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The blades like irises turning very fast to see you completely—steel-blue then red where the cut occurs—the cut of you—they don’t want to know you they want to own you—no—not own—we all mean to live to the end—am I human we don’t know that—just because I have this way of transmitting—call it voice—a threat—communal actually—the pelagic midwater nets like walls closing round us—starting in the far distance where they just look to us liked distance—distance coming closer—hear it—eliminating background—is all foreground—you in it—the only ground—not even punishment—trawling-nets bycatch poison ghostfishing—the coil of the listening along the very bottom—the nets weighed down with ballast—raking the bottom looking for nothing—indiscriminate—there is nothing in particular you want—you just want—you just want to close the third dimension—to get something which is all—becomes all—once you are indiscriminate—discards can reach 90% of the catch—am I—the habitat crushed and flattened—net of your listening and my speaking we can no longer tell them apart—the atmosphere between us turbid—no place to hide—no place to rest—you need to rest—there is nature it is the rest—what is not hunting is illustration—not regulated are you?—probing down to my greatest depths—2000 meters and more—despite complete darkness that surrounds me—despite my being in my place under strong pressure—along with all my hundreds of species—detritus—in extreme conditions—deepwater fish grow very slowly—very—so have long life expectancy—late reproductive age—are particularly thus vulnerable—it comes along the floor over the underwater mountains—scraping the steep slopes—what is bycatch—hitting the wrong target—the wrong size—not eaten—for which there is no market—banned—endangered—such as birds—sometimes just too much—no more space on the boat—millions of tons thrown back dead or wounded—the scars on the seabed—the mouth the size of a football field—and if there is no one there there is still ghostfishing—nets abandoned in the sea they continue through the centuries to catch—mammals fish shellfish—we die of exhaustion or suffocation—the synthetic materials last forever Ask us anything. How deep is the sea. You couldn't go down there. Pressure would crush you. Light disappears at 6000 feet. Ask another question: Can you hear me? No. Who are you. I am. Did you ever kill a fish. I was once but now I am human. I have imagination. I want to love. I have self-interest. Things are not me. Do you have another question. I am haunted but by what? Human supremacy? The work of humiliation. The pungency of the pesticide. What else? The hammer that comes down on the head. Knocks the eyes out. I was very lucky. The end of the world had already occurred. How long ago was that. I don’t know. It is not a function of knowledge. It is in a special sense that the world ends. You have to keep living. You have to make it not become waiting. Nothing is disturbingly visible. Only the outside continues but it continues. So you have to find the way to make the inside continue. Your entity is fragile. You are an object you own. At least you were given it to own. You have to figure out what ownership is. You thought you knew. You were wrong. It was wrong. There was wrongness in the mix. It turns out you are a first impression. Years go by. Imagine that. And there is still a speaker. There will always be a speaker. In the hypoxic zones is almost no more oxygen→then there is→no more→oxygen→for real→picture that says the speaker→who are you→where are you→going down into the dead zones→water not water→the deeper you go he says the→scarier it gets→because there’s→nothing there→there are no→fish→no organisms→alive→no→no life→so it’s just us→dead zones→bigger than the Sahara he says→the largest lifeless spaces this side of the moon→he says→she says→who is this speaking to me→I am the upwelling→I am the disappearing→hold on→just a minute please→hold on→there is a call for you
—Jorie Graham
#poems to turn you inside out because you just listened to the lord god bird by sufjan stevens and were already in your feelings about that#hi. i'm flayed. a fish on ice.#poetry#words#poem of the day#jorie graham
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Market Insights: Drivers and Future Scope of DNA Probe-based Diagnostics
DNA Probe-based Diagnostics involve the use of DNA probes—single-stranded DNA sequences designed to detect the presence of complementary nucleic acid sequences. This method is highly specific, as it targets sequences unique to pathogens or genes of interest, enabling accurate identification of diseases at a molecular level. DNA probes are invaluable in diagnosing infections, genetic disorders, and cancers. In recent years, DNA Probe-based Diagnostics have advanced significantly, enabling quicker, more sensitive, and cost-effective tests compared to traditional diagnostic approaches. The probes often detect diseases earlier than conventional methods, which allows for timely interventions and treatment.
In 2022, the market for DNA probe-based diagnostics was projected to be worth 2.81 billion US dollars. By 2032, the DNA probe-based diagnostics market is projected to have grown from 3.09 billion USD in 2023 to 7.4 billion USD. During the forecast period (2024-2032), the DNA Probe-based Diagnostics Market is anticipated to develop at a CAGR of around 10.17%.
DNA Probe-based Diagnostics Size and Share
The global DNA Probe-based Diagnostics market has experienced substantial growth, driven by advancements in biotechnology, an increase in research activities, and rising demand for personalized medicine. This market’s size continues to expand, supported by high adoption rates in hospitals, clinics, and research laboratories. As of recent estimates, the market is expected to grow at a consistent compound annual growth rate (CAGR) over the next few years. This growth is fueled by increasing government initiatives, rising investments in healthcare infrastructure, and growing awareness of the importance of early disease detection.
The market share of DNA Probe-based Diagnostics is significant in the molecular diagnostics sector, with applications across diverse fields including infectious disease diagnostics, oncology, genetic testing, and forensic sciences. North America currently holds a major share, driven by the advanced healthcare infrastructure, high investment in research and development, and a strong focus on precision medicine. However, Asia-Pacific is anticipated to see the fastest growth due to increasing healthcare expenditures, rising prevalence of chronic diseases, and a growing demand for advanced diagnostic technologies.
DNA Probe-based Diagnostics Analysis
DNA Probe-based Diagnostics utilize several analysis methods that contribute to their accuracy and reliability. Techniques such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are commonly employed in DNA probe diagnostics. Each method has its unique advantages: FISH, for instance, allows for the visualization of DNA in chromosomes, making it particularly useful in genetic and cancer diagnostics. PCR amplifies DNA sequences to enhance detection sensitivity, while NAATs are known for their high precision in identifying pathogenic DNA in low-abundance samples.
The analysis of DNA Probe-based Diagnostics reveals trends that continue to shape the industry, including the growing shift towards digital and point-of-care diagnostics, which are particularly valuable in low-resource settings. The trend of miniaturization and automation in DNA probe diagnostics has further improved throughput, making these diagnostics faster and more accessible to a larger population.
DNA Probe-based Diagnostics Trends
Several notable trends are currently driving the growth and development of DNA Probe-based Diagnostics. The first is the increase in demand for personalized and precision medicine, where diagnostics are tailored to individual genetic profiles, providing targeted treatments. Second, there is an expansion in the use of DNA probes for infectious disease diagnostics, especially in the detection of viruses such as COVID-19, which highlighted the need for rapid, accurate diagnostics. Third, advancements in microfluidics and lab-on-chip technologies are making diagnostics more compact and accessible. Fourth, automation and digitalization are improving the accuracy and speed of diagnostic results, and fifth, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies are pushing the limits of what DNA probes can detect.
Reasons to Buy DNA Probe-based Diagnostics Reports
Comprehensive Market Insight: Reports provide an in-depth understanding of the DNA Probe-based Diagnostics market, covering all segments, growth factors, challenges, and opportunities.
Competitive Analysis: Detailed profiles of key market players, their strategies, and competitive positioning give buyers a clear view of the competitive landscape.
Trend Analysis: Reports analyze current and emerging trends in the diagnostics market, providing data-driven insights to make informed decisions.
Strategic Recommendations: Clear, actionable insights help stakeholders identify areas of growth and potential investment opportunities.
Recent Developments: Reports cover the latest advancements, regulatory updates, and innovations within the DNA probe diagnostics field.
Recent Developments
Recent developments in DNA Probe-based Diagnostics include the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) for faster data interpretation and the launch of more portable diagnostic devices. The shift toward at-home diagnostic kits has also gained momentum, with many new products entering the market that allow patients to conduct self-tests. Additionally, advancements in CRISPR technology are enhancing the accuracy and versatility of DNA probes, especially in gene editing applications.
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Deep Water Trawling
Jorie Graham
The blades like irises turning very fast to see you completely—steel-blue then red where the cut occurs—the cut of you—they don’t want to know you they want to own you—no—not own—we all mean to live to the end—am I human we don’t know that—just because I have this way of transmitting—call it voice—a threat—communal actually—the pelagic midwater nets like walls closing round us—starting in the far distance where they just look to us liked distance—distance coming closer—hear it—eliminating background—is all foreground—you in it—the only ground—not even punishment—trawling-nets bycatch poison ghostfishing—the coil of the listening along the very bottom—the nets weighed down with ballast—raking the bottom looking for nothing—indiscriminate—there is nothing in particular you want—you just want—you just want to close the third dimension—to get something which is all—becomes all—once you are indiscriminate—discards can reach 90% of the catch—am I—the habitat crushed and flattened—net of your listening and my speaking we can no longer tell them apart—the atmosphere between us turbid—no place to hide—no place to rest—you need to rest—there is nature it is the rest—what is not hunting is illustration—not regulated are you?—probing down to my greatest depths—2000 meters and more—despite complete darkness that surrounds me—despite my being in my place under strong pressure—along with all my hundreds of species—detritus—in extreme conditions—deepwater fish grow very slowly—very—so have long life expectancy—late reproductive age—are particularly thus vulnerable—it comes along the floor over the underwater mountains—scraping the steep slopes—what is bycatch—hitting the wrong target—the wrong size—not eaten—for which there is no market—banned—endangered—such as birds—sometimes just too much—no more space on the boat—millions of tons thrown back dead or wounded—the scars on the seabed—the mouth the size of a football field—and if there is no one there there is still ghostfishing—nets abandoned in the sea they continue through the centuries to catch—mammals fish shellfish—we die of exhaustion or suffocation—the synthetic materials last forever
Ask us anything. How deep is the sea. You couldn't go down
there. Pressure would crush you. Light disappears at 6000 feet. Ask
another question: Can you hear me? No. Who are you. I am.
Did you ever kill a fish. I was once but now I am
human. I have imagination. I want to love. I have self-interest. Things
are not me. Do you have another question. I am haunted but by what?
Human supremacy? The work of humiliation. The pungency of the pesticide.
What else? The hammer that comes down on the head. Knocks the eyes out.
I was very lucky. The end of the world had already occurred. How long ago
was that. I don’t know. It is not a function of knowledge. It is in a special sense
that the world ends. You have to keep living. You have to make it not become
waiting. Nothing is disturbingly visible. Only the outside continues but it
continues. So you have to find the way to make the inside
continue. Your entity is fragile. You are an object you own. At least
you were given it to own. You have to figure out what ownership
is. You thought you knew. You were wrong. It was wrong. There was
wrongness in the mix. It turns out you are a first impression. Years go
by. Imagine that. And there is still a speaker. There will always be a speaker. In the
hypoxic zones is almost no more oxygen→then there is→no more→oxygen→for real→picture that says the speaker→who are you→where are you→going down into the dead zones→water not water→the deeper you go he says the→scarier it gets→because there’s→nothing there→there are no→fish→no organisms→alive→no→no life→so it’s just us→dead zones→bigger than the Sahara he says→the largest lifeless spaces this side of the moon→he says→she says→who is this speaking to me→I am the upwelling→I am the disappearing→hold on→just a minute please→hold on→there is a call for you
(Proper formatting of the poem on Poetry Foundation's website.)
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Curved Televisions Market Size, Share, Demand, Growth and Forecast 2024-2032
Curved Televisions Market provides in-depth analysis of the market state of Curved Televisions manufacturers, including best facts and figures, overview, definition, SWOT analysis, expert opinions, and the most current global developments. The research also calculates market size, price, revenue, cost structure, gross margin, sales, and market share, as well as forecasts and growth rates. The report assists in determining the revenue earned by the selling of this report and technology across different application areas.
Geographically, this report is segmented into several key regions, with sales, revenue, market share and growth Rate of Curved Televisions in these regions till the forecast period
North America
Middle East and Africa
Asia-Pacific
South America
Europe
Key Attentions of Curved Televisions Market Report:
The report offers a comprehensive and broad perspective on the global Curved Televisions Market.
The market statistics represented in different Curved Televisions segments offers complete industry picture.
Market growth drivers, challenges affecting the development of Curved Televisions are analyzed in detail.
The report will help in the analysis of major competitive market scenario, market dynamics of Curved Televisions.
Major stakeholders, key companies Curved Televisions, investment feasibility and new market entrants study is offered.
Development scope of Curved Televisions in each market segment is covered in this report. The macro and micro-economic factors affecting the Curved Televisions Market
Advancement is elaborated in this report. The upstream and downstream components of Curved Televisions and a comprehensive value chain are explained.
Browse More Details On This Report at @https://www.globalgrowthinsights.com/market-reports/curved-televisions-market-100561
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Web: https://www.globalgrowthinsights.com
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Customer Journey Through Luxury Apparel Boxes
We all know that the beauty of apparel items is enhanced by the integration of luxury apparel packaging. This packaging is specifically built to accommodate different kinds of apparel products quite efficiently. Custom rigid boxes are instrumental in enriching this journey, forging an enduring impression that transcends the splendid attire they encase. These boxes are tailored in different shapes and sizes with which they become a perfect option to cover different apparel items. Adding a touch of different fishing options, the beauty of these boxes is further enhanced. Let’s now probe into the customer journey via luxury custom apparel boxes, examining the influence of custom rigid boxes and their contribution to improving the shopping experience.
Access to wholesale luxury boxes packaging is essential for luxury clothing brands in the United States. Manufacturers of rigid boxes that serve the American market are vital in providing brands with affordable, high-quality packaging solutions. The collaboration between brands and these manufacturers is indispensable for uniformity in design and quality across various products.
The sale of a product is influenced by its packaging, as it serves as a reflection of the product's value. An appealing and high-quality packaging not only captures the attention of customers but also establishes a powerful initial impression. There are many packaging solution s available but luxury rigid boxes are second to none. They are commonly used to pack high end products like cell phones, jewelry items, cosmetics and gifts. The reason why all the top industries rely on these custom rigid boxes is that they are the most secure option to keep these products. Additionally, they are not only durable but also offer an exceptional presentation to your products. If you want to make your brand stand out and get massive sales then choose these luxury boxes.
Flexibility in Design and Style
The most incredible benefit you can gain from these boxes is that they are versatile and can be customized into different shapes and sizes. All you need to do is provide your rigid boxes manufacturers with the right specifications for the product and get the perfect design that aligns with your product. Moreover, you can choose from plenty of options: sleeve boxes, drawer style, book style and even die-cut window boxes. All of these designs are equally popular because of their uniqueness and presentation quality to show the product's extraordinary.
Elevate Your Brand Presence with Custom Shoe Boxes
In the business world, first impression matters a lot. Customers make an evaluation about the quality of a product and the personality of the brand through packaging. Now it’s time to give equal importance to the packaging just as the product itself. You cannot compete with the competitors if you just focus on the quality of product and ignore its presentation. If you own a shoe brand and want to boost your sales then opt for custom shoes boxes. What makes these boxes special than other is that they are customizable which means that their shape, design and style is in your hands. You can design them your way. You know your audience better so you can add aesthetic designs and premium finishes to these customized shoe boxes that urge them to buy your shoes.
Are you in search of unique packaging ideas to elevate the gifting experience for your customers? Worry no more, as luxury gift boxes offer a customizable solution with an array of shapes, styles, and designs that are sure to captivate your recipients and create a lasting impression for your brand. These exquisite boxes not only provide protection for your upscale and delicate gifts but also feature state-of-the-art designs, ensuring an unparalleled presentation.
2. Durability and Protection
Luxury gift boxes are made with cardboard material which is highly durable and ensure safe transit of your products from shelves to customer’s doorstep. They are the safe place for your expensive items. They keep them safe from moisture, heat and external shock. Durability of custom gift boxes enhances customers experience and leave a lasting impression on them.
Lavish Customization
Luxury boxes are the ideal packaging solution for your gifts because they are not limited to a few products. They are highly customizable which means that you can alter their shape, design and style according to your preferences. In other words, you get complete control over designing the boxes. You can choose the material, finishes and style of the box. You can also add your brand logo and other branding elements to make the boxes personalized.
Why Luxury Shoe Boxes are Important for Brands in 2024
Due to the emergence of online apparel brands, the shoe market is witnessing its peak. The demand of footwear has increased because people find it easier to shop by sitting at home. Therefore, the demand of packaging has also increased because it is not just a way to protect the shoes but also to advertise the brand. It is the custom shoes boxesthat come in contact with first prior to the product itself. They are fore behind building the first impression. If you opt for premium packaging solutions for your footwear collection, they will leave a lasting impression on them. They are the ideal way to present your best sellers.
Custom Luxury Boxes for Footwear offer Memorable Unboxing Experience
When it comes to customer retention, unboxing experience is one of the most important elements because it stays with the customers for a long time. It is a source of connecting the customers with your brand. Whenever they discuss their shopping experience, they recall their experience with your brand. You can opt for unique and creative styles of shoe boxes like magnetic closure, tuck end style or handle boxes with custom inserts that mesmerize the customers. You can also add themes and graphics related to a particular event like Christmas to turn these custom luxury bxoesinto gift boxes.This will result in customer satisfaction which leads to their long-term retention.
#luxury cardboard boxes#luxury boxes packaging#candle boxes for shipping#candle boxes wholesale#luxury boxes#luxury box packaging#custom box manufacturers#luxury gift boxes
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#flourescent in situ hybridization#in situ hybridization market#fluorescence in situ hybridization probe#fish probe market trends#fish probe market analysis#fish probe market size
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Precision Aquaculture: IPAT- Juniper Publishers
Introduction
The Definitive Principles of aquaculture cannot be written in indelible ink. This science is a part of a continuously improvement program. Way back in 1960’s it was recommended to feed the carps with rice bran and oil cake, because they were available in cheap. After the realization that these organic feeds are poorly utilized by fish and the fact that nowadays these raw materials for many other beneficial and much more economical activities and with increased demand, the cost of these raw materials has increased significantly. As advised in classic aquaculture, if it is mixed in 1:1 ratio and fed to fish, the cost of production will be Rs. 99/kg. But now in many parts of the country, the farm gate value of carps (Rs. 80/kg) does not rise above the cost of production. Till recently, carp seed rearing and farming at any scale was highly profitable because of the low cost for the inputs. But this is no longer true, as the cost of basic traditional inputs like cow dung, poultry manure, ground nut cake, rice bran and fixed costs of land; total input costs have increased many fold, while the farm gate value of the fish seed and market size fish remained almost constant. Though aquaculture production models are highly dynamic, unless we assess the economics and understand the scale of economy of any given activity, systems may not be economically or environmentally sustainable. In early sixties, most of the aquaculture production systems were extensive- that is using a low input extensive approach to production. Rice bran, ground nut cake (GNC) and cow dung was available then at cheaper cost. The cost of GNC in 1983 was Rs. 3.80 and it is Rs. 40/kg in 2014. The cost of rice bran was Rs. 1.60 and it is Rs. 18-20/kg currently (Figure 1).
USSEC Sponsored IPAT Program in India
US Soy Bean Export Council invited different stakeholders related to aquaculture and organized two programs in India. One at Vishakapattanam on 17.05.2016 and another at Kolkata on 20.05.2016. Mr Umakanth and Dr Yadunandan, and the USSEC team were instrumental in bringing different stakeholders on one platform to discuss a new aquaculture technology. Mr George Fullerton, Auburn University, USA delivered a special talk describing Intensive Pond Aquaculture Technology or IPAT. It was simplified and technically narrated by Dr Vijay Anand, Director, Asia Sub Continent, for USSEC. The institutes like National Fisheries Development Board, Hyderabad, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin, Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Chennai, College of Fisheries, Mangaluru, Aquafeed producers, progressive farmers, shrimp hatchery owners and others related to field of aquaculture were present. The concept was well received by the stakeholders.
Visit to China
In continuation with the above described program in India, the selected group of stakeholders was taken to China to visit farms which demonstrate show the successful IPAT models. See and learn is better than hear and learn. The team of 60 delegates from countries like India, Vietnam, Egypt, China and USA were there as participants. Dr Jesse A. Chappell, Extension Specialist, Auburn University, Ms Deena Hansel, Aquaculture Program Manager, USSEC, Xiaoping Zhang, China Country Director, Mr Joe Zhou Enhua, Technical Manager-freshwater Aquaculture, USSEC, China, Dr Lee, USSEC, China, Mr. Jim Zhang, Program Manager- Aquaculture, USSEC, China, were moderating and technically facilitated the Program.
Delegates were taken to a Government of Farm which is 70km away from Shanghai City. Dr Chappell explained the concepts and immediately delegates were taken to the IPAT farm just few meters away from their office. Then everybody was able to actually see and learn from a real-world operating IPA system I had many doubts when I was listening to IPAT lecture at Vizag, India. Had I asked those questions, it would have been rude on my part for asking such questions. Thank god, I got a chance to see what they were telling in their lectures.
What is this IPAT?
Integrated Pond Aquaculture Technology (IPAT) developed by Auburn University and USSEC is trying to popularize this technology globally. It is just developing raceway structures within the pond system and creating river-flow within the system using only air! Remember those who are getting good fish or shrimp production with Mekong River using its robust natural flow. In an earthen pond say about 1ha, the production raceway or cells having 6-9 inch thick walls and measuring 25m X 5m X 1.5m. The total area of the cells will not cross 0.01.5% of the total area of the earthen pond. This means a 150m2 cell area is enough for 1ha pond. Using air blowers at the inlet end, water is airlifted and taken through the raceway and subsequently to the pond. The last addition 3m length of the cell is a solids or sludge collection point. Sludge is collected using simple pumps which move along the width of the cell. In 150 days, the grass carp production ranges from 140-160kg/m3. In China, they were culturing grass carp, channel catfish, big head carp, etc. They were fed to satiation with soy based floating feeds using automatic feeders. The production cells are positioned at one corner of the ponds. The water gushes out from the cells is guided by a baffle till the opposite corner later by using aerators, water is guided and makes a circular motion and ultimately again reaches the inlet of the cells. The technology is based upon continually flowing water pushed around the pond by air-lifts (Figure 2).
Is it Really Version 8.0?
Indian aquaculture started with stocking wild seeds (version1.0) later moved to stocking hatchery bred seed (Version2.0) along with a manuring schedule (Version 3.0) which wasnatural food based. Slowly, farmers started feeding rice bran and ground nut cake (Version 4.0). With continued advancement in aquaculture technology growers began using aerators (Version5.0) and use of sinking feed pellets (version 6.0). Floating feeds are now added to Indian aquaculture (version 7.0) and now IPAT as Version 8.0 (Figure 3).
Advantage IPAT
I. Entire crop is visible all the time
II. Uniform growth
III. Easy harvest
IV. Disease management is easy and inexpensive
V. More production efficiency and output
VI. Sustainable-financially and environmentally
VII. Reduced organic load on the system
VIII. less labour per unit harvested
Challenges of IPAT
a. Electric Power is essential for 24h; stand-by generator required
b. System Initial investment is little high
c. Round the clock monitoring may be required
Of course, there are solutions for these above said challenges; but at a cost. By looking at the economics, it is worth investing on the essentials that this system demands. Wherever, there are already ponds, they can immediately adopt and switch to IPAT Before switching to this new concept, one must make sure that they can meet the demands of IPAT. The other issues like market demand, species selection, cold chain and such other related issues also have to be taken into consideration before venturing into commercial unit.
Why it is Precision Aquaculture?
It is precision, because one can precisely know and monitor the growth rate, mortality, feed requirement, feeding, water quality, production, productivity, BC Ratio. Depending on the market demand, precise partial harvest is also possible. Using advanced technologies, water quality monitoring probes can be deployed in the cells and whenever the intended parameter varies beyond the specified range, the gadgets give signals to make changes. This can be linked to television at home/office or cell phones and take appropriate decisions to protect and contain the crop (Figure 4).
Other advantages of IPAT
Pangasius farming is going on in India in about 40000ha. But farmers are facing problem in marketing because of the yellowish color of the meat. In still water aquaculture, discoloration of meat is a usual phenomenon because of the stress related ammonia load in the system. If the pangasius grown in IPAT system, pangasius meat will have the whitish color that industry prefers. IPAT offers scope for:
1. Seed rearing
2. Stunted fingerling production
3. Live fish marketing
4. Aqua tourism
Disclaimer
This article is a document of personal field experience of the author. Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries University, Bidar or any other institutions in India and abroad are not responsible for the content, data or opinions in this article. Farmers and entrepreneurs need to take an author's and other experts' opinion before implementing it in the field.
To Know More About Journal of Oceanography Please Click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/ofoaj/index.php
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Pembrokeshire, county of castles, coves and film star sands.
The eye was piercing. The gaze was imperious. The message an unspoken “Do you know who’s in control around here?” Eventually, of course, the human in boots, inching forward as quietly as he could along the Pembrokeshire Coast Path, prevailed over the haughty feathered hunter perched on a fence post.
I was no more than 15 feet away, with the summit of nearby Carn Llidi as a backdrop, when the sparrowhawk very reluctantly gave way. It lifted off and, after a few grudging wing beats, alighted again about six posts along.
In the space of ten minutes, as I moved slowly forward, it repeated this procedure: lift off, lazy flutter of wings and perch again, about fives times, before cutting back in a wide arc across the field to roughly where I first met it.
The guidebooks tell you to look down from the cliffs for seals, porpoises, dolphins and to the windy space between land and sea for choughs, those comical blackbird-size birds with red legs. But not a word about this top predator, which had clearly dined so well on the local singbirds that it scarcely needed to move. (The birds sang on, despite the predations.)
Approach this national trail as you might a long, detailed menu in a restaurant, one with a wide choice of starters, many of them a meal in itself. There are also some main courses, specialities of this county, and you will want to sample one or two of them. However you would need a giant’s appetite to consume the whole 186-miles, still less the entire 870 miles Wales Coast Path, of which this is only a section.
Let’s start with those appetizers. (The sparrow hawk would be in the “today’s specials” section.) I stayed at the county’s western end, on its final thrust towards Ireland. As the chough flies, Waterford is closer than Cardiff.
Hearabouts any three to five mile stretch contains many permutations. The trail twists, it lurches, it plunges, it turns severely back on itself then climbs steeply down into and up out of tiny coves. Little tumbling streams cross your path. Banks dense with foxgloves enclose your way. A flower strewn meadow ends in a sudden sheer drop down to waves boiling over jagged rocks. The view constantly changes. Nothing stays the same on this path for more than a few minutes.
I did an idle measurement on Google Maps afterwards. Made into a straight line the Pembrokeshire Path would stretch here roughly from London, 198 miles away. In 2010, duly impressed, National Geographic Magazine judged this the second best coastal destination in the world, just behind the Avalon Peninsula in Newfoundland, Canada.
Every three or four miles, over much of the western end at least, there is a convenient pause, in the shape of an attractive little harbour, and there’s a fair chance it is served by the coastal bus.
This part of the coast was bristling with unexpected, at least to me, industrial history. We think of the Welsh valleys studded with smokestacks and pit heads, but there is the evidence of long and serious industry in this quiet backwater. The clues that somewhere, such as Abereiddi, was once very busy is in the eroded remains of labourers��� cottages. In other places those that stood up long enough after the decline are now holiday cottages.
We dropped down into Porthgain, an industrial powerhouse in its day. The roads of England were paved with crushed dolerite processed here. Now gentrification is complete. The main industrial building is now the Shed Fish and Chip Bistro. On our visit no fewer than ten Norwegian-registered vintage MG sportscars were neatly parked on the quayside.
The drivers and passengers were in the Shed, where they may well have been enjoying the exquisite if expensive fresh crab sandwiches, sold at prices Chiswick visitors would recognize. We ordered the same at the Sloop Inn opposite. We were perfectly positioned, some time later, to see the MGs set off in orderly convoy on the road to Fishguard.
The coast continues like this for miles, with a spot of strenuous striding, frequent heart-lifting views, tantalising glimpses of islands big and small just off the coast. Here and there an encounter with a profound religious past, in the ruined chapel and well of St David’s mother St Non, for example.
There are other, bigger harbours. In Solva the man in the car park handed out leaflets promoting all the little art craft shops, restaurants and guest houses. The Dutch and German cars underline the county’s appeal to a discerning international market – the drivers were not there for the weather.
And so to those landscape “main courses” I mentioned. On the path from the lifeboat station at St Justinians, heading north, I am suddenly above a wide, flat, sandy beach where somebody had expertly drawn a vast jellyfish, so big it could only be seen to proper effect from 200 yards up, on the footpath.
Pembrokeshire’s beaches are now an international hot property. Hollywood could have chosen some enchanted strand on Bali or Hawaii as the location where Kristen Stewart thunders through the surf with 80 muscular extras on horseback in the 2012 movie ”Snow White and the Huntsman”. Instead the studios chose the wide, flat, golden film-star sands, perfectly smoothed by the outgoing tide, of Marloes Sands, on southern Pembrokeshire, even if they did computer-generate an extravagant outburst of fairy-tale towers on the conveniently flat-topped Gateholm Island, which stands just yards off the headland.
Marloes first broke into the movies in 1967 when The Lion in Winter was filmed here. Whitesands was used in the BBC4 Richard II.
In 2010 Hollywood came to another Pembrokeshire beach, Freshwater West. Ridley Scott had filmed Robin Hood there, with Russell Crowe. The filmmakers built higgledy-piggledy Shell Cottage there for Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. The beach is clearly visible in the film. You will find no trace that the scrupulously tidy film makers were ever there. It’s the same at Marloes, left just as they found it.
You could easily construct a week or ten day holday around this sublime coastland, mixing up walks with boat trips to Skomer or Ramsey, dining out in the many harbour pubs on fresh local fish. The coast path has been conveniently cut up into 200 bite-size local walks, some of them circular.
One took us a few miles inland to St Davids, which is Britain’s smallest city, by virtue of the cathedral. We arrived early to benefit from its remoteness. Most day trippers, coming from afar, don’t get there until well on in the morning. We came across the intimate little cathedral, nestling in a green valley, well before the throng.
In the nave we had plently of room for some entry-level surveying, measuring the startling incline on the spirit level app on my daughter’s smartphone. It is almost two degrees.
St David’s has an understated nobility, because of its size and unusual position. On a scale of conspicuous cathedrals, Lincoln would be a 10. St David’s would be a 1. It was a steep climb up to the city, in reality a pleasant little town, where we gave in to the Italian charms of the Bench cafe for coffee and ice cream.
Until the early 1800s Pembrokeshire would have been as remote by land as some European cities were for a traveler starting out from London. Railways opened the county up, and oil at Milford Haven and the Irish boat traffic through Fishguard Harbour ensured the rail links survived even in the bleak post-Beeching era.
The trains helped build Tenby into as gracious a Victorian resort as Whitby or Ilfracombe. Novelist George Eliot was inspired enough by her visit to this perfect little resort in 1856 to take up writing. It has been a destination of rare distinction ever since.
A cordon of high, narrow Georgian and Victorian town houses in delicate pastel colours still wraps around Tenby’s sea front. To dodge the wind you either head to the sandy beach on the town’s north flank, or, if it’s blowing from the other direction, seek out the little harbour to the south.
Praise, then, for frequent services direct from Manchester deep into Pembrokeshire, connecting with services from London and the west and south.
It’s still the case, of course, that most visitors drive here. They will find the car necessary for visiting the centre of the county where the excellent bus service doesn’t reach.
Pembroke, is technically on the coast. The tide probes almost under the walls of the castle where Henry Tudor, who became Henry VII, was born in 1457, (It was restored to its formidable Norman pomp after a crumbly, ivy-covered interlude in the 1900s.) But it feels like an inland town.
The castle, proud and imposing above this ancient town, is just one the county’s rich crop of citadels, The list includes Manorbier, Cilgerran, Haverfordwest, Lamphey, Llawhaden, and Picton castles. There are over 50 all told, if you include forts and the reconstructed 600 BC Iron Age citadel Castell Henllys. Leading the list is Carew Castle. It overlooks a serene millpond, with a 11th century Celtic Cross and Wales’s only restored Tidal Mill. Narberth is another appealing little castle town. If you buy the Welshcakes in Waitrose, they come from here.
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