#photo credit: rhododendrites

[xltl]

that's poise. that's grace.

[daintyspeedwalk-draws]

Photo reference credits:

Buster7 on Wikipedia.

Rhododendrites on Wikipedia.

(These two images sourced from the Wikipedia article on the American kestrel: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_kestrel)

American kestrel—Falco sparverius

(done in Procreate!)

[worldexnews]

Victims of Preference

Photo Credit: Rhododendrites / Wikimedia

George Floyd “rally” in Brooklyn’s Grand Army Plaza near the Brooklyn Museum

{Reposted from the FirstOne Through blog}

People’s behavior is not uniform when engaging with different parts of society. Active and reactive actions and statements contort in unusual ways when it comes to Jews.

Consider politicians. When a White officer of the law harmed…

[kim26chiu]

The Tech Campus Moves Downtown

Cornell Tech. Photo Credit: Rhododendrites, CC BY-SA 4.0

My latest City Journal article from the Winter issue is now online. It’s called “The Tech Campus Moves Downtown” and is about states and universities making geographic moves to better position themselves for the 21st century. It talks a lot about the University of Illinois and its Discovery Partners Institute plan, as well as Cornell Tech.  Some excerpts:

Much of today’s technology economy is located where a critical mass of talent and capital converge: on the campuses of elite research universities, in settings with strong entrepreneurial cultures. The key role that universities play in this equation is prompting some states to rethink the geography of their key academic institutions, looking to position them more effectively as engines of the local economy.

A case study for the challenges that states face in strengthening their knowledge-economy prowess can be found in Illinois. The University of Illinois’ renowned computer science and engineering programs have produced a Who’s Who of tech startup founders, including Steve Chen and Jawed Karim (YouTube), Jeremy Stoppelman (Yelp), Tom Siebel (Siebel Systems), Jerry Sanders (AMD), and Max Levchin (PayPal). It’s a track record to be proud of. From the state’s perspective, though, there’s one big problem: none of these accomplished people built his business in Illinois. … Why do Illinois’ tech brains often escape to the West Coast? A commonly given answer: geography. The University of Illinois’ flagship campus is located in downstate Urbana-Champaign, a small region of only 240,000 people about two hours’ drive on I-57 from the state’s economic capital in Chicago. This disconnect between the location of a state’s flagship school and its economic capital is not unique to Illinois: other states should be rethinking their geographic strategy for the twenty-first century as well.

The location of most American universities is an accident of history…Most of their sites were chosen more than 100 years ago, for reasons no longer relevant…As states’ populations swelled and their economies expanded, cities with colleges began to diverge. Some states had established their flagship public institutions in the state capital or in another city that grew to be the state’s economic center. These included Ohio State in Columbus, the University of Washington in Seattle, and the University of Texas in Austin. But others—like Purdue, Penn State, and Missouri—were located in cities that grew with the college but remained small urban areas, “college towns” to this day. … Cornell, a private Ivy League university that is also New York’s land-grant college, has made just such a geographic realignment. As a private school, it’s free from the political complications besetting state universities, and thus is able to make moves more rapidly than these public institutions. Cornell’s main campus is located in the upstate college town of Ithaca. Its medical school has long been based in New York City, and it recently opened a second major New York City operation: Cornell Tech on Roosevelt Island, a partnership with Technion–Israel Institute of Technology. … New York City’s motivation to get a technology-focused university is clear. Less attention has been paid to Cornell’s motivation. According to Dan Huttenlocher, dean and vice provost of Cornell Tech, one motivator was that the city was a complementary venue to Ithaca for realizing the university’s research ambitions. “We are focused on the digital transformation of the economy and society,” he says. “So many issues of the world are urban issues.” The critical mass of industry and the density of people make New York City a good place for those looking to be on the leading edge of digital transformation. It didn’t hurt that Cornell could tap into huge pools of donor money to win the competition and launch the campus. The school has raised $770 million in private funding so far. … Cornell may be the best-known case of a top college making a big geographic move, but it’s happening elsewhere, too, as the case of Michigan State’s medical school demonstrates. University medical schools have long been located in a state’s big city, geographically separate from the university’s main campus. These schools require a critical mass of patients to operate at a scale more easily attained in a large metro.

That’s part of the rationale for Michigan State College of Human Medicine (MSU-CHM) relocating its medical school headquarters to Grand Rapids and building a major medical school campus there. … Illinois is arguably the state with the most to gain from some type of geographic realignment. It’s been a topic of conversation and debate for years. Former governor Bruce Rauner put forth the most aggressive solution to date, one that draws heavily on the Cornell Tech approach. The Discovery Partners Institute (DPI), to be located in Chicago’s South Loop, is envisioned not as a degree-granting institution but rather, in partnership with other universities and corporations, as a center for cutting-edge research in areas like big data and food and agriculture. DPI anticipates rotating faculty and students from the University of Illinois and other schools, as well as hiring its own faculty. The state has already appropriated $500 million for the project and is exploring partnerships with Israeli universities. … Leaders in Urbana-Champaign are alarmed at the prospect that university assets might move to the Loop. Laura Frerichs, director of the University of Illinois’ Research Park and economic-development director for its Urbana-Champaign campus, emerged as a major DPI opponent. She believes that there’s no inherent limitation in her community’s ability to retain talent and build a technology economy. She points to local examples of technology success, such as Wolfram Research, the global software company behind the well-known Mathematica platform, which is headquartered locally and employs 350 people. The research park that Frerichs runs has attracted numerous major firms, including ABInBev (formerly Anheuser-Busch), Caterpillar, and AbbVie. … The biggest political risk to DPI is the state’s transition to a new gubernatorial administration. Rauner lost his reelection bid to Democrat J. B. Pritzker, who criticized the DPI plan. Yet Pritzker has championed Chicago’s technology sector. He has invested in Chicago technology firms and was the driving force behind the creation of a facility known as 1871 (named after the year of the Great Chicago Fire) as a sort of headquarters institution of Chicago tech. He clearly understands the logic of DPI. As governor, he’ll likely want to put his own stamp on it and perhaps rebrand it, not cancel it. Then again, relying on rational behavior in Illinois politics has never been a winning bet.

Click over to read the whole thing.

It’s not just STEM focused moves either. The University of Virginia’s Darden School of Business has been making a push into Arlington.

A related point occurred to me last week when I gave a talk to some MBA students at Chicago-Booth. I was told that most MBA students there actually live downtown now and take the train to Hyde Park every day. In fact, every person who attended my talk lived downtown (I did a survey). It makes me wonder if the school made a mistake when it built its new business school building, the Harper Center, in Hyde Park instead of downtown.  MBA students already don’t engage much with the rest of the school, so this would have been a feasible move.

from Aaron M. Renn https://www.aaronrenn.com/2019/03/22/the-tech-campus-moves-downtown/

[barb31clem]

The Tech Campus Moves Downtown

Cornell Tech. Photo Credit: Rhododendrites, CC BY-SA 4.0

My latest City Journal article from the Winter issue is now online. It’s called “The Tech Campus Moves Downtown” and is about states and universities making geographic moves to better position themselves for the 21st century. It talks a lot about the University of Illinois and its Discovery Partners Institute plan, as well as Cornell Tech.  Some excerpts:

Much of today’s technology economy is located where a critical mass of talent and capital converge: on the campuses of elite research universities, in settings with strong entrepreneurial cultures. The key role that universities play in this equation is prompting some states to rethink the geography of their key academic institutions, looking to position them more effectively as engines of the local economy.

A case study for the challenges that states face in strengthening their knowledge-economy prowess can be found in Illinois. The University of Illinois’ renowned computer science and engineering programs have produced a Who’s Who of tech startup founders, including Steve Chen and Jawed Karim (YouTube), Jeremy Stoppelman (Yelp), Tom Siebel (Siebel Systems), Jerry Sanders (AMD), and Max Levchin (PayPal). It’s a track record to be proud of. From the state’s perspective, though, there’s one big problem: none of these accomplished people built his business in Illinois. … Why do Illinois’ tech brains often escape to the West Coast? A commonly given answer: geography. The University of Illinois’ flagship campus is located in downstate Urbana-Champaign, a small region of only 240,000 people about two hours’ drive on I-57 from the state’s economic capital in Chicago. This disconnect between the location of a state’s flagship school and its economic capital is not unique to Illinois: other states should be rethinking their geographic strategy for the twenty-first century as well.

The location of most American universities is an accident of history…Most of their sites were chosen more than 100 years ago, for reasons no longer relevant…As states’ populations swelled and their economies expanded, cities with colleges began to diverge. Some states had established their flagship public institutions in the state capital or in another city that grew to be the state’s economic center. These included Ohio State in Columbus, the University of Washington in Seattle, and the University of Texas in Austin. But others—like Purdue, Penn State, and Missouri—were located in cities that grew with the college but remained small urban areas, “college towns” to this day. … Cornell, a private Ivy League university that is also New York’s land-grant college, has made just such a geographic realignment. As a private school, it’s free from the political complications besetting state universities, and thus is able to make moves more rapidly than these public institutions. Cornell’s main campus is located in the upstate college town of Ithaca. Its medical school has long been based in New York City, and it recently opened a second major New York City operation: Cornell Tech on Roosevelt Island, a partnership with Technion–Israel Institute of Technology. … New York City’s motivation to get a technology-focused university is clear. Less attention has been paid to Cornell’s motivation. According to Dan Huttenlocher, dean and vice provost of Cornell Tech, one motivator was that the city was a complementary venue to Ithaca for realizing the university’s research ambitions. “We are focused on the digital transformation of the economy and society,” he says. “So many issues of the world are urban issues.” The critical mass of industry and the density of people make New York City a good place for those looking to be on the leading edge of digital transformation. It didn’t hurt that Cornell could tap into huge pools of donor money to win the competition and launch the campus. The school has raised $770 million in private funding so far. … Cornell may be the best-known case of a top college making a big geographic move, but it’s happening elsewhere, too, as the case of Michigan State’s medical school demonstrates. University medical schools have long been located in a state’s big city, geographically separate from the university’s main campus. These schools require a critical mass of patients to operate at a scale more easily attained in a large metro.

That’s part of the rationale for Michigan State College of Human Medicine (MSU-CHM) relocating its medical school headquarters to Grand Rapids and building a major medical school campus there. … Illinois is arguably the state with the most to gain from some type of geographic realignment. It’s been a topic of conversation and debate for years. Former governor Bruce Rauner put forth the most aggressive solution to date, one that draws heavily on the Cornell Tech approach. The Discovery Partners Institute (DPI), to be located in Chicago’s South Loop, is envisioned not as a degree-granting institution but rather, in partnership with other universities and corporations, as a center for cutting-edge research in areas like big data and food and agriculture. DPI anticipates rotating faculty and students from the University of Illinois and other schools, as well as hiring its own faculty. The state has already appropriated $500 million for the project and is exploring partnerships with Israeli universities. … Leaders in Urbana-Champaign are alarmed at the prospect that university assets might move to the Loop. Laura Frerichs, director of the University of Illinois’ Research Park and economic-development director for its Urbana-Champaign campus, emerged as a major DPI opponent. She believes that there’s no inherent limitation in her community’s ability to retain talent and build a technology economy. She points to local examples of technology success, such as Wolfram Research, the global software company behind the well-known Mathematica platform, which is headquartered locally and employs 350 people. The research park that Frerichs runs has attracted numerous major firms, including ABInBev (formerly Anheuser-Busch), Caterpillar, and AbbVie. … The biggest political risk to DPI is the state’s transition to a new gubernatorial administration. Rauner lost his reelection bid to Democrat J. B. Pritzker, who criticized the DPI plan. Yet Pritzker has championed Chicago’s technology sector. He has invested in Chicago technology firms and was the driving force behind the creation of a facility known as 1871 (named after the year of the Great Chicago Fire) as a sort of headquarters institution of Chicago tech. He clearly understands the logic of DPI. As governor, he’ll likely want to put his own stamp on it and perhaps rebrand it, not cancel it. Then again, relying on rational behavior in Illinois politics has never been a winning bet.

Click over to read the whole thing.

It’s not just STEM focused moves either. The University of Virginia’s Darden School of Business has been making a push into Arlington.

A related point occurred to me last week when I gave a talk to some MBA students at Chicago-Booth. I was told that most MBA students there actually live downtown now and take the train to Hyde Park every day. In fact, every person who attended my talk lived downtown (I did a survey). It makes me wonder if the school made a mistake when it built its new business school building, the Harper Center, in Hyde Park instead of downtown.  MBA students already don’t engage much with the rest of the school, so this would have been a feasible move.

from Aaron M. Renn https://www.aaronrenn.com/2019/03/22/the-tech-campus-moves-downtown/

[pauldeckerus]

NYC’s New Vessel Landmark Has a Big Photo Copyright Grab

Hudson Yards, the largest private real estate development in the United States (by square footage) just opened to the public in New York City, and the centerpiece of the Yards is a permanent art installation and giant public structure called Vessel. It’s a 16-story landmark with 154 flights of stairs that visitors can climb, but beware: by buying a ticket to Vessel, you hand over rights to photos shot within.

We’ve received several tips from sharp-eyed readers who noticed the following section in Vessel’s Terms and Conditions, which you agree to by buying a ticket:

“If I create, upload, post or send any photographs, audio recordings, or video footage depicting or relating to the Vessel,” the document reads, “I grant to Company and its affiliates the irrevocable, unrestricted, worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free, sublicensable, and transferable right and license to use, display, reproduce, perform, modify, transmit, publish, and distribute such photographs, audio recordings, or video footage for any purpose whatsoever in any and all media (in either case, now known or developed later).”

In other words, shoot a photo inside the structure, and the operator of Vessel will be able to use your photos for free, forever, anywhere, and for any reason.

And while you’re not allowed to use your photos for any commercial purpose, Vessel’s operator will even be able to send your photos to third parties for marketing.

“I further authorize Company to store such images on a database and transfer such images to third parties in conjunction with security and marketing procedures undertaken by the Vessel,” the document says.

These terms are found inside the 2,700-word document that you by default agree to when buying a ticket to Vessel, which is aiming to be a major landmark and tourist attraction in Manhattan. So now you know what you’re agree to if you decide to enter “the new heart of New York.”

Image credits: Header photographs by Rhododendrites and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0

from Photography News https://petapixel.com/2019/03/18/nycs-new-vessel-landmark-has-a-big-photo-copyright-grab/

[sailorrrvenus]

NYC’s New Vessel Landmark Has a Big Photo Copyright Grab

Hudson Yards, the largest private real estate development in the United States (by square footage) just opened to the public in New York City, and the centerpiece of the Yards is a permanent art installation and giant public structure called Vessel. It’s a 16-story landmark with 154 flights of stairs that visitors can climb, but beware: by buying a ticket to Vessel, you hand over rights to photos shot within.

We’ve received several tips from sharp-eyed readers who noticed the following section in Vessel’s Terms and Conditions, which you agree to by buying a ticket:

“If I create, upload, post or send any photographs, audio recordings, or video footage depicting or relating to the Vessel,” the document reads, “I grant to Company and its affiliates the irrevocable, unrestricted, worldwide, perpetual, royalty-free, sublicensable, and transferable right and license to use, display, reproduce, perform, modify, transmit, publish, and distribute such photographs, audio recordings, or video footage for any purpose whatsoever in any and all media (in either case, now known or developed later).”

In other words, shoot a photo inside the structure, and the operator of Vessel will be able to use your photos for free, forever, anywhere, and for any reason.

And while you’re not allowed to use your photos for any commercial purpose, Vessel’s operator will even be able to send your photos to third parties for marketing.

“I further authorize Company to store such images on a database and transfer such images to third parties in conjunction with security and marketing procedures undertaken by the Vessel,” the document says.

These terms are found inside the 2,700-word document that you by default agree to when buying a ticket to Vessel, which is aiming to be a major landmark and tourist attraction in Manhattan. So now you know what you’re agree to if you decide to enter “the new heart of New York.”

Image credits: Header photographs by Rhododendrites and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0

source https://petapixel.com/2019/03/18/nycs-new-vessel-landmark-has-a-big-photo-copyright-grab/

[tristanjohnson]

SUBSCRIBE and join us! https://goo.gl/7vUgh0 I want you to imagine what being LGBTQ+ would be like in the 1920s or 30’s. How about the 1860s? If you’re like many today, you likely imagine the concept of the closet and assume society forced LGBTQ+ people to conform to the sexual mores of the day. They were repressed; forbidden from expressing themselves and living the lives they want. Now, what if I told you the closet is actually pretty new? What if I told you LGBTQ+ culture in the 20s thrived in a little bubble where in bars, speakeasies, and dance halls they met, loved, and expressed themselves in a way much more free than just decades later? Let’s take a look at this bubble and focus in on New York City. Step Back is made possible by the generous contributions of viewers like you, consider helping at http://ift.tt/2bR9Kw6 You can also help by getting your hands on Step Back merchandise over at http://ift.tt/2hbYIzZ Step Back is a history channel releasing videos biweekly that endeavors to go past the names, dates, and battles you might find elsewhere. It invites you to take a step back, consider the past and how it connects to today. We search for the quirky, unconventional, and just plain weird parts of our collective story. Step Back History is a Square Zero Production. To learn more about us, visit our website at http://ift.tt/2oXYXSF YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE: Did Columbus Really Discover America? https://youtu.be/PfcOf7-elRs New World Technology Before Columbus - Feat. Soliloquy https://youtu.be/jmE2NhnJ6UQ ISIS are not Good Muslims https://youtu.be/M8pxIM4sW3Q The Richest Person Ever https://youtu.be/hh0qM_kvtNg Help out the future of the channel by taking a 2 minute survey over at: http://ift.tt/29gUIdM Keep up to date with our e-mail updates: http://ift.tt/28YXAxw More stuff at: http://ift.tt/29gUyTR Connect with Step Back: Facebook: http://ift.tt/2mQlpvy Twitter: https://twitter.com/TristanPEJ Sub-Reddit: http://ift.tt/29gUtiF Photo Credits: Rhododendrites Charles Hutchins PerryPlanet Sources: -Bullock, Darryl W. "Pansy Craze: the wild 1930s drag parties that kickstarted gay nightlife." The Guardian. September 14, 2017. Accessed September 14, 2017. http://ift.tt/2y8HpIb. -Chauncey, George, Jessica Shatan, Archie Ferguson, and Vicki Gold Levi. Gay New York: gender, urban culture, and the making of the gay male world, 1890-1940. New York: BasicBooks, 1994. -Ferentinos, Susan. Interpreting LGBT history at museums and historic sites. Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press, 2015. -Garber, Eric. "Gladys Bentley." Queer Cultural Center. Accessed September 14, 2017. http://ift.tt/2kqhokU. -Stabbe April 11, Oliver. "Queens and queers: The rise of drag ball culture in the 1920s." National Museum of American History. April 11, 2016. Accessed September 14, 2017. http://ift.tt/29VU2O2. -"Subcultures and Sociology." Underground Ball Cultures. Accessed September 14, 2017. http://ift.tt/2kqtlqX. -Zarrelli, Natalie. "The Incredible Forgotten Queer Nightlife Scene of the 1920s." Atlas Obscura. June 12, 2016. Accessed September 14, 2017. http://ift.tt/1Nqsxp0.

[illionoisprelawland-blog]

Illinois Efforts Against DACA

By Ogiuzo Ifediora, Northwestern University Class of 2019

September 15, 2017

The Trump administration experienced one of its harshest backlashes when Jeff Sessions announced the White House’s intentions of ending DACA on September 5. The action, which garnered criticism from Democrats and Republicans alike, would rescind the Obama-era policy that gave temporary immunity and work permits for children who were brought illegally to the U.S. Although the president walked back on his decision and deferred it to Congress, new applications for DACA are closed until Congress makes a decision on the program in six months. The repeal of DACA would affect 800,000 Dreamers who signed up for the program country-wide, and 42,000 in Illinois alone. Understandably, this has fueled anxiety and frustration in many residents throughout the state. These sentiments came to a head when hundreds filled the Loop in protest of Trump’s decision. For those who will be affected, they feel that this goes beyond politics: their very livelihoods are on the line.

For Illinois and 15 other states, this action has spurred action on their parts, which will be made in court. The states have jointly filed a suit against Trump and his administration through the New York Federal Court. Many of the reasons for this action were lined out in the legal document’s introduction:

“Rescinding DACA will cause harm to hundreds of thousands of the States’ residents, injure State-run colleges and universities, upset the States’ workplaces, damage the States’ economies, hurt State-based companies, and disrupt the States’ statutory and regulatory interests.”

The document also referenced the inflammatory remarks that Trump has made towards Mexicans, who make up 78% of Dreamers, throughout his candidacy and presidency. Such statements could color the repeal as an unfair attempt “to punish and disparage people with Mexican roots.” Whether or not all 16 states intend to really pursue this case is yet to be seen, but the document itself serves as a stunning gesture of defiance against the President and his administration.

If the states do choose to pursue it, precedent shows that it wouldn’t be easy. Most legal scholars say that the chances of their case being successful are somewhat slim. Immigration is seen as a matter of national security and the courts have a precedent of giving deference to the executive branch with such measures. “They're going to have an uphill battle in court," said Cornell professor Steven Yale-Loehr. "I wish them well, but as far as I can tell, I think they've got a less than 50% chance of winning in court." One of the few arguments that the states have is that the administration may have disregarded protocol in announcing the order. According to the Administrative Procedure Act, there is an appropriate amount of time that needs to be given for the public to react to drastic executive measures. This would be a chance for the states to make the administration publicly acknowledge the true effect of the appeal. However, this action may turn out to be nothing more than a symbol of these states’ dissatisfaction with the Trump administration.

If not on the Federal level, Illinois has found other ways of trying to combat the controversial decision. When asked about his thoughts on the DACA repeal, Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel assured his constituents that they had no reason to fear. The former Chief of Staff declared Chicago a “Trump-free zone.” “To all the Dreamers that are here in this room and the city of Chicago,” he said last Tuesday, “you are welcome in the city of Chicago. This is your home and you have nothing to worry about.” The mayor also proposed a resolution that would protect Dreamers in Illinois. Although it would be a more symbolic gesture, this “Dreamers Bill of Rights” would be established to show solidarity with those who would suffer if DACA was totally rescinded.

Legal voices in Illinois have also lent a hand in alleviating the Dreamers’ fears. Julissa Ruiz, a South Chicago Heights attorney and immigrant rights advocate, explained that there are other roads to citizenship, including staying in the US for 10 years while having a positive impact on the community, or being married to a US citizen. "Every situation, especially in immigration law, is very nuanced, so it's really important to seek legal counsel to find out exactly your situation." Fred Tsao, who is senior policy counsel at the Illinois Coalition for Immigrant and Refugee Rights, stressed that Dreamers should be focused on understanding their options and being proactive in spite of the current political climate. He says that his coalition is doing everything that they can. “We have rosters of other resources for...legal resources and community support, other types of assistance. So we are trying to provide what assistance we can and refer to those resources that we know are available.”

These six months will be a hard wait for the 42,000 Dreamers in the state, but many can take heart that they have allies Illinois who are trying to make it easier.

________________________________________________________________

http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-daca-rescinded-illinois-business-reacts-0906-biz-20170905-story.html

http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-dreamers-decision-live-updates-mayor-rahm-emanuel-declares-chicago-1504638077-htmlstory.html

http://www.chicagotribune.com/suburbs/daily-southtown/opinion/ct-sta-knowles-column-st-0912-20170911-story.html

https://undocu.berkeley.edu/legal-support-overview/what-is-daca/

http://abc7chicago.com/politics/daca-fallout-emanuel-asks-rauner-for-dreamers-bill-of-rights-in-ill/2382503/

http://www.cnn.com/2017/09/06/politics/daca-trump-states-lawsuits/index.html

https://ag.ny.gov/sites/default/files/new_york_et_al._v._trump_et_al_-_17cv5228.pdf

Photo Credit: Rhododendrites

[worldexnews]

Victims of Preference

Photo Credit: Rhododendrites / Wikimedia

George Floyd “rally” in Brooklyn’s Grand Army Plaza near the Brooklyn Museum

{Reposted from the FirstOne Through blog}

People’s behavior is not uniform when engaging with different parts of society. Active and reactive actions and statements contort in unusual ways when it comes to Jews.

Consider politicians. When a White officer of the law harmed a…

[worldexnews]

Victims of Preference

Photo Credit: Rhododendrites / Wikimedia

George Floyd “rally” in Brooklyn’s Grand Army Plaza near the Brooklyn Museum

{Reposted from the FirstOne Through blog}

People’s behavior is not uniform when engaging with different parts of society. Active and reactive actions and statements contort in unusual ways when it comes to Jews.

Consider politicians. When a White officer of the law harmed…