#henry grace dieu

[ltwilliammowett]

The Great Harry (1514), by William Lionel Wyllie (1851-1931)

[une-sanz-pluis]

In Karen K. Jambeck's chapter, "Patterns of Women's Literary Patronage: England, 1200-c.1475", one of her end-notes records:

In this connection, it is possible that Joan FitzAlan may have had a continuing influence on her grandchildren, even after Mary’s death. She wrote at least one letter (possibly to Hugh Waterton) expressing concern for her grandchildren and mentioning Philippa by name. Of note here, too, are Nicholas Orme’s observations that Katherine Waterton was the maîtresse of Philippa, daughter of Mary de Bohun and Henry Bolingbroke, and that ABC books were purchased for Philippa, aged three, and Blanche, aged five.

Which naturally gives me emotions. I tracked down this letter which is in Anglo-Norman and it's behind the cut. As I've said before, this is beyond my very, very basic understanding of French and there is no translation that I know of.

LETTER OF JOAN, COUNTESS OF HEREFORD TO ?SIR HUGH WATERTON Treschier et tresfiable amy, jeo vous salue tressouvent de cuer, desirant entierment d'oier et savoir bones novelles de vous et de vostre bon estat et santee, si prie Dieu que tielle et si bon poet estre et l'un et l'autre come vous desiréz, que en bone foie le meillour que ceo soient le plus rejoyousement serra a moy, et a ceo sui jeo bien tenuz par longue temps, més ore plus que unques més, et ceo sibien pur mon frere l'Erchevesque come pur moy mesmes. Car coment que Dieu sciet que autre cause n'avoit més que mon dit frere et moy aussi en dusons avoir bone seignurie de nostre souverain seignur le Roy, unqore male bouche estoit entoure de nous avoir fait en le contraire, Dieu les pardoint et les amende. Et, tresfiable amy, des novelles de nostre dit souverain seignur, de ma dame la Roygne et de ma dame Phelipe et de mes seignurs, vous requer de me certifier a plus souvent que bonement purréz par les entrevenantz. Et quant des novelles de par de cea, ne vous say riens envoier. Car endroit des ennemys que dusent ariver en Engliterre les novelles en viendrent plus aspre de Wircestre que ascune cause en pur- roit estre aperceu entour ceste chose del mier, et depuis que [1] Plumothe estoit arse, jeo n'y oy riens que soit a counter des ennemys més paroles. Outre ceo, tresfiable amy, j'ay chargé T. P. de vous dire certeins matieres par bouche touchantz Monseignur Humfrey, a qui vuilléz donner credence et sur ceo ordeigner come vous semble. Autres ne vous say escrire, més vous prie de saluer souvent la meistresse, ma treschiere amie vostre compaigne, et Dame Blanche et Marie Hervy et Cecyle et toute la bone compaignie. Treschier et tresfiable amy, jeo prie a Dieu q'il vous eit en sa garde et vous doint grace ou vostre ese hastiement de venir par de cea. Escript a R. le xxviij jour d'octobre. [1] Car endroit . . . paroles = For concerning the enemies who should have arrived in England, the news comes worse from Worcester than any reason for this can be seen from the sea, and since Plymouth was burnt, I have heard nothing to relate of the enemy but words.

[empiredesimparte]

(Louis) Monseigneur, we place in your hands the life of the Emperor (Mgr Morlot) Your Imperial Highness

(Hortense) My father the Emperor is a good man, who served God with devotion. I am sure that the anointing will bring him back to us

(Mgr Mangeaux) We appeal to the compassion of Christ, Your Imperial Highness. It is regrettable that His Majesty cannot perform the sacrament of reconciliation

(Hortense) Oh! (Henri) Monseigneur… I am convinced that the Emperor Napoléon will have all the graces of God. After all, has he not once again reunited the Daughter of the Church with the Holy See, under the protection of Mary?

(Mgr Darbois) Of course, Your Imperial Highness. You are right. (Mgr Morlot, to the whole Imperial family) If you feel like it, we will discuss it again soon. It is imperative that we go to the Emperor's bedside

(Marie Joséphine) God help us (Bishop Tirmarche) His Majesty has repeatedly expressed the wish to remain alone if he were to receive extreme unction. Only men of God will attend.

(Marie Joséphine) Do what you have to do

(Louis) Thank you

Through this holy anointing, may the Lord, in His great goodness, comfort you with the grace of the Holy Spirit. Thus, having freed you from all sins, may He save you and raise you up, Emperor Napoléon.

⚜ Le Cabinet Noir | Palais des Tuileries, 21 Germinal An 230

Beginning ▬ Previous ▬ Next

▬ Version Française ▬

Louis : Monseigneur, nous remettons entre vos mains la vie de Sa Majesté l'Empereur. Mgr Morlot : Votre Altesse Impériale

Hortense : Mon père l'Empereur est un homme bon, qui a servi Dieu avec dévotion. Je suis certaine que l'onction divine le ramènera à nous.

Mgr Mangeaux : Nous en appellerons à la compassion du Christ, Votre Altesse Impériale. Il est regrettable que Sa Majesté ne puisse accomplir le sacrement de réconciliation

Hortense : Oh ! Henri : Monseigneur... Je suis persuadé que l'Empereur Napoléon aura toutes les grâces de Dieu. Après tout, n'a-t-il pas à nouveau renoué la Fille de l'Eglise avec le Saint Siège, sous la protection de la Vierge Marie ?

Mgr Darbois : Bien sûr Votre Altesse Impériale. Vous avez raison. Mgr Morlot, à toute la famille impériale : Si le coeur vous en dit, nous en rediscuterons bientôt. Nous devons impérativement aller au chevet de l'Empereur

Marie Joséphine : Que Dieu nous vienne en aide Mgr Tirmarche : Sa Majesté a exprimé le souhait à plusieurs reprises de demeurer seul si elle devait recevoir l'extrême-onction. Seuls des hommes de Dieu y assisteront.

Marie Joséphine : Faites ce que vous avez à faire

Louis : Merci

Par cette onction sainte, que le Seigneur, en sa grande bonté vous réconforte par la grâce du Saint Esprit. Ainsi, vous ayant libéré de tous péchés, qu'Il vous sauve et vous relève, Empereur Napoléon.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 6.13 (before 1950)

313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia. 1325 – Ibn Battuta begins his travels, leaving his home in Tangiers to travel to Mecca (gone 24 years). 1381 – In England, the Peasants' Revolt, led by Wat Tyler, comes to a head, as rebels set fire to the Savoy Palace. 1514 – Henry Grace à Dieu, at over 1,000 tons the largest warship in the world at this time, built at the new Woolwich Dockyard in England, is dedicated. 1525 – Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for priests and nuns. 1625 – King Charles I of England marries Catholic princess Henrietta Maria of France and Navarre, at Canterbury. 1740 – Georgia provincial governor James Oglethorpe begins an unsuccessful attempt to take Spanish Florida during the Siege of St. Augustine. 1774 – Rhode Island becomes the first of Britain's North American colonies to ban the importation of slaves. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette lands near Charleston, South Carolina, in order to help the Continental Congress to train its army. 1805 – Lewis and Clark Expedition: Scouting ahead of the expedition, Meriwether Lewis and four companions sight the Great Falls of the Missouri River. 1850 – The American League of Colored Laborers, the first African American labor union in the United States, is established in New York City. 1855 – Twentieth opera of Giuseppe Verdi, Les vêpres siciliennes ("The Sicilian Vespers"), is premiered in Paris. 1881 – The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack. 1886 – A fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia. 1893 – Grover Cleveland notices a rough spot in his mouth and on July 1 undergoes secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw; the operation was not revealed to the public until 1917, nine years after the president's death. 1895 – Émile Levassor wins the world's first real automobile race. Levassor completed the 732-mile course, from Paris to Bordeaux and back, in just under 49 hours, at a then-impressive speed of about fifteen miles per hour (24 km/h). 1898 – Yukon Territory is formed, with Dawson chosen as its capital. 1917 – World War I: The deadliest German air raid on London of the war is carried out by Gotha G.IV bombers and results in 162 deaths, including 46 children, and 432 injuries. 1927 – Aviator Charles Lindbergh receives a ticker tape parade up 5th Avenue in New York City. 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Villers-Bocage: German tank ace Michael Wittmann ambushes elements of the British 7th Armoured Division, destroying up to fourteen tanks, fifteen personnel carriers and two anti-tank guns in a Tiger I tank. 1944 – World War II: German combat elements, reinforced by the 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division, launch a counterattack on American forces near Carentan. 1944 – World War II: Germany launches the first V1 Flying Bomb attack on England. Only four of the eleven bombs strike their targets.

[katharined]

Furtive glances. Stolen kisses passed between the lips of children like sugared secrets. A flash of a cobalt-veined wrist, a milky ankle, a gleam more gaps of gum than teeth – puppy love, as fierce and unbidden as the ardent passion that burned between Antony and Cleopatra. Katharine had heard it all from her daughter who, if burdened with secrecy, leapt to unspool each tangled thread of her woes at her mother’s slippered feet. Although schooled to keep her lips sealed, the Dowager Duchess delighted in such succulent tidbits, and eyed Edmund with a sense of knowing pouring from her person: a knowing that could not be disguised, could not but be the subject of meaty gossip between Philippa and Edmund’s mothers in years gone by. But those halcyon days had passed into obscurity, and the love almost sure to develop into something more had, as young romances are wont to do, evaporated like dew in the dawn; Phillipa was a married woman, soon to produce an heir to the dukedom, and in hindsight Katharine could regard the trifling romance that had bloomed between them as simply that, a titillating history. Her smile tilted upward as Edmund drew her long, svelte arm into his grasp and graced the ridge of her knuckles with his lips. ‘Mon dieu, Earl Percy…’ Katharine sang, appraising him – always approvingly. He was, after all, a distinguished member of the peerage now, one of the King’s jauntiest cronies, and if nothing else, his title would make for an entirely suitable husband.

‘Do you make a habit of sneaking upon unsuspecting women, or has Lady Fortuna kindly blessed me with your presence?’ Lady Suffolk queried, tilting her head up at the lofty Earl. It had only been a few short months that Katharine had been in France, but already Percy looked sharper, surer, his eyes impossibly bluer – not the placid azure of a cottoned sky, but rather, the turbulent sapphire of a storm-ruffled sea, creased at the corners with dignified bemusement. Katharine could not help but titter, delightedly so. Had it been so long ago now that he was but a boy, running cheek-by-jowl with her own Philippa in the flowering courtyards of Suffolk Place? How many times had she shouted them to slow down, to take care not to snap their ankles like the branches of elm swinging overhead, looming over their necks like King Henry’s unwieldy axe?

Discretely slipping her hand out of his grasp, Katharine used it to innocuously dismiss her ladies – a flock of charges brought with her from Paris, flush with the newest fashions and tastes of the continent, who looked to Katharine as a sort of patroness in the court of King William – and grinned jovially. ‘You tell Lady Northumberland that I am most cross with her,’ she remarked, laughingly stern. ‘And if she asks why, because we both know that woman cannot go without knowing, tell her how ardently I desire her esteemed company.’ Eyeing Percy, Katharine suggests, ‘I was making my way to the chapel to distribute alms. Will you escort me, my lord? You do know what such a thing is, don't you, dear Ned?’

closed starter for @katharined !

the proposition lay between them, and despite the way that phillipa had honeyed her words, comparing them to righteous warriors doing what was best for england - he could not help but think of all the saints that had died, the men who had perished in the face of grasping glory for themselves. the thoughts plagued him even as he continued about enjoying his time by the king's side, a brotherly bond that he desired little each passing day to burn with ambition. edmund had set about informing the young grey woman about his brief change of heart, excusing himself from meal with his mother to sneak his way to where her family was staying, the trek that the man knew entirely blind. hence why edmund allows his mind to wander as he traces familiar footsteps, reassuring himself that all would be put to rest soon enough. there was no need to matryr him for this cause. a sound of a voice interrupts such lavish daydreams, edmund stilling in his tracks as he stared directly at katherine brandon. 

immediately, he politely bowed to her, deeply and dramatically, falling easily back into the role of jovial, flashy courtier within her presence. " lady suffolk," he greeted with a mischievous grin, clasping the hand she offered so that he may press a teasing kiss to her soft knuckles. " a heavenly vision, you remain. truly i am blessed by the lord with your presence." the earl glanced up at her beneath thick eyelashes, a flash of curious blues, before he rose once more to his full height. his mind briefly wracked for an excuse for his sudden appearance within the hall of her family's chambers, a faint blush painting his cheeks. " my mother wished to send her regards, though i must confess that i plucked it from the servant, my lady. so that i may steal a glimpse of you, or hear the sweet song of your laugh." 

[princess-of-france]

MARGOT What pair of reverend hypocrites were here! Didst ever hear such sacrilegious dross?

CATHERINE From the town highwayman I did, but not From fathers of our holy mother church. By my faith,—

MARGOT Which they have none.

CATHERINE Ay, faithlessly, These ministers besmirch the very weeds God graces them to wear, concealing up With rich brocade their base irreverence. Would I might shred that fabricated piety With mine own teeth! And do they thus presume Themselves baptizèd as their ancestors In holy wisdom? Is this England’s church? Is this how angels operate sur terre,   Conniving means by which an anointed king Should plunge his helpless kingdom into war, His loyal countrymen up to the ears In bloodshed, on sly promises of wealth? O, scorpions of sanctity! To pay For vicious cruelty from unhallowed coffers! To purchase death, patron annihilation, And all to block the commonwealth a law Would faintly curb the gluttony of their lives! Bon dieu, c’était une hunte!

MARGOT Mayhap his Majesty favors their fraud.

CATHERINE May God forbid it! ‘Twould be worser still, If he should sway more to the part of knaves As here complotted so degenerately In crystal comprehension their vice. Nay, Margot, I’ll not think it, for to know The hubris pricking on such hungry schemes And still accede to their ignominy, Simply to break his fast upon a battle, Would prove this gross Plantagenet so great A tyrant, so devout a harbinger Of death, as he would stymie every language For words commensurate to his depravity. No proper king could be so without grace.

MARGOT Indeed he could, and likely is, for what’s A man if not a king of rage? And what’s a king, But yet a man who may rage anywhere? This sovereign’s late aggressions blistering Our coast, from Aquitaine to Brittany, Attest his appetite for cruel abuse, Since violence sans purpose is butchery— Unless thou thinkst he rightly weighs his own Just claim, through Edward’s bitter lineage, Unto the throne of France.

CATHERINE He has no claim And shall not war with France; it is insured.

(Henry V, Part 2; Act I, scene i)

CATHERINE Didst thou Not call me Catherine?

KING HENRY V Ay, perforce I did, But only once, and many names beside.

CATHERINE How did it taste, that name upon your tongue?

KING HENRY V Like velvet wine. A Burgundy, perhaps.

CATHERINE Wouldst thou drink it again?

KING HENRY V Until I’m drunk.

CATHERINE It may give thee great pounding in thy head.

KING HENRY V Good. ‘Tis the mark of purest alcohol.

CATHERINE Mayhap the wine shall not agree with that Stout soldier’s stomach thou didst lately boast.

KING HENRY V Then argue with it will my stomach straight, Yet purge it not, nor wish I’d not imbibed.

CATHERINE And if the wine grows bitter?

KING HENRY V Drink I still. For bitterness infects us all, at times, But loving patience runs it off its track.

CATHERINE What if the wine grows discontent with waiting For some infrequent jest to spark a fire In th’ barren ice castle of a woman’s duty?

KING HENRY V The duty of a queen is to her crown, So, must she rule by him that plays the king. It is her royal right and his great need,  Or else two kingdoms fall to cold neglect.

CATHERINE Suppose the wine doth take a latent shine To some poor drinker whose lips be not thine.

KING HENRY V I do not know.

CATHERINE Nor I. I know nothing. This wine’s vintage hath not been tasted before. Then who can say what foul effect it may Engender in our blood? And what fair words Can reassure what must be kept in cruel  Obscurity, until this virgin bottle  Gurgles forth the unseen, satin prize? If thou shouldst cease to love me,—

KING HENRY V Never, Catherine.

CATHERINE Two words, too much; I prithee speak no more, Lest perjury becomes thy poltergeist And haunts thee past the brink of love forsworn. ‘Tis time, methinks, to put our vows to bed, For Time alone shall prove their verity Or our capriciousness. Come thou, sweet King, I shall believe thy rhetoric tonight; Perchance tomorrow too. Yet I do call On thy soul’s tenderness and beg thee, lord, Bestow what education thou hast gleaned With patience humbler than a shriven monk, For schoolgirls know, as scholars oft forget, That earthly wisdom hath a painful cost. Then learn me gently, learn me skillfully, Whilst I do strive to learn thy gentle skill. A herald’s work is never done, yet mine Concludes with this last, final embassy, Which thou must break thy pattern and accept Or lose to stubborn pride thy willing wife: Love me, Henry, with every breath thou hast. Leave fortunes to the future, wars to the past. Come crown thy unmade monarch; she is thine And I am yours and you forever mine.

        [Enter ALICE, two years later. She rocks a whimpering baby in her arms.]

ALICE O for a Muse of fire, that would ascend The brightest heaven of invention, A kingdom for a stage, princes to act And monarchs to behold the swelling scene! Then should the warlike Harry, like himself, Assume the port of Mars, and at his heels, Leashed in like hounds, should famine, sword and fire Crouch for employment. 

        [Enter the QUEEN, dressed all in black.]

ALICE Mais pardon. Est-ce le moment?

         [The QUEEN nods. The Queen nods. Carefully, ALICE hands her the child. They exit. Enter a funeral procession. The court of England is dressed in mourning black. A blue-and-red silk sheet covers the marble casket of King Henry V. Enter the DANCER.]

DANCER But pardon, gentles all, The flat, unraisèd spirits that have dared On this unworthy scaffold to bring forth So great an object. Can this cockpit hold The vasty fields of France? Or may we cram Within this wooden O the very casques That did affright the air at Agincourt? O, pardon! Since a crooked figure may Attest in little place a million, And let us, ciphers to this great account, On your imaginary forces work.

        [Enter QUEEN CATHERINE, aloft, holding her infant son. ALICE, EXETER, BEDFORD, and GLOUCESTER look up her.]

DANCER, cont. Suppose within the girdle of these walls Are now confined two mighty monarchies, Whose high uprearèd and abutting fronts The perilous narrow ocean parts asunder.

        [The DUKE OF BEDFORD takes the king’s crown from off his brother’s casket. He sets the crown on a pillow, held by the DUKE OF GLOUCESTER. Exit GLOUCESTER.]

DANCER, cont. Piece out our imperfections with your thoughts. Into a thousand parts divide on man, And make imaginary puissance.

        [Enter, to one side, KING HENRY V. He looks up at his wife and child.]

DANCER, cont. Think, when we talk of horses, that you see them Printing their proud hoofs i’ the receiving earth, For ‘tis your thoughts that now must deck our kings.

        [Enter GLOUCESTER, with the crown. He approaches the QUEEN.]

DANCER, cont. Carry them here and there, jumping o’er times, Turning the accomplishment of many years Into an hourglass. 

        [Exit HENRY V for the last time. GLOUCESTER kneels before his monarch and holds up the crown, nestled in the blood-red velvet cushion.]

DANCER, cont. For the which supply, Admit me Chorus to this history, Who, prologue-like, your humble patience pray Gently to hear, kindly to judge our play.

        [Below, the English and French court sinks to its knees. All hail KING HENRY VI. CATHERINE holds her son and looks out into the darkness. Into the future. Lights out.]

(Henry V, Part 2; Act V, scene iv)

To my beautiful friends,

Started from the bottom and now we’re here. And I’m emotional.

It has been the greatest honor and a joy to share the Gentle Herald Project with you all over the past three months. Thank you so much for giving me the space and support to introduce 2H5 to Tumblr. This project means the world to me and so does our wonderful Shakespeare community. Till the next French campaign, mes amis!

Oh yes, and HAPPY 598th BIRTHDAY, KING HENRY VI! ♥

xx Claire

@harry-leroy @suits-of-woe @skeleton-richard @lizbennett2013 @henriadical @aquitainequeen @dedraconesilet @stripedroseandsketchpads @sleepinelysium​ @ardenrosegarden

[captainflirt]

Carraca perteneciente al siglo XVI / 16th century carrack. These ships were called “caravela” or “nau” in Portuguese and Genoese, “carabela” or “nao” in Spanish, “caraque” or “nef” in French, and “kraak” in Dutch. A carrack was a three- or four-masted ocean-going sailing ship that was developed in the 14th to 15th centuries in Europe (mainly Portugal).

Famous carracks

Santa María, in which Christopher Columbus made his first voyage to America in 1492.

São Gabriel, flagship of Vasco da Gama, in the 1497 Portuguese expedition from Europe to India by circumnavigating Africa.

Victoria, the first ship in history to circumnavigate the globe (1519 to 1522), and the only survivor of Magellan's expedition for Spain.

Mary Rose, built during the reign of Henry VIII — English military carracks like these were often called great ships.

Grace Dieu, commissioned by Henry V. One of the largest ships in the world at the time, she was one of the very first ships to be armed with cannons.

Madre de Deus, which was seized by the Royal Navy off Flores Island. Built in Lisbon during 1589, she was one of the world's largest ships. She was captured by the English in 1592 with an enormously valuable cargo from the East Indies that is still considered as the second-largest treasure ever captured.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrack

[bantarleton]

The Great Michael - the giant Scottish Crusader Warship

Michael, popularly known as Great Michael, was a carrack or great ship of the Royal Scottish Navy. She was the largest ship built by King James IV of Scotland as part of his policy of building a strong Scottish navy.

She was ordered around 1505 and laid down in 1507 under the direction of Captain Sir Andrew Wood of Largo and the master shipwright Jacques Terrell, launched on 12 October 1511 and completed on 18 February 1512. She was too large to be built at any existing Scottish dockyard, so was built at the new dock at Newhaven. When Michael was launched she was the largest ship afloat, with twice the original displacement of her English contemporary Mary Rose, which was launched in 1509 and completed in 1510.

The poet William Dunbar wrote of her construction:

.....................carpentaris, Beildaris of barkis and ballingaris, Masounis lyand upon the land And schipwrichtis hewand upone the strand.

— William Dunbar, "To the King [Schir, ye have mony servitouris]" Translation:

Carpenters, Builders of barks and ballingars, Masons lying upon the land, And shipwrights hewing upon the strand.

The chronicler Lindsay of Pitscottie wrote of the building of Michael that "all the woods of Fife" went into her construction. Account books add that timbers were purchased from other parts of Scotland, as well as from France and the Baltic Sea. Lindsay gives her dimensions as 240 feet (73 m) long and 35 ft (11 m) in beam. Russell (1922) notes that Michael was supposed to have been built with oak walls 10 ft (3.0 m) thick. She displaced about 1,000 tons, had four masts, carried 24 guns (purchased from Flanders) on the broadside, 1 basilisk forward and 2 aft, and 30 smaller guns (later increased to 36 main guns), and had a crew of 300 sailors, 120 gunners, and up to 1,000 soldiers.

Henry VIII of England was unwilling to be outdone, and ordered the building of the 1000-ton Henry Grace à Dieu, launched in roughly 1512, later known as Great Harry, which was even larger. These ships were the first great ships, the precursors of the later ship of the line.

Michael was named after the archangel Michael and built to support a Scottish crusade against the Ottoman Empire to reclaim Palestine for Christendom. This grandiose plan had to be changed when the commitments of the Auld Alliance with France required Scotland to go to war with England, to divert England from her war with Louis XII of France (see the Italian Wars).

In August 1513 a Scottish invasion force was assembled to attack English possessions in France. Commanded by James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Arran, the chief ships were Michael, Margaret and James. Instead of attacking the English, Arran raided Carrickfergus in Ireland and returned with loot before proceeding to France.

A warship of this size was costly to maintain, particularly for a small country like Scotland. After James IV and many of the nobility of Scotland were killed at the Battle of Flodden in September 1513, Michael was sold to Louis XII of France on 2 April 1514 for the bargain price of 40,000 livres and became known as "La Grande Nef d'Ecosse" (The Big Nave of Scotland) (Nave is from the medieval Latin navis, meaning 'ship'). In March 1514 Michael was reported to be docked at Honfleur because she was too big for the harbour at Dieppe. Most historians have accepted the account of the Scottish historian George Buchanan that after this, the French allowed her to rot at Brest. Norman MacDougall in 1991 suggested that under her new French name, she may have been used in the French attack on England in 1545 that led to the sinking of the English warship Mary Rose in the Battle of the Solent on 19 July 1545.

[ltwilliammowett]

Dated to 1419, this bench-end was originally in St. Nicholas’ Chapel, King’s Lynn, Norfolk. (x)

It depicts a two-masted carrack with two-stage fighting castles fore and aft, which show that the vessel was a warship. Possibly the Henry Grace à Dieu which was the fourth of Henry V’s greatest warships, constructed for the battle with France. She was assembled in Southampton between 1416 and 1418 and at the time was the largest ship built in England.

these bench dates from the years when Henry V’s royal fleet had both ‘great ships’ and carracks, though there is no evidence to link this image directly with the king’s ships. That said, it’s likely that Henry’s great ships looked something like this.

[une-sanz-pluis]

When I was looking up a reference in Chris Given-Wilson's biography of Henry IV, I just happened to glance at the footnotes and saw this sentence:

Henry often commented on his health in his letters; Prince Henry apparently liked to be reassured about his father's health (ANLP, 286–7, 405, 465; CDS, v.917).

I don't know, it just makes me feel things. The first reference is for the Anglo-Norman Letters and Petitions, which is online here, but the first reference is the only one that deals the Prince and his father (I think, it's all in Anglo-Norman and I'm only Unit 5 of Duolingo's French course). Still, I've copied it below the cut if anyone wants to see it.

HENRY IV TO HENRY, PRINCE OF WALES 1402 Treschier et tresentierment bien amé filz, nous vous saluons de tresentier cuer ove la benisoun de Dieu et la nostre. Et pur ce que l'affions bien que pur vostre consola cioun vous desirés d'estre souvent acerteinéz de nostre estat, nous vous signifions que au departir de cestes nous estions en bone santee de nostre persone, mercié en soit nostre seignur, qui par sa grace ce vous ottroit. Treschier et tresamé filz, nous escrivons de present par la portour d'icestes a noz treschiers et foialx cousins, les Contes d'Arundelle et de Staffort, q'ils ovec tout leur poair soient assistantz, aidantz et vous supportantz pur resistre a la malice de noz rebelx en paijs de Gales. Et pur ce a la resis tence d'icelles mettre veulléz vostre entiere diligence, par la deliberacioun et avys de ceulx de vostre Conseil, en nous signifiant de temps en temps de vostre esploit au fin que nous vous puissions esforcier ovec nostre pouair si busoigne soit. Treschier etc. nostre sire vous eit en sa seint garde. Donné etc. De par le Roy au Prince.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 6.13

313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia. 1325 – Ibn Battuta begins his travels, leaving his home in Tangiers to travel to Mecca (gone 24 years). 1381 – In England, the Peasants' Revolt, led by Wat Tyler, comes to a head, as rebels set fire to the Savoy Palace. 1514 – Henry Grace à Dieu, at over 1,000 tons the largest warship in the world at this time, built at the new Woolwich Dockyard in England, is dedicated. 1525 – Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for priests and nuns. 1625 – King Charles I of England marries Catholic princess Henrietta Maria of France and Navarre, at Canterbury. 1740 – Georgia provincial governor James Oglethorpe begins an unsuccessful attempt to take Spanish Florida during the Siege of St. Augustine. 1774 – Rhode Island becomes the first of Britain's North American colonies to ban the importation of slaves. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette lands near Charleston, South Carolina, in order to help the Continental Congress to train its army. 1805 – Lewis and Clark Expedition: Scouting ahead of the expedition, Meriwether Lewis and four companions sight the Great Falls of the Missouri River. 1855 – Twentieth opera of Giuseppe Verdi, Les vêpres siciliennes ("The Sicilian Vespers"), is premiered in Paris. 1881 – The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack. 1886 – A fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia. 1893 – Grover Cleveland notices a rough spot in his mouth and on July 1 undergoes secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw; the operation was not revealed to the public until 1917, nine years after the president's death. 1895 – Émile Levassor wins the world's first real automobile race. Levassor completed the 732-mile course, from Paris to Bordeaux and back, in just under 49 hours, at a then-impressive speed of about fifteen miles per hour (24 km/h). 1898 – Yukon Territory is formed, with Dawson chosen as its capital. 1917 – World War I: The deadliest German air raid on London of the war is carried out by Gotha G.IV bombers and results in 162 deaths, including 46 children, and 432 injuries. 1927 – Aviator Charles Lindbergh receives a ticker tape parade up 5th Avenue in New York City. 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Villers-Bocage: German tank ace Michael Wittmann ambushes elements of the British 7th Armoured Division, destroying up to fourteen tanks, fifteen personnel carriers and two anti-tank guns in a Tiger I tank. 1944 – World War II: German combat elements, reinforced by the 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division, launch a counterattack on American forces near Carentan. 1944 – World War II: Germany launches the first V1 Flying Bomb attack on England. Only four of the eleven bombs strike their targets. 1952 – Catalina affair: A Swedish Douglas DC-3 is shot down by a Soviet MiG-15 fighter. 1966 – The United States Supreme Court rules in Miranda v. Arizona that the police must inform suspects of their Fifth Amendment rights before questioning them (colloquially known as "Mirandizing"). 1967 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson nominates Solicitor-General Thurgood Marshall to become the first black justice on the U.S. Supreme Court. 1971 – Vietnam War: The New York Times begins publication of the Pentagon Papers. 1973 – In a game versus the Philadelphia Phillies at Veterans Stadium, Steve Garvey, Davey Lopes, Ron Cey and Bill Russell play together as an infield for the first time, going on to set the record of staying together for 8+1⁄2 years. 1977 – Convicted Martin Luther King Jr. assassin James Earl Ray is recaptured after escaping from prison three days before. 1977 – The Uphaar Cinema Fire took place at Green Park, Delhi, resulting in the deaths of 59 people and seriously injured 103 others. 1981 – At the Trooping the Colour ceremony in London, a teenager, Marcus Sarjeant, fires six blank shots at Queen Elizabeth II. 1982 – Fahd becomes King of Saudi Arabia upon the death of his brother, Khalid. 1982 – Battles of Tumbledown and Wireless Ridge, during the Falklands War. 1983 – Pioneer 10 becomes the first man-made object to leave the central Solar System when it passes beyond the orbit of Neptune. 1990 – First day of the June 1990 Mineriad in Romania. At least 240 strikers and students are arrested or killed in the chaos ensuing from the first post-Ceaușescu elections. 1994 – A jury in Anchorage, Alaska, blames recklessness by Exxon and Captain Joseph Hazelwood for the Exxon Valdez disaster, allowing victims of the oil spill to seek $15 billion in damages. 1996 – The Montana Freemen surrender after an 81-day standoff with FBI agents. 1996 – Garuda Indonesia flight 865 crashes during takeoff from Fukuoka Airport, killing three people and injuring 170. 1997 – A jury sentences Timothy McVeigh to death for his part in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. 1999 – BMW win 1999 24 Hours of Le Mans. 2000 – President Kim Dae-jung of South Korea meets Kim Jong-il, leader of North Korea, for the beginning of the first ever inter-Korea summit, in the northern capital of Pyongyang. 2000 – Italy pardons Mehmet Ali Ağca, the Turkish gunman who tried to kill Pope John Paul II in 1981. 2002 – The United States withdraws from the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty. 2005 – The jury acquits pop singer Michael Jackson of his charges for allegedly sexually molesting a child in 1993. 2007 – The Al Askari Mosque is bombed for a second time. 2010 – A capsule of the Japanese spacecraft Hayabusa, containing particles of the asteroid 25143 Itokawa, returns to Earth by landing in the Australian Outback. 2012 – A series of bombings across Iraq, including Baghdad, Hillah and Kirkuk, kills at least 93 people and wounds over 300 others. 2015 – A man opens fire at policemen outside the police headquarters in Dallas, Texas, while a bag containing a pipe bomb is also found. He was later shot dead by police. 2018 – Volkswagen is fined one billion euros over the emissions scandal. 2021 – A gas explosion in Zhangwan district of Shiyan city, in Hubei province of China kills at least 12 people and wounds over 138 others.

[nebris]

Henry Grace à Dieu ("Henry, Thanks be to God"), also known as Great Harry,[2] was an English carrack or "great ship" of the King's Fleet in the 16th century, and in her day the largest warship in the world.[2] Contemporary with Mary Rose, Henry Grace à Dieu was even larger, and served as Henry VIII's flagship. Built by William Bond (master shipwright) under the direction of Robert Brygandine (clerk of the ships),[2] she had a large forecastle four decks high, and a stern castle two decks high. She was 165 feet (50 m) long, measuring 1,000 tons burthen[a] and having a complement of 700 men.[2] She was ordered by Henry VIII, probably to replace Grace Dieu (later renamed Regent), which had been destroyed at the Battle of Saint-Mathieu in August 1512,[3] and at a time of naval rivalry with the Kingdom of Scotland, her size was in response to the Scottish ship Great Michael, which had herself been the largest warship when launched in 1511. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grace_%C3%A0_Dieu

[yhwhrulz]

Today's selected anniversaries:

1514:

Henry Grace à Dieu (depicted), the largest warship in the

world at the time, was launched from Woolwich Dockyard, England.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Grace_%C3%A0_Dieu

1971:

The New York Times published the first excerpts from the

Pentagon Papers, a 7,000-page classified Department of Defense history of the United States' political and military involvement in the Vietnam War.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentagon_Papers

1981:

English teenager Marcus Sarjeant fired six blanks at Queen

Elizabeth II as she rode down The Mall to the Trooping the Colour

ceremony.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus_Sarjeant

[walterplittquintin]

The "Great Harry" or "Henri grace a dieu" 1545 https://www.instagram.com/p/CNNS9EMlghU/?igshid=1qpslci6y9bcg

[feuillesmortes]

This is a ficlet in honour of @harritudur’s birthday. Happy birthday, dearest! Don’t mind me, this is just some Tudor family fluff. x

A long silence filled the room, disturbed only by the flickers of the fireplace and the murmurs of the petitioners gathered together along the hall. The king was holding justice that day; his subjects tiptoed in the throne room. Elizabeth had been standing for more than an hour in the side gallery when she felt Prince Harry tugging at the fabric of her skirts. 

“Mama, it’s taking too long.”

She squeezed his hand to shush him. “I know, love. Be patient. Just a moment now.”

That morning Elizabeth had visited the royal nursery at Eltham Palace. She had personally gone to check on baby Mary’s health, only to find her daughter safe and sound in her peaceful slumber bliss. The death of her dear Bessie the year before had left her terribly fearful for her children. It was not difficult now to find the queen journeying back and forth between the palaces. 

Just moments before she left Eltham, Harry came running after her. He said he wanted to see his father. He wanted to show the king the prayer book Lady Margaret had gifted him: a beautiful item richly adorned with gemstones and exquisite illuminated pages. Elizabeth knew the prince hadn’t taken all his lessons that day, yet she could not resist taking him with her. Not when he had asked her so sweetly.

At that moment Harry was restless beside her. “Mama,” he shook her hand. “Grandmother said I could be pope someday.”

“Did she?” Harry bounced his head, nodding. Pope, she let that notion sink in. Surely just imagining her son as God’s highest servant should fill her with pride. Yet, the thought of her boy pursuing a career in far-away Rome made Elizabeth uneasy. She knew the girls would grow up to marry foreign princes, hopefully they would become queens themselves. But must Harry leave her as well? Him, too?

She circled Harry’s shoulders and brought him closer. She started, almost carefully. “My sweet, do you… Do you want to become pope? You know you can do whatever you want.”

He shook his head. “No, mama—” Elizabeth sighed with relief. “—I want to be king! Like Papa!” He lifted up his chin and placed his hands on his hips, taking a prideful stance.

“Harry, no!” She laughed, immediately covering her mouth so as to not break protocol and the silence of the room. “Love, we’ve talked about this. Your brother Arthur, as the eldest, inherits the crown after your father.”

“But I too want to defeat an evil king and marry a beautiful princess!”

Is that how they say it happened? Elizabeth took a knee and smoothed his lovely ginger strands into place. “My darling, you are the second son…”

“But then who am I going to be?”

You’re going to be my darling boy, she thought bluntly. No, she needed a better answer than that. She held both his hands in her own. “You are the Duke of York, are you not? You will be your brother’s right hand. His most loved and trusted advisor. Isn’t that just grand?”

Her boy gave her a rather dissatisfied pout. “I suppose so, mama.”

A commotion in the throne room made Elizabeth stand up again. She heard the session being dismissed by two hits of a staff on the floor. “Come, love. It’s time.” As petitioners all but fled the room in flocks, Elizabeth left the gallery to approach the throne from the side, taking Harry with her by the hand. A couple of her ladies-in-waiting trailed behind them. Her husband was handing back the crown and other regalia when his eyes found her. 

“Bess, is that you?” He gave her a pleasant smile. “I didn’t expect you back so soon.”

“Yes, your Grace. I have brought you a visitor.” She looked back to Harry half-hidden behind her skirts. Seeing his father holding the hand of justice had made him surprisingly timid.

“Oh.” Henry shifted in his throne, noticing the prince. The little hand wrapped around her leg was a sure giveaway. Henry hesitated, not knowing whether to take it as a child’s play or not. “Who is it you bring with you, I wonder? Who could that be?” 

“Me!” Their son giggled and jumped from behind her, landing with a pose.

“Prince Harry wishes to show you the splendid gift my Lady Margaret gave him. Isn’t it, Harry?” One of her ladies came forward with the prayer book and placed it in the prince’s hands.

“Then by all means, come show me.” Henry beckoned his son forward with a light tap on his knees. 

It was all that was needed for Harry to sprint in his direction. He threw himself in his father’s lap with such energy and enthusiasm that he caused the king to grunt. The few courtiers that still lingered in the room collectively gasped.

“Harry!” She admonished the prince with a hard look. “Be careful with your father, the king!” 

“There’s no need for concern. No harm was done.” Her husband was only amused as he struggled to find the right balance for Harry on his knees. The image of the king holding his son on his lap was rather alien to everyone present, including the king himself.

“Kings are supposed to be strong, mama!” Henry let out a hearty laughter at that. Onlookers shared relieved glances and polite smiles. The prince twisted around to look at his father, a bit vexed. “Are they not, papa?”

“Yes, little one, they are. Strong of body, but most importantly—” The king tapped his head with his index finger. “—Strong of mind.” 

Elizabeth watched her son’s face going into a slight frown. As much as Harry resembled his grandfather Edward, it was impossible not to see how his eyebrows furrowed together just like Henry’s when he was upset. Especially now, with their faces so close to each other. The prince frowned in mild confusion; the king squinted his eyes to look at the meticulous details of the prayer book.

The king started again. “Come on then. Show me your how your Latin is going.” He opened the book at the Angelus. “Read to me.”

Harry’s high-pitched voice soon followed. “Angelus Domini nuntiavit Mariae…” As it was customary, the prince beamed under attention. Whenever he stumbled on the pronunciation of a word, he went back and read it again with confidence anew. “… Ora pro nobis, sancta Dei Geni– Dei Genitrix…” Every few words his father corrected him, but it didn’t make the king any less proud of his son’s progress.

He squeezed the boy’s arm when he finished. “You did good, Harry.”

“I did! Master Martin says I do! And he says I have great talent for dancing! I’ll show you!” Even though Harry had performed to them countless times before, he still leapt from the throne and ran across the room to drag poor Lady Joan into a lively country dance. 

While the flamboyant steps of the prince entertained the courtiers, the king stood from the throne and joined Elizabeth’s side. He kept his eyes on the dancing and his voice low. “And Margaret? Is she in good health?”

She replied in that same hushed tone. “By God’s grace, yes.”

“And the baby…?”

“Sleeping soundly as an angel.” 

Henry sighed softly. “Dieu soit loué.” He discreetly took his middle and index finger to his lips, raising his eyes at the vaulted ceiling to the Lord above. He let down his hand and Elizabeth laced those two fingers with hers for a brief second.

He shot her a sideways glance before focusing on the dance again. “Will you sup in my rooms tonight?”

She fought against a growing smile. “Only if it will please your Grace.” 

“Oh, it would please me greatly.” He too struggled to keep a straight face, as the upturned corners of his mouth told her so well. 

“Then I will be happy to oblige.”

Looking at his profile, a flash of vivid memories came back to Elizabeth. That spot where his jaw and neck met — that spot boiling under her lips, limbs intertwined, her hand brushing slick strands of hair glued to his temples. Dear God! She needed to confess again.

Henry moved closer, his voice barely above a whisper. “Don’t bring your ladies.” He placed a hand at the small of her back and slid it to her hip before pulling it back, heat radiating through the fabric.

She felt her cheeks burning. She had lost her battle against smiling. “I will find an excuse to dismiss them.”

“I’m sure you will.” He fully turned to her, eyes entrancing, thin lips flashing a smile of his own.

Prince Harry ended the dance with a graceful twirl. A round of applause started by the king soon followed, making her little boy look exceedingly proud of himself as he bowed. The prince came running to where his parents stood and Elizabeth pulled him close and kissed his forehead. At that moment she herself felt like the proudest mother in the Christendom. 

[fureyforth]

imagine England then

“Perhaps you have seen, in Italy, a painting of a house with one wall removed? The painter does this to show you the deep interior of a room, where at a prie-dieu a virgin kneels, surrounded by bowls of ripening fruit. Her expression is private and reserved; she has kicked off her shoes and she is waiting to be filled with grace. Already you can see the angel hovering above the rooftops, a blur of gold on the skyline, while below in the street the people go about their business, and some of them glance upward, as if attracted by a quickening in the air. In the next street, through an archway, down a flight of steps, a housewife is hanging out washing, and someone is rising from the dead. White pelicans sit on rooftops, waiting for Christ’s imminence to be pronounced. A mitred bishop strolls through the piazza, a peacock perches on a balcony among potted plants, and striated clouds like bales of silk roll above the city: that city which itself, in miniature form, is presented on a plat for the viewer, its inverse form dimly glowing in the silver surface: its spires and battlements, its gardens and bell towers.

Imagine England then, its principal city, where swans sail among the river-craft, and its wise children go in velvet; the broad Thames a creeping road on which the royal barge, from palace to palace, carries the king and his bride. Draw back the curtain that protects them from the vulgar gaze, and see her feet in their little brocade slippers set side by side modestly, and her face downturned as she listens to a verse the king is whispering in her ear: ‘Alas, madam, for stealing of a kiss...’ See his great hand creep across her person, fingertips resting on her belly, enquiringly. His hands are alive with fire, rubies on every finger. Within the stones their lights flicker, and clouds move, white and dark. This stone gladdens the heart and protects against the plague. The speculative physicians speak of its heated nature: notice the heated nature of the king. The emerald too is a stone of potent virtue, but if worn during the sexual act is liable to shatter. Yet it has a greenness to which no earthly green can compare, it is an Arabian stone and found in the nests of griffins; its verdant depths restore the weary mind and, if gazed on constantly, it sharpens the sight. So look... see a street opened to you, a house with its walls folded back: in which the king’s councillor sits, wrapped in thought, on his finger a turquoise, at his hand a pen.

At midsummer, the walls of the Tower are splashed with banners and streamers in the colours of the sun and the sea. Mock battles are staged mid-current, and the rumble of celebratory cannon fire shakes the creeping channels of the estuaries and disturbs the fish in the deep. In sundry and several ceremonies, Queen Jane is shown to the Londoners. She rides with Henry to Mercers’ Hall for the ceremony of setting the city watch. A parade of two thousand men, escorted by torchbearers, walks from Paul’s down West Cheap and Aldgate, and by Fenchurch Street back to Cornhill. The city constables wear scarlet cloaks and gold chains, and there is a show of weaponry, and the lord mayor and sheriff ride in their armour with surcoats of crimson. And there are dancers and morris men and giants, wine and cakes and ale, and bonfires glowing as the light fades. ‘London, thou art the flower of cities all.’”

(from The Mirror & The Light, by Hilary Mantel)