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卍 JEHOVAH Occult Witness Me [ME = U.S. Michael Harrell = TUT = JAH] as Nubian Archangel [NA = NĀGA] SATAN as I TERRORISTICALLY THREATEN II KILL ALL powerless TELEVISED govment politicians of fallen america wit’ My Magically Legal KILL [MLK = SHADOW GOVERNMENT] POWERS on My HIGHLY Official… U.S. ATLANTEAN [USA] EGYPTIAN HARRELLTV® Empire [HE = JAH] of Nubian ISRAEL [NI = NIBIRU] 卍
#U.S. Michael Harrell [Emperor TUTANKHAMŪN] on Earth#FUCK ALL powerless govment politicians of fallen america#death to america#prepare for mankind’s Imminent Death [I.D.] I Angelically + Biblically + Canonically [ABC] Promised II FULFILL#Great Britain’s ORIGINAL… Royal African [RA] Parliament Ancestors [PA] of Benin’s Oral Kouroukan Fouga Constitution [KFC] Magick#I got My Double Black White House Familia of Lost America [L.A. = NEW Atlantis] Watching OVER Me [ME = U.S. Michael Harrell = TUT = JAH]#it's Depopulation Time in fallen america#I BEE Nubian Archangel [NA = NĀGA] SATAN from Inner Earth [HADES]#I BEE So Universally Sovereign [U.S. = UNTOUCHABLE] like A MOST HIGH [MH = JAH] BLACK MESSIAH [JEHOVAH] on Earth [JE = JESUS]#I Magically INVOKED [MI = MICHAEL] A SIRIUS Black [B] Coup d'etat on ALL powerless TELEVISED govments of fallen america#america so FUCKIN' DUMB#KILL ALL powerless TELEVISED govment leaders Under Secret Assassination [USA = MURDER] Surveillance#I SABOTAGE ALL powerless TELEVISED govment agencies of fallen america wit’ My QUANTUM Black Occult Technocracy [BOT]#My QUANTUM Black Occult Technologies [BOT] of Inner Earth’s [HADES] QUANTUM Black Altitude Earth [BAE = COSMIC] Energy Languages#I BEE A Biblically Black [Ancient] LUCIFERIAN from Lost America [L.A. = NEW Atlantis]#I BEE A HIGHLY Classified Afrikkan [CA] LUCIFERIAN ATLANTEAN [L.A. = LEMURIAN] OLIGARCH of Triple 666 [ROYAL] Black Occult POWERS#I BEE HIGHLY Official... U.S. QUANTUM Black Esoteric Theosophical [BET] Society of 360°+ Nubian Occult Freemasons [NECROMANCERS]#I BEE So BLACK SKULL & BONES ILLUMINATI in Lost America [L.A. = NEW Atlantis]#I BEE HIGHLY Official… U.S. MU:XIII Occult Tech Illuminati on Earth#FUCK america's fake ass white history of ancient america#FUCK the fbi#Fuck Homeland Security#Homeland Secure Deezzz Nuttzzz
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Reservoirs in the heart of an ancient Maya city were so polluted with mercury and blue-green algae that the water likely was undrinkable.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati found toxic levels of pollution in two central reservoirs in Tikal, an ancient Maya city that dates back to the third century B.C. in what is now northern Guatemala.
UC’s findings suggest droughts in the ninth century likely contributed to the depopulation and eventual abandonment of the city.
“The conversion of Tikal’s central reservoirs from life-sustaining to sickness-inducing places would have both practically and symbolically helped to bring about the abandonment of this magnificent city,” the study concluded.
The ancient Maya city of Tikal in northern Guatemala thrived from the second to ninth centuries. UC researchers found evidence of water pollution that could help explain why the city was abandoned. Photo/Jimmy Baum/Unsplash
A geochemical analysis found that two reservoirs nearest the city palace and temple contained toxic levels of mercury that UC researchers traced back to a pigment the Maya used to adorn buildings, clayware and other goods. During rainstorms, mercury in the pigment leached into the reservoirs where it settled in layers of sediment over the years.
But the former inhabitants of this city, made famous by its towering stone temples and architecture, had ample potable water from nearby reservoirs that remained uncontaminated, UC researchers found.
The study was published in the Nature journal Scientific Reports.
Unravelling a mystery
UC’s diverse team was composed of anthropologists, geographers, botanists, biologists and chemists. They examined layers of sediment dating back to the ninth century when Tikal was a flourishing city.
Previously, UC researchers found that the soils around Tikal during the ninth century were extremely fertile and traced the source to frequent volcanic eruptions that enriched the soil of the Yucatan Peninsula.
“Archaeologists and anthropologists have been trying to figure out what happened to the Maya for 100 years,” said David Lentz, a UC professor of biological sciences and lead author of the study.
UC graduate student Brian Lane climbs out of the Perdido Reservoir. Photo/Nicholas Dunning
For the latest study, UC researchers sampled sediment at 10 reservoirs within the city and conducted an analysis on ancient DNA found in the stratified sediment of four of them.
Sediment from the reservoirs nearest Tikal’s central temple and palace showed evidence of cyanobacteria. Consuming this water, particularly during droughts, would have made people sick even if the water were boiled, Lentz said.
“We found two types of blue-green algae that produce toxic chemicals. The bad thing about these is they’re resistant to boiling. It made water in these reservoirs toxic to drink,” Lentz said.
UC researchers said it is possible but unlikely the Maya used these reservoirs for drinking, cooking or irrigation.
“The water would have looked nasty. It would have tasted nasty,” said Kenneth Tankersley, an associate professor of anthropology in UC’s College of Arts and Sciences. “There would have been these big blue-green algae blooms. Nobody would have wanted to drink that water.”
UC biologist David Lents said archaeologist and anthropologists have been trying for decades to understand why ancient Maya cities such as Tikal were abandoned. UC's research is contributing to the answer. Photo/Joseph Fuqua/UC Creative + Brand
Precious resources
But researchers found no evidence of the same pollutants in sediments from more distant reservoirs called Perdido and Corriental, which likely provided drinking water for city residents during the ninth century.
The towering city of Tikal rises above the rainforest. Photo/David Lentz
Today, Tikal is a national park and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Researchers believe a combination of economic, political and social factors prompted people to leave the city and its adjacent farms. But the climate no doubt played a role, too, Lentz said.
“They have a prolonged dry season. For part of the year, it’s rainy and wet. The rest of the year, it’s really dry with almost no rainfall. So they had a problem finding water,” Lentz said.
Co-author Trinity Hamilton, now an assistant professor of biology at the University of Minnesota, worked on the analysis of ancient DNA from cyanobacteria that sank to the reservoir bottom and was buried by centuries of accumulated sediment.
“Typically, when we see a lot of cyanobacteria in freshwater, we think of harmful algal blooms that impact water quality,” Hamilton said.
Finding some reservoirs that were polluted and others that were not suggests the ancient Maya used them for different purposes, she said.
UC geography professor Nicholas Dunning has conducted several research projects on the ancient Maya at places such as Tikal. Photo/Joseph Fuqua/UC Creative + Brand
Reservoirs near the temple and palace likely would have been impressive landmarks, much like the reflecting pool at the National Mall is today.
“It would have been a magnificent sight to see these brightly painted buildings reflected off the surface of these reservoirs,” said co-author Nicholas Dunning, head of geography in UC’s College of Arts and Sciences.
A model of Tikal at the National Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Guatemala City shows the impressive palace and temple reservoirs that fronted the city. UC researchers found toxic levels of mercury and cyanobacteria in two central reservoirs of Tikal. Photo/Nicholas Dunning/UC
“The Maya rulers conferred to themselves, among other things, the attribute of being able to control water. They had a special relationship to the rain gods,” Dunning said. “So the reservoir would have been a pretty potent symbol.”
UC’s Tankersley said one popular pigment used on plaster walls and in ceremonial burials was derived from cinnabar, a red-colored mineral composed of mercury sulfide that the Maya mined from a nearby volcanic feature known as the Todos Santos Formation.
A close examination of the reservoir sediment using a technique called energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry found that mercury did not leach into the water from the underlying bedrock. Likewise, Tankersley said, UC ruled out another potential source of mercury — volcanic ash that fell across Central America during the frequent eruptions. The absence of mercury in other nearby reservoirs where ash would have fallen ruled out volcanoes as the culprit.
Instead, Tankersley said, people were to blame.
“That means the mercury has to be anthropogenic,” Tankersley said.
With its bright red color, cinnabar was commonly used as a paint or pigment across Central America at the time.
“Color was important in the ancient Maya world. They used it in their murals. They painted the plaster red. They used it in burials and combined it with iron oxide to get different shades,” Tankersley said.
UC associate professor Kenneth Tankersley. Photo/Provided
“We were able to find a mineral fingerprint that showed beyond a reasonable doubt that the mercury in the water originated from cinnabar,” he said.
Tankersley said ancient Maya cities such as Tikal continue to captivate researchers because of the ingenuity, cooperation and sophistication required to thrive in this tropical land of extremes.
“When I look at the ancient Maya, I see a very sophisticated people with a very rich culture,” Tankersley said.
UC’s team is planning to return to the Yucatan Peninsula to pursue more answers about this remarkable period of human civilization.
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Musings of the Day - July 19th, 2022 - Strange Stones, Big Trees, and Nazis
So I’ve decided to start writing about my own thoughts, ranging from recently learned facts and concepts in psychology and meditation and the like as it relates to magibo, to updates on my own journey, to thoughts and concerns on current events as they similarly relate to the subject.
Today I’m gonna start off with a rather deep subject matter. I’m gonna be talking about a missed opportunity, a shameful chapter of my past and what it taught me, and how history rhymes out one shitty, depressing poem. Today, I’m talking about some weird stones in Georgia, big trees and conspiracy theories, and Nazi’s.
…I had come to realize this impulsivity towards a conspiratorial so-called skepticism that I once thought just a healthy part of being a concerned citizen was in reality a poisonous symptom of ignorance and fear that was historically responsible for everything from social ostricization to the rise of the Nazi’s in Germany.
Strange Stones, Big Trees and Conspiracy Theories, and Nazis
The Georgia Guidestones were anonymously erected in 1979 and had inscribed on them a kind of ten commandments of sorts, translated into eight different languages. In addition, their construction seemed to be inspired by some stone circles of old as it had various features directly correlating with astrological occurrences such as the solar equinoxes and solstices, leading to it being dubbed, “America’s Stonehenge.” Of the stated commandments, a couple in particular - one that advocated that humanity be maintained at a population under 500 million, and another that said reproduction should be guided to promote “fitness and diversity” - naturally and rightfully raised some eyebrows. This, however, must be understood under the context of a monument likely intended to be discovered by humanity after a nuclear apocalypse. The conspiracy theorists, as they love to do, ignored any of this context, and instead took it as a clear declaration of the Satanic New World Order plot of depopulation and genocide.
The stones fascinated me, and I always wanted to see them one day. But, as some of you might know, this is one item off the bucket list that will never be fulfilled. On the morning of July 6th, I checked my phone to see the news that my dreams of seeing the Georgia Guidestones one day had been shattered - literally. Overnight an as of yet unknown individual drove to the stones and detonated a bomb on one of the slabs, shattering it to pieces. Shortly thereafter the local authorities tore down the rest of the monument over concerns for public safety, and right wing nationalist conspiracy theorists and religious fanatics all over the Internet rejoiced - even including at least one sitting member of congress that I know of, as well as a failed local candidate who made it part of her platform to tear down the “satanic” monument.
I’ll shamefully admit I too had, once upon a time, excessive “concerns” over the monument. Influenced at an impressionable young age by Alex Jone’s bullshit rants and documentaries which I found entertainingly wacky and far fetched (…but sometimes, maybe he’s right!) and an unhealthy amount of Glenn Beck’s show, viewed with the world famous logical deduction and critical thinking skills of a twelve year old, had fallen for the Just Asking Questions JAQ-off schtick, hook line and sinker. To anyone new to the internet terminology of a “JAQ-off” or just looking for a good mockery of it, I recommend this South Park skit, as it pretty well parodies the kind of supposedly “thought-provoking” content these types produce. Rather this is your kind of humor or not, you’ll have a pretty good idea what I’m talking about after that one minute clip, and hopefully coming away with a good laugh too.
But overtime, and as I learned about history, and especially the history of Nazism in Germany, I had a few rather grim realizations and started to see a certain direction this conspiratorial echo chamber started pointing in, and I didn’t like it one bit. More and more, I saw this conspiracism becoming a fuel to “other” those political dissident to those that espoused them. Democrats became “demonrats,” Republicans that didn’t fall in line were filthy “RINO’s” (or Republicans In Name Only,) or from the more “libertarian” (yet, at that time in 2016 increasingly less libertarian and more just generally capitalist and nationalist) everyone had become “Agenda 21 agents / statists / globalist shills / etc” for daring to think maybe environmental protections are a good thing. I started to realize that among many of my friends parents, the Satanic Panic was alive and well. Magic: The Gathering was a plot to turn the children onto witchcraft and a popular craft brewery with a goat head motiff was clearly part of the plot, because goat heads are of the devil. As a long time eccentric, naturalistic pagan that hasn't always had the words to describe it, the Satanic Panic part is especially really uh, fun. Don’t even get me started on the gross slippery slope based othering of the LGBT+ community as groomers and pedophile enablers.
As I learned about Nazi Germany and the conspiracy theories that fueled it, I couldn’t shake off the uncanny parallels. Most notably, the conspiracy theory of blood libel alleged that a secret cabal of Jewish bolshevik globalists were plotting to abduct and sacrifice children in the blood libel ritual, and ultimately take over the world. Today, the most extreme fringes of the far right conspiracy theory bubble including the unhinged rants of Alex Jones I listened to and laughed off claims that a secret cabal of satanic communist globalists are plotting to abduct, abuse, and drain the blood of our children for “adrenochrome,” and ultimately take over the world.
Now most of our modern rising tide of far right, socially conservative authoritarianism doesn’t buy into the totality of these conspiracies, but it doesn’t have to. They’ve bought into it enough that it’s relatively normal to hear an unhinged uncle rant about the “DEMONRAT” party, or the goddamn RINO’s that won’t fall in line with the Party. They’ll hear that someone said they’re against fascism and immediately presume them a domestic terrorist threat. When they hear of a voluntary drag queen story hour at a public library, they picture a pedophile degenerate groomer that’s an existential threat to “our children.”
Essentially, I had come to realize this impulsivity towards a conspiratorial so-called skepticism that I once thought just a healthy part of being a concerned citizen was in reality a poisonous symptom of ignorance and fear that was historically responsible for everything from social ostricization to the rise of the Nazi’s in Germany. As I heard the news soon after that of the Guidestones that wildfires threatened the historic thousands year old giant Sequoias in California (a threat that, for this year at least, seems to be effectively mitigated), I wonder if this bucket list site will too come to an end before I can see it. I also can’t help but remember the now infamous comments of the Congresswoman Majorie Taylor Greene Jewish Space Laser Lady, asserting that increasing wildfires in California might be the result of a secret cabal of rich bankers (who happened to be Jewish) putting a giant laser in space and using it to start fires so they can blame it on global warming and destroy the American economy as part of a plot for world domination. Because apparently she thinks we’re living in a James Bond movie, only if the plot was written by a Nazi er, excuse me, a “concerned patriot.”
So now I’ve once again sat and pondered over the past few days, concerned. I’m thinking about the concerning insights my time in these circles gave me, how readily even years ago so many of them talked about committing terroristic violence on political dissidents “when the time comes.” I think about how we’ve already seen unprecedented , historic in the worst way kinds of events unfold. Just Asking Questions became Demanding Answers (but only the ones we like) became let’s Make America Great Again… By violently storming the capital, threatening to hang political dissidents, and for the keyboard warriors at home, ecstatic supportive posts on Facebook at the events, and at rumors that Trump might declare himself effectively dictator all to be soon deleted as they realize their little coup attempt had failed. The Guidestones were really just some old relic of Cold War fears, as interesting as they were, and their destruction isn’t such a big deal at the end of the day. But it is a sign of the times. History may not repeat itself, but it does rhyme, and right now this song is sounding pretty bleak.
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Ancient Maya reservoirs contained toxic pollution
Reservoirs in the heart of an ancient Maya city were so polluted with mercury and blue-green algae that the water likely was undrinkable.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati found toxic levels of pollution in four central reservoirs in Tikal, an ancient Maya city that dates back to the third century B.C. in what is now northern Guatemala.
UC’s findings suggest droughts in the ninth century likely contributed to the depopulation and eventual abandonment of the city.
“The conversion of Tikal’s central reservoirs from life-sustaining to sickness-inducing places would have both practically and symbolically helped to bring about the abandonment of this magnificent city,” the study concluded.
A geochemical analysis found that two reservoirs nearest the city palace and temple contained extremely high and toxic levels of mercury that UC researchers traced back to a pigment the Maya used to adorn buildings, clayware and other goods. During rainstorms, mercury in the pigment leached into the reservoirs where it settled in layers of sediment over the years.
The study was published in the Nature journal Scientific Reports.
Archaeologists and anthropologists have been trying to figure out what happened to the Maya for 100 years.
David Lentz,UC biology professor and lead author
Unravelling a mystery
UC’s diverse team was composed of anthropologists, geographers, botanists, biologists and chemists. They examined layers of sediment dating back to the ninth century when Tikal was a flourishing city.
Previously, UC researchers found that the soils around Tikal during the ninth century were extremely fertile and traced the source to frequent volcanic eruptions that enriched the soil of the Yucatan Peninsula.
“Archaeologists and anthropologists have been trying to figure out what happened to the Maya for 100 years,” said David Lentz, a UC professor of biological sciences and lead author of the study.
Full Gallery
UC graduate student Brian Lane climbs out of the Perdido Reservoir. Photo/Nicholas Dunning
For the latest study, UC researchers sampled sediment at 10 reservoirs within the city and conducted an analysis on ancient DNA found in the stratified sediment of four of them.
Sediment from the reservoirs nearest Tikal’s central temple and palace showed evidence of cyanobacteria. Consuming this water, particularly during droughts, would have made people sick even if the water were boiled, Lentz said.
“We found two types of blue-green algae that produce toxic chemicals. The bad thing about these is they’re resistant to boiling. It made water in these reservoirs toxic to drink,” Lentz said.
UC researchers said it is possible but unlikely the Maya used these reservoirs for drinking, cooking or irrigation.
“The water would have looked nasty. It would have tasted nasty,” said Kenneth Tankersley, an associate professor of anthropology in UC’s College of Arts and Sciences. “There would have been these big blue-green algae blooms. Nobody would have wanted to drink that water.”
Full Gallery
UC biologist David Lents said archaeologist and anthropologists have been trying for decades to understand why ancient Maya cities such as Tikal were abandoned. UC’s research is contributing to the answer. Photo/Joseph Fuqua/UC Creative + Brand
Precious resources
Researchers found lower but still toxic levels of mercury in sediments from more distant reservoirs called Perdido and Corriental, which also would have provided drinking water for city residents during the ninth century.
Full Gallery
The towering city of Tikal rises above the rainforest. Photo/David Lentz
Today, Tikal is a national park and a UNESCO World Heritage site. Researchers believe a combination of economic, political and social factors prompted people to leave the city and its adjacent farms. But the climate no doubt played a role, too, Lentz said.
“They have a prolonged dry season. For part of the year, it’s rainy and wet. The rest of the year, it’s really dry with almost no rainfall. So they had a problem finding water,” Lentz said.
Co-author Trinity Hamilton, now an assistant professor of biology at the University of Minnesota, worked on the analysis of ancient DNA from cyanobacteria that sank to the reservoir bottom and was buried by centuries of accumulated sediment.
“Typically, when we see a lot of cyanobacteria in freshwater, we think of harmful algal blooms that impact water quality,” Hamilton said.
Full Gallery
UC geography professor Nicholas Dunning has conducted several research projects on the ancient Maya at places such as Tikal. Photo/Joseph Fuqua/UC Creative + Brand
Reservoirs near the temple and palace likely would have been impressive landmarks, much like the reflecting pool at the National Mall is today.
“It would have been a magnificent sight to see these brightly painted buildings reflected off the surface of these reservoirs,” said co-author Nicholas Dunning, head of geography in UC’s College of Arts and Sciences.
Full Gallery
A model of Tikal at the National Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography in Guatemala City shows the impressive palace and temple reservoirs that fronted the city. UC researchers found toxic levels of mercury and cyanobacteria in two central reservoirs of Tikal. Photo/Nicholas Dunning/UC
“The Maya rulers conferred to themselves, among other things, the attribute of being able to control water. They had a special relationship to the rain gods,” Dunning said. “So the reservoir would have been a pretty potent symbol.”
UC’s Tankersley said one popular pigment used on plaster walls and in ceremonial burials was derived from cinnabar, a red-colored mineral composed of mercury sulfide that the Maya mined from a nearby volcanic feature known as the Todos Santos Formation.
A close examination of the reservoir sediment using a technique called energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry found that mercury did not leach into the water from the underlying bedrock. Likewise, Tankersley said, UC ruled out another potential source of mercury — volcanic ash that fell across Central America during the frequent eruptions. The absence of mercury in other nearby reservoirs where ash would have fallen ruled out volcanoes as the culprit.
Instead, Tankersley said, people were to blame.
“That means the mercury has to be anthropogenic,” Tankersley said.
With its bright red color, cinnabar was commonly used as a paint or pigment across Central America at the time.
“Color was important in the ancient Maya world. They used it in their murals. They painted the plaster red. They used it in burials and combined it with iron oxide to get different shades,” Tankersley said.
Full Gallery
UC associate professor Kenneth Tankersley. Photo/Provided
“We were able to find a mineral fingerprint that showed beyond a reasonable doubt that the mercury in the water originated from cinnabar,” he said.
Tankersley said ancient Maya cities such as Tikal continue to captivate researchers because of the ingenuity, cooperation and sophistication required to thrive in this tropical land of extremes.
“When I look at the ancient Maya, I see a very sophisticated people with a very rich culture,” Tankersley said.
UC’s team is planning to return to the Yucatan Peninsula to pursue more answers about this remarkable period of human civilization.
Featured image at top: UC researchers Nicholas Dunning, left, Vernon Scarborough and David Lentz set up equipment to take sediment samples during their field research at Tikal. Photo/Liwy Grazioso Sierra
source https://scienceblog.com/517102/ancient-maya-reservoirs-contained-toxic-pollution/
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From Hollywood to Silicon Valley, California projects an image as an economically thriving, politically liberal, sun-kissed El Dorado. It is a multiethnic experiment with a rising population, where the percentage of whites has fallen to 38 percent.
California’s Great Red North is the opposite, a vast, rural, mountainous tract of pine forests with a political ethos that bears more resemblance to Texas than to Los Angeles. Two-thirds of the north is white, the population is shrinking and the region struggles economically, with median household incomes at $45,000, less than half that of San Francisco.
In the same state that is developing self-driving cars, there’s the rugged landscape of Trinity County, where a large share of residents heat their homes with wood, plaques commemorate stagecoach routes and the county seat, Weaverville, is an old gold-mining town with a lone blinking stop-and-go traffic light.
The residents of this region argue that their political voice is drowned out in a system that has only one state senator for every million residents.
This sentiment resonates in other traditionally conservative parts of California, including large swaths of the Central Valley, which runs down the state, and it mirrors red and blue tensions felt in areas across the country. But perhaps nowhere else in California is the alienation felt more keenly than in the far north, an arresting panorama of fields filled with wildflowers and depopulated one-street towns that have never recovered from the gold rush.
“People up here for a very long time have felt a sense that we don’t matter,” said James Gallagher, a state assemblyman for the Third District, which is a shorter drive from the forests of Mount Hood in Oregon than from the beaches of San Diego. “We run this state like it’s one size fits all. You can’t do that.”
Many liberals in California describe themselves as the resistance to Mr. Trump. Residents of the north say they are the resistance to the resistance, politically invisible to the Democratic governor and Legislature. California’s strict regulations on the environment, gun control and hunting impinge on a rural lifestyle, they say, that urban politicians do not understand.
The state’s stringent air quality and climate change regulations may be appropriate for technology workers, Mr. Gallagher said, but they are onerous for people living in rural areas.
“In the rural parts of the state we drive more miles, we drive older cars, our economy is an agriculture- and resource-based economy that relies on tractors and trucks,” Mr. Gallagher said. “You can’t move an 80,000-pound load in an electric truck.”
A recently passed gas tax, pushed through by the Democratic majority, will disproportionately hurt rural voters, he said.
Taxation and hunting are two issues northerners are quick to seize upon when criticizing laws they feel are unfairly imposed by the state. But there are also more fundamental issues related to incomes and job opportunities that split California into a two-speed economy.
In the San Francisco Bay Area, unemployment rates hover around 3 percent. In the far north, where many timber mills have shut down in recent years, unemployment is as high as 6 percent in Shasta County and 16.2 percent in Colusa County.
Resentment toward the rest of California has a long history here — there have been numerous efforts to split the state since its founding in 1850. After the presidential election, a proposal to secede from the union, driven by liberals and known as Calexit, gained attention.
Residents here have long backed a different proposal for a separate state, one that would be carved out of Northern California and the southern reaches of Oregon. Flags of the so-called State of Jefferson, which was first proposed in the 19th century, fly on farms and ranches around the region.
Jefferson, named after the president who once envisioned establishing an independent nation in the western section of North America, is more a state of mind than a practicable proposal. Many see it as unrealistic for a region that has plenty of water and timber but perhaps not enough wealth to wean itself away from engines of the California economy.
However, two recent initiatives have channeled the deep feeling of underrepresentation.
In May, a loose coalition of northern activists and residents, including an Indian tribe and the small northern city of Fort Jones, joined forces to file a federal lawsuit arguing that California’s legislative system is unconstitutional because the Legislature has not expanded with the population.
The suit, filed against the California secretary of state, Alex Padilla, who oversees election laws in California, calls for an increase in the membership of the bicameral Legislature, which since 1862 has capped the number of lawmakers at 120.
#california#north california#usa#state of jefferson#cascadia#politics#urban rural divide#representation
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California’s Far North Deplores ‘Tyranny’ of the Urban Majority
By Thomas Fuller, NY Times, July 2, 2017
REDDING, Calif.--The deer heads mounted on the walls of Eric Johnson’s church office are testament to his passion for hunting, a lifestyle enjoyed by many in the northernmost reaches of California but one that Mr. Johnson says surprises people he meets on his travels around America and abroad.
“When people see you’re from California, they instantly think of ‘Baywatch,’” said Mr. Johnson, the associate pastor of Bethel Redding, a megachurch in this small city a three-and-a-half-hour drive north of San Francisco. “It’s very different here from the rest of California.”
Mr. Johnson lives in what might be described as California’s Great Red North, a bloc of 13 counties that voted for President Trump in November and that make up more than a fifth of the state’s land mass but only 3 percent of its population.
From Hollywood to Silicon Valley, California projects an image as an economically thriving, politically liberal, sun-kissed El Dorado. It is a multiethnic experiment with a rising population, where the percentage of whites has fallen to 38 percent.
California’s Great Red North is the opposite, a vast, rural, mountainous tract of pine forests with a political ethos that bears more resemblance to Texas than to Los Angeles. Two-thirds of the north is white, the population is shrinking and the region struggles economically, with median household incomes at $45,000, less than half that of San Francisco.
Jim Cook, former supervisor of Siskiyou County, which includes cattle ranches and the majestic slopes of Mount Shasta, calls it “the forgotten part of California.”
In the same state that is developing self-driving cars, there’s the rugged landscape of Trinity County, where a large share of residents heat their homes with wood, plaques commemorate stagecoach routes and the county seat, Weaverville, is an old gold-mining town with a lone blinking stop-and-go traffic light.
The residents of this region argue that their political voice is drowned out in a system that has only one state senator for every million residents.
This sentiment resonates in other traditionally conservative parts of California, including large swaths of the Central Valley, which runs down the state, and it mirrors red and blue tensions felt in areas across the country. But perhaps nowhere else in California is the alienation felt more keenly than in the far north, an arresting panorama of fields filled with wildflowers and depopulated one-street towns that have never recovered from the gold rush.
“People up here for a very long time have felt a sense that we don’t matter,” said James Gallagher, a state assemblyman for the Third District, which is a shorter drive from the forests of Mount Hood in Oregon than from the beaches of San Diego. “We run this state like it’s one size fits all. You can’t do that.”
Many liberals in California describe themselves as the resistance to Mr. Trump. Residents of the north say they are the resistance to the resistance, politically invisible to the Democratic governor and Legislature. California’s strict regulations on the environment, gun control and hunting impinge on a rural lifestyle, they say, that urban politicians do not understand.
The state’s stringent air quality and climate change regulations may be appropriate for technology workers, Mr. Gallagher said, but they are onerous for people living in rural areas.
“In the rural parts of the state we drive more miles, we drive older cars, our economy is an agriculture- and resource-based economy that relies on tractors and trucks,” Mr. Gallagher said. “You can’t move an 80,000-pound load in an electric truck.”
A recently passed gas tax, pushed through by the Democratic majority, will disproportionately hurt rural voters, he said.
Taxation and hunting are two issues northerners are quick to seize upon when criticizing laws they feel are unfairly imposed by the state. But there are also more fundamental issues related to incomes and job opportunities that split California into a two-speed economy.
In the San Francisco Bay Area, unemployment rates hover around 3 percent. In the far north, where many timber mills have shut down in recent years, unemployment is as high as 6 percent in Shasta County and 16.2 percent in Colusa County.
Despite a go-it-alone ethos, residents of the 13 counties in the northern bloc are much more likely to receive government medical assistance than those in the Bay Area. In the north, 31 percent take part in Medi-Cal, the California Medicaid program, while the Bay Area rate is 19 percent, and California’s overall figure 28 percent.
United States Representative Doug LaMalfa, a Republican representing Northern California’s First District, blames regulations that have shut down industries for the economic disparities.
“They’ve devastated ag jobs, timber jobs, mining jobs with their environmental regulations, so, yes, we have a harder time sustaining the economy, and therefore there’s more people that are in a poorer situation.”
Because incomes are significantly lower than the state average and the region is so thinly populated, tax revenue from the far north is a fraction of what urban areas contribute. In 2014, the 13 northern counties had a combined state income tax assessment of $1 billion, compared with $4 billion from San Francisco County.
Resentment toward the rest of California has a long history here--there have been numerous efforts to split the state since its founding in 1850. After the presidential election, a proposal to secede from the union, driven by liberals and known as Calexit, gained attention.
Residents here have long backed a different proposal for a separate state, one that would be carved out of Northern California and the southern reaches of Oregon. Flags of the so-called State of Jefferson, which was first proposed in the 19th century, fly on farms and ranches around the region.
Jefferson, named after the president who once envisioned establishing an independent nation in the western section of North America, is more a state of mind than a practicable proposal. Many see it as unrealistic for a region that has plenty of water and timber but perhaps not enough wealth to wean itself away from engines of the California economy.
However, two recent initiatives have channeled the deep feeling of underrepresentation.
In May, a loose coalition of northern activists and residents, including an Indian tribe and the small northern city of Fort Jones, joined forces to file a federal lawsuit arguing that California’s legislative system is unconstitutional because the Legislature has not expanded with the population.
The suit, filed against the California secretary of state, Alex Padilla, who oversees election laws in California, calls for an increase in the membership of the bicameral Legislature, which since 1862 has capped the number of lawmakers at 120.
The lawsuit argues that California now has the least representative system of any state in the nation. Each State Assembly member represents nearly 500,000 people and each state senator twice that.
“This arbitrary cap has created an oligarchy,” the lawsuit says.
By contrast, each member of the New York State Assembly represents on average 130,000 people; in New Hampshire, it’s 3,330 people for each representative.
Mark Baird, one of the plaintiffs, says residents of California’s far north feel as though they are being governed by an urbanized elite.
“I wake up in the morning and think, ‘What is California going to do to me today?”’ said Mr. Baird, a former airline pilot who owns a ranch about an hour’s drive from the Oregon border. In a grass valley framed by low-lying hills, Mr. Baird’s pastures are filled with his small herd of buffalo and a few pens of horses and donkeys.
Mr. Baird complains of restrictions on the types of guns he can own. “It’s tyranny by the majority,” he said. “The majority should never be able to deprive the minority of their inalienable rights.”
The second initiative is a proposed amendment to California’s Constitution that would change the method for dividing districts of the Legislature’s upper house, the Senate. Instead of being based on population as they are now, Senate seats would be tied to regions, giving a larger voice to rural areas in the same way the federal Senate does.
Mr. LaMalfa, who lives on a farm, says California’s urban denizens think of the rural areas as their “park,” and deplores what he describes as trophy legislation to protect animal species.
“You have idealists from the cities who say, ‘Wouldn’t it be great to reintroduce wolves to rural California?’” Mr. LaMalfa said. He has a half-serious counterproposal: “Let’s introduce some wolves into Golden Gate Park and the Santa Monica Pier.”
#California#California state government#northern california#California’s Great Red North#rural California
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