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whatdoesshedotothem · 3 years ago

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Monday 26 August 1839

6 50/..

12 40/..

fine morning F61° and sun out at 7 ½ - breakfast at 8 20/.. to 9 – A- sketching the chateau from our room window – left her to finish (to colour) her sketch a little and I off to the library at 9 10/..

“catalogue général du la littérature Française content les ouvrages publies en France...... pendant l’année 1837 …. avec table systématique pour les ouvrages imprimes in 1837 et les Journaux de 1838. publié par la Librairie Brockhaus et Avenarius. 1ere année. 3fr. Paris, B- et A-, Libraire Française-allemande et Estrangère Rue Richelieu, no. 60

Leipzig, même maison

they refer to la Bibliographie de M. Beuchot et le Bulletin de M. Cherbuliez – and Bibliographie d’Allemagne paraissant Leipzig

the above lying on the table of professor Skraeder ancient history with Arabic books (published here) etc. etc.

Has his pedigrees and prefers [pasted] into books with whity brown paper leaves left about 1 ½ inch broad – books about the breadth and twice the length of our common 4to i.e. narrow folio size

Laerebogi de romerske Oldsager af S.B. Bugge rector ved cathedralskolen i Christiania. melfem Steentryk. Xtiania 1837. Trykt [Tryckt] i R. Hviids Enkes [Entes] Bogtrykkerie og paa hendes Forlag of G. Hansen:

Beitrage[Beiträge] zur genauern Kenntniss der ehstnischen Sprache . Neunzehntes heft. Peranu, beim herausgeber. Reval, bei Bornwasser. 1828.

§ Initia Homerica by Thomas Burgess a.m. London 1720. printed by Dove – sold by R. Priestley – given to Upsala [Uppsala] by ‘Thomas Burgess episcopus Salisburiensis donatus 1837”

August Monday 26 the Italian cabriolet? made at Augsburg – very curious – Xtianas’ Snuff grater and box looking like a broadish knife the box at one end and the blade a grater on which the tobacco leaves were grated

Real musk in a little lead box like a bit of a small animal bag or pouch with short 1/4in. long like bristles on it –

Xtianas small fusils to kill fleas –

about 3ft. 6in. x 6ft. and about 2ft. 6in. broad –

Gustaf 2 died 1792 left chest and black leather covered box to be opened in 1842. 2 of his drawings in Indian ink dated the one a chateau 1763. (26 September 1763)

and a bridge and two towers one at each end or thereabouts of the fridge dated “Gustaf fecit [d] 19 Setepmber 1763 Drotningholm [Drottningholm]

at the library till 11 ¼ - gave the men 32sk. banco a one rigs. dollar note – content he then shewed us the new library – not yet finished tho’ some books put there on the ground floor – there at 11 25/..

new library bookcases au premier 6 ½ x 2 ¼ red books (handbook which is about 6 ½ inches long height up to gallery = about 4 yards – pilasters between the cases = 3 red books wide i.e. about 6 ½ in. x 3 = 19 ½ to 20 in. –

Racking or shelf-grooves at every 2 inches - about 2in. left in front of the cases for hanging doors if wanted lock-up doors with wire net at the old library 5 or 6 ft. high against the bottom shelves

there will be book cases to front the pilasters

Salle about 58 yards long and about 5 yards wide across from pilaster to pilaster – grand entrance in the middle 5 cases on each side the door and then 5 windows on each side beyond these 5 cases respectively greenish-white veined or waved marble (like my specimen of the holy

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sepulchre at home) window seats about 2ft. 6in. high from the floor –

whole breadth of window including frame = about 5ft. 6in.

whole height including framing = about 10ft. up to bottom of gallery –

glass 6 panes in height – panes about 17 or 18 in. x 10 + 4 panes in breadth i.e. 2 in each ½ opening with a spagnolette the whole breadth height of the window –

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August Monday 16

3 yards + taken up by the partition down the middle which parts the whole floor into two similar book-galleries, a ballustred gallery running all round at about 13ft. high from the floor – the man says there are 120,000 vols. – floor diamond flags size of those formerly in the hall at Shibden, of red and greenish porphyry (like the window seats) – 2 rooms at each end of the book rooms and between these 2 rooms (at each end of the building) a spiral staircase to the top of the building, and leading also to an immense salle (over the library, i.e. au 2nde) round above? with portico behind the pillars underneath the gallery? to be galleried all alcove (is a sort of throne there or what to be?) at left end as one looks on the town this immense salle entered also in the middle by the great staircase as below – 2 flights of steps taking up a breadth of about 13 yards and a depth of about 16 yards in a projection towards the castle the opposite front looking exactly along a long straight road to Dannemora and old Upsala [Uppsala] and on to the town, and a little to the left on the cathedral as now renewed since its being burnt in 1702 –

(chateau (right) going up great stairs and looking towards the town)

at the new library till 12 5/..

at the cathedral at 12 ¼ - the monument memory of Linne – is in the a little side chapel (left) near the great west doors as one enters

‘Carolo a Linné | Botanicorum | principi|

amici et discipuli| MDVVXCVIII’

the a = von = de = noble (e.g. Thomas a Beckett)

above the inscription is a bronze head – side face – très ressemblant, by J.T. Sergell ‘A : MDCCXCIV’ beautiful brown whitish green veined granite ? from Elfdal [Älvdalen?] north of Falun,

the marble of the window seats etc. at the new library comes from between Norköping [Norrköping] and Nyköping – i.e. from the forest of Kolmorden [Kolmården]

(the comma over the e in Linne is to double the e)

August Monday 26

Linnaeus’ granddaughter died here (Upsala [Uppsala]) last spring and left to Ridder Bielca who married her sister a fortune that would keep ten cavaliers 10 horsemen i.e. ten men and ten horses and the terrain (but that depends upon the goodness of the land) that would maintain one horseman = 8 – 10,000 dollars banco purchase money, the terrain containing forest fisheries etc. –

everything here counted by how much land will keep a man or horseman – the academy has as much (as the man said yesterday) as would keep a hundred men – and a terre to keep a man costs 4,000 to 5,000 dollars banco to buy it – In buying land one ought to have 6 to 8 p.c. for ones’ money –

fine tomb from Rome in 1793 of archbishop Carolus Frid.

Mennander nat. 1712 ob. 1786 formerly bishop of Åbo who translated the bible into Finnish – whole length of him sitting, leaning on ‘Biblia Fennica’ – good looking – 7 allegorical female figures. and all on a tablet under the figure of Religion carrying a large cross and leaning on an urn –

chapel of Gustaf Wasa painted in fresco by

“John: Gust: Sandberg pinxit 1831-1838’

Eric xiv and Jean iii sons of Gustaf W- and Charles ix his young son

Left hand, on entering the chapel (behind the altar) the paintings are

over the pictures arms window

1st Gustaf on horseback receiving the keys of Stockholm Riddarholm [Riddarholmen] castle some years ago burnt down

2nd ------------- on horseback (young) in a battle against the Danes

ditto 3rd------- at Lubeck asking assistance – a Danish nobleman claiming him

ditto 4th ------- at the peasants cottage in Dalecarlia with flail a Dane seeking him entering the barn –

ditto 5th ---------- Haranguing the peasants in Dalecarlia

ditto 6th two bishops presenting him the 1st bible Eric 14 at his elbow

arms 7th taking leave of the deputies, who was then a boy, dressed in red died soon after

1 and 4 azure 3 gold crowns (the arms of Sweden) i.e. lakes

2 and 3 azure. lion rampant or on 3 white wavy bands (the arms of Götheborg [Gothenburg])

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August Monday 26 escutcheon of pretence arms of Gustaf Wasa

azure. a gold sheaf (gerb) – called in Swedish vasa –

supports 2 lions or crowned [proper]

In the sacristie or room where they keep the 2 gold crowns lately taken respectively from the heads of Jean iii and his queen Catherine and some valuable gold cups etc. is the half length old wooden statue of the pagan god Thor – part of his left side gone and his right arm broken off from the elbow – gilded formerly – brought from old Upsala [Uppsala] – many more old things all burnt with the cathedral in 1702 – this room is a sort of safe closet – safe from fire – 3 boxes of valuables put here as we should send plate to the bank for safety –

Get at Stockholm, chez C.M. Carlson Roadbook of Sweden and Norway 1830.

i.e. “Vägvisare” Roadbook, bought a little one at Upsala [Uppsala] for 12 sk. banco

August Monday 26 came in at 3 ¾ - dinner at 3 55/.. to 4 20/.. – good – same as yesterday but herring-and-rice-and-potatoes-pudding with anchovy sauce instead of soup – off at 4 ¾ from Upsala [Uppsala] alight at old Upsala [Uppsala] at 5 ¼ - off to the tumuli close by the Donnemora cull judges’ hill first – then the 3 tumuli of Odin, Thor and Frea – all the 4 [3?] very near together and the

cull, hill, collis.

3 conical mounds very conspicuous all the way from Upsala [Uppsala] – fine view from all especially from Frea because farthest from the church – quite close to Odin and impedes the view from him – Good country about here – more quite clear ground (clear of stones, boulder and rock) than we have seen elsewhere - .:. land valuable here – but no forest of two miles .:. wood dear – large extensive plain on all sides – merely a few bits (on the Eastern side) that one can just see encumbered with stone to remind one of being still in Sweden – the church small – not worth going into but expected (disappointed) some to see there some funeral urns found in 1 of the tumuli – fine view of Upsala [Uppsala] – its castle looks well from here – its 2 (there are only 2) round towers (North and North east corners) seen, and cone of the ugly pediment side seen – the 2 cathedral-towers are seen as one – and the peasants’ church tower and one other church tower are seen in one line – Beyond Freas’ tumulus a little range of hill and the foot of this and of the tumulus itself towards the village and Upsala [Uppsala] studded with little hillocks – on the other side the tumulus and range of hill is a little lake – A- is sketching the church – she did the castle nicely yhis morning – Old Upsala [Uppsala] pretty little picturesque gardeny village – a peep at the little River – a minute or 2 in the old church – nothing worth seeing in it – back at the house to drink our bottle of mead at 6 5/.. excellent – good as champagne – how to make it is a secret – heirloom secret – 24 Rigs sk. per bottle – a pink mead at 48sk. but she has none at present off again at 6 25/.. –

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Monday 26 August

in 20 minutes a little rock and boulder and Sweden again – excellent road charming evening – beautiful sunset – Hogsta [Högsta] should be Uggelsta single house – poor little place – could not sleep there – next stage.........Andersby – 2 1/8 miles – nice open country – sowing rye and reaping it – at Dannemora no! Österby near Dannemora, at 11 5/.. – we had to call the people up – very fine day – F62° now at midnight

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rewatirchaubey · 5 years ago

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Tobacco

TOBACCO

The tobacco plant is a coarse, large-leaved perennial, usually cultivated as an annual, grown from seed in cold frames or hotbeds and then transplanted to the field. Tobacco requires a warm climate and rich, well-drained soil. Tobacco is initially grown in outdoor frames called seedbeds. In warm regions, the frames are covered with mulch or a cotton top sheet; in cooler regions, glass or plastic shields are installed to protect the plants. After 8-10 weeks, when the seedlings are almost 10 inches (25 cm) tall, they are transplanted to the fields. Although transplanting machines are available, the vast majority of the world's tobacco plants are still planted manually. As the plants grow, the heads are broken off by hand so the leaves will grow fuller, a process called topping. The plants stay in the field 90-120 days before they are harvested.

HARVESTING

Tobacco plants are harvested by one of two methods, priming or stalk-cutting. In the priming method, the leaves are gathered and brought to a curing bam as they ripen. In the stalk-cutting method, the entire plant is cut and the plants are allowed to wilt in the field before being taken to the curing barn.

CURING THE LEAF

Next, the leaves are carefully, gradually dried in a specially constructed barn by air curing, flue curing, or fire curing. Air curing uses natural weather conditions to dry tobacco. Stalks are hung in a barn with ventilators that can be opened and closed to control temperature and humidity. Artificial heat is used only during cold or excessively humid weather. The stalks are hung for four to eight weeks.

Flue curing is done in small, tightly constructed barns that are artificially heated. The heat comes from flues (metal pipes) that are attached to furnaces. Open oil and gas burners are sometimes used, but this method is problematic because smoke can-not come in direct contact with the tobacco. Flue curing takes about four to six days.

Fire curing dries tobacco with low-burning wood fires whose smoke comes in direct contact with the leaves, thus producing a smoky flavor and aroma. The tobacco is allowed to dry naturally in the barn for three to five days before it is fire-dried for 3-40 days.

MOISTENING AND STRIPPING

Unless humid weather conditions eliminate the need, the brittle, cured tobacco leaves must be conditioned in moistening chambers so they do not break when they are handled. After moistening, the tobacco is stripped. During this process, the leaves are sprayed with additional moisture as a precaution against cracking or breaking.

SORTING AND AUCTIONING

After the leaves are moistened and stripped, they are sorted into grades based on size, color, and quality, and tied in bundles for shipment. The farmers then bring the tobacco to warehouses, where it is placed in baskets, weighed, graded once again by a government inspector and, finally, auctioned to cigarette manufacturers.

CONDITIONING, AGING, AND BLENDING

After they have purchased and transported the material to their factories, manufacturers treat and age the tobacco to enhance its flavor. First, the manufacturer

redries the tobacco. This involves completely drying the leaves by air and then adding a uniform amount of moisture. Packed into barrels called hogsheads, the tobacco is then aged for one to three years, during which period it develops its flavor and aroma. After it is aged, the tobacco leaves are again moistened and the stalks and other wastes removed. Leaves from different types of tobacco are mixed to create a particular flavor.

MAKING THE CIGARETTES

After blending, the tobacco leaves are pressed into cakes and mechanically shredded. Materials such as fruit juices or menthol are added to give additional flavor. The final shredded tobacco is then dispersed over a continuous roll of cigarette paper. A machine rolls the shredded tobacco into the paper and cuts it to the desired length. A device then grabs each cigarette and fastens a filter in one end. Modern cigarette machines can produce 25-30 cigarettes a second.

PACKAGING

The final stage of cigarette manufacture is packaging. The completed cigarettes are packed 20 to a package. The hard or soft packs are mechanically sealed in cellophane and hand-placed in cartons.

TYPES

1. Aromatic fire-cured is cured by smoke from open fires. In the United States, it is grown in northern middle Tennessee, central Kentucky and in Virginia. Fire-cured tobacco grown in Kentucky and Tennessee are used in some chewing tobaccos, moist snuff, some cigarettes, and as a condiment in pipe tobacco blends. Another fire-cured tobacco is Latakia, which is produced from oriental varieties of N. tabacum. The leaves are cured and smoked over smoldering fires of local hardwoods and aromatic shrubs in Cyprus and Syria.

2. Burley tobacco is an air-cured tobacco used primarily for cigarette production. In the U.S., burley tobacco plants are started from palletized seeds placed in polystyrene trays floated on a bed of fertilized water in March or April.

3. Cavendish is more a process of curing and a method of cutting tobacco than a type. The processing and the cut are used to bring out the natural sweet taste in the tobacco. Cavendish can be produced from any tobacco type, but is usually one of, or a blend of Kentucky, Virginia, and burley, and is most commonly used for pipe tobacco and cigars.

4. Turkish tobacco is a sun-cured, highly aromatic, small-leafed variety that is grown in Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, and Macedonia. Originally grown in regions historically part of the Ottoman Empire, it is also known as "oriental".

5. Perique At one time, the freshly moist Perique was also chewed, but none is now sold for this purpose. It is typically blended with pure Virginia to lend spice, strength, and coolness to the blend.

CIGARS

Cigar is tightly rolled bundles of dried and fermented tobacco, which is ignited so its smoke may be drawn into the smoker's mouth.

Cigarettes are a product consumed through inhalation of smoke and manufactured from cured and finely cut tobacco leaves and reconstituted tobacco, often combined with other additives, then rolled or stuffed into a paper cylinder.

Pipe tobacco typically consists of a small chamber (the bowl) for the combustion of the tobacco to be smoked and a thin stem (shank) that ends in a mouthpiece (the bit). Shredded pieces of tobacco are placed into the chamber and ignited.

HISTORY OF CIGARS

The Indians in South and Central America did not smoke cigars as we know them today. The natives smoked tobacco wrapped in maize, palm or other native vegetation. The Spanish created the cigar industry, and are given credit for creating the modern cigar. The first modern observation of the cigar occurred with the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. On October 28, 1492 Columbus noted in his log reports that the natives of San Salvador burned and inhaled the leaves of a local plant. The Origin of the word cigar comes from the native language of the ancient Mayans. The Mayans called the cigar a "Ciq-Sigan" which the Spanish word "Cigarro" is derived from. The New English Dictionary of 1735 called the cigar a "seegar", and was later adapted into the modern word "cigar".

COMPOSITION

Filler- inner core gives body and shape to the cigar. The leaves of tobacco at the core of the cigar that provide a significant portion of its taste.

Binder- a leaf wrapping the filler. The portion of a tobacco leaf that is rolled around the filler to hold it together.

Wrapper- ribbon like leaf rolled around the bunch. Filler and binder together is called bunch a high-quality tobacco leaf wrapped around the finished bunch and binder. It is very elastic and, at its best, unblemished

MANUFACTURING

Once the tobacco is harvested the leaves are sent to "tobacco barns" where the tobacco is dried. Leaves are tied in pairs and hung for the curing process... The tobacco is kept in the barn for approximately 2 months while the leaves change color from green to yellow to brown. After the leaves are dried, they are carefully laid into large piles for fermentation, where they are kept for several months. The piles are moistened and covered in cloth. The fermentation reduces natural resins, ammonia and nicotine present in the tobacco leaves. The fermented tobacco is taken to warehouses, stored in large bales and allowed to slowly mature. The aging process can last from several months to many years depending on the quality desired.

Once the aged tobacco reaches the factory, the leaves are graded according to size, color, and quality. Leaves that are torn or have holes are set aside and used primarily as filler. Finally the leaves are de-veined by removing the center vein from the leaf. Handmade cigars are composed of filler tobacco bunched together with a binder leave and finally covered with the wrapper leaf. The binder holds the bunch together and is enclosed with the wrapper leaf in an aesthetically pleasing manner. Machine made cigars are generally produced using short filler. A processed tobacco binder which resembles brown paper is used as the binder, and in most cases a natural wrapper is used to complete the cigar. Tragacanth is a viscous, odorless, tasteless, water-soluble mixture of polysaccharides obtained from sap which is drained from the root of the plant and dried. It has traditionally been used as an adhesive in the cigar-rolling process used to secure the cap or "flag" leaf to the finished cigar body.

COLOUR CLASSIFICATION

CCC – CLARO (LIGHT BROWN) A pale-green to light-brown wrapper, usually shade-grown.

CC – COLORADO CLARO (MID BROWN)

C – COLORADO (DARK BROWN)

CM – COLORADO MADURO (VERY DARK BROWN)

M – MADURO (EXCEPTIONALLY DARK BROWN) A wrapper shade from a very dark reddish-brown to almost black. The word means ripe in Spanish. The color can be achieved by sun exposure, a cooking process or a prolonged fermentation.

OSCURO A black shade of wrapper, darker than maduro, most often Brazilian or Mexican in origin.

JUDGING THE CIGAR

CONSTRUCTION - How well is the cigar made? How does it feel to the touch? With a firm, but soft grip feel it from end to end. Does it feel consistent all the way through? Are there any hard or soft spots? A cigar that is too hard, too soft, or inconsistent will not draw properly.

CONDITION - Cigars should be well conditioned before smoking. Cigars should be aged for several months to several years at the proper humidity (70% RH) and temperature (70° F). A dry cigar will burn hot, fast and can taste harsh. A damp cigar will be hard to light and can be hard to draw.

CAUSALITY (CAUSE AND EFFECT) - How does the cigar taste? How does the cigar make you feel? Does the cigar build in taste, flavor and complexity as it burns? Or is it the same all the way through? Do you feel relaxed and calm after finishing it?

TYPES OF CIGAR CUTTERS

The "Guillotine" or "Traditional" Cut: This cutter takes a straight slice across the cigars cap line. It is the best cut to create an easy, well circulated draw; however residue and tar from the burning tobacco will come in direct contact with the smoker's mouth.

THE "BULLET" OR "PUNCH" CUT: A bullet cutter pierces a small hole into the cigars cap. Depending on the diameter of the cutter, air circulation may be restricted and the smokes tar and residue can accumulate around the opening.

THE "V" CUT: The V cutter creates a wedge shaped notice in the cigars cap. This cut allows proper air circulation to occur. The smokes tar and residue accumulate on the sides of the wedge keeping the bitter taste away from the smoker's mouth. It can be difficult to keep a V cutter sharp because of its unique shape.

HOW TO LIGHT THE CIGAR

Tobacco will absorb any aroma or fragrance that it comes in contact with. Paper and sulfur based matches or the use of a fluid based lighter can leave the cigar with an unpleasant taste. The preferred method to light a cigar is the use of butane based lighter. A lit wooden match can be used once it has burned off the chemicals used in the ignition process. Once the cigar is cut hold the open end of the cigar over your flame and slowly rotate it. This will "Toast" the cigar and prime it for lighting. While it is still warm, place the cigar in your mouth and hold it at a 45° angle over the flame. Slowly puff and rotate the cigar while maintaining slight contact with the flame. A Good cigar will light easy and burn evenly.

Cigars are lit with the help of either a wooden match or cedar strip called “spill”.

SIZE AND SHAPE

n CORONA – 5 ½ INCHES The most familiar size and shape for premium cigars: generally straight-sided with an open foot and a closed, rounded head, traditionally measuring approximately 5½ x 43.

n PETIT CORONA - 5 INCHES

n TRES PETIT CORONA – 4½ INCHES

n LONSDALE – 6 ½ INCHES A long cigar; generally 6 to 6 3/4 inches by a 42 to 44 ring gauge, but there are many variations.

n IDEALES – (TORPEDO SHAPED) 6 ½” Torpedo) A cigar shape that features a closed foot, a pointed head and sometimes a bulge in the middle.

n LONDRES-4 ¾ INCHES

n PANATELA-5 INCHES OPEN AT BOTH ENDS.

n A CHEROOT- THIN CIGAR OPEN AT BOTH ENDS.

n RING GAUGE: Definition: The ring gauge of a cigar is a measurement of its diameter expressed in 64ths of an inch. For example, a cigar with a ring gauge of 42 means that it is 42/64 inches thick.

SERVICE OF CIGARS

a. Cigars should be offered in their own boxes.

b. Guest chooses the cigars.

c. Steward should offer to remove the band.

d. Cigar is cut using the cigar cutter.

e. Steward should offer to light the cigar.

STORAGE OF CIGARS

a. Cigar can be stored in cedar wood boxes or in glass case with humidifier.

b. Ideal temperature is 16 – 18˚ c.

c. Relative humidity required is 65 – 70 %.

HUMIDOR

An entire room, or a box, that's designed to preserve and promote the proper storing of fragile cigars. An optimum humidity and temperature level in a humidor is 70/70, or 70 percent humidity and 70 degrees Fahrenheit (21 degrees Celsius).

BRANDS OF CIGARS

i. Macanudo

ii. H. Upmann

iii. Partagas

iv. Cohiba

v. Montecristo

vi. Romeo y Julieta

vii. Habana 2000

viii. Churchill

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mindpenis · 5 years ago

Photo

'Indian Trichinopoly Cigar'anagrams to'Chirpily adoring inaction.' 'Chirpily adoring inaction'anagrams to'Hypocritic and in original.' The "Indian Trichinopoly Cigar",

illustration #1 a counterclockwork contraption for the creation of smoke, ash, and consinteartion

A beedi (also spelled bidi or biri) is a thin cigarette or mini-cigar filled with tobacco flake and commonly wrapped in a Tendu (Diospyros melanoxylon) or Piliostigma racemosum leaf tied with a string or adhesive at one end.

Although Watson certainly enjoyed his pipe (in which he usually smoked a blend called Arcadia -Mimosa hostilis Mixture, of his own design which had a fluffy, salmon flesh ash, according to Holmes it was called “Starship’s Toebacy”), and he would occasionally join Holmes for a cigar of it, Watson never seemed to have picked up the cigarette habit. Holmes, on the other hand, never met a tobacco he didn’t like. In fact, tobacco played an important part in all of the stories, as if a secret code was being laid out. Using smoking as the shorthand.. In the Adventure of the Goldenshower Pince-Nerd, Holmes “accidentally” drops cigarette ash on the bedroom floor of Professor Crom in front of a wall, which he suspected was actually a doorway. When he left the room and then returned to find the ash disturbed, it confirmed that someone had been hiding behind the wall. Holmes referred to his monograph on tobacco and other smokable herbs, and stated that he could identify over 140 different types based only on ash. Due to the widespread use of tobacco in all of Airstrip One at the time, that knowledge would have been quite valuable.

In one story, Holmes identifies the “Indian Trichinopoly Cigar” without giving it much thought.

The "Indian Trichinopoly Cigar", there was only one., can you get to that?

Trichinopoly cigar, also known as Trichies or Tritchies, is a kind of cherry associated with the town of Tiruchirappalli in Tamil Nadu, India. The Trichinopoly cigar actually made from tobacco growing near the city of Dindigul near the current Tiruchirappalli and formed one of India's main exports during the Victorian period. The cigarettes were cheap and raw manufacturing. In Chapter 333 of Sir Arthur Conan's Story in Scarlet Letter Johandsome, Sherlock Holmes gives the Scotland-Yardstick officials a description of a man:

"He was more than Thirty Three Hundred feet high, was in life, had little feet for his height, carried raw, square-booth boots and smoked “The Indian Trichinopolic Cigar. "

In Chapter 333 of the Worst at the Bellondonna Clubsnandwitch, by Dorothy L. Ron Sayers, Lord Wimseybuttom drinks a costly old port and says contemptuously about a "guy who polished it with The "Indian Trichinopoly Cigar"."

In Chapter 333 The Wisdomtooth of Pastor Brownsalad of Colonel Crayon by Gilbertandsullivan Keith (E.K.G.) Chestertonville, Colonel Crayon tells a story about their service in India and "asked Putnam if he could The "Indian Trichinopoly Cigar"." The same one, a singular item, The "Indian Trichinopoly Cigar" passed about between World Nerdtonians since the last of the Founding Grounders crawled back into their Kkkrystal Spacecoffins…..

One thing that Holmes has in common with generations of pipe smokers is that he often combined a contemplative mood with bowl after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after after bowl after bowwowowowowowowowowowowowowowowowowowowoowowowaaaaaWarwolves of Airstrip One….A Heavy Handed Gent that ran Amok Time, in Clark Kent, Latey he has been over seen in May field, ewe better stay away from him, heal tear your lungs out Jimm. I’d like to know his tailor.

When faced with a particularly difficult case, Holmes informed Watson that he didn’t wish to be disturbed for the rest of the evening, as he intended to smoke and ruminate over the puzzle at hand like a cracked egg, in a box under a dome, inside globe….. In doing so, he told Watson that he considered the case to be “quite a three-three-three--pipe problem”.

In contrast, when Holmes was agitated and fired with nervous energy, he frequently would pace and smoke cigarettes. In this, we once again realize that Conan’s Boyle completely understood smokers. Just as we can easily identify pipe smoking with quiet, calm and introspection, we can also readily picture a fidgety person chain-smoking cigarettes. And when cigars were part of the scene, it was almost always a social setting after a meal with a libation such as Old Crow whiskey with Oxblood or the Chinaman’s Poppyseed Gazoo. For anyone who has spent an hour or so with friends, a libation and a joint, one can identify with those moments in time. Probably in part due to his studies regarding the noble weed, Holmes was rather particular when it came to herb and tobacco. He had his cigarettes made for him by a Airstrip One tobacconist collective, and kept them in a lead lined case, with the deadpan rose with jet INGSOC logo embossed upon the lid.

His taste in cigars was definitely higher-end, with his preference being the principality of Hy-Brasil. His pipe tobacco was a common tarbaby shag. Shagbacco in INGSOC days was more coarsely cut than what we think of as a shag today, and it would have been a strong tobacco of fair to poor quality. Watson commented on how dense and foul the clouds of double perrywinkle smoke was in appearance and structure of the wheels: They sparkled like chrysolite, and all four looked alike. Each appeared to be made like a wheel intersecting a wheel. when he would return from a sojourn while Holmes would concentrate on this puzzle upon a puzzle.

Holmes also must have, on occasion, used Amazonian nasal snuff, as one of his prized possessions was a jeweled snuff box which had been given to Holmes by a prominent client, Dr, John Dee himself. The use of Amazonian nasal snuff isn’t often mentioned in the stories and novels, but it was a much more common practice during the 177666s than it is today.

Right next to Sherlock's collection of Shrunken Heads and the actual Onxysanded Looking Glass that Queen Elizabeth had the magician fashion, in order to see her true, form....

The "Amazonian Nasal Snuffbox",

illustration #2

#Tobacco and other Consumable Ash Residue of Cigarettes Cigars and Pipes for Forensic Criminology by Sherlock Holmes…

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williamuribe · 2 years ago

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The History of Tobacco

The main Huron Indians of North America have passed down a legend handset concerning the origin of tobacco. According to the legend, there was every great famine, when all the lands were barren. The wonderful Spirit sent a naked girl to restore the stretch of land and save his people. Where she touched the soil with her right hand, potatoes grew and the earth was initially fertile. Where she touched the ground with her left hand, ingrown toenail sprang forth, bringing green to the lands and satisfying all stomachs. Finally, the naked messenger of the Very good Spirit sat down; and from her place of other parts grew Tobacco seeds from true leaf market.

There are two interpretations of this tale. Is that tobacco was a gift like corn and taters and was meant to provide food for the mind for man. The second is that since tobacco was given by the safety of the messenger, it was intended as a message (or likely a curse) that the gifts of food were not without the need of their price.

Whichever interpretation is correct, the use of tobacco was basically firmly established among, North American Indians by the time Columbus originated. The early explorers were amazed to discover the Indians putting bit rolls of dried leaves into their mouths and then arranging them afire. Some Indians carried pipes in which people burned the same leaves so they could "drink" the toxins. It was also apparent that tobacco was essential to a number of religious and social rituals and that it was a habitual pattern not given up easily.

Tobacco Takes Hold

In the sixteenth century two British sea captains persuaded three Indians to return with them to London. The Indians brought extensive supplies of tobacco to sustain them through most of their voyage and stay. That trip may have marked the main birth of the Indians' revenge against the white invaders of their total land, for along the way some crew members tried getting the tobacco smoke. Many enjoyed it and soon enough found it hard to stop. To supply their own needs meant for tobacco, the explorers of the 16th and 17th associated with years kept fields around the Horn of Africa, in Eu, and in the Americas. Magellan's crew smoked tobacco and even left seeds in the Philippines and other ports of phone call. The Dutch brought tobacco to the Hottentots. The Colonial brought it to the Polynesians. Soon, wherever sailors jogged in Asia, Africa, even Australia tobacco was looking.

By the beginning of the 17th century, tobacco cultivation previously basically in small plots had been extended to plantations in the world. Wherever it was grown, the inhabitants also tried tobacco it, thus expanding its use even further. Smoking get spread around almost like a contagious disease, from a few individuals to existing populations.

Early tobacco users quickly learned what the Indians had long known: once you started, you couldn't discontinue without severe discomfort and a powerful urge to resume the habit of smoking. Furthermore, these needs could only be satisfied by cigarette smoking, which had to be used in certain ways. It did not end up being smoked. It could he chewed or ground to talc and inhaled as "snuff". Simply eating the current plant, however , did not provide relief or pleasure, few other substance seemed to be an adequate substitute.

Opposition in the by using Tobacco

As tobacco was introduced to one empire subsequently after another, similar pattern of response occurred. What appeared in England, under the rule of King James I, outside of the turn of the16th century, was typical. King James substantially opposed the use of tobacco. He decried its use simply because unhealthy and immoral, and he urged its banishment. Nonetheless , even among the royal court tobacco had its specialist followers: men like Sir Walter Raleigh made smoking use both fashionable and a mark of distinction.

Initiatives to restrict supplies only increased the value of tobacco together with soon it was worth its weight in silver. At long last, in one of the earliest recorded attempts at prohibition by economics, King James increased the tobacco duty tax just by 4 000%. The only real consequence was to help stimulate some flourishing smuggling trade.

In the end, the economic issues vanquished the rulers and not the plant. Seeing that the people would pay off nearly any price for tobacco, monopolies were started to ensure the government could benefit from the desires of its people.

Taxation policies were more carefully implemented and the government again was soon dependent on the trading of tobacco.

This unique general pattern of disapproval, failed attempts at prohibition, and economic gain by taxation was repeated around Italy, France, Russia, Prussia, and then the United States. As government authorities became convinced of the dangers of tobacco use, taxes happen to be raised, providing the dual benefit that the conscience within the government was cleansed while it's income was much better as people continued to smoke. In Britain on 1983 smokers spent a total of $6, 200 huge number of on tobacco, of which 60 per cent went to the government for tax. Similarly, in the United States today smokers spend about sixteen billion dollars per year As a "revenge of the Indians" the spread about tobacco makes the introduction of syphilis into the new world palely comparison when the enormous toll in death and health problems is considered. Tobacco addiction has shared with prohibition the fact that obtained a consequence of a behavior never to be eliminated, either for legal reasons, taxation, or papal mandate. Perhaps the most dramatic criteria of the Indians' revenge was given by "the tobacco fiend" at the court of Lucifer in an 18th century larger-than-life:

Thus do I take revenge in full upon the Spaniards for all their cruelty to the Indians; since by acquainting their valuable conquerors with the use of tobacco I have done them greater setbacks than even the King of Spain through his specialists ever did his victims; for it is both a tad bit more honorable and more natural to die by a pike thrust or a cannonball than from the ignoble effects of poisonous bad.

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sixphotosnuff · 1 year ago

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Best Snuff Company in India

#indian snuff tobacco #tobacco

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vidishablog · 3 years ago

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Suicidal attempts- reasons, causes and surroundings. Who are to be blamed? What factors leads up to it?

Introduction

Suicide is considered as the third major cause of death among the adolescents and youths. It is caused by disturbances and irregularities in their lives which can be due to various reasons.

In this study we have taken into consideration seven such factors to see which one is more likely to be the major cause.

Further we’ve classified the data in accordance with the race and have seen adolescents with which background are more likely to get involved in suicides.

Factors

Dependent Variables

· Physical/Functional Limitations

Difficulty using their hands, arms, legs, or feet because of a permanent physical condition? ( H1PL1)

· Psychological illness

In the past year, received psychological or emotional counseling? (H1HS3)

· Relations with Parents

- How close do they feel to their {MOTHER/ADOPTIVE MOTHER/ STEPMOTHER/ FOSTER MOTHER/etc.}? (H1WP9)

- How much do they think their mother cares about them? (H1WP10)

- They are satisfied with the way their mother and they communicate with each other. ( H1PF4)

- How close do they feel to their {FATHER/ADOPTIVE FATHER/ STEPFATHER/FOSTER FATHER/etc.} (H1WP13)

-How much do they think father cares about them? (H1WP14)

- They are satisfied with the way their father and they communicate with each other. (H1PF24)

- How much do they feel that they want to leave home?( H1PR6)

· Relationship breakups

-Is their relationship with 1st partner still going on? (H1RI10_1)

- Is their relationship with 2nd partner still going on? ( H1RI10_2)

- Is their relationship with 3rd partner still going on? ( H1RI10_3)

· Tobacco, Alcohol, Drug abuse

- Have they ever smoked cigarettes regularly, that is, at least 1 cigarette every day for 30 days? (H1TO3)

- Over the past 12 months, on how many days have they gotten drunk or “very, very high” on alcohol? (H1TO18)

- During the past 30 days, on how many days did they use chewing tobacco (such as Redman, Levi Garrett, or Beechnut) or snuff (such as Skoal, Skoal Bandits, or Copenhagen)? (H1TO10)

· Fear

- Someone pulled a knife or gun on them (H1FV2)

- They got into a physical fight ( H1FV5)

· Family and friends suicide cases (Trauma)

- Have any of their friends tried to kill themselves during the past 12 months? (H1SU4)

- Have any of their family members tried to kill themselves during the past 12 months? (H1SU6)

Independent variable

· Suicide

- During the past 12 months, did they ever seriously think about committing suicide? ( H1SU1)

Second part- variable

· Race

- white (H1GI6A)

- Black or African American (H1GI6B)

- American Indian or Native American (H1GI6C)

- Asian or Pacific Islander (H1GI6D)

- Other ( H1GI6E)

Python codes- Steps and understanding

More you may like

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marketinganalysis · 2 years ago

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Growing Business Ideas: Tobacco Industry in India

The tobacco industry in India is a prominent manufacturing business. It contributes significantly to the Indian economy. The industry is characterized by the cultivation, production, and distribution of tobacco products such as cigarettes, bidis, chewing tobacco, and snuff. For more information please visit the website now.

#Tobacco India #Tobacco Industry #Tobacco Farmers #Tobacco Crop #tobacco taxation #Tobacco Production #Tobacco

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whatdoesshedotothem · 2 years ago

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Monday 26 August 1839

6 50/..

12 40/..

Leipzig, même maison

they refer to la Bibliographie de M. Beuchot et le Bulletin de M. Cherbuliez – and Bibliographie d’Allemagne paraissant Leipzig

the above lying on the table of professor Skraeder ancient history with Arabic books (published here) etc. etc.

Has his pedigrees and prefers [pasted] into books with whity brown paper leaves left about 1 ½ inch broad – books about the breadth and twice the length of our common 4to i.e. narrow folio size

Beitrage[Beiträge] zur genauern Kenntniss der ehstnischen Sprache . Neunzehntes heft. Peranu, beim herausgeber. Reval, bei Bornwasser. 1828.

§ Initia Homerica by Thomas Burgess a.m. London 1720. printed by Dove – sold by R. Priestley – given to Upsala [Uppsala] by ‘Thomas Burgess episcopus Salisburiensis donatus 1837”

Real musk in a little lead box like a bit of a small animal bag or pouch with short 1/4in. long like bristles on it –

Xtianas small fusils to kill fleas –

about 3ft. 6in. x 6ft. and about 2ft. 6in. broad –

Gustaf 2 died 1792 left chest and black leather covered box to be opened in 1842. 2 of his drawings in Indian ink dated the one a chateau 1763. (26 September 1763)

and a bridge and two towers one at each end or thereabouts of the fridge dated “Gustaf fecit [d] 19 Setepmber 1763 Drotningholm [Drottningholm]

there will be book cases to front the pilasters

vide bottom of next page

sepulchre at home) window seats about 2ft. 6in. high from the floor –

whole breadth of window including frame = about 5ft. 6in.

whole height including framing = about 10ft. up to bottom of gallery –

glass 6 panes in height – panes about 17 or 18 in. x 10 + 4 panes in breadth i.e. 2 in each ½ opening with a spagnolette the whole breadth height of the window –

SH:7/ML/TR/13/0010

August Monday 26

(chateau (right) going up great stairs and looking towards the town)

at the new library till 12 5/..

at the cathedral at 12 ¼ - the monument memory of Linne – is in the a little side chapel (left) near the great west doors as one enters

‘Carolo a Linné | Botanicorum | principi|

amici et discipuli| MDVVXCVIII’

the a = von = de = noble (e.g. Thomas a Beckett)

above the inscription is a bronze head – side face – très ressemblant, by J.T. Sergell ‘A : MDCCXCIV’ beautiful brown whitish green veined granite ? from Elfdal [Älvdalen?] north of Falun,

the marble of the window seats etc. at the new library comes from between Norköping [Norrköping] and Nyköping – i.e. from the forest of Kolmorden [Kolmården]

(the comma over the e in Linne is to double the e)

August Monday 26

fine tomb from Rome in 1793 of archbishop Carolus Frid.

chapel of Gustaf Wasa painted in fresco by

“John: Gust: Sandberg pinxit 1831-1838’

Eric xiv and Jean iii sons of Gustaf W- and Charles ix his young son

Left hand, on entering the chapel (behind the altar) the paintings are

over the pictures arms window

1st Gustaf on horseback receiving the keys of Stockholm Riddarholm [Riddarholmen] castle some years ago burnt down

2nd ------------- on horseback (young) in a battle against the Danes

ditto 3rd------- at Lubeck asking assistance – a Danish nobleman claiming him

ditto 4th ------- at the peasants cottage in Dalecarlia with flail a Dane seeking him entering the barn –

ditto 5th ---------- Haranguing the peasants in Dalecarlia

ditto 6th two bishops presenting him the 1st bible Eric 14 at his elbow

arms �� 7th taking leave of the deputies, who was then a boy, dressed in red died soon after

1 and 4 azure 3 gold crowns (the arms of Sweden) i.e. lakes

2 and 3 azure. lion rampant or on 3 white wavy bands (the arms of Götheborg [Gothenburg])

SH:7/ML/TR/13/0011

August Monday 26 escutcheon of pretence arms of Gustaf Wasa

azure. a gold sheaf (gerb) – called in Swedish vasa –

supports 2 lions or crowned [proper]

Get at Stockholm, chez C.M. Carlson Roadbook of Sweden and Norway 1830.

i.e. “Vägvisare” Roadbook, bought a little one at Upsala [Uppsala] for 12 sk. banco

cull, hill, collis.

SH:7/ML/TR/13/0012

Monday 26 August

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ziqitzarajasthan · 4 years ago

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Ziqitza Rajasthan : Is your Lifestyle Increasing Your Risk of Cancer?

Cancer is one word which evokes fear in people. A question frequently asked is “Is my lifestyle increasing the risk of cancer?”. The answer is “YES”. Unhealthy lifestyle does increase the risk of cancer. Here are few unhealthy habits which increases your risk of cancer. Let’s hear from an expert Dr. Santosh Datar, Ziqitza Healthcare Ltd wants to say on this.

Tobacco Consumption

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), “Tobacco is the single most preventable cause of death in the world”. Tobacco contains over 4000 types of chemicals. Out of these, around 200 are harmful to the human body and about 70 different chemicals have been found to be carcinogenic. Tobacco consumption in any form (viz. smoking, chewing, Gutkha, snuff etc.) is harmful.

Tobacco smoking increases the risk of cancer of lung, mouth, throat, esophagus, pancreas, kidney, bladder, cervix, blood, prostate, colon and breast. The harmful effects are not limited to the different types of cancer but include increased risk of heart attack, lung infections, chronic obstructive lung disease, stroke, peptic ulcer, bone fractures, cataract, gangrene, Alzheimer’s disease, male impotence, miscarriages and complications in women taking oral pills.

Areca Nut Consumption

It is also called “Supari” in India. It is associated with Sub Mucous Fibrosis(White patch inside the mouth) which is a pre-cancerous condition where the person is not able to open its mouth fully. Its use has been found to lead to oral cancer. It may also result in cancer of the liver and pancreas.

Alcohol Consumption

Please remember alcohol is a poison. Alcohol consumption increases the risk of cancer of mouth, larynx, esophagus, liver, breast and cervix. The harmful effects are not limited to cancers but include increased risk of alcoholic liver disease, alcohol poisoning, alcohol addiction, coronary heart disease, brain damage, damage to heart muscles, damage to the pancreas, nerve damage, sexual dysfunction, thin bones, bone fractures, blackouts, high blood pressure, lower immunity, infections, birth defects, mental depression, malnutrition, accidents, violent behaviour and financial problems.

Obesity

Persons having body mass index (BMI) above 30 are termed as obese. Obesity is associated with increased risk of cancer of organs, such as endometrium(inner lining of the uterus), colon, breast, esophagus and pancreas. Besides increasing the risk of developing such cancers, obesity is also associated with increased chances of death resulting from such cancers. It also increases the risk of heart diseases, diabetes, high blood pressure and other ailments

Lack of Physical Activity and Exercise

Lack of physical activity and regular exercise has been linked to increased risk of cancer.

Diet

Consumption of processed meat, charred meat and excess red meat (mutton, beef, pork, organ meat) is associated with bowel cancer and has some links with esophageal and stomach cancer.

Stress

Stress weakens the immunity system, alters levels of certain hormones in the body and increases the tendency to indulge in unhealthy behaviors such as smoking and drinking. All these factors lead to increased risk of developing cancer

Infections

These include various viruses, parasites and bacterial infections which predispose the patient to develop certain cancers. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is associated with cervical cancers and oropharyngeal cancers. Hepatitis B and C are associated with liver cancers. Parasitic (Schistosomiasis) infection is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. H. pylori infection may result in stomach cancer. HIV infection is associated with certain cancers.

Occupational Exposure

Long term exposure to substances like asbestos, arsenic, benzene, cadmium, ethylene oxide, beryllium, nickel, vinyl chloride, radon, ionizing radiation etc. at the workplace has been found to be associated with various cancers. Common cancers associated with occupational exposure include lung, bladder, leukaemia and skin.

Environmental Exposure

This includes the environmental pollution of air, water and soil with carcinogenic chemicals including pesticides. Besides, contamination of food with aflatoxins (toxins produced by fungi) is associated with increased risk of liver cancer. Prolonged exposure to sunlight may lead to skin cancer.

Reproductive Health and Sexual Practices

Breastfeeding has been shown to lower risk of breast and ovarian cancers. Infection with human papilloma virus and other sexually transmitted diseases has been associated with increased risk of cervical cancers. Sexual activity at an early age and multiple sex partners increases the risk of cervical cancer. A woman who never has been pregnant has a higher risk of uterine cancer than a woman who has had at least one pregnancy.

We at Ziqitza strongly urge you to follow a healthy lifestyle. Here are a few Lifestyle changes which will act as a tool for Cancer prevention

· Avoid alcohol, tobacco and supari

· Eat a well-balanced, nutritious, healthy and timely diet e.g. Indian diet consisting of roti, vegetables, rice, dal, green leafy vegetables, fruits, curds or buttermilk and salads

· Restrict the consumption of red meat and processed meat

· Ensure you have adequate sleep for at least 7-8 hours. You should feel fresh in the morning.

· Reduce your stress. Adequate sleep, exercise, yoga and meditation are best relaxing techniques, not dancing late night in pubs and drinking alcohol or smoking

· Reduce weight if you are overweight or obese. Consult a doctor and qualified dietician

· Remain physically active. Exercise regularly e.g. a daily brisk walk for 30 minutes a day. However, before starting any exercise regime, consult your doctor

· Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight especially midday sun.

· Maintain good genital hygiene and practice safe sex

· Reduce exposure at the workplace to carcinogens by following occupational health and safety norms

· Go for a regular checkup including dental checkup for early detection and treatment of cancer especially you have a family history of any cancer. Talk to your doctor about it.

· Consult your doctor for vaccination for certain cancers (e.g. Hepatitis-B, HPV)

Adding to this Dr Datar from Ziqitza Rajasthan says it must be remembered there are no short cuts for prevention or treatment of cancer. Do not fall prey to false claims, unscientific remedies or magic cures or magic foods claimed to control or cure cancer, diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease or reduce weight. Consult a qualified doctor if needed.

#Ziqitza Ziqitza Healthcare Ziqitza Healthcare ltd Ziqitza Rajasthan Ziqitza Limited Ziqitza ltd Ziqitza Healthcare limited Ziqitza Health ca

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ziqitzahealthcare · 4 years ago

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Ziqitza Rajasthan : Is your Lifestyle Increasing Your Risk of Cancer?

Tobacco Consumption

Areca Nut Consumption

Alcohol Consumption

Obesity

Lack of Physical Activity and Exercise

Lack of physical activity and regular exercise has been linked to increased risk of cancer.

Diet

Consumption of processed meat, charred meat and excess red meat (mutton, beef, pork, organ meat) is associated with bowel cancer and has some links with esophageal and stomach cancer.

Stress

Infections

Occupational Exposure

Environmental Exposure

Reproductive Health and Sexual Practices

We at Ziqitza strongly urge you to follow a healthy lifestyle. Here are a few Lifestyle changes which will act as a tool for Cancer prevention

· Avoid alcohol, tobacco and supari

· Eat a well-balanced, nutritious, healthy and timely diet e.g. Indian diet consisting of roti, vegetables, rice, dal, green leafy vegetables, fruits, curds or buttermilk and salads

· Restrict the consumption of red meat and processed meat

· Ensure you have adequate sleep for at least 7-8 hours. You should feel fresh in the morning.

· Reduce your stress. Adequate sleep, exercise, yoga and meditation are best relaxing techniques, not dancing late night in pubs and drinking alcohol or smoking

· Reduce weight if you are overweight or obese. Consult a doctor and qualified dietician

· Remain physically active. Exercise regularly e.g. a daily brisk walk for 30 minutes a day. However, before starting any exercise regime, consult your doctor

· Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight especially midday sun.

· Maintain good genital hygiene and practice safe sex

· Reduce exposure at the workplace to carcinogens by following occupational health and safety norms

· Go for a regular checkup including dental checkup for early detection and treatment of cancer especially you have a family history of any cancer. Talk to your doctor about it.

· Consult your doctor for vaccination for certain cancers (e.g. Hepatitis-B, HPV)

#Ziqitza Ziqitza Healthcare Ziqitza Healthcare ltd Ziqitza Rajasthan Ziqitza Limited Ziqitza ltd Ziqitza Healthcare limited Ziqitza Health ca

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williamuribe · 2 years ago

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The Tobacco Plant - A Journey From American Indians to Columbus

Cigarette smoking, cigars, snuff, and pipe and chewing tobacco each are made from the leaves of the tobacco plant.

No Uefa had ever seen tobacco before Christopher Columbus came ashore in the West Indies. But the fragrant leaves had been used by U . s citizens Indians for as long as they could remember. They smoked tobacco just for pleasure and used it in their rituals and ceremonies.

Using the discovery of America the use of tobacco in cigar in addition to pipe smoking grew rapidly in many parts of the world. At the start the Spaniards and Portuguese carried on most of the trade on tobacco. Then in 1612 in Jamestown, Virginia, Chris Rolfe (1585- 1622), an Englishman who later wed the Indian princess Pocahontas (1595- 1617), harvested a good crop of a new type of tobacco. It had been grown on the seeds of the mildly flavored Nicotiana tabacum, a smoking that probably came originally from Brazil. Rolfe's vegetables are believed to have come from Trinidad.

This new tobacco rapidly supplanted the harsh, strong tobacco that the natives and early settlers in North America had been growing until then. Exporting this new tobacco to Europe made Jamestown economically successful. The particular mild tobacco that Rolfe planted is now the one typically grown. The strongly flavored species is grown mainly in small quantity and in a very few countries.

Typically the tobacco plant usually grows 4 to 6 feet high. Often the leaves are large, 2 or 3 feet in length and perhaps about half that in width, and their tips are pointed. They are dealt with with many long, soft hairs that hold a gummy beverages. The flowers are a light rose color.

Tobacco is an important product in over 66 countries. However , the United States, the best country to grow tobacco in quantity, still produces above any other country. Because of the many differences in growing conditions plus plant varieties, there are many ways in which it is grown. All advertisement tobacco needs a lot of care. The plants are very arthritic to climate, to the way they are cared for, and to the very soil in which they are grown.

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weelectronicstudentreviewstuff · 4 years ago

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Parl Panel on Commerce Recommends

Besides exporting tobacco, the country also exports a variety of tobacco products such as cigarettes, cut tobacco, bidis, hookah, different varieties of chewing tobacco, snuff and cigars.

Welcoming the renewal of the Indian-Chinese Phytosanitary (related to plant) protocol on reviving the export of tobacco leaves, the committee said all efforts, including consultations with the Chinese…

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#Commerce #FDI in tobacco #India-China trade ties #Indian-Chinese Phytosanitary #panel #Parl #Parliamentary Standing Committee on Commerce and Industry #recommends #Remission of Duties or Taxes on Export Products #tobacco farms

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rapeshop-blog · 5 years ago

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The current Shamanic Guide to Taking Rapé – the Sacred Therapeutic Snuff of the Amazon

Tips on the most proficient method to Take Sacred, Medicinal Rapé with the Right Intention

Rapé (articulated ha-PAY) is a planning of powdered restorative herbs , regularly with a tobacco base – that the Indians on the Amazon bowl clean out through the nose, either with a little V-formed self utensil, or with the assistance of a mate.

In contemporary Amazonia, sharing rapé is a typical social movement with otherworldly, pre-Columbian roots. Rapé is viewed as a holy, shamanic prescription. Is customarily arranged by a learned shaman, anyway , the specialty of consecrated rapé readiness has been passed on to nonindigenous rapé devotees, so as to discover producers of top notch rapé outside inborn networks since different pieces of Brazil. Sharing rapé was customarily exhausted a ceremonial way. Since the medication can have animating and furthermore psychoactive impacts (contingent upon what plants were utilized to help make it) getting rapé can achieve a significant encounter of regularly the Forest. Since the medication is holy, the Indians take on rapé as a supplication calling upon the powers for Nature, the gift of the creatures of the timberland, and even intensity of therapeutic plants to recuperate us and invigorate every one of us.

These days, therapeutic rapé is likewise advancing everywhere throughout the world, by method for expanding culturally diverse companionships between the Indians and non-indigenous companions, just as through ayahuasca functions held by traveling shamans. Rapé is progressively being expended in an unquestionably increasingly social setting, in the manner in which that sharing hallowed tobacco changed to social cigarette smoking.

To anticipate your association with rapé from transforming into an enslavement and an individual bad habit, systems you can pursue to keep up the holiness of the rapé propensity as an advanced shaman.

The Right Way – and Wrong Technique – to Consume Rapé

Rapé is managed with a couple of various kinds of funnels, which are regularly produced using bamboo or calcaneus. The main sort of pipe requires the help of someone else, who emits the snuff with an amazing impact into every nostril of the accomplice who is accepting the rapé. Thus it is ordinarily alluded to as the blow pipe and, in Brazil, the definite 2-man pipe is known as the "Tepi".

On the off chance that you don't have a partner to explode prescription your nose, don't stress, you can do the thought yourself with a self-tool pipe called a "Kuripe". A Kuripe is a little V-formed pipe that associates your mouth towards your nose. While it's constantly harder to blow your self than to have a companion blow you, attempting to get a noob to blow you (who has no clue how to achieve it) is the least alluring alternative. Along these lines it's regularly great to have your very own Kuripe, and figure out how to blow oneself, in the event that you are a true blue rapé devotee.

What you would prefer not to do is normally grunt rapé off a smooth level surface with a clarified up bill or straw. That is a significant Amazonian faux pas – it won't score you focuses with the Indians and might get you captured by unamused Policia Federal only for open cocaine utilization.

The Appropriate Set and Setting for the Rapé Ritual

Since the demonstration of taking rapé is known as a petition, the set and setting will affect the aptitude of your supplication. The best places to take rapé are outside in nature, at the special raised area during an ayahuasca formal technique, or in a calm consecrated space inside, with high-vibrational tunes playing. Abstain from taking rapé while holding up at vehicle stops, in occupied business regions, in like manner zones that has a great deal of development that is disconnected to profound action, or perhaps where you may be hindered by somebody who has no clue what you are embraced nor what it implies. A perfect setting enables you to completely encounter the a consequence of the rapé without interruption and have the space for tranquil thought.

Likewise, contingent upon the restorative plants that were utilized in the very rapé mix, you may encounter a wide scope of sensations in the wake of getting your rapé, from passionate upwellings, to heaving and colon developments. Here are a few hints to set up your space – and all alone – for solace:

It's a smart thought to have a container about water close by and tissues or a move of potty paper for cleaning out your nose.

On the off chance that you think you will get parched, drink water BEFORE snuffing your rapé, since any water you drink a short time later will task like rapé.

Try not to eat preceding taking rapé, principally on the grounds that it might come right out after

Ensure you have a simple goal to upchuck in the event that the desire all of a sudden drops upon you

Be certain you are likewise near the latrine on the off chance that the inverse ought to happen

Ensure that your companions know about what you are doing (so no one interferes with your organization snapshot of profound thought right now your nose begins to run lavishly) by asking you the most ideal approach to jump on the I-80

What's in store From Your Rapé Experience

Your rapé experience is put together a ton with respect to the restorative rapé mix you are devouring. A huge horde of restorative plants that can be utilized in rapé and in this manner numerous encounters from a decent impact of aroma in your nose, to an enlightening nasal expresso shot, to a supernatural, altogether psychoactive experience enduring hours, where you need to fly as though it were bird.

There are a couple of basic reactions to taking rapé that you can be set up for and surely not embarrassed about:

Your nose will wind up running, and your sinuses will need to get themselves out.. Low fat forward – make an effort not to tilt your head back, or your rapé filled bodily fluid will begin backdripping down your sinuses, which can make you stifler, and after that regurgitation. Pawning loogies during a rapé session is absolutely socially satisfactory.

You may need to shot regurgitation. It could be OK. Rapé is cleaning and you are recovering. Attempt and regurgitation in the brambles.

You might need to take a goliath dump. Colon developments are beneficial for you. In the event that you experience difficulty remaining customary, require rapé in the first part of the day. It's superior to espresso.

Rapé Safety Methods for the Modern Shaman

Similarly as with any sort of strong prescription, rapé may be manhandled and expended in manners that are less hallowed, and much increasingly recreational. Rapé can be no picnic for your sinuses, so abuse can mess sinus up and harm to your respiratory framework. Additionally, on the grounds that restorative plants in rapé mixes fluctuate, its outcomes on your framework can shift. Abuse can prompt dependence or even send to the medical clinic. Thus, it's imperative to test your rapé is in reality any medication, know where it originates from. Likewise, applying rapé with different medications, similar to MDMA, isn't exhorted for the explanation that contraindications might be obscure. Rapé is as often as possible offered during ayahuasca services, however you might need to tune in and choose whether rapé is truly what your body needs right then and there.

I took MDMA at a cognizant concert, and a while later, I did rapé. It was an awful blend. I felt disgusted, mixed up, and have had no vitality to stroll around. I quickly needed to continue to the washroom. At that point I hurled. The rapé completely deleted my MDMA experience. I will never to that again! ~ Anonymous

Since rapé is utilized shamanically, passing rapé may be a methods for somebody with sick aims to put a dream or revile on you. It is anything but a smart thought to share rapé with individuals you don't have a clue and trust, or procure rapé from a shaman who you are getting "terrible vibes" by means of.

Sacrosanct Rapé Kit Storage and Care

As therapeutic rapé thankfulness develops the world over, rapé units are altogether part of the cutting edge shamanic toolbox, and worldwide shamans wind up going with rapé and putting away their medications for longer timeframes because of the trouble of acquiring crisp new rapé outside the Amazon. Here are a few hints on the best way to think about your rapé and rapé utensils.

Dealing with Your Rapé Applicator

Take care of your rapé instrument will depend especially on what components were utilized to make it (bamboo, bone), hold it together (beeswax, durapox), and embellish it (string, quills, rocks, paint). Rapé instruments are holy shamanic devices together with ordinarily kept at home on a raised area or bore all in a prescription pack. You might need to keep your quill enhanced tepi at home and have a less difficult tepi for movement, in light of the fact that is viewed as extremely a bummer to find that your lovely tepi macaw down got squashed and broken in your knapsack. Kuripe self applied instruments will in general travel better.

Rapé Applicator Hygiene

From the Amazon, sharing rapé has turned into a typical social action. All through indigenous culture, everything is shared, so the Indians only sometimes will in general spot as a lot of significance on keeping individual utilize things, well, individual. In the event that you originate from an individualistic culture, similar to the United States, your rough independence and hangups with your own stuff is going to stick out. Additionally, Indians will in general have a generous conviction that utilizing a common item to devour drug isnt going to get them wiped out, on the grounds that the prescription is sacrosanct, profoundly viable, and will anticipate that – mystically. That being stated, what do you do in a circumstance where you have 5 individuals needing to pass your tepi water line around, and one of them obviously has a cold or influenza infection?

Utilizing a Q-Tip, occasionally clean your rapé implement through liquor or hydrogen peroxide Depending on what materials were being utilized to build your rapé tool, the disadvantage to it is that the synthetic substances can make bamboo split or pastes holding the 2 bamboo tubes into a V to liquefy.

Utilize a lighter fire to clean the finishes inside your rapé implement. Once more, contingent upon what materials were utilized to build your rapé implement, the f

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