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#its v much just dopamine seeking
bandofchimeras · 2 years
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rn i honestly do post looking for engagement/attention often & its that "sorry for posting so much i have no intimacy in my life" thing idk generally speaking, trying to say things to get people to talk to you leads to people not talking to you i think i need to lean more into using social media in a focused/curated way or at least not as a substitute for meeting basic human needs anymore bc that's technically an addiction
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The first thing you notice is the bite. It stings, throbs, bleeds. It's not a clean wound, not like a minor bite from a dog or cat. Not a few neat little punctures, or some gashes that would at least stitch up neatly. No. It's an ugly rip, the torn flesh from blunt teeth that are not and never were designed for biting. It's still startling how the human's muscles are powerful enough to bite through skin like that anyway. Strong enough to rip out a chunk, if you got snagged in a soft, tender place.
The next thing you notice is the infection. If you're lucky, you can use some precious water to wash off the bite and some gauze to wrap it, but most people aren't so lucky. Most have to rely on strips of acceptably dirty, sweaty fabric from old clothes, if they can even spare that much. Most don't want to "waste" a resource as precious as clean, drinkable water. So infection sets in fast and hard. Within a few days, your wound is a stinking, oozing mess. It's painful. Painful to look at, painful to touch, painful to move. It's swollen as your body desperately tries to fight the concoction of bacteria introduced from being bitten by a decomposing mouth. Then it itches. It itches madly. It itches so much you won't be able to sleep. It itches so bad that if you stop focusing on it, you'll find a surge of new pain as you've absently scratched it and started to bleed again, so you have to keep thinking about how badly you should never scratch the itch. Maybe you'll have a raw spot, where you've been tricking your mind into relief by scratching just above the wound. You might even have dug new cuts into your flesh, more wounds to host infection, more places to sting with pain. 
The itching is the virus taking hold, but you don't know that.
All you know is that you have a swollen, itchy, stinking bite. 
Next comes from the infection. You'll start to get a fever. Your bite will swell more, and feel hot. But mostly, you get a fever. Nobody feels good then. You'll switch between being far too hot to freezing cold, you'll sweat in a tank top in the middle of the night or you'll shiver under as many layers as you could possibly procure. You'll get nauseous, so you won't want to eat or drink, leading to more nausea as you dehydrate. As it progresses, you'll feel weaker. It might be harder to breathe normally, you might even feel your heart racing as you sit still. Even just a ten minute walk will exhaust you, but your group has to keep moving. As it goes on, you'll find it harder to keep your grasp on reality. The pain, the nausea, the smell, the weakness, it all blends into one as the virus takes its hold in your mind.
Oh, yeah. It's now when the virus kicks into action, having made it to your brain. Maybe you were taking care of yourself, and the infection actually hadn't gotten that bad through sheer luck and winning the biological lottery. But now the virus has made it to its destination. The first thing it does is impair your immune system. After all, it can't have you fighting it off. It doesn't want you healthy. If you're healthy, things get complicated. That natural system has to go, so away it goes. If you were sick, you'll suddenly find yourself getting sicker.
Next, it overrides your appetite. Maybe you were just craving crackers and water, maybe you didn't want anything, maybe you ate through the nausea just fine. It changes that. Subtly, day by day, it makes you feel hungrier and hungrier. The kind of hunger that sits in your belly and gnaws at your bones from the inside. It's also an unnatural craving for meat. Fresh meat, red, straight from the bone. Still warm, still flowing with life. You'll be able to smell your friends now, or the recent tracks of others if you're alone. Of course, you've always been able to smell them, but it got filed away into your subconscious. But now you're aware of it, because that virus tells you it's important. And they will smell decadent. 
It's all the virus, scrambling your neurons to connect hunger and appetite to humans instead of a plate of cookies, cake, fruit, veggies and juicy steak, mashed potatoes and meaty stew, anything you used to enjoy. It will change how you taste. Sweets will stick to your throat, bitters are more bitter, and if you're lucky to have a nice plate of steak, that fresh-grilled meat will taste rotten. What you crave is no longer any real sustenance, your mind has been altered. Now, you won't see a warm hand to hold, because the sight of bare, moving skin activates your salivary glands. The urge to sink your teeth into the soft flesh on a wrist or neck will be overwhelming in the blur of sickness from the infection. And if you do actually bite, especially if you taste blood, the virus will reward you. It'll flood your system with dopamine, and afterwards, for just a few moments, the edge of that hunger will release. It hopes you'll get addicted. It wants you to crave more biting, more flesh, because it feels right, because maybe, just maybe, if you eat enough the hunger will finally go away. 
Finally, it'll change your sense of fear as well. Dangerous situations that instinctively make humans nervous won't affect you. If anything, you'll crave the rush that deadly moments give you, the rush of feeling real and grounded in the midst of the foggy world from the mess in your system. Just fourteen days, and the virus is fully mature and ready to spread. Now, it needs you to die. So it makes you reckless. It does its best to turn a regular, self-preserving person into an actual train wreck. It will actually give you dopamine and serotonin when you get an injury, in a ratio equal to the wound. So, you'll die the happiest you could possibly be from something like a knife through the heart, or a shot through the gut. Some people are driven to jump from heights and impale themselves on something below, or even just hit the pavement and let themselves die wrapped in the gentle hands of joy. Some will just injure themselves, without the help of gravity. Some will aggressively antagonize other humans, hoping they'll eg them into a violent, deadly fight. But generally those people were already jerks in the first place.
Once you've died, however you died, the virus can take over. Because, this whole time, it wasn't really a virus. It was a worm, which starts so tiny you would never stand a chance of noticing it. Tinier even than those little red bugs you might see crawling over paper when you're out in the woods, so small that if you brush your hand over them they become nothing more than a smear of coppery brown. So small and fragile, they couldn't possibly survive outside of a host. But inside a host, they grow. They grow and grow, so thoroughly burying themselves in your brain they may as well have always been in it. When you die, they can finally take control of your muscles, no longer held back by the complexities of the human mind. This is why zombies shuffle and jerk around so awkwardly. They're merely puppets, meaty sacks of flesh controlled from inside by a worm that's found the strings. It knows just which ones to pull which way to make motion happen. It doesn't breathe, not really, all it might use is that sense of smell it learned while you were alive. It will use hearing, because those little organs in your ear won't stop feeling sound just because your body is dead. All those other systems aren't essential for a worm that's single purpose in life is now to find hosts for its own horrible offspring. Because that worm isn't alone. 
It's not one worm. It's dozens of them, all now breeding and gathering their safely hatched larvae on the cold teeth and tongue of the corpse within which they reside. And yes, they might have been able to spread before now, if your environment was just right to keep your mouth the right temperature for this breeding. Yes, you might have infected others while you still lived and breathed in your own skin.
You see, those adults can't reproduce at the natural body temperature of a human, let alone the temperatures they can reach during the height of a fever. So they need that host to die and cool off. It just takes a day. Just one day for enough eggs, enough larvae to let that monstrous parasite begin searching for a new host. Those larvae can't grow in the cold, decomposing bodies of the dead. Although, the adults are surprisingly resilient, uncharacteristically long-lived, for a parasite. And so, the zombie rises, shuffling after any hint of breathing humans to continue their cycle of life and death.
If you crack open a zombie's skull without blasting the contents within into oblivion, you might be able to find dozens of these foot-long worms wiggling in distaste at their unexpected situation.
Of course, all of this depends on the physical and mental toll that getting a severe infection does. Ideally, the parasite doesn't even get to the stage where it has to drive you to seek death, because septic shock has already come and destroyed you from the inside out. So, in theory, it is survivable. If you aren't wracked with sickness, if you have a strong will, you might be able to fight the parasites long enough for them to die. You might just be able to recover.
But that's never happened. Besides, would you even want to survive? How permanent, how treatable are the alterations these parasitic worms cause? No one knows.
Here it is, the zombie "virus" and how it works written in a weirdly disassociated perspective, specifically for the few bitten!hermit headcanons. Feel free to ask questions and write stories! Please tag me in them @basaltdragon, I wanna hear it all •v•
I'm sorry if this triggers anybody (including mod) in any way, it is... a Lot.
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Mac and Riley, Just Roommates
Chapter 2
Following Season 4, episode 9
Mac glared fixedly at the numbers again, scrawled in sequence in Russ’s penmanship. Not that he had required them written down. The sequence replays precisely, 44, 8, 2, 12, 11, 75, 7, 31, 51, 77, 2, 11, 38, 53, 51, 77, 2, 11. It was the final communication from Oversight, James Macgyver, his father, with the words “you’ve got that son?” tagged with intention on the end. 
To say that it had been the nastiest two weeks of his life, was well, a gross understatement. One Mac compared to the words written by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, proposing the double helical structure of DNA. Most famous among scientists for its coyness and underestimation and for the significance of its prediction. 
He experienced angst, Codex was real and still out there, his mom had been a DSX agent underwriting a dooms day project, he had a mysterious living aunt bent on murdering ¼ of the world’s population, his father, absent from most of his life was now permanently dead, and with the slam of a button he had chosen a husband and father to die to save a city. 
Elbows stationed on his work bench, Mac rested his hefty head in the palms of his hand. Then vehemently pushes himself back from the bench in a grunt of defeat, his metal stool clanging to the wood floor. He scowled at it, his chest expanding and contracting in patchy breaths. 
“You break it you buy it” Mac overhears alongside him.
Mac guardedly lifts his head, his stare in concentration on Riley’s face. She bestowed him a slight, but deliberate smile, just cresting at the corners of her lips. Mac knew that his hesitancy had been routed in fear, but he immediately treasured it was unnecessary with Riley. Bozer, Matty, Desi and Russ had come at him with sympathy, completely a fitting retort but regrettably not desired and hostile to the blocks of Jenga precariously towered around his emotions. Riley’s approach had mirrored Mac’s instinctive response. From the moment in the war room, in which Mac verbally acknowledging his father was dead  but had believed Mac to be the only one to stop Codex, Riley was steady with “so what are we doing now?” It should not have staggered him, Riley seemed a tuned to what he needed at any given moment, even when he himself was cluelessness. 
Riley sauntered in front of him, bending down to recover the lifeless stool. While doing so, she gives Mac clear vision of her well-proportioned backside. Mac experiences a piercing intake of breath, permitting his eyes to remain a fixed. He had unequivocally not forgotten their exchange that morning, just a few weeks ago, following the evening Riley had moved into his place. At least this reaction to a spectacular view, supported Mac in concluding that despite the trauma of the last weeks that he wasn’t completely dead inside. Overall, he had had zero time to scrutinize what had transpired previous between them.
Riley travels to the other side of the work bench. “Still working out what your dad was trying to communicate?” she questions. Mac nods in affirmation, his brows knit once again into a downward “v” and he repositions his worn-out body on the, now, upright stool opposite her. Mac then spits out the exact words he had used after the viewing his father’s abnormal farewell message, and while his computer famed out “so much for closure”… adding, “he just leaves me a puzzle”   
 “Hey Mac”, Riley starts gradually “I know that your dad often lacked in the father-like department.” Mac approves with a slight snort. “But he was always your dad. And as your dad he believed in you. Even in his last moment or message he trusted you to be the person to figure this out”, Riley pointed directly at the mess of numerals on the page. “You got this Mac” she whispers, the same line as she had stated previously and habitually, in his dire moments. Mac just continuous stares intently at Riley. Riley continues, “but Roomie, you have been at this for days, without sleep or food, you need a break, a distraction”. Mac immediately thinks to open his mouth to protest. Anticipating this Riley, leans gracefully across the work bench and places her index finger to his lips. “Trust me” she begs. 
Her finger was the only point of contact, but it was resting gently it was against Mac’ s lips. Riley was beyond the point of lying to herself, she had experienced agonizing day dreams about Mac’s mouth. Her point of connection registers for her the tiniest explanation of the texture which is warm and firm. Unhurriedly, she allows her finger to drop. Although very pleasing, she is criticizing her own activities given all Mac has experienced the past weeks, telling herself this maybe poor timing. 
Mac clears his voice, “What did you have in mind?”. Riley’s face lights up, as she hears a slight tease in his voice, and sees the smallest of childlike sparkle in his eyes.
“How about heading out, grabbing a slice at the arcade, let me school you again in Ski-ball” Riley jokes. “Davis, you may have schooled me once, but I will knock that Ski-ball crown off your pretty little head” he says in a challenging voice, he pauses “but not in the mood for crowds…”
“So then we’ll stay in… a binge watch of the Fringe?”, she queries. Riley is aware it is one of Mac’s beloved Sci-fi’s. Mac’s grin is genuine. Riley accepts this as confirmation she has nailed her suggestion. She erects her cell from her back pocket, starts dialing “Ill order a greasy wheel, you grab the bubbles”.  
Hours later, they make it to season 3 episode 3, Riley pauses the show seeking explanation, “wait didn’t Milo calculate that Olivia would die in the car chase? Mac nods in agreement, and casually states “spoiler alert, she is from the alternate cosmos, and Peter is going to bang her doppelganger”.  Riley had been mid-glup of her beer, his stark comment shocked her, resulting in the beer spraying from her lips. It covered the coffee table, floor and Mac. She covered her mouth in horror, as Mac’s eye brow’s raised. Unable to contain it, a boisterous laugh rippled from her chest, Mac joined in, his laugh equally animated. 
Riley stands, “I’ll case down a towel from the kitchen”. Mac stands as well, glazing down at the splattering across his t-shirt. Mac reaches his arm behind head to grab his shirt, he whips it off in one fluid motion, as Riley arrives directly in front of him. Riley stares hungrily at the expanse of Mac’s chest, her eyes drifting downward over his chiseled abs and navel sitting just above expertly hung jeans. Mac registers his reactions, feels his chest puff and Riley’s eyes searing a path of heat down his body. He watches as Riley lifts her hand holding a t-towel and touches it to his pectoral. Then the t-towel flitters to the ground. Riley’s finger tips, graze his scar at the top of his chest, he observers her unconsciously but greedily licks her lips. 
Mac starts reciting a few digits of Pi in an attempt to control his own physical reactions. He eyes grow wide as saucers as Riley leans forward to set her mouth to expanse she had been caressing. Her lips pleasantly sting his skin. Mac’s head falls back as a groan escapes. 
They both lift their heads, eyes locked together. In a flash motion, Mac reaches his hand to tangle in Riley hair. He aggressively pulls her face towards him, smashing their lips together. His body feels like an immovable mass, rooted in this position. Mac briefly registers the science behind kissing, his internal monologue acknowledging the field of philematology, the complicated study of kissing. Lips having more nerve ending that any other part of the human body, and when pressed against one another the brain goes into overdrive releasing oxycotin, dopamine and serotoin, direct to the pleasure center of the brain. Riley fragments her lips and sweeps her tongue past Mac’s teeth. This action obliterates every scientific explanation, all Mac could do now is sense and feel. Her cashmere lips continue to shove eagerly against his, while her tongue strokes his with skill. She tastes zesty, subtle notes of tomato sauce and pepperoni. He hears her make quiet mews of pleasure which go straight to his gut, and marks his own moan resonating in his head.  He feels a lust induced haze, anticipation, and desire.
Mac tugs away, only because he necessitates oxygen, his clutch remains impenetrable on the back of her neck. 
Probing her eyes, Mac is able to squeak out, “Riley where is this going?”
Riley smirks with sugar in her grin, “I was banking on your bedroom?”
Mac scenes fissures of electricity shoot into the room. He reaches down lifting Riley under the thighs to straddle his torso, effortlessly, like she is air.  Riley buries her hands in his thick locks messaging his scalp. He walks in long deliberate strides towards his room. He sinks them both, sitting evenly on the bed, Riley still straddling his hips. Hands decisively on his upper body, Riley leads Mac back to lay on the bed, looking at him like a cat downing a canary. It is like a black hole pulling him in, until his gravity is lost under her touch. His solid hands seek out Riley’s hips, fingers skating beneath the edging of her shirt and thumbs making spellbinding circles against her silky abdomen. The blood flowing through his body feels like a jackhammer, as he registers the slow growing tension against the fly of his jeans.  Riley trails him downward, inserting her hands either side of his head, she plasters hot kisses the apex of his erratic pulse and across foundation of his square jaw. 
Mac’s cell phone sings and vibrates from jean pocket muted under Riley’s thigh. The ring tone being “She’s the boss” Mick Jagger hit from 1985, which signals Mac is the Matty. He digs in his pants for the phone, “What is it?” Mac answers, clearly in frustration. Matti’s voices rings out, “Woah Blondie, a reminder of who you are talking too. Get your ass to the Phoenix, you are wheels up in 3, got a lead from the recovered data at the explosions site. “I’ll ring Riley and the rest of the team” Matty ends. Mac, lets out a ragged breath, “no need to call Riles, I will let her know.”
Riley hikes herself off Mac’s body to a standing position at the edge of the bed. Mac perceives that, like him, her breathing remains labored. He rises himself, planting his feet directly in her personal space. Gazing with promise in his voice “Riles, this is not over…”, Riley’s 110 watt smile radiates as she responds, “I’m counting on that boy wonder!”. She swaggers form his bedroom to get ready for the op, offering him a swift wink. 
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ireneatance-blog · 8 years
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“We are not hippies we are happies”
With these silly title I start this post :) hoping to make you smile and bring a bit of light into your week.
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Now let’s get serious...Yesterday was the International Happiness Day like every other 20th of March. The United Nations declared 20 March the International Day of Happiness to recognise the relevance of happiness and well-being as universal goals. UN offices organized a motivational talk by a company called Belab.
Belab is an Inspirational Leadership Center, which seeks to support people to reinvent themselves in their field of development through the discovery, activation and expansion of people's passions and abilities.I found the talk very interesting what drives me to do a bit more research to find out what happiness looks like from different angles.
What is happiness?
The ancient Greeks were among the first to explore the link between the physical body and our emotional responses. Happiness is like every other emotional experience, the result of electrochemical reactions in the brain brought on by stimuli. Without entering into much complexity,biology or chemistry ,I will present 4 chemicals that once released inside our body make us feel really good:) 
Dopamine,Seroronin, Oxytocin and Endorphin.In case you haven't seen yet ,there is a great video in youtube showing how a happy cell looks like (btw it is very cute) you can find it on this link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqYMSKo91eo  where the cute molecules of the protein myosin drag a ball of endorphins along an active filament into the inner part of the brain's parietal cortex, which produces feelings of happiness.
Although that is the scientific explanation ,other approaches biological, psychological, economic, religious and philosophical must be taken into consideration to have a broader perspective.The common denominator is that Happiness is a mental or emotional state of well-being and not always very easy to see or to define.
For example,there are plenty of studies backing up the idea that meditation has a positive impact in our health and well being.But why and how?are our cells so dependent on our state of mind or how we feel?
Whatever happiness is, we know that we want it!we could call it many other ways... and that is just somehow good. Lets dig a bit more on that...
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How can we measure happiness?
A 2012 review of more than 200 studies found a connection between happiness and its positive psychological attributes. It is really amazing the power of our brain and how it affects to our general health and well-being but how can we measure how happy we are?????
I found on Wikipedia that Psychologist Martin Seligman asserts that happiness is not solely derived from external, momentary pleasures, and he affirms that humans seem happiest when they have:Pleasure (tasty food, warm baths, etc.)Engagement (or flow, the absorption of an enjoyed yet challenging activity)Relationships (social ties have turned out to be extremely reliable indicator of happiness)Meaning (a perceived quest or belonging to something bigger),Accomplishments (having realized tangible goals).
Dr. Laura Kubzansky, Professor of Social and Behavioral Sciences and Director of the Society and Health Laboratory at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.Also she serves as co-Director of the Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness,has published many studies that connects happiness and health.For example some her publications : “The promise of well-being interventions for improving health risk behaviors” or “The prospective association between positive psychological well-being and diabetes” among others.I highly recommend you to look at this link where you will read about keys to a happier, healthier life :
 https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/magazine/happiness-stress-heart-disease/
The number of interesting journals and studies related to the topic are endless.
But how can be happiness measured?how well one likes the life one lives?
Apparently,the way to measure for research purposes, it is to ask the individual to give his or her opinion on one’s own happiness situation. The system is based in surveys either in face-to-face interviews or on questionnaires presented on the web.They measure the frequency where verbal and numerical scales are used.It can be measured in an individual or collective level.Others like : The Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS), The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) or the the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).
World Happiness report 2017
The first World Happiness Report was published in April, 2012, in support of the UN High Level Meeting on happiness and well-being. Since then there are annual publications that put in spot the happiest countries on earth.Latest ranking placed Norway as the happiest country in the world followed by Denmark ,Iceland and Switzerland.
Find more details here :
http://worldhappiness.report/ed/2017/
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The ranking is based on the following variables: happiness,GDP per capita ,social support , health and life expectancy, freedom to make life choices, generosity and perception of corruption.
Alright since we have some people in class from these “happy” countries ,will be great to know your opinion. I certainly find some aspects of these report superficial. For example if we look other indicators like suicide rates (info below from WHO )seems like in Europe people commit suicide more than in other regions around the world or if we look at the ranking in Europe ,Iceland is over the suicidal average in the region...I just leave it for your own judgement and opinion.
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How can I achieve happiness?
Although it is very personal,there are some patterns that can be followed.For example you can improve happiness by eating healthier, socializing more, meditating, giving more to others, etc.
Nevertheless, I am not an expert in the matter but I personally have experienced that when you get to know yourself ,when you listen to your body, and when give you space to reconnect whit nature and what matter in life, can have a powerful effects on your everyday.Also I found that having a purpose in life keeps you alive and moving. Some of us also believe that giving to others or trying to make a change in the world (one by one) is part of these process.
Love more,laugh more, enjoy more and specially whatever you go and you do , be present. We are surrounded by so many things that distract us from what matters.
I found in sports ,yoga and meditation a good way to relief worry and tension apart from keeping us active.There are studies linking yoga and meditation to mental health and well-being ,you can find in PubMed as usual.
I think will be interesting that new rankings could appear, instead to measure  the individual GDP ,they could focus on “Gross national happiness and health” of the population.
SOME FOODS THAT RAISE YOUR SEROTONIN:
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OTHER TIPS FOR YOUR EVERYDAY LIFE:
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I have read some great books that were very enlightening.If you are more curious about it ,I can send you some bibliography.Below you will read wise words from the book “The art of happiness” by Dalai Lama.
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With his wise and beautiful words I end my post.
Hope you enjoyed the post and that you always find your way to happiness.
xx
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modafinil0124 · 4 years
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The Best Side of modalert
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horsebitesfence · 5 years
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On Chronophobia and ADHD – RB with Hestia Peppe
RB: hey, i think i just self-diagnosed with ADHD, am i right in thinking that's something you know about? would welcome any recs you might have for reading/resources
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RB: (it would explain so muchhhh)
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RB: (also wondering about the rel between ADHD and trauma)
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HP: Oooh yes! ADHD is definitely the errr paradigm I am working with right now if that's a way to think about it.
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HP: I am actually amazed by how practically useful it has been to think in these terms.
But I will say in terms of research/resources stuff is thin on the ground and mixed up with a lot of neurocognitive research which i find quite dodgy in places, not to mention the (very american) pharmaceutical agenda.The best stuff i found has been self advocacy descriptive personal account stuff, and that has been very much a process of reading between the lines.
Basically, people with ADHD tend to at least appear quite ‘high functioning’ (not an ideal phrase because hierarchies) so go undetected often, and then its very very stigmatised, i would say, in that often symptoms or traits are judged in moral terms. The most important sort of secondary ideas i have found are about Rejection Sensitivity Dysphoria, and anxiety as a hugely comorbid secondary issue which is more likely to be treated than the ADHD itself.
The relationship to discipline and goal-setting is formative, as is chronophobia or a traumatised relation to time, and sometimes memory. The neurocognitive hypothesis is that it’s a problem in the dopamine cycle, so process is more fulfilling than completion of work; but i am super skeptical about neurotransmitter theories.
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HP: As far as its relation to trauma goes, i would say it probably renders us more vulnerable to CPTSD. Lack of diagnosis or 'management' of ADHD leads to problematic coping mechanisms, leading possibly to abusive or addictive behaviours or on the other end vulnerability from a lack of or funky interpersonal boundaries. But whether anything is causal/symptomatic or comorbid seems always particularly hard to tell with ADHD, partly because of the non-typical relation to time.
HP: The neurocognitive hypothesis is that it’s a problem in the dopamine cycle, so [that] process is more fulfilling than completion of work, but i am super skeptical about neurotransmitter theories.
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HP: On the plus side, [my] university and NHS [practitioners] have both been really encouraging about seeking help for it and getting a psychiatric diagnosis, which i am interested in, tho will no doubt have its downsides.
Most important, i think, is that mental health problems are treated in the context of ADHD as a constitution, rather than [in isolation], and i think that would go for trauma stuff too. Apparently ADHD folks have less success with SSRIs than others.
I think a body focused/somatic approach [is] v. v. productive, for both ADHD and trauma.
Rejection Sensitivity Dysphoria [also] seems key. It’s the idea that the emotional impact of rejection is almost irrationally high in many ADHD folks, but [then again] this may be a traumatised relation from the stigma of ADHD, and literally being reprimanded more often than neurotypical folks, rather than being an essential difference. So if there's an interaction with trauma specific to ADHD it might be related to emotional response to external stimuli being higher.
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RB: gosh, yea.
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HP: Sorry so much.
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RB:  Wondering how receptive my gp would be to my requesting an adult diagnosis
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HP: My GP was like ‘yes, will refer u immediately’, but that’s with a recommendation from an Ed Psych which uni paid for. *UPDATE: NHS maybe aren’t doing this as quickly as i thought, so it remains to be seen if they follow through; and university seems to just be sending me through as many hoops as possible, lots of assessments, minimal support systems.
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RB: ok
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RB:  i saw this on Twitter – ‘ADHD Explained Using Comics’ by Dani Donovan,1
and, like, so much of it is me. ,2So much. idk what chronophobia is but def. have weird relationship with time. Very weird.
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HP:  I have sort of made up chronophobia but am sure its a thing.
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RB: 'comorbidity'
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RB:  i feel lost in time.
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HP: It seems to me the best stuff around is DIY stuff exactly like the comics u link to
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RB: also – trouble starting anything; trouble finishing without hard external deadlines – so me.
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RB: why i never write
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HP:  I think these are like the defining traits tbh
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RB: even tho i want/need to be writing
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RB: + procrastinating
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HP:  Comorbidity is the creepiest word
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RB: as described ^^
HP:  Same!
RB: do u medicate for it, may i ask? seems like mindfulness / meditation cld really be helpful
RB:  i had an insane year on citalopram
HP: In America they see it as essential to medicate for it from a v early age but i am like v v v skeptical
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RB: sertraline seemed better
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HP:  I took Prozac for 5 years; it didn’t do much except make me sleepy and a bit ok with shit life, but for ADHD it’s Ritalin or Vyvanse, so treatment with low constant dose of stimulants (*sometimes also something called dopamine blockers, but I don't know the details).
RB: ok; so, like coffee? just on my risky 2nd cup.
HP:  I dont myself want this prescription.
HP:  Am sure mindfulness etc v. good, but i do think body-focused methods best.
RB: ok
HP: I read this Twitter by Erynn Brook (sp?), and she advocates meds but also talks a lot about building in good coping mechanisms like how you organise yrsrlf in space/time in ways that work for u.
RB: yea; more interested in strategy
HP: So yeah strategy v. key.
RB: hey thanks so much, also in as much as i may unconsciously have posited u as gatekeeper. couldn’t have hoped for a more helpful reply.
HP: No worries! It’s good talking to other people about it cos the grand narrative of it is well shaky
HP: One thing i have worked out is that it’s all just emerging now so u can’t really gatekeep it, thank fuck. Glad to be helpful always. Check out Erynn Brook and remember being kind to yourself cos probably u havent been being if u just got to this point.
[time passes]
RB: hey, i'd really like to hear a bit more about your thinking on chronophobia;
it stayed with me as a strong motif.  felt so 'full' when you said it it took me a while to realise i hadn't asked u to describe it.
HP: Yes I would love to see you and talk about all this stuff. I have thoughts tjoughts thought ... Google searching ‘Chronophobia’ brings up this book from MIT about art in the 60s:
https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/chronophobia. It appears to be also a term in use in psychology/self help; is in wiktionary, and appears to mean the obvious: fear of the passing of time. Associations with incarcerated people, particularly, suffering from it and also anyone suffering from heightened stress and anxiety. Searching chronophobia + ADHD, there are plenty of hits, so, again, this seems a well-made connection. I’m also thinking about ‘Chrononormativity’, an idea i was first introduced to by my friend Helen Stuhr Rommereim, and which I think she gets from Elizabeth Freeman (possibly via Lauren Berlant), in relation to ‘queer time’ or a failure to achieve normative milestones in the time allotted, such as maturity, childbearing, marriage. Her paper on this is included in the documentation of a conference about Chris Kraus we both attended in 2013, which is where we met as we were on the same panel. 3
HP: Context in my work right now – all of this to do with ideas about speculation, past/present/future, chance/fate, resistance to goal/plan/target, not knowing what to do.
I’m currently doing some early/cursory research into the mythology of the fates (Ancient Greek and other cultures) as spinners, and thread as line; trying to parse linearity and how it might or might not relate to neurodivergence/neurotypicality. I like lines as a way of following or tracing, and also drawing as well as writing –thinking a lot about the work of Renee Gladman, who is interested in architecture and fiction (prose architectures), and works with drawing and writing and the relation between the two – so, also automatic and asemic writing. I also think a lot about Ariadne’s red thread in the labyrinth, and now that i am trying to learn to spin, how all threads are made of many tiny ones. This trying to spin has grown out of an old durational performance work i have done for years – so, durational performance, as a form, is part of this, maybe, for me. I always like the durational form, as it is more about setting up boundaries in space and then letting time happen than [it is about] existing in linear time. Chronophobia as anxiety about mortality, and control, or volition/agency; or the trace of subjectivity in the world (cf maybe tim ingold). Also, there are two types of time in the classical sense: Kairos (the now) and Chronos (history), or something like that.  None of this is fact-checked, I must say.Tarot cards relating to time are: wheel of fortune, temperance, death, the hanged man.
HP: Not sure i am doing this right, but thought some context to the earlier conversation might be useful for orientation, at the same time as thinking about my own self-diagnosis of ADHD and how it relates to knowledge and action and intention and access. Not sure if you saw this on my Twitter, but I thought it was a very good overview of neurodiversity discourse as it stands: https://www.janinebooth.com/content/two-and-half-cheers-neurodiversity
RB: Thanks. You’re doing this very right, I’d say.  Like somewhere back in the transcript there is a ‘gosh, yea’ of mine which stands in as a marker for the point at which my mind was blown, began to make new neural connections, bathed in a sort of speechless radiant awe for what you said; and this feels the same only more so, galaxy brain in mandelbrot – only grounded in and by your efforts to verbalise it and connect it with your work and that of others. That this is what you’re working on for your doctorate – I am awed and excited to know it. I would really like to be present when you perform.  I’m really impressed by your articulation. I feel such a relieved shock of recognition for chronophobia as you describe it, as something I had begun to acknowledge and articulate internally, but never outside myself, verbally or otherwise; nor had any inkling that it might be tangled up with ADHD ... nor that it is something other people experience or know about, nor that you are working on it in this profound way. I feel less alone and am honoured that you shared this here with us.
RB: Also – ehheh!  I saw today that we both liked this tweet
RB: Another highlight, for me, of today’s feed –
RB: I’m always keen for writers’ writing on technique, scanning in case I find a key there to my own outward articulacy and/or the means to vanquish distraction/avoidance. Just remembered when the poet Lucy Mercer said to me that as a writer, I’m a weaver. I was happy with that then and I am happy with it here, in this context. 4
HP: Hey! This is all so kind of you to say I am sort of overwhelmed. I can't believe i have even been paid for this already, so shout out to that. I made up chronophobia because  i wanted a way to describe my fear of time. I dont think it was really to talk to anyone else about it. I looked it up afterwards when I mentioned it to you I guess i have really let you have it with the inner monologue. I looked it up after I mentioned it to you. I figured that this had, you know, happened before, that other people would already be using this word. And they are. As a sort of intra-post-script, it is important to say that in terms of ADHD I came to this knowledge or understanding after like 12 years working as a private tutor, and without the students I worked with in that time I don’t see how I would have got to this articulation, so immense gratitude and respect to them for the thinking we did together about how thinking and learning work for different people.
HP: I was going to email you and ask for a deadline today but in the end i didn't write any emails because i was just spinning yarn on the wheel. It’s an amazing process learning to do it. Like a truly never-has-to-end embodied action. I think it could be the best way to replace some obsessive Twitter scrolling. My dad totally gets it. He says singing while spinning, that's the thing, he's heard. I learnt how to learn things from him mostly. I think maybe both my folks have ADHD. It’s supposed to be super heritable.
HP: My mum's a doctor. That's maybe where I get the cavalier attitude to discussing stuff like this you are supposed to be an expert to be allowed to think about. I am absolutely not an expert except perhaps of my own experience. Which this is, but but i push it, i know that. tho I don’t want the meds, I absolutely want to stress i am not like totally against meds. Chemicals are fine and good. Like coffee or you know whatever works. I am just in favour of people being given the best possible understanding of any treatment they undergo. I feel like i wanna unwind my own coping mechanisms like manually. Maybe that's a perk of late diagnosis – for me, anyway.
HP: I have to stop now. I am in a park and it’s dark now. I was sitting in the park cos i was an hour early to get a lift from my friend because i was so worried about being late. It’s perfect timing though. If you like sitting in parks watching orange street-lamps through blossom as if they are the sunset like some kinda shook moth. Which I do. And then type super fast into a phone cos you know someone asked.
HP: Thanks xx
RB: <3
RB: Thank you
1 –   https://Twitter.com/danidonovan/status/1100414551932030984
2
3 (http://www.metamute.org/editorial/books/you-must-make-your-death-public-collection-texts-and-media-work-chris-kraus )
4 mercer | ˈməːsə | noun British, chiefly historical a dealer in textile fabrics, especially silks, velvets, and other fine materials. (Oxford English Dictionary Version 2.3.0 (203.16.12))
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lauramalchowblog · 5 years
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When Does Fasting Cross the Line?
A little while back, Mark posted an article about 14 scenarios in which intermittent fasting (IF) might be just the ticket. We got some requests for a follow-up about times when IF might not be advised.
Mark has already written about cautions for women and athletes specifically. I’ll link those at the bottom. More generally, it’s important that anyone considering IF make sure that they are in a good place physically and mentally to handle the additional stress of IF.
As Mark said:
If you haven’t satisfied the usual IF “pre-reqs,” like being fat-adapted, getting good and sufficient sleep, minimizing or mitigating stress, and exercising well (not too much and not too little), you should not fast. These pre-reqs are absolutely crucial and non-negotiable, in my opinion—especially the fat-adaptation. In fact, I suspect that if an IF study was performed on sugar-burning women versus fat-adapted women, you’d see that the fat-burning beasts would perform better and suffer fewer (if any) maladaptations.
Fasting is generally healthy when done properly. The same goes for exercise and carb restriction. These behaviors help many people; but they can also be unhealthy for certain people or when used too much or in the wrong circumstances.
Today I’d like to wade into potentially controversial waters and talk about when fasting potentially crosses the line into disordered eating territory.
Before You Get Defensive…
If you find yourself feeling defensive already because you enjoy fasting and think that I’m going to suggest that you have a problem, please hold off commenting until the end.
To be clear: I do not think that fasting is inherently disordered. However, its popularity has skyrocketed so rapidly, and its proponents are so enthusiastic, that the potential downsides have been overshadowed. Actually, that’s not entirely fair. I have seen plenty of people in mental health and disordered eating circles voice concerns. The ancestral community tends to be very rah-rah about fasting.
The goal for today is to shine a light on this issue so that we don’t go into fasting with a blind spot.
Eating Disorders vs. Disordered Eating
The prevalence of full-blown eating disorders (ED) is fairly low according to NEDA, the National Eating Disorders Association. Experts believe biological and/or psychological predispositions make certain individuals vulnerable. These predispositions probably interact with environmental factors to trigger ED.
That said, many more people engage in disordered eating behaviors. The behaviors and their effects are not problematic enough to qualify for diagnosis with ED, but they still negatively affect physical and/or mental health and quality of life. Depending on their severity, they might be considered suboptimal to truly unhealthy.
Before going any further, let me be clear: I’m not in any way trying to diagnose readers with ED or disordered eating. That is way beyond my pay grade. Nor should you self-diagnose. If you want to learn more or get help, the best place to start is with NEDA’s Help & Support center. They have an online screening tool and a helpline there.
As I said, I don’t think fasting is inherently bad. However, NEDA lists fasting among the behaviors that can be indicative of ED. Of course, professionals in the ED and mental health worlds are looking at fasting through the lens of restricting and exercising tight control over food intake. We in the ancestral health space tend to look at it through the lens of optimizing health.
Neither perspective is more correct. It’s all about context:
why you’re fasting,
how fasting makes you feel physically and mentally,
whether it takes over your life,
if you are using it in a way that is actually undermining your health,
whether you are taking it “too far” (admittedly a nebulous metric)
As with so many things, deciding if you’ve crossed the line is highly personal. This applies to much more than food. When does worry become anxiety? When does fear become a phobia?
One criteria might be whether fasting causes you distress. Another is whether it interferes with your quality of life, social relationships, and work. This is called the criteria of clinical significance in the DSM-V, the diagnostic tool used by mental health professionals.
It’s often apparent, though not always easy to accept, when a behavior is no longer serving us. Unfortunately, though, it’s not always that simple. When it comes to fasting, it can cross over into problematic territory and still feel good.
Wouldn’t I Know If My Fasting Regime Was Too Much?
Maybe, maybe not. Restricting calories and fasting can lead to elevated mood, increased energy and motivation, and even feelings of euphoria. (Fasting that doesn’t result in a caloric deficit might be less prone to this.)
There are physiological reasons why this might be the case. First, scientists hypothesize that this is an adaptive response. If you were truly starving, this increased energy, drive, and focus would help you redouble your efforts to find food.
There is also some evidence that food restriction affects serotonin and dopamine pathways and can, for some individuals, reduce anxiety. Researchers believe that this is one way anorexic behaviors are reinforced in the brain. Again, fasting and anorexia nervosa are NOT the same animal, but they can share common features. The “high” associated with anorexia nervosa sounds not unlike the profound energy and cognitive benefits that some people report with fasting.
All this is to say, food restriction can feel good. For some people—or more accurately, for some brains—the withholding of food becomes inherently rewarding. In that case, you wouldn’t necessarily recognize when enough is enough.
How Do You Know If You’ve Crossed the Line?
I’m not going to be able to provide a definitive answer here. That said, these seem like potential red flags:
Fasting makes you feel euphoric. That doesn’t necessarily mean it’s harmful by any means. Still, take a step back and evaluate whether you are always making healthy choices.
Your fasting regimen causes distress or significantly interferes with your life.
You feel like you have to fast or something bad will happen.
When you eat after a fast, you feel out of control with your food intake or binge.
You’re ignoring symptoms that might be related to too much fasting: adrenal or thyroid issues, fatigue, hair loss, weakness or inability to perform usual workouts, sleep disturbances, too much weight loss, etc.
Again, I am in no way diagnosing anyone here. If you think that perhaps your behavior has crossed into unhealthy territory, you should seek the counsel of someone trained in these issues.
The Bottom Line
Fasting, though it confers certain health benefits, is not good for every person. Experts recommend that individuals at risk for developing ED or with a history of ED refrain from fasting, including intermittent fasting, altogether. Even if you don’t think you’re at risk, it still might not be in your best interest.
Because fasting is so popular right now, some people think they have to fast for optimal health. They worry that they are missing out on tremendous health benefits if they can’t or don’t want to fast. The main reasons people fast are autophagy, glycemic control, and fat loss. You can achieve all of those goals through means other than fasting.
Remember, too, that you need not rigidly adhere to the same eating window every single day. It is fine to fast stochastically, to borrow from Paleo OG Art De Vany. You might also consider doing one longer fast a few times per year instead of daily intermittent fasting.
In any case, if fasting is wrong for you, it’s wrong for you, period. It doesn’t really matter if your neighbor loves it or the lady in the next cubicle lost 60 pounds with IF. If it negatively impacts your physical and/or mental well-being, it’s not worth it.
And in case this isn’t perfectly clear: Enjoying fasting DOES NOT MEAN that you are doing anything wrong. On the contrary, I hope you are enjoying fasting if it’s a tool you’re using regularly. Feeling great is the goal. If it’s not negatively affecting your physical health, psychological well-being, or social relationships, it’s not problematic. Likewise, if you are consuming enough calories when you do eat, and you’re able to be flexible with your fasting schedule when the situation calls for it, you likely don’t have to worry.
This issue can be hard to talk about because so many people feel passionately about defending their way of eating. Those who question whether fasting is always healthy, or who point out that a desire to eat healthfully can sometimes slip into orthorexia, are accused of “fit shaming.”
However, not talking about it isn’t the answer. Our goal should be to bring these issues into the light and try to better understand them. Then we can make informed decisions about which behaviors best serve us now and in the future.
  Related Posts from MDA
Intermittent Fasting for Women: What We Know Now
Dear Mark: More on Women and Fasting
Intermittent Fasting For Athletes: Benefits and Concerns
12 Intermittent Fasting Tips for Athletes
Fasting versus Carb Restriction: Which Works Better for What Scenarios
  References
Kaye, WH, Fudge, JL, Paulus, M. New insights into symptoms and neurocircuit function of anorexia nervosa. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009;10: 573–584. 
Kaye WH, Wierenga CE, Bailer UF, Simmons AN, Bischoff-Grethe A. Nothing tastes as good as skinny feels: the neurobiology of anorexia nervosa. Trends Neurosci. 2013 Feb;36(2):110-20. 
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jesseneufeld · 5 years
Text
When Does Fasting Cross the Line?
A little while back, Mark posted an article about 14 scenarios in which intermittent fasting (IF) might be just the ticket. We got some requests for a follow-up about times when IF might not be advised.
Mark has already written about cautions for women and athletes specifically. I’ll link those at the bottom. More generally, it’s important that anyone considering IF make sure that they are in a good place physically and mentally to handle the additional stress of IF.
As Mark said:
If you haven’t satisfied the usual IF “pre-reqs,” like being fat-adapted, getting good and sufficient sleep, minimizing or mitigating stress, and exercising well (not too much and not too little), you should not fast. These pre-reqs are absolutely crucial and non-negotiable, in my opinion—especially the fat-adaptation. In fact, I suspect that if an IF study was performed on sugar-burning women versus fat-adapted women, you’d see that the fat-burning beasts would perform better and suffer fewer (if any) maladaptations.
Fasting is generally healthy when done properly. The same goes for exercise and carb restriction. These behaviors help many people; but they can also be unhealthy for certain people or when used too much or in the wrong circumstances.
Today I’d like to wade into potentially controversial waters and talk about when fasting potentially crosses the line into disordered eating territory.
Before You Get Defensive…
If you find yourself feeling defensive already because you enjoy fasting and think that I’m going to suggest that you have a problem, please hold off commenting until the end.
To be clear: I do not think that fasting is inherently disordered. However, its popularity has skyrocketed so rapidly, and its proponents are so enthusiastic, that the potential downsides have been overshadowed. Actually, that’s not entirely fair. I have seen plenty of people in mental health and disordered eating circles voice concerns. The ancestral community tends to be very rah-rah about fasting.
The goal for today is to shine a light on this issue so that we don’t go into fasting with a blind spot.
Eating Disorders vs. Disordered Eating
The prevalence of full-blown eating disorders (ED) is fairly low according to NEDA, the National Eating Disorders Association. Experts believe biological and/or psychological predispositions make certain individuals vulnerable. These predispositions probably interact with environmental factors to trigger ED.
That said, many more people engage in disordered eating behaviors. The behaviors and their effects are not problematic enough to qualify for diagnosis with ED, but they still negatively affect physical and/or mental health and quality of life. Depending on their severity, they might be considered suboptimal to truly unhealthy.
Before going any further, let me be clear: I’m not in any way trying to diagnose readers with ED or disordered eating. That is way beyond my pay grade. Nor should you self-diagnose. If you want to learn more or get help, the best place to start is with NEDA’s Help & Support center. They have an online screening tool and a helpline there.
As I said, I don’t think fasting is inherently bad. However, NEDA lists fasting among the behaviors that can be indicative of ED. Of course, professionals in the ED and mental health worlds are looking at fasting through the lens of restricting and exercising tight control over food intake. We in the ancestral health space tend to look at it through the lens of optimizing health.
Neither perspective is more correct. It’s all about context:
why you’re fasting,
how fasting makes you feel physically and mentally,
whether it takes over your life,
if you are using it in a way that is actually undermining your health,
whether you are taking it “too far” (admittedly a nebulous metric)
As with so many things, deciding if you’ve crossed the line is highly personal. This applies to much more than food. When does worry become anxiety? When does fear become a phobia?
One criteria might be whether fasting causes you distress. Another is whether it interferes with your quality of life, social relationships, and work. This is called the criteria of clinical significance in the DSM-V, the diagnostic tool used by mental health professionals.
It’s often apparent, though not always easy to accept, when a behavior is no longer serving us. Unfortunately, though, it’s not always that simple. When it comes to fasting, it can cross over into problematic territory and still feel good.
Wouldn’t I Know If My Fasting Regime Was Too Much?
Maybe, maybe not. Restricting calories and fasting can lead to elevated mood, increased energy and motivation, and even feelings of euphoria. (Fasting that doesn’t result in a caloric deficit might be less prone to this.)
There are physiological reasons why this might be the case. First, scientists hypothesize that this is an adaptive response. If you were truly starving, this increased energy, drive, and focus would help you redouble your efforts to find food.
There is also some evidence that food restriction affects serotonin and dopamine pathways and can, for some individuals, reduce anxiety. Researchers believe that this is one way anorexic behaviors are reinforced in the brain. Again, fasting and anorexia nervosa are NOT the same animal, but they can share common features. The “high” associated with anorexia nervosa sounds not unlike the profound energy and cognitive benefits that some people report with fasting.
All this is to say, food restriction can feel good. For some people—or more accurately, for some brains—the withholding of food becomes inherently rewarding. In that case, you wouldn’t necessarily recognize when enough is enough.
How Do You Know If You’ve Crossed the Line?
I’m not going to be able to provide a definitive answer here. That said, these seem like potential red flags:
Fasting makes you feel euphoric. That doesn’t necessarily mean it’s harmful by any means. Still, take a step back and evaluate whether you are always making healthy choices.
Your fasting regimen causes distress or significantly interferes with your life.
You feel like you have to fast or something bad will happen.
When you eat after a fast, you feel out of control with your food intake or binge.
You’re ignoring symptoms that might be related to too much fasting: adrenal or thyroid issues, fatigue, hair loss, weakness or inability to perform usual workouts, sleep disturbances, too much weight loss, etc.
Again, I am in no way diagnosing anyone here. If you think that perhaps your behavior has crossed into unhealthy territory, you should seek the counsel of someone trained in these issues.
The Bottom Line
Fasting, though it confers certain health benefits, is not good for every person. Experts recommend that individuals at risk for developing ED or with a history of ED refrain from fasting, including intermittent fasting, altogether. Even if you don’t think you’re at risk, it still might not be in your best interest.
Because fasting is so popular right now, some people think they have to fast for optimal health. They worry that they are missing out on tremendous health benefits if they can’t or don’t want to fast. The main reasons people fast are autophagy, glycemic control, and fat loss. You can achieve all of those goals through means other than fasting.
Remember, too, that you need not rigidly adhere to the same eating window every single day. It is fine to fast stochastically, to borrow from Paleo OG Art De Vany. You might also consider doing one longer fast a few times per year instead of daily intermittent fasting.
In any case, if fasting is wrong for you, it’s wrong for you, period. It doesn’t really matter if your neighbor loves it or the lady in the next cubicle lost 60 pounds with IF. If it negatively impacts your physical and/or mental well-being, it’s not worth it.
And in case this isn’t perfectly clear: Enjoying fasting DOES NOT MEAN that you are doing anything wrong. On the contrary, I hope you are enjoying fasting if it’s a tool you’re using regularly. Feeling great is the goal. If it’s not negatively affecting your physical health, psychological well-being, or social relationships, it’s not problematic. Likewise, if you are consuming enough calories when you do eat, and you’re able to be flexible with your fasting schedule when the situation calls for it, you likely don’t have to worry.
This issue can be hard to talk about because so many people feel passionately about defending their way of eating. Those who question whether fasting is always healthy, or who point out that a desire to eat healthfully can sometimes slip into orthorexia, are accused of “fit shaming.”
However, not talking about it isn’t the answer. Our goal should be to bring these issues into the light and try to better understand them. Then we can make informed decisions about which behaviors best serve us now and in the future.
  Related Posts from MDA
Intermittent Fasting for Women: What We Know Now
Dear Mark: More on Women and Fasting
Intermittent Fasting For Athletes: Benefits and Concerns
12 Intermittent Fasting Tips for Athletes
Fasting versus Carb Restriction: Which Works Better for What Scenarios
  References
Kaye, WH, Fudge, JL, Paulus, M. New insights into symptoms and neurocircuit function of anorexia nervosa. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009;10: 573–584. 
Kaye WH, Wierenga CE, Bailer UF, Simmons AN, Bischoff-Grethe A. Nothing tastes as good as skinny feels: the neurobiology of anorexia nervosa. Trends Neurosci. 2013 Feb;36(2):110-20. 
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jerrytackettca · 6 years
Text
The Science of Emotional Eating and Food Addiction
Emotional eating and food addiction are very real problems, and the former can easily lead to the latter. While emotional eating is a universal phenomenon and won’t do any significant harm in the short term, if you find yourself reaching for comfort foods on a regular basis, it can lead to significant problems, both physical and psychological.
Physically, emotional eating can lead to obesity and related health problems, and psychologically, it may delay or prevent you from addressing your true emotions and sources of stress. As clinical psychologist Susan Albers told Huffington Post, “ … [E]ating to avoid facing feelings is like putting a ‘Band-Aid on a broken arm.’”1
The Chemicals Involved in Emotional Eating
Your emotions and food intake both result in a cascade of biochemical reactions, and these chemicals can have a potent effect. As explained in Dr. Pamela Peeke’s book, “The Hunger Fix: The Three-Stage Detox and Recovery Plan for Overeating and Food Addiction,” the neurotransmitter dopamine is a critical player in all forms of addiction, including food addiction.
The stress hormone cortisol and the neurotransmitter serotonin also play important roles. As reported by the Huffington Post:2
“Cortisol is our main stress hormone, triggering our fight-or-flight instinct. It also regulates how our bodies use carbohydrates, fats and proteins. So if we’re stressed or anxious and cortisol kicks in, that can make us want to carbo-load.
‘When we’re stressed, our bodies are flooded in cortisol,’ said … Albers. ‘That makes us crave sugary, fatty, salty foods.’ Then there’s dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with learning about rewards. It kicks into gear at the promise that something positive is about to happen, like eating a food you love.
The comfort foods we turn to because they taste so good give us a surge of dopamine, Albers said, and we look for that high again and again … And let’s not forget serotonin, aka “the happy chemical” … serotonin itself isn’t in food — but tryptophan, an amino acid necessary to produce serotonin, is.
Famously associated with turkey, tryptophan is also found in cheese … Carbs can also boost serotonin levels, which can improve your mood, and chocolate, too, is linked to a serotonin spike.”
Comfort Foods Lower Cortisol Levels in Highly Stressed Individuals
According to the experts on eating disorders interviewed by Huffington Post, emotional eating is primarily triggered by stress and boredom. Essentially, the act of eating “gives us something to do. It fills our time, gives us a way to procrastinate,” Albers says.
Research3 published in the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology in 2011 confirms the stress-reducing influence of comfort foods, showing that calorie-dense foods trigger the accumulation of mesenteric fat — a main contributor to abdominal obesity — which inhibits hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity.
The HPA axis is your primary stress response system that links your central nervous system and endocrine system together.4 According to the researchers, “long-term adaptation to chronic stress in the face of dense calories result in greater visceral fat accumulation (via ingestion of calorie-dense food), which in turn modulates HPA axis response, resulting in lower cortisol levels.”
Put another way, eating a lot of comfort food lowers your stress response. Unfortunately, it also leads to unhealthy fat accumulation. If you’re like most, you don’t reach for apples or carrots when in a funk. Comfort foods by and large tend to be unhealthy, with cake, cookies, ice cream and chips being among the more common.
Food Versus Feelings
Over time, eating becomes associated with emotional relief; it’s a way to temporarily distance yourself from emotional discomfort and dampen your experience of stress. Karen R. Koenig, a licensed clinical social worker and expert on eating psychology told Huffington Post:5
“There’s conscious and unconscious emotional discomfort. Sometimes we know [what we’re feeling], sometimes we don’t — we just feel uneasy or not happy, and we don’t deal with that. Instead, we just eat.
Then we get what we know we’ll have: shame, remorse, regret. We trade in the first discomfort, which is maybe unfamiliar and something we’re more frightened of, for the familiar feelings that come after emotional eating.”
Comfort Foods Are Associated With Positive Memories
An interesting study published in 20156 found that people reach for comfort foods when they feel isolated in some way, because the food in question reminds them of a strong emotional relationship they once had. Highlights from this study include the findings that:
Comfort food is associated with relationships (it has “social utility”)
Feeling isolated predicted how much people enjoy comfort food
Threatened belonging led those with secure attachment7 to enjoy comfort food more
Here, a group of undergraduate students at the State University of New York at Buffalo were asked to recall a time when a close relationship was under threat, or a moment when they felt alienated and alone. Another group was not given this instruction.
Afterward, the group that was instructed to think back on an emotionally stressful time were found to be more likely to eat comfort foods, and they rated the tastiness of those foods higher than the group that were not eating to dampen their emotions. Huffington Post notes:8
“Think about all the happy and comforting memories you have involving food. Maybe your family used to celebrate occasions with a trip to the ice cream shop, or maybe your mom or dad used to soften the blow of a bad day with macaroni and cheese. When you’re feeling rejected or anxious today, eating one of those foods is an instant connection to that soothing time.”
How to Separate Your Emotions From Your Eating
If emotional eating strikes now and then, it probably will not cause you any harm. The real danger lies in chronic emotional eating, which can undermine your health and emotional well-being. So, what can you do? According to the experts interviewed by Huffington Post, it’s important to separate your emotions from your food intake. Huffington Post writes:
“To start with, we have to remember food’s true purpose — to nourish us. In fact, Koenig suggests that the term ‘comfort food’ itself could be part of the problem. ‘A misleading misnomer if there ever was one, comfort is not something we want to keep associating with food,’ Koenig said.
‘We want to file food in our brains under nourishment and occasional pleasure. We want to seek comfort through friends, doing kind things for ourselves and engaging in healthy activities that reduce internal distress. As soon as you start looking for food, stop,’ Allen advised.
‘Think, ‘Am I hungry? Do I need food in my stomach, or is one of my triggers going off? What do I need right now?’’ Both Albers and Koenig said that we should ask ourselves if we’re actually hungry for food or if we need some other action to treat what we’re feeling.”
Journaling is one option. Allen suggests writing down what you eat, why and when, to help you identify emotional eating patterns. Another suggestion offered by Koenig is to think in terms of a yes/no flow chart. Ask yourself questions such as “Am I hungry? What do I want to eat right now? What am I feeling?”
If you find that your search for food is triggered by a negative emotion, find a more constructive way to address it. The concept of mindful eating can also be helpful. When you eat, really focus on the act of eating. As noted in the featured article:9
“What good is even the most delicious treat if you’re so emotionally distracted that you’re just eating and eating to the point where you can’t even taste it anymore, and you’ve ignored the signs of fullness to the point of discomfort?
When we eat, the goal is to sit down and really experience that meal and its flavors, and be aware of when we’re full … We can enjoy our cookies every now and then, but we should try to eat them for the pleasure of eating a cookie and not as a form of self-therapy.”
Food Addiction — Another Debilitating Problem
Unchecked emotional eating can easily transition into food addiction. Not only is the emotional component driving the behavior, but comfort foods such as cookies and ice cream are also loaded with addictive substances — sugar being one of the main ones. But even in the absence of emotional eating, food addiction can be a problem.
The correlation between food addiction and recreational drug addiction is actually quite striking, and probably stronger than most people suspect. Researchers have found a high degree of overlap exists between brain regions involved in processing rewards, be it sweets or addictive drugs.10
Not only can sugar and sweets substitute for drugs like cocaine, in terms of how your brain reacts to them, they can be even more rewarding.11 The dramatic effects of sugar on your brain may explain why you may have difficultly controlling your consumption of sugary foods when continuously exposed to them.
Neuroendocrinologist Dr. Robert Lustig, professor of pediatrics in the division of endocrinology at University of California, San Francisco, has for years warned of the addictive dangers of sugar, and its impact on your health and weight.12
Added sugars hide in 74 percent of processed foods under more than 60 different names,13 and this abundance of sugar in the diet is what fuels food cravings and addiction, which in turn can take a significant toll on your health, and in a relatively short amount of time.
One of Lustig’s studies14 demonstrated that reducing added sugars from an average of 27 percent of daily calories down to about 10 percent improved biomarkers associated with health in as little as 10 days, even when overall calorie count and percentage of carbohydrates remained the same.
The Science of Food Addiction
Research by addiction psychiatrist Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), has shed much-needed light on how food addiction develops.
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, which offer high quality views of the brain, Volkow was able to show that when dopamine links to its receptor, called D2, immediate changes take place in your brain cells, causing you to experience a “hit” of pleasure and reward.
While just about any food can trigger pleasure, only the “hyperpalatables,” foods high in refined sugar, salt and fat, tend to lead to addiction when consumed regularly. The reason for this has to do with your body’s innate survival instinct.
As explained by Peeke, the primary directive of your mind and body is survival, and it will go through some interesting adaptations when survival is threatened. When you indulge in too much of hyperstimulators, be it cocaine, sugar, alcohol or sex, your brain’s reward center notes that you’re overstimulated, which the brain perceives as not good for your survival, and so it compensates by decreasing your sense of pleasure and reward.
It does this by downregulating your D2 receptors, basically eliminating some of them. But this survival strategy creates another problem, because now you don’t feel anywhere near the pleasure and reward you once had when you began your addiction, no matter whether it’s food or drugs.
As a result, you develop tolerance, which means that you want more and more of your fix but never achieve the same “high” you once had. All the while, the addictive cravings grow stronger. Volkow’s work also revealed that the changes taking place in the brains of drug addicts are identical to those occurring in people addicted to food.
Regardless of the source of the addiction, you see very little dopamine bonding with its D2 receptors in the brain, as their numbers have been drastically decreased due to continued exposure to the addictive substance/process. Importantly, Volkow also found that addiction affects your frontal cortex, often referred to as “the CEO of the brain.”
Your frontal cortex is in charge of impulse control, irritability, impatience, strategic planning and more — all the things that figuratively go out the window during withdrawal and addiction. This is why addicts feel so out of control, and why addiction is so difficult to break.
Early Trauma Primes Your Brain for Future Addiction
Experiencing abuse (e.g., physical, emotional, sexual), neglect or other trauma during the formative years of childhood, adolescence and young adulthood can also significantly affect your frontal cortex, thereby making you more susceptible to addiction.
Peeke cites research by Susan Mason, assistant professor at Harvard University, which showed that women who had the highest levels of abuse during childhood had a 90 percent increased incidence of food addiction. In her book, Peeke also talks about the role of epigenetics, noting there’s a “sweet spot” between the ages of 8 and 13 when your genome is particularly vulnerable to epigenetic influence.
If you’re wondering whether you may have an issue with food and addiction, there is now a published and credentialed assessment you can take called the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Peeke provides a short and long version of this test in “The Hunger Fix.” She also has a quick and easy online food addiction test on her website.15
How to Break Your Sugar Addiction
Fortunately, there are solutions to unhealthy junk food cravings. Two of the most effective strategies I know of are intermittent fasting and a cyclical ketogenic diet focused on real, whole foods. These strategies will effectively help reset your body's metabolism and boost your body’s production of healing ketones, and your cravings for sugar will dramatically diminish, if not vanish altogether, once your body starts burning fat instead of sugar as its primary fuel.
Ideally, for best results, you’ll want to do intermittent fasting and a cyclical ketogenic diet in combination. You can find more information about nutritional ketosis and how to implement a cyclical ketogenic diet in my previous articles “Burn Fat for Fuel,” and “A Beginner’s Guide to the Ketogenic Diet.” For more information about intermittent fasting, see “Top 22 Intermittent Fasting Benefits.”
Another helpful technique, which addresses the emotional component of food cravings, is the Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT). If you maintain negative thoughts and feelings about yourself while trying to take physical steps to improve your body, you're unlikely to succeed.
Fine-tuning your brain to "positive" mode is absolutely imperative to achieve optimal physical health. While traditional psychological approaches may sometimes work, EFT has shown to be a far better, not to mention inexpensive, solution.
If you feel that your emotions or your own self-image may be your own worst enemy when it comes to altering your relationship with food, I highly recommend you read my free EFT manual and consider trying EFT on your own. A version of EFT specifically geared toward combating sugar cravings is called Turbo Tapping.
For further instructions, please see the article, "Turbo Tapping: How to Get Rid of Your Soda Addiction." In the video above, EFT practitioner Julie Schiffman also demonstrates how to use EFT to fight food cravings of all kinds.
from http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2019/03/07/emotional-eating-food-addiction.aspx
source http://niapurenaturecom.weebly.com/blog/the-science-of-emotional-eating-and-food-addiction
0 notes
paullassiterca · 6 years
Text
The Science of Emotional Eating and Food Addiction
Emotional eating and food addiction are very real problems, and the former can easily lead to the latter. While emotional eating is a universal phenomenon and won’t do any significant harm in the short term, if you find yourself reaching for comfort foods on a regular basis, it can lead to significant problems, both physical and psychological.
Physically, emotional eating can lead to obesity and related health problems, and psychologically, it may delay or prevent you from addressing your true emotions and sources of stress. As clinical psychologist Susan Albers told Huffington Post, “ … [E]ating to avoid facing feelings is like putting a ‘Band-Aid on a broken arm.’”1
The Chemicals Involved in Emotional Eating
Your emotions and food intake both result in a cascade of biochemical reactions, and these chemicals can have a potent effect. As explained in Dr. Pamela Peeke’s book, “The Hunger Fix: The Three-Stage Detox and Recovery Plan for Overeating and Food Addiction,” the neurotransmitter dopamine is a critical player in all forms of addiction, including food addiction.
The stress hormone cortisol and the neurotransmitter serotonin also play important roles. As reported by the Huffington Post:2
“Cortisol is our main stress hormone, triggering our fight-or-flight instinct. It also regulates how our bodies use carbohydrates, fats and proteins. So if we’re stressed or anxious and cortisol kicks in, that can make us want to carbo-load.
‘When we’re stressed, our bodies are flooded in cortisol,’ said … Albers. ‘That makes us crave sugary, fatty, salty foods.’ Then there’s dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with learning about rewards. It kicks into gear at the promise that something positive is about to happen, like eating a food you love.
The comfort foods we turn to because they taste so good give us a surge of dopamine, Albers said, and we look for that high again and again … And let’s not forget serotonin, aka “the happy chemical” … serotonin itself isn’t in food — but tryptophan, an amino acid necessary to produce serotonin, is.
Famously associated with turkey, tryptophan is also found in cheese … Carbs can also boost serotonin levels, which can improve your mood, and chocolate, too, is linked to a serotonin spike.”
Comfort Foods Lower Cortisol Levels in Highly Stressed Individuals
According to the experts on eating disorders interviewed by Huffington Post, emotional eating is primarily triggered by stress and boredom. Essentially, the act of eating “gives us something to do. It fills our time, gives us a way to procrastinate,” Albers says.
Research3 published in the journal Psychoneuroendocrinology in 2011 confirms the stress-reducing influence of comfort foods, showing that calorie-dense foods trigger the accumulation of mesenteric fat — a main contributor to abdominal obesity — which inhibits hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis activity.
The HPA axis is your primary stress response system that links your central nervous system and endocrine system together.4 According to the researchers, “long-term adaptation to chronic stress in the face of dense calories result in greater visceral fat accumulation (via ingestion of calorie-dense food), which in turn modulates HPA axis response, resulting in lower cortisol levels.”
Put another way, eating a lot of comfort food lowers your stress response. Unfortunately, it also leads to unhealthy fat accumulation. If you’re like most, you don’t reach for apples or carrots when in a funk. Comfort foods by and large tend to be unhealthy, with cake, cookies, ice cream and chips being among the more common.
Food Versus Feelings
Over time, eating becomes associated with emotional relief; it’s a way to temporarily distance yourself from emotional discomfort and dampen your experience of stress. Karen R. Koenig, a licensed clinical social worker and expert on eating psychology told Huffington Post:5
“There’s conscious and unconscious emotional discomfort. Sometimes we know [what we’re feeling], sometimes we don’t — we just feel uneasy or not happy, and we don’t deal with that. Instead, we just eat.
Then we get what we know we’ll have: shame, remorse, regret. We trade in the first discomfort, which is maybe unfamiliar and something we’re more frightened of, for the familiar feelings that come after emotional eating.”
Comfort Foods Are Associated With Positive Memories
An interesting study published in 20156 found that people reach for comfort foods when they feel isolated in some way, because the food in question reminds them of a strong emotional relationship they once had. Highlights from this study include the findings that:
Comfort food is associated with relationships (it has “social utility”)
Feeling isolated predicted how much people enjoy comfort food
Threatened belonging led those with secure attachment7to enjoy comfort food more
Here, a group of undergraduate students at the State University of New York at Buffalo were asked to recall a time when a close relationship was under threat, or a moment when they felt alienated and alone. Another group was not given this instruction.
Afterward, the group that was instructed to think back on an emotionally stressful time were found to be more likely to eat comfort foods, and they rated the tastiness of those foods higher than the group that were not eating to dampen their emotions. Huffington Post notes:8
“Think about all the happy and comforting memories you have involving food. Maybe your family used to celebrate occasions with a trip to the ice cream shop, or maybe your mom or dad used to soften the blow of a bad day with macaroni and cheese. When you’re feeling rejected or anxious today, eating one of those foods is an instant connection to that soothing time.”
How to Separate Your Emotions From Your Eating
If emotional eating strikes now and then, it probably will not cause you any harm. The real danger lies in chronic emotional eating, which can undermine your health and emotional well-being. So, what can you do? According to the experts interviewed by Huffington Post, it’s important to separate your emotions from your food intake. Huffington Post writes:
“To start with, we have to remember food’s true purpose — to nourish us. In fact, Koenig suggests that the term ‘comfort food’ itself could be part of the problem. ‘A misleading misnomer if there ever was one, comfort is not something we want to keep associating with food,’ Koenig said.
‘We want to file food in our brains under nourishment and occasional pleasure. We want to seek comfort through friends, doing kind things for ourselves and engaging in healthy activities that reduce internal distress. As soon as you start looking for food, stop,’ Allen advised.
‘Think, ‘Am I hungry? Do I need food in my stomach, or is one of my triggers going off? What do I need right now?’’ Both Albers and Koenig said that we should ask ourselves if we’re actually hungry for food or if we need some other action to treat what we’re feeling.”
Journaling is one option. Allen suggests writing down what you eat, why and when, to help you identify emotional eating patterns. Another suggestion offered by Koenig is to think in terms of a yes/no flow chart. Ask yourself questions such as “Am I hungry? What do I want to eat right now? What am I feeling?”
If you find that your search for food is triggered by a negative emotion, find a more constructive way to address it. The concept of mindful eating can also be helpful. When you eat, really focus on the act of eating. As noted in the featured article:9
“What good is even the most delicious treat if you’re so emotionally distracted that you’re just eating and eating to the point where you can’t even taste it anymore, and you’ve ignored the signs of fullness to the point of discomfort?
When we eat, the goal is to sit down and really experience that meal and its flavors, and be aware of when we’re full … We can enjoy our cookies every now and then, but we should try to eat them for the pleasure of eating a cookie and not as a form of self-therapy.”
Food Addiction — Another Debilitating Problem
Unchecked emotional eating can easily transition into food addiction. Not only is the emotional component driving the behavior, but comfort foods such as cookies and ice cream are also loaded with addictive substances — sugar being one of the main ones. But even in the absence of emotional eating, food addiction can be a problem.
The correlation between food addiction and recreational drug addiction is actually quite striking, and probably stronger than most people suspect. Researchers have found a high degree of overlap exists between brain regions involved in processing rewards, be it sweets or addictive drugs.10
Not only can sugar and sweets substitute for drugs like cocaine, in terms of how your brain reacts to them, they can be even more rewarding.11 The dramatic effects of sugar on your brain may explain why you may have difficultly controlling your consumption of sugary foods when continuously exposed to them.
Neuroendocrinologist Dr. Robert Lustig, professor of pediatrics in the division of endocrinology at University of California, San Francisco, has for years warned of the addictive dangers of sugar, and its impact on your health and weight.12
Added sugars hide in 74 percent of processed foods under more than 60 different names,13 and this abundance of sugar in the diet is what fuels food cravings and addiction, which in turn can take a significant toll on your health, and in a relatively short amount of time.
One of Lustig’s studies14 demonstrated that reducing added sugars from an average of 27 percent of daily calories down to about 10 percent improved biomarkers associated with health in as little as 10 days, even when overall calorie count and percentage of carbohydrates remained the same.
The Science of Food Addiction
Research by addiction psychiatrist Dr. Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), has shed much-needed light on how food addiction develops.
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, which offer high quality views of the brain, Volkow was able to show that when dopamine links to its receptor, called D2, immediate changes take place in your brain cells, causing you to experience a “hit” of pleasure and reward.
While just about any food can trigger pleasure, only the “hyperpalatables,” foods high in refined sugar, salt and fat, tend to lead to addiction when consumed regularly. The reason for this has to do with your body’s innate survival instinct.
As explained by Peeke, the primary directive of your mind and body is survival, and it will go through some interesting adaptations when survival is threatened. When you indulge in too much of hyperstimulators, be it cocaine, sugar, alcohol or sex, your brain’s reward center notes that you’re overstimulated, which the brain perceives as not good for your survival, and so it compensates by decreasing your sense of pleasure and reward.
It does this by downregulating your D2 receptors, basically eliminating some of them. But this survival strategy creates another problem, because now you don’t feel anywhere near the pleasure and reward you once had when you began your addiction, no matter whether it’s food or drugs.
As a result, you develop tolerance, which means that you want more and more of your fix but never achieve the same “high” you once had. All the while, the addictive cravings grow stronger. Volkow’s work also revealed that the changes taking place in the brains of drug addicts are identical to those occurring in people addicted to food.
Regardless of the source of the addiction, you see very little dopamine bonding with its D2 receptors in the brain, as their numbers have been drastically decreased due to continued exposure to the addictive substance/process. Importantly, Volkow also found that addiction affects your frontal cortex, often referred to as “the CEO of the brain.”
Your frontal cortex is in charge of impulse control, irritability, impatience, strategic planning and more — all the things that figuratively go out the window during withdrawal and addiction. This is why addicts feel so out of control, and why addiction is so difficult to break.
Early Trauma Primes Your Brain for Future Addiction
Experiencing abuse (e.g., physical, emotional, sexual), neglect or other trauma during the formative years of childhood, adolescence and young adulthood can also significantly affect your frontal cortex, thereby making you more susceptible to addiction.
Peeke cites research by Susan Mason, assistant professor at Harvard University, which showed that women who had the highest levels of abuse during childhood had a 90 percent increased incidence of food addiction. In her book, Peeke also talks about the role of epigenetics, noting there’s a “sweet spot” between the ages of 8 and 13 when your genome is particularly vulnerable to epigenetic influence.
If you’re wondering whether you may have an issue with food and addiction, there is now a published and credentialed assessment you can take called the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Peeke provides a short and long version of this test in “The Hunger Fix.” She also has a quick and easy online food addiction test on her website.15
How to Break Your Sugar Addiction
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Fortunately, there are solutions to unhealthy junk food cravings. Two of the most effective strategies I know of are intermittent fasting and a cyclical ketogenic diet focused on real, whole foods. These strategies will effectively help reset your body’s metabolism and boost your body’s production of healing ketones, and your cravings for sugar will dramatically diminish, if not vanish altogether, once your body starts burning fat instead of sugar as its primary fuel.
Ideally, for best results, you’ll want to do intermittent fasting and a cyclical ketogenic diet in combination. You can find more information about nutritional ketosis and how to implement a cyclical ketogenic diet in my previous articles “Burn Fat for Fuel,” and “A Beginner’s Guide to the Ketogenic Diet.” For more information about intermittent fasting, see “Top 22 Intermittent Fasting Benefits.”
Another helpful technique, which addresses the emotional component of food cravings, is the Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT). If you maintain negative thoughts and feelings about yourself while trying to take physical steps to improve your body, you’re unlikely to succeed.
Fine-tuning your brain to “positive” mode is absolutely imperative to achieve optimal physical health. While traditional psychological approaches may sometimes work, EFT has shown to be a far better, not to mention inexpensive, solution.
If you feel that your emotions or your own self-image may be your own worst enemy when it comes to altering your relationship with food, I highly recommend you read my free EFT manual and consider trying EFT on your own. A version of EFT specifically geared toward combating sugar cravings is called Turbo Tapping.
For further instructions, please see the article, “Turbo Tapping: How to Get Rid of Your Soda Addiction.” In the video above, EFT practitioner Julie Schiffman also demonstrates how to use EFT to fight food cravings of all kinds.
from Articles http://articles.mercola.com/sites/articles/archive/2019/03/07/emotional-eating-food-addiction.aspx source https://niapurenaturecom.tumblr.com/post/183283738366
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timecrawl-blog1 · 6 years
Text
Respark The Romance Review
Respark The Romance Review
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2YFEA7N5_Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2YFEA7N5_Q
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=87JJ8r8XC3k
    A product for men and women, respectively, which aims to reignite the eagerness at intervals a relationship that fell stagnant and uninspired.     Totally different programs “for men” and “for women” designed to house the unique relationship issues from every gender’s perspective, separately.     Beautifully designed eBook covers.     That’s extremely regarding it. Cons     A program that claims to be based mostly on solid and proven science but doesn’t reference any scientific and authoritative sources. The program will cite its sources, but they're mostly different relationships e-books and not scientific journals.     The latter parts of the program don’t flow cohesively and topics are in all places.     The author’s identity and claimed credentials are a small amount shady and proved to be not possible to verify.     Seemingly separate programs (i.e. there’s a “for men” and a “for girls” version) however are, at the very core, essentially the same. They may have different covers, but they are basically the same product with gender indicators and perspectives adjusted accordingly.     Terribly wordy program. Expect to go through a torrent of words without any visual breaks or images.     Inefficient or non-existent client support. We tend to tested multiple channels to contact them however didn’t get a response in any of our inquiries. attend the official site Higher Products for Your Thought:     The Magic of Making Up     Text Your Ex Back How to Respark the Romance Vital Information How to Respark the Romance Product PackageHow to Respark the Romance may be a relationship development program for men and women (specifically, “for men” and “for women” editions are out there separately) which introduces the thought of the “Emotional Turbulence Formula” – a mix of methods designed to stimulate your partner’s pleasure hormones and “brain chemicals” that enable your partner to expertise positive feelings towards you. Additional specifically, the program believes that feelings of affection and need live inside an individual’s “brain chemicals” like Dopamine, Serotonin, and Oxytocin; and that the key to encouraging romance from your partner lies in performing certain precise behaviors that elicit positive responses from those aforementioned “brain chemicals.” How to Respark the Romance and also the “Emotional Turbulence Formula” are created and designed by Brian Robbens (to not be mistaken for the film and TV director/producer, Brian Robbins). Brian claims to be a professional relationship and romance counselor along with an Amazon best-selling author. However, it’s quite not possible to verify those claims; especially the Amazon best-selling author part, that ought to be easy to confirm. On top of that, it’s hard to search out proof of Brian’s identity. Using pen names is a standard and acceptable observe, but there's invariably a public figure behind the name; not the case with Brian Robbens. These question marks forged a cloud of doubt over the author and, by extension, the program itself. Click here for How to Respark the Romance instant access How to Respark the Romance Insider Look Moving on to the program proper, everything starts off with a foreword from Brian; and then proceeds directly to the first part of program that covers the “Emotional Turbulence Formula.” The “Emotional Turbulence Formula” initially offers you a crash course by showing you five “Big Huge Mistakes” (yes, we tend to recognized the redundancy of the phrase) that almost all people typically commit that results in negative effects on their relationships. Needless to mention, the goal is to acknowledge and stop doing these mistakes. The program then goes on to detail the 5 “steps” (well, not really “steps” since every item doesn’t build upon the previous one; nor do they present any explicit procedural order) that comprise the “Emotional Turbulence Formula.” The formula lists 5 techniques that, you guessed it, you ought to do to trigger your partner’s pleasure hormones and improve your relationship. You then get to proceed to second part of the program which lists a ton of topics (albeit random with no cohesion or unifying thought between every topic) concerning the psychology of romance. Topics like “developing and having a romantic mindset”, “ebbs and flows of everlasting love”, “recipe for love”, “inventive solutions for stale romance”, and “romance for folks in their 40’s and beyond” are discussed, among some others. They merely function tidbits of information (i.e. short relationship articles) that you may apply to your relationship if the case mentioned fits yours. attend the official website Packages and Pricing $forty seven, For Men Package     “How to Respark the Romance: For Men” eBook.     “Quick Begin Sexual Black Book” eReport.     “The 10 Steps to Sex Appeal Checklist” eList.     “The five-Step Sexual Awakening Guide to Her Natural Sweet Spot” eManual. $forty seven, For Girls Package     “How to Respark the Romance: For Ladies” eBook.     “Quick Start Romantic Black Book” eReport.     “Unleash His Hidden Passion Secret Notebook” eManual.     “Advanced Enchantment Report” eGuide. Go here for How to Respark the Romance coupons and discounts How to Respark the Romance Banner Logo Our How to Respark the Romance Conclusion Better Product for Your Consideration:     The Magic of Making Up     Text Your Ex Back How to Respark the Romance may be a relationship development program that actually has sensible intentions. It’s meant to rekindle the eagerness among couples who’ve lost that fireplace in their relationship – a much-required resolution to a very common relationship state of affairs in these days’s times. However, the execution of the program and therefore the efficacy of the tactic failed to realize that noble intent. Combine that with some red flags surrounding the author also because the support and you’ve got a product that doesn’t deserve something over a 1 out of five stars rating. Mysteriousness could be a trait that's normally thought of attractive in the dating and relationship scenes; however not the case when it involves determining the credibility of a product. How to Respark the Romance is formed by a mysterious author – Brian Robbens. That is, a lot of mystery revolves around his identity and his alleged credentials. For somebody who claims to be successful (i.e Amazon best-selling author), it shouldn’t be this hard to seek out traces of these achievements. A shady author background negatively affects the credibility of this whole program and exposes you, the potential buyer, to unnecessary risks. On top of that, there doesn’t seem to be any client support (at least primarily based on our tests) to help with any problems that you may encounter. What this means for you is once you've got completed payment, you are on your own. If you encounter a drawback with the download, you’ll have to work out the solution yourself. If you have any questions about the program, don’t expect any facilitate. This unfortunate state of affairs is simply a risk that you just don’t have to take. Of course, all may have been forgiven if the program itself is phenomenal. However, this is often simply not the case. The program correct itself isn't compelling enough for thought. It very feels sort of a mishmash of various relationship articles and random romantic anecdotes. You'll get some useful tips and tidbits here and there, but the merchandise and proposed ways don't seem to be convincing overall. In the tip, there are a lot of similar products out there which tackle the identical problems, can give a a lot of compelling giving, and not expose you to unnecessary risks and red flags. You are better off considering those products rather than this one. Our Final Suggestion: Absolutely Don’t Obtain How to Respark the Romance     Simply got it and it reads ok. I cannot inquire into how the methodology works but will provide it a go - it all is sensible. As for the support, cannot agree with the criticism. I had a problem with the initial download however submitted a ticket through the Meet My Sweet Members Area and received a operating download at intervals a few hours.     Thank you very a lot of Renata for taking the time to put in writing about your experience with this product. Your comment would positively help our readers make a more informed decision regarding this program. We tend to do our greatest to create our reviews as correct as attainable, however more perspectives are forever preferable. We want you the simplest.
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Text
Respark The Romance Review
Respark The Romance Review
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2YFEA7N5_Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2YFEA7N5_Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_WZc1n0ysNQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ib5xoaGdWPk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R5MPU2hMN9g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4El_8GJGgU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-FW0vFxN7k
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DKkO7TJIOcU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zv0enkaxaHw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=87JJ8r8XC3k
    A product for men and ladies, respectively, that aims to reignite the passion among a relationship that fell stagnant and uninspired.     Totally different programs “for men” and “for women” designed to deal with the unique relationship issues from each gender’s perspective, separately.     Beautifully designed eBook covers.     That’s very concerning it. Cons     A program that claims to be based mostly on solid and proven science however doesn’t reference any scientific and authoritative sources. The program does cite its sources, however they are mostly alternative relationships e-books and not scientific journals.     The latter elements of the program don’t flow cohesively and topics are in all places.     The author’s identity and claimed credentials are a touch shady and proved to be impossible to verify.     Seemingly separate programs (i.e. there’s a “for men” and a “for women” version) but are, at the very core, primarily the same. They may have totally different covers, but they are basically the identical product with gender indicators and perspectives adjusted accordingly.     Terribly wordy program. Expect to go through a torrent of words while not any visual breaks or pictures.     Inefficient or non-existent client support. We tend to tested multiple channels to contact them but didn’t get a response in any of our inquiries. go to the official web site Higher Products for Your Consideration:     The Magic of Making Up     Text Your Ex Back How to Respark the Romance Vital Info How to Respark the Romance Product PackageHow to Respark the Romance is a relationship development program for men and women (specifically, “for men” and “for ladies” editions are obtainable separately) that introduces the thought of the “Emotional Turbulence Formula” – a combination of ways designed to stimulate your partner’s pleasure hormones and “brain chemicals” which permit your partner to experience positive feelings towards you. A lot of specifically, the program believes that feelings of affection and desire live inside a person’s “brain chemicals” like Dopamine, Serotonin, and Oxytocin; and that the key to encouraging romance from your partner lies in performing certain precise behaviors that elicit positive responses from those aforementioned “brain chemicals.” How to Respark the Romance and also the “Emotional Turbulence Formula” are created and designed by Brian Robbens (not to be mistaken for the film and TV director/producer, Brian Robbins). Brian claims to be a professional relationship and romance counselor furthermore an Amazon best-selling author. However, it’s quite not possible to verify those claims; particularly the Amazon best-selling author half, that should be simple to confirm. On prime of that, it’s arduous to seek out proof of Brian’s identity. Using pen names is a standard and acceptable apply, however there's continually a public figure behind the name; not the case with Brian Robbens. These question marks solid a cloud of doubt over the author and, by extension, the program itself. Click here for How to Respark the Romance instant access How to Respark the Romance Insider Look Moving on to the program proper, everything starts off with a foreword from Brian; and then proceeds on to the primary half of program that covers the “Emotional Turbulence Formula.” The “Emotional Turbulence Formula” initially provides you a crash course by showing you five “Big Huge Mistakes” (yes, we recognized the redundancy of the phrase) that most folks typically commit that ends up in negative effects on their relationships. Needless to say, the goal is to acknowledge and stop doing these mistakes. The program then goes on to detail the five “steps” (well, not extremely “steps” since each item doesn’t build upon the previous one; nor do they gift any particular procedural order) that comprise the “Emotional Turbulence Formula.” The formula lists five techniques that, you guessed it, you must do to trigger your partner’s pleasure hormones and improve your relationship. You then get to proceed to second part of the program which lists a lot of topics (albeit random with no cohesion or unifying thought between every topic) about the psychology of romance. Topics such as “developing and having a romantic mindset”, “ebbs and flows of everlasting love”, “recipe for romance”, “artistic solutions for stale romance”, and “romance for individuals in their 40’s and beyond” are discussed, among some others. They simply function tidbits of knowledge (i.e. short relationship articles) that you may apply to your relationship if things mentioned fits yours. attend the official website Packages and Pricing $47, For Men Package     “How to Respark the Romance: For Men” eBook.     “Quick Begin Sexual Black Book” eReport.     “The 10 Steps to Sex Appeal Checklist” eList.     “The five-Step Sexual Awakening Guide to Her Natural Sweet Spot” eManual. $47, For Women Package     “How to Respark the Romance: For Ladies” eBook.     “Quick Begin Romantic Black Book” eReport.     “Unleash His Hidden Passion Secret Notebook” eManual.     “Advanced Enchantment Report” eGuide. Go here for How to Respark the Romance coupons and discounts How to Respark the Romance Banner Logo Our How to Respark the Romance Conclusion Better Merchandise for Your Thought:     The Magic of Making Up     Text Your Ex Back How to Respark the Romance is a relationship development program that definitely has good intentions. It’s meant to rekindle the eagerness among couples who’ve lost that fireside in their relationship – a much-required answer to a very common relationship scenario in nowadays’s times. However, the execution of the program and also the efficacy of the method failed to attain that noble intent. Combine that with some red flags surrounding the author similarly because the support and you’ve got a product that doesn’t deserve something over a 1 out of five stars rating. Mysteriousness is a trait that's normally considered enticing within the dating and relationship scenes; but not the case when it involves determining the credibility of a product. How to Respark the Romance is formed by a mysterious author – Brian Robbens. That is, a lot of mystery revolves around his identity and his alleged credentials. For someone who claims to be successful (i.e Amazon best-selling author), it shouldn’t be this difficult to search out traces of those achievements. A shady author background negatively affects the credibility of this whole program and exposes you, the potential buyer, to unnecessary risks. On high of that, there doesn’t appear to be any client support (a minimum of based on our tests) to assist with any problems that you'll encounter. What this suggests for you is once you've got completed payment, you're on your own. If you encounter a drawback with the download, you’ll have to figure out the answer yourself. If you've got any queries regarding the program, don’t expect any help. This unfortunate state of affairs is merely a risk that you just don’t have to require. Of course, all may have been forgiven if the program itself is phenomenal. However, this can be simply not the case. The program proper itself isn't compelling enough for thought. It really feels sort of a mishmash of different relationship articles and random romantic anecdotes. You will get a few helpful tips and tidbits here and there, however the product and proposed strategies don't seem to be convincing overall. In the top, there are a lot of similar product out there which tackle the same problems, will provide a additional compelling offering, and not expose you to unnecessary risks and red flags. You're higher off considering those product instead of this one. Our Final Suggestion: Absolutely Don’t Get How to Respark the Romance     Just got it and it reads ok. I cannot investigate how the methodology works however can offer it a go - it all is sensible. As for the support, cannot agree with the criticism. I had an issue with the initial download but submitted a ticket through the Meet My Sweet Members Area and received a operating download among a few hours.     Thank you terribly a lot of Renata for taking the time to put in writing about your experience with this product. Your comment would definitely help our readers make a additional informed call relating to this program. We do our greatest to create our reviews as accurate as doable, but a lot of perspectives are perpetually preferable. We would like you the simplest.
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russellthornton · 7 years
Text
Attention Seeking Behavior: Why Some People Go Looking for Drama
It’s all around us, and we’re not talking love. From the chronic liar to the online troll, here’s the 101 on attention seeking behavior.
Is no amount of attention enough to satisfy you? As a teenager, I used under-the-radar methods to get noticed, such as: lying, playing the victim, being moody. But if you’re into the more in-yo-face variety of attention seeking behavior you might: dress provocatively, say things like, ‘maybe I should just kill myself,’ argue all the time.
Either way, attention seeking behavior sort of makes you the center of things. Which sort of feels rewarding, in a crooked sort of way.
Despite this…
Wanting attention is kinda, actually, pretty, VERY normal
We all have needs, and we want confirmation that we’re loved and cared about. That we matter. Cos’ we’re human. For example, think of a baby wailing for food… in that situation getting attention, or not getting it, could literally be the difference between life and death.
And as teenagers/young adults we want to impress our friends by doing crazy stuff, like drinking ourselves into A&E once a month. And we believe our relationships are renditions of Romeo & Juliet. *‘Arrghhhh, my heart!’*
Also, having an attention seeking personality is LESS of a character weakness and MORE to do with how our brain is wired by our life experiences. For example, neglected children are more likely to be attention-seekers as adults. They naturally associate getting attention with survival, to an extreme degree.
On top of all that, humans are social creatures. We’re all programmed to operate on traded attention because if we’re unable to get ANY attention, this is dangerous.
So perhaps we can agree… although it is quite complicated *like people*, attention seeking behavior isn’t all that strange or unhealthy.
It’s just a matter of how we go about it
And I like to think of this as the choice between two options:
#1 You either mostly earn attention.
#2 Or mostly feed on it.
Feeding is a quick-win strategy…
It’s getting that 2,000 likes on a selfie of your body only-5%-covered-with-clothes *and feeling important and productive as a result, despite not working on your exciting idea for a food-based-makeup biz that could actually do some great things*.
Your Instagram page provides you lots of positive feedback for working way underneath your potential. And, like feeding on an addictive drug, you can never quite get enough… until you forget that you’re actually considerably intelligent and creative. *And if that Instagram account dries up you feel like garbage*.
Feeding on attention robs you of doing great things that require hard work. It also makes you vulnerable to manipulation by people who know you are insecure *despite all of the attention you get*. For example, you might end up with a partner who lies to you. You may even search out people who don’t like you, in an attempt to get the ‘ultimate validation.’ [Read: We accept the love we think we deserve: A real life example]
All this drama is fun for a while, but who goes to the amusement park every day? Anything, even something fun, quickly becomes a living hell, rather than a thrill, when it controls your life. By contrast, earning attention happens when you work consistently to develop your skills/yourself as a person.
Strategies for understanding attention seeking behavior
Okay, with that said, let’s dive into some strategies. Consider these things and you can turn your attention cravings from a dirty high into jet fuel…
#1 Getting your needs met. Achieving happiness and fulfillment is an art. There is no equation for achieving these—that’s completely up to you. Explore and find out what makes you feel like you’re getting most of your needs met. Look deep inside and be truly honest with yourself. [Read: How to be happy again: 20 ways to draw happiness from within]
#2 Not lying. The hardest thing is to tell the truth when it’s inconvenient. But this is when it’s especially important. Doing this one thing massively improves your life long-term, even if it creates problems short-term.
On the opposite end, lying creates webs of misunderstanding and chaos that become almost impossible to make sense of. [Read: How to stop lying to yourself and everyone around you]
#3 Not being a hater. We live in an age of trolling. When somebody has lots of light on them, attention-seekers may want to bring them down, to make that person feel small or to show them up. Rather than building themselves up, the hater focuses on what others are doing.
#4 Checking arrogance/narcissism at the door. Arrogant or narcissistic people feel like the world revolves around them. Or that they’re just better than everyone else *others seem weak or pathetic*.
Arrogant/narcissistic people may feed on compliments and on being talked about. But without this they feel worthless. Checking this way of thinking, when it pops up, brings you a bit closer to earth. [Read: 23 signs of narcissism people overlook until its too late]
#5 Not caring what others think about you *self-worth*. If you feel you need fame in order to feel like you’re worth a damn, fame actually won’t fix that insecurity.
Entrepreneur Gary V said it best—he simply cares more about what he thinks of himself than what others think of him. Seriously, not BS, he really cares more about his self-opinion than the opinion of others about him and doesn’t give a f*** about how they judge him. Developing this way of thinking does crazy things for you. *As long as you’re not an A-hole about it, needless to say i.e. respect the lives of others*.
#6 Being the private hero of your own story. When you get attention you become the center of everything. Until, like Bella from the Twilight series, you dive from cliffs just to get your ex to come save you. But truth is there are more important personal challenges, such as past traumas or phobias or fears, which you avoid.
The key with facing fears is to start low and with yourself, not with changing others. Gaining these ‘private victories’ over yourself *inner resistance* adds up over time invisibly until they reach a tipping point. And that’s when people say things like ‘she was an overnight success.’ [Read: Be your own hero: What it means and how to take control of life]
#7 Developing intense focus. The opposite of distraction is deep focus. This involves focusing on one thing and cutting off all other distractions for around 90 minutes at a time. This practice builds up the ability to focus on one thing without needing constant novelty. There’s a book about this called Deep Work and another called The Shallows.
#8 Knowing ‘negative’ emotions are addictive. Whether that be a scandal, betrayal, gossip, or something that makes you feel like the victim… drama causes your body to secrete endorphins, which reduces feelings of pain and gives you pleasure. Drama also triggers your body to release dopamine, which makes you feel euphoric.
Rewards, baby. All kinds.
Until you no longer know why you always provoke your partner and get them fired up into a rage with your attention seeking behavior. As much as you moan and complain about drama, it feels addictive, and like winning, to the attention-seeker. [Read: People pleasers and 20 common signs most people don’t see]
#9 Using your neediness to win. This is about playing on your strengths and shoring up your weaknesses. For example, there are tons of successful business people who love attention. But, rather than using that personality trait doing things beneath their full potential, they direct it towards some challenging goal.
While you can’t change your brain-wiring, you can create new habits that deactivate older ones. You can get out of your own way by: taking responsibility, completing difficult projects without giving up, and looking deep into yourself.
#10 Letting your scars complete you. No one’s without insecurities. But we all make a choice to:
#1 Accept our scars and rise with them.
#2 Or let them control and destroy us.
It’s important to dive into your insecurities and to see where feelings of inferiority stem. However you go about dealing with your insecurities, making sense of it gives you unexpected empowerment that makes you more solid and secure. [Read: How to be an adult: 15 mature ways to grow up and behave like one]
#11 Forgiving/moving on. Everyone will have some kind of developmental trauma. It’s a part of becoming socialized. However, one ideal I stick by is that holding onto bitterness and blame poisons me and limits my own growth.
Sometimes forgiveness is really hard to do but going through the process teaches me about who I really am/can be. It also involves becoming more thick-skinned and less of a pushover or separating myself from a person/group of people.
#12 Distancing yourself from drama. Yeah, attention seeking behavior and drama is fun, but it’s the intense-kind-of-fun that self-destructive addicts experience. Sure, you get a high perhaps unlike any other high out there. However, inevitably your life splits apart bit by bit. Until all you’re left with are regrets and a whole lot of undesirable consequences **cough* crazy baby mama/daddy *cough* jail time *cough* friends who get you into trouble*.
With attention-seeking behavior, simply participating in it draws you into its gravity. I actively cut out drama-seeking people from my life. [Read: Superficial person alert: 36 shallow traits they just can’t hide]
#13 Knowing who you truly are *listening to that inner compass*. This one sounds like a cliché. But we all know what it means. In fact, you’ve always known it, but maybe you drown out this wisdom with social media apps, Netflix, YouTube, and online gurus *I know I’ve done this*.
Gaining self-awareness about who you REALLY are, not what sounds cool, what you think might be accepted, what might make you successful, or what you think should be fun. None of that. It’s about that voice that’s truly yours, even when you think it sounds sort of dumb and inferior.
Listen to that voice, especially when it tells you you need to do something difficult or unusual or alien or important or *insert adjective.
[Read: How to be comfortable with yourself: A guide to not giving a f*ck]
Attention seeking behavior is normal and healthy when you understand who you are. The important thing in using this basic human need to make your life more dope. Which takes working hard to know who you are/what you’re capable of.
The post Attention Seeking Behavior: Why Some People Go Looking for Drama is the original content of LovePanky - Your Guide to Better Love and Relationships.
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