#fluencylevelfrench

[marie-curie]

Pancakes and books for the soul. Missing the snow but enjoying the sun.

[in--other--words]

Fav Langblrs

Week 2, day 7 of prepolyglot’s langblr reactivation challenge

linguistness - lots of cool langblr but also linguistics content (German, Swedish, French, Czech)

cumbiana - phd life with some Spanish and langblr content thrown in

spanishskulduggery - really helpful explanations about Spanish grammar and vocab

thetudes - lots of useful resources for French

3oey - cute vocab drawings for Russian :3

tealingual - tonnes of resources for tonnes of different languages, great for resource masterposts

sciogli-lingua - several languages but especially Italian

pompadourpink - the ultimate authority on the French language as far as I'm concerned forget L'Académie Française

linguenuvolose - language study and general life posts, just a nice vibe

fluencylevelfrench - French and also book recs

[randomstudyblr]

Konjunktiv in German

This is part of the Langblr reactivation challenge! This is day 9 :)

Write an explanation on a grammar rule in your target language (such as verb tenses, exceptions, word order, etc). Include sentences to show how and when it is used.

Sooo Konjunktiv, we finally meet.

Aka this is the Konjunktiv post that nobody asked me to write and yet I did. This is the English version, but you can also find the German version here (I can't promise that it will be more understandable tho) :)

Konjunktiv I is used for indirect speech. There are also some fixed situations in which one always uses Konjunktiv I. The main verb is only conjugated in the present tense; the auxiliary verbs are conjugated for the other tenses.

The verb sein is regular in Konjunktiv I: ich sei, du seiest, er sei, wir seien, ihr seiet, sie seien.

The rest of verbs are conjugated with the following pattern:

The third person singular is the most used, because it's the most frequent form in indirect speech. In order to conjugate it, one must remove the -n from the infinitive form: haben - er habe.

The modal verbs are also regular in the 1st and 3rd person singular: ich/er/sie/es müsse.

2nd person singular and plural are different from the indicative only by an -e: du gehst - du gehest/ihr geht - ihr gehet.

The 1st person singular and 1st and 3rd persons plural are the same as the indicative, so one must use the Konjunktiv II for situations when these persons are needed.

One can build sentences in the past, present and future with Konjunktiv I :

Simultaneity. The main and subordinate clauses occur at the same time: er sagt, sie lese ein Buch.

Anteriority. The subordinate occurs before the main clause: er sagt, sie habe ein Buch gelesen.

Posteriority - Futur I and II. The subordinate occurs in the future of the main clause: er sagt, sie werde ein Buch lesen/er sagt, sie werde ein Buch gelesen haben.

To speak about things that are impossible or unlikely, we use Konjunktiv II, but also for indirect speech and other situations:

Wishes and hopes.

Unreal statements or conditional sentences.

As previously explained, indirect speech (when Konkunktiv I isn't possible)

Particularly polite or careful requests or statements

There is one pure form of Konjunktiv II, for the present, and several forms with auxiliary verbs.

For the present, only strong verbs are conjugated in Konjunktiv II, because the subjunctive form in weak verbs is the same as indicative Präteritum. In order to conjugate strong verbs in Konjunktiv II, one must add the subjunctive endings (-e, -est, -e, -en, -et, -en) to the Präteritum root. Additionally, the verbs that have an a/o/u receive an Umlaut:

ich fände, du fändest, er fände, wir fänden, ihr fändet, sie fänden.

The modal and auxiliary verbs are also conjugated in Präteritum in Konjunktiv II:

ich wäre/ich hätte/ich würde/ich könnte/ich dürfte/ich müsste/ich sollte/ich wollte...

But many people already know these forms! They are the ones used for polite requests: ich hätte gerne...

The other tenses are conjugated with auxiliary verbs:

For situations in the future, but also for those in the present, one can use würden + infinitive. This is also the only form can be used for the present in weak verbs: ich würde warten.

Plusquamperfekt is constructed with haben or sein in Konjunktiv II + the participle of the verb. It's the past tense: ich hätte gefunden/ich wäre gegangen.

There is a second future form, Futur II, which is built with würde + participle + haben/sein: ich würde geträumt haben.

Thank you very very much to @dreamofghosts for the corrections and help in making sense of this....... interesting topic lol!!

[voyagenotes]

This was a good start. This spring feels nice. Heavy and light at the same time.

[teacherstudiies]

Hello! How are you? How has the new term started for you ? :) have a great Sunday evening!

Oh hello!! I’m good, how are you??

The new term has been going well so far! I have a lot of new students so I’m still learning names.

How has your new term been going?

✨⭐️

[corvid-language-library]

Hello!! I'm excited to read all about your year on this new blog! :) hope you start your new year nice!

Thanks Sophie! My actual start to the new year was a bit rocky just because I was trying to clear out all my stuff from my house in the UK and I ended up fighting with my ex, my dad and my mum. But I'm discounting all that and counting my start to the new year as from the 2nd.

And it was a great start to the new year! The sky was beautiful as we flew over Estonia and the world below was a winter wonderland. The food on my flights was surprisingly good, and I managed to finish a whole book! Now I'm home in Yamagata and I'm very excited to get back to work and really throw myself into the life I've chosen with no ties to the past; only a whole lot of opportunities in my future :D

I hope you have a great start to your new year too!

[sprachgefuehle]

omg hell yeah Piranesi 5 stars!! yay!

YESSS!!!!! I didn't know anything about the book beforehand so it took me completely by suprise. I love Piranesi as a main character so much and I am also obsessing over how it takes many ingredients that I love in a story (e.g. "the house is alive") but instead of having it be a horror story it's...very blissfull actually?

I also read somewhere that Susanne Clarke loves going on long walks and tried to experience that via Piranesi when she struggling with chronic fatigue and I can really relate to that. So yes, 5 stars!!!!!! I loved it a lot!!!!

[notgreengardens]

you like fantasy books? you like to sleep in ?

Double yes to that! I haven't read any high fantasy in some time, though, but one of my current favourite genres is magical realism, so I guess that can kinda fall under that umbrella as well. And yeah, one thing about me is that I Like To Sleep.

[natreads]

Good luck from me as well!! (and no never heard of this superstition before, very interesting!)

Maybe it truly is just a Swedish thing! (you know what I wanna say but I'll just leave this instead: ❤❤❤)

[lemonadeandlanguages]

3 and 7?

Hi! :)

3: What book are you planning to read next?

Either "Deep Fake" by Ward Larsen or "The Curse of Capistrano" by Johnson McCulley

7: What was/were the last book/books you bought?

I actually bought three books this month! :D "State of Terror" by Hillary Clinton and Louise Penny, "Deep Fake" by Ward Larsen, and "Diablo Mesa" by Preston & Child. I've only read the first one so far, but I'm excited to read the rest!!

Thanks for the questions!

Bookish asks

[marie-curie]

visiting museums and book shops in málaga.

[a-study-in-dante]

🧸 Favorite place to nap?

☕ Coffee or tea?

Thanks for the ask ✨

🧸 Favorite place to nap?

Believe it or not, I'm not a big napper (even though I run on very few hours of sleep because of insomnia, on most days). But. 2 meaningful and oddly specific place in my nap life: the beat-up couch in my former students' society, known as the royal nap couch from the time I was president of the society; and the couch of the hotel we used to go on comitee weekend trip. Something in the angle of the armrest with the couch made it the best nap spot I've ever had.

☕ Coffee or tea?

Definitely coffee! The warmth of my heart. I've been living in the UK for six months now and I drank tea on two (2) occasions only: one was proper English Breakfast, the other was authentic Indian chai.

[randomstudyblr]

Konjunktiv auf Deutsch

This is part of the Langblr reactivation challenge! This is day 9 :)

Write an explanation on a grammar rule in your target language (such as verb tenses, exceptions, word order, etc). Include sentences to show how and when it is used.

Sooo Konjunktiv, we finally meet.

Aka this is the Konjunktiv post that nobody asked me to write and yet I did. It's probably not very understandable, especially if German isn't your first language, so I've also written it in English here :)

Konjunktiv I wird für die indirekte Rede verwendet. Außerdem gibt es feste Wendungen, wo man immer Konjunktiv I benutzt. Nur im Präsens muss man das Hauptverb konjugieren; anderseits werden nur die Hilfsverben konjugiert.

Das Verb sein ist im Konjunktiv I üblich: ich sei, du seiest, er sei, wir seien, ihr seiet, sie seien.

Die andere Verben konjugiert man nach dem folgenden Muster:

3. Person Singular wird am meisten verwendet, weil es in der indirekten Rede öfter passiert. Um es zu konjugieren, muss man das -n vom Infinitiv entfernen: haben - er habe.

Die Modalverben sind auch in der 1. und 3. Person Singular üblich: ich/er/sie/es müsse.

2. Person Singular und Plural werden von Indikativ nur durch das -e unterschieden: du gehst - du gehest/ihr geht - ihr gehet.

1. Person Singular und 1./3. Person Plural: da sich der Konjunktiv nicht vom Indikativ unterscheidet, muss man Konjunktiv II oder andere Verbformen verwenden.

Im Konjunktiv I kann man Sätze in der Gegenwart, Vergangenheit und Zukunft bilden. Zum Beispiel:

Gleichzeitigkeit. Haupt- und Nebensatz passieren gleichzeitig: er sagt, sie lese ein Buch.

Vorzeitigkeit. Nebensatz ist in der Vergangenheit des Hauptsatzes passier: er sagt, sie habe ein Buch gestern gelesen.

Nachzeitigkeit - Futur I und II. Nebensatz wird in der Zukunft des Hauptsatzes passieren: er sagt, sie werde morgen ein Buch lesen/er sagt, sie werde morgen ein Buch gelesen haben.

Um über nicht mögliche Sachen zu sprechen verwenden wir Konjunktiv II (aka Irrealis), aber auch für die indirekte Rede und andere Situationen:

Wünsche und Hoffnungen.

irreale Aussagen oder Bedingungssätze.

die vorherige erklärte indirekte Rede (wenn Konjunktiv I nicht möglich ist).

besonders höfliche oder vorsichtige Anfragen oder Aussagen.

Es gibt eine pure Form vom Konjunktiv II, für die Gegenwart, und mehrere Formen mit Hilfsverben.

In der Gegenwart kann man nur starke Verben im Konjunktiv II konjugieren, da schwache Verben gleich wie im Indikativ Präteritum konjugiert werden. Um starke Verben im Konjunktiv II zu bilden, muss man Konjunktivendungen an den Präteritumstamm anhängen (-e, -est, -e, -en, -et, -en). Außerdem erhalten Verben mit a/o/u einen Umlaut:

ich fände, du fändest, er fände, wir fänden, ihr fändet, sie fänden.

Die Modalverben und Hilfsverben konjugieren sich im Konjunktiv II auch:

ich wäre/ich hätte/ich würde/ich könnte/ich dürfte/ich müsste/ich sollte/ich wollte.

Aber manche Leute kennen schon diese Formen! Sie werden benutzt, wenn man vorsichtige Anfragen macht: Ich hätte gerne...

Die andere Formen werden mit Hilfsverben konjugiert.

Für zukünftige Situationen und auch für Situationen in der Gegenwart kann man würden + Infinitiv benutzen. Für schwache Verben ist diese die einzige Form, die für die Gegenwart benutzt wird: ich würde warten.

Plusquamperfekt bildet sich mit haben oder sein im Konjunktiv II + partizip des Verbs. Man benutzt Plusquamperfekt für die Vergangenheit: ich hätte gefunden/ich wäre gegangen.

Da gibt es auch eine zweite Futur-Form (Futur II). Sie ist mit würde + partizip + haben/sein gebildet: ich würde geträumt haben.

Vielen vielen Dank an Em @dreamofghosts für die Korrekturen und allgemeine Hilfe!!!!!!!!!!

[voyagenotes]

Last couple of days were filled with blue skies and reading. Ignoring a literal existential crisis, I'm doing really well.

[teacherstudiies]

Happy New Year! Good luck with everything that the teacher's training is throwing at you this year! It will be hard, but I am sure you'll get through it. You got this! <3

This is really sweet of you, thank you so much! Very appreciated 🥹

Happy New Year to you too!!

[melaschnie]

12, 22, 24? :)

12. Any books that disappointed you?

definitely, and more than i expected to as well! to name one, i really thought winter in sokchu would be more interesting than it turned out to be, i just couldn't get into the story and didn't like the characters.

22. What’s the longest book you read?

rule of wolves! technically i listened to the audiobook but depending on which print edition you look at it has around 600 pages :)

24. Did you DNF anything? Why?

i didn't dnf anything yet! the closest i came was when i started inception and philosophy in july or august as an ebook but decided i'd much rather get a physical copy of it. so i waited until i moved back home to really start it. yes it still took me months to finish it but it's still nonfiction, what do you expect ashdkl

thank you for the ask, sophie! <3

drop me a number from these questions in my asks if you’d like! :)