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xindunpower · 3 months ago
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What Is Three Phase IGBT Inverter?
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Hello everyone, we all know that there are three types of inverters, namely single-phase inverters, split-phase inverters and three-phase inverters. The biggest difference between these three inverters is the difference in voltage phase. When learning about inverters, some customers have doubts about IGBT. Today we will share with you what IGBT is and their functions.
First of all, we need to know that IGBT is an insulated gate bipolar transistor, which is a composite fully-controlled voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of bipolar transistor and an insulated gate field effect transistor. Therefore, its advantages are the high input impedance of MOSFET and the low turn-on voltage drop of GTR. At the same time, the GTR saturation voltage decreases, the current carrying density is large, but the driving current is large; the MOSFET driving power is small, the switching speed is fast, but the conduction voltage drop is large, and the current carrying density is small.
When our machine has a power greater than 7kw, we will choose IGBT technology. We are keen to provide customers with the highest quality products, the best user experience and the most considerate service.
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numeric-ups · 4 months ago
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Keor MP Three Phase UPS
Designed to drive the future with innovation, Keor MP is a 3-phase online double conversion monolithic UPS with a module-based architecture. Engineered with a three level IGBT based Inverter technology, it delivers unparalleled efficiency in a compact design. 
https://www.numericups.com/products/three-phase-ups/keor-mp
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loadbank-emax · 7 months ago
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DC Electronic Load-400KW-1000VDC
The Feedback DC Electronic Load is a versatile and high-precision tool designed for testing and evaluating power supplies, batteries, and other power sources. Engineered to simulate real-world operating conditions, this load device is essential for industries requiring reliable and accurate testing capabilities. Its advanced features ensure that it meets the stringent demands of modern electronic and electrical testing, providing users with unparalleled performance and efficiency.
The feedback type DC electronic load realizes the function of automatic energy feedback to the DC load of the power grid, which is more convenient to operate compared to conventional loads
Quick and safer to use. Conventional loads belong to energy consuming loads, and energy is consumed by resistance heating; Feedback type DC electronic load belongs to
 For energy fed loads, energy is fed back to the power grid, which is green, environmentally friendly, reliable, and safe, with outstanding advantages.
Product features:
1. PWM rectification and bidirectional DCDC two-stage circuit design, achieving automatic energy feedback to the load function of the power grid, with energy-saving features,Outstanding advantages of consumption reduction and green environmental protection.
2 mainstream high-frequency PWM rectification control technology, power factor ≥ 0.99, THD and injected harmonic current meet national standards GB/T14549-93 requires high-quality energy feedback to the power grid.
3. High control accuracy: voltage and current accuracy ± 0.1% F.S.
4. Fast dynamic response: 10% -90% sudden loading and 90% -10% sudden unloading response time ≤ 5ms;
5 optimized bidirectional DCDC conversion technology, with a wider DC input voltage range, can achieve 0V full range DC input.CC, CV, and CP work modes.Multiple protection functions: input overvoltage/undervoltage, phase loss, output overvoltage, IGBT overheating, IGBT overcurrent, over temperature protection,Short circuit current limiting protection.
6.Built-in EMI filters can effectively filter out interference signals caused by high-frequency switching processes.
7. Communication and remote control functions: standard CAN, RS232/RS485 communication interfaces, and upper computer remote control software.
8.Under rated conditions, the efficiency can reach up to 95%.
9.Large screen LCD display, compatible with button and touch screen operation, suitable for operation and use in various harsh working conditions.
10.Lock screen (key) function: When the customer does not operate the device for more than 5 minutes, the device will automatically lock the keyboard and touch screen input.
Product application:
1. Fuel cell testing
2. Test of charger and Charging station
3. Battery pack and battery pack discharge test
4. Discharge test of capacitors and supercapacitors
5. Power Electronics Testing
6. Energy storage system inverter test
7. Replace conventional DC loads for use
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enertech · 2 years ago
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Industrial Online UPS Suitable for High Temperature & Dusty Environments. Rating 1 KVA to 600 KVA 1-1 / 3-1 / 3-3 Phase
Features… 👉32-bit DSP-Based Processor. 👉Bidirectional Power Conversion. 👉IGBT-Based Rectifier. 👉Inbuilt Isolation Transformer 👉Technology. 👉Vector Modulated Inverter 👉Control Design. 👉Suitable for 100% Unbalanced Load. 👉3-Stage with Temperature 👉Compensated Charger. 👉MODBUS Compatibility for 👉Lithium-ion Batteries. 👉Compatible with Different 👉Battery Technology. 👉Remote Monitoring unit. 👉Solar Compatibility. 👉Enclosure IP21 (Optional Up to 55).
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enertechupspvtltd · 2 years ago
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engineering-syllabus · 2 years ago
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A Comprehensive Guide to the GATE Electrical Engineering Syllabus
Preparing for the Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) in the field of Electrical Engineering requires a solid understanding of the syllabus and a well-structured study plan. The GATE syllabus is designed to cover a wide range of topics within the field to assess your knowledge and skills. Here's a comprehensive guide to the GATE Electrical Engineering syllabus:
1. Engineering Mathematics:
Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
Calculus: Limits, continuity and differentiability, partial derivatives, maxima and minima, sequences and series, Taylor series.
Differential Equations: First-order equations (linear and nonlinear), higher-order linear differential equations, Laplace transforms.
2. Electric Circuits:
Circuit Elements: Resistors, inductors, capacitors, ideal independent and dependent voltage and current sources.
Kirchhoff's Laws: Analysis of resistive circuits, nodal and mesh analysis, superposition, Thevenin and Norton theorems.
AC Circuits: Phasors, sinusoidal steady-state analysis, power factor, three-phase circuits.
3. Electromagnetic Fields:
Electrostatics and Magnetostatics: Coulomb's law, Gauss's law, Biot-Savart law, Ampere's law.
Maxwell's Equations: Differential and integral forms, electromagnetic wave propagation, Poynting vector.
4. Signals and Systems:
Signal Classification: Continuous-time and discrete-time signals, periodic and aperiodic signals.
System Analysis: Linearity, time-invariance, causality, stability, impulse response, convolution.
5. Electrical Machines:
Transformers: Single-phase and three-phase transformers, efficiency, regulation.
DC Machines: Construction, characteristics, starting and speed control.
AC Machines: Synchronous and induction machines, principles of operation, characteristics, power factor correction.
6. Power Systems:
Power Generation: Thermal, hydro, nuclear, and renewable sources.
Transmission and Distribution: Line parameters, load flow analysis, economic operation, fault analysis, protection.
7. Control Systems:
Mathematical Modeling: Transfer function, block diagram, signal flow graph.
Time Response Analysis: Standard test signals, steady-state errors, stability.
Frequency Response Analysis: Bode plots, Nyquist plots, root locus.
8. Electrical and Electronic Measurements:
Measurement Basics: Accuracy, precision, errors, standards.
Measurement Devices: Ammeters, voltmeters, bridges, oscilloscopes, transducers.
9. Analog and Digital Electronics:
Semiconductor Devices: Diodes, transistors, operational amplifiers.
Analog Circuits: Amplifiers, oscillators, filters, voltage regulators.
Digital Circuits: Logic gates, combinational and sequential circuits, ADCs and DACs.
10. Power Electronics:
Semiconductor Switches: Diodes, thyristors, MOSFETs, IGBTs.
Converter Topologies: Rectifiers, inverters, choppers, voltage regulators.
11. Electric and Magnetic Fields:
Electrostatics and Magnetostatics: Gauss's and Ampere's laws, dielectric and magnetic materials.
Maxwell's Equations: Integral and differential forms, electromagnetic wave propagation.
12. Signals and Systems:
Continuous and Discrete Signals: Fourier series and transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.
System Analysis: Linear time-invariant systems, convolution, stability, causality.
13. Control Systems:
Time Domain Analysis: Stability, transient and steady-state response.
Frequency Domain Analysis: Bode plots, Nyquist plots, root locus, compensation techniques.
14. Power Systems:
Power Generation: Thermal, hydro, nuclear, and renewable sources.
Transmission and Distribution: Fault analysis, voltage and frequency control, load flow studies.
15. Analog and Digital Electronics:
Diodes, Transistors, and Amplifiers: Diode circuits, small signal analysis of BJT and FET, feedback amplifiers.
Digital Electronics: Logic gates, combinational and sequential circuits, ADCs and DACs.
16. Electric and Magnetic Fields:
Electrostatics: Gauss's law, boundary conditions, Poisson's and Laplace's equations.
Magnetostatics: Ampere's law, Biot-Savart law, magnetic materials.
17. Power Systems:
Power Generation: Types of power plants, load characteristics, economics of power generation.
Protection and Switchgear: Relays, circuit breakers, fuses, protection schemes.
18. Power Electronics:
Power Semiconductor Devices: Diodes, thyristors, MOSFETs, IGBTs.
Converters: AC-DC converters, DC-DC converters, inverters.
19. Electrical Machines:
Transformers: Construction, regulation, efficiency.
Synchronous Machines: Characteristics, voltage regulation, parallel operation.
Induction Machines: Construction, characteristics, starting and speed control.
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Costa power industries pvt ltd
About Us Costa power Industries Private limited is top dealers of Uninterrupted Power Supply (UPS) Industrial UPS: IGBT/SCR Based Rectifier & Inverter, Fully Digital Controlled dual DSP/Micro controller, ranges from 500VA-250 KVA 1 phase Output, 10-1000 KVA 3 phase Output, Input & Output Isolation in Built. Commercial UPS: IGBT/SCR Based Rectifier & Inverter, ranges from 500VA-320 KVA 1 phase Output, 20-4000 KVA 3 phase Output.                 Costa power Industries Pvt. Ltd. is certified company with ISO 9001:2015 registration & IEC certified.                  Costa Power offers complete range of Global make Online UPS from 1kVA to 4800kVA. Feature of our UPS are as follow:                 1.True On-Line Double Conversion Technology VFI.                 2.Reliable, filtered, stabilized and regulated sine wave output as per EN50091-3 specifications.                 3.Low Total Harmonic Distortion which will give minimum impact on mains and reduces Generator and transformer size.                 4.Maximum reliable and power availability – connect up to 6 units in parallel N+1 Redundancy, even of different power rating. High Reliability: IGBT Technology, Fully Microprocessor controlled with no-break static and manual bypass, extremely high short circuit current to ensure compatibility with the most difficult applications (like lighting, drives and industrial processes)
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gongwei491350778 · 2 years ago
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Project: 15kw 3 phase solar system
Location: Grenada
Solved: reduce high electricity bill 
380w mono solar panels * 24pcs H4T/192V PV combiner * 1pcs 192V/60A solar controller * 1pcs TF15KW 192V IGBT inverter *1 pcs 12v 150ah gel battery * 32pcs cables and accessories * 1set
Our customers are in the ceramics and doors and windows business. They built a new house in 2019. When they bought ceramics, doors and windows from Foshan, they also wanted to buy a solar power system for their new home so that they could stay away from expensive electricity bill.
Grenada is located at the southernmost point of the Windward Islands in the East Caribbean Sea. It has a tropical maritime climate with an average annual temperature of 26°C. This temperature is very suitable for solar system power generation.
In the process of communicating with customers, we know that customers will use air conditioners, water heaters, water purification filters, refrigerators, etc. Among them, 2 rooms will use air conditioners at night. We calculated that a 15kw off grid solar power system is needed. Same conclusion with customer’s electrical engineer.
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The 15kw solar system was successfully produced and shipped. After the customer receives the goods, they installed and used in September 2020. So far, the effect has been very good. It can save about 350USD in electricity bills per month. Only about 3years, the electricity saved is the cost of a system, and clean energy will be used free of charge for the next 20 years.
Our professional engineers design a system that meets the work requirements for customers. You only need to send the load information and power consumption requirements to our sales staff, and we can design a solar energy solution that matches your needs.
5kw solar system
10kw solar system​
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daisyliu618 · 2 years ago
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Jeidar DT series 3/3phase IGBT rectifier and IGBT inverter UPS. the choice from China Custom and Minstry of Defense in Saudi Arabia. >Full DSP control, 3phase IGBT rectifier, IGBT inverter, THDI<3.5%, input PF 0.99 >Wide input voltage range 210-475Vac >Overall efficiency >93%, output PF0.9 >Support Dual input power source >Support phase lose, phase fault protection, allow 100% 3phase unbalance >10-40kva battery internal available (32/64pcs 7/9Ah available) >Parallel redundancy up to 8units >Intelligent battery management, support constant charge, equal charge and float charge, 28-32pcs battery adjustable. For more, please feel free to contact. sale01@jeidar.com Mob/whatsapp: +8618211309129 #jeidarups #DT #Transformerless #3phaseups #upsmanufacturer (在 Shenzhen City Of China) https://www.instagram.com/p/CizwI01P9QC/?igshid=NGJjMDIxMWI=
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soukacatv · 6 years ago
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Why do we need modulation? | Soukacatv.com
Modulation
Modulation is an important step of communication system. Modulation is defined as the process whereby some characteristic (line amplitude, frequency, phase of a high frequency signal wave (carrier wave) is varied in accordance with instantaneous value intensity of low frequency signal wave (modulating wave.)
HDMI Encoder Modulator,16in1 Digital Headend, HD RF Modulator at SOUKA https://www.soukacatv.com/.
Need for modulation :
i) To separate signal from different transmitters :
Audio frequencies are within the range of 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Without modulation all signals at same frequencies from different transmitters would be mixed up. There by giving impossible situation to tune to any one of them. In order to separate the various signals, radio stations must broadcast at different frequencies.
Each radio station must be given its own frequency band. This is achieved by frequency translation as a result of modulation process.
ii) Size of the antenna :
For efficient transmission the transmitting antennas should have length at least equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted. For an electromagnetic wave of frequency 15 kHz, the wavelength λ is 20 km and one-quarter of this will be equal to 5 km. Obviously, a vertical antenna of this size is impractible. On the other hand, for a frequency of 1 MHz, this height is reduced to 75 m.
Also, the power radiated by an antenna of length l is proportional to (l/λ). This shows that for the same antenna length, power radiated is large for shorter wavelength. Thus, our signal which is of low frequency must be translated to the high frequency spectrum of the electromagnetic wave. This is achieved by the process of modulation.
iii)To Reduce  Antenna Height.(practicability of antennas height).
iv)Transmit The Information To long Distance Without  interference.
v) Reduce band width.
Other answers have described modulation as it applies to communications applications, where the information to be conveyed is superimposed onto a carrier. My answer will apply the concept of modulation to power electronics applications, particularly in DC-AC inverters.
Refer to Figure 1. This shows a typical 3-phase inverter bridge. Six electronic switches are arranged in three-phase bridge configuration, and are supplied by a DC voltage source. These switches are high-power electronic devices. The devices are shown as transistors, but can be SCRs, GTOs, Darlington transistors, MOSFETs or IGBTs. The most suitable devices will be governed by conversion power, voltage level and switching frequencies requirements. The load is shown as an induction motor, but may be the primary of a three-phase transformer or any other A.C. load.
 Figure 1: Three-phase Inverter Switches and Waveforms
If each of the three phases are switched in this manner, but with the switching of each phase 120 electrical degrees delayed from the previous phase, the three waveforms of the centre points (VAO, VBO, VCO) are as shown in the figure. If the difference in voltage between any two phases is measured, (VAB in the figure), the result is a 6-step or quasi-square wave. VBC and VCA are the same except are phase shifted 120 degrees from each other.
Thus the output of the three-phase inverter bridge is a three-phase waveform. The frequency of the waveform is set by the switching frequency. The RMS voltage is controlled by modulating the waveform. In practice, the waveform is pulse width modulated with chops.. These chops are of varying size. The purpose is twofold: to make the inverter output currents more closely resemble a sine wave, and to enable adjustment of the RMS output voltage.
 Figure 2: Sinusoidal Modulation of Inverter Output Waveform
A method of modulation often used is sinusoidal modulation. . Refer to Figure 2. A triangle waveform is compared with a sine waveform. When the sine wave exceeds the triangle wave, the top switch of the inverter phase is turned on. When the triangle wave exceeds the sine wave, the bottom switch is turned on. The resultant current waveform to the load is nearly sinusoidal with very little harmonic distortion. If the load is an induction motor, no further filtering is required.
If the inverter is fixed frequency, such as in a UPS, then further filtering is needed. The harmonic distortion content is a function of the modulation frequency of the carrier wave. At a high modulation frequency, the first significant harmonic will be at high frequency and low magnitude, which means that harmonics are relatively easy to filter out with a low-pass LC filter. Typical modulation frequency with IGBT power switches is 4kHz.
In the process of modulation, the baseband signal is translated i.e., shifted from low frequency to high frequency . This frequency shift is proportional to the frequency of carrier.
Advantages of Modulation
1.     Reduction in the height of antenna
2.     Avoids mixing of signals
3.     Increases the range of communication
4.     Multiplexing is possible
5.     Improves quality of reception
We will discuss each of these advantages in detail below .
1. Reduction in the height of antenna
For the transmission of radio signals, the antenna height must be multiple of λ/4 ,where λ is the wavelength .
λ = c /f
where c : is the velocity of light
f: is the frequency of the signal to be transmitted
The minimum antenna height required to transmit a baseband signal of f = 10 kHz is calculated as follows :
The antenna of this height is practically impossible to install .
Now, let us consider a modulated signal at f = 1 MHz . The minimum antenna height is given by,
This antenna can be easily installed practically . Thus, modulation reduces the height of the antenna .
2. Avoids mixing of signals
If the baseband sound signals are transmitted without using the modulation by more than one transmitter, then all the signals will be in the same frequency range i.e. 0 to 20 kHz . Therefore, all the signals get mixed together and a receiver can not separate them from each other .
Hence, if each baseband sound signal is used to modulate a different carrier then they will occupy different slots in the frequency domain (different channels). Thus, modulation avoids mixing of signals .
3. Increase the Range of Communication
The frequency of baseband signal is low, and the low frequency signals can not travel long distance when they are transmitted . They get heavily attenuated .
The attenuation reduces with increase in frequency of the transmitted signal, and they travel longer distance .
The modulation process increases the frequency of the signal to be transmitted . Therefore, it increases the range of communication.
4. Multiplexing is possible
Multiplexing is a process in which two or more signals can be transmitted over the same communication channel simultaneously .
This is possible only with modulation.
The multiplexing allows the same channel to be used by many signals . Hence, many TV channels can use the same frequency range, without getting mixed with each other or different frequency signals can be transmitted at the same time .
5. Improves Quality of Reception
With frequency modulation (FM) and the digital communication techniques such as PCM, the effect of noise is reduced to a great extent . This improves quality of reception .
We need to modulate signal for following reason basically :
1: Transmission of signal to longer distance : For transmitting a signal to the longer distance you need to have maximum amplitude and frequency which is impossible to acquire from original signal.
2: Multiplexing the signal: Modulating signals on different frequencies give us the option to mix and send multiple signals through a single channel and separate out easily.
3: Reduction in Antenna height: Well, Antenna theory will be helpful for understanding this. Simply I remembered that height H of antenna is proportional to the wavelength (Lamda) of the signal.
4: Noise immunity: Modulated signals are high frequency high amplitude signals and hence noise is not so easily affecting the information as every modulation technique using different phenomena to store data.
5: Noise availability: Modulated signals consist frequencies and amplitudes decided by the designer and so according to the channel noise and interference we can decide parameters and avoid noise.
6: Ease of transmission and reception: As we know baseband i.e. original signals can't be transmitted directly as they are not supported by most of channels and also fade away after particular distance, so we need modulation.
This one's easy. I'll give you two instances why modulation is needed.
INSTANCE 1:
Consider you're on a bank of one side of a river and I'll give you a paper and tell you to throw it to the other side of the bank! Is it possible to throw the paper which doesn't have suitable mass to other side of the river?
The answer is No. So in order to make the paper reach the other side of the river I'll use a stone with the paper and throw it, now it'll reach the other side.
In communication the message signal will be of low frequency which is like paper (light weight) in order to make it heavy, a carrier signal(stone) is used to send data from transmitting station to the receiving station.
INSTANCE 2:
Consider you have food and you have to take it to school for lunch, will you carry the food with your hand? No right? You'll use a carrier box and you'll eat the food not the carrier box.
In communication food(message signal) cannot be transmitted as it is, it needs a carrier box(carrier signal)to which is used to enclose the message signal from the transmitter end and carry the modulated signal through the medium and at the receiver the carrier box(carrier signal) is removed by demodulation it removes the envelope and obtains the food(message signal).
This is why modulation and demodulation is required in communication systems.
Dictionary definition: changing any one of the parameters of carrier signal such as amplitude, frequency or phase of the signal with respect to the input voltage of the message signal at that particular instance of time and keeping the other parameters constant is called as modulation.
Few other reasons why modulation is required is as follows.
1) TO REDUCE THE HEIGHT OF THE ANTENNA
2) TO MULTIPLEX MORE NUMBER OF SIGNALS
3) TO REDUCE THE NOISE & DISTORTIONS
4) TO NARROW BANDING THE SIGNAL
5) TO REDUCE EQUIPMENT COMPLEXITY
Very simply because of physics. Let's say you want to communicate from one person to another using just a really really long wire (cable communications). The way that you model a long wire is using a infinite number of capacitors and inductors, as shown below:
For simplicity, you can say that both connections have a shared ground, so all the bottom inductors don't participate, and all the capacitors connect to ground on the bottom. If we say all the capacitances are the same and all inductances are the same (again an approximation that the wire is homogeneous), and you sum these infinitely, you will get a DC resistance. What this means it that this lossless long wire (meaning it has no resistors in it), will transmit nothing at DC, because all of the voltage will drop across the resistor.
Thus the only way to transfer anything across a long wire is through AC (alternating current). Thus you need high frequency modulation in order to communicate.
In the modulation process, two signals are used namely the modulating signal and the carrier .
The modulating signal is nothing but the baseband signal or information signal while the carrier is a high frequency sinusoidal signal .
In the modulation process, some parameter of the carrier wave (such as amplitude, frequency or phase ) is varied in accordance with the modulating signal . This modulated signal is then transmitted by the transmitter .
The receiver demodulates the received modulated signal and gets the original information signal back .
Thus, demodulation is exactly opposite to modulation .
In the process of modulation the carrier wave actually acts as carrier which carries the information signal from the transmitter to receiver .
Need of Modulation
You may ask, when the baseband signal can be transmitted directly why to use the modulation ?
The answer is that the baseband transmission has many limitations which can be overcome using modulation . It is explained below .
In the process of modulation, the baseband signal is translated i.e., shifted from low frequency to high frequency . This frequency shift is proportional to the frequency of carrier.
Advantages of Modulation
1.     Reduction in the height of antenna
2.     Avoids mixing of signals
3.     Increases the range of communication
4.     Multiplexing is possible
5.     Improves quality of reception
 Modulation is a process in which the feature (amplitude, phase or frequency ) of the carrier signal is changed in accordance with instantaneous value of modulating signal.
Modulation is needed for many reasons. Some of them are given below :
·         To increase the bandwidth of the signals
·         To reduce the antenna size.
·         To reduce the noise and distortions.
·         To multiplex the signals
·         To reduce the interference at the time of transmission of the information.
In a carrier communication system, the baseband signal of a low-frequency spectrum is translated to a high frequency spectrum. This is achieved through modulation. The aim of this topic is to explore the reasons for using modulation. Modulation is defined as a process by virtue of which, some characteristic of a high frequency sinusoidal wave is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the baseband signal.
Two signals are involved in the modulation process. The baseband signal and the carrier signal. The baseband signal is to be transmitted to the receiver. The frequency of this signal is generally low. In the modulation process, this baseband signal is called the
modulating signal. The waveform of this signal is unpredictable. For example, the waveform of a speech signal is random in nature and cannot be predicted. In this case, the speech signal is the modulating signal.
The other signal involved with the modulation is a high frequency sinusoidal wave. This signal is called the carrier signal or carrier.
The frequency of the carrier signal is always much higher than that of the baseband signal. After modulation, the baseband signal of low frequency is transferred to the high frequency carrier, which carries the information in the form of some variations. After the completion of the modulation process, some characteristic of the carrier is varied such that the resultant variations carry the information.
The carrier signal is represented by the equation:
A=E sin(ωt + ϕ)——(1)
equation-(1) is an indicator that this equation represents the carrier signal. The components of this equation arc as follows:
·         A: Instantaneous amplitude of the carrier
·         E: Amplitude of the carrier
·         ϕ: Initial phase of the carrier signal
·         Angular frequency of the carrier, such that = 2πfc, Where fc is the frequency carrier, also called the central frequency
Equation (1) has three parameters namely, amplitudes (E), frequency (ω), and phase (f). In principle, these parameters have constant values for a particular sinusoidal wave. According to the definition of Modulation, some characteristic of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with the modulating signal. After modulation any one of the three parameters of the carrier signal, namely, frequency, or phase, is varied keeping the remaining two constant.
The baseband signal is then carried by these variations. The type of the modulation is decided by the parameter chosen to vary.
For example, if amplitude of the carrier is chosen to vary in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the baseband signal, keeping frequency and phase constant, the resulting modulation called amplitude modulation. Frequency modulation and phase modulation are also obtained in a similar way.
Low-frequency baseband sign it is thus translated to a high frequency carrier such that the information is coded in the variations in one of the parameters of the carrier. At the receiver side, these variations are detected through the demodulation process to recover the original baseband signal.
The following can be summarized with reference to modulation.
·         The baseband signal is known as the modulating signal.
·��        The baseband signal is a low-frequency signal.
·         The carrier signal is always a high frequency sinusoidal wave.
·         After modulation, the carrier is said to be modulated by the modulating.
·         The output of the modulator is called the modulated signal.
During the modulation process, the modulating, signal varies the frequency, y, amplitude, or phase of the carrier in accordance with its instantaneous amplitude.
The process of modulation in a communication system increases its cost and complexity. This may be considered as a disadvantage. However, modulation is extensively used in most communication systems. There is a definite need for using modulation. There can be problems if modulation is not used. Scrutinizing these problems can explain why modulation is required.
The baseband signal will be transmitted as it is. If modulation is not employed however, the system designer could confront the fallowing problems:
1)     TO REDUCE THE ANTENNA HEIGHT 2) TO MULTIPLEX THE MORE NUMBER OF SIGNALS 3) TO REDUCE THE NOISE & DISTORTIONS 4) TO NARROW BANDING THE SIGNAL 5) TO REDUCE EQUIPMENT COMPLEXITY
Established in 2000, the Soukacatv.com (DSW) main products are modulators both in digital and analog modulators, amplifier and combiner. We are the leading communication supplier in manufacturing the headend system in China. Our 16 in 1 and 24 in 1 now are the most popular products all over the world. For more, please access to https://www.soukacatv.com/.
Source: https://www.quora.com/Why-do-we-need-modulation
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palesoultaco · 3 years ago
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Intelligent Power Module Market Size, Industry Growth, Sales Revenue, COVID-19 Market Scenario, Opportunity, and Industry Expansion Strategies to 2028
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Competitive Landscape:
The latest report encases an in-depth summary of the intensely competitive landscape of the global Synthetic Food market, with systematic profiling of the companies operating across this industry. In this section of the report, experts have listed down the strategic initiatives undertaken by these market rivals for proposed business expansion. Additionally, it highlights the key developments and financial positions of these companies to explain the overall market scenario. The company profiles of the established and new players have also been assessed in the report through effective analytical tools like SWOT analysis.
Major companies operating in Intelligent power module are Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, STMicroelectronics NV, ROHM Semiconductors, (Germany), Sanken Electric Co. Ltd, Texas Instruments Incorporated, ON Semiconductor, Fuji Electric Co. Ltd, Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd, Infineon Technologies, Central Semiconductor.
Key Highlights from the Report
In December 2020, the 1200V transfer molded silicon carbide (SIC) integrated power module was launched by Infineon Technologies AG. This has application in industrial motor drives and pump drives.
In April 2018, ACEPACK1 and ACEPACK 2 was launched by STMicroelectronics NV. These products were launched for the application in welding tools, solar panels and power management solutions.
In May 2017, CIPOS IPM was launched by Infineon Technologies AG. This provides a single switch boost by combining power factor correction and a 3-phase inverter.
For this report, Emergen Research has segmented the global intelligent power module market based on voltage rating, current rating, power devices, application and region.
Voltage Rating Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2021–2028)
Current Rating Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2021–2028)
Power Devices Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2021–2028)
Application Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2021–2028)
Up To 600V
601 V – 1200 V
Above 1200V
Up To 100 A
101 A – 600 A
Above 600 A
IGBT
MOSFET
Consumer Electronics
Industrial
ICT
Automotive
Aerospace & Defense
Thank you for reading our report. Customization of the report is available. To know more, please connect with us, and our team will ensure the report is customized as per your requirements.
Key takeaways of the Global Intelligent Power Module Market report:
Asia Pacific is expected to account for the largest revenue share during the forecast period. This growth can be attributed to the presense of major key players in the region.
The governments in the region are also adopting several policies to boost the projects related to the use of renewable energy source. Rising awareness about sustainable development in the region is also a driving factor in the growth of the market in the region.
In May 2017, CIPOS IPM was launched by Infineon Technologies AG. This provides a single switch boost by combining power factor correction and a 3-phase inverter.
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numeric-ups · 7 months ago
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Keor MP | Three Phase UPS | Numeric UPS
Keor MP is a 3-phase online double conversion monolithic UPS with a module-based architecture. Engineered with a three level IGBT based Inverter technology, it delivers unparalleled efficiency in a compact design. With its high efficiency of up to 96%, a footprint that is up to 43% smaller than conventional UPS systems, the Keor MP ensures you are always ready to meet future demands, today.
https://www.numericups.com/products/three-phase-ups/keor-mp
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jieqi5896 · 3 years ago
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Manufacturing cost to see the competitiveness of washing machine(2)
The electric drive efficiency is close to saturation, and the cost reduction space is limited
The electric drive consists of three parts: transmission mechanism, drive motor, and inverter. At present, the overall efficiency of the motor and electronic control is about 95% (tram resource data), and the space for cost reduction through efficiency is limited.
1) At present, the transmission mechanism of full-automatic floor scrubbers at home and abroad is a single-machine deceleration, that is, there is no clutch and transmission. In the future, various electric vehicle companies will increase the complexity of the transmission mechanism and reduce the demand for motors and motor varistors.
2) At present, there are three main types of drive motors for vehicles: DC motors, permanent magnet synchronous motors, and AC induction motors.
The decrease in the cost of the motor mainly depends on the main internal components of the motor. The cost of the motor for commercial vehicles is almost proportional to the output torque of the motor. With long motor types, we expect the cost to be difficult to reduce.
3) The inverter is a device that converts DC power into AC power. The higher the inverter supports voltage, the higher the charging power and the shorter the charging time; but at the same time, the charging heat increases a lot, and it is necessary to solve the IGBT module in the inverter. cooling problem.
There are currently 3 mainstream solutions
1) Motor direct drive: the advantage is that the transmission efficiency is very high, the highest is about 95% (the data of the truck home), and the single peak torque duration is short, which is not suitable for long-term operation.
2) Motor + reducer/gearbox drive: The electric drive system is equipped with a reducer/gearbox, which can greatly amplify the motor torque, so the torque of the motor can be reduced, and the resulting motor cost can be reduced by up to more than 50% (Truck Home Data ). In addition, the weight of the gearbox is much lower than that of the motor, so it has certain advantages in reducing weight, but it is not as efficient as the direct drive form.
3) Electric drive axle: The advantage is that the powertrain installation suspension, drive shaft, three-phase line, water pipe and other components are omitted, and the overall weight is lower than that of the gearbox, but the disadvantage is that the unsprung weight is larger, resulting in increased energy consumption and comfort Sexual weakening.
Summary: New energy sanitation vehicles are an emerging product of technological development, but it still takes time to settle; I believe that with the maturity of technology and the improvement of manufacturing links, new energy sanitation vehicles will eventually become the mainstream of the market.
Because the automatic washing machine is small, convenient, safe and low-speed, it is suitable for walking in the streets and alleys, and can cover more back streets and alleys, and improve the mechanized operation ratio of the whole district. At the same time, when carrying out sanitation operations, the noise of new energy vehicles is smaller than that of traditional vehicles, which is more in line with the public's requirements for a quiet and comfortable environment. It not only won praises from the masses, but also for colleagues who have the most contact with vehicles every day, because it is an automatic transmission, there is no need to step on the clutch, the body is also smaller than before, and it is more convenient to operate.
JIEQI is a large-scale professional floor cleaning machine manufacturer integrating R&D, production, sales and service. Professional research and development, production of various types of washing machines, electric sweepers and other equipment. The products sell well in all provinces of the country and are exported to more than 30 countries and regions in the world. We specialize in providing high-quality cleaning equipment and supplies, to ensure the quality of the products for you, so that you can choose with confidence. In addition, it also has a cleaning equipment repair service center with the strength of the cleaning equipment industry, and it is also the official service center of many brands. The strong after-sales support will give you peace of mind.
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enertech · 2 years ago
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Enertech® UPS PVT. LTD Established in the Year 1989 is a leading Indian MNC manufacturing company, providing Next-generation technology Products solutions for Renewable & Power solutions-
FULLY LOADED FEATURES ARE: 👉 Multi-point temperature & smoke protection 👉 Fan control for audible noise reduction 👉 Software and hardware protections for retardant safety 👉 The product uses a multisource component 👉 Mechanical contact-free system 👉 Standard 4-stage battery charging profile 👉 Battery life improvement algorithm to improve battery life 👉 BMS integration for lithium-ion batteries 👉 Easy-to-use graphical user interface 👉 Maximum User parameter configurable 👉 Remotely user accessible and controllable 👉 State of art modern electronic design 👉 Digitally controlled with IoT interface 👉 Minimum wire-to-wire connection   👉 Designed with 1L Hrs MTBF considering scheduled maintenance. 👉 Manufactured with 15 years of the product life cycle. 👉 Patented IGBT protection circuit to improve product quality 👉 Strong internal QA and IEC certified 👉 100% inhouse tested 👉 DG-compatible operation 👉 Customized MPPT algorithm for best power extraction from solar. 👉 Maximum 3 solar DC-DC converter options are available for redundancy. 👉 Critical and not critical output option (monitoring only) 👉 Outdoor installation option available. 👉 Battery test function with battery temperature compensation available. 👉 3 phase 4 wire unbalance inverter with grid synchronize 👉 Transformer isolation at output helps to isolate DC from AC. 👉 The inverter capable to handle industrial load type 👉 Solar Power Export option available. 👉 Export Enable disable function user access available 👉 Grid import Enable disable function user access available 👉 Grid import and export power control and limit function 👉 Solar charger battery current limit and Grid battery charging limit user access available 👉 Remote DG ON/OFF or Self-control available 👉 Designed in India and made in India product 👉 PAN India support
For more details please call us on +91 9373336340 +91 9370659050 sales@enertechups.com
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mylionbattery · 3 years ago
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The principle of new energy photovoltaic inverter
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1. Working principle and characteristics:
Working principle: The core of the inverter device is the inverter switch circuit, referred to as the inverter circuit. The circuit completes the inverter function by turning on and off the power electronic switch.
Features:
(1) High efficiency is required.
Due to the high price of solar cells at present, in order to maximize the utilization of solar cells and improve the efficiency of the system, we must try to improve the efficiency of the inverter.
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(2) High reliability is required.
At present, the photovoltaic power station system is mainly used in remote areas, and many power stations are unattended and maintained, which requires the inverter to have a reasonable circuit structure, strict component selection, and requires the inverter to have various protection functions, such as: input DC polarity reverse protection, AC output short circuit protection, overheating, overload protection, etc.
(3) The input voltage is required to have a wider range of adaptation.
Because the terminal voltage of the solar cell varies with the load and the sunlight intensity. Especially when the battery is aging, its terminal voltage varies widely. For example, for a 12V battery, its terminal voltage may vary between 10V and 16V, which requires the inverter to ensure normal operation within a large DC input voltage range. .
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2. Classification of photovoltaic inverters
There are many ways to classify inverters. For example, according to the number of phases of the AC voltage output by the inverter, it can be divided into single-phase inverters and three-phase inverters; Divided into transistor inverters, thyristor inverters and turn-off thyristor inverters. According to the principle of the inverter circuit, it can also be divided into self-excited oscillation inverter, stepped wave superposition inverter and pulse width modulation inverter. According to the application in grid-connected system or off-grid system, it can be divided into grid-connected inverter and off-grid inverter. In order to facilitate optoelectronic users to choose inverters, here only the inverters are classified according to the different applicable occasions.
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1. Centralized inverter
The centralized inverter technology is that several parallel photovoltaic strings are connected to the DC input end of the same centralized inverter. Generally, three-phase IGBT power modules are used for high power, field effect transistors are used for low power, and DSP is used at the same time. Converting the controller to improve the quality of the generated power, making it very close to a sine wave current, is typically used in systems for large photovoltaic power plants (>10kW). The biggest feature is that the power of the system is high and the cost is low, but because the output voltage and current of different PV strings are often not completely matched (especially when the PV strings are partially blocked due to cloudy, shade, stains, etc.), the centralized inverter is adopted. The change of the way will lead to the reduction of the efficiency of the inverter process and the decrease of the energy of the electricity users. At the same time, the power generation reliability of the entire photovoltaic system is affected by the poor working state of a photovoltaic unit group. The latest research direction is the use of space vector modulation control and the development of new topological connection of inverters to obtain high efficiency under partial load conditions.
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2. String inverter
The string inverter is based on the modular concept. Each PV string (1-5kw) passes through an inverter, has the maximum power peak tracking at the DC side, and is connected in parallel at the AC side. The most popular inverter on the market.
Many large photovoltaic power plants use string inverters. The advantage is that it is not affected by module differences and shading between strings, and at the same time reduces the mismatch between the optimal operating point of photovoltaic modules and the inverter, thereby increasing the power generation. These technical advantages not only reduce system cost, but also increase system reliability. At the same time, the concept of "master-slave" is introduced between the strings, so that the system can connect several PV strings together and let one or several of them work under the condition that a single string of power cannot make a single inverter work. , thereby producing more electricity.
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3. Micro inverter
In a traditional PV system, the DC input end of each string inverter is connected in series by about 10 photovoltaic panels. When 10 panels are connected in series, if one does not work well, this string will be affected. If the same MPPT is used for multiple inputs of the inverter, all inputs will also be affected, greatly reducing the power generation efficiency. In practical applications, various occlusion factors such as clouds, trees, chimneys, animals, dust, ice and snow will cause the above factors, and the situation is very common. In the PV system of the micro-inverter, each panel is connected to a micro-inverter. When one of the panels fails to work well, only this panel will be affected. All other photovoltaic panels will operate at their best, making the overall system more efficient and generating more power. In practical applications, if the string inverter fails, it will cause several kilowatts of solar panels to fail to function, while the impact of the micro-inverter failure is quite small.
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4. Power optimizer
The addition of a power optimizer (OptimizEr) to the solar power generation system can greatly improve the conversion efficiency, and simplify the function of the inverter (Inverter) to reduce costs. In order to realize a smart solar power generation system, the device power optimizer can really make each solar cell perform its best performance, and monitor the battery consumption status at any time. The power optimizer is a device between the power generation system and the inverter, and its main task is to replace the original optimal power point tracking function of the inverter. The power optimizer performs extremely fast optimal power point tracking scanning by analogy by simplifying the circuit and a single solar cell corresponds to a power optimizer, so that each solar cell can truly achieve the optimal power point tracking , In addition, the battery status can be monitored anytime and anywhere by inserting a communication chip, and the problem can be reported immediately so that the relevant personnel can repair it as soon as possible.
mylion inverter website: https://myliontech.com/category/inverter/
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kotohira-system · 3 years ago
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JY series is a full-digitized 1/1-Phase or 3/1-Phase online low frequency UPS with MCU control. It adopts double conversion structure, advanced SCR rectifier, IGBT inverter, output isolation transformer technology, and has N+1 parallel redundancy function. Leading manufacturing technology, the ORIGINAL product design of Kotohira System!
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