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Bendelow Building Co is the roofing company in South Rockwood MI. Our reputation for delivering quality workmanship and outstanding customer service has made us a preferred choice in the community. We offer a wide range of roofing services, including new roof installations, repairs, inspections, and maintenance. Our team is dedicated to ensuring that every project is completed on time and within budget.
Bendelow Building Co 12480 Dixie Hwy, South Rockwood, MI 48179 (734) 818–7941
My Official Website: https://bendelowbuildingco.com/ Google Plus Listing: https://www.google.com/maps?cid=5615353842402737401
Service We Offer:
Residential Roofing Commercial Roofing Expert Carpentry Seamless Gutters
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Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Shinglemasterpro/ Twitter: https://x.com/building64016 Pinterest: https://www.pinterest.com/bendelowbuilding/
#roofing company south Rockwood mi#roofing contractor Berlin charter township mi#roofing contractor flat rock mi#roofing contractor Carleton mi#roofing company Monroe mi
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EN LAS ALTURAS
Montañas mías, Dios tiene su corte... nimbados santos cantan su alabanza, conversar no precisa con vosotros: ¡sois sólo polvo en su escabel! Yo sí. ¡Habladme a mí, porque también sois mías! De mi alma derrubiáis, que os labré antaño: con vuestra sillería de granito levanté mi solaz, tendí las flores, asenté azul cumbrera, y en vuestros patios hice cantar las fuentes... ¡Dadme ahora vuestra guarda y sustento, libertad de dar asalto al cielo en vuestras torres, de escuchar el coloquio de los vientos, ver marchar las estrellas, y allanar cortil de soledad que atestan almas!
*
IN HIGH PLACES
My mountains, God has company in heaven— Crowned saints who sing to him the sun-long day. He has no need of speech with you—with you, Dust of his foot-stool! No, but I have need. Oh, speak to me, for you are mine as well— Drift of my soul. I built you long ago; I reared your granite masonry to make My house of peace, and spread your flowered carpets, And set your blue-tiled roof, and in your courts Made musical fountains play. Ah, give me now Shelter and sustenance and liberty, That I may mount your sky-assailing towers And hear the winds communing, and give heed To the large march of stars, and enter in The spirit-crowded courts of solitude.
Harriet Monroe
di-versión©ochoislas
#Harriet Monroe#literatura estadounidense#poesía imaginista#montañas#ruego#retiro#elevación#di-versiones©ochoislas
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Top Reviews and Complaints about Safelite AutoGlass
I am a trucker (18 wheeler). I have tried 2 Safelite windshields and both got traveling cracks (DOT FAIL!) from a ding that, on a properly laminated windshield would have just been a nickel-sized ding. Safelite truck windshields are junk. I don't know what sort of laminate (if any) they have from their foreign-made garbage, but I will only use OEM or OEM quality henceforth.
My windshield was hit by several rocks from the back of someone's truck on the freeway. I ended up with 5 tiny chips in my windshield. Took my car to Safelite to fill the tiny chips. When I got my car back there was an eight inch crack across my windshield. I should it to them right away. They said that can happen when it is filled. Let me give you a quote to replace the windshield. I said, "Why should I have to pay?" I then called the main number who told me that can happen. Let me give you $50.00 off the cost of the replacement. I am going elsewhere that charges less.
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R of Blairsville, GA
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Dec. 12, 2018
I needed my back car window replaced. I called Safelite on a Sunday, and they had me scheduled for two days later. I live in a rural area, but they came to my house at the time they promised, and Randy did an awesome job replacing the glass. They worked with my insurance. Very friendly too. They’ve made a customer for life.
Carol of Berlin, NJ
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Dec. 8, 2018
I made appointment after listening to rep. on phone saying Safelite best and fastest way to get replacement auto glass. I know it's hard to find glass for order cars. Was told I would have replaced today. Took off from work. Tech called 2 hours before appt to say shop they ordered from never got glass? Formatted texts telling me they are sorry. To have a nice day? Maybe in by Monday and installed Tuesday? Why not be sure before setting appt? Disappointed! They had to know availability after or before setting my appt. It's 24 degrees out. Shrink wrap won't prevent damage. Make sure you get confirmation of availability! I didn't and now stuck!
Marilyn of Clarksville, TN
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Dec. 6, 2018
My window was down and would not come up. They found out why that was and told me what was needed. They covered my window with plastic until it could be repaired. These guys never turned me away. Thank You. Safelite for having such wonderful staff.
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Richard of Cortland, NY
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Dec. 3, 2018
After reading many of the comments on this board, I was seriously concerned with having this company do my windshield replacement. My car has a lot of electronic stuff that is controlled by the material in the windshield. I was afraid some of this would no longer work after the replacement. My insurance company uses Safelite and I told them my concerns and they assured me that if there were any problems they would take care of it. Anyway, everything was done quickly and efficiently and everything works! The experience was excellent for us.
Mark of Philadelphia, PA
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 24, 2018
Read the reviews on their site and decided: What could go wrong and then scheduled my appointment at my home... The installer removed my old windshield and all trims wipers etc. Then told he could not install the new one due to there being some rust looking dirt around perimeter of the rim (my truck is 20 years old and in very good condition)... After checking it for myself and concluding it was sound and not actual rust, the installer still declined to put it in and left me high and dry with no windshield at all... I should've listened to my gut after reading some of the other negative reviews. Fool me once shame on them. Fool me twice shame on me.
Scott of Kenosha, WI
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 24, 2018
USAA uses Safelite Glass for auto glass repairs and refers me here. Have had issues in the past too. Couple years ago, took multiple calls to schedule appt then they never showed up or cancelled at the last minute - not sure which. Rescheduling was a major hassle again. This past time, we had 9AM appt this morning for windshield replacement. Because of all the past problems, called yesterday to ask if windshield was in - said was on backorder and was scheduled to come in December 8th - 2 weeks away. Asked if they would call me when it comes in - "oh yes sir - we'll call you". Saved myself a trip going in this morning when there is no windshield to install because they never called to let me know.
John of Horicon, WI
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 24, 2018
I can't say how disappointed I am again with these idiots. My truck was broken into and I made specific plans with the dispatcher and again the technician did read the notes. I was out of country and had to have the spare key from my truck driven down to airport hotel where the window was broken. Oh did mention it was winter and it's snowing by a friend and his number was also given to Safelite. They are great at one thing - screwing up the entire replacement. I'm not going to use them ever again in fact I would rather have my eyeballs poked out with a rusty fork than have to go through the incompetence again.
William of Half Moon Bay, CA
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 17, 2018
Replaced windshield in my wife’s car, then had to come back to fix the poor job. Tried to get them to come to my house (25 minutes) to replace my car’s windshield. Refused to come despite ad that says they will do mobile repair at my choice. Can’t believe in their service or quality of repair.
Sara of Melvin, MI
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 15, 2018
My insurance company (Liberty Mutual) sent Safelite to my house to repair a stone chip the size of half a pea. There were two tiny cracks on either side of the chip and I needed it fixed before it cracked. The guy came out and "fixed" it. About 10 minutes after he left I got in my car and saw no difference, and there was a noticeable divot in the windshield that wasn't even filled flush. I called them and they assured me it was fixed and would NOT crack. I said it is not fixed and WILL crack. She again assured me it wouldn't and though "it may not look fixed it is, and won't crack".
Well, like I said, 11 days later it cracked across my entire windshield and now I have to pay to put in a completely new one. They told me it's a known risk that repairs DON'T WORK and by signing their form I was well aware of that. DO NOT USE SAFELITE. If you do, DO NOT SIGN THEIR FORM, IT RELEASES THEM FROM FAULT when they send a hack out and he doesn't know how to do a chip repair.
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Gianna of Buffalo, NY
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 15, 2018
Safelite already replaced two windshields on the same vehicle and this morning I noticed my windshield was cracked again. This will be the third windshield I've had to have replaced by Safelite. During previous installments, they did not replace the rearview mirror which is attached to the windhield, properly. They did not use adequate adhesive and it fell off while driving. During installation, the tech used vice grips on the antennae which stripped the paint. I believe Safelite takes advantage of insurance companies who offer glass coverage, and inconveniences their customers with shabby work and inferior products.
Richard of Monroe, MI
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 9, 2018
I ordered 2 windshields for my classic cars. 1971 Chevelle and 1982 Camero. Scheduled an appointment with them, the day before the installation scheduled they called and said I would have to bring the Chevelle to their shop. I have no plates on the car so I said I would have to bring it later. But I would like the Camero done on schedule the next day between 8 and 12. Called them at 12 they said they canceled the appointment so after taking off work and waiting 4 hr. They said they were sorry. I scheduled replacement with Floral City Glass in Monroe MI great job, less expensive and done on schedule.
Kenneth of Houston, TX
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 5, 2018
Just had great experience having our 2016 Jeep Wranglers windshield replaced at my home in Houston. The technician's name is Anthony. He contacted me to say he could arrive much earlier than expected (huge plus because had 5 hr window which I hate)... Not only did he arrive within exact time he stated, but my jeep was rather dirty since it’s been raining so much in Houston and he took ample time properly wiping all the windows... which had me stunned seeing this?!
Nowadays (especially young staff) technicians rush thru jobs doing it very half-assed! Anthony took his time paying attention to details and afterwards explained exactly what he’d done, plus reviewed the warranty in layman terms. I’d say including fair pricing, I couldn’t imagine receiving better service with a genuine attractive smile than I received earlier today... Thanks again to my technician. As in the field you guys are who we customers see as THE COMPANY>> irregardless how big or small the vendors may be...
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Ric of Harrison, AR
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 4, 2018
Having a cracked windshield on 2004 Cadillac Seville, called Safelite to replace. Installer came to home, installed windshield. No problem. 2 weeks later, at 70 mph on Freeway, windshield rubber molding ripped out, slammed up to roof, destroyed sunroof deflector & roof paint. Installer did NOT replace the molding which IS PART OF THE INSTALL PROCESS! Reinstalled a new glass by a body shop who did it right. Beware of this outfit using amateurs to install product!
Marc of Hernando, MS
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Nov. 3, 2018
Technician arrived on Time. Started to work but did not have the Proper Tools to Remove my Windshield, So we waited for another Technician to show up... 50 minutes to drive 12 miles??? What the H?? He brought the "TOOL" we needed and job was finished 35 minutes later. Before my technician put my windshield on I noticed my headliner hanging down in front of my passenger visor. I asked him about it and he quickly replied "That was already there." I KNOW IT WAS NOT AS I HAD JUST CLEANED MY INTERIOR!!! Now I'm going to have to buy spray on glue and fix it myself. Safelite Customer Service has a Horrible Reputation in Satisfying their customers. My repair cost me $100.00 more than anyone else.
Jeff of Otsego, MI
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 31, 2018
Had appointment. My man called me. Was late then got here and told me he couldn't touch my truck. I have a very nice F150 with a painted to match visor over the windshield with the yellow lights. So I wasted half my day for nothing. Thank you AAA for sending them to me n ed very again first place I called said, "No problem. They're coming tomorrow."
Mike of Elk Grove Village, IL
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 25, 2018
Safelite damaged my vehicle, and made me go through a 6 long week ordeal. 1. They sent an incompetent technician to work my Mercedes. 2. He scratched the car, dropped a couple of screws in the engine area and best of all didn't even install the glass properly. He had audacity of asking for 5 stars on his survey. 3. Then a manager comes in saying he'll fix everything. He did not. He was good at coming up with excuses. He was good at making me feel stupid and dumb. He outright lied about installing new wind strip when it was clearly visible that is was same old weathered strip. Please be aware! Find a company that knows how to 1) respect customers and 2) do the job.
Susan of Orrville, OH
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 24, 2018
My technician showed up without proper equipment, said he'd be back within an hour & left. Tech came back 90 min later. I was working & couldn’t keep an eye on him. (They advertise peace of mind, right?) Technician installed the windshield & left without contacting me. Hours later I get off work & to my car for the 1st time & see ripples in the black strip along the top of my windshield. Technician left my keys turned on, therefore my car needed jumped before I could leave work. They send out a second tech the following day, who says the ripples are "normal" and applies more glue & tape.
I called corporate to resolve the issue, very disgusted with this company. Management is very rude, not taking responsibility for any wrong, stating the Tech has been with the company for 2 yrs, etc. No offer to compensate for the inconvenience or having to jump my car before I could go home after their Tech killed my battery. Safelite is a joke. Don't waste your time, you're better off taking a day off work & having your windshield replaced by true professionals.
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Linda of Mequon, WI
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 22, 2018
They gave me a window 8-5. Driver called at 3 and said he'd be here by 4. I called 4:30 and they said he was running late. Talked to mgr twice. Now sipped to come by 6! Wasted a whole day waiting. 10 hours total wait if they get here ever. Don't recommend this company in any way. Useless customer service. They just don’t give a damn.
Stacey of Minneapolis, MN
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 22, 2018
The first mobile appointment I had was canceled because it was misting out and they don't work in the rain. The second appoint was cancel, without my knowledge. The guy showed up, told me he couldn't replace since it was in a busy street and I stood in the middle of the street with him for 5 minutes and only one car passed us by. I think moved my car to a parking lot and he said he could take it from there. He did nothing other than cancel my appointment (without telling me) and just left. I text him multiple times and no response. When I asked why he didn't fix it like he said he was going to he told me I had been rescheduled. I asked to when and where and he didn't respond. Unprofessional! Wasted my time and his! And wasted company resources.
Pall of Edmond, OK
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 18, 2018
Safelite technician attempted to fix a 1/2" chip in my windshield, but while doing so applied too much pressure causing the chip to crack 18" across. He then handed me a $350 quote for a new windshield. After complaining, the corporate office offered me a $50 discount on the new windshield. Lolololol! How is this company in business???
Kimberly of Albuquerque, NM
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 15, 2018
I had my windshield replaced with Safelite then I got a stress crack. They came out to look at it. The tech said it was a stress crack then all of a sudden he says it was a rock. Sent a picture to his manager and the manager says six rocks at my windshield when no rock hit my windshield whatsoever. Now they are refusing to replace the windshield which is under a lifetime warranty. This place is terrible. Do not do business with them. They lie and scam. It’s one of the worst businesses out there.
Heather of Pierpont, OH
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 15, 2018
I have a cracked windshield and had set up an appointment two weeks ago. I checked my messages, emails and even the invoice page messages for any issues daily. Day came for them to arrive. I took vacation hours to stay home and wait for them. Only message I had received was one from "Gary" that stated he would be by around 12pm-5pm, and that he would text when he was arriving.
I waited all day and checked my messages every half an hour. Not a single message about being on his way or having issues finding my place. In the end I gave up after 5 pm and decide to leave the house to get something to eat. As I am driving I get the message that my appointment was canceled. No reason, no anything. This was 15-20mins after 5 pm.
I am now upset and call the customer "care", I get a woman saying she has no idea why and that she will email the guy but that is all she can do besides set up a new appointment. I can't spend ALL MY VACATION TIME WAITING FOR AN APPOINTMENT THEY CAN CANCEL 15 MINS AFTER ITS LATEST TIME! It is utterly ridiculous and the lack of actual caring for the customer is appalling. I refuse to make a new appointment and am gladly willing to take my business elsewhere. I would send screenshots of my messages if it let me do so here. I'd advise to not trust this company.
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Cecelia of Peoria, AZ
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 10, 2018
Cross country trip, bad hail storm in Colorado Springs, called ins. asap. Sent to Safelite Customer Service. Three different operators unhelpful; unsympathetic, would not schedule for 5 days; no attempt to find a way to help travelers. Asked for shop on the way to Kansas, still would not schedule for a week. Fortunately local Denver shop was sympathetic and obliging. Forget 800; go in to actual store.
Brian of Baton Rouge, LA
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 8, 2018
Rachael out of Baton Rouge, LA was very nice and did a great job on fixing our chip on our windshield. Only took 20 mins. I would come Back to Safelite for our future repairs on our windshield and approved our insurance. They worked very nice together!!
Jason of Clovis, CA
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 6, 2018
Safelite rep, Jeff, arrived at my residence, immediately requested that I move the car to his liking and proceeded to walk around the vehicle, to include photographing the outside and inside of the vehicle. Upon questioning his intent, of roaming around and photographing the interior, Jeff responded in a rude manner and was insufficient in his reasoning. Jeff was asked to leave and Safelite was contacted. Having utilized Safelite in the past and referring several clients this correspondence was disturbing. A company dependent on its customer service should hire better communicators or provide better training. The convenience of their service does not outweigh personal respect.
Jon of Brunswick, OH
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 6, 2018
I took a day off of work to wait at home and the technician never showed or contacted me. I had to call Safelite to find out that he didn't even know about the appointment that I made two weeks prior. The customer service reps, local and national, didn't seem to care.
Kathy of Newport, NC
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 5, 2018
Safelite came out to fix 2 windshield spots. In the commercial it looks great, however that's not what we got. The spots are still there, still look the same with something like clear nail polish over them and charge is $189. Disappointed and you can't even tell anything was done. One is pencil eraser size and other is smaller.
Joe of Osseo, MN
Verified Reviewer
Original review: Oct. 2, 2018
Was going on my 3rd Safelite windshield this year and they don't stand behind their product. 2 windshields were about a month old when the first one got a crack from a rock that flew up, the other cracked on its own. I called immediately, took pictures, and the representative that scheduled the appointment and mentioned that I wouldn't have to pay because it was only a month old. I get to the appointment which was just a waste of time because they refused to replace it saying that it was a not a stress crack, which it appears to be. I just left and I won't be using Safelite anymore. I will be going to small claims court to see if I can get my money back for this defective windshield. No one should have to pay full price for the 3rd windshield within 90 days of each other. Just sad that big companies can act like this.
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911 Restoration of Downriver
Address: 1560 N Monroe St, Monroe, MI 48162 Phone: 734-239-7803 Website: http://www.911restorationdownriver.com/ Hours: 24/7 Years in Business: 2013 Business Description: 911 Restoration of Downriver is a full-scale water damage cleanup restoration company offering you peace of mind after a disaster. We provide water damage restoration, mold removal, fire & smoke damage, reconstruction and everything in between with 24/7 availability. Disasters can happen anytime due to pipe bursts, flood cleanup, flood damage, roof leaks or other water damage-related emergencies. If left ignored, it may cause further damage such as mold infestation and costly property damages. Fortunately, our IICRC-certified techs will rapidly respond within 45 minutes to handle any water related emergency and help minimize damage. Call our water damage and mold remediation specialists now for a Fresh Start.
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ELSA, ELSA, GIVE US YOUR ANSWER, DO / I'M HALF CRAZY WAITING TO HEAR FROM YOU
Elsa, Elsa, give us your answer, do ? I’m half crazy waiting to hear from you.
True, sort of.
A strange storm on the way. Supposedly will hit Key West tomorrow night. At worst a category 1. Probably a tropical storm. Thundershowers, as well as winds 60 mph.
There is a “crazy” involved. No one seems to be paying nay attention it it, except for governmental officials. The State and Monroe County have designated Key West and other southern Florida areas as being in a State of Emergency.
The locals may have been around a bit too long. How many hurricanes were going to be disasters and then changed course or petered out as they approached. After a while, you become immune to the warnings. This appears to be one.
There are exceptions. We took Irma seriously, thank God.
During the past 2 days, I have not found one person who has prepared for Elsa. No special grocery shopping. No filling the bathtub with water. No flash lights purchased. Simply, no concern. Everyone thinking the same. Merely a tropical storm with lots of rain and wind for a few hours. Sixty miles per hour can be handled.
I must confess I did do one thing. Topped the gas tank yesterday. In the event I had to get out of Dodge. It would be too late, of course.
Key West is in the center of the cone. Brave souls, are we. It could move west and brush Key West. Or, and doubtfully, turn suddenly east and never hit any part of Florida.
Whatever, I hope a boat or helicopter does not have to come by and take me off the roof of my house.
Today, Independence Day. One of special joy hopefully to all Americans.
We celebrate our nationhood. Our birth. With fireworks, family reunions, concerts, barbecues, picnics, parades, and baseball games.
There is a question as whether July 4 is the correct date for the celebration. A drafting problem on July 2. Not everyone was happy with language involving slaves. A few Founding Fathers had not yet signed the Declaration.
Hamilton did the necessary paper change work. It is claimed every one who had yet to sign did so 2 days later on July 4. Thus such day becoming the celebration of the birth of the U.S.
However, historians believe the actual completion of signing was approximately one month later on August 2. How July 4 became the special day, I do not know.
Whatever the day, it is one worthy of celebration!
Our responsibility during present times is to make sure we keep what those fought so valiantly for in the 1770’s. Things are becoming very uncertain.
Trump has the tongue of a snake. If even the good Lord said something Donald disagreed with, Donald would attack the Almighty.
Trump spoke in Florida last night at an Independence Day celebration. He said at one point, “Biden is perhaps the most unpatriotic President in American history.”
I was concerned. Why? The statement did not make sense.
The reasoning behind it involved the Biden administration’s canceling of a planned fireworks celebration at Mount Rushmore in South Dakota due to concerns about transmission of COVID-19.
In the same speech, Trump advised his reason or excuse for the preparation of his and his company’s tax returns by using tax schemes. His attempt to lay the groundwork for a cloak of legality to his and his company’s tax returns.
Trump implied tax schemes were no big deal in avoiding the need to pay taxes on homes, cars, or school fees.
There is a rumor that Trump’s children may “flip” on him. Whether such is the case or Trump will flip on his children, there is a certainty. One will turn against the other. For a multitude of reasons. The only open question remaining at the moment is when?
The economy scored a biggie for June. The economy added 850,000 jobs.
The last time the economy grew at this rate was in 1984 under Reagan.
With the regard to the 850,000 new jobs, Biden said, “The sun is coming out.”
One of the first responders at the Surfside tragedy was a firefighter. He was searching for survivors when the body of his 7 year old daughter was found. What could be worse!
Florida Governor DeSantis announced yesterday that the half of the building still standing was coming down. Soon! A fear exists that Elsa will take it down. Ergo, the need for a planned demolition.
DeSantis said the building would be down by tomorrow night. He said professionals at the task were already laying the explosives.
The worst of the worse. A 10 year old boy in Shelby, Michigan has had 4 amputation surgeries. He has lost his 2 hands and left leg.
The boy came down with COVID-19. He recovered. Ten days later, he was diagnosed with MIS-C. MIS-C is Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome. Found only in children. Following recovery from COVID-19. Vaccinations have nothing to do with the disease.
There have been 80 MIS-C cases in Michigan thus far. The disease has something to do with blood clotting. First a COVID-19 recovery. Two weeks later a lack of energy. Followed by complaints of headaches. Finally, a high fever.
Citizens’ Voice carried a comment by a local yesterday: “Key West is overflowing as it is. Can you imagine our over-crowded downtown with a huge cruise ship vomiting its passengers?”
Enjoy your Fourth of July holiday!
ELSA, ELSA, GIVE US YOUR ANSWER, DO / I’M HALF CRAZY WAITING TO HEAR FROM YOU was originally published on Key West Lou
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Ghost Town, v01, Dos Cabezas, AZ (1879), USA
Doz CabezasAZ (about 1879, population <25), height 1,549 m (1582 m)
• The "ghost town" aesthetic of this entrance works the surprise Furthermore
"The Dos Cabezasite is the only person on the globe who can sit and smile calmly and smiles again under conditions and adversities that would drive a vicious devotee of the Lamb crazy.When Gabriel blows his horn, he will find some of those ingenious ancients Fellows who sit on a rock and tell about the promising future of the camp or how rich the juniper mine is. "-Grave stone EpitaphApril 28, 1887
• Dos Cabezas, AZ is a "living" Sonoran Desert Ghost town with few remaining inhabitants • in the Sulfur Springs Valley [[[[photo]from Cochise County • lies next to the Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") mountains, named after the two bare peaks
• A historically significant source of drinking water, formerly known as Dos Cabezas Spring, is about half an hour away. southwest of the city on the old Southern Emigration Patha main artery of the Move west • The path descends from below into the valley Apache Spring by Apache Pass
On September 4, 1851, John Russell Bartlett & his Boundary Survey The Commission was located to the west in an area that had been Spanish / Mexican territory for more than 300 years worn in the US in 1848, end of controversial The Mexican-American War, but much of the southernmost region of Arizona and New Mexico remained under the Mexican flag. Bartlett's mission was to work with a Mexican Surveying Team to formally define the post-war US-Mexico border
• The survey was a prelude to the years 1853-54 Gadsden purchase which acquired 29,670 square kilometers for $ 10 million. of the Mexican territory south of the Gila River, Including Cochise County • The deal was signed by the president Franklin Pierce, a northern anti-abolitionist ("TeiggesichtDemocrat • It should facilitate the development of a road, canal and / or railway in New Orleans-LA and open southward expansion to the south, apparently ignoring the fact that an economy based on slave cotton probably not thriving in the desert – "Cochise and his times"
• With drinking water, a precious commodity for two- and four-legged desert travelers, Apache Spring – like many water holes – became the scene of a stagecoach stop. C. 1857 • was operated by the San Antonio-San Diego "San-San" line, commonly known "Jackass Mail" • Chiricahua Apache Attacks made the Apache Pass the most dangerous stop on Birkenstrasse[[[[map], named after company owner James Birch (1827-1857) –The West is connected
• the 1,476 mi. Only daylight driving – with daily stops for 2 meals (45 min. Each) and team change (5-10 min.) – usually it took less than 30 days and could be up to 22. • One way is $ 150. Meals and £ 30 luggage included –Deconstruct the Jackass Mail Route
• The Jackass Line had a fleet of High speed trolley (mud)Vehicles suitable for transport in case of strong heat in rough terrain. Concord stagecoaches [[[[photo]made by the Abbot Downing Co. in Concord, NH
"It was no joke to sit in the hard seat, now against the roof and now against the side of the car." Under the passenger compartment, wide leather straps called "full-length braces" sat in the carriage, causing them to move Motion sickness was a common complaint, and ginger root was the preferred remedy. "-Historynet
• Each stage accommodates 9-12 passengers on three benches and up to 10 others on the roof • The coaches were drawn by four- and six-mule teams. • The company kept 200 upper mules in its western coasts
The bus was equipped with three seats, which were occupied by nine passengers. As the occupants of the front and middle seats faced each other, these six persons had to lock their knees; and only for ten of the twelve legs there was room, each side of the coach was adorned by a foot that dangled now on the bike and now tried in vain to find a base … "-The story of stagecoaches in Tucson, ArizonaBob Ring
• Tips For stagecoach travelers, Cowboy Chronicles
• The passenger experience, Desert USA
"The company recommended to every passenger: … with one Sharp's rifle(Not carbine,) with equipment and a hundred cartridges, a dark blue Colts revolver and two pounds of bullets, belts and holsters, knives and scabbards … "-San Diego Herald November 21, 1857
• The stations of the line were built 10 to 40 miles. apart from • a few basic bedding options provided; Everyone had water for passengers, drivers ("Whips") and their teams • equipped with corrals, the depots served as relay stations where drivers and draft animals were exchanged. • "Rocking Stations" did not offer meals, but larger "home stations," often run by families, were "eating stops":
"… hard beef or pork fried in a dirt-blackened pan, coarse bread, mesquite beans, a mysterious concoction known as slumgullion, deadly black coffee, and a" nasty mixture of dried apples "that spread masked under the name apple pie. "-True West
• In September 1857, Jackass founder James Birch, who sailed to Panama via California, was lost at sea along with 419 other passengers and 30-pound pounds. made of gold in the S. S. Central America Disaster • in the same month the Butterfield Overland Mail line[[[[photos]From St. Louis to San Francisco, it gradually began to displace the Jackass Line and absorb many of its stations
• around 1858 a new fortified stone camp, Ewell's Stage Station [[[[photo]rose 4 mi. south of Dos Cabezas Spring • It's unclear which stage lift the building has built, but when Jackass Mail was completed, Butterfield-Overland later left the decision to bypass "Ewell's." In 1861 it was in ruins, which were destroyed by Apaches
• The name Ewell continued to live in a tiny, heavily populated settlement Ewell Springs & at Dos Cabezas Spring, renamed Ewell's Spring when the original station was built. • In 1879, the National Mail & Transportation Co. had set up a new Ewell's station
Born in Virginia Richard Stoddert "Baldy" Ewell (1817-1872) was captain of the first US dragoons, which were stationed in the 1850s in the southwest. He resigned from the US Army in 1861 to join the Confederation. • served in the Civil War as Commander-in-Chief under Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee • It has been argued that his decisions In the Battle of Gettysburg may have decided the outcome of this engagement
• During Ewell's service in the West, Gila Apache raided the Southern Emigrant Route and demanded a military response. • He campaigned for an unrestricted fight: "How can the devil stop a soldier in the midst of battle and summon a jury of mattresses to decide if he has a redshin to throw bullets into the soldiers is a woman or not . "• the 1857 Bonneville Expedition, in which Ewell commanded about 300 men, who committed themselves on the river Gila against Apache
"… the fight on June 27 … was short and sweet … Ewell went away with the lion's share of the honors … Hardly an Apache escaped, nearly 40 warriors were killed or wounded and 45 women and children were captured … Ewell was unreservedly recognized as the hero of the day, his rampant leap to action destroyed the Western Apaches and forced them to seek peace. "-Robert E. Lee's hesitant commanderPaul D. Casdorph
• From Lt. John Van Deusen Du Bois & # 39; report on the engagement: "An Indian was wounded, and his wife carried him to the Chaparral in the arms and covered him with a brush when the troops came upon them and killed both of them Indian was arrested and taken out by Col. Bonneville's request or express command with bound hands and shot like a dog by a Pueblo Indian – not 30 yards from the camp … May God never allow the Native American fight make me a thug or I'm hard, so that I can behave the coward in this way … "-Journal of the History of Arizona, Vo. 43, No. 2, Arizona Historical Society
• c. Around 1850, gold veins and some gold nuggets were discovered around the Ewell's station in the 1860s wildcatters Gold found on both sides of the Dos Cabezas series • In 1862, claims were made near the mountains and around the Apache Pass.Index of Mining Properties
• In 1866, Congress passed a mining law that in 1872 proclaimed "Minerals of Public Interest … free and open to exploration and occupation." additional stimulus was provided to "promote the exploration and development of minerals in the western United States",Congress Research Service
• John Casey (1834-1904), an immigrant from Ireland, had made the first important statement in the area of Dos Cabezas in 1878. • Juniper (locally known as "Casey Gold") was only 3 km northeast of Ewell Spring • John and his brother Dan moved to a hut on site. • At the end of the year, a dozen employees worked in the mine
• The news that Casey Pay Dirt & Word had hit that soon a station in the South Pacific would be built in Willcox – only 14 miles. Dozens of prospectors lured, z. B. Simon Hansen (1852-1929), a recent immigrant from Denmark who claimed 27 claims. • With the arrival of the new settlers, a small school was built on October 20, 1878, the Dos Cabezas The mining district was officially determined
• 1879 the Arizona Miner reported rich silver and gold deposits, claiming to have 2,000 residents at Ewell Springs. • Other reports indicate that the local population is unlikely to exceed 300 before 1920The persistence of mining settlements in the Arizona countrysideJonathan Lay Harris, 1971
• In the midst of the rapid growth of 1879, the settlement of Ewell Springs was replaced by Dos Cabezas, a town with its own post office, just above Ewell. • John Casey is widely regarded as the founder • Mississippi-born James Monroe Riggs (1835-1912), once a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army, became Post Cabezas' first postmaster and opened a shop he was Traveler's Rest named
• In 1880 there were ~ 30 mud houses and 15 families in the up-and-coming city. • In 1882, the year of the city newspaper, 65 voters were registered Dos Cabezas Gold NoteIn 1884, 42 students wrote the school of the city
• At its height, Dos Cabezas had ~ 50 buildings, 3 shops, 3 salons, 2 dairies, joineries, telegraphy, a commercial shop, a barber shop, a butchery, a brewery, a brickyard, a hotel, a ballroom, a boarding house, a blacksmith shop , 3 stables, 3 stamp mills For gold ore and about 300 inhabitants, however, the population consisted of at least 1,500 prospectors, miners and other mining companies. Employees who live in the nearby mountains and valleys –Books in Northport
• Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") was often spelled and pronounced "Dos Cabezos", with an "o" replacing the second "a" in "Cabezas". • The postmaster chose both spellings, as seen in the city postmark • the English translation by Dos CabezOs is "Two Peaks", undoubtedly a more accurate – albeit less poetic – description of the twin peaks than the original, since the flawed version was only registered at the US Post Office in Washington DC interchangeable spellings persist into the 20th century
• The railroad arrived in Arizona in 1880, a station was established in Willcox, and shabby Scottish-born miner John Dare Emersley (1826-1899) arrived at Dos Cabezas to search for mineral deposits. • JD was a graduate of the U. of Edinburgh, a scientifically accomplished writer and botanical collector with drought-tolerant grass, who named after him Muhlenbergia emersleyi (bull grass) • was a correspondent for the Engineering & Mining Journal • several other journals, including Scientific American him
According to a miner who knew him, Emersley was apparently a greedy-and unusually tall-knight: "Every Old Settler in the Globe District remembers Emersley, a three-meter-long scotchman who had more claims than he could work, and jumped more than he could hold. "-Arizona silver belt (Globe, AT), January 6, 1883
• The Scotchman soon found a gold deposit and made about 20 claims. • He built a cabin nearby at an altitude of 6,000 meters and led a secluded life. He made a contract with God and vowed not to develop allegations from him, unless he received a sign from above. Nevertheless, the legally prescribed work to retain ownership of its claims produced several tunnels, one that Roberts, 160. The sign of God was never realized, and while Emersley was waiting for it, he died of scurvy
• shortly thereafter Starved to death among his richThe story of JD Emersley, a religious hermit who lived and died on a "copper mountain", appeared in newspapers across the country. • Emersley made his demand on the Lord to be used for the good of all humanity, though he did not wish for this last wish, the "Mountain of Copper" brought another wave of prospectors into the mining district and sparked a local copper boom out
• In 1899, a new town, Laub City, was dismissed at the mouth of Mascot Canyon, 3 km. on Dos Cabezas • John A. Rockfellow (1858-1947)[[[[photo], Author of The Log of an Arizona Trail Blazer, conducted the survey. • Rockefeller's sister was Tucson architect Anne Graham Rockfellow (1866-1954), an MIT graduate and designer of the landmark El Conquistador[[[[photo]• The site was near the Emersley claims acquired from the mines of Dos Cabezas Consolidated. Coastal coastline electrification required countless miles of copper power lines"Copper camp" like Laub City grew and prospered. The city grew and gained its own post office around 1900
• Laub City was named after (and possibly after) Henry leaves (1858-1926), a Kentucky-born investor from Los Angeles for German-Jewish immigrants. • He made his first fortune as a liquor dealer. • He later invested in mining, oil and real estate in Southeast Arizona
"There is every reason to believe that Dos Cabezas will be one of Arizona's largest mining areas" – Henry Laub, 1902
• A global increase in mining led to a decline in copper prices as supply outstripped demand. • Several mining experts collaborated to restrict production so as not to stabilize the market. Consolidated Mines financing had dried up in 1903. Laub City was a ghost town Cabezas also suffered from the mine closures, but was able to hold on to the operation of some mines
• In 1905, a Wales-born mining engineer, Capt. Benjamin W. Tibbey (1848-1935), with a "Mr. Page" in the city. • Ben Tibbey's mining career began as a child in a Welch mine. • Page was actually T.N. McCauley, a Chicagoer with a turbulent investment & finance career. • The two examined the mining district. McCauley had apparently stayed. Later, he claimed that he spent two years in Emersly's abandoned cabin. • He applied quietly and acquired claims on 600 hectares
• In June 1907, McCauley organized the Mascot Copper Company with a capitalization of $ 10 million and began large-scale development. • Euphoric reports of massive ore occurrences have appeared in the local press, e.g. B. "Many Thousands of Tons of Ore in Sight – Commandments for Real Estate" Fair to Become Arizona's Largest Copper Producer "
• In 1909, Mascot acquired control of Dos Cabeza's Consolidated Mines Co., the original Emersley claims that the Laub Group had bought. • McCauley launched a campaign to sell Mascot stock for $ 3 / share, later $ 4, and eventually $ 5. • His extravagant promotions included Investor & Press Junkets in the mine in private railroad cars, Food & Drink at the property's Hospitality House, and a substantial shareholder banquet at the Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco with the company logo, a swastika prominently displayed[[[[photo]"The management of the Mascot has a remarkable array of sensational crop coverages and few if other copper mining companies can achieve their enviable performance in terms of actual tonnage when in the same development phase." -Bisbee Daily Review, March 10, 1910
• although stock analysts familiar with McCauley's story con artist Their customers were warned that by August 1910, sales of $ 300,000 had been achieved. • The shareholders owned 25% of the company, the rest was retained by the promoters
• While actual mining and ore deliveries were limited, the company announced that in 1912 a store, a boarding house, employee quarters and a new office building had been completed when Mascot continued its costly expansion and occasionally shipped ore. Arizona Territory won statehood
• In 1914, the company founded Mascot Townsite & Realty Co. to sell land in a new town they developed at Mascot Canyon:
"UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR PERSONAL GAIN By buying a property on the MASCOT TOWNSITE This new city should have a population of 5,000 in a few years." – May 1915
• By 1915, the city of Mascot had been founded. • Houses that could be reached by winding paths climbed over terraces. • Residents built a community hall on a single day. • On Saturday, a band called "Merry Miners" was organized – nightly dances
"King Copper, the magician of magic, has once again raised his polished scepter – and once again a tiny minecamp, a mere patch of the Arizona landscape, got the industrial incentive that was soon to turn it into a factor to reckon with The tiny mining town of the past was Dos Cabezas The next town is Mascot – El Paso Herald, June 25, 1915
• within 10 years The city would have ~ 100 buildings and 800 inhabitants. • The children were taught at the Mascot School and a second school with 4 teachers. • Many of the city's boys "grew up with gold to earn money" – Arizona Republic, March 4, 1971
• Although most Mexican residents of the area lived in Dos Cabezas, some, such as Esperanza Montoya Padilla (1915-2003), lived in Mascot:
"I was born on August 28, 1915, in Mascot, Arizona … In the early days, when I was a small child, Mascot was very large and thriving, it was also a beautiful place, with lots of cottonwood and oak trees The school was on this street, along with a grocery store and even a pool hall, and there was a pastry shop in the pool hall where they sold treats like ice cream On the hill there was a community center where movies were screened, I remember silent movies with Rudolph Valentino, even the guys from Dos Cabezas came to Mascot because of the movies.
At Christmas, they set up a tree in the community center, and all the kids in the city got their Christmas gifts. There was a road that led from Dos Cabezas to Mascot and all sorts of houses along this road to the mine. Our house was on this street. I remember a time when all were Caballos – horses pulling wagons. Of course the cars came later. –Songs My mother sang to me
• On January 27, 1915, a celebration in Willcox marked the beginning of the construction of the Mascot & Western Railroad • A large crowd watched as a cheering T. N. McCauley turned the first shovel out of dirt. • The last spike – a copper – was taken at The Mascot Townsite on June 15, 1915, followed by a "monstrous grill" for 4000 guests[[[[photos]• Activities included a visit to a mine and the company's "2-mile" railroad (10.6000 & # 39;)[[[[photo]"I feel that this project can only be a good and lasting good, not just because the mascot is established, but because many people who have only known Arizona in the desert so far may be part of it take home with them the idea of permanence that we enjoy in this great community. "- HA Morgan, Bisbee Daily Review, June 27, 1915
• In 1916, a drought devastated the mining area – wells dried up, cattle died and many mines closed. • On July 1, 1917, American Smelting & Refining closed its 20th anniversary. Lease the Mascot property just to give up less than a year. later probably because the operation lost money
• Following the bankruptcy of Mascot Copper, McCauley reorganized the company through merger. • The "new" Central Copper Co. commenced operations on February 15, 1919. • McCauley developed a multi-level marketing concept in which shareholders became stock traders. • The price was set at $ 0.50 per share. Purchases are limited to $ 100 / person and $ 10 / month. Financing Available • The vendors used portable, hand-cranked projectors to film the property at small gatherings of prospects
• According to reports, 70,000 shareholders were invested and were astounded when the price fell 50% when the stock came on the market. • lawsuits have been filed. • In an advertisement published in several newspapers, McCauley denied any action against the company
By January 1924, McCauley reported that $ 4.5 million was spent on the new building. By 1926, 400 employees were on the payroll, but the production of the mines proved marginal. In 1927, shareholders were informed that copper and silver prices would decrease as a result of falling copper and silver prices. Minimum amount to cover operating costs
• The following year, the company was acquired by Southwestern Securities Corporation, a holding company. • At the end of 1929 there were only 26 employees left. • On February 29, 1932, Southwestern Securities acquired Mascot Company through a public auction for $ 100,000. • McCauley moved to Tucson, was involved in a bank scandal, fled to California, then disappeared without a trace –A story of Willcox, Arizona and the surrounding areaVernon Burdette Schultz
• with the failure of Central Copper[[[[photo]And the departure of the miners began Dos Cabeza's final descent, though not without distractions. • Despite frequent mine closures and the onset of the Great Depression, the city set up a team in the Sulfur Springs Valley Baseball League, which also includes a squad representing a C.c.c. Stock • Willcox had 2 teams in the league, the Mexicans and the Americans
• Among the dwindling population of Dos Cabezas was Jack Howard, the man who "sharpened the first tools that opened the first gold discoveries of the Dos Cabezas district" and spent his last 30 years. with Mary Katherine Cummings, the story "Big Nose Kate"[[[[photo], in movies as Katie Elder –Tombstone Daily Prospector
• John Jessie "Jack" Howard (1858-1930) was born in Nottingham, England. • As one of the first miners in the mining area of Dos Cabezas, he is remembered by Howard Peak and Howard Canyon. • lived in the hills near Dos Cabezas. • He remembered as a crazy guy hiding behind his hut in a manhole to shoot at intruders as they rode into range. • On the other hand, some of his colleagues, Dos Cabezans, thought he was friendly, • divorced his wife Mary, who was divorced according to court records. a hideous and unpleasant mood, coupled with frequent outbursts of fierce temper, until she made his life a burden he could no longer endure. "
Witnesses testified of Mary's insults against insults, which included calling Howard a white man, kept a dirty house, never washed dishes or clothes, and even threatened to burn down his house and poison his camp. " –He lived with Big Nose Kate, True West
• Mary Katherine "Big Nose Kate" Horony (1850-1940) was born in Pest (Hungary). Second oldest daughter of the Hungarian doctor Miklós Horony. • emigrated with her family to the US in 1860. • taken to a nursing home after her parents' death. • stowed on a steamer in St. Louis, where she became a prostitute • 1874 fined for work as an "athlete" (prostitute) in a "sports house" (brothel) in Dodge City, KS, run by Nellie "Bessie" Ketchum, wife of James Earp
• moved to Fort Griffin, TX in 1876. • met dentist John "Doc" Hollidaywho allegedly said that he considered Kate to be his intellectual equal. • Kate introduced Holliday to Wyatt Earp
• The couple fought regularly, sometimes violently. • According to Kate, she married in Valdosta, Georgia. • moved on to AZ territory, where Kate worked as a prostitute at the Palace Saloon in Prescott. They split up, but returned to Holliday in Tombstone[[[[photos]Claimed to have experienced October 26, 1881 Gunfight in the OK Corral out of her window C.S. Fly pension
• 19 years later Kate, almost 50 years old[[[[photo]& Divorcing an abusive husband was too old for prostitution long after her romance with Doc & • In June 1900, when she was employed at the Rath Hotel in Cochise, AT, she responded to a housekeeper for $ 20 / month , plus room and board • The ad was placed by Jack Howard. • Kate lived with him as an employee ("servant" according to the 1900 census) until 1930
• On 3 January, Kate went 3 miles. to the house of Dos Cabeza's postmaster Edwin White.
"Jack died last night and I stayed with him all night."
• Howard was buried in an unmarked grave in the cemetery of Dos Cabezas after living alone for 2 years. Kate sold the homestead for $ 535.30. • In 1931 she wrote the Governor of Arizona, George W.P. Hunt to take in the Arizona pioneers home in Prescott • Although foreigners were born and thus not admitted, she claimed that Davenport, Iowa, was their birthplace and was accepted. • She died 5 days before her 90th birthday. • was buried under the name "Mary K. Cummings" in the cemetery of the homeland. "Big Nose Kate, independent woman of the Wild West – Kyla Cathey
• The mascot mine was closed in 1930
• The Mascot & WesternRailroad ceased operations in 1931 – four years later the tracks were taken
• Dos Cabezas of the 1940s photos
• In 1949, the US Postal Department corrected the spelling of the city postal service from Dos Cabezos to Dos Cabezas
• mid-20th century Dos Cabeza's family[[[[photos]• The postal service of Dos Cabezas was discontinued in 1960
• In 1964, the city's population had dropped to 12
• McCauley's Mascot Hospitality House was part of the Dos Cabezas Spirit & Nature Retreat Bed & Breakfast[[[[photo]• Today, Dos Cabezas is considered a ghost town graveyard the main attraction of the city
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This month there are no Broadway openings, but ample glamour Off-Broadway. Freestyle Love Supreme, the improvisational hip-hop group that Lin-Manuel Miranda and Thomas Kail conceived in collaboration with Anthony Veneziale while they were working on “In The Heights,” had its debut at Ars Nova in midtown in 2004. Fifteen years later, the group inaugurates Ars Nova’s new Greenwich House home in the Village..
Meanwhile, MCC launches its newly constructed theater on West 52nd Street this month with two new shows, including a musical by the creative team behind Spring Awakening.
Another new musical, at Second Stage, comes from the Next to Normal composer, starring Kate Baldwin.
Also this month, a much-defended Sondheim musical is being revived. (See a video of Sondheim below.)
Jake Gyllenhaal and Tom Sturridge appear on the same bill in a pair of new plays, by Nick Payne and Simon Stephen respectively.
A new play at the Public Theter by Suzan-Lori Parks that features Daveed Diggs doesn’t start until March, so Diggs has time to appear as one of the “special and spontaneous guests” at Freestyle Love Supreme – and he’s not the only Hamilton alum who’s promised. (See February 21st)
Below is a selective list of (no Broadway), Off-Broadway, Off-Off Broadway and festival offerings in February, organized chronologically by opening date, with each title linked to a relevant website. Color key of theaters: Broadway: Red. Off Broadway: Black, Blue, or Purple... Off Off Broadway: Green. Theater festival: Orange To look at the Spring season as a whole, check out my Off Broadway Spring 2019 preview guide and my Broadway 2018-2019 season guide
February 2
Queen (APAC)
In this play by Madhuri Shekar, Sanam and Ariel are about to publish a career-defining paper about bees, after seven years of research, when Sanam stumbles upon an error that could cause catastrophic damage to their reputations, careers, and friendship. Now, both women are confronted with an impossible choice: look the other way and save the bees – or tell the truth and face the consequences?
The Glen (Theatre 54 at Shetler Studios)
Peter Hodges writes about the life of one Dale Olsen, from a private falsely accused of insubordination by an underhanded army major, through his affair with a possible spy in 1950s Berlin and back to his ultimate confrontation with his unforgiving mother and the secret she has hidden from him all his life. ”
February 6
The Trial of the Catonsville Nine (Transport at Abrons)
Created from the actual court transcripts of the 1968 trial of nine Catholic activists who burned draft files to protest the Vietnam War, this “radically re-imagined” production presented in partnership with the National Asian American Theatre Company (NAATCO) features an Asian-American cast.
February 8
Chinese Fringe Festival (La MaMa)
Three plays presented in Chinese with English subtitles: The Dictionary of Soul by the Physical Guerillas; Two Dogs by Meng Theatre Studio; and The Story of Xiaoyi Shanghai Huidiji Public Psychological Care Center
February 10
Mies Julie and The Dance of Death (Classic Stage Company)
Two Strindberg plays are presented in repertory. Mies Julie adapted by Yael Farber resets Strindberg’s “Miss Julie,” to a farmhouse in the Karoo of South Africa on the evening of the annual Freedom Day celebration. The Dance of Death, offered in a new version by Conor McPherson, is Strindberg’s bleak examination of marriage and the social institutions governing it.
The Light (MCC Theater)
A two-character play by Loy A. Webb about Rashad and Genesis on what should be one of the happiest days of their lives, but their joy quickly unravels when ground-shifting accusations from the past resurface
February 12
Neurology of the Soul (A.R.T./New York)
Untitled Theater Company No. 61 (UTC61) presents a new play by Edward Einhorn examining the nexus between neuroscience, marketing, art, and love. Set at a neuromarketing firm, it follows a neuroscientist who is trying to scientifically define love for advertising purposes and his wife, an artist who is using her brain scans as the basis of video self-portraits.
The Shadow of a Gunman (Irish Rep)
A new staging of Irish playwright Sean O’Casey’s 1923 drama about a young poet who gets pulled into the chaos of Irish War of Independence after a rumor spreads that he is an IRA assassin.
February 13
City of No Illusions (La MaMa)
A dark comedy set inside a funeral home that has become a refuge for two asylum seekers. The newest work from seminal theater company Talking Band. written and directed by Obie winner Paul Zimet,
February 14
Sea Wall/A Life (Public Theater)
Tom Sturridge and Jake Gyllenhaal appear separately in a pair of plays, Sturridge in Simon Stephen’s “Sea Wall,” a monologue about love and the human need to know the unknowable, and Gyllenhaal in “A Life,” and Gyllenhaal in Nick Payne’s A Life, a meditation on how we say goodbye to those we love most.
Spaceman (Loading Dock at Wild Project)
A woman’s solo journey to Mars explores the depths of mankind’s last true frontiers: outer space and a grieving heart.
February 19
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Merrily We Roll Along (Roundabout’s Laura Pels)
Fiasco Theater reimagines Stephen Sondheim’s musical about a trio of showbiz friends who fall apart and come together over 20 years, going backwards in time.
By The Way Meet Vera Stark (Signature)
A revival of Lynn Nottage’s 2011 comedy about an African-American maid to an aging Hollywood who becomes a star herself – followed decades later by a panel discussing the impact that race had on her controversial career.
February 20
The Play That Goes Wrong (New World Stages)
The slapstick comedy that stars the set moves from Broadway to Off-Broadway
The Price of Thomas Scott (Mint on Theatre Row)
Elizabeth Baker’s 1913 comic drama about a businessman who is reluctant to sell his shop for conversion into a dance hall because of his objection to dancing.
February 21
Freestyle Love Supreme (Ars Nova at Greenwich House)
Conceived by Thomas Kail, Lin-Manuel Miranda, and Anthony Veneziale, this high-energy show is a blend of hip-hop, improvisational theater, music, and vocal stylings, all backed by live music from keyboards and beats. There will be “special and spontaneous guests” – including Lin-Manuel Miranda, James Monroe Iglehart, Christopher Jackson, Daveed Diggs.
Steven Skybell as Tevya and Ensemble sing “Tradition” (“Traditsye” טראַדיציע)
Fiddler on the Roof in Yiddish (Folksbiene at Stage 42)
This luscious production directed by Joel Grey moves Off-Broadway.
February 24
Hurricane Diane (New York Theatre Workshop)
In this play by Madeleine George directed by Leigh Silverman, Diane is a gardener who is actually the Greek god Dionysus, returning to the modern world to gather mortal followers and restore the Earth to its natural state.
February 25
youtube
Good Friday (The Flea)
In this play by Kristiana Rae Colón, a ricochet of bullets disrupts a fierce and funny feminist debate. Assaulted at every turn, a group of millennial women must decide whether they are ready to put their bodies on the line for each other.
Boesman and Lena (Signature)
In this revival of Athol Fugard’s 1969 play, the human need for kindness, hope and compassion is on display in the struggles of abusive Boesman and his long-suffering wife Lena, who encounter a stranger while wandering the South African wastelands. Stars Zainab Jah and Sahr Ngaujah
February 26
Alice By Heart (MCC Theater)
The creative team Duncan Sheik and Steven Sater (Spring Awakening) co-written and directed by Jessie Nelson (Waitress) presents a new take on Alice in Wonderland: In the rubble of the London Blitz of World War II, Alice Spencer’s budding teen life is turned upside down, and she and her dear friend Alfred are forced to take shelter in an underground tube station. When the ailing Alfred is quarantined, Alice encourages him to escape with her into their cherished book and journey down the rabbit hole to Wonderland.
February 28
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Superhero (Second Stage)
A musical, with music and lyrics by Tom Kitt (Next to Normal) and a book by John Logan (Red), about “a fractured family, the mysterious stranger in apartment 4-B, and an unexpected hero… Starring Kate Baldwin and Bryce Pinkham
February 2019 New York Theater Openings This month there are no Broadway openings, but ample glamour Off-Broadway. Freestyle Love Supreme, the improvisational hip-hop group that Lin-Manuel Miranda and Thomas Kail conceived in collaboration with Anthony Veneziale while they were working on "In The Heights," had its debut at Ars Nova in midtown in 2004.
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At Bendelow Building Co, we understand that finding a trustworthy roofing company in South Rockwood MI, is crucial. That’s why we offer professional, reliable roofing services tailored to your specific needs. Our experienced team is equipped to handle everything from minor repairs to major roof replacements, ensuring your roof is in the best possible condition.
Bendelow Building Co 12480 Dixie Hwy, South Rockwood, MI 48179 (734) 818–7941
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Ghost Town, v02, Dos Cabezas, AZ (1879), USA
Doz CabezasAZ (about 1879, population <25), height 1,549 m (1582 m)
"The Dos Cabezasite is the only person on the globe who can sit and smile calmly and smiles again under conditions and adversities that would drive a vicious devotee of the Lamb crazy.When Gabriel blows his horn, he will find some of those ingenious ancients Fellows who sit on a rock and tell about the promising future of the camp or how rich the juniper mine is. "-Grave stone EpitaphApril 28, 1887
• Dos Cabezas, AZ is a "living" Sonoran Desert Ghost town with few remaining inhabitants • in the Sulfur Springs Valley [[[[photo]from Cochise County • lies next to the Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") mountains, named after the two bare peaks
• A historically significant source of drinking water, formerly known as Dos Cabezas Spring, is about half an hour away. southwest of the city on the old Southern Emigration Patha main artery of the Move west • The path descends from below into the valley Apache Spring by Apache Pass
On September 4, 1851, John Russell Bartlett & his Boundary Survey The Commission was located to the west in an area that had been Spanish / Mexican territory for more than 300 years worn in the US in 1848, end of controversial The Mexican-American War, but much of the southernmost region of Arizona and New Mexico remained under the Mexican flag. Bartlett's mission was to work with a Mexican Surveying Team to formally define the post-war US-Mexico border
• The survey was a prelude to the years 1853-54 Gadsden purchase which acquired 29,670 square kilometers for $ 10 million. of the Mexican territory south of the Gila River, Including Cochise County • The deal was signed by the president Franklin Pierce, a northern anti-abolitionist ("TeiggesichtDemocrat • It should facilitate the development of a road, canal and / or railway in New Orleans-LA and open southward expansion to the south, apparently ignoring the fact that an economy based on slave cotton probably not thriving in the desert – "Cochise and his times"
• With drinking water, a precious commodity for two- and four-legged desert travelers, Apache Spring – like many water holes – became the scene of a stagecoach stop. C. 1857 • was operated by the San Antonio-San Diego "San-San" line, commonly known "Jackass Mail" • Chiricahua Apache Attacks made the Apache Pass the most dangerous stop on Birkenstrasse[[[[map], named after company owner James Birch (1827-1857) –The West is connected
• the 1,476 mi. Only daylight driving – with daily stops for 2 meals (45 min. Each) and team change (5-10 min.) – usually it took less than 30 days and could be up to 22. • One way is $ 150. Meals and £ 30 luggage included –Deconstruct the Jackass Mail Route
• The Jackass Line had a fleet of High speed trolley (mud)Vehicles suitable for transport in case of strong heat in rough terrain. Concord stagecoaches [[[[photo]made by the Abbot Downing Co. in Concord, NH
"It was no joke to sit in the hard seat, now against the roof and now against the side of the car." Under the passenger compartment, wide leather straps called "full-length braces" sat in the carriage, causing them to move Motion sickness was a common complaint, and ginger root was the preferred remedy. "-Historynet
• Each stage accommodates 9-12 passengers on three benches and up to 10 others on the roof • The coaches were drawn by four- and six-mule teams. • The company kept 200 upper mules in its western coasts
The bus was equipped with three seats, which were occupied by nine passengers. As the occupants of the front and middle seats faced each other, these six persons had to lock their knees; and only for ten of the twelve legs there was room, each side of the coach was adorned by a foot that dangled now on the bike and now tried in vain to find a base … "-The story of stagecoaches in Tucson, ArizonaBob Ring
• Tips For stagecoach travelers, Cowboy Chronicles
• The passenger experience, Desert USA
"The company recommended to every passenger: … with one Sharp's rifle(Not carbine,) with equipment and a hundred cartridges, a dark blue Colts revolver and two pounds of bullets, belts and holsters, knives and scabbards … "-San Diego Herald November 21, 1857
• The stations of the line were built 10 to 40 miles. apart from • a few basic bedding options provided; Everyone had water for passengers, drivers ("Whips") and their teams • equipped with corrals, the depots served as relay stations where drivers and draft animals were exchanged. • "Rocking Stations" did not offer meals, but larger "home stations," often run by families, were "eating stops":
"… hard beef or pork fried in a dirt-blackened pan, coarse bread, mesquite beans, a mysterious concoction known as slumgullion, deadly black coffee, and a" nasty mixture of dried apples "that spread masked under the name apple pie. "-True West
• In September 1857, Jackass founder James Birch, who sailed to Panama via California, was lost at sea along with 419 other passengers and 30-pound pounds. made of gold in the S. S. Central America Disaster • in the same month the Butterfield Overland Mail line[[[[photos]From St. Louis to San Francisco, it gradually began to displace the Jackass Line and absorb many of its stations
• around 1858 a new fortified stone camp, Ewell's Stage Station [[[[photo]rose 4 mi. south of Dos Cabezas Spring • It's unclear which stage lift the building has built, but when Jackass Mail was completed, Butterfield-Overland later left the decision to bypass "Ewell's." In 1861 it was in ruins, which were destroyed by Apaches
• The name Ewell continued to live in a tiny, heavily populated settlement Ewell Springs & at Dos Cabezas Spring, renamed Ewell's Spring when the original station was built. • In 1879, the National Mail & Transportation Co. had set up a new Ewell's station
Born in Virginia Richard Stoddert "Baldy" Ewell (1817-1872) was captain of the first US dragoons, which were stationed in the 1850s in the southwest. He resigned from the US Army in 1861 to join the Confederation. • served in the Civil War as Commander-in-Chief under Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee • It has been argued that his decisions In the Battle of Gettysburg may have decided the outcome of this engagement
• During Ewell's service in the West, Gila Apache raided the Southern Emigrant Route and demanded a military response. • He campaigned for an unrestricted fight: "How can the devil stop a soldier in the midst of battle and summon a jury of mattresses to decide if he has a redshin to throw bullets into the soldiers is a woman or not . "• the 1857 Bonneville Expedition, in which Ewell commanded about 300 men, who committed themselves on the river Gila against Apache
"… the fight on June 27 … was short and sweet … Ewell went away with the lion's share of the honors … Hardly an Apache escaped, nearly 40 warriors were killed or wounded and 45 women and children were captured … Ewell was unreservedly recognized as the hero of the day, his rampant leap to action destroyed the Western Apaches and forced them to seek peace. "-Robert E. Lee's hesitant commanderPaul D. Casdorph
• From Lt. John Van Deusen Du Bois & # 39; report on the engagement: "An Indian was wounded, and his wife carried him to the Chaparral in the arms and covered him with a brush when the troops came upon them and killed both of them Indian was arrested and taken out by Col. Bonneville's request or express command with bound hands and shot like a dog by a Pueblo Indian – not 30 yards from the camp … May God never allow the Native American fight make me a thug or I'm hard, so that I can behave the coward in this way … "-Journal of the History of Arizona, Vo. 43, No. 2, Arizona Historical Society
• c. Around 1850, gold veins and some gold nuggets were discovered around the Ewell's station in the 1860s wildcatters Gold found on both sides of the Dos Cabezas series • In 1862, claims were made near the mountains and around the Apache Pass.Index of Mining Properties
• In 1866, Congress passed a mining law that in 1872 proclaimed "Minerals of Public Interest … free and open to exploration and occupation." additional stimulus was provided to "promote the exploration and development of minerals in the western United States",Congress Research Service
• John Casey (1834-1904), an immigrant from Ireland, had made the first important statement in the area of Dos Cabezas in 1878. • Juniper (locally known as "Casey Gold") was only 3 km northeast of Ewell Spring • John and his brother Dan moved to a hut on site. • At the end of the year, a dozen employees worked in the mine
• The news that Casey Pay Dirt & Word had hit that soon a station in the South Pacific would be built in Willcox – only 14 miles. Dozens of prospectors lured, z. B. Simon Hansen (1852-1929), a recent immigrant from Denmark who claimed 27 claims. • With the arrival of the new settlers, a small school was built on October 20, 1878, the Dos Cabezas The mining district was officially determined
• 1879 the Arizona Miner reported rich silver and gold deposits, claiming to have 2,000 residents at Ewell Springs. • Other reports indicate that the local population is unlikely to exceed 300 before 1920The persistence of mining settlements in the Arizona countrysideJonathan Lay Harris, 1971
• In the midst of the rapid growth of 1879, the settlement of Ewell Springs was replaced by Dos Cabezas, a town with its own post office, just above Ewell. • John Casey is widely regarded as the founder • Mississippi-born James Monroe Riggs (1835-1912), once a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army, became Post Cabezas' first postmaster and opened a shop he was Traveler's Rest named
• In 1880 there were ~ 30 mud houses and 15 families in the up-and-coming city. • In 1882, the year of the city newspaper, 65 voters were registered Dos Cabezas Gold NoteIn 1884, 42 students wrote the school of the city
• At its height, Dos Cabezas had ~ 50 buildings, 3 shops, 3 salons, 2 dairies, joineries, telegraphy, a commercial shop, a barber shop, a butchery, a brewery, a brickyard, a hotel, a ballroom, a boarding house, a blacksmith shop , 3 stables, 3 stamp mills For gold ore and about 300 inhabitants, however, the population consisted of at least 1,500 prospectors, miners and other mining companies. Employees who live in the nearby mountains and valleys –Books in Northport
• Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") was often spelled and pronounced "Dos Cabezos", with an "o" replacing the second "a" in "Cabezas". • The postmaster chose both spellings, as seen in the city postmark • the English translation by Dos CabezOs is "Two Peaks", undoubtedly a more accurate – albeit less poetic – description of the twin peaks than the original, since the flawed version was only registered at the US Post Office in Washington DC interchangeable spellings persist into the 20th century
• The railroad arrived in Arizona in 1880, a station was established in Willcox, and shabby Scottish-born miner John Dare Emersley (1826-1899) arrived at Dos Cabezas to search for mineral deposits. • JD was a graduate of the U. of Edinburgh, a scientifically accomplished writer and botanical collector with drought-tolerant grass, who named after him Muhlenbergia emersleyi (bull grass) • was a correspondent for the Engineering & Mining Journal • several other journals, including Scientific American him
According to a miner who knew him, Emersley was apparently a greedy-and unusually tall-knight: "Every Old Settler in the Globe District remembers Emersley, a three-meter-long scotchman who had more claims than he could work, and jumped more than he could hold. "-Arizona silver belt (Globe, AT), January 6, 1883
• The Scotchman soon found a gold deposit and made about 20 claims. • He built a cabin nearby at an altitude of 6,000 meters and led a secluded life. He made a contract with God and vowed not to develop allegations from him, unless he received a sign from above. Nevertheless, the legally prescribed work to retain ownership of its claims produced several tunnels, one that Roberts, 160. The sign of God was never realized, and while Emersley was waiting for it, he died of scurvy
• shortly thereafter Starved to death among his richThe story of JD Emersley, a religious hermit who lived and died on a "copper mountain", appeared in newspapers across the country. • Emersley made his demand on the Lord to be used for the good of all humanity, though he did not wish for this last wish, the "Mountain of Copper" brought another wave of prospectors into the mining district and sparked a local copper boom out
• In 1899, a new town, Laub City, was dismissed at the mouth of Mascot Canyon, 3 km. on Dos Cabezas • John A. Rockfellow (1858-1947)[[[[photo], Author of The Log of an Arizona Trail Blazer, conducted the survey. • Rockefeller's sister was Tucson architect Anne Graham Rockfellow (1866-1954), an MIT graduate and designer of the landmark El Conquistador[[[[photo]• The site was near the Emersley claims acquired from the mines of Dos Cabezas Consolidated. Coastal coastline electrification required countless miles of copper power lines"Copper camp" like Laub City grew and prospered. The city grew and gained its own post office around 1900
• Laub City was named after (and possibly after) Henry leaves (1858-1926), a Kentucky-born investor from Los Angeles for German-Jewish immigrants. • He made his first fortune as a liquor dealer. • He later invested in mining, oil and real estate in Southeast Arizona
"There is every reason to believe that Dos Cabezas will be one of Arizona's largest mining areas" – Henry Laub, 1902
• A global increase in mining led to a decline in copper prices as supply outstripped demand. • Several mining experts collaborated to restrict production so as not to stabilize the market. Consolidated Mines financing had dried up in 1903. Laub City was a ghost town Cabezas also suffered from the mine closures, but was able to hold on to the operation of some mines
• In 1905, a Wales-born mining engineer, Capt. Benjamin W. Tibbey (1848-1935), with a "Mr. Page" in the city. • Ben Tibbey's mining career began as a child in a Welch mine. • Page was actually T.N. McCauley, a Chicagoer with a turbulent investment & finance career. • The two examined the mining district. McCauley had apparently stayed. Later, he claimed that he spent two years in Emersly's abandoned cabin. • He applied quietly and acquired claims on 600 hectares
• In June 1907, McCauley organized the Mascot Copper Company with a capitalization of $ 10 million and began large-scale development. • Euphoric reports of massive ore occurrences have appeared in the local press, e.g. B. "Many Thousands of Tons of Ore in Sight – Commandments for Real Estate" Fair to Become Arizona's Largest Copper Producer "
• In 1909, Mascot acquired control of Dos Cabeza's Consolidated Mines Co., the original Emersley claims that the Laub Group had bought. • McCauley launched a campaign to sell Mascot stock for $ 3 / share, later $ 4, and eventually $ 5. • His extravagant promotions included Investor & Press Junkets in the mine in private railroad cars, Food & Drink at the property's Hospitality House, and a substantial shareholder banquet at the Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco with the company logo, a swastika prominently displayed[[[[photo]"The management of the Mascot has a remarkable array of sensational crop coverages and few if other copper mining companies can achieve their enviable performance in terms of actual tonnage when in the same development phase." -Bisbee Daily Review, March 10, 1910
• although stock analysts familiar with McCauley's story con artist Their customers were warned that by August 1910, sales of $ 300,000 had been achieved. • The shareholders owned 25% of the company, the rest was retained by the promoters
• While actual mining and ore deliveries were limited, the company announced that in 1912 a store, a boarding house, employee quarters and a new office building had been completed when Mascot continued its costly expansion and occasionally shipped ore. Arizona Territory won statehood
• In 1914, the company founded Mascot Townsite & Realty Co. to sell land in a new town they developed at Mascot Canyon:
"UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR PERSONAL GAIN By buying a property on the MASCOT TOWNSITE This new city should have a population of 5,000 in a few years." – May 1915
• By 1915, the city of Mascot had been founded. • Houses that could be reached by winding paths climbed over terraces. • Residents built a community hall on a single day. • On Saturday, a band called "Merry Miners" was organized – nightly dances
"King Copper, the magician of magic, has once again raised his polished scepter – and once again a tiny minecamp, a mere patch of the Arizona landscape, got the industrial incentive that was soon to turn it into a factor to reckon with The tiny mining town of the past was Dos Cabezas The next town is Mascot – El Paso Herald, June 25, 1915
• within 10 years The city would have ~ 100 buildings and 800 inhabitants. • The children were taught at the Mascot School and a second school with 4 teachers. • Many of the city's boys "grew up with gold to earn money" – Arizona Republic, March 4, 1971
• Although most Mexican residents of the area lived in Dos Cabezas, some, such as Esperanza Montoya Padilla (1915-2003), lived in Mascot:
"I was born on August 28, 1915, in Mascot, Arizona … In the early days, when I was a small child, Mascot was very large and thriving, it was also a beautiful place, with lots of cottonwood and oak trees The school was on this street, along with a grocery store and even a pool hall, and there was a pastry shop in the pool hall where they sold treats like ice cream On the hill there was a community center where movies were screened, I remember silent movies with Rudolph Valentino, even the guys from Dos Cabezas came to Mascot because of the movies.
At Christmas, they set up a tree in the community center, and all the kids in the city got their Christmas gifts. There was a road that led from Dos Cabezas to Mascot and all sorts of houses along this road to the mine. Our house was on this street. I remember a time when all were Caballos – horses pulling wagons. Of course the cars came later. –Songs My mother sang to me
• On January 27, 1915, a celebration in Willcox marked the beginning of the construction of the Mascot & Western Railroad • A large crowd watched as a cheering T. N. McCauley turned the first shovel out of dirt. • The last spike – a copper – was taken at The Mascot Townsite on June 15, 1915, followed by a "monstrous grill" for 4000 guests[[[[photos]• Activities included a visit to a mine and the company's "2-mile" railroad (10.6000 & # 39;)[[[[photo]"I feel that this project can only be a good and lasting good, not just because the mascot is established, but because many people who have only known Arizona in the desert so far may be part of it take home with them the idea of permanence that we enjoy in this great community. "- HA Morgan, Bisbee Daily Review, June 27, 1915
• In 1916, a drought devastated the mining area – wells dried up, cattle died and many mines closed. • On July 1, 1917, American Smelting & Refining closed its 20th anniversary. Lease the Mascot property just to give up less than a year. later probably because the operation lost money
• Following the bankruptcy of Mascot Copper, McCauley reorganized the company through merger. • The "new" Central Copper Co. commenced operations on February 15, 1919. • McCauley developed a multi-level marketing concept in which shareholders became stock traders. • The price was set at $ 0.50 per share. Purchases are limited to $ 100 / person and $ 10 / month. Financing Available • The vendors used portable, hand-cranked projectors to film the property at small gatherings of prospects
• According to reports, 70,000 shareholders were invested and were astounded when the price fell 50% when the stock came on the market. • lawsuits have been filed. • In an advertisement published in several newspapers, McCauley denied any action against the company
By January 1924, McCauley reported that $ 4.5 million was spent on the new building. By 1926, 400 employees were on the payroll, but the production of the mines proved marginal. In 1927, shareholders were informed that copper and silver prices would decrease as a result of falling copper and silver prices. Minimum amount to cover operating costs
• The following year, the company was acquired by Southwestern Securities Corporation, a holding company. • At the end of 1929 there were only 26 employees left. • On February 29, 1932, Southwestern Securities acquired Mascot Company through a public auction for $ 100,000. • McCauley moved to Tucson, was involved in a bank scandal, fled to California, then disappeared without a trace –A story of Willcox, Arizona and the surrounding areaVernon Burdette Schultz
• with the failure of Central Copper[[[[photo]And the departure of the miners began Dos Cabeza's final descent, though not without distractions. • Despite frequent mine closures and the onset of the Great Depression, the city set up a team in the Sulfur Springs Valley Baseball League, which also includes a squad representing a C.c.c. Stock • Willcox had 2 teams in the league, the Mexicans and the Americans
• Among the dwindling population of Dos Cabezas was Jack Howard, the man who "sharpened the first tools that opened the first gold discoveries of the Dos Cabezas district" and spent his last 30 years. with Mary Katherine Cummings, the story "Big Nose Kate"[[[[photo], in movies as Katie Elder –Tombstone Daily Prospector
• John Jessie "Jack" Howard (1858-1930) was born in Nottingham, England. • As one of the first miners in the mining area of Dos Cabezas, he is remembered by Howard Peak and Howard Canyon. • lived in the hills near Dos Cabezas. • He remembered as a crazy guy hiding behind his hut in a manhole to shoot at intruders as they rode into range. • On the other hand, some of his colleagues, Dos Cabezans, thought he was friendly, • divorced his wife Mary, who was divorced according to court records. a hideous and unpleasant mood, coupled with frequent outbursts of fierce temper, until she made his life a burden he could no longer endure. "
Witnesses testified of Mary's insults against insults, which included calling Howard a white man, kept a dirty house, never washed dishes or clothes, and even threatened to burn down his house and poison his camp. " –He lived with Big Nose Kate, True West
• Mary Katherine "Big Nose Kate" Horony (1850-1940) was born in Pest (Hungary). Second oldest daughter of the Hungarian doctor Miklós Horony. • emigrated with her family to the US in 1860. • taken to a nursing home after her parents' death. • stowed on a steamer in St. Louis, where she became a prostitute • 1874 fined for work as an "athlete" (prostitute) in a "sports house" (brothel) in Dodge City, KS, run by Nellie "Bessie" Ketchum, wife of James Earp
• moved to Fort Griffin, TX in 1876. • met dentist John "Doc" Hollidaywho allegedly said that he considered Kate to be his intellectual equal. • Kate introduced Holliday to Wyatt Earp
• The couple fought regularly, sometimes violently. • According to Kate, she married in Valdosta, Georgia. • moved on to AZ territory, where Kate worked as a prostitute at the Palace Saloon in Prescott. They split up, but returned to Holliday in Tombstone[[[[photos]Claimed to have experienced October 26, 1881 Gunfight in the OK Corral out of her window C.S. Fly pension
• 19 years later Kate, almost 50 years old[[[[photo]& Divorcing an abusive husband was too old for prostitution long after her romance with Doc & • In June 1900, when she was employed at the Rath Hotel in Cochise, AT, she responded to a housekeeper for $ 20 / month , plus room and board • The ad was placed by Jack Howard. • Kate lived with him as an employee ("servant" according to the 1900 census) until 1930
• On 3 January, Kate went 3 miles. to the house of Dos Cabeza's postmaster Edwin White.
"Jack died last night and I stayed with him all night."
• Howard was buried in an unmarked grave in the cemetery of Dos Cabezas after living alone for 2 years. Kate sold the homestead for $ 535.30. • In 1931 she wrote the Governor of Arizona, George W.P. Hunt to take in the Arizona pioneers home in Prescott • Although foreigners were born and thus not admitted, she claimed that Davenport, Iowa, was their birthplace and was accepted. • She died 5 days before her 90th birthday. • was buried under the name "Mary K. Cummings" in the cemetery of the homeland. "Big Nose Kate, independent woman of the Wild West – Kyla Cathey
• The mascot mine was closed in 1930
• The Mascot & WesternRailroad ceased operations in 1931 – four years later the tracks were taken
• Dos Cabezas of the 1940s photos
• In 1949, the US Postal Department corrected the spelling of the city postal service from Dos Cabezos to Dos Cabezas
• mid-20th century Dos Cabeza's family[[[[photos]• The postal service of Dos Cabezas was discontinued in 1960
• In 1964, the city's population had dropped to 12
• McCauley's Mascot Hospitality House was part of the Dos Cabezas Spirit & Nature Retreat Bed & Breakfast[[[[photo]• Today, Dos Cabezas is considered a ghost town graveyard the main attraction of the city
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Ghost Town, v02, Dos Cabezas, AZ (1879), USA
Doz CabezasAZ (about 1879, population <25), height 1,549 m (1582 m)
"The Dos Cabezasite is the only person on the globe who can sit and smile calmly and smiles again under conditions and adversities that would drive a vicious devotee of the Lamb crazy.When Gabriel blows his horn, he will find some of those ingenious ancients Fellows who sit on a rock and tell about the promising future of the camp or how rich the juniper mine is. "-Grave stone EpitaphApril 28, 1887
• Dos Cabezas, AZ is a "living" Sonoran Desert Ghost town with few remaining inhabitants • in the Sulfur Springs Valley [[[[photo]from Cochise County • lies next to the Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") mountains, named after the two bare peaks
• A historically significant source of drinking water, formerly known as Dos Cabezas Spring, is about half an hour away. southwest of the city on the old Southern Emigration Patha main artery of the Move west • The path descends from below into the valley Apache Spring by Apache Pass
On September 4, 1851, John Russell Bartlett & his Boundary Survey The Commission was located to the west in an area that had been Spanish / Mexican territory for more than 300 years worn in the US in 1848, end of controversial The Mexican-American War, but much of the southernmost region of Arizona and New Mexico remained under the Mexican flag. Bartlett's mission was to work with a Mexican Surveying Team to formally define the post-war US-Mexico border
• The survey was a prelude to the years 1853-54 Gadsden purchase which acquired 29,670 square kilometers for $ 10 million. of the Mexican territory south of the Gila River, Including Cochise County • The deal was signed by the president Franklin Pierce, a northern anti-abolitionist ("TeiggesichtDemocrat • It should facilitate the development of a road, canal and / or railway in New Orleans-LA and open southward expansion to the south, apparently ignoring the fact that an economy based on slave cotton probably not thriving in the desert – "Cochise and his times"
• With drinking water, a precious commodity for two- and four-legged desert travelers, Apache Spring – like many water holes – became the scene of a stagecoach stop. C. 1857 • was operated by the San Antonio-San Diego "San-San" line, commonly known "Jackass Mail" • Chiricahua Apache Attacks made the Apache Pass the most dangerous stop on Birkenstrasse[[[[map], named after company owner James Birch (1827-1857) –The West is connected
• the 1,476 mi. Only daylight driving – with daily stops for 2 meals (45 min. Each) and team change (5-10 min.) – usually it took less than 30 days and could be up to 22. • One way is $ 150. Meals and £ 30 luggage included –Deconstruct the Jackass Mail Route
• The Jackass Line had a fleet of High speed trolley (mud)Vehicles suitable for transport in case of strong heat in rough terrain. Concord stagecoaches [[[[photo]made by the Abbot Downing Co. in Concord, NH
"It was no joke to sit in the hard seat, now against the roof and now against the side of the car." Under the passenger compartment, wide leather straps called "full-length braces" sat in the carriage, causing them to move Motion sickness was a common complaint, and ginger root was the preferred remedy. "-Historynet
• Each stage accommodates 9-12 passengers on three benches and up to 10 others on the roof • The coaches were drawn by four- and six-mule teams. • The company kept 200 upper mules in its western coasts
The bus was equipped with three seats, which were occupied by nine passengers. As the occupants of the front and middle seats faced each other, these six persons had to lock their knees; and only for ten of the twelve legs there was room, each side of the coach was adorned by a foot that dangled now on the bike and now tried in vain to find a base … "-The story of stagecoaches in Tucson, ArizonaBob Ring
• Tips For stagecoach travelers, Cowboy Chronicles
• The passenger experience, Desert USA
"The company recommended to every passenger: … with one Sharp's rifle(Not carbine,) with equipment and a hundred cartridges, a dark blue Colts revolver and two pounds of bullets, belts and holsters, knives and scabbards … "-San Diego Herald November 21, 1857
• The stations of the line were built 10 to 40 miles. apart from • a few basic bedding options provided; Everyone had water for passengers, drivers ("Whips") and their teams • equipped with corrals, the depots served as relay stations where drivers and draft animals were exchanged. • "Rocking Stations" did not offer meals, but larger "home stations," often run by families, were "eating stops":
"… hard beef or pork fried in a dirt-blackened pan, coarse bread, mesquite beans, a mysterious concoction known as slumgullion, deadly black coffee, and a" nasty mixture of dried apples "that spread masked under the name apple pie. "-True West
• In September 1857, Jackass founder James Birch, who sailed to Panama via California, was lost at sea along with 419 other passengers and 30-pound pounds. made of gold in the S. S. Central America Disaster • in the same month the Butterfield Overland Mail line[[[[photos]From St. Louis to San Francisco, it gradually began to displace the Jackass Line and absorb many of its stations
• around 1858 a new fortified stone camp, Ewell's Stage Station [[[[photo]rose 4 mi. south of Dos Cabezas Spring • It's unclear which stage lift the building has built, but when Jackass Mail was completed, Butterfield-Overland later left the decision to bypass "Ewell's." In 1861 it was in ruins, which were destroyed by Apaches
• The name Ewell continued to live in a tiny, heavily populated settlement Ewell Springs & at Dos Cabezas Spring, renamed Ewell's Spring when the original station was built. • In 1879, the National Mail & Transportation Co. had set up a new Ewell's station
Born in Virginia Richard Stoddert "Baldy" Ewell (1817-1872) was captain of the first US dragoons, which were stationed in the 1850s in the southwest. He resigned from the US Army in 1861 to join the Confederation. • served in the Civil War as Commander-in-Chief under Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee • It has been argued that his decisions In the Battle of Gettysburg may have decided the outcome of this engagement
• During Ewell's service in the West, Gila Apache raided the Southern Emigrant Route and demanded a military response. • He campaigned for an unrestricted fight: "How can the devil stop a soldier in the midst of battle and summon a jury of mattresses to decide if he has a redshin to throw bullets into the soldiers is a woman or not . "• the 1857 Bonneville Expedition, in which Ewell commanded about 300 men, who committed themselves on the river Gila against Apache
"… the fight on June 27 … was short and sweet … Ewell went away with the lion's share of the honors … Hardly an Apache escaped, nearly 40 warriors were killed or wounded and 45 women and children were captured … Ewell was unreservedly recognized as the hero of the day, his rampant leap to action destroyed the Western Apaches and forced them to seek peace. "-Robert E. Lee's hesitant commanderPaul D. Casdorph
• From Lt. John Van Deusen Du Bois & # 39; report on the engagement: "An Indian was wounded, and his wife carried him to the Chaparral in the arms and covered him with a brush when the troops came upon them and killed both of them Indian was arrested and taken out by Col. Bonneville's request or express command with bound hands and shot like a dog by a Pueblo Indian – not 30 yards from the camp … May God never allow the Native American fight make me a thug or I'm hard, so that I can behave the coward in this way … "-Journal of the History of Arizona, Vo. 43, No. 2, Arizona Historical Society
• c. Around 1850, gold veins and some gold nuggets were discovered around the Ewell's station in the 1860s wildcatters Gold found on both sides of the Dos Cabezas series • In 1862, claims were made near the mountains and around the Apache Pass.Index of Mining Properties
• In 1866, Congress passed a mining law that in 1872 proclaimed "Minerals of Public Interest … free and open to exploration and occupation." additional stimulus was provided to "promote the exploration and development of minerals in the western United States",Congress Research Service
• John Casey (1834-1904), an immigrant from Ireland, had made the first important statement in the area of Dos Cabezas in 1878. • Juniper (locally known as "Casey Gold") was only 3 km northeast of Ewell Spring • John and his brother Dan moved to a hut on site. • At the end of the year, a dozen employees worked in the mine
• The news that Casey Pay Dirt & Word had hit that soon a station in the South Pacific would be built in Willcox – only 14 miles. Dozens of prospectors lured, z. B. Simon Hansen (1852-1929), a recent immigrant from Denmark who claimed 27 claims. • With the arrival of the new settlers, a small school was built on October 20, 1878, the Dos Cabezas The mining district was officially determined
• 1879 the Arizona Miner reported rich silver and gold deposits, claiming to have 2,000 residents at Ewell Springs. • Other reports indicate that the local population is unlikely to exceed 300 before 1920The persistence of mining settlements in the Arizona countrysideJonathan Lay Harris, 1971
• In the midst of the rapid growth of 1879, the settlement of Ewell Springs was replaced by Dos Cabezas, a town with its own post office, just above Ewell. • John Casey is widely regarded as the founder • Mississippi-born James Monroe Riggs (1835-1912), once a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army, became Post Cabezas' first postmaster and opened a shop he was Traveler's Rest named
• In 1880 there were ~ 30 mud houses and 15 families in the up-and-coming city. • In 1882, the year of the city newspaper, 65 voters were registered Dos Cabezas Gold NoteIn 1884, 42 students wrote the school of the city
• At its height, Dos Cabezas had ~ 50 buildings, 3 shops, 3 salons, 2 dairies, joineries, telegraphy, a commercial shop, a barber shop, a butchery, a brewery, a brickyard, a hotel, a ballroom, a boarding house, a blacksmith shop , 3 stables, 3 stamp mills For gold ore and about 300 inhabitants, however, the population consisted of at least 1,500 prospectors, miners and other mining companies. Employees who live in the nearby mountains and valleys –Books in Northport
• Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") was often spelled and pronounced "Dos Cabezos", with an "o" replacing the second "a" in "Cabezas". • The postmaster chose both spellings, as seen in the city postmark • the English translation by Dos CabezOs is "Two Peaks", undoubtedly a more accurate – albeit less poetic – description of the twin peaks than the original, since the flawed version was only registered at the US Post Office in Washington DC interchangeable spellings persist into the 20th century
• The railroad arrived in Arizona in 1880, a station was established in Willcox, and shabby Scottish-born miner John Dare Emersley (1826-1899) arrived at Dos Cabezas to search for mineral deposits. • JD was a graduate of the U. of Edinburgh, a scientifically accomplished writer and botanical collector with drought-tolerant grass, who named after him Muhlenbergia emersleyi (bull grass) • was a correspondent for the Engineering & Mining Journal • several other journals, including Scientific American him
According to a miner who knew him, Emersley was apparently a greedy-and unusually tall-knight: "Every Old Settler in the Globe District remembers Emersley, a three-meter-long scotchman who had more claims than he could work, and jumped more than he could hold. "-Arizona silver belt (Globe, AT), January 6, 1883
• The Scotchman soon found a gold deposit and made about 20 claims. • He built a cabin nearby at an altitude of 6,000 meters and led a secluded life. He made a contract with God and vowed not to develop allegations from him, unless he received a sign from above. Nevertheless, the legally prescribed work to retain ownership of its claims produced several tunnels, one that Roberts, 160. The sign of God was never realized, and while Emersley was waiting for it, he died of scurvy
• shortly thereafter Starved to death among his richThe story of JD Emersley, a religious hermit who lived and died on a "copper mountain", appeared in newspapers across the country. • Emersley made his demand on the Lord to be used for the good of all humanity, though he did not wish for this last wish, the "Mountain of Copper" brought another wave of prospectors into the mining district and sparked a local copper boom out
• In 1899, a new town, Laub City, was dismissed at the mouth of Mascot Canyon, 3 km. on Dos Cabezas • John A. Rockfellow (1858-1947)[[[[photo], Author of The Log of an Arizona Trail Blazer, conducted the survey. • Rockefeller's sister was Tucson architect Anne Graham Rockfellow (1866-1954), an MIT graduate and designer of the landmark El Conquistador[[[[photo]• The site was near the Emersley claims acquired from the mines of Dos Cabezas Consolidated. Coastal coastline electrification required countless miles of copper power lines"Copper camp" like Laub City grew and prospered. The city grew and gained its own post office around 1900
• Laub City was named after (and possibly after) Henry leaves (1858-1926), a Kentucky-born investor from Los Angeles for German-Jewish immigrants. • He made his first fortune as a liquor dealer. • He later invested in mining, oil and real estate in Southeast Arizona
"There is every reason to believe that Dos Cabezas will be one of Arizona's largest mining areas" – Henry Laub, 1902
• A global increase in mining led to a decline in copper prices as supply outstripped demand. • Several mining experts collaborated to restrict production so as not to stabilize the market. Consolidated Mines financing had dried up in 1903. Laub City was a ghost town Cabezas also suffered from the mine closures, but was able to hold on to the operation of some mines
• In 1905, a Wales-born mining engineer, Capt. Benjamin W. Tibbey (1848-1935), with a "Mr. Page" in the city. • Ben Tibbey's mining career began as a child in a Welch mine. • Page was actually T.N. McCauley, a Chicagoer with a turbulent investment & finance career. • The two examined the mining district. McCauley had apparently stayed. Later, he claimed that he spent two years in Emersly's abandoned cabin. • He applied quietly and acquired claims on 600 hectares
• In June 1907, McCauley organized the Mascot Copper Company with a capitalization of $ 10 million and began large-scale development. • Euphoric reports of massive ore occurrences have appeared in the local press, e.g. B. "Many Thousands of Tons of Ore in Sight – Commandments for Real Estate" Fair to Become Arizona's Largest Copper Producer "
• In 1909, Mascot acquired control of Dos Cabeza's Consolidated Mines Co., the original Emersley claims that the Laub Group had bought. • McCauley launched a campaign to sell Mascot stock for $ 3 / share, later $ 4, and eventually $ 5. • His extravagant promotions included Investor & Press Junkets in the mine in private railroad cars, Food & Drink at the property's Hospitality House, and a substantial shareholder banquet at the Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco with the company logo, a swastika prominently displayed[[[[photo]"The management of the Mascot has a remarkable array of sensational crop coverages and few if other copper mining companies can achieve their enviable performance in terms of actual tonnage when in the same development phase." -Bisbee Daily Review, March 10, 1910
• although stock analysts familiar with McCauley's story con artist Their customers were warned that by August 1910, sales of $ 300,000 had been achieved. • The shareholders owned 25% of the company, the rest was retained by the promoters
• While actual mining and ore deliveries were limited, the company announced that in 1912 a store, a boarding house, employee quarters and a new office building had been completed when Mascot continued its costly expansion and occasionally shipped ore. Arizona Territory won statehood
• In 1914, the company founded Mascot Townsite & Realty Co. to sell land in a new town they developed at Mascot Canyon:
"UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR PERSONAL GAIN By buying a property on the MASCOT TOWNSITE This new city should have a population of 5,000 in a few years." – May 1915
• By 1915, the city of Mascot had been founded. • Houses that could be reached by winding paths climbed over terraces. • Residents built a community hall on a single day. • On Saturday, a band called "Merry Miners" was organized – nightly dances
"King Copper, the magician of magic, has once again raised his polished scepter – and once again a tiny minecamp, a mere patch of the Arizona landscape, got the industrial incentive that was soon to turn it into a factor to reckon with The tiny mining town of the past was Dos Cabezas The next town is Mascot – El Paso Herald, June 25, 1915
• within 10 years The city would have ~ 100 buildings and 800 inhabitants. • The children were taught at the Mascot School and a second school with 4 teachers. • Many of the city's boys "grew up with gold to earn money" – Arizona Republic, March 4, 1971
• Although most Mexican residents of the area lived in Dos Cabezas, some, such as Esperanza Montoya Padilla (1915-2003), lived in Mascot:
"I was born on August 28, 1915, in Mascot, Arizona … In the early days, when I was a small child, Mascot was very large and thriving, it was also a beautiful place, with lots of cottonwood and oak trees The school was on this street, along with a grocery store and even a pool hall, and there was a pastry shop in the pool hall where they sold treats like ice cream On the hill there was a community center where movies were screened, I remember silent movies with Rudolph Valentino, even the guys from Dos Cabezas came to Mascot because of the movies.
At Christmas, they set up a tree in the community center, and all the kids in the city got their Christmas gifts. There was a road that led from Dos Cabezas to Mascot and all sorts of houses along this road to the mine. Our house was on this street. I remember a time when all were Caballos – horses pulling wagons. Of course the cars came later. –Songs My mother sang to me
• On January 27, 1915, a celebration in Willcox marked the beginning of the construction of the Mascot & Western Railroad • A large crowd watched as a cheering T. N. McCauley turned the first shovel out of dirt. • The last spike – a copper – was taken at The Mascot Townsite on June 15, 1915, followed by a "monstrous grill" for 4000 guests[[[[photos]• Activities included a visit to a mine and the company's "2-mile" railroad (10.6000 & # 39;)[[[[photo]"I feel that this project can only be a good and lasting good, not just because the mascot is established, but because many people who have only known Arizona in the desert so far may be part of it take home with them the idea of permanence that we enjoy in this great community. "- HA Morgan, Bisbee Daily Review, June 27, 1915
• In 1916, a drought devastated the mining area – wells dried up, cattle died and many mines closed. • On July 1, 1917, American Smelting & Refining closed its 20th anniversary. Lease the Mascot property just to give up less than a year. later probably because the operation lost money
• Following the bankruptcy of Mascot Copper, McCauley reorganized the company through merger. • The "new" Central Copper Co. commenced operations on February 15, 1919. • McCauley developed a multi-level marketing concept in which shareholders became stock traders. • The price was set at $ 0.50 per share. Purchases are limited to $ 100 / person and $ 10 / month. Financing Available • The vendors used portable, hand-cranked projectors to film the property at small gatherings of prospects
• According to reports, 70,000 shareholders were invested and were astounded when the price fell 50% when the stock came on the market. • lawsuits have been filed. • In an advertisement published in several newspapers, McCauley denied any action against the company
By January 1924, McCauley reported that $ 4.5 million was spent on the new building. By 1926, 400 employees were on the payroll, but the production of the mines proved marginal. In 1927, shareholders were informed that copper and silver prices would decrease as a result of falling copper and silver prices. Minimum amount to cover operating costs
• The following year, the company was acquired by Southwestern Securities Corporation, a holding company. • At the end of 1929 there were only 26 employees left. • On February 29, 1932, Southwestern Securities acquired Mascot Company through a public auction for $ 100,000. • McCauley moved to Tucson, was involved in a bank scandal, fled to California, then disappeared without a trace –A story of Willcox, Arizona and the surrounding areaVernon Burdette Schultz
• with the failure of Central Copper[[[[photo]And the departure of the miners began Dos Cabeza's final descent, though not without distractions. • Despite frequent mine closures and the onset of the Great Depression, the city set up a team in the Sulfur Springs Valley Baseball League, which also includes a squad representing a C.c.c. Stock • Willcox had 2 teams in the league, the Mexicans and the Americans
• Among the dwindling population of Dos Cabezas was Jack Howard, the man who "sharpened the first tools that opened the first gold discoveries of the Dos Cabezas district" and spent his last 30 years. with Mary Katherine Cummings, the story "Big Nose Kate"[[[[photo], in movies as Katie Elder –Tombstone Daily Prospector
• John Jessie "Jack" Howard (1858-1930) was born in Nottingham, England. • As one of the first miners in the mining area of Dos Cabezas, he is remembered by Howard Peak and Howard Canyon. • lived in the hills near Dos Cabezas. • He remembered as a crazy guy hiding behind his hut in a manhole to shoot at intruders as they rode into range. • On the other hand, some of his colleagues, Dos Cabezans, thought he was friendly, • divorced his wife Mary, who was divorced according to court records. a hideous and unpleasant mood, coupled with frequent outbursts of fierce temper, until she made his life a burden he could no longer endure. "
Witnesses testified of Mary's insults against insults, which included calling Howard a white man, kept a dirty house, never washed dishes or clothes, and even threatened to burn down his house and poison his camp. " –He lived with Big Nose Kate, True West
• Mary Katherine "Big Nose Kate" Horony (1850-1940) was born in Pest (Hungary). Second oldest daughter of the Hungarian doctor Miklós Horony. • emigrated with her family to the US in 1860. • taken to a nursing home after her parents' death. • stowed on a steamer in St. Louis, where she became a prostitute • 1874 fined for work as an "athlete" (prostitute) in a "sports house" (brothel) in Dodge City, KS, run by Nellie "Bessie" Ketchum, wife of James Earp
• moved to Fort Griffin, TX in 1876. • met dentist John "Doc" Hollidaywho allegedly said that he considered Kate to be his intellectual equal. • Kate introduced Holliday to Wyatt Earp
• The couple fought regularly, sometimes violently. • According to Kate, she married in Valdosta, Georgia. • moved on to AZ territory, where Kate worked as a prostitute at the Palace Saloon in Prescott. They split up, but returned to Holliday in Tombstone[[[[photos]Claimed to have experienced October 26, 1881 Gunfight in the OK Corral out of her window C.S. Fly pension
• 19 years later Kate, almost 50 years old[[[[photo]& Divorcing an abusive husband was too old for prostitution long after her romance with Doc & • In June 1900, when she was employed at the Rath Hotel in Cochise, AT, she responded to a housekeeper for $ 20 / month , plus room and board • The ad was placed by Jack Howard. • Kate lived with him as an employee ("servant" according to the 1900 census) until 1930
• On 3 January, Kate went 3 miles. to the house of Dos Cabeza's postmaster Edwin White.
"Jack died last night and I stayed with him all night."
• Howard was buried in an unmarked grave in the cemetery of Dos Cabezas after living alone for 2 years. Kate sold the homestead for $ 535.30. • In 1931 she wrote the Governor of Arizona, George W.P. Hunt to take in the Arizona pioneers home in Prescott • Although foreigners were born and thus not admitted, she claimed that Davenport, Iowa, was their birthplace and was accepted. • She died 5 days before her 90th birthday. • was buried under the name "Mary K. Cummings" in the cemetery of the homeland. "Big Nose Kate, independent woman of the Wild West – Kyla Cathey
• The mascot mine was closed in 1930
• The Mascot & WesternRailroad ceased operations in 1931 – four years later the tracks were taken
• Dos Cabezas of the 1940s photos
• In 1949, the US Postal Department corrected the spelling of the city postal service from Dos Cabezos to Dos Cabezas
• mid-20th century Dos Cabeza's family[[[[photos]• The postal service of Dos Cabezas was discontinued in 1960
• In 1964, the city's population had dropped to 12
• McCauley's Mascot Hospitality House was part of the Dos Cabezas Spirit & Nature Retreat Bed & Breakfast[[[[photo]• Today, Dos Cabezas is considered a ghost town graveyard the main attraction of the city
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Ghost Town, v01, Dos Cabezas, AZ (1879), USA
Doz CabezasAZ (about 1879, population <25), height 1,549 m (1582 m)
• The "ghost town" aesthetic of this entrance works the surprise Furthermore
"The Dos Cabezasite is the only person on the globe who can sit and smile calmly and smiles again under conditions and adversities that would drive a vicious devotee of the Lamb crazy.When Gabriel blows his horn, he will find some of those ingenious ancients Fellows who sit on a rock and tell about the promising future of the camp or how rich the juniper mine is. "-Grave stone EpitaphApril 28, 1887
• Dos Cabezas, AZ is a "living" Sonoran Desert Ghost town with few remaining inhabitants • in the Sulfur Springs Valley [[[[photo]from Cochise County • lies next to the Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") mountains, named after the two bare peaks
• A historically significant source of drinking water, formerly known as Dos Cabezas Spring, is about half an hour away. southwest of the city on the old Southern Emigration Patha main artery of the Move west • The path descends from below into the valley Apache Spring by Apache Pass
On September 4, 1851, John Russell Bartlett & his Boundary Survey The Commission was located to the west in an area that had been Spanish / Mexican territory for more than 300 years worn in the US in 1848, end of controversial The Mexican-American War, but much of the southernmost region of Arizona and New Mexico remained under the Mexican flag. Bartlett's mission was to work with a Mexican Surveying Team to formally define the post-war US-Mexico border
• The survey was a prelude to the years 1853-54 Gadsden purchase which acquired 29,670 square kilometers for $ 10 million. of the Mexican territory south of the Gila River, Including Cochise County • The deal was signed by the president Franklin Pierce, a northern anti-abolitionist ("TeiggesichtDemocrat • It should facilitate the development of a road, canal and / or railway in New Orleans-LA and open southward expansion to the south, apparently ignoring the fact that an economy based on slave cotton probably not thriving in the desert – "Cochise and his times"
• With drinking water, a precious commodity for two- and four-legged desert travelers, Apache Spring – like many water holes – became the scene of a stagecoach stop. C. 1857 • was operated by the San Antonio-San Diego "San-San" line, commonly known "Jackass Mail" • Chiricahua Apache Attacks made the Apache Pass the most dangerous stop on Birkenstrasse[[[[map], named after company owner James Birch (1827-1857) –The West is connected
• the 1,476 mi. Only daylight driving – with daily stops for 2 meals (45 min. Each) and team change (5-10 min.) – usually it took less than 30 days and could be up to 22. • One way is $ 150. Meals and £ 30 luggage included –Deconstruct the Jackass Mail Route
• The Jackass Line had a fleet of High speed trolley (mud)Vehicles suitable for transport in case of strong heat in rough terrain. Concord stagecoaches [[[[photo]made by the Abbot Downing Co. in Concord, NH
"It was no joke to sit in the hard seat, now against the roof and now against the side of the car." Under the passenger compartment, wide leather straps called "full-length braces" sat in the carriage, causing them to move Motion sickness was a common complaint, and ginger root was the preferred remedy. "-Historynet
• Each stage accommodates 9-12 passengers on three benches and up to 10 others on the roof • The coaches were drawn by four- and six-mule teams. • The company kept 200 upper mules in its western coasts
The bus was equipped with three seats, which were occupied by nine passengers. As the occupants of the front and middle seats faced each other, these six persons had to lock their knees; and only for ten of the twelve legs there was room, each side of the coach was adorned by a foot that dangled now on the bike and now tried in vain to find a base … "-The story of stagecoaches in Tucson, ArizonaBob Ring
• Tips For stagecoach travelers, Cowboy Chronicles
• The passenger experience, Desert USA
"The company recommended to every passenger: … with one Sharp's rifle(Not carbine,) with equipment and a hundred cartridges, a dark blue Colts revolver and two pounds of bullets, belts and holsters, knives and scabbards … "-San Diego Herald November 21, 1857
• The stations of the line were built 10 to 40 miles. apart from • a few basic bedding options provided; Everyone had water for passengers, drivers ("Whips") and their teams • equipped with corrals, the depots served as relay stations where drivers and draft animals were exchanged. • "Rocking Stations" did not offer meals, but larger "home stations," often run by families, were "eating stops":
"… hard beef or pork fried in a dirt-blackened pan, coarse bread, mesquite beans, a mysterious concoction known as slumgullion, deadly black coffee, and a" nasty mixture of dried apples "that spread masked under the name apple pie. "-True West
• In September 1857, Jackass founder James Birch, who sailed to Panama via California, was lost at sea along with 419 other passengers and 30-pound pounds. made of gold in the S. S. Central America Disaster • in the same month the Butterfield Overland Mail line[[[[photos]From St. Louis to San Francisco, it gradually began to displace the Jackass Line and absorb many of its stations
• around 1858 a new fortified stone camp, Ewell's Stage Station [[[[photo]rose 4 mi. south of Dos Cabezas Spring • It's unclear which stage lift the building has built, but when Jackass Mail was completed, Butterfield-Overland later left the decision to bypass "Ewell's." In 1861 it was in ruins, which were destroyed by Apaches
• The name Ewell continued to live in a tiny, heavily populated settlement Ewell Springs & at Dos Cabezas Spring, renamed Ewell's Spring when the original station was built. • In 1879, the National Mail & Transportation Co. had set up a new Ewell's station
Born in Virginia Richard Stoddert "Baldy" Ewell (1817-1872) was captain of the first US dragoons, which were stationed in the 1850s in the southwest. He resigned from the US Army in 1861 to join the Confederation. • served in the Civil War as Commander-in-Chief under Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee • It has been argued that his decisions In the Battle of Gettysburg may have decided the outcome of this engagement
• During Ewell's service in the West, Gila Apache raided the Southern Emigrant Route and demanded a military response. • He campaigned for an unrestricted fight: "How can the devil stop a soldier in the midst of battle and summon a jury of mattresses to decide if he has a redshin to throw bullets into the soldiers is a woman or not . "• the 1857 Bonneville Expedition, in which Ewell commanded about 300 men, who committed themselves on the river Gila against Apache
"… the fight on June 27 … was short and sweet … Ewell went away with the lion's share of the honors … Hardly an Apache escaped, nearly 40 warriors were killed or wounded and 45 women and children were captured … Ewell was unreservedly recognized as the hero of the day, his rampant leap to action destroyed the Western Apaches and forced them to seek peace. "-Robert E. Lee's hesitant commanderPaul D. Casdorph
• From Lt. John Van Deusen Du Bois & # 39; report on the engagement: "An Indian was wounded, and his wife carried him to the Chaparral in the arms and covered him with a brush when the troops came upon them and killed both of them Indian was arrested and taken out by Col. Bonneville's request or express command with bound hands and shot like a dog by a Pueblo Indian – not 30 yards from the camp … May God never allow the Native American fight make me a thug or I'm hard, so that I can behave the coward in this way … "-Journal of the History of Arizona, Vo. 43, No. 2, Arizona Historical Society
• c. Around 1850, gold veins and some gold nuggets were discovered around the Ewell's station in the 1860s wildcatters Gold found on both sides of the Dos Cabezas series • In 1862, claims were made near the mountains and around the Apache Pass.Index of Mining Properties
• In 1866, Congress passed a mining law that in 1872 proclaimed "Minerals of Public Interest … free and open to exploration and occupation." additional stimulus was provided to "promote the exploration and development of minerals in the western United States",Congress Research Service
• John Casey (1834-1904), an immigrant from Ireland, had made the first important statement in the area of Dos Cabezas in 1878. • Juniper (locally known as "Casey Gold") was only 3 km northeast of Ewell Spring • John and his brother Dan moved to a hut on site. • At the end of the year, a dozen employees worked in the mine
• The news that Casey Pay Dirt & Word had hit that soon a station in the South Pacific would be built in Willcox – only 14 miles. Dozens of prospectors lured, z. B. Simon Hansen (1852-1929), a recent immigrant from Denmark who claimed 27 claims. • With the arrival of the new settlers, a small school was built on October 20, 1878, the Dos Cabezas The mining district was officially determined
• 1879 the Arizona Miner reported rich silver and gold deposits, claiming to have 2,000 residents at Ewell Springs. • Other reports indicate that the local population is unlikely to exceed 300 before 1920The persistence of mining settlements in the Arizona countrysideJonathan Lay Harris, 1971
• In the midst of the rapid growth of 1879, the settlement of Ewell Springs was replaced by Dos Cabezas, a town with its own post office, just above Ewell. • John Casey is widely regarded as the founder • Mississippi-born James Monroe Riggs (1835-1912), once a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army, became Post Cabezas' first postmaster and opened a shop he was Traveler's Rest named
• In 1880 there were ~ 30 mud houses and 15 families in the up-and-coming city. • In 1882, the year of the city newspaper, 65 voters were registered Dos Cabezas Gold NoteIn 1884, 42 students wrote the school of the city
• At its height, Dos Cabezas had ~ 50 buildings, 3 shops, 3 salons, 2 dairies, joineries, telegraphy, a commercial shop, a barber shop, a butchery, a brewery, a brickyard, a hotel, a ballroom, a boarding house, a blacksmith shop , 3 stables, 3 stamp mills For gold ore and about 300 inhabitants, however, the population consisted of at least 1,500 prospectors, miners and other mining companies. Employees who live in the nearby mountains and valleys –Books in Northport
• Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") was often spelled and pronounced "Dos Cabezos", with an "o" replacing the second "a" in "Cabezas". • The postmaster chose both spellings, as seen in the city postmark • the English translation by Dos CabezOs is "Two Peaks", undoubtedly a more accurate – albeit less poetic – description of the twin peaks than the original, since the flawed version was only registered at the US Post Office in Washington DC interchangeable spellings persist into the 20th century
• The railroad arrived in Arizona in 1880, a station was established in Willcox, and shabby Scottish-born miner John Dare Emersley (1826-1899) arrived at Dos Cabezas to search for mineral deposits. • JD was a graduate of the U. of Edinburgh, a scientifically accomplished writer and botanical collector with drought-tolerant grass, who named after him Muhlenbergia emersleyi (bull grass) • was a correspondent for the Engineering & Mining Journal • several other journals, including Scientific American him
According to a miner who knew him, Emersley was apparently a greedy-and unusually tall-knight: "Every Old Settler in the Globe District remembers Emersley, a three-meter-long scotchman who had more claims than he could work, and jumped more than he could hold. "-Arizona silver belt (Globe, AT), January 6, 1883
• The Scotchman soon found a gold deposit and made about 20 claims. • He built a cabin nearby at an altitude of 6,000 meters and led a secluded life. He made a contract with God and vowed not to develop allegations from him, unless he received a sign from above. Nevertheless, the legally prescribed work to retain ownership of its claims produced several tunnels, one that Roberts, 160. The sign of God was never realized, and while Emersley was waiting for it, he died of scurvy
• shortly thereafter Starved to death among his richThe story of JD Emersley, a religious hermit who lived and died on a "copper mountain", appeared in newspapers across the country. • Emersley made his demand on the Lord to be used for the good of all humanity, though he did not wish for this last wish, the "Mountain of Copper" brought another wave of prospectors into the mining district and sparked a local copper boom out
• In 1899, a new town, Laub City, was dismissed at the mouth of Mascot Canyon, 3 km. on Dos Cabezas • John A. Rockfellow (1858-1947)[[[[photo], Author of The Log of an Arizona Trail Blazer, conducted the survey. • Rockefeller's sister was Tucson architect Anne Graham Rockfellow (1866-1954), an MIT graduate and designer of the landmark El Conquistador[[[[photo]• The site was near the Emersley claims acquired from the mines of Dos Cabezas Consolidated. Coastal coastline electrification required countless miles of copper power lines"Copper camp" like Laub City grew and prospered. The city grew and gained its own post office around 1900
• Laub City was named after (and possibly after) Henry leaves (1858-1926), a Kentucky-born investor from Los Angeles for German-Jewish immigrants. • He made his first fortune as a liquor dealer. • He later invested in mining, oil and real estate in Southeast Arizona
"There is every reason to believe that Dos Cabezas will be one of Arizona's largest mining areas" – Henry Laub, 1902
• A global increase in mining led to a decline in copper prices as supply outstripped demand. • Several mining experts collaborated to restrict production so as not to stabilize the market. Consolidated Mines financing had dried up in 1903. Laub City was a ghost town Cabezas also suffered from the mine closures, but was able to hold on to the operation of some mines
• In 1905, a Wales-born mining engineer, Capt. Benjamin W. Tibbey (1848-1935), with a "Mr. Page" in the city. • Ben Tibbey's mining career began as a child in a Welch mine. • Page was actually T.N. McCauley, a Chicagoer with a turbulent investment & finance career. • The two examined the mining district. McCauley had apparently stayed. Later, he claimed that he spent two years in Emersly's abandoned cabin. • He applied quietly and acquired claims on 600 hectares
• In June 1907, McCauley organized the Mascot Copper Company with a capitalization of $ 10 million and began large-scale development. • Euphoric reports of massive ore occurrences have appeared in the local press, e.g. B. "Many Thousands of Tons of Ore in Sight – Commandments for Real Estate" Fair to Become Arizona's Largest Copper Producer "
• In 1909, Mascot acquired control of Dos Cabeza's Consolidated Mines Co., the original Emersley claims that the Laub Group had bought. • McCauley launched a campaign to sell Mascot stock for $ 3 / share, later $ 4, and eventually $ 5. • His extravagant promotions included Investor & Press Junkets in the mine in private railroad cars, Food & Drink at the property's Hospitality House, and a substantial shareholder banquet at the Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco with the company logo, a swastika prominently displayed[[[[photo]"The management of the Mascot has a remarkable array of sensational crop coverages and few if other copper mining companies can achieve their enviable performance in terms of actual tonnage when in the same development phase." -Bisbee Daily Review, March 10, 1910
• although stock analysts familiar with McCauley's story con artist Their customers were warned that by August 1910, sales of $ 300,000 had been achieved. • The shareholders owned 25% of the company, the rest was retained by the promoters
• While actual mining and ore deliveries were limited, the company announced that in 1912 a store, a boarding house, employee quarters and a new office building had been completed when Mascot continued its costly expansion and occasionally shipped ore. Arizona Territory won statehood
• In 1914, the company founded Mascot Townsite & Realty Co. to sell land in a new town they developed at Mascot Canyon:
"UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR PERSONAL GAIN By buying a property on the MASCOT TOWNSITE This new city should have a population of 5,000 in a few years." – May 1915
• By 1915, the city of Mascot had been founded. • Houses that could be reached by winding paths climbed over terraces. • Residents built a community hall on a single day. • On Saturday, a band called "Merry Miners" was organized – nightly dances
"King Copper, the magician of magic, has once again raised his polished scepter – and once again a tiny minecamp, a mere patch of the Arizona landscape, got the industrial incentive that was soon to turn it into a factor to reckon with The tiny mining town of the past was Dos Cabezas The next town is Mascot – El Paso Herald, June 25, 1915
• within 10 years The city would have ~ 100 buildings and 800 inhabitants. • The children were taught at the Mascot School and a second school with 4 teachers. • Many of the city's boys "grew up with gold to earn money" – Arizona Republic, March 4, 1971
• Although most Mexican residents of the area lived in Dos Cabezas, some, such as Esperanza Montoya Padilla (1915-2003), lived in Mascot:
"I was born on August 28, 1915, in Mascot, Arizona … In the early days, when I was a small child, Mascot was very large and thriving, it was also a beautiful place, with lots of cottonwood and oak trees The school was on this street, along with a grocery store and even a pool hall, and there was a pastry shop in the pool hall where they sold treats like ice cream On the hill there was a community center where movies were screened, I remember silent movies with Rudolph Valentino, even the guys from Dos Cabezas came to Mascot because of the movies.
At Christmas, they set up a tree in the community center, and all the kids in the city got their Christmas gifts. There was a road that led from Dos Cabezas to Mascot and all sorts of houses along this road to the mine. Our house was on this street. I remember a time when all were Caballos – horses pulling wagons. Of course the cars came later. –Songs My mother sang to me
• On January 27, 1915, a celebration in Willcox marked the beginning of the construction of the Mascot & Western Railroad • A large crowd watched as a cheering T. N. McCauley turned the first shovel out of dirt. • The last spike – a copper – was taken at The Mascot Townsite on June 15, 1915, followed by a "monstrous grill" for 4000 guests[[[[photos]• Activities included a visit to a mine and the company's "2-mile" railroad (10.6000 & # 39;)[[[[photo]"I feel that this project can only be a good and lasting good, not just because the mascot is established, but because many people who have only known Arizona in the desert so far may be part of it take home with them the idea of permanence that we enjoy in this great community. "- HA Morgan, Bisbee Daily Review, June 27, 1915
• In 1916, a drought devastated the mining area – wells dried up, cattle died and many mines closed. • On July 1, 1917, American Smelting & Refining closed its 20th anniversary. Lease the Mascot property just to give up less than a year. later probably because the operation lost money
• Following the bankruptcy of Mascot Copper, McCauley reorganized the company through merger. • The "new" Central Copper Co. commenced operations on February 15, 1919. • McCauley developed a multi-level marketing concept in which shareholders became stock traders. • The price was set at $ 0.50 per share. Purchases are limited to $ 100 / person and $ 10 / month. Financing Available • The vendors used portable, hand-cranked projectors to film the property at small gatherings of prospects
• According to reports, 70,000 shareholders were invested and were astounded when the price fell 50% when the stock came on the market. • lawsuits have been filed. • In an advertisement published in several newspapers, McCauley denied any action against the company
By January 1924, McCauley reported that $ 4.5 million was spent on the new building. By 1926, 400 employees were on the payroll, but the production of the mines proved marginal. In 1927, shareholders were informed that copper and silver prices would decrease as a result of falling copper and silver prices. Minimum amount to cover operating costs
• The following year, the company was acquired by Southwestern Securities Corporation, a holding company. • At the end of 1929 there were only 26 employees left. • On February 29, 1932, Southwestern Securities acquired Mascot Company through a public auction for $ 100,000. • McCauley moved to Tucson, was involved in a bank scandal, fled to California, then disappeared without a trace –A story of Willcox, Arizona and the surrounding areaVernon Burdette Schultz
• with the failure of Central Copper[[[[photo]And the departure of the miners began Dos Cabeza's final descent, though not without distractions. • Despite frequent mine closures and the onset of the Great Depression, the city set up a team in the Sulfur Springs Valley Baseball League, which also includes a squad representing a C.c.c. Stock • Willcox had 2 teams in the league, the Mexicans and the Americans
• Among the dwindling population of Dos Cabezas was Jack Howard, the man who "sharpened the first tools that opened the first gold discoveries of the Dos Cabezas district" and spent his last 30 years. with Mary Katherine Cummings, the story "Big Nose Kate"[[[[photo], in movies as Katie Elder –Tombstone Daily Prospector
• John Jessie "Jack" Howard (1858-1930) was born in Nottingham, England. • As one of the first miners in the mining area of Dos Cabezas, he is remembered by Howard Peak and Howard Canyon. • lived in the hills near Dos Cabezas. • He remembered as a crazy guy hiding behind his hut in a manhole to shoot at intruders as they rode into range. • On the other hand, some of his colleagues, Dos Cabezans, thought he was friendly, • divorced his wife Mary, who was divorced according to court records. a hideous and unpleasant mood, coupled with frequent outbursts of fierce temper, until she made his life a burden he could no longer endure. "
Witnesses testified of Mary's insults against insults, which included calling Howard a white man, kept a dirty house, never washed dishes or clothes, and even threatened to burn down his house and poison his camp. " –He lived with Big Nose Kate, True West
• Mary Katherine "Big Nose Kate" Horony (1850-1940) was born in Pest (Hungary). Second oldest daughter of the Hungarian doctor Miklós Horony. • emigrated with her family to the US in 1860. • taken to a nursing home after her parents' death. • stowed on a steamer in St. Louis, where she became a prostitute • 1874 fined for work as an "athlete" (prostitute) in a "sports house" (brothel) in Dodge City, KS, run by Nellie "Bessie" Ketchum, wife of James Earp
• moved to Fort Griffin, TX in 1876. • met dentist John "Doc" Hollidaywho allegedly said that he considered Kate to be his intellectual equal. • Kate introduced Holliday to Wyatt Earp
• The couple fought regularly, sometimes violently. • According to Kate, she married in Valdosta, Georgia. • moved on to AZ territory, where Kate worked as a prostitute at the Palace Saloon in Prescott. They split up, but returned to Holliday in Tombstone[[[[photos]Claimed to have experienced October 26, 1881 Gunfight in the OK Corral out of her window C.S. Fly pension
• 19 years later Kate, almost 50 years old[[[[photo]& Divorcing an abusive husband was too old for prostitution long after her romance with Doc & • In June 1900, when she was employed at the Rath Hotel in Cochise, AT, she responded to a housekeeper for $ 20 / month , plus room and board • The ad was placed by Jack Howard. • Kate lived with him as an employee ("servant" according to the 1900 census) until 1930
• On 3 January, Kate went 3 miles. to the house of Dos Cabeza's postmaster Edwin White.
"Jack died last night and I stayed with him all night."
• Howard was buried in an unmarked grave in the cemetery of Dos Cabezas after living alone for 2 years. Kate sold the homestead for $ 535.30. • In 1931 she wrote the Governor of Arizona, George W.P. Hunt to take in the Arizona pioneers home in Prescott • Although foreigners were born and thus not admitted, she claimed that Davenport, Iowa, was their birthplace and was accepted. • She died 5 days before her 90th birthday. • was buried under the name "Mary K. Cummings" in the cemetery of the homeland. "Big Nose Kate, independent woman of the Wild West – Kyla Cathey
• The mascot mine was closed in 1930
• The Mascot & WesternRailroad ceased operations in 1931 – four years later the tracks were taken
• Dos Cabezas of the 1940s photos
• In 1949, the US Postal Department corrected the spelling of the city postal service from Dos Cabezos to Dos Cabezas
• mid-20th century Dos Cabeza's family[[[[photos]• The postal service of Dos Cabezas was discontinued in 1960
• In 1964, the city's population had dropped to 12
• McCauley's Mascot Hospitality House was part of the Dos Cabezas Spirit & Nature Retreat Bed & Breakfast[[[[photo]• Today, Dos Cabezas is considered a ghost town graveyard the main attraction of the city
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Ghost Town, v02, Dos Cabezas, AZ (1879), USA
Doz CabezasAZ (about 1879, population <25), height 1,549 m (1582 m)
"The Dos Cabezasite is the only person on the globe who can sit and smile calmly and smiles again under conditions and adversities that would drive a vicious devotee of the Lamb crazy.When Gabriel blows his horn, he will find some of those ingenious ancients Fellows who sit on a rock and tell about the promising future of the camp or how rich the juniper mine is. "-Grave stone EpitaphApril 28, 1887
• Dos Cabezas, AZ is a "living" Sonoran Desert Ghost town with few remaining inhabitants • in the Sulfur Springs Valley [[[[photo]from Cochise County • lies next to the Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") mountains, named after the two bare peaks
• A historically significant source of drinking water, formerly known as Dos Cabezas Spring, is about half an hour away. southwest of the city on the old Southern Emigration Patha main artery of the Move west • The path descends from below into the valley Apache Spring by Apache Pass
On September 4, 1851, John Russell Bartlett & his Boundary Survey The Commission was located to the west in an area that had been Spanish / Mexican territory for more than 300 years worn in the US in 1848, end of controversial The Mexican-American War, but much of the southernmost region of Arizona and New Mexico remained under the Mexican flag. Bartlett's mission was to work with a Mexican Surveying Team to formally define the post-war US-Mexico border
• The survey was a prelude to the years 1853-54 Gadsden purchase which acquired 29,670 square kilometers for $ 10 million. of the Mexican territory south of the Gila River, Including Cochise County • The deal was signed by the president Franklin Pierce, a northern anti-abolitionist ("TeiggesichtDemocrat • It should facilitate the development of a road, canal and / or railway in New Orleans-LA and open southward expansion to the south, apparently ignoring the fact that an economy based on slave cotton probably not thriving in the desert – "Cochise and his times"
• With drinking water, a precious commodity for two- and four-legged desert travelers, Apache Spring – like many water holes – became the scene of a stagecoach stop. C. 1857 • was operated by the San Antonio-San Diego "San-San" line, commonly known "Jackass Mail" • Chiricahua Apache Attacks made the Apache Pass the most dangerous stop on Birkenstrasse[[[[map], named after company owner James Birch (1827-1857) –The West is connected
• the 1,476 mi. Only daylight driving – with daily stops for 2 meals (45 min. Each) and team change (5-10 min.) – usually it took less than 30 days and could be up to 22. • One way is $ 150. Meals and £ 30 luggage included –Deconstruct the Jackass Mail Route
• The Jackass Line had a fleet of High speed trolley (mud)Vehicles suitable for transport in case of strong heat in rough terrain. Concord stagecoaches [[[[photo]made by the Abbot Downing Co. in Concord, NH
"It was no joke to sit in the hard seat, now against the roof and now against the side of the car." Under the passenger compartment, wide leather straps called "full-length braces" sat in the carriage, causing them to move Motion sickness was a common complaint, and ginger root was the preferred remedy. "-Historynet
• Each stage accommodates 9-12 passengers on three benches and up to 10 others on the roof • The coaches were drawn by four- and six-mule teams. • The company kept 200 upper mules in its western coasts
The bus was equipped with three seats, which were occupied by nine passengers. As the occupants of the front and middle seats faced each other, these six persons had to lock their knees; and only for ten of the twelve legs there was room, each side of the coach was adorned by a foot that dangled now on the bike and now tried in vain to find a base … "-The story of stagecoaches in Tucson, ArizonaBob Ring
• Tips For stagecoach travelers, Cowboy Chronicles
• The passenger experience, Desert USA
"The company recommended to every passenger: … with one Sharp's rifle(Not carbine,) with equipment and a hundred cartridges, a dark blue Colts revolver and two pounds of bullets, belts and holsters, knives and scabbards … "-San Diego Herald November 21, 1857
• The stations of the line were built 10 to 40 miles. apart from • a few basic bedding options provided; Everyone had water for passengers, drivers ("Whips") and their teams • equipped with corrals, the depots served as relay stations where drivers and draft animals were exchanged. • "Rocking Stations" did not offer meals, but larger "home stations," often run by families, were "eating stops":
"… hard beef or pork fried in a dirt-blackened pan, coarse bread, mesquite beans, a mysterious concoction known as slumgullion, deadly black coffee, and a" nasty mixture of dried apples "that spread masked under the name apple pie. "-True West
• In September 1857, Jackass founder James Birch, who sailed to Panama via California, was lost at sea along with 419 other passengers and 30-pound pounds. made of gold in the S. S. Central America Disaster • in the same month the Butterfield Overland Mail line[[[[photos]From St. Louis to San Francisco, it gradually began to displace the Jackass Line and absorb many of its stations
• around 1858 a new fortified stone camp, Ewell's Stage Station [[[[photo]rose 4 mi. south of Dos Cabezas Spring • It's unclear which stage lift the building has built, but when Jackass Mail was completed, Butterfield-Overland later left the decision to bypass "Ewell's." In 1861 it was in ruins, which were destroyed by Apaches
• The name Ewell continued to live in a tiny, heavily populated settlement Ewell Springs & at Dos Cabezas Spring, renamed Ewell's Spring when the original station was built. • In 1879, the National Mail & Transportation Co. had set up a new Ewell's station
Born in Virginia Richard Stoddert "Baldy" Ewell (1817-1872) was captain of the first US dragoons, which were stationed in the 1850s in the southwest. He resigned from the US Army in 1861 to join the Confederation. • served in the Civil War as Commander-in-Chief under Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee • It has been argued that his decisions In the Battle of Gettysburg may have decided the outcome of this engagement
• During Ewell's service in the West, Gila Apache raided the Southern Emigrant Route and demanded a military response. • He campaigned for an unrestricted fight: "How can the devil stop a soldier in the midst of battle and summon a jury of mattresses to decide if he has a redshin to throw bullets into the soldiers is a woman or not . "• the 1857 Bonneville Expedition, in which Ewell commanded about 300 men, who committed themselves on the river Gila against Apache
"… the fight on June 27 … was short and sweet … Ewell went away with the lion's share of the honors … Hardly an Apache escaped, nearly 40 warriors were killed or wounded and 45 women and children were captured … Ewell was unreservedly recognized as the hero of the day, his rampant leap to action destroyed the Western Apaches and forced them to seek peace. "-Robert E. Lee's hesitant commanderPaul D. Casdorph
• From Lt. John Van Deusen Du Bois & # 39; report on the engagement: "An Indian was wounded, and his wife carried him to the Chaparral in the arms and covered him with a brush when the troops came upon them and killed both of them Indian was arrested and taken out by Col. Bonneville's request or express command with bound hands and shot like a dog by a Pueblo Indian – not 30 yards from the camp … May God never allow the Native American fight make me a thug or I'm hard, so that I can behave the coward in this way … "-Journal of the History of Arizona, Vo. 43, No. 2, Arizona Historical Society
• c. Around 1850, gold veins and some gold nuggets were discovered around the Ewell's station in the 1860s wildcatters Gold found on both sides of the Dos Cabezas series • In 1862, claims were made near the mountains and around the Apache Pass.Index of Mining Properties
• In 1866, Congress passed a mining law that in 1872 proclaimed "Minerals of Public Interest … free and open to exploration and occupation." additional stimulus was provided to "promote the exploration and development of minerals in the western United States",Congress Research Service
• John Casey (1834-1904), an immigrant from Ireland, had made the first important statement in the area of Dos Cabezas in 1878. • Juniper (locally known as "Casey Gold") was only 3 km northeast of Ewell Spring • John and his brother Dan moved to a hut on site. • At the end of the year, a dozen employees worked in the mine
• The news that Casey Pay Dirt & Word had hit that soon a station in the South Pacific would be built in Willcox – only 14 miles. Dozens of prospectors lured, z. B. Simon Hansen (1852-1929), a recent immigrant from Denmark who claimed 27 claims. • With the arrival of the new settlers, a small school was built on October 20, 1878, the Dos Cabezas The mining district was officially determined
• 1879 the Arizona Miner reported rich silver and gold deposits, claiming to have 2,000 residents at Ewell Springs. • Other reports indicate that the local population is unlikely to exceed 300 before 1920The persistence of mining settlements in the Arizona countrysideJonathan Lay Harris, 1971
• In the midst of the rapid growth of 1879, the settlement of Ewell Springs was replaced by Dos Cabezas, a town with its own post office, just above Ewell. • John Casey is widely regarded as the founder • Mississippi-born James Monroe Riggs (1835-1912), once a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army, became Post Cabezas' first postmaster and opened a shop he was Traveler's Rest named
• In 1880 there were ~ 30 mud houses and 15 families in the up-and-coming city. • In 1882, the year of the city newspaper, 65 voters were registered Dos Cabezas Gold NoteIn 1884, 42 students wrote the school of the city
• At its height, Dos Cabezas had ~ 50 buildings, 3 shops, 3 salons, 2 dairies, joineries, telegraphy, a commercial shop, a barber shop, a butchery, a brewery, a brickyard, a hotel, a ballroom, a boarding house, a blacksmith shop , 3 stables, 3 stamp mills For gold ore and about 300 inhabitants, however, the population consisted of at least 1,500 prospectors, miners and other mining companies. Employees who live in the nearby mountains and valleys –Books in Northport
• Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") was often spelled and pronounced "Dos Cabezos", with an "o" replacing the second "a" in "Cabezas". • The postmaster chose both spellings, as seen in the city postmark • the English translation by Dos CabezOs is "Two Peaks", undoubtedly a more accurate – albeit less poetic – description of the twin peaks than the original, since the flawed version was only registered at the US Post Office in Washington DC interchangeable spellings persist into the 20th century
• The railroad arrived in Arizona in 1880, a station was established in Willcox, and shabby Scottish-born miner John Dare Emersley (1826-1899) arrived at Dos Cabezas to search for mineral deposits. • JD was a graduate of the U. of Edinburgh, a scientifically accomplished writer and botanical collector with drought-tolerant grass, who named after him Muhlenbergia emersleyi (bull grass) • was a correspondent for the Engineering & Mining Journal • several other journals, including Scientific American him
According to a miner who knew him, Emersley was apparently a greedy-and unusually tall-knight: "Every Old Settler in the Globe District remembers Emersley, a three-meter-long scotchman who had more claims than he could work, and jumped more than he could hold. "-Arizona silver belt (Globe, AT), January 6, 1883
• The Scotchman soon found a gold deposit and made about 20 claims. • He built a cabin nearby at an altitude of 6,000 meters and led a secluded life. He made a contract with God and vowed not to develop allegations from him, unless he received a sign from above. Nevertheless, the legally prescribed work to retain ownership of its claims produced several tunnels, one that Roberts, 160. The sign of God was never realized, and while Emersley was waiting for it, he died of scurvy
• shortly thereafter Starved to death among his richThe story of JD Emersley, a religious hermit who lived and died on a "copper mountain", appeared in newspapers across the country. • Emersley made his demand on the Lord to be used for the good of all humanity, though he did not wish for this last wish, the "Mountain of Copper" brought another wave of prospectors into the mining district and sparked a local copper boom out
• In 1899, a new town, Laub City, was dismissed at the mouth of Mascot Canyon, 3 km. on Dos Cabezas • John A. Rockfellow (1858-1947)[[[[photo], Author of The Log of an Arizona Trail Blazer, conducted the survey. • Rockefeller's sister was Tucson architect Anne Graham Rockfellow (1866-1954), an MIT graduate and designer of the landmark El Conquistador[[[[photo]• The site was near the Emersley claims acquired from the mines of Dos Cabezas Consolidated. Coastal coastline electrification required countless miles of copper power lines"Copper camp" like Laub City grew and prospered. The city grew and gained its own post office around 1900
• Laub City was named after (and possibly after) Henry leaves (1858-1926), a Kentucky-born investor from Los Angeles for German-Jewish immigrants. • He made his first fortune as a liquor dealer. • He later invested in mining, oil and real estate in Southeast Arizona
"There is every reason to believe that Dos Cabezas will be one of Arizona's largest mining areas" – Henry Laub, 1902
• A global increase in mining led to a decline in copper prices as supply outstripped demand. • Several mining experts collaborated to restrict production so as not to stabilize the market. Consolidated Mines financing had dried up in 1903. Laub City was a ghost town Cabezas also suffered from the mine closures, but was able to hold on to the operation of some mines
• In 1905, a Wales-born mining engineer, Capt. Benjamin W. Tibbey (1848-1935), with a "Mr. Page" in the city. • Ben Tibbey's mining career began as a child in a Welch mine. • Page was actually T.N. McCauley, a Chicagoer with a turbulent investment & finance career. • The two examined the mining district. McCauley had apparently stayed. Later, he claimed that he spent two years in Emersly's abandoned cabin. • He applied quietly and acquired claims on 600 hectares
• In June 1907, McCauley organized the Mascot Copper Company with a capitalization of $ 10 million and began large-scale development. • Euphoric reports of massive ore occurrences have appeared in the local press, e.g. B. "Many Thousands of Tons of Ore in Sight – Commandments for Real Estate" Fair to Become Arizona's Largest Copper Producer "
• In 1909, Mascot acquired control of Dos Cabeza's Consolidated Mines Co., the original Emersley claims that the Laub Group had bought. • McCauley launched a campaign to sell Mascot stock for $ 3 / share, later $ 4, and eventually $ 5. • His extravagant promotions included Investor & Press Junkets in the mine in private railroad cars, Food & Drink at the property's Hospitality House, and a substantial shareholder banquet at the Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco with the company logo, a swastika prominently displayed[[[[photo]"The management of the Mascot has a remarkable array of sensational crop coverages and few if other copper mining companies can achieve their enviable performance in terms of actual tonnage when in the same development phase." -Bisbee Daily Review, March 10, 1910
• although stock analysts familiar with McCauley's story con artist Their customers were warned that by August 1910, sales of $ 300,000 had been achieved. • The shareholders owned 25% of the company, the rest was retained by the promoters
• While actual mining and ore deliveries were limited, the company announced that in 1912 a store, a boarding house, employee quarters and a new office building had been completed when Mascot continued its costly expansion and occasionally shipped ore. Arizona Territory won statehood
• In 1914, the company founded Mascot Townsite & Realty Co. to sell land in a new town they developed at Mascot Canyon:
"UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR PERSONAL GAIN By buying a property on the MASCOT TOWNSITE This new city should have a population of 5,000 in a few years." – May 1915
• By 1915, the city of Mascot had been founded. • Houses that could be reached by winding paths climbed over terraces. • Residents built a community hall on a single day. • On Saturday, a band called "Merry Miners" was organized – nightly dances
"King Copper, the magician of magic, has once again raised his polished scepter – and once again a tiny minecamp, a mere patch of the Arizona landscape, got the industrial incentive that was soon to turn it into a factor to reckon with The tiny mining town of the past was Dos Cabezas The next town is Mascot – El Paso Herald, June 25, 1915
• within 10 years The city would have ~ 100 buildings and 800 inhabitants. • The children were taught at the Mascot School and a second school with 4 teachers. • Many of the city's boys "grew up with gold to earn money" – Arizona Republic, March 4, 1971
• Although most Mexican residents of the area lived in Dos Cabezas, some, such as Esperanza Montoya Padilla (1915-2003), lived in Mascot:
"I was born on August 28, 1915, in Mascot, Arizona … In the early days, when I was a small child, Mascot was very large and thriving, it was also a beautiful place, with lots of cottonwood and oak trees The school was on this street, along with a grocery store and even a pool hall, and there was a pastry shop in the pool hall where they sold treats like ice cream On the hill there was a community center where movies were screened, I remember silent movies with Rudolph Valentino, even the guys from Dos Cabezas came to Mascot because of the movies.
At Christmas, they set up a tree in the community center, and all the kids in the city got their Christmas gifts. There was a road that led from Dos Cabezas to Mascot and all sorts of houses along this road to the mine. Our house was on this street. I remember a time when all were Caballos – horses pulling wagons. Of course the cars came later. –Songs My mother sang to me
• On January 27, 1915, a celebration in Willcox marked the beginning of the construction of the Mascot & Western Railroad • A large crowd watched as a cheering T. N. McCauley turned the first shovel out of dirt. • The last spike – a copper – was taken at The Mascot Townsite on June 15, 1915, followed by a "monstrous grill" for 4000 guests[[[[photos]• Activities included a visit to a mine and the company's "2-mile" railroad (10.6000 & # 39;)[[[[photo]"I feel that this project can only be a good and lasting good, not just because the mascot is established, but because many people who have only known Arizona in the desert so far may be part of it take home with them the idea of permanence that we enjoy in this great community. "- HA Morgan, Bisbee Daily Review, June 27, 1915
• In 1916, a drought devastated the mining area – wells dried up, cattle died and many mines closed. • On July 1, 1917, American Smelting & Refining closed its 20th anniversary. Lease the Mascot property just to give up less than a year. later probably because the operation lost money
• Following the bankruptcy of Mascot Copper, McCauley reorganized the company through merger. • The "new" Central Copper Co. commenced operations on February 15, 1919. • McCauley developed a multi-level marketing concept in which shareholders became stock traders. • The price was set at $ 0.50 per share. Purchases are limited to $ 100 / person and $ 10 / month. Financing Available • The vendors used portable, hand-cranked projectors to film the property at small gatherings of prospects
• According to reports, 70,000 shareholders were invested and were astounded when the price fell 50% when the stock came on the market. • lawsuits have been filed. • In an advertisement published in several newspapers, McCauley denied any action against the company
By January 1924, McCauley reported that $ 4.5 million was spent on the new building. By 1926, 400 employees were on the payroll, but the production of the mines proved marginal. In 1927, shareholders were informed that copper and silver prices would decrease as a result of falling copper and silver prices. Minimum amount to cover operating costs
• The following year, the company was acquired by Southwestern Securities Corporation, a holding company. • At the end of 1929 there were only 26 employees left. • On February 29, 1932, Southwestern Securities acquired Mascot Company through a public auction for $ 100,000. • McCauley moved to Tucson, was involved in a bank scandal, fled to California, then disappeared without a trace –A story of Willcox, Arizona and the surrounding areaVernon Burdette Schultz
• with the failure of Central Copper[[[[photo]And the departure of the miners began Dos Cabeza's final descent, though not without distractions. • Despite frequent mine closures and the onset of the Great Depression, the city set up a team in the Sulfur Springs Valley Baseball League, which also includes a squad representing a C.c.c. Stock • Willcox had 2 teams in the league, the Mexicans and the Americans
• Among the dwindling population of Dos Cabezas was Jack Howard, the man who "sharpened the first tools that opened the first gold discoveries of the Dos Cabezas district" and spent his last 30 years. with Mary Katherine Cummings, the story "Big Nose Kate"[[[[photo], in movies as Katie Elder –Tombstone Daily Prospector
• John Jessie "Jack" Howard (1858-1930) was born in Nottingham, England. • As one of the first miners in the mining area of Dos Cabezas, he is remembered by Howard Peak and Howard Canyon. • lived in the hills near Dos Cabezas. • He remembered as a crazy guy hiding behind his hut in a manhole to shoot at intruders as they rode into range. • On the other hand, some of his colleagues, Dos Cabezans, thought he was friendly, • divorced his wife Mary, who was divorced according to court records. a hideous and unpleasant mood, coupled with frequent outbursts of fierce temper, until she made his life a burden he could no longer endure. "
Witnesses testified of Mary's insults against insults, which included calling Howard a white man, kept a dirty house, never washed dishes or clothes, and even threatened to burn down his house and poison his camp. " –He lived with Big Nose Kate, True West
• Mary Katherine "Big Nose Kate" Horony (1850-1940) was born in Pest (Hungary). Second oldest daughter of the Hungarian doctor Miklós Horony. • emigrated with her family to the US in 1860. • taken to a nursing home after her parents' death. • stowed on a steamer in St. Louis, where she became a prostitute • 1874 fined for work as an "athlete" (prostitute) in a "sports house" (brothel) in Dodge City, KS, run by Nellie "Bessie" Ketchum, wife of James Earp
• moved to Fort Griffin, TX in 1876. • met dentist John "Doc" Hollidaywho allegedly said that he considered Kate to be his intellectual equal. • Kate introduced Holliday to Wyatt Earp
• The couple fought regularly, sometimes violently. • According to Kate, she married in Valdosta, Georgia. • moved on to AZ territory, where Kate worked as a prostitute at the Palace Saloon in Prescott. They split up, but returned to Holliday in Tombstone[[[[photos]Claimed to have experienced October 26, 1881 Gunfight in the OK Corral out of her window C.S. Fly pension
• 19 years later Kate, almost 50 years old[[[[photo]& Divorcing an abusive husband was too old for prostitution long after her romance with Doc & • In June 1900, when she was employed at the Rath Hotel in Cochise, AT, she responded to a housekeeper for $ 20 / month , plus room and board • The ad was placed by Jack Howard. • Kate lived with him as an employee ("servant" according to the 1900 census) until 1930
• On 3 January, Kate went 3 miles. to the house of Dos Cabeza's postmaster Edwin White.
"Jack died last night and I stayed with him all night."
• Howard was buried in an unmarked grave in the cemetery of Dos Cabezas after living alone for 2 years. Kate sold the homestead for $ 535.30. • In 1931 she wrote the Governor of Arizona, George W.P. Hunt to take in the Arizona pioneers home in Prescott • Although foreigners were born and thus not admitted, she claimed that Davenport, Iowa, was their birthplace and was accepted. • She died 5 days before her 90th birthday. • was buried under the name "Mary K. Cummings" in the cemetery of the homeland. "Big Nose Kate, independent woman of the Wild West – Kyla Cathey
• The mascot mine was closed in 1930
• The Mascot & WesternRailroad ceased operations in 1931 – four years later the tracks were taken
• Dos Cabezas of the 1940s photos
• In 1949, the US Postal Department corrected the spelling of the city postal service from Dos Cabezos to Dos Cabezas
• mid-20th century Dos Cabeza's family[[[[photos]• The postal service of Dos Cabezas was discontinued in 1960
• In 1964, the city's population had dropped to 12
• McCauley's Mascot Hospitality House was part of the Dos Cabezas Spirit & Nature Retreat Bed & Breakfast[[[[photo]• Today, Dos Cabezas is considered a ghost town graveyard the main attraction of the city
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Ghost Town, v03, Dos Cabezas, AZ (1879), USA
Doz CabezasAZ (about 1879, population <25), height 1,549 m (1582 m)
"The Dos Cabezasite is the only person on the globe who can sit and smile calmly and smiles again under conditions and adversities that would drive a vicious devotee of the Lamb crazy.When Gabriel blows his horn, he will find some of those ingenious ancients Fellows who sit on a rock and tell about the promising future of the camp or how rich the juniper mine is. "-Grave stone EpitaphApril 28, 1887
• Dos Cabezas, AZ is a "living" Sonoran Desert Ghost town with few remaining inhabitants • in the Sulfur Springs Valley [[[[photo]from Cochise County • lies next to the Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") mountains, named after the two bare peaks
• A historically significant source of drinking water, formerly known as Dos Cabezas Spring, is about half an hour away. southwest of the city on the old Southern Emigration Patha main artery of the Move west • The path descends from below into the valley Apache Spring by Apache Pass
On September 4, 1851, John Russell Bartlett & his Boundary Survey The Commission was located to the west in an area that had been Spanish / Mexican territory for more than 300 years worn in the US in 1848, end of controversial The Mexican-American War, but much of the southernmost region of Arizona and New Mexico remained under the Mexican flag. • Bartlet's mission was to work with a Mexican Surveying Team to formally define the post-war US-Mexico border
• The survey was a prelude to the years 1853-54 Gadsden purchase which acquired 29,670 square kilometers for $ 10 million. of the Mexican territory south of the Gila River, Including Cochise County • The deal was signed by the president Franklin Pierce, a northern anti-abolitionist ("TeiggesichtDemocrat • It should facilitate the development of a road, canal and / or railway in New Orleans-LA and open southward expansion to the south, apparently ignoring the fact that an economy based on slave cotton probably not thriving in the desert – "Cochise and his times"
• With drinking water, a precious commodity for two- and four-legged desert travelers, Apache Spring – like many water holes – became the scene of a stagecoach stop. C. 1857 • was operated by the San Antonio-San Diego "San-San" line, commonly known "Jackass Mail" • Chiricahua Apache Attacks made the Apache Pass the most dangerous stop on Birkenstrasse[[[[map], named after company owner James Birch (1827-1857) –The West is connected
• the 1,476 mi. Only daylight driving – with daily stops for 2 meals (45 min. Each) and team change (5-10 min.) – usually it took less than 30 days and could be up to 22. • One way is $ 150. Meals and £ 30 luggage included –Deconstruct the Jackass Mail Route
• The Jackass Line had a fleet of High speed trolley (mud)Vehicles suitable for transport in case of strong heat in rough terrain. Concord stagecoaches [[[[photo]made by the Abbot Downing Co. in Concord, NH
"It was no joke to sit in the hard seat, now against the roof and now against the side of the car." Under the passenger compartment, wide leather straps called "full-length braces" sat in the carriage, causing them to move Motion sickness was a common complaint, and ginger root was the preferred remedy. "-Historynet
• Each stage accommodates 9-12 passengers on three benches and up to 10 others on the roof • The coaches were drawn by four- and six-mule teams. • The company kept 200 upper mules in its western coasts
The bus was equipped with three seats, which were occupied by nine passengers. As the occupants of the front and middle seats faced each other, these six persons had to lock their knees; and only for ten of the twelve legs there was room, each side of the coach was adorned by a foot that dangled now on the bike and now tried in vain to find a base … "-The story of stagecoaches in Tucson, ArizonaBob Ring
• Tips For stagecoach travelers, Cowboy Chronicles
• The passenger experience, Desert USA
"The company recommended to every passenger: … with one Sharp's rifle(Not carbine,) with equipment and a hundred cartridges, a dark blue Colts revolver and two pounds of bullets, belts and holsters, knives and scabbards … "-San Diego Herald November 21, 1857
• The stations of the line were built 10 to 40 miles. apart from • a few basic bedding options provided; Everyone had water for passengers, drivers ("Whips") and their teams • equipped with corrals, the depots served as relay stations where drivers and draft animals were exchanged. • "Rocking Stations" did not offer meals, but larger "home stations," often run by families, were "eating stops":
"… hard beef or pork fried in a dirt-blackened pan, coarse bread, mesquite beans, a mysterious concoction known as slumgullion, deadly black coffee, and a" nasty mixture of dried apples "that spread masked under the name apple pie. "-True West
• In September 1857, Jackass founder James Birch, who sailed to Panama via California, was lost at sea along with 419 other passengers and 30-pound pounds. made of gold in the S. S. Central America Disaster • in the same month the Butterfield Overland Mail line[[[[photos]From St. Louis to San Francisco, it gradually began to displace the Jackass Line and absorb many of its stations
• around 1858 a new fortified stone camp, Ewell's Stage Station [[[[photo]rose 4 mi. south of Dos Cabezas Spring • It's unclear which stage lift the building has built, but when Jackass Mail was completed, Butterfield-Overland later left the decision to bypass "Ewell's." In 1861 it was in ruins, which were destroyed by Apaches
• The name Ewell continued to live in a tiny, heavily populated settlement Ewell Springs & at Dos Cabezas Spring, renamed Ewell's Spring when the original station was built. • In 1879, the National Mail & Transportation Co. had set up a new Ewell's station
Born in Virginia Richard Stoddert "Baldy" Ewell (1817-1872) was captain of the first US dragoons, which were stationed in the 1850s in the southwest. He resigned from the US Army in 1861 to join the Confederation. • served in the Civil War as Commander-in-Chief under Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee • It has been argued that his decisions In the Battle of Gettysburg may have decided the outcome of this engagement
• During Ewell's service in the West, Gila Apache raided the Southern Emigrant Route and demanded a military response. • He campaigned for an unrestricted fight: "How can the devil stop a soldier in the midst of battle and summon a jury of mattresses to decide if he has a redshin to throw bullets into the soldiers is a woman or not . "• the 1857 Bonneville Expedition, in which Ewell commanded about 300 men, who committed themselves on the river Gila against Apache
"… the fight on June 27 … was short and sweet … Ewell went away with the lion's share of the honors … Hardly an Apache escaped, nearly 40 warriors were killed or wounded and 45 women and children were captured … Ewell was unreservedly recognized as the hero of the day, his rampant leap to action destroyed the Western Apaches and forced them to seek peace. "-Robert E. Lee's hesitant commanderPaul D. Casdorph
• From Lt. John Van Deusen Du Bois & # 39; report on the engagement: "An Indian was wounded, and his wife carried him to the Chaparral in the arms and covered him with a brush when the troops came upon them and killed both of them Indian was arrested and taken out by Col. Bonneville's request or express command with bound hands and shot like a dog by a Pueblo Indian – not 30 yards from the camp … May God never allow the Native American fight make me a thug or I'm hard, so that I can behave the coward in this way … "-Journal of the History of Arizona, Vo. 43, No. 2, Arizona Historical Society
• c. Around 1850, gold veins and some gold nuggets were discovered around the Ewell's station in the 1860s wildcatters Gold found on both sides of the Dos Cabezas series • In 1862, claims were made near the mountains and around the Apache Pass.Index of Mining Properties
• In 1866, Congress passed a mining law that in 1872 proclaimed "Minerals of Public Interest … free and open to exploration and occupation." additional stimulus was provided to "promote the exploration and development of minerals in the western United States",Congress Research Service
• John Casey (1834-1904), an immigrant from Ireland, had made the first important statement in the area of Dos Cabezas in 1878. • Juniper (locally known as "Casey Gold") was only 3 km northeast of Ewell Spring • John and his brother Dan moved to a hut on site. • At the end of the year, a dozen employees worked in the mine
• The news that Casey Pay Dirt & Word had hit that soon a station in the South Pacific would be built in Willcox – only 14 miles. Dozens of prospectors lured, z. B. Simon Hansen (1852-1929), a recent immigrant from Denmark who claimed 27 claims. • With the arrival of the new settlers, a small school was built on October 20, 1878, the Dos Cabezas The mining district was officially determined
• 1879 the Arizona Miner reported rich silver and gold deposits, claiming to have 2,000 residents at Ewell Springs. • Other reports indicate that the local population is unlikely to exceed 300 before 1920The persistence of mining settlements in the Arizona countrysideJonathan Lay Harris, 1971
• In the midst of the rapid growth of 1879, the settlement of Ewell Springs was replaced by Dos Cabezas, a town with its own post office, just above Ewell. • John Casey is widely regarded as the founder • Mississippi-born James Monroe Riggs (1835-1912), once a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate Army, became Post Cabezas' first postmaster and opened a shop he was Traveler's Rest named
• In 1880 there were ~ 30 mud houses and 15 families in the up-and-coming city. • In 1882, the year of the city newspaper, 65 voters were registered Dos Cabezas Gold NoteIn 1884, 42 students wrote the school of the city
• At its height, Dos Cabezas had ~ 50 buildings, 3 shops, 3 salons, 2 dairies, joineries, telegraphy, a commercial shop, a barber shop, a butchery, a brewery, a brickyard, a hotel, a ballroom, a boarding house, a blacksmith shop , 3 stables, 3 stamp mills For gold ore and about 300 inhabitants, however, the population consisted of at least 1,500 prospectors, miners and other mining companies. Employees who live in the nearby mountains and valleys –Books in Northport
• Dos Cabezas ("Two Heads") was often spelled and pronounced "Dos Cabezos", with an "o" replacing the second "a" in "Cabezas". • The postmaster chose both spellings, as seen in the city postmark • the English translation by Dos CabezOs is "Two Peaks", undoubtedly a more accurate – albeit less poetic – description of the twin peaks than the original, since the flawed version was only registered at the US Post Office in Washington DC interchangeable spellings persist into the 20th century
• The railroad arrived in Arizona in 1880, a station was established in Willcox, and shabby Scottish-born miner John Dare Emersley (1826-1899) arrived at Dos Cabezas to search for mineral deposits. • JD was a graduate of the U. of Edinburgh, a scientifically accomplished writer and botanical collector with drought-tolerant grass, who named after him Muhlenbergia emersleyi (bull grass) • was a correspondent for the Engineering & Mining Journal • several other journals, including Scientific American him
According to a miner who knew him, Emersley was apparently a greedy-and unusually tall-knight: "Every Old Settler in the Globe District remembers Emersley, a three-meter-long scotchman who had more claims than he could work, and jumped more than he could hold. "-Arizona silver belt (Globe, AT), January 6, 1883
• The Scotchman soon found a gold deposit and made about 20 claims. • He built a cabin nearby at an altitude of 6,000 meters and led a secluded life. He made a contract with God and vowed not to develop allegations from him, unless he received a sign from above. Nevertheless, the legally prescribed work to retain ownership of its claims produced several tunnels, one that Roberts, 160. The sign of God was never realized, and while Emersley was waiting for it, he died of scurvy
• shortly thereafter Starved to death among his richThe story of JD Emersley, a religious hermit who lived and died on a "copper mountain", appeared in newspapers across the country. • Emersley made his demand on the Lord to be used for the good of all humanity, though he did not wish for this last wish, the "Mountain of Copper" brought another wave of prospectors into the mining district and sparked a local copper boom out
• In 1899, a new town, Laub City, was dismissed at the mouth of Mascot Canyon, 3 km. on Dos Cabezas • John A. Rockfellow (1858-1947)[[[[photo], Author of The Log of an Arizona Trail Blazer, conducted the survey. • Rockefeller's sister was Tucson architect Anne Graham Rockfellow (1866-1954), an MIT graduate and designer of the landmark El Conquistador[[[[photo]• The site was near the Emersley claims acquired from the mines of Dos Cabezas Consolidated. Coastal coastline electrification required countless miles of copper power lines"Copper camp" like Laub City grew and prospered. The city grew and gained its own post office around 1900
• Laub City was named after (and possibly after) Henry leaves (1858-1926), a Kentucky-born investor from Los Angeles for German-Jewish immigrants. • He made his first fortune as a liquor dealer. • He later invested in mining, oil and real estate in Southeast Arizona
"There is every reason to believe that Dos Cabezas will be one of Arizona's largest mining areas" – Henry Laub, 1902
• A global increase in mining led to a decline in copper prices as supply outstripped demand. • Several mining experts collaborated to restrict production so as not to stabilize the market. Consolidated Mines financing had dried up in 1903. Laub City was a ghost town Cabezas also suffered from the mine closures, but was able to hold on to the operation of some mines
• In 1905, a Wales-born mining engineer, Capt. Benjamin W. Tibbey (1848-1935), with a "Mr. Page" in the city. • Ben Tibbey's mining career began as a child in a Welch mine. • Page was actually T.N. McCauley, a Chicagoer with a turbulent investment & finance career. • The two examined the mining district. McCauley had apparently stayed. Later, he claimed that he spent two years in Emersly's abandoned cabin. • He applied quietly and acquired claims on 600 hectares
• In June 1907, McCauley organized the Mascot Copper Company with a capitalization of $ 10 million and began large-scale development. • Euphoric reports of massive ore occurrences have appeared in the local press, e.g. B. "Many Thousands of Tons of Ore in Sight – Commandments for Real Estate" Fair to Become Arizona's Largest Copper Producer "
• In 1909, Mascot acquired control of Dos Cabeza's Consolidated Mines Co., the original Emersley claims that the Laub Group had bought. • McCauley launched a campaign to sell Mascot stock for $ 3 / share, later $ 4, and eventually $ 5. • His extravagant promotions included Investor & Press Junkets in the mine in private railroad cars, Food & Drink at the property's Hospitality House, and a substantial shareholder banquet at the Fairmont Hotel in San Francisco with the company logo, a swastika prominently displayed[[[[photo]"The management of the Mascot has a remarkable array of sensational crop coverages and few if other copper mining companies can achieve their enviable performance in terms of actual tonnage when in the same development phase." -Bisbee Daily Review, March 10, 1910
• although stock analysts familiar with McCauley's story con artist Their customers were warned that by August 1910, sales of $ 300,000 had been achieved. • The shareholders owned 25% of the company, the rest was retained by the promoters
• While actual mining and ore deliveries were limited, the company announced that in 1912 a store, a boarding house, employee quarters and a new office building had been completed when Mascot continued its costly expansion and occasionally shipped ore. Arizona Territory won statehood
• In 1914, the company founded Mascot Townsite & Realty Co. to sell land in a new town they developed at Mascot Canyon:
"UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR PERSONAL GAIN By buying a property on the MASCOT TOWNSITE This new city should have a population of 5,000 in a few years." – May 1915
• By 1915, the city of Mascot had been founded. • Houses that could be reached by winding paths climbed over terraces. • Residents built a community hall on a single day. • On Saturday, a band called "Merry Miners" was organized – nightly dances
"King Copper, the magician of magic, has once again raised his polished scepter – and once again a tiny minecamp, a mere patch of the Arizona landscape, got the industrial incentive that was soon to turn it into a factor to reckon with The tiny mining town of the past was Dos Cabezas The next town is Mascot – El Paso Herald, June 25, 1915
• within 10 years The city would have ~ 100 buildings and 800 inhabitants. • The children were taught at the Mascot School and a second school with 4 teachers. • Many of the city's boys "grew up with gold to earn money" – Arizona Republic, March 4, 1971
• Although most Mexican residents of the area lived in Dos Cabezas, some, such as Esperanza Montoya Padilla (1915-2003), lived in Mascot:
"I was born on August 28, 1915, in Mascot, Arizona … In the early days, when I was a small child, Mascot was very large and thriving, it was also a beautiful place, with lots of cottonwood and oak trees The school was on this street, along with a grocery store and even a pool hall, and there was a pastry shop in the pool hall where they sold treats like ice cream On the hill there was a community center where movies were screened, I remember silent movies with Rudolph Valentino, even the guys from Dos Cabezas came to Mascot because of the movies.
At Christmas, they set up a tree in the community center, and all the kids in the city got their Christmas gifts. There was a road that led from Dos Cabezas to Mascot and all sorts of houses along this road to the mine. Our house was on this street. I remember a time when all were Caballos – horses pulling wagons. Of course the cars came later. –Songs My mother sang to me
• On January 27, 1915, a celebration in Willcox marked the beginning of the construction of the Mascot & Western Railroad • A large crowd watched as a cheering T. N. McCauley turned the first shovel out of dirt. • The last spike – a copper – was taken at The Mascot Townsite on June 15, 1915, followed by a "monstrous grill" for 4000 guests[[[[photos]• Activities included a visit to a mine and the company's "2-mile" railroad (10.6000 & # 39;)[[[[photo]"I feel that this project can only be a good and lasting good, not just because the mascot is established, but because many people who have only known Arizona in the desert so far may be part of it take home with them the idea of permanence that we enjoy in this great community. "- HA Morgan, Bisbee Daily Review, June 27, 1915
• In 1916, a drought devastated the mining area – wells dried up, cattle died and many mines closed. • On July 1, 1917, American Smelting & Refining closed its 20th anniversary. Lease the Mascot property just to give up less than a year. later probably because the operation lost money
• Following the bankruptcy of Mascot Copper, McCauley reorganized the company through merger. • The "new" Central Copper Co. commenced operations on February 15, 1919. • McCauley developed a multi-level marketing concept in which shareholders became stock traders. • The price was set at $ 0.50 per share. Purchases are limited to $ 100 / person and $ 10 / month. Financing Available • The vendors used portable, hand-cranked projectors to film the property at small gatherings of prospects
• According to reports, 70,000 shareholders were invested and were astounded when the price fell 50% when the stock came on the market. • lawsuits have been filed. • In an advertisement published in several newspapers, McCauley denied any action against the company
By January 1924, McCauley reported that $ 4.5 million was spent on the new building. By 1926, 400 employees were on the payroll, but the production of the mines proved marginal. In 1927, shareholders were informed that copper and silver prices would decrease as a result of falling copper and silver prices. Minimum amount to cover operating costs
• The following year, the company was acquired by Southwestern Securities Corporation, a holding company. • At the end of 1929 there were only 26 employees left. • On February 29, 1932, Southwestern Securities acquired Mascot Company through a public auction for $ 100,000. • McCauley moved to Tucson, was involved in a bank scandal, fled to California, then disappeared without a trace –A story of Willcox, Arizona and the surrounding areaVernon Burdette Schultz
• with the failure of Central Copper[[[[photo]And the departure of the miners began Dos Cabeza's final descent, though not without distractions. • Despite frequent mine closures and the onset of the Great Depression, the city set up a team in the Sulfur Springs Valley Baseball League, which also includes a squad representing a C.c.c. Stock • Willcox had 2 teams in the league, the Mexicans and the Americans
• Among the dwindling population of Dos Cabezas was Jack Howard, the man who "sharpened the first tools that opened the first gold discoveries of the Dos Cabezas district" and spent his last 30 years. with Mary Katherine Cummings, the story "Big Nose Kate"[[[[photo], in movies as Katie Elder –Tombstone Daily Prospector
• John Jessie "Jack" Howard (1858-1930) was born in Nottingham, England. • As one of the first miners in the mining area of Dos Cabezas, he is remembered by Howard Peak and Howard Canyon. • lived in the hills near Dos Cabezas. • He remembered as a crazy guy hiding behind his hut in a manhole to shoot at intruders as they rode into range. • On the other hand, some of his colleagues, Dos Cabezans, thought he was friendly, • divorced his wife Mary, who was divorced according to court records. a hideous and unpleasant mood, coupled with frequent outbursts of fierce temper, until she made his life a burden he could no longer endure. "
Witnesses testified of Mary's insults against insults, which included calling Howard a white man, kept a dirty house, never washed dishes or clothes, and even threatened to burn down his house and poison his camp. " –He lived with Big Nose Kate, True West
• Mary Katherine "Big Nose Kate" Horony (1850-1940) was born in Pest (Hungary). Second oldest daughter of the Hungarian doctor Miklós Horony. • emigrated with her family to the US in 1860. • taken to a nursing home after her parents' death. • stowed on a steamer in St. Louis, where she became a prostitute • 1874 fined for work as an "athlete" (prostitute) in a "sports house" (brothel) in Dodge City, KS, run by Nellie "Bessie" Ketchum, wife of James Earp
• moved to Fort Griffin, TX in 1876. • met dentist John "Doc" Hollidaywho allegedly said that he considered Kate to be his intellectual equal. • Kate introduced Holliday to Wyatt Earp
• The couple fought regularly, sometimes violently. • According to Kate, she married in Valdosta, Georgia. • moved on to AZ territory, where Kate worked as a prostitute at the Palace Saloon in Prescott. They split up, but returned to Holliday in Tombstone[[[[photos]Claimed to have experienced October 26, 1881 Gunfight in the OK Corral out of her window C.S. Fly pension
• 19 years later Kate, almost 50 years old[[[[photo]& Divorcing an abusive husband was too old for prostitution long after her romance with Doc & • In June 1900, when she was employed at the Rath Hotel in Cochise, AT, she responded to a housekeeper for $ 20 / month , plus room and board • The ad was placed by Jack Howard. • Kate lived with him as an employee ("servant" according to the 1900 census) until 1930
• On 3 January, Kate went 3 miles. to the house of Dos Cabeza's postmaster Edwin White.
"Jack died last night and I stayed with him all night."
• Howard was buried in an unmarked grave in the cemetery of Dos Cabezas after living alone for 2 years. Kate sold the homestead for $ 535.30. • In 1931 she wrote the Governor of Arizona, George W.P. Hunt to take in the Arizona pioneers home in Prescott • Although foreigners were born and thus not admitted, she claimed that Davenport, Iowa, was their birthplace and was accepted. • She died 5 days before her 90th birthday. • was buried under the name "Mary K. Cummings" in the cemetery of the homeland. "Big Nose Kate, independent woman of the Wild West – Kyla Cathey
• The mascot mine was closed in 1930
• The Mascot & WesternRailroad ceased operations in 1931 – four years later the tracks were taken
• Dos Cabezas of the 1940s photos
• In 1949, the US Postal Department corrected the spelling of the city postal service from Dos Cabezos to Dos Cabezas
• mid-20th century Dos Cabeza's family[[[[photos]• The postal service of Dos Cabezas was discontinued in 1960
• In 1964, the city's population had dropped to 12
• McCauley's Mascot Hospitality House was part of the Dos Cabezas Spirit & Nature Retreat Bed & Breakfast[[[[photo]• Today, Dos Cabezas is considered a ghost town graveyard the main attraction of the city
from WordPress http://bujolove.enfenomen.com/2019/03/01/ghost-town-v03-dos-cabezas-az-1879-usa/
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