#t; sq camping

[nxtaconcept]

@storiesxtold asked: "Remember when I said ‘don’t jump in that’? That’s because that’s poison ivy.” (Emma for Regina SQ camping tiiiiime💜)

Regina glared at Emma, "Maybe instead of just saying don't, you tell me why." It wasn't like magic couldn't fix it, but she was annoyed that it happened in the first place.

[manessha545]

Chimantá Massif

Summit in Venezuela

Elevation: 2,698 m

The Chimantá Massif is a highly fragmented complex of tepuis in Bolívar state, Venezuela. The massif comprises around 11 tepuis and has a total summit area of 615 km2 (237 sq mi) and an estimated slope area of 915 km2 (353 sq mi). It is divided in two by the Río Tírica, with the northern section being both larger and higher.

The massif is notable for its high species richness and for its varied habitat types. It reaches an elevation of 2,698 metres (8,852 ft) on its highest peak, Murey-tepui (also known as Eruoda-tepui). The massif is situated entirely within the bounds of Canaima National Park. It hosts extensive cave systems, including the world's largest known quartzite cave, Cueva Charles Brewer, named after discoverer Charles Brewer-Carías. The processes behind their speleogenesis are the subject of some debate. The isolated southern peaks of Angasima-tepui and Upuigma-tepui are sometimes considered part of the Chimantá Massif

What is Tepuis

Kukenan Tepuy in Gran Sabana National Park, Venezuela. Photo taken from Tëk River Camp at 5:20 p.m. Tepuy height: 2700-2800 mts.

A tepui, or tepuy, is a table-top mountain or mesa found in South America, especially in Venezuela and western Guyana. The word tepui means "house of the gods" in the native tongue of the Pemon, the indigenous people who inhabit the Gran Sabana.

Area: 50,675 km2 (19,566 sq mi)

Biome: tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests

Protected: 37,658 km² (74%

Tepui - Wikipedia

Approximately one-third of the species occur nowhere else in the world. There are 115 such tabletop mountains in the Gran Sabana region in the south-east of Venezuela where the highest concentration of tepuis is found. The most famous among them is Mount Roraima.

Mount Roraima

View of the Venezuelan Amazon from the top of a tepui

View of Kukenan tepui from top of Mt. Roraima

Devil's Canyon in the Canaima National Park

The steep rock wall of Mount Roraima

Map of the Chimantá Massif showing sampling localities of Tepuihyla obscura sp. n. (in red, diamond represents the type locality), and localities from the literature (white circles, as T. edelcae or T. a. edelcae). 

Because tepuis stand high above the forest, Tepuis are home to some animal and plant species found nowhere else on Earth. About one-third of the vegetation found on the mountains is endemic. The tepuis host mammals on their lower slopes, including monkeys, jaguars, pumas, and sloths, and several bat species.

Venezuela’s Flat-Topped Mountains

Like many tepuis, Auyán contains extensive cave systems. In 2013, researchers discovered one of the longest quartzite cave systems in the world here. The Imawarì Yeuta caves contain three entrances, three rivers, and at least 22 kilometers (14 miles) of tunnels. Because they run through quartz sandstone, tepui caves are less susceptible to water erosion. They also form slowly—perhaps over tens of millions of years. Researchers have discovered new minerals and new species of bacteria and blind fish in other tepui caves across the region.

Venezuela’s Flat-Topped Mountains (nasa.gov)

Venezuela

Country in South America

Venezuela is a country on the northern coast of South America with diverse natural attractions. Along its Caribbean coast are tropical resort islands including Isla de Margarita and the Los Roques archipelago. To the northwest are the Andes Mountains and the colonial town of Mérida, a base for visiting Sierra Nevada National Park. Caracas, the capital, is to the north. 

Capital: Caracas

Currency: Venezuelan bolívar

Government: Presidential system, Federal republic

Continent: South America

Date of Independence: July 5, 1811

Population: 28.2 million (2021) World Bank

Official language: Spanish

Venezuela - Wikipedia

Tepui Chimanta, a sandstone table-mountain in the Chimanta Massif, rises abruptly from the rainforest of southern Venezuela.

[hockeymusicmore]

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[grillsadvisor]

Royal Gourmet GB8000 8-Burner Liquid Propane Event Gas Grill Review & Test

Today we delve into the heart of outdoor cooking with an in-depth review of the Royal Gourmet GB8000 8-Burner Liquid Propane Event Gas Grill. This beast isn't just a grill, but a versatile outdoor cooking station designed for those who take their BBQ seriously. With its eight burners, massive 950 sq. in. cooking surface, and a host of other enticing features, it's a grill that promises to transform your backyard cooking.  Royal Gourmet GB8000 8-Burner Liquid Propane Event Gas Grill Features Experience with Ignition and Cooking Power As a dedicated grilling enthusiast, I can attest to the importance of reliable ignition when it comes to the grilling experience. The Royal Gourmet GB8000 stands out in this regard with its electronic ignition system. With just a push, it provides a reliable spark every time, leading to hassle-free and safe starts. Its cooking power is also impressive. The grill features 8 stainless steel tube burners each offering 13,000 BTU, totaling an impressive 104,000 BTU. With two sets of regulators included in the supporting gas system, this grill ensures a stable, even flame, providing consistently cooked, flavorful food. Spacious Cooking and Workspace With the Royal Gourmet GB8000, running out of space while grilling is never a concern. The grill offers an extensive cooking surface of 950 sq. in., large enough to grill more than 60 burgers or 120 hot dogs simultaneously. Perfect for large gatherings, it helps you keep up with demand and minimize waiting times for guests. Besides the generous cooking surface, it also includes 2 folding side tables, providing additional preparation and workspace. This makes handling and managing ingredients a breeze, improving the overall efficiency of your grilling experience. Easy Cleaning and Maintenance Keeping your grill clean and well-maintained is essential for its longevity and performance. The Royal Gourmet GB8000 comes equipped with 2 large-capacity grease cups located underneath the firebox. These cups help to extend the grilling duration by collecting grease and reducing the likelihood of flare-ups. Additionally, the grill includes a draw-out oil catch pan. This feature simplifies the cleaning process significantly, as you can easily remove and empty the pan without having to move or tilt the entire grill. Mobility and Durability One aspect of the Royal Gourmet GB8000 that adds convenience is its mobility. The grill features a heavy-duty storage space cart with four lockable caster wheels, allowing easy movement around your backyard or patio. Durability is another key strength of this grill. Its construction boasts a thickened and bold frame design that ensures increased stability and durability, standing up to weather and the elements. This robust build quality ensures that the grill can serve you for many seasons of grilling enjoyment. A Versatile Grill for Every Occasion Whether it's a picnic, tailgate party, or backyard feast, the Royal Gourmet GB8000 is designed to handle any event. Its large cooking surface, ample storage space, and easy mobility make it an excellent choice for both personal and commercial use. Despite the high BTU, some might expect it to be hotter on the high setting. Nevertheless, it still proves to be an excellent grill that stands out for its performance, versatility, and durability. Final Thoughts Whether you're seeking the perfect grill for your backyard barbecues or a compact option for camping trips, we've got you covered! Here at GrillsAdvisor, we've taken the time to compile comprehensive guides on various grill types to help you find the one that fits your needs: - Best 2 Burner Gas Grill: Ideal for those with smaller outdoor spaces or for grillers who value simplicity without sacrificing power. - Best Built-in Grill: Transform your patio or outdoor kitchen with our top picks for built-in grills, offering professional-grade grilling at home. - Best Flat Top Griddles: Craving a diner-style breakfast outdoors? Check out our guide on the best flat-top griddles. - Best Gas and Charcoal Grill: Can't decide between gas and charcoal? Why not have both? Find your perfect hybrid grill here. - The Top Kamado Charcoal Grill: Experience the heat efficiency, versatility, and superior flavor of our top-rated Kamado charcoal grills. Let GrillsAdvisor be your reliable source in navigating the world of grills and outdoor cooking! Read the full article

[thecreaturecodex]

Hodag

Image © Rodd Umlauf, accessed at LitHub here

[I hear you saying, “there’s already a hodag in Pathfinder! It’s been around since Kingmaker!” This is true, but it’s my blog and I can do what I want. This is another example of an “If I Ran the Zoo” monster, where I have an Opinion. Namely, that Pathfinder’s hodag isn’t hodag-y enough. The monster, like many Fearsome Critter adjacent monsters, does have a somewhat variable appearance. But the scaly, spiked, reptilian hodag in Pathfinder isn’t very much like the original Rhineland, WI version, as masterminded by civic minded hoaxer Eugene Shepard.

Not so say I haven’t incorporated other bits of lore from other sources for my version. My hodag’s origin is based off of the lore from The Hodag and Other Tales of the Logging Camps that they are born from the ashes of burned oxen, and I took the taste for porcupines from William T. Cox. Of course, since there’s tons of weird and wild fearsome critters about, there’s definitely room for both this monster and the official Pathfinder hodag in your games. Just call one of them a whangdoodle, gyascutus or kangakee, or any other ill-defined Fearsome Critter name.]

Hodag CR 6 N Magical Beast This shaggy creature is covered in a greasy coat of gray-green fur, and stinks like burnt feathers. It has a pair of curving horns, tusks in its mouth, clawed feet and a row of spines running down its back.

Hodags are avengers of the lumberwoods, created through magic in order to protect animals and plants. Hodags do not reproduce sexually; instead they are reincarnated from an animal killed through abuse or neglect by humanoids. A hodag can speak with animals, and uses this ability to find cruel poachers, those that torture animals or loggers who cut down trees unsustainably. These people they hunt and kill. A hodag is typically friendly with druids in their territory, but distrust most other humanoids and have a tendency to assume the worst of them.

A hodag will launch itself into combat with fervor, attacking with its many natural weapons and trusting to its magical defenses to protect itself from attack. A creature carrying a magic weapon and capable of harming it is likely to become its target if attacking a group. Hodags are omnivorous, with a fondness for turtles, porcupines and other well-defended fare. They need lots of calcium to support their horns and spikes, and so can be found chewing on bones or even limestone.

Because of their rarity, their monstrous appearance and their active targeting of humanoids, hodags tend to be legendary in regions where they dwell. Many outsiders think hodags are nothing but fiction, which is reinforced by hucksters using the name to gussy up taxidermy hoaxes or carnival sideshows. In some areas, the word “hodag” is used for any belligerent monstrous predator, regardless of shape, form or behavior. True hodags’ tears crystallize into pearl-like semiprecious stones, and the beasts dislike the juice of lemons or other citrus.

Hodag               CR 6 XP 2,400 N Medium magical beast Init +3; Senses darkvision 60 ft., low-light vision, Perception +6, scent Aura stench (10 ft., Fort DC 16, 1 minute) Defense AC 17, touch 12, flat-footed 15 (+2 Dex, +5 natural) hp 68 (8d10+16) Fort +8, Ref +8, Will +5 DR 10/magic; Resist cold 10 Offense Speed 30 ft. Melee bite +11 (1d6+3), 2 claws +11 (1d4+3), gore +11 (1d6+3), tail slap +9 (2d4+1) Special Attacks blood rage, thagomizer Statistics Str 16, Dex 14, Con 15, Int 7, Wis 12, Cha 10 Base Atk +8; CMB +11; CMD 23 (27 vs. trip) Feats Improved Iron Will, Iron Will, Multiattack, Power Attack Skills Climb +12, Perception +6, Stealth +8, Swim +12; Racial Modifiers +4 Climb, +4 Swim Languages Sylvan (cannot speak), speak with animals SQ trackless Ecology Environment cold and temperate forests Organization solitary, pair or vendetta (3-6) Treasure incidental Special Abilities Speak With Animals (Su) A hodag can speak with animals, as the spell, at will as a supernatural ability. A hodag can speak with another creature that casts speak with animals to communicate. Thagomizer (Ex) A hodag’s tail slap attack deals piercing and bludgeoning damage. Trackless (Ex) A hodag takes special care to sweep its tail behind it, increasing the DC to track a hodag by 10.

[olympianpandback]

April 12 - 15

We got out of Roswell fairly early and headed to White Sands National Park near Holloman Air Force base. We decided to see if they had a spot at the RV park on base. They did but we had to register with the public health officer on base to verify that we had gotten our COVID 19 shots. The Tech sergeant that worked with us was very helpful and we got the paperwork completed on the phone which he forwarded to the visitor center where we had to pick up our pass. We got to the base visitor center and it was a seamless process. It turns out we are both in the Air Force computer system. It’s scary that we are, but makes getting on Air Force bases much easier. Let’s see what happens in California!  I'm good to get on base anytime with my ID card and Elizabeth has to get daily or a certain number of days Pass. The campground was very nice with very clean bathrooms and a free laundromat because they are planning an upgrade to larger machines, yea.  We checked in and went back to the White Sands National Park to look around. It is an absolutely beautiful place. It’s the largest gypsum area in the world over 200000 acres (275 sq. miles). We took a one-mile walk that has descriptors of the wildlife and how they survive. The definitions and descriptions were very detailed and interesting how animal and insect life survives and thrives in a desert environment. It was difficult to walk certain parts but if you knew to get all the beaten track and walk on the hardpacked sand that the wind had blown flat, it was easier.  It was pretty warm and of course dry but we hydrated before we left and had a relatively easy walk. The signs weren’t clear about which direction start so we ended up going backwards. I've always been a contrarian by nature and that didn't bother me at all. We met people coming in the opposite direction, just smiled and kept going. There was a different 600' boardwalk further on with easy walking with more descriptions of how the white sand developed. It turns out that there is moisture only 3' deep according to the signs. We kept driving into the park for a couple of miles until we came to the end of the pavement and turned around because the RV doesn't do well on washboard roads even though the sand was well compacted. We decided turn around and head back to camp. We had an uneventful evening with really good sleeping weather in the high forties to mid-fifties and dry, so dry. During our walk in the morning around the campground we bumped into a woman who had a German accent. I asked her where she was from and she said Illinois. I said where were you born. She said Berlin. We had a nice 30 minute conversation in German, mostl,y so I could practice my German. Marion is a very nice lady and we promised to give her some information about the windows in our house. She may want to upgrade her windows because it is so hard to clean them. That’s what we like about traveling, you meet some of the most interesting people.

April 14

Before we left the Air Force base in the morning and we went to buy some military T-shirts for Nunzio. We decided to go to the commissary to look around. Much to our surprise, we found real German bread from a bakery in El Paso. They had 2 of my favorites, farmers bread and Roggen brot (Rye bread). We snagged a loaf of each and now are trying to figure out how to preserve them for a couple of weeks. We were able to freeze most of the farmers bread and we will be eating ham and cheese on German bread for a couple of days for sure. The refrigerator is starting to get cleared out because we are using what we had there when we left home. On our way to Silver City, we saw something called Dripping Springs National Monument. We decided to take a side trip to look around and ended up taking a 1.5 mile hike up the mountain to see the Dripping Springs area. In the past there had been a hotel and Sanitorium there. It was a pretty strenuous hike but we made it along with couple of other crazy people to see water dripping out of a rock in some abandoned buildings. You will see the pictures below this narrative. We then headed towards Silver City knowing we wouldn’t get there until dinner time so we called ahead and booked two nights at an RV park near downtown. It is a very nice campground and we got a place right across from the bathhouse. We don’t always use full hookups because is too much trouble for 1 or 2 nights especially when we have to disconnect to go sightseeing.

April 15, 2021 we left the campground about 10 o’clock to drive the Cliff dwellings along the trail of the ancients byway. It took us an hour and a half to drive 45 miles because the road was very curvy and crossed the continental divide at 6900 feet. Along the way we ran into the couple we met in Albuquerque again for the third time and had a small chat as they were leaving the pictograph site. We asked if they were staying at the passport America campground and they were not. They ask if we thought the passport America pass was worth it. We said we paid for our annual fee in the first 4 camp sites. We agreed to sponsor them so they can get 6 more months on a regular subscription we will get 6 more months on our current stupid gin plus a $10 rebate. The walk up to the Cliff dwellings was fairly easy except for the 185 feet stairway section which was like climbing an 18 story building. We could not enter the Cliff dwellings, allegedly because of spring break which created spike in COVID 19 cases in New Mexico. I think it was a cop out to keep people out. The brochure says there are 42 rooms that YOU can walk through and investigate in normal times. Oh well, you have to adapt and adjust in this time frame. Before we started our trip to the cliff dwellings, we met a couple who had shipped RV over from Stuttgart to Argentina to start a world tour, probably more a South American in North American tour. They drove along the coast and west of South America all way up to Costa Rica until COVID hit. They were stuck for 5 months in Costa Rica. They shipped their RV to Florida’s east coast and began a journey around America before heading to Alaska via Canada, oops COVID.  The RV can stay in America for a year, but they have to leave after 180 days. They cannot get a waiver and there is no other country they can go to for one day. Ironically, they got one of the lottery passes to the wave rock formation in Arizona last year. We know people who have been trying for 10 years to get a pass to walk up to the Wave formation in Arizona. When we get closer, we may try to win the lottery using the formula that they used by registering for Saturday Sunday and Monday where they had 3 lottery drawings. Hey only 1% of people get to go there and we’d like to be in that group. We drove down from the mountain and did the rest of the loop trail of the ancients past Lake Roberts where we stopped for coffee and back to our campground before cocktail hour. That’s all folks through April the 15th.

[emilyh]

Rape, torture and human experiments. Sayragul Sauytbay offers firsthand testimony from a Xinjiang 'reeducation' camp

“In November 2017, I was ordered to report to an address in the city’s suburbs, to leave a message at a phone number I had been given and to wait for the police.” After Sauytbay arrived at the designated place and left the message, four armed men in uniform arrived, again covered her head and bundled her into a vehicle. After an hour’s journey, she arrived in an unfamiliar place that she soon learned was a “reeducation” camp, which would become her prison in the months that followed. She was told she had been brought there in order to teach Chinese and was immediately made to sign a document that set forth her duties and the camp’s rules.

“I was very much afraid to sign,” Sauytbay recalls. “It said there that if I did not fulfill my task, or if I did not obey the rules, I would get the death penalty. The document stated that it was forbidden to speak with the prisoners, forbidden to laugh, forbidden to cry and forbidden to answer questions from anyone. I signed because I had no choice, and then I received a uniform and was taken to a tiny bedroom with a concrete bed and a thin plastic mattress. There were five cameras on the ceiling – one in each corner and another one in the middle.”

The other inmates, those who weren’t burdened with teaching duties, endured more stringent conditions. “There were almost 20 people in a room of 16 square meters [172 sq. ft.],” she says. “There were cameras in their rooms, too, and also in the corridor. Each room had a plastic bucket for a toilet. Every prisoner was given two minutes a day to use the toilet, and the bucket was emptied only once a day. If it filled up, you had to wait until the next day. The prisoners wore uniforms and their heads were shaved. Their hands and feet were shackled all day, except when they had to write. Even in sleep they were shackled, and they were required to sleep on their right side – anyone who turned over was punished.”

Sauytbay had to teach the prisoners – who were Uyghur or Kazakh speakers – Chinese and Communist Party propaganda songs. She was with them throughout the day. The daily routine began at 6 A.M. Chinese instruction took place after a paltry breakfast, followed by repetition and rote learning. There were specified hours for learning propaganda songs and reciting slogans from posters: “I love China,” “Thank you to the Communist Party,” “I am Chinese” and “I love Xi Jinping” – China’s president.

The afternoon and evening hours were devoted to confessions of crimes and moral offenses. “Between 4 and 6 P.M. the pupils had to think about their sins. Almost everything could be considered a sin, from observing religious practices and not knowing the Chinese language or culture, to immoral behavior. Inmates who did not think of sins that were severe enough or didn’t make up something were punished.”

After supper, they would continue dealing with their sins. “When the pupils finished eating they were required to stand facing the wall with their hands raised and think about their crimes again. At 10 o’clock, they had two hours for writing down their sins and handing in the pages to those in charge. The daily routine actually went on until midnight, and sometimes the prisoners were assigned guard duty at night. The others could sleep from midnight until six.”

The camp’s commanders set aside a room for torture, Sauytbay relates, which the inmates dubbed the “black room” because it was forbidden to talk about it explicitly. “There were all kinds of tortures there. Some prisoners were hung on the wall and beaten with electrified truncheons. There were prisoners who were made to sit on a chair of nails. I saw people return from that room covered in blood. Some came back without fingernails.”

Why were people tortured?

“They would punish inmates for everything. Anyone who didn’t follow the rules was punished. Those who didn’t learn Chinese properly or who didn’t sing the songs were also punished.”

And everyday things like these were punished with torture?

“I will give you an example. There was an old woman in the camp who had been a shepherd before she was arrested. She was taken to the camp because she was accused of speaking with someone from abroad by phone. This was a woman who not only did not have a phone, she didn’t even know how to use one. On the page of sins the inmates were forced to fill out, she wrote that the call she had been accused of making never took place. In response she was immediately punished. I saw her when she returned. She was covered with blood, she had no fingernails and her skin was flayed.”

[hakesbros]

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[lovemymaltese]

Check out this listing I just added to my Poshmark closet: NWT Picnic Time XL Blanket Tote.

[grillsadvisor]

Royal Gourmet GB8000 8-Burner Liquid Propane Event Gas Grill Review & Test

Today we delve into the heart of outdoor cooking with an in-depth review of the Royal Gourmet GB8000 8-Burner Liquid Propane Event Gas Grill. This beast isn't just a grill, but a versatile outdoor cooking station designed for those who take their BBQ seriously. With its eight burners, massive 950 sq. in. cooking surface, and a host of other enticing features, it's a grill that promises to transform your backyard cooking.  Royal Gourmet GB8000 8-Burner Liquid Propane Event Gas Grill Features Experience with Ignition and Cooking Power As a dedicated grilling enthusiast, I can attest to the importance of reliable ignition when it comes to the grilling experience. The Royal Gourmet GB8000 stands out in this regard with its electronic ignition system. With just a push, it provides a reliable spark every time, leading to hassle-free and safe starts. Its cooking power is also impressive. The grill features 8 stainless steel tube burners each offering 13,000 BTU, totaling an impressive 104,000 BTU. With two sets of regulators included in the supporting gas system, this grill ensures a stable, even flame, providing consistently cooked, flavorful food. Spacious Cooking and Workspace With the Royal Gourmet GB8000, running out of space while grilling is never a concern. The grill offers an extensive cooking surface of 950 sq. in., large enough to grill more than 60 burgers or 120 hot dogs simultaneously. Perfect for large gatherings, it helps you keep up with demand and minimize waiting times for guests. Besides the generous cooking surface, it also includes 2 folding side tables, providing additional preparation and workspace. This makes handling and managing ingredients a breeze, improving the overall efficiency of your grilling experience. Easy Cleaning and Maintenance Keeping your grill clean and well-maintained is essential for its longevity and performance. The Royal Gourmet GB8000 comes equipped with 2 large-capacity grease cups located underneath the firebox. These cups help to extend the grilling duration by collecting grease and reducing the likelihood of flare-ups. Additionally, the grill includes a draw-out oil catch pan. This feature simplifies the cleaning process significantly, as you can easily remove and empty the pan without having to move or tilt the entire grill. Mobility and Durability One aspect of the Royal Gourmet GB8000 that adds convenience is its mobility. The grill features a heavy-duty storage space cart with four lockable caster wheels, allowing easy movement around your backyard or patio. Durability is another key strength of this grill. Its construction boasts a thickened and bold frame design that ensures increased stability and durability, standing up to weather and the elements. This robust build quality ensures that the grill can serve you for many seasons of grilling enjoyment. A Versatile Grill for Every Occasion Whether it's a picnic, tailgate party, or backyard feast, the Royal Gourmet GB8000 is designed to handle any event. Its large cooking surface, ample storage space, and easy mobility make it an excellent choice for both personal and commercial use. Despite the high BTU, some might expect it to be hotter on the high setting. Nevertheless, it still proves to be an excellent grill that stands out for its performance, versatility, and durability. Final Thoughts Whether you're seeking the perfect grill for your backyard barbecues or a compact option for camping trips, we've got you covered! Here at GrillsAdvisor, we've taken the time to compile comprehensive guides on various grill types to help you find the one that fits your needs: - Best 2 Burner Gas Grill: Ideal for those with smaller outdoor spaces or for grillers who value simplicity without sacrificing power. - Best Built-in Grill: Transform your patio or outdoor kitchen with our top picks for built-in grills, offering professional-grade grilling at home. - Best Flat Top Griddles: Craving a diner-style breakfast outdoors? Check out our guide on the best flat-top griddles. - Best Gas and Charcoal Grill: Can't decide between gas and charcoal? Why not have both? Find your perfect hybrid grill here. - The Top Kamado Charcoal Grill: Experience the heat efficiency, versatility, and superior flavor of our top-rated Kamado charcoal grills. Let GrillsAdvisor be your reliable source in navigating the world of grills and outdoor cooking! Read the full article

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Accueil  Immigration

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Toulouse: une ado de 15 ans séquestrée et violée par une bande d’immigrés clandestins

Par

 Frédéric d'Asnières

 -

29/04/2021

 

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Image d'illustration / Photo: Adobestock

Mardi dernier, une jeune fille de 15 ans a été secourue par la police dans un squat toulousain. Elle y était séquestrée  par une bande d’immigrés clandestins, déjà connus pour des agressions et des vols. L’adolescente aurait été violée et aurait subi d’autres agressions sexuelles.

Mardi 27 avril, vers 8h30, d’importants effectifs de police ont investi une maison individuelle transformée en squat par des “migrants”, dans le quartier de la gare Matabiau, à Toulouse.

Les policiers toulousains intervenaient à la suite de l’appel téléphonique, la veille au soir, d’une jeune adolescente qui se disait séquestrée en ce lieu par plusieurs hommes qui l’auraient agressée sexuellement et violée.

En pénétrant dans le squat, les policiers ont en effet retrouvé la jeune fille, âgée de 15 et connue par les services de protection de l’enfance, ainsi que neuf immigrés, de nationalité non révélée, dont huit se sont déclarés mineurs.

La jeune victime a alors affirmé aux fonctionnaires qu’elle était séquestrée là depuis quelque temps et qu’elle avait subi des agressions sexuelles et avait été violée par plusieurs de ces individus.

Lors de la perquisition de la maison squattée par cette bande de “sans papiers” déjà connus pour des vols, des agressions et du trafic de cigarettes, plusieurs armes blanches ont été retrouvées par les enquêteur de la sûreté départementale.

Les suspects ont été placés en garde à vue et la jeune victime a été entendue avant d’être confiée à une structure d’accueil. On ne connaît pas précisément la durée ni l’importance des sévices qu’elle aurait subis.

Finalement, après plusieurs heures de garde à vue où ils ont nié les faits, les huit étrangers s’étant déclarés mineurs ont été relâchés! Trois d’entre eux ont été confiés aux services de l’aide à l’enfance.

Seul l’individu majeur, un homme de 36 ans dont la nationalité n’a pas été divulguée, a été maintenu en garde à vue. Ce suspect serait accusé d’avoir agressé sexuellement la jeune victime et devrait être présenté à un magistrat du parquet de Toulouse.

Source: Le Midi Libre/ Actu Toulouse/ Ouest-France

 

 

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4 Commentaires

poulbot29/04/2021 At 08:23

– “les huit étrangers s’étant déclarés mineurs ont été relâchés!” –

Mineur comme moi je suis curé a saint cucufa.

Maintenant ils sont loin , mineur ou majeur ce doit être la prison jusqu’au jugement et l’expulsion ensuite.

Répondre

Pochard29/04/2021 At 17:39

La castration.direct.pour.ces.monstres.et.retour.au.pays.apres.avoir.passe.quelques.temps.en.prison

Répondre

CUNIN01/05/2021 At 13:12

IMPENSABLE, HONTEUX, je n’ai pas de mots assez forts pour fustiger la justice Française totalement à la ramasse. J’ ai honte d’être français, et de notre gouvernement.

Répondre

Fiorinotto01/05/2021 At 20:06

Stop aux migrants mineur ou non la loi des mineurs abolie sans papiers camp de rétention et dehors de la France nationalité française déchue pour fait grave en référé et arret dy social immédiat

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Rolling Properties That Make an R.V. Look Palatial What in the event you went on a highway journey, and by no means got here again? Two {couples} referred to as the highway their house for years, logging a whole lot of hundreds of adventurous miles. Their refuges? For one couple, a Mitsubishi Delica four-wheel-drive van, small when put next with an R.V. and even different vans, not to mention a faddish tiny home. For one more, a Ford Festiva, small in contrast with absolutely anything on 4 wheels. The coronavirus pandemic has idled each {couples} and their autos, for now, as all of them wait for his or her subsequent chapters. That 1988 two-door Festiva got here to be often called the Peace Love Automobile. It was Sam Salwei’s house for eight years, and Raquel Hernández-Cruz joined him 4 years in. After an opportunity assembly after which touring collectively for a month in 2012, they reunited in 2013 — and have been collectively ever since. “Whereas I used to be engaged on my bachelor’s diploma, a buddy gifted me the automobile,” mentioned Mr. Salwei, a 39-year-old native of Crystal, N.D., who acquired his diploma in social entrepreneurship on the College of North Dakota. “A free automobile that was additionally gas-efficient was a dream. I actually didn’t want the rest.” He began with brief highway journeys, then figured he might keep locations longer if he didn’t must return house. “Little by little I began adapting the automobile to permit me to sleep in it,” he mentioned, pointing to “a sluggish five-year conversion.” Because the automobile rests at Mr. Salwei’s mom’s North Dakota house, the couple have continued their travels. They’ve spent current winters in Thailand, however after the coronavirus outbreak early this 12 months, they left to experience out the pandemic with Ms. Hernández-Cruz’s household in Puerto Rico. In September they headed to California, the place they, too, purchased a Delica and have been outfitting it whereas residing a hermit way of life in Lengthy Seaside. For Ms. Hernández-Cruz, who’s 40 and grew up in rural Puerto Rico, “my life appeared fairly abnormal as I adopted the highway beforehand laid by my mother and father — faculty, faculty, marriage, grad faculty, perhaps have youngsters and work at one job for the remainder of your life.” That was not her path. She began working towards yoga, and wished one thing completely different. She met Mr. Salwei they usually had been quickly touring the world because the YogaSlackers, educating “slackline yoga,” on what’s principally a tightrope. Their automobile was, after all, closely tailored to the nomadic life. It had over 10 USB charging ports, seven 12-volt energy ports and 6 110-volt plug-ins. It took two R.V.-type batteries and 400 watts’ price of photo voltaic panels to energy the hatchback, a small fridge, varied electronics and a ceiling fan. The home windows had screens, the physique panels had been insulated, and the mattress slept two adults (snugly). It has a D.I.Y. rear carry equipment, with an upgraded suspension and steering system. Two rooftop packing containers functioned because the attic, holding journey gear, backpacks, cameras and equipment. The automobile’s kitchen consisted of a Craftsman software bag and “a random mixture of camp kitchen and residential kitchen gadgets,” Ms. Hernández-Cruz mentioned, all the things as small and light-weight as doable. When starvation hit, they pulled over and cooked: free campgrounds, relaxation stops, fuel stations or the aspect of the highway. Empty, the automobile weighed simply over 2,500 kilos, however full it pushed over 3,700 kilos. Every little thing within the automobile “has a spot, and often you possibly can attain it in lower than three actions,” Mr. Salwei mentioned. “Parking is a breeze, it’s simple to squeeze into small campsites, and most significantly you possibly can choose it up and transfer it by hand if vital.” The Festiva’s odometer reads 524,000 miles, and since 2008 it has crossed the USA about 20 occasions. Since 2013, the couple have toured and taught their manner via three international locations and 49 states (Hawaii the exception). The Festiva acquired a farewell tour in 2014, and since 2017 they’ve been looking for it a brand new house, searching for “a worthy pilot in want of an journey,” Mr. Salwei mentioned. Within the barely larger quarters (53.8 sq. ft) of their 1991 Mitsubishi Delica Star Wagon, Pablo Rey and Anna Callau have wound their manner via 60 international locations. Their automobile has a nickname, too: La Cucaracha, and it was house to the couple for 16 years. It was even the visitor of honor of their Las Vegas wedding ceremony — they mentioned their vows in a drive-through ceremony in 2011. What began as a four-year-long jaunt, one continent per 12 months, became a endless journey. “Life exterior of our regular boundaries was way more wealthy and thrilling,” mentioned Mr. Rey, 54, who grew up in Buenos Aires. Enterprise & Economic system Up to date  Dec. 23, 2020, 8:59 a.m. ET The couple’s travels with the van are paused, nevertheless, and it’s parked close to Reno, Nev., awaiting post-pandemic occasions. Mr. Rey and Ms. Callau, 48, are staying close to her household’s house in Europe within the meantime. The couple paid round $10,500 for the van on Christmas Eve in 1999 in Barcelona, Spain, with about 52,000 miles on the odometer. (They later suspected it had been illegally rolled again significantly.) They’ve made loads of changes through the years, together with an additional 20-gallon gas tank and a photo voltaic panel. Throughout their 245,000 miles of journeys, they encountered challenges and breakdowns. In Sudan, “we misplaced the duvet of the air filter and half of the sand from the Sahara Desert went into the engine,” Mr. Rey mentioned. “We had been in an space the place no person speaks English, solely Arabic.” The native mechanics fastened solely tractors. The couple had no telephone, no embassy and no AAA to ask for assist. Nonetheless, they managed. In Kenya, bandits with AK-47s tried a theft. Mr. Rey and Ms. Callau had been attacked by thieves in Trinidad and Tobago, and in Kitum Cave, Kenya, Ebola circumstances had been being recognized as they traveled via. The Andes Mountains in Chile posed one other menace: The Delica’s engine give up at 15,000 ft and had to get replaced. The Festiva had its share of troubles, too. Within the 400,000-plus miles Mr. Salwei has placed on it, unhealthy transmissions had been switched out on the aspect of the highway and in grocery retailer parking heaps. Nothing, nevertheless, was more difficult than being sick whereas residing in 28 rolling sq. ft collectively. “Our physique is probably the most intrinsic machine we personal,” Ms. Hernández-Cruz mentioned. “Now we have to do our greatest to maintain it going for a very long time.” Adversity or challenges can result in reward and happiness. “Fascinating tales often come whenever you exit of your consolation zone,” mentioned Ms. Callau, who’s from Barcelona and identifies as Catalan. The couple share their travels on-line by way of Viajeros 4x4x4 and associated social media channels. “To reside on the highway is to reside with way more freedom,” Ms. Callau added. The couple have labored in a bar in Chile and a ski resort as “piste” police. They printed and bought T-shirts, postcards and books they wrote about their journey to assist fund their travels. They even developed a comic book strip with a buddy from Boston about residing on the highway. One of the rewarding components has been “being the house owners/masters of our time,” Ms. Callau mentioned. “The magic now’s within the sudden,” Mr. Rey added. For Kathryn Joyce, a fellow YogaSlackers instructor and postdoctoral researcher at Princeton’s College Middle for Human Values, the Peace Love Automobile was “enjoyable, inviting, unapologetic.” It even symbolized freedom, she mentioned: “Freedom from consumerism, societal requirements, burdensome obligations, but in addition freedom within the sense of self-reliance.” That Festiva was laden with over 2,000 stickers, which helped result in numerous police stops and border inspections, however comparatively few tickets. It was “way more than a automobile or a home,” Mr. Salwei mentioned. “It’s the final smile maker.” He added, “Everybody that sees the automobile reacts to it, more often than not with a beaming smile.” Supply hyperlink #homes #Palatial #Rolling

[bowaddictedalex]

Best Waterproofing Spray in 2020

Hunting clothes are not exactly “cheap” to buy. So what do you do when after a while your fancy hunting jacket starts soaking through more and more? You don´t want to go and buy a new one, right? Maybe you just need to replenish the DWR finish with a fluoropolymer based spray.

However, with so many different products available in today’s market, you must carefully consider which hydrophobic spray is best suited to waterproof your hunting- and outdoor cloth.

BEST OVERALL

Available from 2 fl. oz. – 128 fl. oz.

High-Quality Premium Product

Safe For All Fabric

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Our research led us to one brand of waterproofing spray: The 303 Fabric Guard. In our opinion, it is the best DWR spray on our list – but be sure to also check any of the other top 5 water repellent products:

Product Quick Comparison

Best Overall – Fabric Guard

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Scent Suppressant – Badlands Waterproofing Spray

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Most Versatile – Atsko Silicone Water-Guard

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Most toughest – Kiwi Camp Dry Heavy Duty

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Most Cost Effective – Scotchgard Heavy Duty Water Shield

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Top-Notch Water Repellent Sprays 2020

Best Overall – Fabric Gard

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Since 1980 303® has been offering products designed to keep things looking and performing like new. Fabric Gard does not alter the look or feel of your textiles and is safe for synthetic and natural fibers.

Dependent on the material you are applying it on, 16fl. oz. should be enough to deal with 40-75 sq. ft. No frequent coating is required.

Pros:

Safe for all fabric including synthetic and natural fibers

Restores lost water- and stain repellency

Spray itself is entirely unscented

Cons:

Needs up to 6-12 hours to dry after application

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Fabric Gard is not only good because we say so, but also the recommended fabric protection product of Sunbrella who is the largest manufacturer of outdoor and weather-resistant materials in the world.

Scent Suppressant – Badlands Waterproofing Spray

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Badlands is a manufacturer that is well known. If you are looking for an amazing two-in-one product, this waterproofing spray will be more than sufficient.

Not only will its highly-effective Durable Water Repellant (DWR) keep you from getting wet – but also will it eliminate your scent.

Pros:

Ideal for waterproofing just about anything

Contains odor-eating microbes to eliminate odors

Cons:

Wait at least 2 hours after applying

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Works best on materials that are waterproof, to begin with. Ideally for rejuvenating waterproof on Badlands products.

Most Versatile – Atsko Silicone Water-Guard

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The Atsko Water-Guard has a unique formula capable of restoring former waterproofing.

This Water-Guard can be applied to almost any material. It´s also suitable for use on footwear

 Pros:

Easy to apply

Repels water and stains

Long-lasting

Restores water repellency and vibrancy

Allows material to breathe

Cons:

A single coat takes up to 48 hours to dry, to be fully cured up to 72 hours

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This silicone water-guard is suitable for outerwear, footwear, tents, sleeping bags, and suede.

Most toughest – Kiwi Camp Dry Heavy Duty

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Kiwi calls its spray Camp Dry Heavy Duty Water Repellent for a reason. Its unique formula bonds to leather and fabrics and creates an extremely good (and long-lasting) water barrier.

But: It will leave your cloth breathable! If you plan on using it on light color materials, make sure to spot test beforehand. Silicone has a tendency to alter colors to a slightly darker/richer tone.

 Pros:

Material stays breathable

Does not alter color or flammability

Scent-free (once dried and cured)

Cons:

Not suitable for your everyday cloth or shoes. This really is the heavy-duty stuff!

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Apply only in a well-ventilated area and make sure to cover everything nearby you don’t want to have waterproofed (furniture, dogs, …)

Most Cost-Effective – Scotchgard Heavy Duty Water Shield

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The Scotchgard Heavy Duty Water Shield creates durable protection with just one application. Rain just beads right off, protecting whats underneath. Ideal for outerwear.

It is safe to use on polyester, nylon, polypropylene, cotton, leather, and suede. For the best results, you should reapply the Scotchgard water shield seasonally.

As always you should test for colorfastness. Just spray in an inconspicuous area and let it dry! Sometimes it may give the fabric a slightly darker tone.

Pros:

Easy to apply

Maintains fabric breathability

Good Bang for the Buck

Cons:

After applying, make sure to give it 2 days for the smell to disappear

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Scotchgard dries odorless and creates durable protection from the elements. This is a serious water repellent.

What Makes A Quality Water Repellent?

When seeking to purchase the best waterproofing spray on the market, there are several factors that should first be considered prior to making a final selection.

Odorless or Scentless

When out hunting you don´t want your scent to spook game away. This is one of the many reasons that we love the Badlands Waterproofing Spray. This is a “two-in-one” product: Water proof spray and scent suppressant. In our opinion, Badlands products are always spot on…

One advice we have is to use any waterproofing spray on this list way before your actual hunting trip. Not only does it take some time for the repellent to dry but also any scent or chemical smell has time to vanish.

Application

All compared products are fairly easy to apply. Make sure you are in a well-ventilated area!

Which Waterproofing Spray Is The Best?

After comparing all of the water repellents on this list, I feel that the Fabric Gard is the best waterproofing spray, with the Kiwi Camp Dry Heavy Duty coming in as a close runner up.

The only thing you should take into consideration before buying the Kiwi Camp Dry Spray is, that it is not for your everyday cloth.

If you are in the market for the best spray, I would highly urge you to give the Fabric Gard a try. In my opinion, it´s the best one available

from Uberbows https://uberbows.com/best-waterproofing-spray/

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4 Theories on the Psychology of Prejudice

I have received several questions from readers recently on the psychology of prejudice. Where does it come from? Why are racism, sexism, homophobia, and other forms of bias so common? And why do these things seem so difficult to change? I taught college courses in this area for several years, and here are some of the main theories I covered. Note that theories on prejudice have changed significantly over the last century, so we’ll also explore how they have evolved during that time.

In the 1930s and 40s, psychologists took a psychodynamic view on prejudice and attempted to explain it in very Freudian terms. The basic idea was that prejudice stemmed from authoritative parenting styles and that children respond to this situation by projecting the anger that they have at their parents onto outgroups instead. Research has never really substantiated this theory, though, so it’s not considered to be a compelling explanation today and I don’t think it’s really worth diving into much further.

In the 1950s, we saw researchers begin to take a personality approach to studying prejudice.  The main idea was that some people just have “prejudiced personalities.” This view arose out of the events of World War II and the Holocaust. Psychologists wanted to understand why and how the Nazis committed the atrocities that they did. This led to the development of authoritarian personality theory, which is characterized by unquestioning obedience toward, respect for, and submission to authority figures. 

This type of personality is thought to develop during adolescence and, like psychoanalytic theory, has a lot to do with the way people are raised—basically, it develops through trained obedience to authority. This willingness to submit to authority is really seen as what underlies prejudice and discrimination—these people are basically just doing as they are told, even if that means being aggressive toward other groups.

While people tend to think of personality traits like this as being pretty stable over the lifespan, I actually conducted some research in graduate school finding that authoritarian tendencies can shift in response to changes in the social context. For example, they increase to some degree during wartime periods when people perceive significant social threats [1]. 

The personality approach to understanding prejudice is one that remains popular to this day, both inside and out of the field, and authoritarian personality theory in particular has seen renewed interest with the rise of authoritarian politicians around the world.

In the 1960s and 70s, many researchers started taking a socio-cultural approach to prejudice, looking at the roles that culture, society, norms, and group memberships play. For example, some of these researchers attempted to explain prejudice through the lens of group competition over resources. 

This is where the classic Robber’s Cave experiment emerged, which you probably learned about if you ever took an introductory psychology course [2]. Researchers took two groups of kids to a summer camp. They separately bonded and formed group identities, and then the researchers put the groups into competition with one another for trophies and awards. They found that a vicious rivalry emerged very quickly. There was name-calling and aggression—the kids even burned each other’s team flags. 

The researchers found that they could reduce conflict and tension by getting the kids to work together on achieving common goals. For example, when the food and water supply to the camp was threatened, everyone had to come together to find a solution—and in the process, cross-group friendships formed and the rivalry dissipated.

The main idea stemming from this study is that prejudice and bias stem from the fact that social groups are in competition for resources all of the time and that this is what ultimately underlies conflict; however, the key to resolving prejudice has a lot to do with finding shared identities and coming together to work on common goals.

More recent approaches to understanding the origins of prejudice have taken a social cognitive approach, with some looking to implicit biases, or the non-conscious processes that might underlie prejudice. The idea here is that people can be prejudiced without even consciously knowing or recognizing that they’re acting in a discriminatory way. 

This led to the development of the Implicit Association Test (IAT), which purportedly measures the non-conscious, automatic associations we have have with different social groups. Specifically, the IAT looks at how quickly and consistently people associate positive and negative words with different social categories, such as Black/White, men/women, gay/straight, etc.

However, the study of implicit bias is something that has proved quite controversial and researchers can’t quite agree on what the IAT actually measures: does it truly capture this concept of implicit bias, or does it just tap into knowledge or awareness of cultural stereotypes? The effectiveness of implicit bias trainings have also been hotly debated. Learn more about the IAT and the controversy surrounding it here. 

Other researchers have taken a different social-cognitive approach, looking at the human tendency to be efficient processors of information—we look at the world around us, try to determine patterns, and make judgments and decisions based on those patterns. Many argue that the human mind evolved to work like this and that it’s an adaptive tendency for making sense of and navigating the world. 

From this view, the tendency to stereotype (i.e., to make broad generalizations based on limited information) is seen as an ingrained tendency, which may help to explain why it’s so hard to change. In other words, we’re fighting against the way our minds evolved to work. To be clear, this view doesn’t attempt to justify or rationalize harmful group stereotypes—it’s just another attempt to explain their origins, with the idea being that if we want to change things, we need to understand where they come from in the first place.

As you can see, there are myriad views on the psychology of prejudice. Admittedly, this is a very cursory overview and there are even more perspectives than I had time to get into in this post. 

Psychologists today don’t agree on just one of these theories or views, either. Different researchers argue for different perspectives, and some of them remain quite controversial.

What do you think? Which views or perspectives are most compelling to you and why? Discuss below. 

Want to learn more about Sex and Psychology ? Click here for previous articles or follow the blog on Facebook (facebook.com/psychologyofsex), Twitter (@JustinLehmiller), or Reddit (reddit.com/r/psychologyofsex) to receive updates. You can also follow Dr. Lehmiller on YouTube and Instagram.

[1] Lehmiller, J. J., & Schmitt, M. T. (2008). Intergroup attitudes and values in response to the US invasion of Iraq. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 14(3), 259-274.

[2] Lehmiller, J. J. (2007). Robber’s Cave experiment. In R. Baumeister & K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Social Psychology (pp. 761-762). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Image Source: 123RF/Feng Yu   

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4 Theories on the Psychology of Prejudice

I have received several questions from readers recently on the psychology of prejudice. Where does it come from? Why are racism, sexism, homophobia, and other forms of bias so common? And why do these things seem so difficult to change? I taught college courses in this area for several years, and here are some of the main theories I covered. Note that theories on prejudice have changed significantly over the last century, so we’ll also explore how they have evolved during that time.

In the 1930s and 40s, psychologists took a psychodynamic view on prejudice and attempted to explain it in very Freudian terms. The basic idea was that prejudice stemmed from authoritative parenting styles and that children respond to this situation by projecting the anger that they have at their parents onto outgroups instead. Research has never really substantiated this theory, though, so it’s not considered to be a compelling explanation today and I don’t think it’s really worth diving into much further.

In the 1950s, we saw researchers begin to take a personality approach to studying prejudice.  The main idea was that some people just have “prejudiced personalities.” This view arose out of the events of World War II and the Holocaust. Psychologists wanted to understand why and how the Nazis committed the atrocities that they did. This led to the development of authoritarian personality theory, which is characterized by unquestioning obedience toward, respect for, and submission to authority figures. 

This type of personality is thought to develop during adolescence and, like psychoanalytic theory, has a lot to do with the way people are raised—basically, it develops through trained obedience to authority. This willingness to submit to authority is really seen as what underlies prejudice and discrimination—these people are basically just doing as they are told, even if that means being aggressive toward other groups.

While people tend to think of personality traits like this as being pretty stable over the lifespan, I actually conducted some research in graduate school finding that authoritarian tendencies can shift in response to changes in the social context. For example, they increase to some degree during wartime periods when people perceive significant social threats [1]. 

The personality approach to understanding prejudice is one that remains popular to this day, both inside and out of the field, and authoritarian personality theory in particular has seen renewed interest with the rise of authoritarian politicians around the world.

In the 1960s and 70s, many researchers started taking a socio-cultural approach to prejudice, looking at the roles that culture, society, norms, and group memberships play. For example, some of these researchers attempted to explain prejudice through the lens of group competition over resources. 

This is where the classic Robber’s Cave experiment emerged, which you probably learned about if you ever took an introductory psychology course [2]. Researchers took two groups of kids to a summer camp. They separately bonded and formed group identities, and then the researchers put the groups into competition with one another for trophies and awards. They found that a vicious rivalry emerged very quickly. There was name-calling and aggression—the kids even burned each other’s team flags. 

The researchers found that they could reduce conflict and tension by getting the kids to work together on achieving common goals. For example, when the food and water supply to the camp was threatened, everyone had to come together to find a solution—and in the process, cross-group friendships formed and the rivalry dissipated.

The main idea stemming from this study is that prejudice and bias stem from the fact that social groups are in competition for resources all of the time and that this is what ultimately underlies conflict; however, the key to resolving prejudice has a lot to do with finding shared identities and coming together to work on common goals.

More recent approaches to understanding the origins of prejudice have taken a social cognitive approach, with some looking to implicit biases, or the non-conscious processes that might underlie prejudice. The idea here is that people can be prejudiced without even consciously knowing or recognizing that they’re acting in a discriminatory way. 

This led to the development of the Implicit Association Test (IAT), which purportedly measures the non-conscious, automatic associations we have have with different social groups. Specifically, the IAT looks at how quickly and consistently people associate positive and negative words with different social categories, such as Black/White, men/women, gay/straight, etc.

However, the study of implicit bias is something that has proved quite controversial and researchers can’t quite agree on what the IAT actually measures: does it truly capture this concept of implicit bias, or does it just tap into knowledge or awareness of cultural stereotypes? The effectiveness of implicit bias trainings have also been hotly debated. Learn more about the IAT and the controversy surrounding it here. 

Other researchers have taken a different social-cognitive approach, looking at the human tendency to be efficient processors of information—we look at the world around us, try to determine patterns, and make judgments and decisions based on those patterns. Many argue that the human mind evolved to work like this and that it’s an adaptive tendency for making sense of and navigating the world. 

From this view, the tendency to stereotype (i.e., to make broad generalizations based on limited information) is seen as an ingrained tendency, which may help to explain why it’s so hard to change. In other words, we’re fighting against the way our minds evolved to work. To be clear, this view doesn’t attempt to justify or rationalize harmful group stereotypes—it’s just another attempt to explain their origins, with the idea being that if we want to change things, we need to understand where they come from in the first place.

As you can see, there are myriad views on the psychology of prejudice. Admittedly, this is a very cursory overview and there are even more perspectives than I had time to get into in this post. 

Psychologists today don’t agree on just one of these theories or views, either. Different researchers argue for different perspectives, and some of them remain quite controversial.

What do you think? Which views or perspectives are most compelling to you and why? Discuss below. 

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[1] Lehmiller, J. J., & Schmitt, M. T. (2008). Intergroup attitudes and values in response to the US invasion of Iraq. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 14(3), 259-274.

[2] Lehmiller, J. J. (2007). Robber’s Cave experiment. In R. Baumeister & K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Social Psychology (pp. 761-762). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Image Source: 123RF/Feng Yu   

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Leaving Dickson, we set off for Campamento Perros. This day was one of the most beautiful! One of those days where you can’t stop taking pictures and can’t help but be grateful to be alive, to be breathing and seeing this scenery. I was starting to feel better but nowhere near 100 percent yet. We took our time and took in all the beauty of Patagonia. The mountains spread as far as we could see. This part of the hike was forested, dense, and thick with some pretty decent accents — the first coming right out of Dickson Camp. There are fantastic views of the backside of the Towers and extraordinary views of the Valle de Los Perros during this section.

Rockin’ my Elevation hat…as always!

We stopped to eat alongside a river. One of the things any backpacker has to consider is water. It’s vital and, in my opinion, one of the most important things to consider.It’s a vital life saving force. In most of my hiking experience….(ok other than when I was a hose-drinking wild kid and didn’t know better) I’ve filtered water. I have a great filtering system that condenses down into a small pouch. I’ve heard the horror stories of people not filtering and falling so sick that they’ve had to stop their hike. Heading into this trip, ALL of my research showed NO FILTERS were needed along this hike. I was skeptical. The last thing you want is to be sick… from bad water. The flu I can conquer, but hiking with a stomach illness, sleeping in a tent, with little to no showers did not sound great to me. I packed the filter, but ultimately after talking to people and guides in Chile before leaving, left it along with our “travel clothes” in the hostel in Puerto Natales. That’s trust in humanity!

“Patagonia water is the best water you could ever possibly drink,” we heard over and over. “It’s straight from glaciers and the purest, finest, cleanest water ever!”

TRUTH!! 

I’ll tell you, though, the first time I had to take the lid off of my bottle and dunk it into a water source and drink, I was on my knees praying that everything I had read and had been told was the gospel. And it was! That’s faith!

G and I still talk about the water there and wish so terribly we could find a way of getting it here. It’s hands down the best water on our planet!

We got into camp a little early, set up our space, and backtracked along the trail to Los Perros Lake and glacier. We marveled at the icebergs floating in the turquoise water of the lake. We took a ton of photos and sat taking in God’s creation. We breathed in the Holy wind.

G and I, even though we spend a lot of time together, never lack in conversation. He and I can sit into the wee hours of a morning, from the night before, talking. We can go to dinner together, sitting across a table from one another, like no one else is in the restaurant and have a 3 hour dinner just chatting away. BUT we also crave our alone time. Our independence. It has always been an important and essential part of our relationship, and we always consider and honor one another’s space.

Bridge For One

  On this day…after the funny pictures and skipping rocks into the water, trying to reach out and touch some icebergs we both found ourselves wandering to the opposite sides of the lake. Taking our time, individually to pray, meditate and just be alone. We have been coexisting in a 2-pound backpacking tent with a space of 88 x 42 inches for the past 7 days….we needed to air out our minds, our hearts….our pits. HA! We needed to get quiet, to listen, to take in what was being given to us. What nuggets were we going to glean from this adventure?

As we were getting up to leave, we heard the strangest sound… we stopped, looking around, and right across the water, a HUGE section of the glacier was cracking off. It plunged right into the water! We stood there mouths gaped.

The next morning was an early alarm. We knew we were hiking over John Gardner Pass. The weather on the pass can change in an instant, and we knew our best bet was to get an early start because weather conditions in Torres del Paine are generally better in the mornings.

We put on our headlamps and started our ascent in the dark. The first section is forested. It is wet, dripping, and had parts with creek-like crossings, and oversized puddles. It is swampy and has mud holes that will swallow you up. The rocks are slippery, and we had a couple of slips, nothing too terrible, but I was happy for my Jackie Chan-like skills when one of my trekking poles slipped off of a boulder and left me falling headfirst towards the deep, dark, black mud. Somehow I was able to hop-scotch my way whilst falling headlong, recklessly. I somehow recovered gracefully after bouncing over several logs, roots, and boulders. We stood and laughed for the longest time, remarking how we wished we would’ve “caught that on video” and thinking about what it would’ve looked like had I fallen. I am glad I didn’t find out!

We took our time over this section and eventually came to the boulder field that is the toughest part of the pass. It’s full of small and large boulders that require maneuvering around. Quite a few places were gushing water from melting snow, and we felt like we were climbing through waterfalls. Essentially… we were. We were happy that this day was sunny and hot and that the glacier water was ice cold! There was a steady stream of hikers heading up at the same time, and we would watch as other hikers, looking like ants, would disappear over the saddle to their first view of Glacier Grey.

The final pitch was steep and seemed like we were never going to get over the top… then… there we were!

The view!

Isn’t it incredible how after so much effort in a huge climb, there is a reward. Kind of like like, huh?

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I often get overcome with emotion when I hike in the mountains. The enormity of it all just takes my breath from my lungs. I feel so small and it really humbles me to be surrounded by such giants. I stood in complete silence and awe.

We were gifted on this day with perfect hiking weather. This pass is riddled with wind, snow, and rain, but today was full sun, blue skies, and NO wind. We talked with several guides who said that type of weather happens about three times a year on that pass. THREE TIMES A YEAR! and here we are atop the pass with the most perfect view of Glacier Grey, in the most perfect weather, surrounded by snowcapped mountains. I could’ve just died right there it was so magnificent. Thank you, God.

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Grey Glacier is a glacier in the Southern Patagonia Ice Field. It flows southward from the Patagonian Andes Mountains into Grey Lake. The glacier is 6 kilometers (3.72 miles) wide and over 30 meters (98 feet) high. It occupies a total area of 270 km2 (100 sq mi) and a length of 28 km (17 mi) It’s the second-largest contiguous extrapolar icefield. There are truly no words to describe this glacier!

After taking photos and spending time taking in this marvel, we made the massive decent down, relishing the views of the glacier and having fun on the suspension bridges. If you’re afraid of heights… stop here, because these bridges are incredibly long and the valleys that they connect are DEEP! The highest and longest bridge is 80m high (262 feet), and 50m (164 feet) long.

Luckily it wasn’t windy, and I wondered as I crossed how these bridges would be in heavy wind. Thank you, Jesus!! I read over some blogs before our trip that said to be sure and HOLD ON in high winds. Ummm… We stopped at Paso Camp today. We rested, drank, filled our bellies, and chatted with fellow hikers about coming over the pass. We were exhausted, sun, and heat beaten and were happy to be off of our feet this day. One thing to note, there is zero ozone in Patagonia, so if you’re planning a trip, pack FIRST; sunscreen, SECOND; glasses! The sun is no joke!

Paso to Grey Camp was up for our next day. Grey was initially not on our itinerary… but ya know… those pesky eleventh-hour reservations… We were quite happy to get to Grey. We had decided we would sleep inside (a lot of people opt for the tent area) and had a shared room with another couple. Funny enough, it was a couple we had met a few days ago on a windy ascent but hadn’t seen since. It was like a family reunion when we opened the door of our bunk house. This is the first time in our history of travel that we’ve “bunked” like this. We were a little hesitant about this sleeping arrangement with total strangers! Turns out after hiking all. the. days. adding in a nice HOT shower and a legitimate meal in the restaurant… no one cared. We were so tired, after some small talk about our future adventures, we each collapsed onto our beds and slept straight through until the morning.

Grey Camp was in a gorgeous area against a sheer rock face. We sat out on the deck in Adirondack chairs, watching the sunrise the next morning.

From Grey, you can hike to the Glacier Mirador. After the Mirador, we headed off to our next camp, Paine Grande. This is the part of the trail where you meet up with the W hikers. This also begins two-way traffic on the trail, as there are a lot of day hikers and hikers heading in and out for an overnight or two. The trail gets busier after this section. G and I always call them “the shiny people” because frequently we have been out backpacking for DAYS and sometimes WEEKS and to day-hikers, I’m sure we look and ..ahem… smell like hobos. They pass us in their clean khakis and white t-shirts, smelling heavily of that morning’s shower. They have applied deodorant, fresh-hair in perky ponytails… and I think… I used to look pretty like that!

Paine Grande is a bustling place with O-hikers, W-hikers, and day-trippers. It sits stunningly on a lake with towering mountains to its side. We had already booked a room (alone) for this night’s stay. We checked in, showered, bought meal tickets FOR REAL FOOD in the morning, and set out to explore.

First stop; the fantastic bar on the top level. With its panoramic view, great music, and ice-cold beer, how could we pass that up? It was here that we talked over the trip that we knew would soon be ending. We talked about our ups and downs and the emotions that hit you when you’re on long treks like this. The peaks and valleys, and how real life seems to always follow trail life. We both hit low points. I was upset I had not felt 100 percent dealing with the flu, and I had times I got extremely frustrated with the congestion and nose blowing. Greg’s came after descending from John Gardner Pass, where I am convinced he was suffering some slight sunstroke and dehydration.

Looking back, I am still so glad I took the risk to start this hike.

Always take the risk! I could’ve let the sickness win, the fear of being miserable, the dismay of starting and maybe not finishing the hike, but like every hard thing in life, I pressed on and was so happy for that. I (we) never take our travel for granted. We both know there are people unable to travel as we do. There are couples who, one likes to travel, and one doesn’t, so they both don’t! For some, it’s a financial burden, some constrained by their career, some just simply don’t like to travel and some… are just paralyzed in fear to take that first step into something unknown. I can’t be that person and am thankful to have married a man who feels the same! There is no chance of tomorrow, and there is no chance that we will allow this precious life to pass by us.

We sat in this bar for a couple of hours and talked about the stories we will have for our future generations. Our grandkids… when looking at the globe someday, can hear stories of us climbing mountains and hiking all the miles, getting flooded in monsoons, eating God-knows-what from street vendors all over Asia. Standing in the Sea of Galilee in Isreal, getting stuck in the middle of the jungle, alone, on a motorcycle in Panama, having lightning strike so close that we felt our hair stand on end on a backpacking trip. Walking across a border crossing into Nicaragua, paragliding and sky diving, climbing down into war tunnels in Vietnam, surfing with giant sea turtles and stingrays all around us, nearly falling to my death in the Colorado Rockies… the list goes on…..

I know all grandparents have beautiful stories to tell their grandkids… and we can’t wait to share ours if someday God blesses us with littles.

We did a little sink laundry before heading over to the mess tent to cook some dinner. Greg was utterly crippled with eating dehydrated meals, so he opted to shop in the small store and buy… none other than Cup-a-Soup. Because that dehydrated food in styrofoam was far superior to the Packit Gourmet meals that we were currently existing on. Can you hear my sarcasm? I say this laughing because BOY does that food get old, and Cup-a-Noodles is like five-star cuisine when you’ve gotten tired of what you’ve packed.

As the sun set on another incredible night, we saw a Mama fox and her kits running around and playing in the meadow just outside. We moved out to take some video. They YIPPED and wrestled with one another until it was too dark to see.

Cont…..

Didn’t catch the first part of our Patagonia adventure? Start by clicking RIGHT HERE.

      Patagonia Ocho a Diez Leaving Dickson, we set off for Campamento Perros. This day was one of the most beautiful! One of those days where you can’t stop taking pictures and can’t help but be grateful to be alive, to be breathing and seeing this scenery.