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vijaysharmagastrologistlive-blog · 6 years ago

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sarkarinaukariresults · 2 years ago

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ofphcenixes · 6 years ago

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juniperpublisher-ph · 5 years ago

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Operations Research in Healthcare: A Review|Juniper Publishers

Juniper Publishers- Juniper Online Journal of Public Health

Review Article

Operations Research in Healthcare: A Review

*S Priyan

Department of Mathematics, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi 626005, Virudhunagar DT, Tamilnadu, India.

Submission: February 21, 2017; Published: March 16, 2017

*Corresponding author: S Priyan, Department of Mathematics, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi 626005, Virudhunagar DT, Tamilnadu, India,Email: [email protected]

How to cite this article: S Priyan. Operations Research in Healthcare: A Review. JOJ Pub Health. 2017; 1(3): 555561. DOI:10.19080/JOJPH.2017.01.555561

Abstract

A brief review of operations research (OR) applications to problems of health care systems are made in this article. It demonstrates the possibilities which exist for improving the operational, tactical and strategic decision-making of health care systems through the use of operations research approaches. This paper aims to raise the awareness of healthcare managers with regard to realistic OR applications

Commentary

Operations research is a term that can be used with mathematical and statistical methods and computer systems, which characterizes the orientation, interdisciplinary philosophy, which aims to quantify the relevant aspects of the situation in the modeling and manipulation of the model approach to develop decisions, plans, and policies. The systematic methodology of OR focuses on the problems developed conflicting objectives, strategies and alternatives. OR is, ultimately, the scientific method, which is applied to complex tasks to assess the overall impact of different policy options to consider actions, providing a better basis for making business decisions. The OR approach to solve the problem comprises the following six sequential steps:

Formulate the problem,

Construct a mathematical model,

Derive the solution from the model,

Test the model

Establish control over the solution, and

Health care is the number one domestic industry in the United States and one of the largest industries in the developed and developing countries, as well as it is a service-oriented industry. It is a particularly significant service industry given not only the criticality of quality and safety in delivering patient care [1], but also the associated cost involved as it is expected to account for 20% of gross domestic product (GDP)or $4 trillion in the USA in 2015 [2]. Figure 2 compares the total expenditure on health care among several countries, as a percentage of the GDP. These concerns extend beyond the USA, leading to increasing research interest in global healthcare operations [3]. OR provides a broad range of methodologies that can help health care systems to significantly improve their operations. Technologies, tools and theories of decision-making OR is many different topics and issues in health care. There are at least three reasons why operations research is relevant to health. To improve programme outcomes in relation to medical care or prevention, to assess the feasibility of new strategies orinterventions in specific settings or populations, and we have toadvocate policy change [4] (Figure 2).

Healthcare has become one of India’s largest sectors bothin terms of revenue and employment. Healthcare compriseshospitals, medical devices, clinical trials, outsourcing,telemedicine, medical tourism, health insurance and medicalequipment. The Indian healthcare sector is growing at a briskpace due to its strengthening coverage, services and increasingexpenditure by public as well private players. Indian healthcaredelivery system is categorized into two major components publicand private. The Government, i.e. public healthcare systemcomprises limited secondary and tertiary care institutions inkey cities and focuses on providing basic healthcare facilitiesin the form of primary healthcare centers (PHCs) in rural areas.The private sector provides majority of secondary, tertiary andquaternary care institutions with a major concentration inmetros, tier I and tier II cities. India’s competitive advantage liesin its large pool of well-trained medical professionals. India isalso cost competitive compared to its peers in Asia and Westerncountries. The cost of surgery in India is about one-tenth of thatin the US or Western Europe. The comparison of a few Indianmajor states with highest healthcare cost is given in (Figure 3).

Demographic change and increasing health expenditures inthe world make the healthcare research a hot topic. Hospitalsin the world are becoming larger to take advantage of thescale economy but also become more complex to design and tooperate. Ageing population makes constant diseases increasinglysignificant and leads to the need of better disease prevention,diagnostic, treatment planning and proactive cares. Patients aremore and more concerned by healthcare safety and traceability.Healthcare systems are also changing and new health servicessuch as home healthcare and telemedicine are growing. Mosthospitals used to empiric management are not prepared forand innovative systems engineering approaches are needed.Recent development of advance medical technologies makesthe systems engineering approach possible. The increasingavailability of healthcare relevant data makes possible betterdisease prevention, diagnostic and healthcare system operations.Innovative OR techniques have been designed for a broad rangeof healthcare applications such as operating room planning, emergency department staffing, breast cancer screening,radiotherapy treatment planning, home healthcare planning,long-term care planning and scheduling.

Facing these challenges, the very first attempts of thehospitals are to apply modern management techniques fromother industries. This leads to numerous hospital projectson lean management, quality control, inventory control, etc.Most of these projects had limited impacts due to their strongdependence on experiences of consulting firms gained from otherindustries and hardly took into specific features of. Hospitalsrealized more and more the need of original research takinginto specific features of healthcare industry. Various scientificcommunities quickly embraced major healthcare challengesfrom different perspectives. Emerging hot topics of the robotics& automation community include lab automation, lab-on-chip,surgical navigation, nanoscale drug delivery, medical imaginganalysis, etc. Other communities such as OR and IndustrialEngineering have been very active in healthcare managementresearch. Major Operations Research and Industrial Engineeringjournals publish more and more papers in healthcare and OR/IEconferences often have very popular sessions in healthcare suchas surgery planning/scheduling, nurse rostering, emergencydepartment analysis, ambulance location/dispatching and so on.

Operations research is increasingly recognized as essentialto strengthen health programs. For example, expanded stoptuberculosis (TB) strategy research clearly acting as a keyelement of successful programs of TB. It has various definitionsdepending on the scenario, scientists, and the type of search.The International Union against TB and Lung Disease and manyof its research partners define OR as research into strategies,interventions, tools or knowledge that can enhance the quality,coverage, effectiveness or performance of the health system orprogramme in which the research is being conducted [4]. Mistryet al. [5] derived a local agenda for OR: modeling the effects ofnewer technologies, active case detection, and changes in timingof activities, and mapping hotspots and contact networks;modeling the effects of drug control, changing the balance ofambulatory and inpatient care, and adverse drug reactions;modeling the effects of integration of TB and HIV diagnosis andmanagement, and preventive drug therapy; and modeling theeffects of initiatives to improve infection control.

Healthcare OR is not a new field; many health careresearchers and planners use concepts and methodologies which,in the business world, are often associated with the practice ofoperations research. These concepts and methodologies mostoften deal with problems in the areas of: Healthcare operationsimprovement; Inventory and Supply chain management; Facilitylocation and layout; Prevention, detection and treatment ofdiseases; Resource allocation; Clinical diagnosis and decisionmaking; and Treatment design and planning. In the contextof matter and the flow of patients and healthcare logisticsmanagement operations offer a wide range of applications for the analysis of operations research techniques. We review belowthe applications area of OR in healthcare.

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Operations Research in Healthcare: Literature Review

An area that has received considerable attention amongOR scholars is workforce scheduling, and in particular, nurserostering. The problem of working hours of construction fornurses to meet fluctuations in demand is extremely difficult.Service plans must comply with the requirements of the work ofnurses distinguish permanent and temporary staff are qualifiedto provide holidays and day, night and nurses evenly over theweekend and set preferences for class officers. Linear, mixedinteger and goal programming with constraint programmingmethods have been developed to generate nurse rosters [6].Reviews of literature on nurse rostering are available in Burke etal. [7] and Lim et al. [8].

Appointment scheduling has also been a rich research areaover the past decades (e.g. see Gupta and Denton [9]). Theprocess of assigning time slots for serving out- and inpatientsarises in diagnostic and treatment units deals with uncertainservice times, no-shows, cancelations, and walk-ins. A goodappointment schedule keeps patient waiting times short andminimizes staff overtime taking into account the patient loadand the available resources (i.e. staff, rooms, and equipment)?In view of this numerous authors developed models with theobjective of

How many patients to schedule?

How to allocate appointment slots throughout workingday?

What is the optimal sequencing of heterogeneouspatients.

Recently, Granja et al. [10] developed an optimizationmodel based on simulation approach to the patient admissionscheduling problem using a linear programming algorithm.Richard et al. [11] provided an improved method for solvingthe so-called dynamic patient admission scheduling (DPAS)problem. Atlie et al. [12] presented an exact method for PatientAdmission Scheduling (PAS) problem based on a recursivelogic-based Benders’ decomposition where each sub problemis formulated as an integer linear program. Turhan et al. [13]addressed two Mixed Integer Programming based heuristicsnamely Fix-and-Relax and Fix-and-Optimize where PAS probleminstances are decomposed into sub-problems and then the subproblemsare optimized.

Kidney dialysis therapy initiation for evaluating costand effectiveness is investigated in Lee et al. [14]. They usedApproximate Dynamic Programming and Simulation todetermine an optimal therapy and a strategy for maximizingpatient welfare. Chen [15] proposed the kidney allocationproblem. He assumed that the decision has to be made within a fixed time horizon because a kidney is perishable and the kidneysare limited. He addressed that the objective of kidney allocationproblem is to determine the allocation rule to maximize the totalexpected value achieved. The arrival, demand pattern of patientsis random. When we replace kidneys with airline tickets andpatients with travelers, we get the airline yield managementproblem. When we replace kidney and patient by job and workerrespectively, it has the typical scheduling problem. Recently,Thamer et al. [16] developed a risk score to assist shareddecision making for kidney dialysis initiation. Then Bagshaw etal. [17] addressed strategies for the optimal timing to start renalreplacement therapy in critically ill patients with acute kidneyinjury

Operating theater planning and scheduling (OTPS) has alsoreceived much attention in the past 60 years. The strategic(long term) planning level addresses capacity planning given aforecast of patient demand. Typically, the operating theaters andthe time allocated to each activity of the department at the time.The tactical (mid-term) planning level deals with the creationof weekly/monthly (rough) schedules for elective surgeries.Operational planning, the operational plan for the next day,generating a sequence of operations in each operating roomearly and distribution activities and some resources. Finally,the online planning level deals with rescheduling previouslyplanned surgeries as a result of unforeseen events such asdelays, emergencies, and cancelations. The rich and still growingliterature on OTPS covers a wide range of OR methodologies(heuristic approaches, and simulation) for deterministic andstochastic environments [6]. Reviews of literature up to 2010on Operating Theater planning and scheduling are available inCardoen et al. [18]. Recently, Wang et al. [19] investigated anoperating theater allocation problem with uncertain surgeryduration and emergency demand. In Wang et al. [19], theoperating room allocation problem with cancellation risk ismathematically formulated as follows:

Strategic operating theater planning belongs to the group ofresource allocation and capacity planning problems. This groupinvolves decisions concerning the mix and volume of patientstreated by a hospital and the amount, capability, and type ofresources for the delivery of healthcare. Hospital layout planningis also at the strategic level, but has received much less attention.The goal is to design a hospital, a clinic or a department in orderto minimize the movements of patients and accompanyingresources such as medical staff and equipment [6]. Quadraticinteger programming models were proposed by Butler et al. [19] and Elshafei [20] for problems arising in this area.

Patient transportation is a variant of the dial-a-ride problem(DARP) and concerns finding a set of minimum-cost routesand schedules for a feet of ambulances (or hospital staff) totransport (or escort) inpatients between nursing wards anddiagnostic units. Hospital-specific constraints (e.g. differentpriorities of requests, needs special equipment and supportmedical staff during transport and handling of incompleteknowledge in advance) significantly complicate the developmentof high-quality vehicle routes and schedules. The latter is oftencontrolled by the imposition of the travel time of the patient andminimizing deviations from the desired times for pickup anddelivery [21]. By its nature DARP combined extremely difficultto solve, which has contributed to the development of new OR,in particular the new (meta-) heuristic methods allowed [6].Beaudry et al. [22] and Kergosien et al. [23] proposed tabusearch based approaches, while Hanne et al. [24] embedded anevolutionary algorithm in a software application designed tosupport all phases of the transportation flow including requestbooking, scheduling, dispatching, monitoring, and reporting.Recently, Knyazkov et al. [25] illustrated the evaluation ofDynamic Ambulance Routing for the Transportation of Patientswith Acute Coronary Syndrome in Saint-petersburg. Zhang et al.[26] addressed a real-life public patient transportation problemderived from the Hong Kong Hospital Authority (HKHA), whichprovides ambulance transportation services for disabled andelderly patients from one location to another.

Aiming at improving the efficiency and reliability ofambulance service, several location models for ambulancestations have been proposed in the OR literature. Well-knownapproaches to this problem are coverage model and medianmodel. Coverage model looks for the location to maximize the(deterministic or probabilistic) covered demand of ambulancecalls. Hence this model can be thought of reliability orientedmodel. On the other hand in median model the objective is tominimize the total traveling distance of the ambulances fromthe station to the scene of call. This model gives more weightto the efficiency of ambulance operation [27]. Morohosi [27]addressed the comparison of those optimization models throughactual patient call data from Tokyo metropolitan area to showthe characteristics of each model and investigate a possibility ofimprovement in ambulance service.

Problem of patients overflow in wards is addressed byTeow [24] The demand of hospital’s inpatient beds by medicalspecialties changes according to patients’ volume over time.With no adjustments to the allocation of beds, the growingmismatch will result in unnecessary patients’ overflow. Thiswill lead to poor patient care, travel health workers redundantand the waiting bed. Hence, hospitals need to periodicallyreview their bed allocation by specialties. The bed reallocationexercise is typically a zero-sum game: some specialties will endup with more beds while others with fewer beds. Teow [24]suggested the structure of the patients overflow problem. Hefirst established bed demand for each specialty using patientday.He stated that the objective of the problem is to assign thebeds (i.e. decision variables) such that the specialties will endup with equitable bed occupancy rates (i.e. outcome), subjectto number of beds available (i.e. constraint). Litvak et al. [28]presented a mathematical method for computing the number ofregional beds for any given acceptance rate. In Litvak et al. [29],for blocking probability, they computed the famous Erlang lossformula

is the load, with λ the call arrival rate, and μ-1 the meancall length based Equivalent Random Method (ERM), and theyschematically depicted (Figure 4) the patient flows for two ICUs(Figure 4).

Outpatient appointment scheduling in health care has beenresearched over the last 50 years. Various scheduling rules havebeen proposed in different research works Bailey [30] and Cayirli[31]. A good appointment schedule is one that trade-offs patientswaiting time for clinics overtime, constrained by the patient loadand staffing. Operations research researchers use techniquessuch as queueing theory and discrete event simulation to proposevarious appointment strategies under different clinics settings.Some planning strategies can be very complex. Although the listof applications for logistics and research hospital managementoperation is far from over, above shows the range of possibilitiesin the field of operations research in hospitals [29].

Optimization issues in healthcare have become noticeablysignificant and attract keen interest from the OR community.Chen [32] addressed the optimization and decision support inBrachy therapy treatment planning using OR techniques. Heexpressed that the planning means finding a pattern of sourcesthat is consistent with do simetric constraints in brachy therapy.He formulated the following objective (0-1 mixed integerprogramming) for the problem of Brachy therapy treatmentplanning and suggested the Branch and bound method to solveit: Objective = Rewards - Penalties, where the rewards are theeffect of the treatment and the penalties are the side-effect on the surrounding healthy tissues. The graphical illustration of the Brachy therapy treatment is shown in (Figure 5).

Minimization of the total treatment time in cancerradiotherapy using multileaf collimators is studied by Wakeet al. [14]. The approach considers a Mixed Integer Programthat happens to be a modification of a cutting-stock problemformulation. Maillart et al. [33] developed a Markov chainmodel for investigating the proper frequency of mammographyscreening. They analysed a broad range of screening policies anddiscussed computational results. Lee and Zaider [34] described aclinical decision support system for treatment planning in Brachytherapy (placement of radioactive seeds inside a tumour) andused Mixed Integer Program for optimization. Recently, Holder[35]) gave a comprehensive discussion of linear and non-linearprogramming models for Intensity Modulated RadiotherapyTreatment (IMRT). Nightingale et al. [36] surveyed the currentpractices of preparation and management of radical prostateradiotherapy patients during treatment.

Accurate demand forecasting is indispensable in healthcareplanning, it results providing the input to numerous optimizationproblems. Cote and Tucker [37] discussed four commonmethods for forecasting demand for healthcare services:percent adjustment, 12-month moving average, trendline andseasonality. Xue et al. [38] analysed the continued growth ofthe end-stage renal disease population in the United States.They forecasted up to the year 2010 using historical data withstepwise autoregressive and exponential smoothing models.The accuracies of various forecast methods were evaluated byJones et al. [39]. They used data from daily patient arrivals atthe emergency departments of three different hospitals andconsidered the following methods: time series regression,exponential smoothing, and seasonal autoregressive integratedmoving average and artificial neural network models.

Hospital capacity planning is full of challenging problems forOR practitioners. Green and Savin [40] used OR-based analysesto address the increasingly critical hospital capacity planningdecisions. They used a queuing model formulation and gaveexamples of how OR models can be used for deriving significantinsights and operational strategies. Figure 6 shows the exampleof Hospital capacity alternative. A cooperative solution approach for hospital capacity to treat emergency patients inthe Netherlands is proposed in Litvak et al. [41]. Adan et al. [42]addressed the problem faced at a cardiothoracic surgery centerfor optimizing resource utilization. They modeled it as a MixedInteger Program having stochastic lengths of stay. Burdett& Kozan [43] proposed a multi-objective optimization (MOO)approach to perform a system wide analysis of public hospitalresources and capacity. Recently, Burdett et al. [44] deriveda mixed integer linear programming approach to performhospital capacity assessments. They developed the followingoptimization model

Minimize= subject to some realisticconstraint (Figure 6).

Increase in longevity, escalating health-care costs and theemergence of new diseases in recent years have forced medicaldecision-makers to focus strongly on preventive and specialized.According to Rais and Viana [45], optimization problems relatedto the prevention of diseases concern mostly vaccine selection.The vaccine selection algorithm has been extensively studiedas it was first introduced in Jacobson et al. [46]. Wu et al. [47]formulated the annual vaccine-strains selection problem as astochastic dynamic program. On the other hand, Earnshaw et al.[48] addressed a resource allocation problem for HIV preventionand developed a linear-programming model for improving onpast allocation strategies.

Unlike many industries, healthcare managers have tomanage very complicated distribution networks and inventorymanagement problems without proper guidance on efficientpractices. This is because most hospital administrators andpharmacy managers are doctors with expert knowledge inmedicine, and are not supply chain professionals. Hence, giventhe high costs, coordination, constraints, and perishability ofpharmaceuticals, more study is necessary to help health caremanagers in setting optimal supply chain management policies.Operations research provides a wide range of methodologies thatcan help hospitals and other health care systems to significantlyimprove their operations. Kelle et al. [49] provided decisionsupport tools that improve operational, tactical, and strategicdecision-making supply chain management under an inventory policy that involves periodic review. Amir et al. [50] developeda generalized network oligopoly model for PSC competition thattakes into account product perishability, brand differentiation,and discard costs. Priyan & Uthayakumar [51] designed thesupply chain management strategies for a pharmaceuticalcompany and a hospital. Priyan & Uthayakumar [52] framed anoptimal inventory management strategies for healthcare supplychain in a fuzzy–stochastic environment. Nematollahi et al. [53]derived an economic and social collaborative decision-making onvisit interval and service level in a two-echelon pharmaceuticalsupply chain.

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Conclusion

A brief review of operations research (OR) applications tohealthcare system are addressed in this paper. The purposeof this paper is to identify the existing literature on the widerange of operations research (OR) studies applied to healthcare,and to classify studies based on application type and on theOR technique employed. Based on this review, we recognizedthat commonly used OR approaches fall into four categories:mathematical programming (deterministic and stochastic),heuristics, queuing theory, and simulation.

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jobisitejobs · 7 years ago

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Critical Care /Float Pool RN with Eastside Medical Center

The position listed below is not with Georgia Interviews but with Eastside Medical CenterGeorgia Interviews is a private organization that works in collaboration with government agencies to promote emerging careers. Our goal is to connect you with supportive resources to supplement your skills in order to attain your dream career. Georgia Interviews has also partnered with industry leading consultants & training providers that can assist during your career transition. We look forward to helping you reach your career goals! If you any questions please visit our contact page to connect with us directlyEastside Medical Center Snellville, GA Registered Nurse(RN) Critical Care/Float Pool Eastside is a 310-bed,full-service, acute care medical center with nearly 1,200 employeesand 450 affiliated physicians.The hospital is fully accredited byThe Joint Commission.Eastside Medical Center has been a leader for31 years in a wide range of state of the art healthcare, includingemergency services, neurosurgery, orthopaedics, women's services,neurosciences, oncology, cardiology and behavioral health.EastsideMedical Center is currently looking for a Registered Nurse (RN)for our RN CCU Resource Pool.This is a Full Time Benefit Eligibleposition.FT/Days, rotating weekends.Apply online NOW to join ouramazing team of nurses! What we offer: * Ask if you qualify forrelocation assistance.* Competitive salary * Night and weekendshift differentials * Premium Pay for Weekend Only positions *Generous PTO Plan * Great medical plans, vision & dentalbenefits, life & disability benefits, etc.* 401(k) Plan with100% match * Employee Stock Purchase Program * TuitionReimbursement * Consumer discounts * And many, many more! PositionResponsibilities: * Demonstrates knowledge of human growthanddevelopment, assessment range of treatment, and care of patientsappropriate tothe ages of patients served.* Promotes customerservice initiatives along withEastside Medical Center's ServiceValues.* Documents all patient care.* Utilizes Nursing Processfor individual care to meetneeds of patients.* Demonstratesability to perform technical skills andprocedures.* Promotescompliance with National Patient SafetyGoals.Qualifications: *Current Georgia RN license * Graduate of an accredited school ofnursing * BLS American Heart Association * ACLS -American HeartAssociation * Requires aminimum of two years (excluding PRNexperience) in at least two of the followingareas: Med/Surg ICU,Cardiac Care Unit, Emergency Department, and any other asdefined byfacility.* Good communication skills * Good computer skills Associated topics: ambulatory, asn, bsn, care, care unit, ccu, nurse rn, psychiatric, staff nurse, tcu CriticalCareFloatPoolRNwithEastsideMedicalCenter from Job Portal http://www.jobisite.com/extrJobView.htm?id=100650

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jobisite11 · 7 years ago

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Critical Care /Float Pool RN with Eastside Medical Center

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usajobsite · 7 years ago

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Critical Care /Float Pool RN with Eastside Medical Center

#Job Portal

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miamijobsource · 8 years ago

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Medical Assistant

Performs variety ofnursing duties to accommodate and support COMBI clinicianstaff in the provision of quality patient care. Performs all clinician orders in a timely and accurate manner. Adheres to all regulatory requirements. Promotes positive patient Read the full post: : Medical Assistant

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hwcampus · 8 years ago

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New Post has been published on Online Professional Homework Help

New Post has been published on http://hwcampus.com/shop/nrs430v-week-1-clc-agreement/

NRS430V Week 1 CLC Agreement

NRS430V Week 1 CLC Agreement Collaborative Learning Community (CLC)

Introduction:

Group work can seem like a daunting task, particularly in an asynchronous environment in which communication occurs primarily online or, at a distance. Even if you are enrolled in a course that meets weekly, conflicting schedules can make it difficult to arrange outside meetings with your group members. However, with proper planning and clear communications, teams can work effectively and efficiently with little or no face-to-face contact. Achieving good outcomes requires that individuals with different strengths, weaknesses, and perspectives come together to arrive at consensus. Several tools have been created to help your group get started, get organized, and stay on task. With these tools and tips, you will find that working as a team of educated professionals is not only more efficient but more rewarding as well. This professional collaboration is after all, the nature ofnursing. Nurses work with others to help others. Working in teams produces the best outcome for patients and the nursing profession. The first step in working effectively as a team is to arrive at consensus. Before the real work begins, the entire group must agree on fundamental aspects of the work to be done. Together, the group must decide: • What the outcome or final product should look like? • What the objective is and what method should be used to achieve it? • Who should be responsible for doing what tasks, given their experience and talents? • Whatapproach should be used when attempting to solve a problem or conflict within the group? Collectively, this process is called “group think.” It is a way of approaching a task, taking into consideration the unique needs of each group member and their contributions to the group work. Group think involves challenging one another to think critically, to be accountable to one’s own opinions and responsibilities, and to be actively engaged in professional dialog. The CLC exercises in this course are designed to give you a better understanding of collaborative and interpersonal skills need to work with others successfully. Your grade for each CLC assignment is based partly on the quality of the work submitted and partly on the demonstration of group dynamic and “group think.”

How the CLC Works • The instructor will assign students to teams during Topic 1 in preparation for the CLC assignment that is due in Topic 3. • Each team will be assigned a color code. • Your team will use the CLC forum, located in the Discussion Forum folder, to communicate with each other while working on the assignment. Your team’s CLC forum can be identified by the color code that was assigned to your team.

Tips to Get Started 1) Get to know your team members and their individual skills (what they do well and what they prefer to do when working in groups).

2) Establish a “To Do”list for the group.

3) Establish expectations (how and when to communicate, who will do what aspects of the project) and a timeline in which the group must complete specific tasks.

4) Organize your work into sections, ensuring that all items listed on the guidelines are accounted for.

5) Communicate with your group members often to ensure your group is on track.

6) Assemble a rough draft of all documents required and upload the file to the team discussion forum for all group members to review and give comment.

7) Make corrections as necessary and assemble a final draft.

8) The title page of your paper should list the names of all group members.

9) Submit the completed assignment, with all required sections, to your faculty member via the corresponding drop box.

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vijaysharmagastrologistlive-blog · 6 years ago

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Message from founder of Karma on call AKA karmaoncall Healthcare service platform

Karma on call or karmaoncall human services stage guides patients and family to opportune spot for medicinal services support, correct individuals for help and righr rates and positioning. Karma on call is expanding straightforwardness and trust in the our healthcare market, which is the need of great importance to convey back healthcare services framework to old wonder. Karma on call offers sparing alternative for therapeutic record and healthcare pictures. Karma on call offers healthcare record sparing alternatives to specialists for audit of clinical work, look into, case report, introductions and medicolegal cases. Individuals would now be able to book CT examine, MRI, USG, x-beam differentiate through karma on call mobile healthcare application. Karma on call also known as karmaoncall offer straightforwardness, adaptability, choices, decisions, perceivability, oppurtunity to individuals. Karma on call or karmaoncall mobile healthcare application to book Dental, ENT, Eye and Endoscopy methods. Karma on call aka karmaocnall mobile healthcare application stage rearranges access to healthcare services for the community. Use karma on call karmaoncall healthcare platform to spare therapeutic record, use Karma on call to save medicines, save from repetitive tests and use Karma on call to spare restorative reports. Dear specialists, companions, families Karma on call offers plausibility of making a straightforward healthcare system access with expanded perceivability, alternatives and chances to help suppliers. Karma oncall mobile healthcare service platofrm stage interface symptomatic focus, emergency clinics, facilities to specialists and open. Karmaoncall is a push to bring Doctors and families closer with straightforward and devoted help by us all together. Karmaoncall.com supervisory group is profoundly dedicated and straightforward to every one of our accomplices which incorporates our clients, our attendants, our specialists, our medicinal shop proprietors, our demonstrative focus proprietors, our radiologists, our specialists doing techniques, best case scenario focuses in city, our merchants, our physiotherapists, our coaches, and our help laborers at Karmaoncall stage. We trust we are building another social insurance biological system with Karmaoncall medicinal services administration stage. Individuals can book ENT , eye , endoscopy, dental, urology, gynaecology procedures with Karma on call .https://www.karmaoncall.com Karma on call mobile healthcare service platofrm an offer choices to clients for booking radiological imaging, best case scenario labs in city at a predetermined time and date that too with cashless transections with thorough straightforward data. Karma on call versatile application offers opportunity and perceivability to social insurance laborers. Karma on call is attempting to expanding love and regard between specialists and patients. Last however not the least Karma on call offers secure cloud space for sparing medicinal record to everybody, I for one assurance for your information protection. karma on call is offering oppurtunity to individuals , it is offering perceivability to individuals, it is offering alternatives to individuals, it is offering straightforwardness to individuals, it is giving adaptability, simplicity of life, tranquility of life, comfort of home it is sparing time, it is setting aside extra cash , it is sparing assets. It is expelling bottlenecks in the healthcare framework. Much thanks for having confidence in us. Dr Vijay Sharma organizer karma on call mobile healthcare service platoform

Save important documents,Book CT MRI USG Xray PFT Cardiac testsBook Eye Urology Endoscopy Cosmetic procedures.

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https://apple.co/2Szra0Q

#healthcare platform #healthcare service platform #hospital clinic nursing home laboratory

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ofphcenixes · 6 years ago

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@ofnursing

in the campus hallways, blue found himself minding his own business as he was trickling back from class. blue still had those horrible words etched into his mind - one of his most peculiar and most embarrassing confessions broadcast to the whole school. nadia. she was just one of those girls, alluring like honey and as essential to the air you breathe. it wasn’t hard to imagine that many people had fancied her in school - but due to blue’s constant trips to detention, extend periods outside of class, plus the burgeoning truths he was realising about himself as he grew older and ( theoretically ) wiser by the day, he found conversations with the other so out of grasp that he... never tried. which, in hindsight, a terrible plan. however that was the thought process in fifteen year old blue’s mind. and, as it happened, twenty one year old blue’s mind too. nadia was headed down the hall in the very direction blue was walking, and he could already feel his skin blink in a fluorescent red as she grew near. panicked and wanting to do whatever to avoid the girl he’d embarrassed himself because of, he found himself trying to duck into the nearest classroom to escape - too bad someone was opening that very door in synchronicity with the blond’s actions, causing blue to smash his hand against the frame, and spilling onto the floor, landing right at nadia’s feet. holding his head in anguish, his features still crimson, blue bit his lip as he looked up at the familiar face. “is there any way that we can pretend you can’t see me and i’m the same colour as the floor ?”

#( blue ; converse ! )#( blue & nadia ! )#KJHFDJKGDF im soso sorry tihs is 100 years late omg #feel free not to reply or lmk if you want anything changed !! :~)

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vijaysharmagastrologistlive-blog · 6 years ago

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Benefits of storing important documents at free cloud space provided by karmaoncall healthcare platform.

There are many benefits of storing important documents at free cloud space provided by karmaoncall healthcare platform.

karmaoncall aka karma on call also offers easy entry into complex healthcare ecosystem.

Why is it called cloud storage?

We’ve all heard these words before: cloud storage. But most of us don’t fully understand what it is, or what it means. For starters, the word cloud, in the tech world, essentially means Internet. The reason why this name was adopted is because of how the Internet was usually represented in the past: a huge cloud of complex network connections.

What is cloud storage?

Now that we know the origins of the word cloud, we can move on to what the cloud actually is. For the sake of keeping things simple, think of the cloud as an external storage solution that allows you to save, share and view your documents online instead of on your personal hard drive.

But where is all this data being stored? Well, it’s not stored in thin air, that’s for sure. Depending on the cloud storage you’re using, your data will be stored in that corporation’s physical servers. Most of the time, these corporations have many servers that save your data in multiple locations, just in case.

What are the advantages of using cloud storage?

– You can access your files anytime, anywhere, on any device (desktop, laptop, smartphone, tablet). No need to transfer files onto USBs or email files to yourself;

– You can sync your files so all files will be up to date on all devices, all the time;

– You can collaborate on your files with your coworkers at work or with your teammates at school;

– You will save on personal storage space, which means your hard drive will be less cluttered and will perform better;

– You will save time since you don’t have to buy an external hard drive and manually back up all your files.

Cloud connectivity & integration

most cloud storage services are integrated directly within applications that you already use. Say you’re working on a Word document and you want to save a copy online. No problem! Microsoft Office has cloud storage integration that allows you to send your files to certain cloud storage services directly within the software.

Cloud services have geared up for being the most suitable option for storing data online digitally. The best thing about storing all the data in the cloud is that it ensures affordability and the data can be easily accessed from anywhere in the world.

there are many benefits of storing important documents with a click of mobile at secure reliable free cloud space provided by karmaoncall healthcare platform.

Usability And Accessibility of karmaoncall healthcare platform for saving important documents

It is easy to save all the files and data in the cloud, no technical knowledge is required for this purpose. The stored files can be easily accessed from anywhere in the world with just a few clicks and an internet connection.

Disaster Recovery through karmaoncall healthcare platform

It is recommended for every business to have a backup plan in case of any emergency. Afterall, losing important business data can cause huge losses to any business. Cloud storage is the perfect backup plan for the businesses. It creates a backup of the files stored. These files are stored at a remote location and they can be retrieved and accessed at any time.

Security of karmaoncall healthcare platform

Business owners can be sure that once the data is stored in the cloud, it is safe. The best thing about using cloud storage is that server data is distributed across redundant servers and the data stored in the cloud is safeguarded against any type of hardware failure. Cloud servers also provide automated backups and snapshots in order to make sure that your data is safe.

Cost Savings of karmaoncall healthcare platform for people

Businesses and organizations can reduce the annual operating costs by utilizing the cloud storage. Affordability can be ensured if data is stored online in the cloud. Users can ensure additional cost savings because internal power and resources are not required separately for storing the data.

Easy Sharing of karmaoncall healthcare platform data

Data stored in cloud storage can be easily shared with clients and colleagues in an easy and secure way.

Automation of karmaoncall healthcare platform

You simply have to select what you want to backup and when you want to backup and your cloud environment will take care of the rest.

Collaboration through karmaoncall healthcare platform

Online cloud storage is also an ideal platform for collaboration purposes. A cloud environment enables multiple people to access, edit and collaborate on a single file or document. People can access the cloud environment from anywhere in the world and collaborate in real time.

Scalable Service of karmaoncall healthcare platform, possibility of block chain technology connection with data stored in karmaoncall cloud

Cloud hosting enables vertical as well as horizontal scaling and the best thing about cloud hosting is that you only pay for the resources that you actually use. You can scale your cloud hosting environment whenever required and you can also define the attributes of scaling the cloud. This ensures more flexibility and a large storage space.

there possibility of block chain technology connection with data stored in karmaoncall cloud

Synchronisation of data saved at karma on call AKA karmaoncall healthcare platform cloud

While using a local file storage you can only access your data from a certain location. With cloud storage, the daily devices can be your access points like your PC and your smart phone. Accessing files and synchronizing them can be done easily with any device through an internet connection. Therefore, the stress of transferring the documents from one devise to another is reduced as it can get complicated at times. Moreover, the files stored in the cloud storage remain the same across all the devices and they can be automatically updated after making any changes. You can always view the latest version of the updated file through a cloud storage.

Convenience of karmaoncall cloud saved documents for users

The amount of convenience and peace of mind offered by cloud storage system is amazing! Even if you store data on transportable devices like external hard drives or flash drives, some kind of manual intervention and physical handling is required. The data that is stored in a cloud is backed up online and it can be accessed from anywhere. Information is automatically saved as it streams in. There is no need for you to save, label or track information. The convenience of online cloud storage enables you to completely concentrate on your work without getting stressed about data loss.

Anywhere File Access of

of karmaoncall saved documents

NextCloud storage offers file access anywhere there is Internet access. Given the inexorable trend of BYOD and the proliferation of mobile devices, this effectively means that workers need not see their productivity hit by an unnecessary trip back to the office for documents stored at an office computer.Paperless Office setup through karmaoncall healthcare platform cloud

Despite multiple proclamations about the paperless office over the years, most businesses have continued churning out paper documents at a prodigious rate. One of the inadvertent benefits of saving files in the cloud is its role in reducing the need for hard-copy printouts. After all, why even bother printing when employees can easily access the same documents on their laptops and tablets during meetings?

Conclusion:

Online cloud storage and backup is beneficial for all types of businesses. Cloud storage is a great platform that does not require any huge investment and it can be actively used for connecting and collaborating with clients and employees. If you opt for a cloud environment, you are entitled to supreme benefits like faster information deployment, less management and less supervision; thus you have more time to give for achieving your business goals.

#healthcare platform healthcare service platform #hospital #clinic #nursing home #lab.

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