and demonstrate a fine-pointing system for stratospheric payloads with balloon-borne telescopes.

TinMan (Thermalized Neutron Measurement Experiment): This hand-launch mission features a 60-pound payload designed to help better understand how thermal neutrons may affect aircraft electronics.

An additional eight piggyback missions will ride along on flights to support science and technology development. Three of these piggyback missions are technology demonstrations led by the balloon program team at NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia. Their common goal is to enhance the capabilities of NASA balloon missions.

CASBa (Comprehensive Avionics System for Balloons) aims to upgrade the flight control systems for NASA balloon missions. DINGO (Dynamics INstrumentation for GOndolas) and SPARROW-5 (Sensor Package for Attitude, Rotation, and Relative Observable Winds—Five) are technology maturation projects designed to provide new sensing capabilities for NASA balloon missions.

Zero-pressure balloons, used in this campaign, are in thermal equilibrium with their surroundings as they fly. They maintain a zero-pressure differential with ducts that allow gas to escape to prevent an increase in pressure from inside the balloons as they rise above Earth's surface.

This zero-pressure design makes the balloons very robust and well-suited for short, domestic flights, such as those in this campaign. The loss of lift gas during the day-to-night cycle affects the balloon's altitude after repeated day-to-night cycles; however, this can be overcome by launching from the polar regions, such as Sweden or Antarctica, where the sun does not set on the balloon in the summer.

To follow the missions in the 2024 Fort Sumner fall campaign, visit NASA's Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility website for real-time updates of balloons' altitudes and locations during flight.

[petnews2day]

New Model for High-Power Terahertz Emissions from Laser Pulses

New Post has been published on https://petn.ws/HD4Z1

New Model for High-Power Terahertz Emissions from Laser Pulses

Due to a high increase in the development of new THz sources and detectors, the terahertz (THz) gap is being closed quickly. The accelerating electrons radiate coherent THz emissions continuously along the laser propagation direction, resulting in broadband multi-mJ THz radiation in the far field. Image Credit: by Taegyu Pak, Mohammad Rezaei-Pandari, Sang Beom Kim, Geonwoo […]

See full article at https://petn.ws/HD4Z1 #SmallPetsNews

[tushar38]

Terahertz Radiation System: Applications in Biomedical Imaging and Diagnosis

Terahertz Radiation System refers to a technology that operates in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, which lies between the microwave and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This system encompasses a variety of devices and techniques used to generate, detect, and utilize terahertz radiation, which ranges from 0.1 to 10 THz. Terahertz radiation is particularly notable for its ability to penetrate non-conductive materials, making it valuable for a wide range of applications in science, industry, and security.

One of the most significant applications of terahertz radiation systems is in imaging and spectroscopy. Terahertz imaging allows for non-destructive examination of materials, revealing information about their internal structure and composition. This capability is especially useful in fields such as materials science, where it aids in analyzing the properties of composites, coatings, and biological samples. In biomedical imaging, terahertz systems offer potential for early detection of diseases by providing high-resolution images of tissues and detecting changes at a molecular level. In security and safety applications, terahertz radiation systems have been increasingly adopted for screening and detection purposes. They can identify hidden objects, detect explosives, and assess the integrity of packages without physical contact. This non-invasive approach improves security measures in airports and other high-security areas while minimizing the risk to individuals. The field of telecommunications also benefits from terahertz technology. Terahertz radiation is capable of supporting extremely high data transfer rates, which can revolutionize wireless communication systems. Researchers are exploring its potential for ultra-fast wireless networks, which could significantly enhance internet speeds and bandwidth, paving the way for advancements in 5G and future communication technologies. Despite its promising applications, the development of terahertz radiation systems faces several challenges. The generation and detection of terahertz waves often require sophisticated equipment and materials, and the technology can be costly. Additionally, the propagation of terahertz radiation is affected by atmospheric absorption and scattering, which limits its effective range and performance in certain environments. Overcoming these obstacles involves advancing materials science, improving device efficiency, and integrating new techniques for better performance and cost-effectiveness. Recent advancements in terahertz technology have been driven by innovations in semiconductor materials, such as the development of high-performance terahertz sources and detectors. Techniques like terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and frequency-domain spectroscopy are enhancing the precision and capabilities of terahertz systems, enabling more detailed and accurate measurements. Looking ahead, the potential for terahertz radiation systems continues to expand. With ongoing research and technological progress, terahertz radiation could become integral to various industries, offering new solutions for medical diagnostics, security, telecommunications, and beyond. As the technology evolves, it promises to unlock new possibilities and drive significant advancements across multiple domains.

[boatarenttahoe]

Car Rack Market 2024: Emerging Trends, Major Driving Factors, Business Growth Opportunities

Car Rack Market provides in-depth analysis of the market state of Car Rack manufacturers, including best facts and figures, overview, definition, SWOT analysis, expert opinions, and the most current global developments. The research also calculates market size, price, revenue, cost structure, gross margin, sales, and market share, as well as forecasts and growth rates. The report assists in determining the revenue earned by the selling of this report and technology across different application areas.

Geographically, this report is segmented into several key regions, with sales, revenue, market share and growth Rate of Car Rack in these regions till the forecast period

North America

Middle East and Africa

Asia-Pacific

South America

Europe

Key Attentions of Car Rack Market Report:

The report offers a comprehensive and broad perspective on the global Car Rack Market.

The market statistics represented in different Car Rack segments offers complete industry picture.

Market growth drivers, challenges affecting the development of Car Rack are analyzed in detail.

The report will help in the analysis of major competitive market scenario, market dynamics of Car Rack.

Major stakeholders, key companies Car Rack, investment feasibility and new market entrants study is offered.

Development scope of Car Rack in each market segment is covered in this report. The macro and micro-economic factors affecting the Car Rack Market

Advancement is elaborated in this report. The upstream and downstream components of Car Rack and a comprehensive value chain are explained.

Browse More Details On This Report at @https://www.globalgrowthinsights.com/market-reports/car-rack-market-101465

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[jcmarchi]

Researchers Measure and Control Interactions Between Magnetic Ripples - Magnons - Using Lasers - Technology Org

New Post has been published on https://thedigitalinsider.com/researchers-measure-and-control-interactions-between-magnetic-ripples-magnons-using-lasers-technology-org/

Researchers Measure and Control Interactions Between Magnetic Ripples - Magnons - Using Lasers - Technology Org

One vision for the future of computing involves using ripples in magnetic fields — called magnons — as a basic mechanism. In this application, magnons would be comparable to electricity as the basis for electronics.

Illustration of the crystal structure of the yttrium alloy, with the red line at left representing the laser pulse in and the blue and green lines at right representing the two types of magnons created. Image credit: Edoardo Baldini/University of Texas at Austin

In conventional digital technologies, such magnonic systems are expected to be far faster than today’s technologies, from laptops and smartphones to telecommunications. In quantum computing, the advantages of magnonics could include not only quicker speeds but also more stable devices.

A recent study in the journal Nature Physics reports an early-stage discovery along the path to developing magnonic computers. The researchers caused two distinct types of ripples in the magnetic field of a thin plate of alloy, measured the results and showed that the magnons interacted in a nonlinear manner. “Nonlinear” refers to output that is not directly proportional to input — a necessity for any sort of computing application.

To date, most research in this area has focused on one type of magnon at a time, under relatively stable conditions described as equilibrium. Manipulating the magnons, as done in these studies, pushes the system out of equilibrium.

This is one of many investigations underway through a multiyear collaboration between theorists and experimentalists from multiple fields of science and engineering, including a second study that recently appeared in Nature Physics. The project, supported by government and private grantors, brings together researchers from UCLA, MIT, the University of Texas at Austin and the University of Tokyo in Japan.

“With our colleagues, we’ve started what I would call a campaign to spur progress in nonequilibrium physics,” said Prineha Narang, a co-author of the study and professor of physical sciences in UCLA College. “What we’ve done here fundamentally advances the understanding of nonequilibrium and nonlinear phenomena. And it could be a step toward computer memory using ultrafast phenomena that happen on the order of billionths of a second.”

One key technology behind these findings is an advanced technique for adding energy to and evaluating samples using lasers with frequencies in the terahertz range, which sits between the wavelengths of microwave and infrared radiation. Adopted from chemistry and medical imaging, the method is applied only rarely to study magnetic fields.

According to Narang, who is a member of the California NanoSystems Institute at UCLA, the use of terahertz lasers suggests potential synergy with a technology growing in maturity.

“Terahertz technology itself has reached the point where we can talk about a second technology that relies on it,” she said. “It makes sense to do this type of nonlinear control in a band where we have lasers and detectors that can be put on a chip. Now is the time to really push forward because we have both the technology and an interesting theoretical framework for looking at interactions among magnons.”

The researchers applied laser pulses to a 2-millimeter-thick plate made from a carefully chosen alloy containing yttrium, a metal found in LEDs and radar technology. In some experiments, a second terahertz laser was used in a coordinated way that paradoxically added energy but helped stabilize samples.

A magnetic field was applied to the yttrium in a specific fashion that allowed for only two types of magnon. The investigators were able to drive either type of magnon individually or both at the same time by rotating the sample to certain angles relative to the lasers. They were able to measure the interactions between the two types and found that they could cause nonlinear responses.

“Clearly demonstrating this nonlinear interaction would be important for any sort of application based on signal processing,” said co-author Jonathan Curtis, a UCLA postdoctoral researcher in the NarangLab. “Mixing signals like this could allow us to convert between different magnetic inputs and outputs, which is what you need for a device that relies on manipulating information magnetically.”

Narang said that trainees are vital to the current study, as well as the larger project.

“This is a really hard, multiyear endeavor with a lot of pieces,” she said. “What’s the right system and how do we go about working with it? How do we think about making predictions? How do we limit the system so it’s behaving as we want it to? We wouldn’t be able to do this without talented students and postdocs.”

The study includes MIT chemistry professor Keith Nelson and UT Austin physics professor Edoardo Baldini, along with the UCLA team led by Narang, which was supported by the Quantum Science Center, a Department of Energy National Quantum Information Science Research Center headquartered at Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

The study was primarily supported by the Department of Energy as well as the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science — all of which provide ongoing support for the collaboration.

Source: UCLA

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[spacenutspod]

NASA / Scott Battaion NASA’s Wallops Flight Facility C-130 aircraft, shown in this image from Oct. 28, 2023, delivered the agency’s Galactic/Extragalactic ULDB Spectroscopic Terahertz Observatory (GUSTO) payload to McMurdo Station, Antarctica. This was the first mission to Antarctica for the plane. The GUSTO mission, launching aboard a football-stadium-sized, zero-pressure scientific balloon in December 2023, will fly an Ultralong-Duration Balloon (ULDB) carrying a telescope with carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen emission line detectors. This unique combination of data will supply the spectral and spatial resolution information needed for the mission team to untangle the complexities of the cosmic material found between stars, and map out large sections of the plane of our Milky Way galaxy and the nearby galaxy known as the Large Magellanic Cloud. See more photos from the C-130’s voyage to Antarctica. Image Credit: NASA/Scott Battaion

[eurekadiario]

China utiliza 6G Terahertz para cazar submarinos estadounidenses

Los investigadores afirman que China ha probado el primer sistema de detección de submarinos del mundo basado en tecnología de comunicación de próxima generación. Un dispositivo experimental chino de terahercios identificó vibraciones superficiales extremadamente pequeñas producidas por una fuente de sonido de baja frecuencia en mar abierto. Los desarrolladores dijeron que ayudaría a identificar un submarino.

Foto de : Xinhua

Según el equipo del proyecto de la Universidad Nacional de Tecnología de Defensa, China ha probado el uso de 6G terahercios para cazar submarinos estadounidenses.

Los investigadores afirman que China ha probado el primer sistema de detección de submarinos del mundo basado en tecnología de comunicación de próxima generación.

Un dispositivo experimental chino de terahercios identificó vibraciones superficiales extremadamente pequeñas producidas por una fuente de sonido de baja frecuencia en mar abierto. Los desarrolladores dijeron que ayudaría a identificar un submarino. Foto de : Xinhua Según los expertos que participaron en el experimento, el dispositivo de terahercios detectó temblores superficiales increíblemente minúsculos causados por una fuente de sonido de baja frecuencia en mar abierto.

Estas ondas, de apenas 10 nanómetros de altura, estaban muy por debajo del umbral de detección de la tecnología actual.

Según los investigadores, rastrear y analizar estas ondas no sólo puede ayudar a localizar el submarino sino también recopilar información crucial, como la firma del ruido o el modelo del submarino.

Según el equipo del proyecto de la Universidad Nacional de Tecnología de Defensa, la tecnología "tendrá un potencial de aplicación significativo en la detección de embarcaciones submarinas y otras áreas". El 11 de agosto, su trabajo fue publicado en el Journal of Radars en idioma chino, revisado por pares.

Un rango de frecuencia entre la radiación de microondas y la infrarroja se llama terahercios. Para la sexta generación de tecnología de comunicación, o 6G, se ha sugerido la tecnología de terahercios como una solución potencial para ofrecer grandes velocidades de datos y una latencia mínima.

Además de transportar muchos más datos que los sistemas de comunicación actuales, las señales electromagnéticas de este rango también pueden recopilar datos ambientales. Por ejemplo, en varios aeropuertos de China se utilizan herramientas de detección de terahercios para encontrar objetos prohibidos escondidos debajo de la ropa de los pasajeros.

Hasta hace poco, era un desafío producir transmisiones potentes de terahercios, pero con los recientes aumentos en el gasto en 6G, investigadores en China y otras naciones han logrado avances que permiten el uso generalizado de la tecnología.

El equipo chino afirma que gracias a los avances, el detector submarino de terahercios podría llegar a ser lo suficientemente pequeño como para montarlo en un dron.

"Una pequeña plataforma de vehículo aéreo no tripulado (UAV) tiene la ventaja de una buena movilidad, un bajo coste y un despliegue flexible", dijeron en el documento.

Además, podría funcionar junto con otras técnicas para encontrar submarinos, como el láser, el radar de microondas o un detector de anomalías magnéticas (MAD).

"Como complemento a los métodos de detección existentes, puede proporcionar información importante para la detección e identificación de submarinos", añadieron.

El experimento se llevó a cabo, según la publicación, en un lugar no identificado en el Mar Amarillo, frente a la ciudad nororiental de Dalian, en un momento no especificado. Según su estudio, el tiempo era bueno en el momento de la prueba, pero las olas rompientes generaban muchas burbujas.

China está probando el cañón de bobina más grande del mundo, que puede disparar un objeto pesado que pesa más de 100 kilogramos (220 libras) a una velocidad de 700 kilómetros por hora (435 millas por hora) en menos de 0,05 segundos.

Para imitar el ruido submarino, los científicos militares utilizaron una fuente de sonido artificial. El detector submarino estaba montado en un brazo extendido de un barco de investigación y volado como un dron.

Según los investigadores, cuando un submarino se mueve rápidamente, "produce un ruido irradiado significativo que se propaga a la superficie del agua y excita la vibración de la superficie".

Cuando llega a la superficie, la perturbación es increíblemente débil. Anteriormente se creía imposible separarlo de las olas naturales del océano.

Según el estado del mar durante la prueba, el sensor de terahercios detectó ondas artificiales con una amplitud de entre 10 y 100 nanómetros.

El equipo se refirió al resultado como un milagro de hardware y software.

Era extremadamente sensible debido a la alta frecuencia de las vibraciones de terahercios. Los investigadores chinos afirman haber creado también el primer algoritmo de la historia que puede detectar con precisión olas oceánicas tan pequeñas como un nanómetro.

Afirmaron que la comunicación submarina podría utilizar el mismo método.

Para coordinar sus movimientos en una operación militar importante, ocasionalmente un avión amigo y un submarino necesitan hacer contacto. El capitán pudo cifrar información en vibraciones de la superficie que eran demasiado pequeñas para que las fuerzas enemigas las captaran.

"Al detectar señales de vibración superficial inducidas acústicamente, es posible invertir la información transmitida por fuentes de sonido submarinas", dijo el equipo.

La tecnología de terahercios "tiene una alta resolución de señal" para la comunicación entre medios, lo que sigue siendo una dificultad para las potencias navales, según los resultados de las pruebas en el mar, afirmaron.

Estudios separados de comunicación de corto alcance entre el agua y el aire también utilizaron la tecnología 6G y obtuvieron resultados exitosos, afirmaron.

[rohit890]

Terahertz Technology Market Business Growth, Emerging Trends, Opportunities, Share, Size, Demand Challenges and Forecast till 2031

Market Overview

The global terahertz technology market was valued at US$ 32.1 billion in 2021 and it is anticipated to grow up to US$ 189.8 billion by 2031, at a CAGR of 18.7% during the forecast period.

The terahertz ranges in the electromagnetic spectrum range between the microwaves and infrared spectrum, comprising the frequency of one million oscillations per second. Due to terahertz technology’s exceptional properties, terahertz radiation plays a crucial technology to be adopted in the future. This technology usually detects hidden explosives and drugs and recognizes which substances flow from the plastic pipe. The terahertz technology is proficient enough to monitor the layer thickness by visualizing material flaws in ceramics or plastic in a non-destructive manner. Due to its low energy characteristics, the terahertz radiation is non-hazardous for animals and humans. The Terahertz technology is usually integrated with scanners based on active and passive methods. In a passive method, the scanning is constrained to the natural terahertz radiation emitted through the human body. Similarly, the active method integrates an additional artificial radiation source through terahertz radiation. Thus, the system uses the discrepancy in the wavelength from the backscatter to recreate an image.

View Detailed Report Description: https://www.globalinsightservices.com/reports/terahertz-technology-market/

Market Dynamics

With the growing technological advancement across various industries, the demand for implementing terahertz technology across military & defense and the medical and healthcare sector is also boosting. The growing focus of the manufacturers on the development of terahertz (THz) sources, transmission or reflection, as well as detectors technologies, owing to increasing exploration of the“THz gap,” which lies between photonics and electronics. This technology is constantly being utilized in various applications such as chemistry, biomedicine, materials science, security screening, and communication. The exclusive properties of THz radiation are well-suited for medical and healthcare applications, particularly that it can stimulate low-frequency molecular vibrations. The propagation of THz radiation from biomolecule that produces spectral vibrational signature along the THz range is one of the important features of terahertz technology.

Similarly, THz imaging also comprises crucial advantages for tissue detection and distinguishing pathological and normal tissues. Thus, terahertz technology has wide applications across the medical and healthcare sectors. Similarly, the terahertz spectrum ranges are highly dependent on generating characteristics and detecting methods of the long wave’s side and infrared on the short wave edge range. The THz frequency range lies on the margin of the electronic world, where microwave and radio radiations are easily generated from electron-based devices and photonic world, where the applications of optical techniques are easy. The in-built potential benefits and advantages of the terahertz (THz) phenomenon, encompassing many aspects including THz imaging, sensing, and investigating material properties with the help of THz radiation, are boosting its application in defense and security sector.

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The key players studied in the global terahertz technology market are Acal BFi Nordic AB (Sweden), Advantest Corporation (Japan), HÜBNER Photonics (Germany), Luna Innovations Incorporated (US), Menlo Systems GmbH (Germany), Microtech Instruments (US), Terasense Group Inc. (US), TeraView Limited (UK), TOPTICA Photonics AG (Germany), and das-Nano, SL. (Spain).

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[tushar38]

Terahertz Radiation System: Safety and Health Implications

erahertz radiation, occupying the frequency range between 0.1 and 10 THz, represents a relatively unexplored portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. It lies between the microwave and infrared regions, and has garnered significant interest in recent years due to its unique properties and potential applications. Terahertz radiation systems are designed to harness these properties for various innovative uses, spanning across multiple fields such as medical imaging, security, communication, and material characterization.

One of the most promising applications of terahertz radiation systems is in the field of medical imaging. Unlike X-rays, terahertz waves are non-ionizing, making them safer for patients while still providing detailed images of tissues and other biological materials. This makes terahertz imaging particularly useful for detecting skin cancers and other superficial conditions without the risks associated with more traditional imaging techniques.

In security, terahertz radiation systems offer a powerful tool for non-invasive screening. They can penetrate clothing and other non-metallic materials, allowing for the detection of concealed weapons, explosives, and other contraband. Airports, government buildings, and other high-security areas can significantly benefit from the enhanced detection capabilities provided by terahertz systems, which offer a balance between thorough screening and safety.

The communication sector also stands to gain from advancements in terahertz technology. As the demand for faster and more efficient wireless communication continues to grow, terahertz frequencies could provide a solution. They have the potential to support extremely high data rates, much higher than current microwave and millimeter-wave technologies. This could revolutionize the way data is transmitted, leading to faster internet speeds and improved connectivity for a wide range of devices.

Material characterization is another area where terahertz radiation systems excel. They can be used to analyze the properties of various materials, including polymers, semiconductors, and biological samples. Terahertz waves can probe molecular vibrations and other phenomena that are not accessible with other types of radiation, offering insights into the composition and behavior of materials at a microscopic level.

Despite these promising applications, the development and implementation of terahertz radiation systems face several challenges. These include the need for more efficient sources and detectors, as well as the development of compact, cost-effective systems. However, ongoing research and technological advancements are steadily overcoming these obstacles, paving the way for terahertz radiation to become a cornerstone technology in many fields.

In summary, terahertz radiation systems hold immense potential to revolutionize various industries through their unique capabilities in imaging, security, communication, and material analysis. As research and development continue to advance, these systems are poised to play a critical role in the technological landscape of the future.

4o

[worldwideanalysis]

Rise in Aeronautical Applications of the Terahertz Technology for Quality and Volumetric Inspection

The terahertz (or T-ray) frequency range provide support in acquiring a better resolution for rendering quality image. T-rays are non-ionizing and possess the capability to penetrate through clothing, polyester, polyethylene, and various types of coverings including enclosures and covers that are made of various opaque materials that can selectively facilitate the absorption of water or opaque materials. Numerous materials that block IR and visible spectra, become transparent in the terahertz region. The last span of the terahertz frequency is 0.1 THz to 3 THz, under the whole electromagnetic spectrum. It is neither technologically nor commercially developed.

Terahertz technology is widely utilized in various sectors including security, food, pharmaceuticals, and even aeronautics. The non-destructive quality inspection facilitated by the terahertz waves makes it an emerging technology in the aviation industry. Various terahertz systems have been developed based on their specific application; either they are electronic or optical laser pulsed based facilitating the terahertz frequency from 0.1 THz to 10 THz facilitates the high-speed volume inspections with the determination of the high-resolution thickness.

In 2021, the terahertz technology market generated a revenue of $450.5 million, and it is projected to grow at a rate of 19.7% from 2021 to 2030, and reach a value of $2,272.7 million in 2030. Moreover, the terahertz emission is harmless for biological elements. Unlike X-rays, terahertz waves do not possess any ionizing radiation impact that makes them safe for humans, plants, and animals.  Numerous speculations have been made in the last few decades about terahertz technology, but no breakthroughs have been found. Numerous, T-rays devices require single-pixel detectors.

The terahertz technology is used to perform the quality inspection of the structural stability in the aviation sector. The terahertz technology allows the volumetric inspection of materials to detect the possible inclusions and major defects. A high degree of transparency is necessary for proper signal transmission. Moreover, the substrate-independent terahertz technology is utilized to measure the thickness of the coatings that protect composite structures.

Moreover, the terahertz technology application has increased over the years in astronomy, benefitting terrestrial remote sensing at 100 gigahertz and 1 terahertz frequency to capture the images of the planetary sources and interpret the observed THz light by the astrophysical sources.

In addition, terahertz wireless communication is widely used in rural and remote areas, where data access is difficult, and the rates are relatively high. In this scenario, the terahertz transmission becomes a crucial building block to mitigate the challenges with facilitation of the high-speed internet connectivity through the optical fibers’ wireless backhaul extension. Furthermore, the rise in the mobile and fixed users in the private sector and public sector will be requiring Gbit/s in a high capacity to facilitate the communication between two cell towers and remote radio heads.

Therefore, the increased efficiency in data access in the rural and remote areas facilitated by terahertz wireless communication leads to an increase in the use of terahertz technology.

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Researchers generate high-quality quantum light with modular waveguide device

Researchers developed a new waveguide optical parametric amplifier (OPA) module (pictured), which they combined with a specially designed photon detector to generate strongly nonclassical light that can be used for quantum experiments. Credit: Kan Takase, University of Tokyo

For the first time, researchers have successfully generated strongly nonclassical light using a modular waveguide-based light source. The achievement represents a crucial step toward creating faster and more practical optical quantum computers.

“Our goal is to dramatically improve information processing by developing faster quantum computers that can perform any type of computation without errors,” said research team member Kan Takase from the University of Tokyo. “Although there are several ways to create a quantum computer, light-based approaches are promising because the information processor can operate at room temperature and the computing scale can be easily expanded.”

In the Optica Publishing Group journal Optics Express, a multi-institutional team of researchers from Japan describe the waveguide optical parametric amplifier (OPA) module they created for quantum experiments. Combining this device with a specially designed photon detector allowed them to generate a state of light known as Schrödinger cat, which is a superposition of coherent states.

“Our method for generating quantum light can be used to increase the computing power of quantum computers and to make the information processer more compact,” said Takase. “Our approach outperforms conventional methods, and the modular waveguide OPA is easy to operate and integrate into quantum computers.”

Generating strongly nonclassical light

Continuous wave squeezed light is used to generate the various quantum states necessary to perform quantum computing. For the best computing performance, the squeezed light source must exhibit very low levels of light loss and be broadband, meaning it includes a wide range of frequencies.

“We want to increase the clock frequency of optical quantum computers, which can, in principle, achieve terahertz frequencies,” said Takase. “Higher clock frequencies enable faster execution of computational tasks and allow the delay lines in the optical circuits to be shortened. This makes optical quantum computers more compact while also making it easier to develop and stabilize the overall system.”

Researchers developed a new waveguide optical parametric amplifier (OPA) module, which they combined with a specially designed photon detector (pictured) to generate strongly nonclassical light that can be used for quantum experiments. Credit: Kan Takase, University of Tokyo

OPAs use nonlinear optical crystals to generate squeezed light, but conventional OPAs don’t generate the quantum light with the properties necessary for faster quantum computing. To overcome this challenge, researchers from the University of Tokyo and NTT Corporation developed an OPA based on a waveguide-type device that achieves high efficiency by confining light to a narrow crystal.

By carefully designing the waveguide and manufacturing it with precision processing, they were able to create an OPA device with much smaller propagation loss than conventional devices. It can also be modularized for use in various experiments with quantum technologies.

Designing the right detector

The OPA device was designed to create squeezed light at telecommunications wavelengths, a wavelength region that tends to exhibit low losses. To complete the system, researchers needed a high-performance photon detector that worked at telecom wavelengths. However, standard photon detectors based on semiconductors don’t meet the performance requirements for this application.

Thus, researchers from University of Tokyo and National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) developed a detector designed specifically for quantum optics. The new superconducting nanostrip photon detector (SNSPD) uses superconductivity technology to detect photons.

“We combined our new waveguide OPA with this photon detector to generate a highly non-classical—or quantum—state of light called Schrödinger cat,” said Takase. “Generating this state, which is difficult with conventional, low-efficiency waveguide OPAs, confirms the high performance of our waveguide OPA and opens the possibility of using this device for a wide range of quantum experiments.”

The researchers are now looking at how to combine high-speed measurement techniques with the new waveguide OPA to get closer to their goal of ultrafast optical quantum computing.

Tailored single photons: Optical control of photons as the key to new technologies

More information: Kan Takase et al, Generation of Schrödinger cat states with Wigner negativity using a continuous-wave low-loss waveguide optical parametric amplifier, Optics Express (2022). DOI: 10.1364/OE.454123

Citation: Researchers generate high-quality quantum light with modular waveguide device (2022, April 12) retrieved 13 April 2022 from https://phys.org/news/2022-04-high-quality-quantum-modular-waveguide-device.html

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