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toradex · 7 years

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Cloud-Aided Yocto Build Speedup

Introduction

Cloud services have been a reality for some years already. Right now, one of the biggest concepts in the field is the Internet of Things, or IoT for short. When we electronics folk think of the cloud, the first thing that comes to our minds is connecting several devices to it and uploading data to be visualized, stored and analyzed - among other possibilities. Of course, other uses may come to mind, too: cloud services can also be used for storage and processing power, particularly in software-as-a-service applications and personal usage; IT professionals and sysadmins may take advantage of cloud-based VMs and databases.

One thing we don't always realize is that the cloud can be much more than simply an IoT tool, or something only large corporations have access to. We can make use of the cloud for everyday tasks, too. As a matter of fact, that's the motivation behind this article - taking a time-consuming task and using the cloud to simplify our lives a little!

Since I'm familiar with Azure, which is Microsoft's cloud platform, I will show you how to provision an Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS virtual machine (yes, a Linux machine on Microsoft's cloud!) in Azure, and use Yocto/OpenEmbedded to generate an embedded Linux image, just like the standard image available for the Toradex Colibri iMX6 computer on module.

The first step is to go to portal.azure.com and sign in to Azure with your Microsoft account.

Creating the virtual machine

After doing that, simply follow the instructions on this page from Azure's documentation to quickly create a virtual machine.

Tip #1: In your computer's terminal, after generating an authentication key using the following command:

you will need to copy the public authentication key. Just copy the contents of the “id_rsa.pub” file. Execute the command below and copy its output:

Tip #2: After completing the “Connect to Virtual Machine” step, you may stop. You do not need to install NGINX as described in the Azure article.

Building Yocto

By accessing the VM via ssh, you can prepare the build environment. To do so, follow the instructions in this technical article on Toradex's developer site.

Tip #1: Despite the article's length, all you need are these sections: “Prerequisites” - Ubuntu 16.04, “Installation – Setup/Configure”, “Installation – local.conf” - to select Colibri iMX6, and “Building”.

Tip #2: When the VM is initialized, it will have a 30 GB disk (SSD) on which the operating system is installed. There is also a volatile disk in the /mnt folder, and its size varies according to the VM configuration you choose.

Note: you can increase the size of the 30 GB disk (SSD) where the operating system is installed.

Is it fast?

For this test, we performed an initial build of the image 'angstrom-lxde-image', including downloading and compiling all packages, as well as downloading the image from the cloud to the development computer.

I used a laptop computer from work for the test. It has an Intel® Core™ i7-3740QM CPU @ 2.70GHz with 8 virtual cores (the processor has 4 cores), 8 GB RAM, and an SSD for the builds, running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS natively. Starting from scratch, the initial build took four hours in all.

Next, two VMs were provisioned in Azure, as follows: one with the simplest configuration available (Standard DS1 v2), with 1 Intel® Xeon® core, CPU E5-2673 v3 @ 2.40GHz, 3.5 GB RAM and SSD disk; the other one with the most powerful configuration available to my account (limited to 10 cores), with 8 Intel® Xeon® cores, CPU E5-2673 v3 @ 2.40GHz, 28 GB RAM and SSD disk. The total time for the initial build was 12 hours for the simplest configuration, and 1 hour and 30 minutes for the most powerful one.

A coworker of mine also ran some builds using Amazon AWS machines (c4.2xlarge, c4.4xlarge and m4.2xlarge – for more info, please check here) and other hardware configurations (4 core i7-6700K CPU @ 4.00GHz, 32 GB DDR4, NVMe SSD and 8 core Xeon® CPU E5-2667 v4 @ 3.20GHz, 64GB DDR4, RAM disk), for comparison purposes. These results are also listed in the table below.

Note 1: There are more powerful VMs available to other account types.

Note 2: Compiled image download time from the cloud to the local computer is rather short (< 3 minutes) for an average download speed of 1 MB/s.

Note 3: While some cloud platforms, such as Azure, round the VM costs to the nearest minute, other platforms might round the costs to the nearest hour.

Note 4: Using a RAM disk is also likely to improve performance.

* Hourly values presented in this table do not include international transaction fees. Costs reflect a VM deployed on the East US Azure server, and may vary depending on the region in which the VM is deployed. Other services, such as data storage, were used alongside the VM service; these may also be relevant to the total cost of the build. Prices may change without notice, per Microsoft's policy–please browse the Azure website or contact Microsoft for more information regarding pricing.

Is it cost-effective?

The simplest Azure virtual machine used costs US$0.073/hour, whereas the most powerful one (available to my account) costs US$0.585/hour. Therefore, the total first build cost is about US$0.878 for both machine configurations. The table of costs for all configurations can be found on this Azure page.

Tip #1: After you finish a build, shut down the VM to avoid spending credits unnecessarily. The idea is to pay per use, so remember not to leave a VM running over the weekend, for example.

Tip #2: You can configure automatic VM shutdown functions as a safeguard, in case you forget to shut down a VM manually.

Conclusion

This experiment has revealed both pros and cons for cloud-based builds. Given the build times from the "Is it fast?" section, a cloud-based build strategy can potentially speed up the build process significantly. However, you should also take into account download speeds: with a good internet connection, a low-cost local build server can be as fast or even faster than some cloud configurations. On the other hand, if you have a slow or unreliable connection, the cloud-based approach may be a better option.

Additionally, consider that the cost of using a VM over time might be higher than the cost of running a local build server. On the other hand, if your company does not have a dedicated local server for builds, using the cloud might save time for some employees. This is cost-beneficial, since VM hours are cheaper than employee working hours. This strategy also saves potential wear and tear on personal machines from running builds.

The cloud may also work well as an intermittent solution, to be used when multiple builds need to be performed simultaneously. This solution is easy and inexpensive to implement alongside a local server that is already handling one or more builds concurrently.

In the end, it is important to understand what kinds of cloud solutions are available, and to be aware that these solutions may or may not fit your needs. I hope you find the tips and case study presented in this article useful. Until next time!

#Ubuntu Server #Microsoft Azure #Yocto #OpenEmbedded #Embedded Linux #Virtual Machine #Cloud Aided Yocto

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bellafree202 · 2 years

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Poky linux kernel

Poky - eL.

Out-of-Tree Kernel Modules - Legato Docs.

Make(3): execvp: /bin/sh: Argument list too long --Compilation Error.

Enable AD7298 with IIO on imx6ul with Yocto - Q&A - Linux Software.

KGDBoE on RaspberryPi - building out of the kernel tree.

Compiling Linux | Documentation | RocketB.

GitHub - chargebyte/poky.

(poky) Custom Kernel Recipe: How to specify KCFLAGS args during kernel.

Atmel-aes Linux driver works on the sama5d31ek board.

Dunfell - ERROR: ca-certificates-20211016-r0 do_fetch: Fetcher failure.

What is Poky and Bitbake in the Yocto Project - Tutorial.

How to use Poky — pengwyn-sdk 1.0.0 documentation.

Poky – Yocto Project.

Reconfiguring Linux kernel and adding drivers into Galileo's.

Poky - eL.

For how to compile the fmac backport driver, we have a README file along with the release. #1. Untar the Cypress backports package. #2. (Native) compile local tools and generate (in a new terminal. #3. (Cross) compile kernel modules. #4. The kernel modules are available here. The following steps will recreate the kernel and device tree for the MitySOM-A10S development kit. This will use the yocto SDK that is provided on the files section. Please note that the kernel and dtb will normally be built through the yocto build but the steps here are provided for development.

Out-of-Tree Kernel Modules - Legato Docs.

Poky Linux. Poky is an embedded Linux build system, distribution and developer environment which builds upon OpenEmbedded technologies. It is less generic than OpenEmbedded, but on the other side, you may find it more tuned and optimized for such devices as PDAs and smartphones.... Linux kernel has Root on NFS feature, allowing mounting root. Indeed this is the case. The actual problem command is buried inside the kernel's build system and is quite hard to find. But the reason it is too long is because the $(c_flags) variable is huge. This is huge because qualcomm's wifi driver has a poor design for its headers. Feb 24, 2016 · The steps I did to build the custom image: (1) Build standard image. (2) source poky/oe-init-buid-env (step 4 in the Board support package on page 7) (3) bitbake virtual/kernel -c menuconfig (step 1 in the Board support package on page 14) (4) include your stuff.

Make(3): execvp: /bin/sh: Argument list too long --Compilation Error.

Loadable kernel modules ( files) are object files that are used to extend the kernel of the Linux Distribution. They are used to provide drivers for new hardware like IoT expansion cards that have not been included in the Linux Distribution.

Enable AD7298 with IIO on imx6ul with Yocto - Q&A - Linux Software.

. Aug 03, 2007 · Through integration with QEMU (both ARM and x86 host virtualisation) or chroot-like tools, Poky provides a unique cross-application development environment. Features include; * Linux 2.6.x kernel support. * x86 and ARM (both OABI and EABI) architecture support out the box with provision for others too.

KGDBoE on RaspberryPi - building out of the kernel tree.

Overview. The OEM Linux OS is based on the Poky Linux distribution — the reference distribution by YoctoProject. It contains the OpenEmbedded build system as well as a collection of useful meta-layers for hardware support and system components, allowing Linux software developers to get off to an immediate start on our hardware. Poky/meta/recipes-core/images$ tree. ├── build-appliance-image │ ├── README_VirtualBox_Guest_A │ ├── README_VirtualBox_T │ ├── Yocto_Build_A │ └── Yocto_Build_A ├── ├── ├── ├──. The Yocto Project. It's not an embedded Linux Distribution, It creates a custom one for you. The Yocto Project (YP) is an open source collaboration project that helps developers create custom Linux-based systems regardless of the hardware architecture. The project provides a flexible set of tools and a space where embedded developers worldwide.

Compiling Linux | Documentation | RocketB.

...

GitHub - chargebyte/poky.

Answer. There is a test method TCYPT which could be used to test the encoding and decoding speed for various cryptography algorithms implemented by hardware or by software. Attached is the test log. - Kernel compiled with none built-in atmel-crypto driver but atmel-aes, tcrypt driver module. 但是，编译器不使用所指向的共享对象文件，而是尝试链接到符号链接本身，因此存在兼容性问题以下是运行conf. 我正在尝试为飞思卡尔I.MX6处理器交叉编译Qt5。. 我已经使用最新的Yocto软件包构建了一个映像在编译qtbase之前，首先通过编译一些OpenGL代码. Yocto Project.

(poky) Custom Kernel Recipe: How to specify KCFLAGS args during kernel.

Hi everyone, I've seen a variety of posts on the best way to incrementally build Yocto without clearing all your cache and work directories. However, I've found that when I modify the kernel in the following ways: - Add a patch. - Change a menuconfig option. - Edit a kernel source file. And rebuild using the methods I found, the changes don't. Jun 29, 2014 · cd /tmp/meta-clanton_v1.0.1 source poky/oe-init-build-env yocto_build/ bitbake -c configure linux-yocto-clanton. That will build a bunch of utilities, fetch and configure Linux kernel sources. Configuration. After it's done, let's enable our driver using standard kernel configuration process. The default way to do this is to run. Toggle navigation Patchwork Linux ARM based TI OMAP SoCs mailing list Patches Bundles About this project Login; Register; Mail settings; 4880081 diff mbox (09/16) tty: serial: 8250_dma: Add a TX trigger workaround for AM33xx. Message ID: 1410377411-26656-10-git.

Atmel-aes Linux driver works on the sama5d31ek board.

Linux kernel modules can be loaded/unloaded in runtime, which allows for smaller core kernel images and more flexibles systems. Note: Legato AF also provides a way to load kernel modules with applications. If you do not wish to rebuild your Linux Distribution this is the prefered way of adding new drivers. Set Build Environment.

Dunfell - ERROR: ca-certificates-20211016-r0 do_fetch: Fetcher failure.

. Build Configuration: BB_VERSION = "1.16.0" TARGET_ARCH = "arm" TARGET_OS = "linux-gnueabi" MACHINE = "zynq-zx3-pm3" DISTRO = "poky" DISTRO_VERSION = "1.3.2&quot. Writing "2" to the authorized_default attribute causes kernel to only authorize by default devices connected to internal USB ports. Example system lockdown (lame) ¶ Imagine you want to implement a lockdown so only devices of type XYZ can be connected (for example, it is a kiosk machine with a visible USB port).

What is Poky and Bitbake in the Yocto Project - Tutorial.

Step 4: Build an Image. Execute the following command to build a minimal image of a GNU/Linux distribution for your Raspberry Pi: bitbake rpi-basic-image. Please note that the build may take up to several hours depending on the hardware of your personal computer and the speed of the Internet connection. Add Tip..

How to use Poky — pengwyn-sdk 1.0.0 documentation.

Jul 03, 2022 · GitHub - ystk/linux-poky-debian: Linux Kernel Source for Poky. Share on Reddit. OpenedHand has released Poky Linux 3.0, the latest version of the company#39;s OpenEmbedded derivative for GNOME mobile development. Poky is both a Linux distribution and a versatile. How to use Poky pengwyn-sdk 1.0.0 documentation. The kernel pieces have been touched more recently. Some moved into the core, mostly its just example boiler plate type code now. I think this needs moving to a better named repository if its still wanted/useful, or we delete it.... * Re: poky-extras 2013-06-28 8:51 poky-extras Richard Purdie @ 2013-06-28 12:52 ` Bruce Ashfield 2013-06-28 12:57.

Poky – Yocto Project.

The Poky project incorporates a stable BitBake release, so to get started with Yocto, we only need to install Poky in our Linux host system. Note This is not recommended and can be a source of problems, as BitBake needs to be compatible with the metadata used in Yocto.

Reconfiguring Linux kernel and adding drivers into Galileo's.

Hi, I downloaded Legato Linux Distribution Legato-Dist-Source-mdm9x28-SWI9X07Y. I extracted this distro. I also have toolchain installed in my machine. Feb 22, 2022 · Yocto builds the kernel as well, you can rebuild with usual Yocto commands: bitbake linux-renesas -c cleansstate. bitbake linux-renesas -c compile. also: bitbake linux-renesas -c menuconfig. etc. Or do you want to build the kernel outside of Yocto?. Hi, I am trying to build a vexpress-qemu machine targe from poky's master. |. fatal error: linux/compiler-gcc6.h: No such file or directory. Apparently it is picking gcc 6.1 and kernel 4.1.24, which do not play. well together. The best approach is probably to use kernel 4.2 or newer. Is there a bug.

Other links:

Celeb Hard Pokies Pics

Phantom Pokie Machine Free

Celeb Huge Pokies

Charli Damelio Pokies

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laptop100938 · 2 years

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Poky muly multi spouse

Why can't we marry multiple people at the same time? - Quora.

MUTILATE A DOLL 2 - Play Mutilate a Doll 2 on Poki.

GIOCHI MULTIPLAYER - Gioco Giochi Multiplayer Gratis su Poki.

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The Poky Little Puppy's Valentine Board book - December 17, 2019.

Please add Polyamory beds for multi-spouse precepts!: RimWorld.

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Legalized Multi-spouse marriages | Christian Forums.

Spouses Enhanced - Page 23 - Downloads - SexLab Framework LE.

Multi-spouse crime - 1 answer | Crossword Clues.

Why can't we marry multiple people at the same time? - Quora.

Currently, the at-home spouse can protect (i.e., exempt) up to $115,920 of the total amount of assets of you and your spouse. However, in many states the 401 (k) or IRA of the at-home spouse is exempt regardless of amount. So that would be the first thing to determine, i.e., what the rule is for your particular state. Triad. A triad is a poly relationship between three people. Usually, this refers to a relationship where all three people are actively involved with each other: A is dating B, B is dating C, and A. Nosso mais Jogos Populares incluem hits como Subway Surfers, Stickman Hook, Rodeo Stampede e Iron Snout. Esses jogos só podem ser reproduzidos em Poki. Também temos clássicos online como Moto X3M, Bullet Force Multiplayer, 2048, Minecraft Classic e Tank Trouble para jogar de graça. No total, oferecemos mais de 1000 títulos de jogos.

MUTILATE A DOLL 2 - Play Mutilate a Doll 2 on Poki.

Charles William Mumy Jr. (/ ˈ m uː m i /; born February 1, 1954) is an American actor, writer and musician and a figure in the science-fiction community/comic book fandom.He came to prominence in the 1960s as a child actor, which included television appearances on Bewitched, I Dream of Jeannie, The Twilight Zone, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, and a role in the film Dear Brigitte, followed by a.

GIOCHI MULTIPLAYER - Gioco Giochi Multiplayer Gratis su Poki.

Poky is a reference distribution of the Yocto Project®. It contains the OpenEmbedded Build System (BitBake and OpenEmbedded Core) as well as a set of metadata to get you started building your own distro. To use the Yocto Project tools, you can download Poky and use it to bootstrap your own distribution. Note that Poky does not contain binary. Find your dream multi family home for sale in Southington, CT at ®. We found 736 active listings for multi family homes. See photos and more. This group is opened to announce news and discuss QnAs for POKY (new) and SPARKY (outdated) users. POKY from Woonghee Lee's group is available from is the modern software suite provides automated and visualized tools for multinuclear NMR data analysis including peak analysis, resonance assignment, titration and dynamics studies, 3D structure calculation, etc.

Multiplayer Hearts Card Game.

Mar 05, 2020 · Multi-member LLC (2 spouse) to single-member llc In the past, my wife and I were the two members in an LLC in the state of New Jersey (file Form 1065 Partnership returns). In 2019, she elected to transfer her shares to me thus, making the LLC a single member. Aug 05, 2013 · Same-sex “marriage” proponents have always scoffed at the idea that redefining marriage would open the door for multi-spouse marriages. “My Two Husbands” by Angi Becker Stevens, not only argues for “poly-amorous” unions but continues to scoff at the foolish “right wing” people who expected people to go there. Her article is. Poky Little Puppy And The Patchwork Blanket| Jean Chandler, Gleams Of Truth (Risale-I Nur Collection)|Ali Unal, Beautiful Relaxation Volume 2: Coloring.

The Poky Little Puppy's Valentine Board book - December 17, 2019.

This mod is being retired with SDV 1.5.4. For SDV 1.5.5 and greater, please use my new Free Love mod. Mod Features: Romance: Lets you marry villagers when you're already married. Lets you date villagers when you're already married. Lets you have a roommate and spouse (s) at the same time. Lets you date non-datable adult villagers (limited. Muly Chumel (@cikmuly) na TikTok | 3.3K lajků. 1.5K fanoušků. Podívej se na nejnovější video uživatele Muly Chumel (@cikmuly).

Please add Polyamory beds for multi-spouse precepts!: RimWorld.

Martijn Kunst 4.5 808,534 votes. Raft Wars Multiplayer is the multiplayer version of the classic Raft Wars game. The original Raft Wars is a fun, level-based shooting game created by Martijn Kunst, where you and your brother Simon have to defend your treasure from enemies of all kinds! This time your opponents are not controlled by computers. To start a new game, press the Start new game button. You will start playing with three computer players. Human players can join your game at any time, replacing the computer players. To join a game in progress, select a game from the Select a game list, then press the Join game button.

Bill Mumy - Biography - IMDb.

The bestselling picture book of all time! Five little puppies dug a hole under the fence and went for a walk in the wide, wide world.... The Poky Little Puppy was one of the original twelve Little Golden Books published in 1942, and went on to become the bestselling picture book of all time. The story of a curious puppy, who digs holes under fences and who has to go to bed without any. Board book. $5.65 36 Used from $1.24 22 New from $4.00. Enhance your purchase. The poky little puppy gets to celebrate Valentine's Day in this irresistable board book with soft red flocking! Poky loves so many things: his cozy red sweater, watching the beautiful sunrise from his red pillow, and especially his family in their matching red.

Muly Chumel (@cikmuly) TikTok | Sleduj nejnovější videa TikTok od.

Multi_spouse Multi acc! · 2021-7-19. Follow. Yeah, we're not going to talk about it. #colesprouse #lilireinhart #foryou. original sound - Multi acc! Report. 72 4 Share. Spouse - Open Work Permit. If you are the spouse or common-law partner of a skilled worker or international student, you are eligible to apply for an open work permit in Canada. Your spouse or common-law partner may be eligible for an open work permit if you: have a valid study permit and. are a full-time student at one of these types of schools. This video is being uploaded from my clans channel Polo. I understand this isn't the worlds greatest montage and i'm certainly not claiming it to be just ple.

Penalty Shootout: Multi League - CrazyGames.

Picture Perfect. No one has a perfect spouse. But apparently, looking at their picture might improve our view of how close they come. Sandra J.E. Langeslag and Kruti Surti (2022) studied the.

13 Worst Signs Your Husband is Emotionally Unavailable.

301 Moved Permanently. nginx. A single-member LLC is easier for tax purposes because no federal tax return is required unless the business decides to be treated as a corporation for tax purposes. The income is reported on the member's tax return. A multiple-member LLC must file tax returns, and give the members K-1 forms to file their returns. 26.

Multi Million dollar estate, what would you do? (feel, wife.

Sep 12, 2020 · This crossword clue Multi-spouse crime was discovered last seen in the September 12 2020 at the Thomas Joseph Crossword. The crossword clue possible answer is available in 6 letters. This answers first letter of which starts with B and can be found at the end of Y. We think BIGAMY is the possible answer on this clue. A spouse is a significant other in a marriage (in certain contexts, it can also apply to a civil union or common-law marriage).Although a spouse is a form of significant other, the latter term also includes non-marital partners who play a social role similar to that of a spouse, but do not have rights and duties reserved by law to a spouse.This is an incomplete translation from French époux. This documentation includes detailed instructions and videos to successfully build & deploy your own TikTok, Dubsmash or M clone using Muly. Thanks for purchasing Muly - Short Video App. Here you can find easy to follow steps to configure, install/build and customize your copy of Muly source code. 1. Prepare. 2. Installation - Server. 3.

Legalized Multi-spouse marriages | Christian Forums.

Polygamy in Islam is not a free for all. Men are limited to marrying a maximum number of four and they must be equitable with all of them. Each wife has the same rights over their husband. He has to care for and treat them fairly or they can ask for a divorce. “Marry those that please you of (other) women, two or three or four. Divorce Can Motivate One Spouse to Use iPhones and iCloud to Spy on the Other Spouse. Security is not a game of chance. Your money, your court case, and your personal safety could be jeopardized by failing to take prudent steps to safeguard your information and communications on every iOS, smartphone, mobile device, and computer you use. Jun 03, 2020 · Multiple S(Multiple Spouses)folder 217KB. Choose from the options below. Choose download type. Free. Premium. Multi-threaded downloads. close. check. Download speeds.

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Another reason poly marriages struggle with gaining legality: Taxes. There is an argument that multi-spouse marriages would give those households unfair advantages when it comes to paying taxes. Unfortunately, it is much easier for lawmakers to ignore the poly community rather than reform the current tax system in place. Unpacking biases. Define poky. Poky as a adjective means Small and uncomfortable; stuffy..

Multi-spouse crime - 1 answer | Crossword Clues.

The meaning of POKY is small and cramped. How to use poky in a sentence. Best Answer for Multi-Spouse Crime Crossword Clue. The word that solves this crossword puzzle is 6 letters long and begins with B. 48 Multi-Family Homes For Sale in Saint Petersburg, FL. Browse photos, see new properties, get open house info, and research neighborhoods on Trulia.

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reliableembeddedsystems · 2 years

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20 Mar: Last Minute - public/private (TBD), online, DE/EN (TBD), book until: 18 Feb rlbl.me/intely-r-en-pdf #yoctoizing #embeddedlinux #openembedded #linux #developer #embedded #coding #programming #software #embedsys https://video.twimg.com/ext_tw_video/1625413377802530818/pu/vid/1280x720/WWoBSuuKEmTbA3xH.mp4?tag=12

#Linux #programming #coding #software #developer #embedded #yoctoizing #embeddedlinux #openembedded #embedsys

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galigio · 7 years

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Hackaday's Irish Excursion is on 7 April - Hackaday Hackaday Hackaday's Irish Excursion is on 7 April Hackaday Beth 'pidge' Flanagan is an embedded and Linux expert who is well-known for her work on OpenEmbedded and Yocto and will talk about “how the sausage is made” specifically surrounding some advance metering infrastructure. Rachel “Konichiwakitty” will be ...

March 22, 2018 at 12:54AM & selected by Galigio

#Technology #tech #galigio.org

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joshuajacksonlyblog · 4 years

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Interview: Colin Steil Offers an Insight Into the Cartesi Project

The Cartesi project has been making waves in the crypto and blockchain industry as it aims to make dApps more practical and scalable so that it can meet the ever-evolving real-world requirements. In order to understand more about the project, we asked Colin Steil, the COO and Co-founder of Cartesi a few questions.

Q: Let us start with the basic question so that we can get a better understanding of the project. What is Cartesi?

A: Cartesi is building an operating system for DApps. The project enables complex and intensive computations to run in a Linux environment, outside the blockchain, without compromising decentralization. Cartesi aims to make DApps significantly more powerful, easier to develop, and portable.

Cartesi aims to bring mainstream scalability and convenience to developers and users of decentralized applications.

Q: Why is Cartesi Unique?

A: Development limitations on blockchain platforms can frustrate both developers and users, turning them away. Cartesi allows developers to build on well-established software they are familiar with and run them in a Linux environment. The project aims to bridge the gap between the centralized and decentralized worlds of application development. Some of its key highlights include:

– Scalability: Intensive computations on massive amounts of data are performed off-chain with the same security guarantees offered by the blockchain; – Programmability: DApp logic runs under Linux, and is coded with a choice of thousands of open-source software components available for Linux; – Ease of Adoption: Developers can work in a familiar environment using their favorite tools, not limited by immature languages and runtime environments; – Decentralization: Consensus is securely reached on-chain with no need for a reputation protocol, Trusted Execution Environment, or servers controlled by a single party; – Portability: Cartesi aims to make DApps portable across the most important public blockchains that support smart contracts; – Privacy: DApp states can be kept private among application participants.

Q: Can you tell us more about how the Linux OS works in tandem with dApps, and how it is different from Linux distros available for general use?

A: Cartesi is unique in the sense that it allows decentralized applications to be run on Linux in a way that’s verifiable by the blockchain. Complex processing can be executed off-chain free from blockchains’ computational limits and corresponding fees.

By offering a Linux runtime environment, Cartesi is the only software-based verifiable off-chain compute system that gives developers a vast array of software that evolved in the last 30 years and that enables the applications we use on the Internet today.

On Cartesi, DApp logic runs on a virtual machine that emulates a RISC-V ISA. Just like on any embedded development, there are often two systems involved: the host system is where the development happens, and the target system is where the applications being developed ultimately run. This is called “cross-development”. We will provide a Docker image for developers to run on the host. This docker image will contain all the development tools needed pre-installed. It is currently based on Ubuntu 18.04, but will be upgraded to 20.04 soon. With it, developers can pick the components that will be part of the target application they are writing, including scripts and cross-compiled programs they may have written themselves. These components run inside an embedded Linux system that runs in the target. This is based on a customization of Buildroot. We plan to support other embedded Linux distributions in the future (OpenEmbedded/Yocto is in our wish-list).

Q: How does Cartesi achieve interoperability between different blockchains?

A: There are two aspects to this. First, Cartesi applications will be able to read and do complex calculations involving data from multiple sources. This will help interoperability between blockchains and services such as future and insurance markets.

In addition, Cartesi is initially built on Ethereum but has plans to be blockchain agnostic. In this regard, Cartesi aims to make DApps portable across the most important public blockchains that support smart contracts so developers don’t have to worry about the longevity of specific blockchain projects.

Q: What are the applications of Cartesi and how different is it from other distributed computing solutions currently available in the market?

A: To avoid confusion, distributed computing is only one conceivable use case for Cartesi. Cartesi aims at solving a much larger problem regarding the current limitations and immaturity of available blockchains and DApp infrastructures. Development limitations on blockchain platforms frustrate both developers and users, turning them away. Cartesi allows developers to build DApps on well-established software they are familiar with and running them in a Linux environment. The project aims to bridge the gap between the centralized and decentralized worlds of application development.

Our first DApp, Creepts, is a fully decentralized tower defense game. This game showcases a fully decentralized game that was developed using conventional software stocks on Linux and also requiring billions of microprocessor instructions (and thus impossible to run on-chain): https://ift.tt/2zasUJ0

In regards to competitors, Cartesi is a unique project in a certain way. TrueBit and Offchain Labs both have a similar protocol for off-chain computation that involves an interactive dispute resolution (verification game). However, in our case, we have different choices of virtual machine architecture and cryptoeconomic incentives in order to fulfill our vision. Namely, to provide DApp developers with a wealth of software infrastructure already available for Linux. In that respect, there’s no project that is similar to Cartesi currently.

Q: Why this approach? What influenced the creators to embark on this project?

A: Cartesi uses this approach as we believe DApp developers face a multitude of problems today, having to reinvent software stacks for blockchain that have already existed and have been matured for decades. This is exactly one of the reasons we are building Cartesi. No software application is built in isolation. Mainstream mobile/desktop/web Applications today depend on multiple software dependencies that took decades to mature on operating systems like Linux. Cartesi brings all this software infrastructure to blockchain applications. Whereas without Cartesi, blockchain applications cannot use mainstream software, libraries, and services, unless they sacrifice decentralization in some way.

Then, there’s the second problem. Besides being hampered by insufficient software infrastructure, decentralized applications also suffer tight on-chain processing limits. So, they can hardly offer a compelling alternative to mainstream centralized applications. They are often hard to build, being clunky and limited for developers and DApp users.

Cartesi solves these three problems by 1) offering developers the software and tools supported by a full Linux OS; 2) moving off-chain all the heavy computation over large amounts of data, that blockchains cannot do; 3) offering services and a token economy that allows users to securely rely on the network and remain free from inconveniences of blockchain tech (e.g. slow confirmation times, requirement to remain online to resolve disputes, and others).

The Cartesi founding team initially got into blockchain as a result of Augusto Teixeira (Chief Scientific Officer) being a colleague in research and having co-authored scientific publications with Serguei Popov. As Augusto is an expert in probability and graph theory, with strong game-theoretical background, Serguei Popov encouraged him to contribute to the blockchain movement by first introducing him to Bitcoin’s whitepaper.

Before the scope of Cartesi was defined as a generalized Linux infrastructure for scalable DApps, the original idea was to implement a decentralized data science and machine learning marketplace on the blockchain. This application required a deterministic off-chain compute infrastructure. After designing this, the Cartesi team was inspired by the possibilities of this Linux infrastructure, paving the way for Cartesi.

On Linux and Blockchains: https://medium.com/cartesi/on-linux-and-blockchains-a955a49a84e1

Q: What will be the impact of Cartesi on the future of dApps evolution?

A: We believe that Cartesi will change the future of DApps evolution, enabling an entirely new wave of DApps that were not possible before. Our vision is to make the development and use of DApps as close as possible to their centralized counterparts.

Key highlights of Cartesi DApps include:

Scalability: Intensive computations on massive amounts of data are performed off-chain with the same security guarantees offered by the blockchain;

Programmability: dApp logic runs under Linux, with a choice of thousands of open-source software components to mix and match;

Ease of Adoption: Developers can work in a familiar environment with no artificial limitations and with access to all their favorite tools;

Decentralization: Consensus is securely reached on-chain with no need for a reputation protocol, Trusted Execution Environment, or central servers on the cloud;

Portability: Cartesi aims to make dApps portable across the most important public blockchains that support smart contracts;

Privacy: dApp states can be kept private among application participants.

Q: We have seen the Creepts game. Are there any limitations to the kind of games that can be created using Cartesi infrastructure? Is it possible that we can see high-quality open world or MMORPG games on Cartesi in the future?

A: Once developers have a decentralized Linux infrastructure, they can use 30 years of open-source software evolution. The Cartesi VM also unleashes enormous computational power compared to the unscalable computation on blockchains. With Cartesi, game logic processing is performed off-chain, while the security guarantees of the blockchain are still maintained. Cartesi could offer a best-of-both-worlds solution to game devs: an efficiency much closer to what exists for centralized games with the decentralization of native blockchain games.

The DApp logic can be any generic program compiled for Linux on a RISC-V architecture. That covers a vast domain of possibilities. Of course, you can also use OS-level resources, like the file system. With each new feature that we bring to the Cartesi SDK, a broader range of game styles will be possible. The tournament is the simplest – because players are not interacting with each other directly. Next, we will make it easy to develop turn-based multiplayer games.

As we progress with the features we are developing along with the roadmap, more complex and sophisticated multiplayer games that are truly decentralized will become possible. RPG’s are in the radar.

For more info on Creepts: https://medium.com/cartesi/introducing-creepts-the-first-cartesi-dapp-374eee8ad914

Games with Cartesi: https://medium.com/cartesi/how-to-make-more-impressive-decentralized-games-120636cb5712

Q: Please give some insights on the tokenomics of CTSI tokens, listings etc.

A: Cartesi aims to bring mainstream scalability and power to decentralized applications through a network of nodes. The CTSI token has been designed to incentivize Cartesi Node operators to engage with the system honestly and in an efficient way.

Below are some quick-facts about CTSI and the Cartesi token economy:

Cartesi was the latest IEO through Binance’s Launchpad initiative

Amount Raised via Binance Launchpad Sale: 1,500,000 USD

Cartesi is listed on Binance for CTSI/BTC, CTSI/USDT, CTSI/BUSD & CTSI/BNB

Cartesi is listed on 15 exchange markets in total: https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/cartesi/markets

Cartesi’s current market cap is ~$5,500,00 with a 20% circulating supply

Cartesi’s total unlock for 2020 will amount to less than 25% of the total supply

CTSI is a PoS side chain cryptocurrency, PoS details to be released soon

Total Supply: 1,000,000,000 CTSI

CTSI is an ERC-20 Token

For more information on the token economy: https://t.me/CartesiAnnouncements/167

Q: Anything else you would like our readers to know?

A: We encourage you to join our Telegram community: https://t.me/cartesiproject for any further questions or information that you are seeking.

Cartesi’s Ecosystem Links:

Website: https://cartesi.io Twitter: https://twitter.com/cartesiproject Telegram: https://t.me/cartesiproject Discord: https://discordapp.com/invite/Pt2NrnS GitHub: https://github.com/cartesi Binance Research Report: https://research.binance.com/projects/cartesi

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michaelbennettcrypto · 4 years