#so kelp anyone can have including humans and have no effect
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aurorangen · 1 year ago
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Just laugh it off
Transcript:
Dear Diary, today Uncle Billy taught me how to ride a bike! I learned pretty quickly and I can go so fast now, even faster than Charlie shhh!!
As a reward, I could buy anything I wanted…ANYTHING AT ALL! I said I really wanted this book of amazing facts, so off we went to the bookshop.
I found the book! Then I saw a page about kelp and the word mermaidic kelp. I was so confused, mermaids existing? I’ll ask Uncle Billy later, he knows everything. He’s a journalist and part time detective. I really look up to him!
On the way home, I started talking about new things I learned all from the top of my head! And then I asked Billy if mermaids exist.
Charlie started laughing at me. Billy said of course they don’t exist and started laughing. The I got the giggles. What a stupid question that was!
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ackusknal · 2 years ago
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audible-smiles · 5 years ago
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ok, we get it, cats can’t be vegan; but why not?
By now, you’ve probably heard people on this website saying that cats are obligate carnivores. That’s true! You have probably also have heard people say this loudly and self-righteously, without offering additional detail. What does it really mean, in nutritional practice, for an animal to be an obligate carnivore? What, specifically, does meat have that cats need? Is there really a bunch of people out there trying to put their cats on vegan diets? Is it actually that bad? This post was written for you, my intellectually curious friend.
Cats have a higher dietary requirement for protein: 
Cats (and I presume carnivores in general) convert protein into glucose and use it for energy at a relatively high rate. That’s a last ditch strategy for humans; if we’re starving, we’ll start using protein for energy, but most of the time we use carbohydrates, because it’s a more efficient process. Cats don’t have that option, because their natural diet (small rodents, birds, reptiles, and even bugs, with occasional nibbling on foliage) is very low-carb, so their metabolisms work differently. The minimum protein requirement in the cat is about 26%, compared to a minimum of 18% for dogs, which are better adapted to digest carbohydrates, and a minimum of 10% for humans, which are true omnivores. If they do not hit this minimum, cats will start catabolizing their own muscles to meet their energy requirements. Their maximum protein intake while hunting can be as high as 62%! 
Can this higher protein requirement be met with plant-based protein? Yes, but it’s difficult. Hydrolyzed protein diets are therapeutic pet foods for animals with food allergies. The protein macromolecules are broken down into peptides or even amino acids, which are actually too small for the immune system to recognize them as a threat. The protein for HP diets can be sourced from anything, and soybeans are often used. These diets are not truly vegetarian, as they usually include animal fats for better palatability, and may also use hydrolyzed protein sourced from animal products in order to hit their minimums. Vegan cat food manufacturers don’t have this option, so they have to add ingredients like yeast and/or molasses to get cats interested, and their protein percentages are often on the low side, which is not ideal.
Cats can’t synthesize arachidonic acid from linoleic acid: 
Arachidonic acid is a fatty acid found primarily in animal tissue. Most herbivores and omnivores can make it in their bodies using linoleic acid, which they get from plants. (Vegetable oils are a good source of linoleic acid for humans!) Cats don’t have the enzyme required to do this, so for them arachidonic acid is an essential nutrient, which means they have to get it from their diet. For a vegetarian cat food, chicken eggs would be a great source, but sourcing vegan arachidonic acid is more complicated.
Can you get arachidonic acid from non-animal sources? Maybe! Fungus in the genus Mortierella have been found to produce arachidonic acid. Theoretically you could farm this fungus and use it in cat food, although I have no idea if anyone is doing this right now. I don’t think its a cost-effective process yet, but someone somewhere is probably working on it. There are also some potential algae/seaweed sources, and those are definitely ingredients found in some pet foods, although I’m not sure if we have well-established science on how bioavailable plant sources of arachidonic acid are to carnivores- sometimes if you’re using a weird ingredient as a nutrient source you have to add more of it than usual, because it might be less efficiently digested/utilized.
Cats can’t synthesize vitamin A from carotenes: 
Vitamin A is another essential nutrient for cats. When people say that eating carrots is good for your eyes, they’re referring to the fact that the orange color of carrots comes from carotene, and our bodies break carotene down into retinol, a form of vitamin A, which is vital for ocular health and function. Just like with linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, cats cannot convert carotenes to retinol; they rely on their prey to do it for them. Butter, cheese and eggs are all potential sources of vitamin A, so we still might be able to make a vegetarian cat food if we use dairy.
Can you get Vitamin A from non-animal sources? Maybe! Please note that many plants listed as a “source of vitamin A” are really a source of carotenes, and not suitable for cats. But synthetic retinoids exist! (They’re used topically for acne, I guess, IDK anything about human medicine.) So I bet someone out there is making a synthetic vitamin A supplement, and I bet a cat food manufacturer could buy it. I also bet it would be significantly more expensive than just putting chicken liver in cat food. 
Cats can’t synthesize niacin from tryptophan:
Are you getting the picture here? Carnivores just aren’t equipped to make certain nutrients. Why bother, when you can get it so easily from your prey? Herbivores can make tryptophan and niacin from seeds, nuts, and legumes, and if they don’t have enough niacin, they can just synthesize it directly from the tryptophan. Carnivores can’t, and using eggs won’t save us this time, sadly.
Can you get niacin from non-animal sources? Probably! Peas, rice, and potatoes all have some amount of niacin, and all those ingredients are present in cat foods on the market today. So perhaps there’s still hope? The question here is whether cats can use plant sources of niacin efficiently enough to meet their daily requirements, which is not something I can tell you. But I’m sure there’s synthetic sources of these supplements as well. 
Cats have a higher dietary requirement for taurine:
Taurine is an amino sulfonic acid, which is basically just a fancy amino acid. It’s found in most animal tissues and is very important for all sorts of body functions. They put it in energy drinks for some reason, although again, humans can synthesize it just fine. Taurine deficiencies in animals can lead to blindness and heart disease (and deficiencies in vitamin A and niacin are no picnic either). Cats need more of it than dogs do, which is why you can’t just feed cats dog food.
Can you get taurine from non-animal sources? Yes! Most of the taurine we get these days is in fact synthesized in a lab. Apparently its more cost-effective to do that than to source it from animal products. 
Theoretically, if you managed to make a vegan cat food with appropriate levels of protein, arachidonic acid, vitamin A, niacin, and taurine, would that work? ...I can’t really say.
Nutrition is complicated. What works on paper doesn’t necessarily work in the body, and the only way you learn that is through trial and error. Personally, even as a vegetarian myself, I wouldn’t risk it. Nutritionally perfect, universally palatable vegan cat food would be an impressive feat of culinary engineering, but there’s so much risk involved. I’d want to see a lot more research than we currently have, with a lot more real-world feeding trials of vegan food.
Yes, there are vegan pet foods available today! Not a lot, because the pet food market has been unreasonably obsessed with high-protein MEAT MEAT MEAT diets for years now, but there’s a few. Looking at Wysong’s vegan formula, I see that its been formulated to meet the established nutritional minimums for both cats and dogs. Protein, 26%. Supplemented with vitamin A, niacin, and taurine, although they’re not legally required to tell me how much they use or where it comes from. I believe they are relying on kelp for the arachidonic acid. Theoretically, it might work. I want it to work. Would I trust it? Absolutely not. 
Look: if you feel strongly enough about veganism that you want your cat on a vegan diet, here’s what you do. Make an appointment with a board-certified veterinary nutritionist. Bring them a bag of the food you’re planning to use. They’re probably going to contact the company to get the typical nutrient analysis (which is more specific than the guaranteed analysis on the bag), cross reference that information with everything they know about cat nutrition (which is a LOT more than I know) and maybe even have a sample of the food sent to an independent feed analysis lab. If you do all of that that, and start a vegan diet trial under veterinary supervision, with the full intention of pulling the cat off of the trial if they show clinical signs of any nutritional deficiency...go for it.
edit: @weredrakka pointed out that sometimes synthetic versions of a molecule turn out not to work the exact same way that the natural version does, which I neglected to explicitly state because 1. I was sort of taking it for granted, and 2. chemistry is waaay above my paygrade. anyway, that’s part of why I’m hesitant!
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tillyr795337-blog · 5 years ago
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Eczema Pictures - Why Efas Are Paramount For Eczema
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skincarentrials-blog · 6 years ago
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Chanique Cream - Gives Your Skin A Better Nourishing Agent!
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sarafdsarx-blog · 5 years ago
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Buy Radiant Finesse online
Organic skin care is all the rage these days, and with good reason.
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ntrending · 6 years ago
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How your dog could go vegan and still stay healthy
New Post has been published on https://nexcraft.co/how-your-dog-could-go-vegan-and-still-stay-healthy/
How your dog could go vegan and still stay healthy
At least once a month, Los Angeles-based lawyer Lisa Bloom and her husband head into their kitchen to whip up a large batch of food for their two beloved rescue dogs. They mix together a range of ingredients, including rice or quinoa, kidney or other beans, coconut oil, peanut butter, and leftovers—though Bloom admits it can be difficult to get the dogs interested in any vegetables other than sweet potatoes. Crucially, it’s plant-based, much like Bloom’s diet. “I just don’t think it’s ethical for one group of animals to die so another can live if it’s at all possible to avoid that,” she says.
Bloom’s position doesn’t end at home. She’s part of a small group—which also includes the musician Moby—petitioning Los Angeles to introduce a vegan diet for all dogs in the city’s shelter system. “My friend Roger Wolfson is the L.A. animal commissioner and he started asking himself why they rescue chickens and rabbits and yet feed the dogs food that has chickens and rabbits in it,” says Bloom. She estimates that making this change could save up to 30,000 pounds of meat per month.
Bloom’s advocacy might seem radical—or at least “very L.A.”—but her small group of animal activists are actually part of a growing frontier for the almost $30 billion U.S. pet food market: vegan and slaughter-free meat alternatives for cats and dogs.
Faced with growing concerns about the environmental and ethical implications of feeding our furry companions, the future of premium pet food is going high tech to satisfy growing consumer consciousness and sense of personal responsibility. In addition to concerns about animal cruelty and the now well-known horrors of factory farming, consumers are also increasingly aware of the global implications of eating meat. One 2017 study found that pets are responsible for 25 to 30 percent of the environmental impact of meat consumption in the United States.
For this reason, the same processes to create animal-free or lab-grown meat for human consumption are now being replicated for pets—but with one very clear advantage. “Companies working on human fake meat are trying to get the form, taste, smell and tactile characteristics and all of that stuff perfect because that’s the only way the public will embrace it,” says Rich Kelleman, founder and CEO of Bond Pet Foods in Boulder. “We need to create a safe and effective product that has the identical nutritional profile as conventional meat, but a dog doesn’t care. We don’t have to get it to look and smell and taste like a steak, which gives us a lot more technical flexibility and reduces the cost.”
Kelleman, a former advertising executive, says that two things largely inspired him: growing concerns about his own consumption footprint, and Rumples, his rescue dog. “Boulder is a pretty progressive town when it comes to food culture, and when [my wife and I] got our puppy, we wanted to shop for her the same way,” he says. “But it was tricky because the pet industry hasn’t been very transparent about where things come from—especially the meat proteins, which is a core nutritional ingredient.”
Bond has described their fermentation process as similar to craft brewing. They grow animal proteins in a microbe by getting them to express the exact amino profiles they’re looking for and then harvesting them once they reach a certain density. Inside a fermentation tank, the mixture—which the company won’t disclose specifics on but describes as similar to a microalgae, yeast or fungi—undergoes oxygenation while being fed a nutrient-rich broth of sugars and vitamins, which will then be mixed with other ingredients like rice flour, coconut oil, flaxseed and carrots to create a whole meal. (They’re still developing a prototype.) “We don’t need to slaughter animals, and we don’t need all of that land or water or energy to produce equivalent calories,” says Kelleman.
Other pet food startups have channeled similar concerns into vegan alternatives or supplements. Wild Earth, a startup in Berkeley, California, has crafted dog treats out of koji, a protein-dense fungi commonly found in Japanese foods like soy sauce and sake. And a Philadelphia startup, Because Animals, is selling animal-free “superfood” supplements for cats and dogs while working on a whole meal replacement. The supplements include seaweed, organic blueberries, organic coconut flour and turmeric. “All of our ingredients are human grade,” says Shannon Falconer, CEO of Because Animals, who sometimes adds a scoop of her dog Trots’ supplement to her own smoothies.
Even for animal lovers, it’s not difficult to understand why someone might roll their eyes at the idea of feeding organic wheatgrass—a longtime staple of bourgeois human juice bar culture—to a dog. But Falconer says that these trends tie into a strong movement towards the humanization of our pets. “People want to feed their pets recognizable ingredients, the foods that [humans] can eat,” she says. “And like with humans, these are not nutrients that pets need to survive but they are nutrients that help pets thrive.” Falconer says that Because Animals is aiming to have a dental cookie comprised of kelp and nutritional yeast on the market by next year.
Again mirroring human food trends, most of these boutique animal-free pet foods will be priced at the premium end of the spectrum, at least initially. But as manufacturers both scale up and create efficiencies, and as consumer consciousness rises, they hope to extend beyond niche status.
Some critics might argue that these new-fangled diets are unnecessary or even harmful for animals that would eat meat in nature. But advocates have an evidence-backed counterargument. “Domesticated animals are eating food that’s very different from what they would be eating in the wild,” says Falconer. “They need specific nutrients, not specific ingredients.” The general consensus among supporters—bolstered by these 2014 and 2016 studies–is that dogs can thrive on a vegan diet, provided that diet is attentively calibrated to their well-documented nutritional needs.
Dogs have been domesticated for thousands of years and their diets, along with other pets’, have long since diverged from those of wild animals. That’s not to mention all the other changes we’ve forced them into, from wearing tiny sweaters to being pushed around in purpose-built strollers. We’ve long since acknowledged a special relationship with our pets that bears little resemblance to our relationship to other animals. Pet food should be no different.
Advocates like Bloom are hoping to blur the line between animal and companion even further to influence how we feed our pets. “Dogs are the ambassadors of the animal world sent to make us think about our choices,” she says. “I would consider anyone who loves a dog to extend that compassion to other animals.”
Written By Sarah Treleaven
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mrbobgove · 6 years ago
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Famous Women in Diving: Dr. Andrea Marshall
Dr. Andrea Marshall, also known as Queen of Mantas, is best known for her dedication to protecting manta rays and other marine megafauna. She is the co-founder of the Marine Megafauna Foundation (MMF), as well as one of the world’s leading authorities on manta rays. Here, we chat about how she became involved in conservation and the future of both MMF and conservation in general. 
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Let’s start at the beginning: when and where was your first dive, and how was it?
I was 12 years old when I became PADI certified and, even then, I was annoyed that I wasn’t allowed to qualify any earlier. I learned to dive in Monterey, California. It was a shore-entry dive and the water was freezing, but I still thought it was the most amazing place — diving under the kelp is like being in an underwater forest. I never regretted learning to dive in such an unforgiving place as it made me the strong, resilient diver I am today. Also, after diving in cold water my whole life, everywhere else feels tropical and I typically dive in a 1 mm everywhere I go.
Did you know right away that this was going to become a passion?
Put simply, yes! I’ve always been fascinated by the underwater world, even as a child. My mom tells me I used to talk about wanting to dive and study sharks since I was 5 and I’ve been passionate about marine life ever since.
What was the genesis for your research on and PhD in manta rays?
I was actually planning to study great white sharks for my PhD. But when I was in South Africa, I realized that I wanted to be in the water with my subjects and interact with them, which is impossible with great whites because you study them from the surface or the boat.
Subsequently, I had the opportunity to assess the conservation listing of manta rays for the IUCN Shark Specialist Group. Even though I loved mantas, I knew very little about them. As I tried to put together basic information on them, I realized there wasn’t much available, and the species was largely unstudied. This was so intriguing that I decided I would take on the challenge of researching them myself. Ultimately, I had to list manta rays as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List, but this really inspired me to learn more about their basic biology and ecology, so we could properly protect them in the future.
Why mantas? 
You can’t help but want to help these charismatic creatures. When you’re in the water with them, they’re very curious and will come and interact with you. When people ask me why I love them so much, the best way to answer would be to show you: you’d understand immediately if you saw them yourself in the ocean. They are truly one of our most iconic marine species.  
Why did/do you focus on Mozambique?
I was involved in many exploratory diving expeditions in Mozambique when the country first opened up from its civil war. During this time, I realized what a special location it was for diving. There were so many animals, especially large, threatened ones like whale sharks, whales, sea turtles, dugong and manta rays. Mozambique offered the perfect opportunity to study species that no one really knew anything about, at least not in Africa. Knowing that your efforts can help contribute to the conservation and management of important marine species in an unstudied area gives real meaning to your work, so it was a great location to focus on. I have never regretted this decision and I still live and work along this coastline.
You’re the co-founder of the Marine Megafauna Foundation. How did it come about?
I co-founded the Marine Megafauna Foundation (MMF) with my good friend Dr. Simon J. Pierce. As conservation biologists, we were passionate about megafauna — particularly manta rays and whale sharks — and set up the charity to research these species and other threatened marine giants. It has grown and evolved over time, but it started because we both agreed we wanted to be in the field full-time. We knew that while safeguarding the animals was a priority, so was educating and uplifting local communities who, at the end of the day, need to be the ambassadors for change in their area.
Can you tell us a bit about the foundation’s work today? It looks like you’ve got programs all over the world.
MMF’s vision is a world in which marine life and humans thrive together. Ocean giants play a critical role in the keeping the ocean healthy. So, if we look after megafauna, we’re also protecting the wider ecosystem and other marine life.
Since we founded MMF, our scientists have used pioneering research to educate local and global communities and inspire lasting conservation solutions. Our head office is in Tofo Beach, Mozambique, but we also have projects in many parts of the world. We’ve spearheaded some and others are collaborations with other NGOs. To achieve our vision, we must inspire people far and wide to take action. We are so grateful for our global support and for our many partners. To do this work takes a village and we are always looking for additional support and collaborators.
Divers are often eager to help when it comes to conservation. Can you tell us about the citizen science program that allows them to contribute?
It’s actually really easy for citizen-scientists to make a genuine impact on current scientific research. In our line of work, it’s as simple as uploading photos from your dive. Whale sharks and manta rays both have unique markings, like a fingerprint. On each have a unique spot pattern on their undersides. Anyone who swims with one of these gentle giants can help researchers identify and track individual animals by taking a photo and submitting it to WhaleShark.org and Manta Matcher, the global databases for these animals, along with a few details from their dive.
These websites, and others like it, represent a new trend to collect citizen-fueled data and open-source sightings records for research groups around the world. In our case, we can count how many whale sharks and manta rays are seen in a region, find out where they travel and how long they live. All this information can be critical to protecting them.
Since you began your work, what progress have you seen?
When I started working with manta rays, there was almost no formal research on these animals and very little was understood about their lives. While there’s still a lot we don’t know, we have made tremendous progress. I am proud to have been a part of a lot of groundbreaking research that has allowed us to study mantas more effectively. These include the development of non-invasive technology to collect DNA samples or algorithms that we use in photo-recognition software to track populations. I was so proud that only eight years after I was forced to list manta rays as data deficient on the IUCN Red List, we were able to upgrade their status to vulnerable to extinction after amassing enough information to show they were a vulnerable species globally.
This meant that eventually, manta rays were listed on the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), two of the most important global-conservation treaties. Many countries have also begun to protect their manta populations and develop management plans. Don’t get me wrong, there’s much more to be done to safeguard mantas globally — but we are well on our way.
What are the biggest setbacks you’ve faced with MMF?
The last 15 years have been quite a rollercoaster ride. While helping pioneer manta research was a great opportunity, working with an understudied species comes with many challenges. Our projects are largely in the developing world, which can be frustrating when things don’t move ahead as quickly as we would like. Many large manta-ray populations we’ve found have been in very logistically challenging locations, making it difficult and sometimes dangerous to conduct fieldwork.
Funding can also be a major stumbling block, slowing down or impeding our progress. Even for a good cause, it’s harder than people imagine raising the funds we need to keep our projects running. Satellite tags, for example, can be very pricey, and they only last a few months before they fall off the animal.
Any final thoughts on the future of marine megafauna and ocean conservation in general?
My hope is that we can live in a world one day where both marine life and humans thrive together. I dream of our oceans being respected, restored and used responsibly, and I hope in some small way to help motivate this paradigm shift. I seek to inspire people to protect our ocean’s gentle giants before we lose them forever, as we have so many other species. I strive to protect and preserve keystone marine habitats from negative human impacts and safeguard our ocean heritage before it’s too late. We have the tools; we have the knowledge. If we can find the will, we can tackle this challenge head-on and win.
  The post Famous Women in Diving: Dr. Andrea Marshall appeared first on Scuba Diver Life.
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wayneooverton · 6 years ago
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Famous Women in Diving: Dr. Andrea Marshall
Dr. Andrea Marshall, also known as Queen of Mantas, is best known for her dedication to protecting manta rays and other marine megafauna. She is the co-founder of the Marine Megafauna Foundation (MMF), as well as one of the world’s leading authorities on manta rays. Here, we chat about how she became involved in conservation and the future of both MMF and conservation in general. 
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Let’s start at the beginning: when and where was your first dive, and how was it?
I was 12 years old when I became PADI certified and, even then, I was annoyed that I wasn’t allowed to qualify any earlier. I learned to dive in Monterey, California. It was a shore-entry dive and the water was freezing, but I still thought it was the most amazing place — diving under the kelp is like being in an underwater forest. I never regretted learning to dive in such an unforgiving place as it made me the strong, resilient diver I am today. Also, after diving in cold water my whole life, everywhere else feels tropical and I typically dive in a 1 mm everywhere I go.
Did you know right away that this was going to become a passion?
Put simply, yes! I’ve always been fascinated by the underwater world, even as a child. My mom tells me I used to talk about wanting to dive and study sharks since I was 5 and I’ve been passionate about marine life ever since.
What was the genesis for your research on and PhD in manta rays?
I was actually planning to study great white sharks for my PhD. But when I was in South Africa, I realized that I wanted to be in the water with my subjects and interact with them, which is impossible with great whites because you study them from the surface or the boat.
Subsequently, I had the opportunity to assess the conservation listing of manta rays for the IUCN Shark Specialist Group. Even though I loved mantas, I knew very little about them. As I tried to put together basic information on them, I realized there wasn’t much available, and the species was largely unstudied. This was so intriguing that I decided I would take on the challenge of researching them myself. Ultimately, I had to list manta rays as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List, but this really inspired me to learn more about their basic biology and ecology, so we could properly protect them in the future.
Why mantas? 
You can’t help but want to help these charismatic creatures. When you’re in the water with them, they’re very curious and will come and interact with you. When people ask me why I love them so much, the best way to answer would be to show you: you’d understand immediately if you saw them yourself in the ocean. They are truly one of our most iconic marine species.  
Why did/do you focus on Mozambique?
I was involved in many exploratory diving expeditions in Mozambique when the country first opened up from its civil war. During this time, I realized what a special location it was for diving. There were so many animals, especially large, threatened ones like whale sharks, whales, sea turtles, dugong and manta rays. Mozambique offered the perfect opportunity to study species that no one really knew anything about, at least not in Africa. Knowing that your efforts can help contribute to the conservation and management of important marine species in an unstudied area gives real meaning to your work, so it was a great location to focus on. I have never regretted this decision and I still live and work along this coastline.
You’re the co-founder of the Marine Megafauna Foundation. How did it come about?
I co-founded the Marine Megafauna Foundation (MMF) with my good friend Dr. Simon J. Pierce. As conservation biologists, we were passionate about megafauna — particularly manta rays and whale sharks — and set up the charity to research these species and other threatened marine giants. It has grown and evolved over time, but it started because we both agreed we wanted to be in the field full-time. We knew that while safeguarding the animals was a priority, so was educating and uplifting local communities who, at the end of the day, need to be the ambassadors for change in their area.
Can you tell us a bit about the foundation’s work today? It looks like you’ve got programs all over the world.
MMF’s vision is a world in which marine life and humans thrive together. Ocean giants play a critical role in the keeping the ocean healthy. So, if we look after megafauna, we’re also protecting the wider ecosystem and other marine life.
Since we founded MMF, our scientists have used pioneering research to educate local and global communities and inspire lasting conservation solutions. Our head office is in Tofo Beach, Mozambique, but we also have projects in many parts of the world. We’ve spearheaded some and others are collaborations with other NGOs. To achieve our vision, we must inspire people far and wide to take action. We are so grateful for our global support and for our many partners. To do this work takes a village and we are always looking for additional support and collaborators.
Divers are often eager to help when it comes to conservation. Can you tell us about the citizen science program that allows them to contribute?
It’s actually really easy for citizen-scientists to make a genuine impact on current scientific research. In our line of work, it’s as simple as uploading photos from your dive. Whale sharks and manta rays both have unique markings, like a fingerprint. On each have a unique spot pattern on their undersides. Anyone who swims with one of these gentle giants can help researchers identify and track individual animals by taking a photo and submitting it to WhaleShark.org and Manta Matcher, the global databases for these animals, along with a few details from their dive.
These websites, and others like it, represent a new trend to collect citizen-fueled data and open-source sightings records for research groups around the world. In our case, we can count how many whale sharks and manta rays are seen in a region, find out where they travel and how long they live. All this information can be critical to protecting them.
Since you began your work, what progress have you seen?
When I started working with manta rays, there was almost no formal research on these animals and very little was understood about their lives. While there’s still a lot we don’t know, we have made tremendous progress. I am proud to have been a part of a lot of groundbreaking research that has allowed us to study mantas more effectively. These include the development of non-invasive technology to collect DNA samples or algorithms that we use in photo-recognition software to track populations. I was so proud that only eight years after I was forced to list manta rays as data deficient on the IUCN Red List, we were able to upgrade their status to vulnerable to extinction after amassing enough information to show they were a vulnerable species globally.
This meant that eventually, manta rays were listed on the Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) and the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), two of the most important global-conservation treaties. Many countries have also begun to protect their manta populations and develop management plans. Don’t get me wrong, there’s much more to be done to safeguard mantas globally — but we are well on our way.
What are the biggest setbacks you’ve faced with MMF?
The last 15 years have been quite a rollercoaster ride. While helping pioneer manta research was a great opportunity, working with an understudied species comes with many challenges. Our projects are largely in the developing world, which can be frustrating when things don’t move ahead as quickly as we would like. Many large manta-ray populations we’ve found have been in very logistically challenging locations, making it difficult and sometimes dangerous to conduct fieldwork.
Funding can also be a major stumbling block, slowing down or impeding our progress. Even for a good cause, it’s harder than people imagine raising the funds we need to keep our projects running. Satellite tags, for example, can be very pricey, and they only last a few months before they fall off the animal.
Any final thoughts on the future of marine megafauna and ocean conservation in general?
My hope is that we can live in a world one day where both marine life and humans thrive together. I dream of our oceans being respected, restored and used responsibly, and I hope in some small way to help motivate this paradigm shift. I seek to inspire people to protect our ocean’s gentle giants before we lose them forever, as we have so many other species. I strive to protect and preserve keystone marine habitats from negative human impacts and safeguard our ocean heritage before it’s too late. We have the tools; we have the knowledge. If we can find the will, we can tackle this challenge head-on and win.
  The post Famous Women in Diving: Dr. Andrea Marshall appeared first on Scuba Diver Life.
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Weight Loss Supplements And Fat Burn
Extreme Forskolin
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Moringa Foliage is probably one of the most beneficial a part of the plant. They are packed full with almost all the the essential vitamins persons need on the daily basic foundation. The great thing about the leaves is they own ample supplies of every vitamin, it's unlikely that any. There are many other super herbs and foods out there that are great, most are in order to one or two beneficial ingredients. Moringa leaves a great amazing quantity nutrients in them, around 90 throughout all! This article isn't even in order to long enough to list the amount of nutrients found on a Moringa leaf the they are capable of for you. Short term effects may be limited in order to some minor lightheadedness and some digestion issues (one pharmacists warned me about getting "gassy"). Much more on long-term effects Forskolin Diet is kind of limited and what I found is too inconclusive to bring up. It is said to decrease your desire to consume and eat. There was a report done in 2004 that looked at hoodia's ingredient p57. These studies showed that rats which were injected with p57 ate much lower than rats that have injected with placebos. These studies although valuable, does not even prove that hoodia or p57 will reduce hunger in human beings. The p57 was taken by rats within an injection, and different from humans taking it in oral come to be. Almost all of the weight reduction supplements have several different ingredients. If you are buying a product provides 5% (or less) raspberry ketone and she has 45% (or more) caffeine, then using such a merchandise is suicidal. I mean such a top-notch percentage of caffeine will truly reduce your weight significantly however will present a associated with other problems with it. Is just comes down to doing investigation and getting all from the facts and knowledge that you can. Then make a plan that a few seconds . will work and keep it up. Make it a commitment to achieve your goals and never quit. Here's some great guidelines to help you get on your own goals in the much easier way. You know when you're at the gym, the beach or even just hanging out with your friends and you're they make one who is not proud enough consider your shirt off? Well the elements that are in this particular acai Forskolin diet might you change that and ask you feeling great about yourself. What do other people say that weight loss pill? - Ask individuals that Forskolin Weight Loss have used the product how did it work these. If you don't know anyone who's used the product, try online weight forums and post a new topic there or make use of a search function in order to find an answer. Don't give up so easily, the response is out at this time there. Another thing you can do is posted some independent reviews of weight loss pills and continue to make a conclusion their particular data. That you just ask others if they had any negative effects while using the pill! By giving yourself iodine, you also lose fat around your belly quickly by speeding your own metabolism. The vitamin helps with the overall function of the thyroid gland, resulting in significant fat reduction. Fantastic sources of iodine include sea vegetables, such as sea-kelp, within milk, yogurt and mozzarella cheese.
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asrafalikhaan-blog · 7 years ago
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Beauty Care Tips Countless Don't Know About
We all want younger-looking skin and delicious solid foods. Why not get both at one time? You can eat to your website to younger-looking skin! The actual meals you put in mouth area shows on your eyes. A poor diet will literally show on your face.prime ageless serum An individual eat well, you glimpse well.
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Even for anyone who is shopping for organic products, you most likely will not get a ton. Using the label reading tip, you need to check the Skin Care Review water content of your items. You could purchase a natural product areas mostly ingesting water. Since water is organic, they're technically not lying for. However, you're not buying a great application. Purchase products with actual helpful ingredients. You may get water in the.
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dietpillswatchdog · 7 years ago
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Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend is a supplement designed to control food cravings and support a healthy metabolism. According to the advertising, this supplement helps your body use existing fat for energy rather than adding to fat stores. This sounds good but does Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend work in the way as described? More importantly, is it safe?
Wonderslim is a brand that comes from Diet Direct, a US company founded in 2001. Wonderslim provides a wide range of meal replacement shakes, drinks, meal plans and supplements to help you lose weight safely. Their flagship products are built around protein but there is also a range of supplements such as this one.
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Pros
Free of stimulants
Good guarantee
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Cons
Likely to cause serious side effects
No customer feedback
Limited information on the product
Watchdog Rejected Diet Pills
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What You Need To Know About Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend comes with the claims that it will control food cravings and help prevent fat accumulation but provides very little information about how this will actually be achieved. We looked into the formula of 27 ingredients and found that although some of these may come with some clinical evidence, many individual components are in too low quantities to be effective. In addition the risk of side effects is high.
What Are The Side Effects Of Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend?
Potential side effects may include diarrhoea, increase in urine output, dehydration, risk of disruption of monthly periods and miscarriage, vomiting, fatigue, changes to blood sugar levels, changes to blood pressure, abdominal pain, headaches, liver damage and allergic reactions.
How Much Does Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Cost?
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend is not very expensive. One bottle of 90 capsules costs $26.29. However you are advised to take 4 capsules each day so your bottle will only last for around 22 days. Strangely, the serving size is equal to 3 capsules which does not make a lot of sense.
If you sign up to the company’s ‘subscribe and save’ option for a regular deliver of supplements (auto ship) to be delivered every 30 days, you benefit from a 15% reduction from your second order. According to the terms and conditions this agreement can be cancelled at any time as long as it is at least 2 days before your delivery date.
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend does not seem to be on sale elsewhere so you cannot shop around.
Our Verdict On Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend
When we first saw Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend, we thought it looked pretty good. We liked the lack of stimulants and the fact that it contains amino acids and vitamins.
However, on closer inspection, we thought this diet pill was deceptively dangerous. It contains a range of unproven herbal ingredients in unknown quantities such as buchu which is known for some pretty serious side effects. Some of the ingredients will have a laxative and diuretic effect too and we are always concerned about spirulina and seaweed because so much of this is tainted by contamination.
There are some good points. Wonderslim (Diet Direct) seems to be a reputable company and the guarantee policy is second to none. But in our opinion this just does not make taking this supplement worth the risk of side effects.
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Key Features
Ingredients
Side Effects
Testimonials
Guarantee
Where to Buy
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Review
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend is a supplement that according to the advertising will support your own weight loss efforts such as an exercise plan and healthy diet. It is also suitable for use with the Wonderslim range of meal replacement protein shakes.
Although this supplement is billed as a lipotropic blend which makes it sound like a fat burner, this supplement does not contain stimulants such as caffeine as is usual in these types of diet pill. Instead the effects will come from the range of amino acids, vitamins and herbal ingredients. There is nothing here that will see you climbing the walls but that said, some of the ingredients do come with some health concerns. We will look into this later in the review.
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Facts
Each bottle contains 90 capsules
Only available from the Wonderslim website
Contains 27 ingredients
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend contains a wide range of ingredients. Some come with full ingredient serving sizes provided, such as the vitamins and some of the herbal extracts. The other components of this supplement come under a proprietary blend.
Seaweed extract Bladderwrack features highly and there is also kelp in the proprietary blend. Seaweed can help weight loss because scientists have discovered that it contains a substance called alginate can suppress the digestion of fat in the gut. It also contains spirulina – microscopic algae that comes from freshwater sources and is a rich source of nutrients. Although these ingredients are inherently safe there are some concerns about the risk of contamination by pollution.
Other ingredients include inositol, a substance that is similar to a vitamin and present in the human body. It is a type of sugar that plays a role in maintaining cell structure. It is sometimes used by diabetics in order to prevent against nerve damage caused by long-term high blood sugar.
How to Take Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend
Take 4 capsules daily preferably with meals or as directed by a healthcare professional. For best results, take 2 capsules with 8 ounces of water before breakfast and again before dinner. This product should be used in conjunction with a sensible diet and exercise program. Do not exceed recommended dose.
It contains Garcinia Cambogia, a popular weight loss ingredient which is supposed to increase serotonin levels and help your body prevent fat gain.
The principal ingredient, however, is Choline Bitartrate. People take choline for a range of purposes including brain health, liver disease and to improve athletic performance.
The Wonderslim brand is mainly known for the range of meal replacement shakes and low-fat slimming products and this supplement could provide additional support.
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Concerns:
The label information states that a serving is equal to 3 capsules. Yet you are advised to take 2 x 2 capsule servings a day. This does not make sense.
The side effects. These ingredients may pose a risk to health especially if taken long term.
The guarantee seems great but we have been unable to find anyone who has actually tried to claim it. Will the company really provide a 150% refund?
Wonderslim looks very similar to other weight loss companies such as Slimming World. You choose a menu and order in instant meals or alternatively cook from the menu, replacing some of your meals with protein shakes and low-fat snack bars and drinks. This approach works for some people but in our opinion, following a healthy weight loss diet and preparing your own food is a better option. It is more cost effective and helps you to reinforce habits that should last you a lifetime rather than relying on products.
What Does Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Claim To Do?
According to the product information the key benefits are as follows:
Helps Control Appetite While Boosting Your Metabolism
Encourages Your Body To Use Fat As Fuel
126% DV of Chromium Picolinate per Serving
Contains Conjugated and Gamma-Linoleic Acids
150 mg Garcinia Cambogia (50% HCA)
938% DV of Vitamin B6 per Serving
Made in the USA
You can use this supplement with your own healthy eating plan. It does not require you to use other Wonderslim products,
Used with a healthy eating plan and regular exercise, this advanced formula encourages your body’s natural ability to use fat as fuel rather than storing it.
The advertising states that the supplement ‘contains a variety of compounds and nutrients which have been shown to help control food cravings and support the development of a healthy metabolism’.
This sounds good but we would have liked to see some proof about these claims.
The supplement contains,
A proprietary blend of beneficial natural plants, spices and berries work together with a balanced mixture of popular weight-loss supplements to make this lipotropic formula an efficient weapon in your war against excess pounds.
Not all the plant extracts used in this supplement are beneficial. Some can cause side effects.
Does Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Work?
It might work but in our opinion many of the listed ingredient quantities seem a little light and we have no proper information about the quantities in the proprietary blend.
The vitamins and amino acids will probably provide a support to health but many of the listed ingredients are not strictly proven to work. For example, Garcinia Cambogia has very little effect despite clinical testing. Inositol is a useful vitamin substance that can be effective for conditions such as panic attacks but this does not mean it will help you lose weight.
We are concerned about some of the herbal ingredients too. Some of these are known for side effects.
What Are The Ingredients of Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend?
Serving size is equal to three capsules. This is strange because you are advised to take 2 capsules twice a day so this does not really add up.
Vitamin C (45 mg): Important water soluble vitamin which is essential to human health yet not produced or stored in the body.
Vitamin B6 (18.75 mg): Vitamin with multiple functions in the body.
Chromium (150 mcg): Chromium is a trace mineral so is required by the body in tiny amounts. It may help the body regulate blood sugar levels.
Gamma-Linoleic Acid (75 mg): A fatty substance presents in plant oils and an omega 6 fatty acid. May help repair damaged cells.
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (37.5 mg): Group of natural chemicals found in meat and dairy products which are often taken in supplement form as a natural fat burner. It appears to reduce fat but not muscle so is popular with bodybuilders. However quantities here are insufficient as the usual serving size is between 1.8-7 g daily.
Bladderwrack (37.5 mg): Also called Fucus Vesiculosus this type of seaweed contains varying quantities of iodine so can affect the thyroid gland. It also contains alginate that is a compound that seems to prevent the digestion of fat. It causes it to pass through the body instead.
Choline Bitartrate (375 mg): Choline is similar to the B vitamins and is used by the body for many chemical reactions. There is no real evidence it will improve athletic performance and although some people claim it reduces high cholesterol it lacks proof.
Inositol (375 mg): This substance is similar to a vitamin and is present in the human body where it plays a role in maintaining cell structure. It is sometimes used by diabetics in order to prevent against nerve damage caused by long-term high blood sugar.
Gymnaema Sylvestre Powder (75 mg): Natural shrub extract that seems to decrease the body’s absorption of sugar. Needs further medical research but it may be effective as a treatment for diabetes.
Garcinia Cambogia (150 mg): Much touted plant extract that is believed to help weight loss. It contains Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) which is believed to help the body block a digestive enzyme called citrate amalyse which breaks down carbs into fat. There is very little proof that it works as described.
L-Carnitine (18.75 mg): Carnitine is similar to an amino acid and is present in all the cells of the body. It helps the body use fatty acids to produce energy. Some research suggests that Carnitine supplements can improve exercise performance by reducing muscle glycogen usage and lactate – an enzyme that accumulates during exercise and leads to fatigue.
Curcumin Powder (18.75 mg): Everybody is talking about Turmeric as this powder is also known. However you would do better in just adding turmeric to spicy food dishes. It is used for many conditions including nausea, heartburn, diarrhoea and more.
CoQ10 (3.75 mg): Natural body substance similar to a vitamin that plays a role in the production of energy. CoQ10 is obtainable by diet – especially oily fish and organ meats such as liver and kidneys. Can cause insomnia. May have health benefits but amounts contained in this supplement are unknown.
Proprietary Blend (751.5mg)
Kelp: Alternative name for Bladderwrack. See above.
Spirulina: This microscopic alga comes from freshwater sources and is a rich source of nutrients, leading people to describe it as a superfood. It is touted for numerous conditions such as bacterial infections but there are some health risks due to potential contamination of the waters it grows in.
L-Phenylalanine: Amino acid shown to assist general brain function. It is important for the formation of brain chemicals such as epinephrine and dopamine and for healthy nervous system function. May give you a short-lived ‘buzz’ directly after taking. Quantities unknown here.
L-Tyrosine: This amino acid is made in body that helps the body convert fat into energy as well as being important for mental functioning.
L-Methionine: Amino acid that has a cleansing effect on the body. It is used as a treatment for Tylenol poisoning and may help conditions such as Parkinson’s disease.
Bromelain: Enzyme present in pineapple juice. It is used to reduce swelling.
Psyllium: Fibrous material that is used as a laxative. It is the major component in the OTC laxative Fibrogel.
Juniper Berries: best known as the flavouring in gin, juniper berries have been used traditionally as a female birth control because they can bring on miscarriage.
Uva Ursi: This natural plant extract is believed to be effective for urinary tract disorders and kidney infections. Has a diuretic effect and lacks evidence regarding long-term safety. May interact with medication and can cause gastrointestinal side effects. It can also induce labour so should not be used if you are pregnant or trying to conceive.
Buchu Leaves: Herbal extract from South Africa that is used as a treatment for cystitis and urinary tract infections. Increases urine output.
Cloves, Allspice, Cinnamon, Cranberry & Grapefruit.
Does Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Have Any Side Effects?
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend contains many ingredients in unknown quantities so there is a high risk of side effects .
These may include:
Diarrhoea
Increased urination
Dehydration
Amenorrhoea
Vomiting
Fatigue
High/low blood sugar levels
Hypertension
Hypotension
Abdominal pain
Headaches
Liver damage
Allergic reaction
Caution: Not suitable for individuals under 18. Avoid if pregnant, breast feeding or trying to conceive. Speak to your physician first if you have an underlying health condition or are taking prescription medication because this supplement will cause interactions. If you experience side effects, cease taking and take medical advice immediately. Avoid taking this product in conjunction with other dietary supplements which contain high levels of elemental chromium.
Are There Any Customer Reviews For Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend?
No, there are no customer reviews available for Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend.
Does Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend Offer a Money-Back Guarantee?
Yes there is a money back guarantee and it looks very good. We asked the company about this via their customer service live chat and they were very helpful.
There is a 60-day guarantee which refunds you a whopping 150% percent of the purchase price. You can return your unwanted item for a full refund or exchange.
Where Can I Buy Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend?
Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend i9s only available from the Wonderslim website. At the time of writing it is not on sale from other retailers such as Amazon unlike many other Wonderslim products.
The post Wonderslim Lipotropic Blend appeared first on Diet Pills Watchdog.
http://ift.tt/20dXvcA
0 notes
cristinajourdanqp · 7 years ago
Text
CrossFit’s Criticisms: How Do I Keep Energy Levels High on Primal?
Over the past two posts in this series, I’ve explained how a Primal way of eating can not only support a heavy CrossFit schedule, but elevate it. Today, I’m going to explain how going Primal can help fix a common complaint among CrossFitters: fatigue. No energy. No pep. A distinct lack of physical and psychological motivation to train, let alone hit PRs. This doesn’t just make it hard to finish workouts and make gains. It bleeds into the rest of your life and makes that worse, too.
Here’s a typical query from a committed CrossFitter suffering from low energy.
I feel like I have been doing everything right lately. Eating clean, working out everyday. But recently WODs that would typically do pretty well at have been killing me. To the point I am the last finished in every class. This came out of nowhere. What could it be? Anyone else experience anything like this?
“Eating clean”: Eating too few calories and/or carbohydrates. We already know what’s wrong with that.
“Working out everyday”: This isn’t just hard on the body, it’s downright counterproductive. Daily workouts will shatter most people, particularly on the level of CrossFit WODs, and have them out the other end in worse shape than before. I’ll be doing a post on CrossFit and recovery soon, but it’s worth noting for today that CrossFit recommends three days on and one day off. That plan may or may not work for an individual based on any number of factors (more to come there…).
Or this one, from the CF forum:
I have gone off my usual oats that i used to have for breakfast. i have reduced my fruit to 1.5 servings a day, nor am i currently consuming anything starchy, like, beans or sweet potatoes (my fave), i eliminated these and all dairy just to see what happens. Now my body is reacting with sluggishness and fat cravings (sunflower seeds, anyone?) Despite that I still go train hard and sweaty but I noticed it’s taking me forever to recover. My leafy salads and eggs and chicken breasts (all i eat basically) are just not cutting it. how do i get over it? please help! grains are disgusting, they bloat me. dairy causes breakouts. no going back. thanks for advice…
The reasons for this person’s lack of energy is even more glaring. “Nothing starchy,” no longer eating “my fave” sweet potatoes, leafy salads and chicken breasts. She’s barely eating!
I’ve said my piece on macronutrient interventions. Since a major reason for fatigue is inadequate food and macronutrient intake, increasing carb intake and eating more calories overall from whole-food Primal sources will give you more caloric and nutrient density.
I’m not here to suggest you modify the workouts. They are what they are. This isn’t about changing CrossFit. This is about working with it. That’s the beauty of this Primal stuff—it applies to everything because it’s all-encompassing, because it’s about making you the best, healthiest, most productive human you can be. And humans do all sorts of different things. Like CrossFit.
So, what does Primal have to offer a CrossFitter who wants more energy for training sessions and normal waking (yawning) life?
Honor Your Circadian Rhythm
Most people think of the circadian rhythm in terms of sleep and sleep alone. Sleep is a big part of the circadian picture, but it’s not everything. Every single cell in your body follows a circadian rhythm. Circadian clocks are attached to every piece of peripheral tissue, embedded in every organ, enmeshed in every physiological system. Even your skin’s resistance to UV damage follows a circadian schedule.
What does this mean? If your circadian rhythm is off-kilter, every cell and physiological process in your body functions differently. Problems arise. Energy production slows. Every standard physiological process runs a little funny. When your circadian rhythm is off, you’re off. Nothing works quite right. You’re not yourself.
Expose yourself to natural light during the morning and daytime. This helps set your circadian rhythm and gets you in tune with the sun’s rise and fall. It also energizes, and that’s great. Vitamin D is one of the most important vitamin-like substances around. But sunlight is also a great source of blue light that keeps us awake at night and alert and energized during the day. It has to be real, natural light. For all our access to artificial lighting indoors, our daytime light exposure is downright pathetic.
Limit artificial light at night. Blue light (from screens, smartphones) tricks your circadian rhythm into thinking it’s daytime all over again. UVEX safety goggles block blue light, are completely affordable.
Get to sleep at a reasonable hour. Miss sleep, miss reps. Lose sleep, lose your footing during the jerk. Sleep is when we recover from past bodily insults, like doing Fran or high rep zercher squats. It’s when we consolidate memories. It’s when we burn fat and release growth hormone. It’s even when we release a large amount of ATPe, a surge of the body’s energy currency. Miss your sleep, miss that surge.
Balance the Intensity of CrossFit with the Tranquility of Nature
CrossFit is stressful. It’s acute stressor after acute stressor, which is a double-edged blade. This is why it works so well but also why some people can burn themselves out. A person simply can’t go hard without resting. There are limits.
Get out into nature every day if you can but at least once a week, preferably twice. Nature is a hard reset for your monkey mind. It’s returning home to the source. Extensive research shows that this kind of excursion can reduce stress, the same stress that’s pushing you over the edge and destroying your will to live. Spending time in nature is an easy fix (if it works, and it often does), providing a quick but effective stanch against the stress.
Nature doesn’t have to be the forest. It can be desert, beach, lake, marsh, swamp, meadow, prairie, bog, jungle. Even a city park can work. Use what you have.
Focus on Micronutrients
The Primal eating plan has always identified and promoted the consumption of otherwise obscure micronutrients, many of which play major roles in energy production.
Iodine: The raw building block for thyroid hormone, which drives metabolic rate. Low intakes can cause hypothyroid, and then you’re lagging. Best sources include seaweed (especially kelp/kombu), dairy, and eggs.
Selenium: We need selenium to convert inactive thyroid hormone into active thyroid hormone, the stuff that actually has an effect on our energy levels. Brazil nuts (just one or two will provide the RDA) and wild salmon are the best sources.
Magnesium: Magnesium is a cofactor in over 300 physiological systems and enzymatic reactions making it a crucial…. blah blah blah. You’ve heard the spiel before. Magnesium is important. For energy levels, it’s almost everything. Without adequate magnesium, we produce very little ATP, the body’s energy currency.
Glycine: Taken an hour before bed, glycine—the primary amino acid in gelatin/collagen—promotes more restful sleep and promotes wakefulness and better performance the next day, even if you force sleep restriction.
If you’re doing CrossFit without paying attention to your intake of iodine, selenium, magnesium, and glycine/collagen, you risk losing energy levels.
Get Fat-Adapted
Though I’ve focused primarily on non-dietary factors today, I’ll close with perhaps the most momentous modification you can make to support your daily energy levels: getting fat-adapted.
Fat-adaptation allows you to easily tap into your own body fat stores in between meals, providing a steady source of clean-burning energy. Fat-adaptation tends to normalize blood glucose readings, so you’re no longer chasing the sugar dragon up into hyperglycemia and down into hypoglycemia.
Fat-adaptation doesn’t imply exclusive low carb eating for life. CrossFit and other intense training regimens give the fat-adapted a lot of leeway with their carb intake. As Peter Attia explains, you can still carb up before and after your training sessions without compromising your ability to tap into body fat for energy as long as you create a glycogen debt that must be refilled and your carbs don’t exceed the debt. CrossFit, with its full-body, high-intensity, moderate-to-high-volume training, just might be the most reliable way to create an economy-rending amount of glycogen debt.
(Note: For those who aren’t fat-adapted yet, understand that it’s a process and will take a few weeks. It will likely require a temporary change to your training schedule to accommodate the metabolic shifts taking place. Let adaptation trump performance for a short time. Results aren’t instantaneous, but they’re worth the short-term adjustment.)
In the end, having adequate energy boils down to support.
Eating enough calories and carbs and protein and fat to support your training.
Supporting your biologically-appropriate circadian rhythm by getting bright light during the day, dim light at night, and having a reasonable bedtime.
Eating adequate amounts of the basic micronutrients that support energy production.
Spending time in nature to support your body’s need for rest, relaxation, and green spaces.
Thanks for reading today, everyone. Have thoughts or questions on energy and high intensity exercise? Share them below.
0 notes
fishermariawo · 7 years ago
Text
CrossFit’s Criticisms: How Do I Keep Energy Levels High on Primal?
Over the past two posts in this series, I’ve explained how a Primal way of eating can not only support a heavy CrossFit schedule, but elevate it. Today, I’m going to explain how going Primal can help fix a common complaint among CrossFitters: fatigue. No energy. No pep. A distinct lack of physical and psychological motivation to train, let alone hit PRs. This doesn’t just make it hard to finish workouts and make gains. It bleeds into the rest of your life and makes that worse, too.
Here’s a typical query from a committed CrossFitter suffering from low energy.
I feel like I have been doing everything right lately. Eating clean, working out everyday. But recently WODs that would typically do pretty well at have been killing me. To the point I am the last finished in every class. This came out of nowhere. What could it be? Anyone else experience anything like this?
“Eating clean”: Eating too few calories and/or carbohydrates. We already know what’s wrong with that.
“Working out everyday”: This isn’t just hard on the body, it’s downright counterproductive. Daily workouts will shatter most people, particularly on the level of CrossFit WODs, and have them out the other end in worse shape than before. I’ll be doing a post on CrossFit and recovery soon, but it’s worth noting for today that CrossFit recommends three days on and one day off. That plan may or may not work for an individual based on any number of factors (more to come there…).
Or this one, from the CF forum:
I have gone off my usual oats that i used to have for breakfast. i have reduced my fruit to 1.5 servings a day, nor am i currently consuming anything starchy, like, beans or sweet potatoes (my fave), i eliminated these and all dairy just to see what happens. Now my body is reacting with sluggishness and fat cravings (sunflower seeds, anyone?) Despite that I still go train hard and sweaty but I noticed it’s taking me forever to recover. My leafy salads and eggs and chicken breasts (all i eat basically) are just not cutting it. how do i get over it? please help! grains are disgusting, they bloat me. dairy causes breakouts. no going back. thanks for advice…
The reasons for this person’s lack of energy is even more glaring. “Nothing starchy,” no longer eating “my fave” sweet potatoes, leafy salads and chicken breasts. She’s barely eating!
I’ve said my piece on macronutrient interventions. Since a major reason for fatigue is inadequate food and macronutrient intake, increasing carb intake and eating more calories overall from whole-food Primal sources will give you more caloric and nutrient density.
I’m not here to suggest you modify the workouts. They are what they are. This isn’t about changing CrossFit. This is about working with it. That’s the beauty of this Primal stuff—it applies to everything because it’s all-encompassing, because it’s about making you the best, healthiest, most productive human you can be. And humans do all sorts of different things. Like CrossFit.
So, what does Primal have to offer a CrossFitter who wants more energy for training sessions and normal waking (yawning) life?
Honor Your Circadian Rhythm
Most people think of the circadian rhythm in terms of sleep and sleep alone. Sleep is a big part of the circadian picture, but it’s not everything. Every single cell in your body follows a circadian rhythm. Circadian clocks are attached to every piece of peripheral tissue, embedded in every organ, enmeshed in every physiological system. Even your skin’s resistance to UV damage follows a circadian schedule.
What does this mean? If your circadian rhythm is off-kilter, every cell and physiological process in your body functions differently. Problems arise. Energy production slows. Every standard physiological process runs a little funny. When your circadian rhythm is off, you’re off. Nothing works quite right. You’re not yourself.
Expose yourself to natural light during the morning and daytime. This helps set your circadian rhythm and gets you in tune with the sun’s rise and fall. It also energizes, and that’s great. Vitamin D is one of the most important vitamin-like substances around. But sunlight is also a great source of blue light that keeps us awake at night and alert and energized during the day. It has to be real, natural light. For all our access to artificial lighting indoors, our daytime light exposure is downright pathetic.
Limit artificial light at night. Blue light (from screens, smartphones) tricks your circadian rhythm into thinking it’s daytime all over again. UVEX safety goggles block blue light, are completely affordable.
Get to sleep at a reasonable hour. Miss sleep, miss reps. Lose sleep, lose your footing during the jerk. Sleep is when we recover from past bodily insults, like doing Fran or high rep zercher squats. It’s when we consolidate memories. It’s when we burn fat and release growth hormone. It’s even when we release a large amount of ATPe, a surge of the body’s energy currency. Miss your sleep, miss that surge.
Balance the Intensity of CrossFit with the Tranquility of Nature
CrossFit is stressful. It’s acute stressor after acute stressor, which is a double-edged blade. This is why it works so well but also why some people can burn themselves out. A person simply can’t go hard without resting. There are limits.
Get out into nature every day if you can but at least once a week, preferably twice. Nature is a hard reset for your monkey mind. It’s returning home to the source. Extensive research shows that this kind of excursion can reduce stress, the same stress that’s pushing you over the edge and destroying your will to live. Spending time in nature is an easy fix (if it works, and it often does), providing a quick but effective stanch against the stress.
Nature doesn’t have to be the forest. It can be desert, beach, lake, marsh, swamp, meadow, prairie, bog, jungle. Even a city park can work. Use what you have.
Focus on Micronutrients
The Primal eating plan has always identified and promoted the consumption of otherwise obscure micronutrients, many of which play major roles in energy production.
Iodine: The raw building block for thyroid hormone, which drives metabolic rate. Low intakes can cause hypothyroid, and then you’re lagging. Best sources include seaweed (especially kelp/kombu), dairy, and eggs.
Selenium: We need selenium to convert inactive thyroid hormone into active thyroid hormone, the stuff that actually has an effect on our energy levels. Brazil nuts (just one or two will provide the RDA) and wild salmon are the best sources.
Magnesium: Magnesium is a cofactor in over 300 physiological systems and enzymatic reactions making it a crucial…. blah blah blah. You’ve heard the spiel before. Magnesium is important. For energy levels, it’s almost everything. Without adequate magnesium, we produce very little ATP, the body’s energy currency.
Glycine: Taken an hour before bed, glycine—the primary amino acid in gelatin/collagen—promotes more restful sleep and promotes wakefulness and better performance the next day, even if you force sleep restriction.
If you’re doing CrossFit without paying attention to your intake of iodine, selenium, magnesium, and glycine/collagen, you risk losing energy levels.
Get Fat-Adapted
Though I’ve focused primarily on non-dietary factors today, I’ll close with perhaps the most momentous modification you can make to support your daily energy levels: getting fat-adapted.
Fat-adaptation allows you to easily tap into your own body fat stores in between meals, providing a steady source of clean-burning energy. Fat-adaptation tends to normalize blood glucose readings, so you’re no longer chasing the sugar dragon up into hyperglycemia and down into hypoglycemia.
Fat-adaptation doesn’t imply exclusive low carb eating for life. CrossFit and other intense training regimens give the fat-adapted a lot of leeway with their carb intake. As Peter Attia explains, you can still carb up before and after your training sessions without compromising your ability to tap into body fat for energy as long as you create a glycogen debt that must be refilled and your carbs don’t exceed the debt. CrossFit, with its full-body, high-intensity, moderate-to-high-volume training, just might be the most reliable way to create an economy-rending amount of glycogen debt.
(Note: For those who aren’t fat-adapted yet, understand that it’s a process and will take a few weeks. It will likely require a temporary change to your training schedule to accommodate the metabolic shifts taking place. Let adaptation trump performance for a short time. Results aren’t instantaneous, but they’re worth the short-term adjustment.)
In the end, having adequate energy boils down to support.
Eating enough calories and carbs and protein and fat to support your training.
Supporting your biologically-appropriate circadian rhythm by getting bright light during the day, dim light at night, and having a reasonable bedtime.
Eating adequate amounts of the basic micronutrients that support energy production.
Spending time in nature to support your body’s need for rest, relaxation, and green spaces.
Thanks for reading today, everyone. Have thoughts or questions on energy and high intensity exercise? Share them below.
0 notes
watsonrodriquezie · 7 years ago
Text
CrossFit’s Criticisms: How Do I Keep Energy Levels High on Primal?
Over the past two posts in this series, I’ve explained how a Primal way of eating can not only support a heavy CrossFit schedule, but elevate it. Today, I’m going to explain how going Primal can help fix a common complaint among CrossFitters: fatigue. No energy. No pep. A distinct lack of physical and psychological motivation to train, let alone hit PRs. This doesn’t just make it hard to finish workouts and make gains. It bleeds into the rest of your life and makes that worse, too.
Here’s a typical query from a committed CrossFitter suffering from low energy.
I feel like I have been doing everything right lately. Eating clean, working out everyday. But recently WODs that would typically do pretty well at have been killing me. To the point I am the last finished in every class. This came out of nowhere. What could it be? Anyone else experience anything like this?
“Eating clean”: Eating too few calories and/or carbohydrates. We already know what’s wrong with that.
“Working out everyday”: This isn’t just hard on the body, it’s downright counterproductive. Daily workouts will shatter most people, particularly on the level of CrossFit WODs, and have them out the other end in worse shape than before. I’ll be doing a post on CrossFit and recovery soon, but it’s worth noting for today that CrossFit recommends three days on and one day off. That plan may or may not work for an individual based on any number of factors (more to come there…).
Or this one, from the CF forum:
I have gone off my usual oats that i used to have for breakfast. i have reduced my fruit to 1.5 servings a day, nor am i currently consuming anything starchy, like, beans or sweet potatoes (my fave), i eliminated these and all dairy just to see what happens. Now my body is reacting with sluggishness and fat cravings (sunflower seeds, anyone?) Despite that I still go train hard and sweaty but I noticed it’s taking me forever to recover. My leafy salads and eggs and chicken breasts (all i eat basically) are just not cutting it. how do i get over it? please help! grains are disgusting, they bloat me. dairy causes breakouts. no going back. thanks for advice…
The reasons for this person’s lack of energy is even more glaring. “Nothing starchy,” no longer eating “my fave” sweet potatoes, leafy salads and chicken breasts. She’s barely eating!
I’ve said my piece on macronutrient interventions. Since a major reason for fatigue is inadequate food and macronutrient intake, increasing carb intake and eating more calories overall from whole-food Primal sources will give you more caloric and nutrient density.
I’m not here to suggest you modify the workouts. They are what they are. This isn’t about changing CrossFit. This is about working with it. That’s the beauty of this Primal stuff—it applies to everything because it’s all-encompassing, because it’s about making you the best, healthiest, most productive human you can be. And humans do all sorts of different things. Like CrossFit.
So, what does Primal have to offer a CrossFitter who wants more energy for training sessions and normal waking (yawning) life?
Honor Your Circadian Rhythm
Most people think of the circadian rhythm in terms of sleep and sleep alone. Sleep is a big part of the circadian picture, but it’s not everything. Every single cell in your body follows a circadian rhythm. Circadian clocks are attached to every piece of peripheral tissue, embedded in every organ, enmeshed in every physiological system. Even your skin’s resistance to UV damage follows a circadian schedule.
What does this mean? If your circadian rhythm is off-kilter, every cell and physiological process in your body functions differently. Problems arise. Energy production slows. Every standard physiological process runs a little funny. When your circadian rhythm is off, you’re off. Nothing works quite right. You’re not yourself.
Expose yourself to natural light during the morning and daytime. This helps set your circadian rhythm and gets you in tune with the sun’s rise and fall. It also energizes, and that’s great. Vitamin D is one of the most important vitamin-like substances around. But sunlight is also a great source of blue light that keeps us awake at night and alert and energized during the day. It has to be real, natural light. For all our access to artificial lighting indoors, our daytime light exposure is downright pathetic.
Limit artificial light at night. Blue light (from screens, smartphones) tricks your circadian rhythm into thinking it’s daytime all over again. UVEX safety goggles block blue light, are completely affordable.
Get to sleep at a reasonable hour. Miss sleep, miss reps. Lose sleep, lose your footing during the jerk. Sleep is when we recover from past bodily insults, like doing Fran or high rep zercher squats. It’s when we consolidate memories. It’s when we burn fat and release growth hormone. It’s even when we release a large amount of ATPe, a surge of the body’s energy currency. Miss your sleep, miss that surge.
Balance the Intensity of CrossFit with the Tranquility of Nature
CrossFit is stressful. It’s acute stressor after acute stressor, which is a double-edged blade. This is why it works so well but also why some people can burn themselves out. A person simply can’t go hard without resting. There are limits.
Get out into nature every day if you can but at least once a week, preferably twice. Nature is a hard reset for your monkey mind. It’s returning home to the source. Extensive research shows that this kind of excursion can reduce stress, the same stress that’s pushing you over the edge and destroying your will to live. Spending time in nature is an easy fix (if it works, and it often does), providing a quick but effective stanch against the stress.
Nature doesn’t have to be the forest. It can be desert, beach, lake, marsh, swamp, meadow, prairie, bog, jungle. Even a city park can work. Use what you have.
Focus on Micronutrients
The Primal eating plan has always identified and promoted the consumption of otherwise obscure micronutrients, many of which play major roles in energy production.
Iodine: The raw building block for thyroid hormone, which drives metabolic rate. Low intakes can cause hypothyroid, and then you’re lagging. Best sources include seaweed (especially kelp/kombu), dairy, and eggs.
Selenium: We need selenium to convert inactive thyroid hormone into active thyroid hormone, the stuff that actually has an effect on our energy levels. Brazil nuts (just one or two will provide the RDA) and wild salmon are the best sources.
Magnesium: Magnesium is a cofactor in over 300 physiological systems and enzymatic reactions making it a crucial…. blah blah blah. You’ve heard the spiel before. Magnesium is important. For energy levels, it’s almost everything. Without adequate magnesium, we produce very little ATP, the body’s energy currency.
Glycine: Taken an hour before bed, glycine—the primary amino acid in gelatin/collagen—promotes more restful sleep and promotes wakefulness and better performance the next day, even if you force sleep restriction.
If you’re doing CrossFit without paying attention to your intake of iodine, selenium, magnesium, and glycine/collagen, you risk losing energy levels.
Get Fat-Adapted
Though I’ve focused primarily on non-dietary factors today, I’ll close with perhaps the most momentous modification you can make to support your daily energy levels: getting fat-adapted.
Fat-adaptation allows you to easily tap into your own body fat stores in between meals, providing a steady source of clean-burning energy. Fat-adaptation tends to normalize blood glucose readings, so you’re no longer chasing the sugar dragon up into hyperglycemia and down into hypoglycemia.
Fat-adaptation doesn’t imply exclusive low carb eating for life. CrossFit and other intense training regimens give the fat-adapted a lot of leeway with their carb intake. As Peter Attia explains, you can still carb up before and after your training sessions without compromising your ability to tap into body fat for energy as long as you create a glycogen debt that must be refilled and your carbs don’t exceed the debt. CrossFit, with its full-body, high-intensity, moderate-to-high-volume training, just might be the most reliable way to create an economy-rending amount of glycogen debt.
(Note: For those who aren’t fat-adapted yet, understand that it’s a process and will take a few weeks. It will likely require a temporary change to your training schedule to accommodate the metabolic shifts taking place. Let adaptation trump performance for a short time. Results aren’t instantaneous, but they’re worth the short-term adjustment.)
In the end, having adequate energy boils down to support.
Eating enough calories and carbs and protein and fat to support your training.
Supporting your biologically-appropriate circadian rhythm by getting bright light during the day, dim light at night, and having a reasonable bedtime.
Eating adequate amounts of the basic micronutrients that support energy production.
Spending time in nature to support your body’s need for rest, relaxation, and green spaces.
Thanks for reading today, everyone. Have thoughts or questions on energy and high intensity exercise? Share them below.
0 notes
milenasanchezmk · 7 years ago
Text
CrossFit’s Criticisms: How Do I Keep Energy Levels High on Primal?
Over the past two posts in this series, I’ve explained how a Primal way of eating can not only support a heavy CrossFit schedule, but elevate it. Today, I’m going to explain how going Primal can help fix a common complaint among CrossFitters: fatigue. No energy. No pep. A distinct lack of physical and psychological motivation to train, let alone hit PRs. This doesn’t just make it hard to finish workouts and make gains. It bleeds into the rest of your life and makes that worse, too.
Here’s a typical query from a committed CrossFitter suffering from low energy.
I feel like I have been doing everything right lately. Eating clean, working out everyday. But recently WODs that would typically do pretty well at have been killing me. To the point I am the last finished in every class. This came out of nowhere. What could it be? Anyone else experience anything like this?
“Eating clean”: Eating too few calories and/or carbohydrates. We already know what’s wrong with that.
“Working out everyday”: This isn’t just hard on the body, it’s downright counterproductive. Daily workouts will shatter most people, particularly on the level of CrossFit WODs, and have them out the other end in worse shape than before. I’ll be doing a post on CrossFit and recovery soon, but it’s worth noting for today that CrossFit recommends three days on and one day off. That plan may or may not work for an individual based on any number of factors (more to come there…).
Or this one, from the CF forum:
I have gone off my usual oats that i used to have for breakfast. i have reduced my fruit to 1.5 servings a day, nor am i currently consuming anything starchy, like, beans or sweet potatoes (my fave), i eliminated these and all dairy just to see what happens. Now my body is reacting with sluggishness and fat cravings (sunflower seeds, anyone?) Despite that I still go train hard and sweaty but I noticed it’s taking me forever to recover. My leafy salads and eggs and chicken breasts (all i eat basically) are just not cutting it. how do i get over it? please help! grains are disgusting, they bloat me. dairy causes breakouts. no going back. thanks for advice…
The reasons for this person’s lack of energy is even more glaring. “Nothing starchy,” no longer eating “my fave” sweet potatoes, leafy salads and chicken breasts. She’s barely eating!
I’ve said my piece on macronutrient interventions. Since a major reason for fatigue is inadequate food and macronutrient intake, increasing carb intake and eating more calories overall from whole-food Primal sources will give you more caloric and nutrient density.
I’m not here to suggest you modify the workouts. They are what they are. This isn’t about changing CrossFit. This is about working with it. That’s the beauty of this Primal stuff—it applies to everything because it’s all-encompassing, because it’s about making you the best, healthiest, most productive human you can be. And humans do all sorts of different things. Like CrossFit.
So, what does Primal have to offer a CrossFitter who wants more energy for training sessions and normal waking (yawning) life?
Honor Your Circadian Rhythm
Most people think of the circadian rhythm in terms of sleep and sleep alone. Sleep is a big part of the circadian picture, but it’s not everything. Every single cell in your body follows a circadian rhythm. Circadian clocks are attached to every piece of peripheral tissue, embedded in every organ, enmeshed in every physiological system. Even your skin’s resistance to UV damage follows a circadian schedule.
What does this mean? If your circadian rhythm is off-kilter, every cell and physiological process in your body functions differently. Problems arise. Energy production slows. Every standard physiological process runs a little funny. When your circadian rhythm is off, you’re off. Nothing works quite right. You’re not yourself.
Expose yourself to natural light during the morning and daytime. This helps set your circadian rhythm and gets you in tune with the sun’s rise and fall. It also energizes, and that’s great. Vitamin D is one of the most important vitamin-like substances around. But sunlight is also a great source of blue light that keeps us awake at night and alert and energized during the day. It has to be real, natural light. For all our access to artificial lighting indoors, our daytime light exposure is downright pathetic.
Limit artificial light at night. Blue light (from screens, smartphones) tricks your circadian rhythm into thinking it’s daytime all over again. UVEX safety goggles block blue light, are completely affordable.
Get to sleep at a reasonable hour. Miss sleep, miss reps. Lose sleep, lose your footing during the jerk. Sleep is when we recover from past bodily insults, like doing Fran or high rep zercher squats. It’s when we consolidate memories. It’s when we burn fat and release growth hormone. It’s even when we release a large amount of ATPe, a surge of the body’s energy currency. Miss your sleep, miss that surge.
Balance the Intensity of CrossFit with the Tranquility of Nature
CrossFit is stressful. It’s acute stressor after acute stressor, which is a double-edged blade. This is why it works so well but also why some people can burn themselves out. A person simply can’t go hard without resting. There are limits.
Get out into nature every day if you can but at least once a week, preferably twice. Nature is a hard reset for your monkey mind. It’s returning home to the source. Extensive research shows that this kind of excursion can reduce stress, the same stress that’s pushing you over the edge and destroying your will to live. Spending time in nature is an easy fix (if it works, and it often does), providing a quick but effective stanch against the stress.
Nature doesn’t have to be the forest. It can be desert, beach, lake, marsh, swamp, meadow, prairie, bog, jungle. Even a city park can work. Use what you have.
Focus on Micronutrients
The Primal eating plan has always identified and promoted the consumption of otherwise obscure micronutrients, many of which play major roles in energy production.
Iodine: The raw building block for thyroid hormone, which drives metabolic rate. Low intakes can cause hypothyroid, and then you’re lagging. Best sources include seaweed (especially kelp/kombu), dairy, and eggs.
Selenium: We need selenium to convert inactive thyroid hormone into active thyroid hormone, the stuff that actually has an effect on our energy levels. Brazil nuts (just one or two will provide the RDA) and wild salmon are the best sources.
Magnesium: Magnesium is a cofactor in over 300 physiological systems and enzymatic reactions making it a crucial…. blah blah blah. You’ve heard the spiel before. Magnesium is important. For energy levels, it’s almost everything. Without adequate magnesium, we produce very little ATP, the body’s energy currency.
Glycine: Taken an hour before bed, glycine—the primary amino acid in gelatin/collagen—promotes more restful sleep and promotes wakefulness and better performance the next day, even if you force sleep restriction.
If you’re doing CrossFit without paying attention to your intake of iodine, selenium, magnesium, and glycine/collagen, you risk losing energy levels.
Get Fat-Adapted
Though I’ve focused primarily on non-dietary factors today, I’ll close with perhaps the most momentous modification you can make to support your daily energy levels: getting fat-adapted.
Fat-adaptation allows you to easily tap into your own body fat stores in between meals, providing a steady source of clean-burning energy. Fat-adaptation tends to normalize blood glucose readings, so you’re no longer chasing the sugar dragon up into hyperglycemia and down into hypoglycemia.
Fat-adaptation doesn’t imply exclusive low carb eating for life. CrossFit and other intense training regimens give the fat-adapted a lot of leeway with their carb intake. As Peter Attia explains, you can still carb up before and after your training sessions without compromising your ability to tap into body fat for energy as long as you create a glycogen debt that must be refilled and your carbs don’t exceed the debt. CrossFit, with its full-body, high-intensity, moderate-to-high-volume training, just might be the most reliable way to create an economy-rending amount of glycogen debt.
(Note: For those who aren’t fat-adapted yet, understand that it’s a process and will take a few weeks. It will likely require a temporary change to your training schedule to accommodate the metabolic shifts taking place. Let adaptation trump performance for a short time. Results aren’t instantaneous, but they’re worth the short-term adjustment.)
In the end, having adequate energy boils down to support.
Eating enough calories and carbs and protein and fat to support your training.
Supporting your biologically-appropriate circadian rhythm by getting bright light during the day, dim light at night, and having a reasonable bedtime.
Eating adequate amounts of the basic micronutrients that support energy production.
Spending time in nature to support your body’s need for rest, relaxation, and green spaces.
Thanks for reading today, everyone. Have thoughts or questions on energy and high intensity exercise? Share them below.
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