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dethdealer12345-blog · 7 years ago

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A Complete History of the Three Kingdoms Year 187

187 AD

-In the spring, in the first month on Feb 16th, there was an amnesty for the empire.

-In the second month some bandits of Rongyang killed the Luo Hao, Prefect of Zhongmou, and his Registrar Pan Yin. In the third month He Miao, the Intendant of Henan, attacked the bandits and destroyed them. He Miao was appointed General of Chariots and Cavalry.

-He Miao was from Wan County in Nanyang Commandery. He was born a poor man, but when his half-sister became Empress, he, along with He Jin, was sent to the capital.

-Han Sui killed Bian Zhang, Beigong Boyu, and Li Wenhou, took over all their forces to command more than a hundred thousand men, and went forward to besiege the headquarters of Longxi Commandery. Li Xiangru, the Grand Administrator, rebelled against the Han and made an alliance with Han Sui.

-Geng Bi, the Inspector of Liang Province, led the troops of six commanderies to attack Han Sui. Geng Bi had appointed Cheng Qiu as his Attendant Official at Headquarters, but Cheng Qiu was in league with a gang of profiteers and extortioners, and the gentlemen and the common people all hated him.

-Fu Xie, the Grand Administrator of Hanyang, said to Geng Bi:

"Commissioner, you have not had much experience in administration, and the people are not yet accustomed to you. When the rebels hear that your powerful army is approaching, they will all be united against you. Those men from the border country are excellent fighters, and it will be hard to match their attacks. On the other hand our men have only recently been gathered together, and the officers and soldiers are not yet used to one another. If there should be some trouble within our ranks it will be too late for regrets."

"The best thing to do is let the army halt a while and build up morale. Make your rewards clear and your punishments certain. When you take the pressure off the rebels like this, they are sure to say to themselves that we are afraid of them. Such evil men will certainly struggle for power, and they will soon quarrel among themselves. After that, you will be leading people who know what they are fighting for, and bringing them against an enemy who is completely disorganized. You need only sit and wait, and success will come."

Geng Bi would not accept his advice.

-In the summer, in the fourth month, Geng Bi came to Didao, and then his Aide-de-Camp led a mutiny and joined the rebels. First they killed Cheng Qiu and then they killed Geng Bi.

-Then the rebels came forward to besiege Hanyang. In the capital of Hanyang there were few soldiers and no reserves of food, but Fu Xie sill held firm.

-Fu Xie's son, Fu Gan, thirteen years old, said to his father:

"The nation is in confusion and disorder, and that is why you have never received your true deserts from the court. You have too few soldiers now to maintain your defense, and you should accept the invitation of these Qiang and other tribes people and go back to our homeland. Wait until a worthy man appears, and then join him."

-Even before he had finished speaking, Fu Xie sighed miserably and said:

"You know that I must die. A sage is equal to any position, and even a lesser man should not fail his responsibilities. Zhou of Yin was cruel and tyrannical, ye Boyi died for him because he could not eat the millet of the conquering Zhou dynasty. I have met with a time of disorder and I cannot fulfill my true ambition. I have taken his salary, so how can I seek to avoid his time of danger? Where else can I go? I must die hie! You have talent and understanding, I hope you will do your best. Yang Hui, the Master of Records, will act as my Cheng Ying."

-Wang Guo, a man of Didao, sent Huang Yan, the former Grand Administrator of Jiuquan, to say to Fu Xie:

"The empire is gone forever from the government of Han. Magistrate, would you be prepared to become our leader?"

Fu Xie put his hand to his sword and shouted at Huang Yan:

"You, an official with a seal, have become the messenger boy for a gang of rebels!"

Then he led out his soldiers in a charge, and died in the thick of the fray.

-Ma Teng of Youfufeng, who had been Major under Geng Bi, also led his troops to rebel, and he joined forces with Han Sui. The rebels then made Wang Guo their leader and plundered the Three Adjuncts.

-Because the bandits and rebels had not been pacified, the Grand Commandant Zhang Wen left office. The Minister over the Masses, Cui Lie, was made Grand Commandant. In the fifth month the Minister of Works Xu Xiang became Minister over the Masses and the Superintendent of the Imperial Household Ding Gong of Pei kingdom became Minister of Works.

-Ding Gong had been the Inspector of Jiaozhi and Administrator of Cangwu in the 180s.

-Before this, Zhang Wen had raise three thousand shock cavalry from Wuhuan of You Province to use them in Liang Province. The former Chancellor of Zhongshan, Zhang Chun of Yuyang, asked to be given the command, but Zhang Wen turned him down and appointed the Prefect of Zhuo, Gongsun Zan of Liaoxi.

-Gongsun Zan, styled Bogui, was a man of Lingzhi in Liaoxi. He became a Scribe Assistant Below the Gate in Lingzhi Commandery. He had an imposing appearance and great voice. Gongsun Zan was also skilled in rhetoric. Whenever he discussed matters he was not superficial, and always made several different points, never forgetting or making a mistake. The Administrator Hou was impressed with his ability, wed his daughter to him, and sent him to visit Lu Zhi of Zhuo-jun to study the classics.

-Later he became a commandery official. When Administrator Liu Ji was in trouble and summoned to visit the Minister of Justice, Gongsun Zan drove the chariot, and personally attended to him. When Liu Ji was exiled to Rinan, Gongsun Zan prepared grain and meat, and north of Ming hill offered sacrifices to his ancestors, raising the libation cup and saying:

"Previously I was a son, but now I am a servant, and will soon to to Rinan. Rinan has unhealthy air, and perhaps I may not return, so I bid farewell to my ancestors."

He again bowed and rose, and at the time of those watching there were none who did not sob. On the road, Liu Ji was pardoned and returned.

-Gongsun Zan was nomitaed Filial and Incorrupt and became a Palace Gentleman, and was sent out as Chief Clerk of Liaodong Dependent State.

-Once he went with several tens of cavalry to patrol Sai, and encountered several hundred Xianbei riders. Gongsun Zan therefore retreated to an empty precinct, and said to his following cavalry:

"Now if we do not charge through them, then we will all be killed."

Gongsun Zan then himself grasped a lance, attacked a blade on both ends, and charged and stabbed through the barbarians, killing and wounding several tens, but also losing half his riders, and so they escaped. The Xianbei were intimidated and afterward did not dare again enter Sai. For his deeds Gongsun Zan was promoted to Magistrate of Zhuo.

-When the army reached Ji territory, the Wuhuan found that none of their supplies had been issued, and many of them mutinied and went back home.

-Zhang Chun, who was annoyed that he had not been given the command, now made an alliance with Zhang Ju, a man from the same commandery, who had once been Grand Administrator of Taishan, and with Qiuliju, a chieftain of the Wuhuan. Together they raided Ji. They killed Gongqi Chou, the Colonel Protector of the Wuhuan, Liu Zheng, the Grand Administrator of Youbeiping, and Yang Zhong, the Grand Administrator of Liaodong.

-Their forces now numbered more than a hundred thousand, they set their base at Feiru, and Zhang Ju was proclaimed Emperor. Zhang Chun took the titles of General Who Governs the Universe and King of Peace and Settlement. They sent a letter to the provinces and commanderies to say that Zhang Ju was destined to succeed the Han, that the Son of Heaven should leave his palace, and that he should send his excellencies and ministers to receive the new ruler.

-Gonsun Zan took command, pursued and attacked Zhang Chun with achievements, and was promoted to Cavalry Commandant. The Dependent State Wuwan King of Tanzhi led his tribe to surrender to Gongsun Zan. Gongsun Zan was promoted to Palace Gentleman-General and given a fief as Marquis of Duting.

-In the winter, in the tenth month, the bandit Ou Xing of Changsha gave himself the title of General. He commanded an army of more than ten thousand men. An edict appointed the Gentleman-Consultant Sun Jian as Grand Administrator of Changsha. Sun Jing, Cheng Pu, Han Dang, and Zhu Zhi followed him, with Han Dang serving as a Major with a Separate Command and Zhu Zhi as Major.

-Sun Jian reached the commandery and took personal command of his officers and soldiers, issuing orders saying:

"Treat the good people carefully and mildly and keep the official documents according to regulations. Leave the robbers and killers to me!"

He devised a strategy and within the month had defeated Ou Xing and the rest.

-Zhou Chao and Guo Shi also led their host to revolt at Lingling and Guiyang in coordination with Ou Xing. Sun Jian subsequently left his own administrative borders to find and subdue them and the three commanderies returned to usual once more.

-Around this time Sun Jian enlisted Huang Gai into his service to help defeat the bandits of the southern commanderies.

-Huang Gai was a man from Quanling in Lingling Commandery, Jing Province. Huang Gai's youth was difficult. He was orphaned when he was very young and had to cut firewood to earn money. But he was ambitious, he would learn to read or discuss military matters in his spare time. As he grew older, Huang Gai took position as a commandery official . He was nominated as Incorrupt and Filially Pious.

-About this time the Chief of Yichun county in Yuzhang Commandery, a nephew of Lu Kang, asked Sun Jian for help when he was attacked by bandits.

-Sun Jian made ready to go, but then one of his clerical officers objected: though Yichun was just over the eastern borders of Changsha, it was not only in a different commandery but also in a different province. Sun Jian replied:

"I have none of the civil graces. Warfare is my work. If I cross the borders to attack some rebels, that is simply giving help to a neighbor. Even if I am committing a crime, why should I feel ashamed?"

-Sun Jian was enfeoffed as Marquis of Wucheng for his successes.

-Sun Jian memorialized Zhu Zhi as Acting Commandant. While Han Dang shared credit with his army assistants and followers, and therefore his rank did not increase.

-In the eleventh month Cui Lie, the Grand Commandant, left office. Cao Song, the Grand Minister of Agriculture, was made Grand Commandant.

-In the twelfth month the Chuge barbarians, a clan of the Xiongnu, rebelled.

-In this year Marquisates Within the Imperial Domain were sold for the price of five million cash.

-Chen Shi, former Chief of Taiqiu, died. More than thirty thousand men came from every part of the empire to attend his funeral.

-In his own village, Chen Shi would deal with every problem calmly and equitably. If there was some dispute, people would always come to ask his judgement, he would explain who was right and who was wrong, and no one ever went away dissatisfied with his decision. People would sigh and say:

"It is better to be punished by the law than have Master Chen despise you."

-When Yang Ci and Chen Dan were appointed as excellencies and ministers, and all the officials paid them respects, they would sigh that Chen Shi was the man worthy of the highest positions, and they were ashamed to take precedence over him.

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bookofjin · 6 years ago

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Biography of Liu Daogui

[Younger brother of Liu Yu, from SS051.]

The Ardent and Martial [liewu] King of Linchuan, Daogui, courtesy name Daoze, was Gaozu's youngest brother. As young he was special and exceptional and had great aspirations. Gaozu found him remarkable, and planned with him to execute Huan Xuan. At the time Huan Hong was headquartered at Guangling, he used him as Army Advisor of the Central Troops who Conquers the Caitiffs.

When Gaozu overcame Jing city, Daogui likewise that day together with Liu Yi and Meng Chang beheaded Hong, and gathered the multitudes to cross the Jiang. They advanced to pacify the Imperial district, Xuan ran in defeat. Jin's Great General, the King of Wuling, Zun, succeeded to authority, he used Daogui as General who General who Raises the Martial and Grand Warden of Yichang.

He and Liu Yi and He Wuji pursued Xuan. Xuan ran west to Jiangling, and detained Guo Quan, He Danzhi, and others to firmly defend Penkou. When the Righteous Army had arrived, the thieves deployed the warships to resist them. Danzhi vainly [?] built feathered ornaments, banners and flag one one double-hulled ship, yet separately was on another ship. Wuji wished to attack where the feathered ornaments were. The multitudes thoroughly disagreed, saying:

Danzhi is surely not on that ship, even getting it is without profit.

Wuji said:

[If] Danzhi is not on that ship, he firmly must not speak of it. Since he is not on that one, then the fighting soldiers will surely be weak. We, by using strong troops to attack it, can surely capture it. The day we capture it, those ones will surely consider it as losing their master of the army. Our followers will speak of [us] having obtained the thieves' leader. We will be brave and those ones will be afraid. Fear then will weaken them, routing them is certain.

Daogui was pleased and said:

This is a famous plan.

Following that they went towards those ones and attacked them, and then captured that double-hulled ship. Following that they made clamour and led on to say:

[We] have beheaded He Danzhi!

The thieves' followers and the Righteous Army both considered it to be as such. Following that they let lose the troops, the thieves' multitudes fled in defeat. Then they overcame Penkou and advance to pacify Xunyang. Following that they then swiftly advanced and encountered Xuan at Zhengrong Island. Daogui and others' troops did not fill ten thousand, but Xuan's fighting soldier were several ten thousand. The multitude equally dreaded it, and wished to withdraw and turn back to Xunyang. Daogui said:

Impossible. Those ones are multitude and we are few, the strong and weak differ in might. Now suppose [we] are fearful and timid, and do not advance, [they] surely will be exploiting it. Even if we arrive at Xunyang, how will we be able to strengthen ourselves.

Xuan, though he has pilfered fame for gallant boldness, on the inside is truly fearful and craven, and has already passed through to flee in defeat. The multitudes are without firm hearts. At the decisive moment between a pair of battle-lines, those who command bravely will overcome. In the past, Guangwu at the battle of Kunyang, and Cao Cao at the hosts of Guangdu, both used few to rule over many, in the common knowledge about it. Now though our talents have faded from the ancients, how can we be the weaker!

Following that he signalled the multitudes and advanced. Yi and others followed him, and they greatly routed Xuan's army. Guo Quan and Xuan ran on a single boat. At Jiangling they were not then able to defend. They wished to enter Shu, but were beheaded by Feng Qian.

The Righteous Army came across wind and did not advance. Huan Qian and Huan Zhen again occupied Jiangling. Yi kept back at Baling, Daogui and Wuji together advanced attacked Huan Mi at Matou and Huan Wei at Chong Island, always routed them. Wuji wished to exploit victory to straight-away aim for Jiangling. Daogui said:

In the principles of war, curling and stretching have their times, you cannot irrespectively advance. The various Huan generations sit in western Chu, the crowd is small and all have exhausted their strength. Zhen [?] is brave and the best of the Three Armies, it is difficult to strive for victory for him. Moreover we can halt the troops and bring up sharpness, and calmly thereby plan and calculate to tie them up, and not worry about not overcoming.

Wuji did not follow and as a result was defeated by Zhen.

Therefore they withdrew and turned back to Xunyang, to repair and arrange ships and armour, and then advanced the army to Xiakou. The bogus General who Garrisons the East, Feng Gai, defended the eastern shore of Xiakou. The General who Spreads the Martial, Meng Shantu occupied Lu Fort. The General who Assists the State, Huan Xianke guarded Yanyue Ramparts. Hence Yi attacked Lu Fort, Daogui and Wuji attacked Yanyue, and in both cases overcame them, they captured alive Xianke and Shantu. That night, Gai escaped and ran, and they advanced to pacify Baling. Qian and Zhen dispatched messengers to seek to cede Jing and Jiang provinces, and served and reverted to Emperor An. It was not permitted.

It happened that the Grand Warden of Nanyang, Lu Zongzhi, raised up righteousness to attack Xiangyang, the bogus Inspector of Yong province, Huan Wei, ran to Jiangling. Zongzhi advanced and came to Ji'nan. Zhen went himself to resist him, and made Huan Qian to stay and defend. At the time Yi and Daogui were already staying at Matou, and hurried to go and attack, Qian ran in flight. The very day they overcame Jiangling city. Zhen greatly routed Zongzhi and returned, he head the city had already fallen, and likewise ran. Wuji sheltered and guarded the Son of Heaven to turn back to the Imperial City, Daogui remained at Xiakou.

At the pacification of Jiangling, Daogui pushed forward Yi as first in merit, Wuji as second in merit, and placed himself behind them. He advanced in title to General who Assists the State, Controller of All Army Affairs North of the Huai, and Inspector of Bing province, Grand Warden of Yichang like before.

At the time, in Jing province, Xiang, Jiang and Yu there were still many remnant embers of the Huan clan who now and again gathered and joined up. He then using his original office was advanced to Controller of All Army Affairs of Jiang province's Wuchang, Jing province's Jiangxia, Sui, Yuyang, and Sui'an, Yu province's Xiyang, Runan, Yingchuan, and Xincai commaneries. He thereupon when suitable divided and pounded, allways thoroughly pacifying them. Due to his righteous achievements he was enfeoffed Duke of Huarong county, with a revenue estate of 3 000 households.

He moved to Envoy Holding the Tally, Commander-in-Chief of All Army Affairs of Jing, Ning, Qin, Liang# and Yong provinces and Si province's Henan, acting Colonel of Protects the Southern Man, Inspector Jing province, and General like before. He declined Southern Man to thereby confer it on Yin Shuwen. When Shuwen was executed, he then again return to act [as Colonel of the Southern Man]. He was good at governing, in legal and government affairs he was clear and rational, gentlemen and the population could not but be in awe and then be fond of him. Liu Jingxuan campaigned against Shu, but did not overcome. Daogui as the overseeing commander was demoted to General who Establishes Power.

Lu Xun robbed and pressured the Imperial District. Daogui dispatched the Marshal, Wang Zhenzhi, the General who Spreads the Martial, Tan Daoji, the General who Broadens the Martial, Dao Yanzhi, and others to go and aid the Imperial Court. They arrived at Xunayng, and were routed by the thief's partisan Xun Lin. He made to exploit the victory to strike at Jiangling, and spread the word that Xu Daofu had already overcome the Imperial District.

Then Huan Xian entered Shu from Chang'an, and Qiao Zong used Xian as Inspector of Jing province, and greatly added to his supplies and resources. He and his great general, Qiao Daofu together robbed Jiangling, only [?] to meet up with Lin. Lin garrisoned the Jiangjin, and Qian's army Zhijiang. The two robbers mutually combined to pressure, and divided and cut off the area between the capital district. Jing and Chu already was responsibility of the Huan clan of old [?], and all in their breasts were of different hearts. Daogui therefore assembled the generals and gentlemen, and informed them, saying:

Huan Qian now is close to the imperial domain, those who hear somewhat have plans of leaving or approaching [?]. The civil and military [officials] I come east with [?] are sufficent to aid in affairs. If there are those who wish to leave, in fact it will not be forbidden.

Following that at night he opened the city gates, and arrived at dawn they had not closed. The multitudes altogether dreaded and submitted, and there none who had left.

The Inspector of Yong province, Lu Zongzhi, led a multitude of several thousand from Xiangyang to come and attend. Someone said Zongzhi was impossible to fathom. Daogui therefore welcomed him on a single horse, Zongzhi felt happy. The opinion of the multitudes wished to make Tan Daoji and Dao Yanzhi strike together with Zongzhi. Daogui said:

Lu Xun closes round and isolates the Central Stream, fanning and extending similarities and differences [?]. Huan Qian and Xun Lin furthermore are heads and tail. People in their breast are imperilled and afraid, and do not have firm hearts, at the moment for success or defeat there is this one to raise up. If not I act myself, this affair will not be decided.

He therefore made Zongzhi stay and defend, entrusting him accordingly with belly and heart, and led the various armies to attack Qian.

The various generals and aides all firmly remonstrated, saying:

Now to set out afar to punish Qian, it is difficult to be certain of its success. Xun Lin is nearby at Jiangjin, waiting for a person's movement or stillness. Suppose he comes and attacks the city, Zongzhi is not certainly able to strengthen. If perhaps there is a fault or blunder, the great affair is gone.

Daogui said:

You Lords do not understand the opportunities of war, that is all. Xun Lin is stupid and immature, without the other one's irregular plans. Since I have gone not yet far away, he will surely not dare to head towards the city. If I now take Qian, going, arriving, and readily overcome, in the time of him being lost in doubts, we will already ourself have turned around and come back. If Qian is defeated, Lin will lay waste his courage, how will he be at ease and get to come? [?] Moreover, while Zongzhi defends alone, why would he not stand out for several days.

He relinquished Colonel of the Southern Man to thereby confer it on the Consultant Army Advisor Liu Zun. He swiftly departed to attack Qian, equally advancing on water and land. Qian was greatly defeated, and fled on a single barge, wishing to go down towards Lin. They pursued and beheaded him. They turned back and came to the river mouth. Lin also ran and scattered. Liu Zun led the army to pursue him. He arrived at Baling and beheaded him.

Earlier, when Qian arrived at Zhijiang, the gentlemen and commoners of Jiangling all corresponded with Qian, telling of the weaknesses and strengths inside of the city, everyone wishing to plan to be inside agents. Arriving at this point, the Army Advisor Cao Zhongzong collected and obtained them. Daogui thoroughly burned without inspection, the multitudes hence were greatly calmed. He was advanced in title to General who Conquers the West.

Before this, Huan Xin's son Dao'er had fled to the west of the Jian. He set out to strike Yiyang commandery, he and Lu Xun joined up with each other, and Xu sent Cai Meng to assist him. Daogui dispatched the Army Advisor Liu Ji to rout Dao'er at Dabo, approaching the deployment he beheaded Meng.

Xu Daofu led a multitude of 30 000, and suddenly arrived at Pozhong. Lu Zongzhi had already turned back to Xiangyang, and a pursuing summons did not catch up. People's feelings were greatly shaken. Someone passed on that Xun had already pacified the Imperial City, and had dispatched Daofu up [river] as Inspector. The gentlemen and commoners of Jiang and Han responded with burning the letters with favour [?], nobody again were of two minds.

Daogui made Liu Zun be the mobile army, he himself resisted Daofu at Yuzhangkou. The vanguard lacked success, Daogui's strong spirit was even sharper, inciting and raising up the Three Armies. Zun unexpectedly struck from outside, greatly routing them. The cut-off heads tallied more than 10 000, those who went into the water died almost to the last. Daofu ran on a single barge and turned back to Penkou.

Earlier, when he made Zun be the mobile army, the multitudes all stated:

Now a strong enemy is in front. Although troubled the multitudes are few, do not respond with cutting off and peeling off the strength, to set up land of no use. [?]

When he routed Daofu, and as a result obtained the strength of the mobile army, the multitudes then yielded to him.

Zun, courtesy name Huiming, was a native of Haixi in Linhuai, he was the maternal uncle of Daogui's mother, Ms. Xiao [?]. His rank in office reached General of the Right, Interior Clerk of Xuancheng and Grand Warden of Huainan. In the 10th Year of Yixi [414 AD], he passed on. He was posthumously conferred General who Consoles the Army. He was posthumously enfeoffed Marquis of Jianli county, with a revenue estate of 700 households.

Daogui was advanced in title to Great General who Conquers the West, Opening Office with the Same Ceremonies as the Three Ministers, concurrently Cavalier in Regular Attendance. He firmly declined. Soon after he was bedridden by illness. Changed the conferral to Commander-in-Chief of All Army Affairs of Yu and Jiang provinces, and Yang province's Xuancheng, Huainan, Lujiang, Liyang, Anfeng, and Tangyi commanderies, and Inspector of Yu province; Holding the Tally, Regular Attendant and General like before. Due to illness he did not serve. 8th Year, Intercalary Month [25 July – 22 August 412], he passed away in the Imperial City, at the time he was aged 43. [According to JS010, Liu Daogui died on gengzi in the 7th month, but there was no gengzi in that month. Probably he died on gengzi in the Intercalary month – 25 July 412.]

He was posthumously conferred Palace Attendant and Minister over the Masses, and had added thea squad of 20 swordsmen. His posthumous title was Arden and Martial [ziewu] Duke. For his merit in pacifying Huan Qian, he was advanced in fief to Duke of Nan commandery, with an estate of 5 000 households. When Gaozu accepted the instruction, he was conferred Grand Marshal, and posthumously enfeoffed King of Linchuan, revenue estate like previously.

#ss051

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